牛高文本实际也不算差，毕竟从官方电子出版物提取出来的，但是，提取和改制的人多在文字、编辑方面比较业余，比如数据不完整，轻率地转内码、繁简体转换、删除短语重音等，搞下一个乱摊子让后来者收拾。我始终没想明白音标为什么是金山字体，官方光盘好像并非如此。牛津当年在制作电子文本时，有些做法在现在看来也是可议的，诸如乱用各种不规范的标点符号，甚至用逗号给词组标次重音，非常野鸡，也给目前的校改完善造成了诸多困难。
可能制作时 unicode 还未支援 IPA.。所以选用金山字体方案。
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谁有pdawiki的账号，帮我转载一下 ⚜ 打造完美《牛津高阶双解 第四版》(2019.11.11更新) - MDict 词库资源区 - MDict Dictionaries - 掌上百科 - PDAWIKI - Powered by Discuz! 帖子里“1250楼，1263楼，1281楼” achallan网友贴的单词粘连数据？我看不到附件。这些错误我也可以设法用程序/代码扫，但既然已经有人做了这个工作，就不用重复劳动。
我用得是 lgmcw 的原始说法，其实在上下附近，可能因为删帖楼层变化了一些。
wrong.txt (43.5 KB)
wrong.def.txt (159.3 KB)
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谢谢，你可以把非附件的pdawiki帖文删了，我能在原始位置看到，复制过来跟乱码一样。
谢谢了，省了我不少事。
Unicode 1.0 是1991年发布的，其中包括 IPA Extensions 字符89个。IPA用的字符比DJ、KK这种专门表示英语发音的音标所需要的字符多多了。牛高4的繁体光盘大概是1994年左右才制作的，所以这个锅不应该unicode背，我想应该怪罪微软操作系统和字体公司。unicode有规范了，字体公司未必会给你搞个全字库，至今尚且如此，汉字字体里能把现在Unicode里的汉字弄全的据我所知只有日本的花园明体和台湾个人制作的全宋体。
我在别的地方看到有人说牛高4光盘里复制出来的音标就是金山字体，看来情况不一，自己懒得去亲身尝试了。或许牛津当时找不到合适的在汉字系统里用的音标字体，真的就用了金山公司提供的解决方案，也是很有可能的，金山词霸和牛津出版社向来就有一些商业合作。
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1991 年发布，不代表当时流行的作业系统就有支援。
2000 年出的 windows me 都还是 ANSI 架构。
2001 年出的 windows xp ，unicode 才算开始普及。
Windows NT was the first operating system that used “wide characters” in system calls. Using the UCS-2 encoding scheme at first, it was upgraded to UTF-16 starting with Windows 2000,
「Unicode補完計畫」修改作業系統中的字碼表，處理Unicode和非Unicode字碼的對應。「Unicode補完計畫」首先是在以Unicode架構為核心的微軟Windows NT（包括Windows 2000和Windows XP）作業系統上開發，之後又支援了以ANSI架構為核心的Windows 98和Windows Me。
一直在更新txt，没有mdx么?
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显然不会有mdx，除非你动手做一个。
研究了一下，发现原初公布牛高4 txt文本的人是个nasty的精神变态，他不但故意从中间删了L开头的词条，也删了the开头的词组，还故意删了B开头的一些长词条，从中间突然截断，以及后面随机几个长词条的内容。我原先以为这些缺失可能是提取失误，其实不是，是故意所为，因为如果是技术失误，此类缺陷就是随机分布的，但此文本中的缺陷明显是刻意操作的结果。网上混了N多年了，第一次确认还有这种变态玩意，真是大开眼界。
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发现这个文本也不是独立提取的，跟其他网上的牛高4 txt是同一渊源，突然截断的不完整缺文词条是一样的。
继续校改，OX-6版主要做的文本修订如下所述：
1）根据pdawiki网友achallan提供的单词粘连和拼写错误清单，纠正全文2000处左右此类失误。此清单难能可贵的是找出来了一些原纸本书本身（包括光盘）就有的文字讹误，计有
formly
formaly
responsibilty
newpaper
countly
perfomance
exultaion
gentlement
responsibilites
continous
youself
mountians
improbablity
goverment
reponsible
prinicipals
magnificient
succesful
activites
spendours
terrifed
tranqullizing
effecton
regulary
measureable
等。虽然纠正过程中我没有一一核对原书，但就部分核查过的单词而论，我手上的牛高4纸本也是错的。
2）在修正单词粘连错误时，发现原始txt底本存在某些词条释义不完整、被中途截断的现象，设法清查（比如用正则 [^.?!＇] \n★ 搜索），找到以下所列词条大量阙文，于是从yru版插图牛高4 mdx中补充缺失文本。
away
back bad balance bar beat beg begin believe bend best better between big bind bit bite block blow board body boil bone bottom bread break breath bring business but buy
consider
firm
nadir
quiet
spy
up use
value variety view virtue vision viz voice volume
want
3）补充全文缺失英镑符号 £ 400处左右，修正若干ä、ç、ô、∨、∧等形式的特殊符号。
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感谢楼主辛劳
与我收集的某一牛高4 mdx（可能是yru版）解出文本（ 见 https://github.com/mahavivo/english-dictionary/tree/master/OALD4 ）程序对比，加人工核实，初步统计校改文本缺失词头（headword）如下所列：
acerbic | acetic | -ade | adjacent | admonish | aftermath | afters | -age | AIDS | -al | -an | -ana | -ance, -ence | -ancy, -ency | aniseed | -ant, -ent | anticipation | antiknock | antimony | antipathy | arcane | -ard | -arian | artisan | artiste | -ary | -ate | -ation | -ative | -ator | augur | august | August | auricle | auriferous | balls | bead | become | -bellied | besom | biceps | biro | birthday | bisect | -bodied | bop | buckler | by- | carcinogen | cheers | cheery | -cide | cirrhosis | cirrus | cissy | Cistercian | cistern | citadel | cite | comely | contentious | contest | context | CONTRA | COORDINATE | CO-ORDINATE | -cracy | -crat | -cy | -d | Dail Eireann | despot | -dom | -ectomy | -ed | -ee | -eer | 'em | embrace | -en | -ence | -ent | -er | -ery | -ese | -esque | -ess | -ette | -ey | falsetto | falsify | federal | fo’c’s’le | -fold | fortunate | -ful | future | -fy | -gamy | garlic | gnome | -gon | -gram | gram | -graph | -graphy | gully | ha’p’orth | -hood | hormone | -ial | -ian | -iana | -iatrics | -iatry | -ible | -ic | -ics | -ide | -ie | -ify | -in | indispensable | indoors | institution | instruct | -ion | -ise | -ish | -ism | -ist | -ite | -ition | -itis | -ity | -ive | -ize, -ise | L/Cpl | lights | -mania | -ment | metallurgy | -meter | -metre | misgovern | -most | mynah | ne’er | ne’er-do-well | -ness | -oid | op cit | -or | -ory | -ous | overshoot | PARA | -path | -pathy | -philia | -phobia | -phone | prepuce | re-cover | ritual | ruble | -ry | -scape | -scope | -ship | -shooter | -sion | -some | -speak | -sphere | -ster | sulfide | syndrome | -th | times | -tion | toccata | toils | 'un | -ure | Virginia `creeper | vv | -ward | -ways | -wise | -xion | -y | -acy
计193个。这些词头里比较瞩目的是become这么基本的词汇也丢失了。
与endnote 2022新春版mdx对比，去除和“yru版”重复的数据后，单独查核出来的的“缺失”词头如下：
-able | -acy | agr- | aide-mémoire | -ance | -ancy | -ant | anthrop- | appliqué | après-ski | arête | attaché | aut- | blasé | bric-à-brac, bric-a-brac | bête noire | café, cafe | canapé | cardi- | cent- | chargé d’affaires | chron- | château | cliché | communiqué | compère, compere | consommé | coupé | crypt- | crème de la crème | crème de menthe | débutante | début | dem- | derm- | diamanté | débâcle, debacle | décolleté | décor, decor | déjà vu | démarche, demarche | déshabillé | détente | electr- | entrepôt, entrepot | entrée, entree | Eur- | exposé, expose | façade, facade | flambé | fête, fete | glacé | -graphical | gruyère | habitué | hect- | hex- | -ian | ingénue, ingenue | -ion | is- | -ize | kümmel | lycée | manqué | matinée | -metre | mise-en-scène | mélange | ménage, menage | mésalliance | métier | mêlée, melee | necr- | neur- | née, nee | orth- | outré | pant- | passé | path- | phil- | phon- | physi- | pied-à-terre | pietà | pièce de rèsistance | première, premiere | prot- | précis | pseud- | psych- | pâté | quadr- | raison d’être | recherché | retroussé | risqué | rosé | roué | résumé | röntgen | sauté | sept- | señor | soigné | soirée, soiree | son et lumière | table d’hôte | tel- | tetr- | the- | therm- | touché | tête-a-tête | Virginia creeper | vis-à-vis | à la carte | à la mode | éclair | éclat | élite, elite | émigré, emigré | épée, epee
共计124个。不过值得注意的此处很多“缺失”词头其实在原文中不缺，只是拼写有异，没有用正确的法文字符。
按照endnote版mdx初步统计，牛高4共有标准词头22206个，习语7755个，动词短语2963个，衍生词、复合词18565个。查yru版mdx，共有词头22640个。标准词头的统计、对比和查漏相对容易，但限于牛高4原始文本的形式（没有数据库化，也没有特别标签，词组中还夹杂有重音符号等），衍生词-复合词，习语，动词短语要一一准确对比和查漏比较困难。
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与主帖中所述及牛高4网络文档比较，初步统计校改文本缺少如下词头，共计478个，主要归属于衍生词部分，明显是原制作发布者故意删除。
-ability, -ibility | -ability, -ibility | -able, -ible | -able, -ible | -ably, -ibly | -acy | -ade | -age | -al | -ally | -an | -ana | -ance, -ence | -ance, -ence | -ancy, -ency | -ancy, -ency | -ant, -ent | -ant, -ent | -ard | -arian | -ary | -ary | -ate | -ately | -ation | -ative | -atively | -ator | -bedded | -behaved | -bellied | -bellied | -bodied | -born | -bound | -brimmed | -burger | -cheeked | -chested | -cidal | -cide | -cornered | -cracy | -craft | -crat | -cratic | -cy (also -acy) | -d | -decker | -deep | -dimensional | -dom | -eared | -ectomy | -ed (also -d) | -edged | -ee | -eer | -en | -ence | -ent | -er | -ery (also -ry) | -ese | -esque | -ess | -ess | -ette | -ey | -eyed | -faced | -faceted | -fired | -flavoured (US -flavored) | -fold | -footed | -footed | -footer | -footer | -former | -free | -friendly | -ful | -fy | -gamous, -gamously | -gamy | -goer | -gon | -gonal | -grained | -gram | -graph | -grapher | -graphic(al) | -graphy | -haired | -handed | -handled | -headed | -hearted | -heeled | -hipped | -hood | -hued | -humoured (US -humored) | -ial | -ially | -ian (also -an) | -iana (also -ana) | -iatric | -iatric, -iatrical | -iatrics | -iatry | -ible | -ic | -ical | -ical | -ically | -ics | -ide | -ie | -ify (also -fy) | -ily | -in | -in-chief | -iness | -intensive | -intentioned | -ion (also -ation, -ition, -sion, -tion, -xion) | -ise | -ise, -ize | -ish | -ism | -ist | -ist | -ite | -ition | -itis | -ity | -ive | -ization, -isation | -izationally, -isationally | -ize, -ise | -man | -man | -mania | -maniac | -mannered | -manship | -manship | -masted | -ment | -mental | -mentally | -mentioned | -meter | -metre (US -meter) | -most | -mouthed | -natured | -ness | -nosed | -oid | -orientated | -ory | -ous | -path | -path | -pathic | -pathy | -phile (also -phil) | -philia | -philiac | -phobe | -phobia | -phobic | -phone | -phonic | -pronged | -raiser | -resistant | -rimmed | -roomed | -ry | -saving | -scape | -scope | -scopic(al) | -scopy | -seater | -sexed | -shaped | -ship | -shooter | -shy | -sick | -sided | -sighted | -sion | -sized | -skinned | -skulled | -sleeved | -soled | -some | -sounding | -speak | -sphere | -spheric (also -spherical) | -spirited | -spoken | -stemmed | -ster | -suited | -syllabled | -tailed | -tasting | -tempered | -th | -throated | -tiered | -tion | -toned | -tongued | -ure | -voiced | -waisted | -ward | -wards (also esp US -ward) | -ways | -wheeled | -wheeler | -wide | -willed | -wise | -witted | -woman | -worthy | -xion | -y | -y (also -ey)
the ,South
Pole | the ,SupremeBeing | the Almighty | the Antarctic | the Antarctic Circle | the Arctic | the Arctic Circle | the Ark of the Covenant | the Authorized Version | the Black Country | the Black Death | the Blessed | the Blessed Sacrament | the British | the British Isles | the Broads | the Bronze Age | the Christian Era | the Church of England | the Civil Service | the Common Market (also the European EconomicCommunity) | the Communist Party | the Conservative Party | the Coptic Church | the Corn Laws | the Dark Ages | the Dark Continent | the East End | the Eastern Bloc | the English Channel (also the Channel) | the Eternal City | the European Economic Community (abbr 缩写 EEC) | the Far East | the Far West | the First World War (also World War I) | the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (abbr 缩写 FCO) | the Grand National | the Great Bear | the Great Lakes | the Great War | the Green Party | the Gulf Stream | the Holy City | the Holy Father | the Holy Ghost | the Holy Grail | the Holy Land | the Holy See | the Holy Spirit (also the Holy Ghost) | the Home Counties | the Home Guard | the Home Office | the House of Commons (also the Commons) | the House of Lords (also the Lords) | the House of Representatives | the Houses of Parliament | the Immaculate Conception | the Industrial Revolution | the Infinite | the Iron Age | the Iron Curtain | the Jolly Roger | the Last Judgement | the Last Supper | the Metropolitan Police (also the Met) | the Middle Ages | the Middle East | the Middle West | the Midlands | the Midwest | the Milky Way | the National Debt | the New Testament | the New World | the North Country | the North Pole | the Old Testament | the Old World | the Olympic Games | the Open University | the Orthodox Church (also The Eastern Orthodox Church) | the Peak District | the Pilgrim Fathers (also the Pilgrims) | the Pleistocene | the Pliocene | the Press Association (abbr 缩写 PA) | the Queen’s English | the Redeemer | the Revised Standard Version | the Roman alphabet | the Security Council | the Social and Liberal Democrats (abbr 缩写 SLD) | the Son of God, the Son of Man | the Spanish Main | the Stars and Stripes | the State Department | the Stone Age | the Supreme Court | the Supreme Soviet | the Union Jack (also the Union flag) | the United Kingdom (abbr 缩写 (the) UK) | the United Nations (abbr 缩写 (the) UN) | the United States (of America) (abbrs 缩写 (the) US, USA) | the Upper Chamber (also the Upper House) | the West Country | the West End | the White House | the Wild West | thewomen's movement | the absolute | the accused | the ancients | the armed forces, the armed services | the assured | the beau monde | the bereaved | the blind | the body politic | the burden of proof | the class struggle (also the class war) | the damned | the deceased | the deep South | the departed | the dispossessed | the dog-star | the elect | the electric chair | the evening star | the fair sex | the faithful | the fallen | the few | the fine print | the first person | the foregoing | the former | the front bench | the front line | the generation gap | the golden mean | the gripes | the handicapped | the high jump | the high sea (also the high seas) | the holy of holies | the home front | the home straight (also esp US the home stretch) | the homeless | the human race | the impossible | the inevitable | the infirm | the initiated | the insane | the insured | the jet set | the jitters | the just | the kiss of life | the last post | the last rites | the many | the metric system | the middle distance | the midnight sun | the military | the missing | the money supply | the morning star | the next | the northern lights | the occult | the old | the old country | the old guard | the once | the open | the open sea | the open season | the oppressed | the poor | the priesthood | the rag trade | the rank and file | the ravages | the rich | the rising generation | the roadway | the sack | the sack | the safe period | the same | the sandman | the second coming | the seventh day | the small hours | the solar system | the solar year | the sterling area | the sulks | the supernatural | the synoptic gospels | the unconscious | the undermentioned | the underprivileged | the undersigned | the unemployed | the unexpected | the unwaged | the unwary | the utmost (also the uttermost) | the vitals | the weak | the wicked | the working class (also theworking classes) | the yellow press(right) up one’s street | April Fool’s Day | L/Cpl | Virginia creeper | a few | a fifth column | a gentleman’s agreement | a mite | a sword of
Damocles | agitation | askance (at sb/sth) | be taken with sb/sth | cent(i) | incompre-hensibly | lawcourt (also court of law) | like a ton of bricks | make bricks without straw | on the quiet | take the bread out of sb'smouth | will-o-the-wisp
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为什么没有mdx呢？
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