第三章 翻译是一种写作形式：表达
原链接： 读书笔记 | 非文学翻译理论与实践3
3.1 准确
3.1.1 符合原意
原文：
30元/人（内湖一圈、约30分钟……
原译：
60 yuan / person (one lap around the lake for 30 min…
改译：
Chinese visitors: 30 yuan/person; foreign visitors: 60 yuan/person.
笔记：
门票价格内外有别，若确为政策，应当明确指出。
3.1.2 用词得当
原文：
Love your skin and feel your best with smooth, vital, and elastic skin. To defy the signs of aging skin, our powerful and innovative products help preserve the skin’s youthful beauty and firmness.
原译：
爱护您的肌肤，让肌肤变得光滑、有活力、有弹性，展现您的最美风采。为了抵挡岁月痕迹，我们强有力的创新产品帮助保护肌肤的年轻美丽和硬度。
改译：
爱护您的肌肤，让肌肤变得光滑、有活力、有弹性，展现您的最美风采。为了抵挡岁月痕迹，我们强有力的创新产品帮助保护肌肤的年轻美丽和紧致。
笔记：
专有名词需查证行业平行文本。
原文：
本标准代替 GB/T35273—2017《信息安全技术个人信息安全规范》，与 GB/T35273—2017 相比，除编辑性修改外主要技术变化如下：……
原译：
This standard replaces GB/T 35273-2017 Information security technology — Personal information security specification. In addition to anumber of editorial changes, the following technical deviations have beenmade with respect to the GB/T 35273-2017 (the previous edition).
改译：
This standard supersedes GB/T 35273-2017 Information securityechnology-Personal information security specification. In addition to anumber of editorial changes, the following technical revisions have beenmade with respect to the previous edition.
笔记：
专有名词需查证行业平行文本。
原文：
个人信息保护政策应公开发布且易于访问，例如，在网站主页、移动互联网应用程序安装页、附录C中的交互界面或设计等显著位置设置链接。
原译：
The PI protection policy shall be publicly released and easily accessible,for example, a link at an eye-catching place on a website homepage, annstallation page of a mobile-Internet application (APP), or an interface orinteractive design included in Annex C.
改译：
The PI protection policy shall be made publicly available, for example, through its prominent display on a homepage, an APP installation page, or an interface or interactive design under Annex C.
笔记：
- 非文学翻译一般采用正式文体。
- 专有名词需查证行业平行文本。
原文：
据不完全统计，从1921年到1949年，我们党领导的革命队伍中，有名可查的烈士就达370多万名。
原译：
According to incomplete statistics, there were more than 3.7 million martys who had names in the revolutionary troops of the CPC from 1921 to 1949.
改译：
According to incomplete statistics, from 1921 to 1949, there weremore than 3.7 million identifiable martyrs in the revolutionary forces ledby the Communist Party of China.
笔记：
- 直译易产生歧义，可考虑转化表达方法。
- 表达方式是否地道，可查证语料库。
原文：
确保安全——具备与所面临的安全风险相匹配的安全能力，并采取足够的管理措施和技术手段，保护个人信息的保密性、完整性、可用性。
原译：
Security assurance-have the security capabilities that matchpotential security risks and adopt sufficient administrative and technicalmeasures to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of PI.
改译：
Security. PI Controllers shall possess security capabilities that matchpotential security risks and adopt adequate administrative and technicameasures to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of PI.
笔记：
有些概念来自国外， 翻译时回译为国外概念，不另起炉灶。
原文：
国际临床评价指标同样认为，对于新冠肺炎轻症患者，真正反映疗效的关键指标是转重率。 “中医药治疗发挥的核心作用正是有效降低转重率，特别是在早期介入，能显著降低轻症病人发展为重症病人的机率。”张伯礼说。
原译：
International clinical evaluation indicators also believe that forpatients with new coronary pneumonia, the key indicator that truly reflectsthe efficacy is this severeness conversion rate. "The core role playedby Chinese medicine treatment is to effectively reduce the severeness conversion rate, especially in carly intervention, which can significantlyreduce the incidences of mild patients developing into severe patients,"said Zhang Boli.
改译：
International clinical evaluation indicators also suggest that the keyindicator on the effect of treatment for COVID-19 is the severe progression rate. “The core role of TCM treatment is precisely to reduce this rate Through early intervention, TCM is able to significantly reduce theincidences of mild cases developing into severe ones,” said Zhang Boli.
笔记：
专有名词需查证行业平行文本。
3.1.3 突出重点
原文：
These working groups, composed of senior colleagues from relevant Sectors and areas in WIPO, have met regularly since that time. While they are progressing in their respective areas, the issues with which they are dealing are often complex and interconnected and their deliberations are ongoing.
原译：
这些工作组由WIPO有关部门和地区的资深员工组成，自组建起定期会面。虽然各工作组各有分工，但处理的问题往往复杂且相互联系，需要不断进行商议。
改译：
这些工作组由世界知识产权组织有关部门和领域的资深同事组成，自组建起定期会面。虽然各工作组均取得进展，但涉及的问题往往错综复杂，所以还在不断讨论中。
笔记：
每句话都有一个重点，翻译时要抓住这个重点，并突出呈现出来，通常是将其置于句末。
3.1.4 表达到位
原文：
In the course of the examination, the authority may grow the variety or carry out other necessary tests, cause the growing of the variety or the carrying out of other necessary tests, or take into account the results of growing tests or other trials which have already been carried out.
原译：
审查过程中，可以种植该品种或进行其他必要试验，或要求种植该品种或进行其他必要试验，或对其他试验的结果予以考虑。
改译：
审查中，受理主管机关可种植该品种或进行其他必要测试，委托他人种植该品种或进行其他必要测试，或考虑现有种植测试结果或其他试验结果。
笔记：
句子的意思要清晰传达出来，不能含混不清。
3.1.5 当心歧义
原文：
国内首家外资控股飞机维修企业落地运营。
原译：
The first forcign-holding aircraft maintenance company in China has landed in Beijing and started operation.
改译：
The first foreign-held (-controlled) aircraft maintenance company in China has landed in Beijing and started operation.
笔记：
当心译文可能存在的歧义。
原文：
在验证个人信息主体身份后，应及时响应个人信息主体基于8.1~8.6提出的请求。
原译：
After verifying the identity of a PI Subject, the PI Controller shall make a timely response to the request of the PI Subject in accordance with 8.1-8.6.
改译：
After verifying the identity of a PI Subject, the PI Controller shall promptly respond to the PI Subject’s request under 8.1-8.6.
笔记：
当心译文可能存在的歧义。
3.1.6 当心“假朋友”
原文：
操场
原译：
playground
改译：
field
笔记：
所谓“假朋友 ”（false friends），是指两种语言（或方言）之间看起来 形态相同或相似，但实际上意思不同、不完全相同甚至相去甚远的一对词。
原文：
“四风”——形式主义、官僚主义、享乐主义、奢靡之风
原译：
Four Undesirable Working Styles — formalism, bureaucracy/bureaucratism, hedonism and extravagance.
改译：
Four Undesirable Phenomena — form over substance, red tape, inertia, and wastefulness.
官方原文：
坚决防止和反对个人主义、分散主义、自由主义、本位主义、好人主义，坚决防止和反对宗派主义、圈子文化、码头文化。
官方译文：
guard against and oppose self-centered behavior, decentralism, behavior in disregard of the rules, a silo mentality, unprincipled nice-guyism, and sectarianism, factionalism, and patronage.
笔记：
译者必须时刻警惕，对有疑问的译法，要反复查证，确信无疑后再用。
3.1.7 括号位置正确
原文：
个人信息控制者业务运营所使用的信息系统，具备自动决策机制且能对个人信息主体权益造成显著影响的（例如，自动决定个人征信及贷款额度，或用于面试人员的自动化筛选等）应……
原译:
For the information systems used in business operations of a PI Controller, which has an automatic decision-making mechanism and can have a significant impact on the legitimate rights and interests of PI Subjects (e.g. automatically determining personal credit and loan amount, or being used for automated screening of candidates), the PI Controller shall …
改译：
Where the information system used in business operations of a PI Controller has an automatic decision-making mechanism (e.g. automatically determining personal credits and loan amounts, or automatically
screening interview candidates) that may have a significant impact on the legitimate rights and interests of PI Subjects, the PI Controller shall …
笔记：
- 要正确判断括号的修饰关系，确保经过翻译，括号仍然被置于适当的位置。
- 即使原文括号位 置不当，译文也应当纠正。
3.2 通顺
3.2.1 写作视角
原文：
We headed for the food hall. “I’m not feeding my children Kobe beef or Russian caviar,” I muttered as I swerved us past heavy marble counters groaning under the weight of gleaming ice crystals and a meat counter offering a platter of “baby chicken, half duck, lamb cutlets and Merguez sausage” for £100.
不太流畅的译文:
我们朝美食馆走去。“我是不会给我的孩子吃神户牛肉或是俄罗斯鱼子酱的。”当我们急转弯经过因承受着闪烁的冰晶重量而呻吟作响的沉重的大理石柜台，和一个提供一种要价一百英镑的“雏鸡，半只鸭子，羊排和梅尔盖兹肉肠”套餐的肉类柜台时，我小声地咕哝道。
符合汉语叙事方式的译文1:
我们来到餐饮区。“我可不给孩子吃什么神户牛肉或者俄罗斯鱼子酱。”我一边嘟囔一边把一家子从沉沉的大理石柜台旁引开，那亮闪闪的冰晶把柜台压得喘不过气来。又经过一个肉食柜合，柜台上标着：装盘“童子鸡、半只鸭、小羊排和北非牛羊肉肠”，售价100英镑，于是我们转身离开。
符合汉语叙事方式的译文2:
我们朝着美食厅走去。“我才不会给孩子吃什么神户牛肉、俄罗斯鱼子酱”，我一边低声咕着，一边领着家人绕开那些沉甸甸的大理石柜台，下面堆砌的碎冰块儿闪闪发亮，压得柜台暗自呻吟。一个肉制品柜台上，摆了一盘“嫩鸡肉、半份鸭、羊排、北非风味香肠”，售价100英镑。
笔记：
译者可以在融会贯通的基础上，不受原文形态的束缚，重新写作。
3.2.2 符合语法
原文：
显著区分的方式包括但不限于：标明“定推”等字样，或通过不同的栏目、版块、页面分别展示等。
原译：
Significant distinction includes but is not limited to: mark words such as “push”, and display in different columns, sections, or on different pages.
改译：
Methods for prominent distinction include but are not limited to: indicating with words such as “push”, and displaying in different columns,sections, or on different pages.
笔记：
符合语法是翻译的基本要求，包括单复数、动词形态、句型、搭配等。
原文：
个人信息主体注销账户后，应及时删除其个人信息或匿名化处理。
原译：
After a PI Subject de-registers, his/her PI shall be deleted or ano-nymized timely.
改译：
After a PI Subject de-registers, his/her PI shall be deleted or ano-nymized promptly.
原文：
确因工作需要，需授权特定人员超权限处理个人信息的，应经个人信息保护责任人或个人信息保护工作机构进行审批，并记录在册。
原译：
Where the job requires to authorize a particular person to process the PI beyond his/her access, it shall be approved by the person or the department responsible for PI protection, and it shall be documented.
改译：
Where the job requires a particular person to process the PI beyond his/her access, authorization shall be made by the person or the depart-ment responsible for PI protection and shall be documented.
原文：
发布个人信息保护政策是个人信息控制者遵循公开透明原则的重要体现，是保证个人信息主体知情权的重要手段，还是约束自身行为和配合监督管理的重要机制。
原译：
A published PI protection policy is an important manifestation of the PI Controller followin the principle of openness and transparency, an important means to ensure PI Subjects’ right to know, and an important mechanism that restricts the PI Controller’s behavior and cooperates with supervision and administration.
3.2.3 逻辑清晰
官方原文：
近年来，全球气候变暖，北极冰雪融化加速。在经济全球化、区域一体化不断深入发展的背景下，北极在战略、经济、科研、环保、航道、资源等方面的价值不断提升，受到国际社会的普遍关注。
官方译文：
Global warming in recent years has accelerated the melting of ice and snow in the Arctic region. As economic globalization and regional integration further develops and deepens, the Arctic is gaining global significance for its rising strategic, economic values and those relating to scientific research, environmental protection, sea passages, and natural resources.
笔记：
汉语属于意合语言，各小句都呈现并列结构，翻译时可能需要以一定的语法手段，把句间关系明确表达出来。
官方原文：
北极问题已超出北极国家间问题和区域问题的范畴，涉及北极域外国家的利益和国际社会的整体利益，攸关人类生存与发展的共同命运，具有全球意义和国际影响。
官方译文：
The Arctic situation now goes beyond its original inter-Arctic States or regional nature, having a vital bearing on the interests of States outside the region and the interests of the international community as a whole,as well as on the survival, the development, and the shared future for mankind. It is an issue with global implications and international impacts.
3.2.4 主语相对一致
原文：
In other words, if a patent has not been granted in a given country, the invention will not be protected in that country. That means that anyone can make, use, import or sell your invention in that country.
原译：
换言之，如果一个国家没有授予专利，发明就不会在该国受到保护。这意味着任何人都可以在那个国家制造、使用、进口或销售你的发明。
改译：
换言之，如果你的发明没有在某个国家获得专利，就得不到该国的保护。这意味着该国任何人都可以制造、使用、进口或销售你发明的产品。
笔记：
译者必须时刻提醒自己：如果我不是在翻译，而是在写作，会不会这么说？这个问题不仅会帮助自己发现逻辑不通之处（如有，则可能是理解错误），还可以帮助自己发现语言表达的不当之处。
原文：
- Registration: Once it has been determined that there are no grounds for refusal, the trademark is registered and a registration certificate issued. The certificate is generally valid for 10 years. Registrations can be renewed indefinitely upon payment of a renewal fee.
原译：
- 注册：一旦确定不存在驳国的理由后，商标就会给予注册并颁发注册证书。该证书有效期一般为 10年，可在缴纳续展费后无限期延续。
改译：
- 注册：一旦商标局确定不存在驳回的理由，就会注册商标并颁发注册证书。注册证书有效期一般为10年，可通过缴纳续展费无限次续延。
原文：
The Chicago school, built on the work of Aaron Director, an economist from the mid-20th century, reached its zenith in the writing of the legal scholars Robert Bork and Richard Posner.
原译：
芝加哥学派建立在亚伦·戴雷科特的研究的基础之上，他是一位20世纪中叶的经济学家。芝加哥学派达到顶峰是在罗伯特·伯克和理查德·波斯纳的著作中。
改译：
芝加哥学派发轫于20世纪中叶经济学家亚伦·戴雷科特的研究，通过法学家罗伯特·伯克和理查德·波斯纳的著述达到顶峰。
3.2.5 少用不定式
原文：
采用交互式页面（如网站、移动互联网应用程序、客户端软件等）提供产品或服务的,宜直接设置便捷的交互式页面提供功能或选项，便于个人信息主体在线行使其访问、更正、删除、撤回授权同意、注销账户等权利。
原译：
If a product or service is provided through an interactive interface (e.g.website, mobile-Internet application (APP), and client software), the PI Controller should set up a convenient interactive page to provide functions or options, so that PI Subjects could exercise online their rights such as access to and rectification & deletion of PI, consent withdrawal and de-registration.
改译：
If a product or service is provided through an interactive interface (e.g.a website, a mobile-Internet application (APP), or a client software), the PI Controller should set up a convenient interactive page that provides func-tions or options for PI Subjects to exercise online their rights such as access to and rectification & deletion of PI, consent withdrawal and de-registration.
笔记：
有时可以用定语从句代替不定式，改进句子的逻辑关系。
原文：
注销过程不应设置不合理的条件或提出额外要求增加个人信息主体义务，如注销单个账户视同注销多个产品或服务，要求个人信息主体填写精确的历史操作记录作为注销的必要条件等。
原译：
The de-registration process shall not impose unreasonable condi-tions or make additionalruirntst ireasthe obligation of the PI Subject, such as stipulating that the de-registration of a single account is deemed de-registration from multiple products or services, or requiring the PI Subject to provide accurate operating records as a necessary condition for the cancellation.
改译：
The de-registration process shall not impose unreasonable conditions or make additional requirements that inerease the obligation of the Pl Sub-ject, such as stipulating that the de-registration of a single account is deemed de-registration from multiple products or services, or requiring the PI Subject to provide accurate operating records as a precondition for cancellation.
3.2.6 避免中式英文
原文：
《地铁服务指南》
原译：
THE SERVICE GUIDE OF METRO
改译：
SUBWAY GUIDE / GUIDE TO SUBWAY
笔记：
表达方式是否地道，可查证语料库。
原文：
个人信息保护政策的内容应清晰易懂，符合通用的语言习惯，使用标准化的数字、图示等，避免使用有歧义的语言。
原译：
The content of PI protection policy shall be clear & understandable,comply with common language habits, use standardized figures and dia-grams, and avoid ambiguous language.
改译：
The PI protection policy shall use common language that is easily under-standable, use standard figures & diagrams, and avoid ambiguous language
原文：
张伯礼对于这个结果挺满意。“事实证明对于新冠肺炎轻症患者，用中药完全可以达到治疗目的。”
原译：
Zhang Boli was quite satisfied with these results. “It turns out that, for patients with new coronary pneumonia, Chinese medicine can completely meet the goal of medical treatment.”
改译：
Zhang Boli was quite satisfied with these results. "It turns out that pa-tients with COVID-19 can be effectively treated with Chinese medicine,"he noted.
笔记：
避免将中文的用词、搭配、句子结构带入英文
原文：
他对比类似条件下的108例病例后发现，西医治疗转重率在10%左右，而中西医结合治疗转重率约为 4.1%。对发热、咳嗽、乏力改善等症状，中药起效非常快，对肺部炎症的吸收和病毒转阴都有明显效果。
原译：
He compared 108 cases under similar conditions and found that the rate of severeness conversion in applying WM alone was about 10%, while the rate of severeness conversion with integrated TCM and WM regimens was about 4.1%. For the symptoms of fever, cough and fatigue improvement, Chinese medicine works very quickly, it can absorb the inflamma-tion of the lungs and shows obvious effects in turning the virus indicator negative.
改译：
He compared 108 cases under similar conditions and found that the severe progression rate in applying WM alone was about 10%, while the rate with integrated TCM and WM regimens was about 4.1%. TCM worked quickly to reduce symptoms of fever, cough and fatigue and was effective in mitigating lung inflammations and turning the virus indicator negative.
原文：
个人信息控制者开展个人信息处理活动应遵循合法、正当、必要的原则。（取自《个人信息安全规范》）
原译：
PI Controllers, in carrying out PI processing activities, shall follow the principles of lawfulness, justification and necessity.
改译：
PI Controllers shall follow the principles of lawfulness, justification, and necessity in PI processing activities.
笔记：
- 虽然法律文本中为了准确起见，可以像中文那样在主语和谓语之间插入修饰成分，但尽量少用。
- 关于如何避免中式英语，可参考 Joan Pinkham 的《中式英语之鉴》和 David Ferguson 的《我可能学的是假英语》。
3.2.7 避免欧化中文
原文：
As a general recommendation, if you intend to exploit your patent outside your country, make sure to file for protection in all the markets that interest you as early as possible.
原译：
作为总结，如果你打算在国外利用你的专利，你要尽早在你有意涉足的所有市场申请保护。
改译：
总的来说，如果你打算在国外利用专利，就要尽早在相关市场申请保护。
笔记：
代词过多。汉语不常使用代词，因此删除几个“你”“你的”。
原文：
Where and how you practice will vary depending on the area of law you specialise in. You may be working on criminal cases, where you could be defending or prosecuting in a Magistrates or Crown Court. You may also work in civil courts and employment or residential property tribunals.
原译：
根据您所擅长的法律领域，您在何处以及您如何进行执业会有所不同。您可能正在处理刑事案件，您可能在治安法庭或王室法庭进行辩护或起诉。您也可以在民事法院和劳资或住宅物业审裁处工作。
改译：
您的法律专长决定了今后的执业地点和方式。您可以专职处理刑事案件，作为辩护律师或公诉人参与治安法庭或刑事法庭的工作；也可以在民事法院、劳资或住宅物业裁判所代理诉讼。
笔记：
代词过多。
原文：
The building of wind turbines has virtually ground to a halt since subsidies were cut back. Meanwhile, compared with others in the European Union, Danes remain above-average emitters of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. For all its wind turbines, a large proportion of the rest of Denmark’s power is generated by plants that burn imported coal.
原译：
自从补贴被削减以来，风力涡轮机的建设实际上已经停止了。同时，与欧盟其他国家相比，丹麦的温室气体二氧化碳排放量仍然高于平均水平。在丹麦所有的风力涡轮机中，丹麦其余的电力很大一部分是由燃烧进口煤炭的工厂产生的。
改译：
自从丹麦政府削减补贴以来，风机建设实际上已经停止。同时，与欧盟其他国家相比，丹麦的温室气体二氧化碳排放量仍然高于平均平。尽管丹麦的风电占比颇高，但其余电力仍大部分来自燃烧进口煤炭的火电厂。
笔记：
- 被动语态过多。汉语不常用被动语态。如果勉强使用，虽然可以理解，但不符合汉语习惯。
- 译者往往需要找到施动者，改用主动形式表达。
- 施动者有时候一目了然，有时则需要在语篇之外寻找线索。
原文：
Indian scientists at TBGRI used tribal TK and know-how to develop the drugs and isolated 12 active compounds from the plant. Patents were filed, and the technology was later licensed to the AVP, an Indian manufacturer pursuing the commercialization of herbal formulations. A trust fund was established to share the benefits arising from the commercialization of the TK-based drug.
译文：
为研制这种药物，印度热带植物园研究所的科学家利用部族的传统知识和技艺，从植物中分离出12种活性化合物。研究所申请了专利，后将技术许可转让给 AVP，一家从事草药配方商业化的印度制药公司；研究所还协助部族建立了一家信托公司，来分享传统草药知识商业化所得到的利益。
原文：
As a girl, I was told football was for men. Today, the Lionesses could launch a thousand careers
原译：
《当我还是小女孩时，被告知足球是男人的运动；如今，母狮队麾下拥有上千女队员》
改译：
《20年前，足球是男人的运动；如今，母狮队麾下拥有上千女队员》
原文：
The SCT has examined in depth member states’ legislation and trademark office practice in relation to the registration of three-dimensional marks, color marks, sound marks and other types of marks, such as motion marks, position marks, hologram marks, slogans, and smell, feel and taste marks.
原译：
委员会深入审议了成员国有关立体商标、颜色商标、声音商标以及动作商标、位置商标、全息图商标、广告语、气味、触觉和味觉商标等其他各类商标的注册方面的立法和商标主管机关的做法。
改译：
SCT 深入研究了成员国有关各类商标注册的立法和商标主管机关的做法，包括立体商标、颜色商标、声音商标，以及动作商标、位置商标、全息图商标、广告语、气味、触觉和味觉商标等。
笔记：
- 英语句子结构是开放的，可以通过后置定语或状语任意延长。汉语句子是封闭的，前置定语或状语不能太长。遇到英语定语或状语从句，往往需要把句子断开。
- 关于欧化中文，建议阅读余光中的《翻译乃大道》，其中列举了很多我们不曾意识到的欧化现象。
3.2.8 表述尽量一致
原文：
Suggestive trademarks hint at the nature, quality or attributes of the product, without describing those attributes (e.g. SUNNY for marketing lamps which would hint that the product will bring light to homes). In some countries, a suggestive trademark may be considered too descriptive and as such may be rejected.
原译：
暗示性商标暗示产品的性质、质量或属性，但不对属性进行描述（例如，代表灯具的 SUNNY 暗示产品为家庭带来光明）。在一些国家，暗示性商标可能被认为过于描述性，因此有被驳回的可能。
改译：
暗示性商标仅仅暗示产品的性质、质量或属性，但不直接描述（例如，销售灯具时用 SUNNY 商标，暗示产品为家庭带来光明）。一些国家可能会认为暗示性商标描述性太强，因此可能驳回申请。
笔记：
-
赵兴民在《联合国文件翻译案例讲评》中把一致性作为一个重要的翻译标准，包括：
-
术语，专有名词，固定用语
1. 前后一致
2. 与主要参考文件一致
3. 无权威译法时，与多数同类文件一致
-
目录与正文一致
-
正文与脚注一致
-
正文与附件一致
-
阿拉伯数字和汉字数字使用规则一致
-
相同的句子/ 概念译文相同
-
引自其他文件的句子/ 短语与出处译法相同
-
在翻译外国政要或是其他重要人物姓名时，首先要考虑是否存在官方译法或权威译法：广为流传的版本＞官方来源＞权威媒体/人名辞典＞专有名词的发音和内涵。
-
同一个翻译任务中的译员一定要统稿
官方原文：
我们要大力发展社会事业。坚持优先发展教育，稳步提升全民受教育程度。坚持自主创新、重点跨越、支撑发展、引领未来的方针，完善科技创新体系和支持政策，着力推进重大科学技术突破。研究与试验发展经费支出占国内生产总值比重达到2.2%，促进科技成果更好地转化为生产力。适应现代化建设需要，加强人才培养，努力造就规模宏大的高素质人才队伍。大力加强文化建设，推动文化改革发展实现新跨越，满足人民群众不断增长的精神文化需求。大力发展体育事业。进一步深化医药卫生体制改革，健全基本医疗卫生制度，加快实现人人享有基本医疗卫生服务的目标。创新社会管理体制机制，加强社会管理法律、体制、能力建设，确保社会既充满活力又和谐稳定。
第一句：
我们要大力发展社会事业。
机翻：
We must vigorously develop social undertaking.
改译：
We will expand social service.
第二句：
坚持优先发展教育，稳步提升全民受教育程度。
机翻：
We will give priority to the development of education and steadily improve the education level of all people.
改译：
We will give priority to education and improve the education level of our nation.
第三句：
坚持自主创新、重点跨越、支撑发展、引领未来的方针，完善科技创新体系和支持政策，着力推进重大科学技术突破。
机翻：
We should adhere to the principales of independent innovation, key leapfrogging, supporting development and leading the future, improve the system of scientific and technological innovation and support policies, and strive to promote major scientific and technological breakthrough.
改译：
Under the principles of indigenous innovation, leapfrogging in priority felds, enabling development, and leading the future, we will improve the system and policy for innovation and facilitate major breakthroughs.
第四句：
研究与试验发展经费支出占国内生产总值比重达到2.2%，促进科技成果更好地转化为生产力。
MT1:
Expenditures for research and experimental development accounted for 2.2% of GDP, which promoted the conversion of scientific and technological achievements into productivity.
MT2:
Expenditure on research and experimental development accounts for 2.2% of GDP, which promotes the better transformation of scientific and technological achievements into productivity.
改译：
R&D expenditure will be increase to 2.2% of our GDP to better transform scientific and technological achievement into productivity.
第五句：
适应现代化建设需要，加强人才培养，努力造就规模宏大的高素质人才队伍。
MT1:
To meet the needs of modernization, strengthen personnel training, and strive to create a large-scale high-quality personnel team.
MT2:
Adapt to the needs of modernization, strengthen personnel training, and strive to create a large-scale high-quality talent team.
MT3:
In order to meet the needs of modernization, we should strengthen personnel training and strive to create a large-scale and high-quality talent team.
改译：
In order to meet the needs of modernization, we will strengthen training to create a large pool of high-caliber experts.
第六句：
大力加强文化建设，推动文化改革发展实现新跨越，满足人民群众不断增长的精神文化需求。大力发展体育事业。
MT1:
Vigorously strengthen cultural construction, promote cultural reform and development to achieve a new leap, and meet the growing spir-itual and cultural needs of the people.
MT2:
We should vigorously strengthen cultural construction, promote cultural reform and development, achieve new leaps, and meet the growing spiritual and cultural needs of the people.
改译：
We will strengthen cultural development and promote breakthroughs in relevant institutions to meet the growing eultural demands of the people.
第七句：
大力发展体育事业。进一步深化医药卫生体制改革，健全基本医疗卫生制度，加快实现人人享有基本医疗卫生服务的目标。
MT1:
Vigorously develop sports. Further deepen the reform of the medical and health system, improve the basic medical and health system,and accelerate the realization of the goal of everyone enjoying basic medical and health services.
MT2:
Vigorously develop sports undertakings. Further deepen the reform of the medical and health system, improve the basic medical and health system, and accelerate the realization of the goal of everyone enjoy-ing basic medical and health services.
改译：
We will develop sports. We will further reform the medical and health institutions, improve basic services, and make such services accessible to all.
第八句：
创新社会管理体制机制，加强社会管理法律、体制、能力建设，确保社会既充满活力又和谐稳定。
and
MT1:
Innovate social management systems and mechanisms, strength-en social management laws, systems, and capacity building to ensure that the society is full of vitality, harmony and stability.
MT2:
We should innovate the system and mechanism of social management, strengthen the construction of law, system and capacity of social management, and ensure that the society is full of vitality, harmony and stability.
改译:
We will innovate social management systems, including building stronger laws, institutions and management capacity to create a vibrant, harmonious and stable society.
