查不确定的名词,oald和oed又释义不一致。哪个为准

想知道 同形 异音 是哪个,然后发现oald和oed的释义并不相同。

词头 homograph

oed

A word of the same spelling as another, but of different origin and meaning.

oald

a word that is spelt like another word but has a different meaning from it, and may have a different pronunciation, for example bow /baʊ/, bow /bəʊ/

所以,转业词汇,还是要找专业书籍?
根据信息的时效性、真实性、价值性原则,如果翻译本的时间很久远,最好还是翻看原文著作;
如果是新近出版的书,如果是众多作者的文章做的合订本,根据蛛丝马迹,确认单篇文章写成时间。(如2022年买的2022年的书,介绍的牛津高阶词典是四、并且指出(当时)最新的是牛津高阶七)
算了,懒得写了。烦得,本来就是要记单词,还要去查证单词的准确性,我是学渣,这是我能回答的事吗?

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六哥看看英文原文,就看划黑线的就好了。

我的疑问是 异音 ,而oald说是,oed没说。

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以oed为准:

  1. oed本身更权威
  2. 查剑桥高阶得知,同形异义词可能读音相同,也可能不同.

    heteronym 才更贴切为同形异义(异音)词

这是我与你理解不同的地方,我认为应该区分两个词
你查下Oed对heteronym的解释,明确规定了音

供参考:

<dictionary.com>
homograph
noun
a word of the same written form as another but of different meaning and usually origin, whether pronounced the same way or not, as bear1 “to carry; support” and bear2 “animal” or lead1 “to conduct” and lead2 “metal.”
Homograph Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com

<merriam-webster.com>
Definition of homograph
: one of two or more words spelled alike but different in meaning or derivation or pronunciation (such as the bow of a ship, a bow and arrow)
Homograph Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster

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我更相信oed,毕竟很多高阶是连条形图(bar chart)和直方图(histogram)都不分的,越解释越含糊,好像多解释一句frequency能要了他们命似的

牛津学术还抄了个和高阶一模一样的解释……一点也不学术

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刚才有点断章取义了,你这里的意思是一词多义吧,但是楼主要弄清楚得不是这个(剑桥翻译得是同形异义词)。按常理,同形异义词里可能有同形同音异义和同形异音异义,同形同音异义词是一词多义的情况,而同形异音异义词比如:bow 的名词意义,两个读音/baʊ/, /bəʊ/,前者是鞠躬,后者是弓箭。

我的意思是Oed有点含糊,但是你不能否认它是错的,Oald说得太详细了,也有点狭隘。oed 包含oald 的意思,oald 的意思是它的子集。

我举heteronym 是强调oed 该说清的时候就说清了

但是你不觉得oald的释义很模糊吗,既然要区别就应该区别清楚,histogram更多用来干嘛,oald说了半天整理一句宽度可能不一样,这就是区别吗

oald不想区分就synonym这还不简单(和朗文,vocabulary那样),非得搞个compare

再去看几本母语词典,没一个不提frequency的

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别强行解释,直方图这东西是初中内容,就算不懂也会留点印象,frequency也不算什么生僻词(柯林斯4/5,oed6/8),如果学术词典还照抄高阶那真的是搞笑了,至于牛津的compare也没你说的那么不用心

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牛津的解释也不短了,它最大的问题是自己没抓住重点还强行解释。我前面也说过,如果不想分那么清楚就直接列为同义词就行了。精简而准确的也有
chambers:
A statistical graph in which frequency distribution is shown by means of rectangles

其实楼主的那个词条问题也不大,没什么可说的,只是在准确性上我可能更偏向于母语词典而不是高阶。

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我实际上也不喜欢看chambers,但有的时候它就是准,属于奇招的那种

恰恰相反,直方图现在不算不常用,只是离开数理化你就见不到而已

我没有觉得homograph的解释有多大问题,可能发音不同就可能,没有说一定不同

词频这种东西也不好说多准确,还得看各个领域

OALD 7 就直接写 = BAR CHART.

不用纠结是“异形”还是“异音”,homograph可译为“多义字”,至于OALD中多出来的释义may have表示一种可能性。说不一致,有些言过其实了。

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那只能说明oald8的编辑是大聪明


我整理了一下自己的心得,之前就没有搞懂这几个词的关系,若有不当之处,还请6ji6指点迷津。

MWD:

Homonym can be troublesome because it may refer to three distinct classes of words. Homonyms may be words with identical pronunciations but different spellings and meanings, such as to, too, and two. Or they may be words with both identical pronunciations and identical spellings but different meanings, such as quail (the bird) and quail (to cringe). Finally, they may be words that are spelled alike but are different in pronunciation and meaning, such as the bow of a ship and bow that shoots arrows. The first and second types are sometimes called homophones, and the second and third types are sometimes called homographs—which makes naming the second type a bit confusing. Some language scholars prefer to limit homonym to the third type.

例子的话,可看看 Wordsmyth 词典 homograph 词条 Language Note

居然还有个 heteronym

one of two or more homographs (such as a bass voice and bass, a fish) that differ in pronunciation and meaning

成四角关系了。一堆没有清晰边界的概念,没必要深入了解。

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