鑑真簡介
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv978719" key="978719"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 鑑真簡介 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv978720" key="978720"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00003','1244415',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P3</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000002"><b>鑑真簡介</b></p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">淳于</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐中宗</span><span class="zhuanming">嗣聖</span>五年（公元六八八年）出生於現在的<span class="zhuanming">江蘇省</span><span class="zhuanming">揚州市</span>。<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>在當時是一個十分繁華的城市，不但在國内政治經濟和文化上，佔着很重要的地位；在國際貿易和對外關係上，也是個重要的城市。<span class="zhuanming">唐代</span>我國佛教盛行，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>的父親就是個佛教徒，曾在當地<span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span>隨<span class="zhuanming">智滿</span>禪師受戒。<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>十四歲時，隨父親一同到<span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span>參佛，公元七○三年<a class="zhuhao" href="#3" id="1">（1）</a>，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>十六歲的時候，進<span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span>當沙彌。兩年以後，卽十八歲的時候又受了菩薩戒。替他授戒的戒和尚是當時很有名的<span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>律師，<span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>當時被譽爲天下四百餘州的“受戒之主”，也是<span class="zhuanming">唐中宗</span><span class="zhuanming">李顯</span>的授戒師。<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>受戒後，就隨<span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>學習律學，公元七○七年隨其師到達<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>。次年又到<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>，三月二十八日在<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>名刹<span class="zhuanming">實際寺</span>隨<span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>禪師受具足戒。依據當時的規定，一個佛教徒受了具足戒，才能作爲政府承認的僧侣，取得講授資格。那時<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>才二十一歲。以後五年間，他在<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>各寺潛心研究三藏，鑽討律學。公元七一三年他二十六歲時，開始講經弘法。不久他回到<span class="zhuanming">淮揚</span>故鄉弘法布道。從那時開始，到他東渡<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>時四十年中間，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>一共講律﹑疏四十遍，律鈔七十遍，輕重儀及羯磨疏各十遍。並且還在講授之間，建寺﹑造像，開無<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00004','1244415',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P4</span></i>遮大會供養十方衆僧，縫袈裟三千領送<span class="zhuanming">五台山</span>僧，抄寫《一切經》三部，各一萬一千卷，經他剃度得戒的共有四萬餘人。公元七三三年<span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>的弟子<span class="zhuanming">義威</span>律師去世以後，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>被譽爲<span class="zhuanming">江</span><span class="zhuanming">淮</span>一帶遠近知名的授戒大師。當時著名的高僧<span class="zhuanming">辯秀</span>和<span class="zhuanming">祥</span><span class="zhuanming">彦</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>等，都是<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>的弟子。</span> </p><p> <span>公元七四二年十月，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>五十五歲，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>留學僧<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>兩人從<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>到<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>來拜謁<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>。<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>是公元七三三年隨<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>大使<span class="zhuanming">多治比廣成</span>入<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>的學問僧。他們兩人入<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>的目的是延聘高僧到<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>授戒。上次遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使團回國時，他們曾招聘僧<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>和<span class="zhuanming">婆羅門</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">菩提</span>等，現在他們又來拜禮<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>，目的也是請其東渡，到<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>去傳道弘法，並担任授戒大師。當時的<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>，由於階級矛盾相當尖鋭，人民生活極爲困苦，奴隶主統治階級内部鬥争也很激烈。由於統治階級的横斂苛征，大批不堪負担的人民都紛紛逃亡。當時<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的寺院持有免賦免課的特權，因此有些人就自戒私戒爲僧，或投靠寺院當僧祗户，以逃避沉重的課役負担。所以寺院僧籍奴隶主勢力的擴展，直接打擊和影響了世俗奴隸主的利益。爲了保護世俗奴隸主的利益，當時的朝廷曾一再下令整頓，但均没有收效。再加上當時鬥争的需要，執政的貴族﹑奴隸主們想直接掌握僧籍，使之成爲他們所能利用來作爲服務的工具。因此當公元七三三年<span class="zhuanming">元興寺</span><span class="zhuanming">隆尊</span>要求<span class="zhuanming">舍人親王</span>轉奏，到<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>去聘請高僧，俾<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>也能像<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>那樣，非經三師七證不能稱爲入道，不能取得僧籍時，立刻得到了批准，並派<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>參加遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使團担任<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00005','1244415',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P5</span></i>赴<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>招聘的工作。<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>兩人雖然已請了<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>，但由於<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>威望不高，所以兩人於<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>元年（公元七四二年）卽入<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>十年後，又到<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>來敦聘<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>。那時<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>已是<span class="zhuanming">淮</span>南<span class="zhuanming">江</span>左有名的律僧，當然是招聘最好的對象。</span> </p><p> <span>兩人向<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>説明來意後，很快得到了同意，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>弟子中也有二十一人準備隨行。當時<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>朝對渡航到國外，是限制很嚴的。他們爲避免麻煩，詭稱到<span class="zhuanming">天台山</span><span class="zhuanming">國清寺</span>供奉。但不久就爲隨行的<span class="zhuanming">高麗</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">如海</span>誣告，説他們與海盗有勾結；官廳就搜查他們，捕去了<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>僧和<span class="zhuanming">道航</span>。以後雖弄清而無事釋放，但航海準備的東西給没收了，第一次就這樣以失敗告終。</span> </p><p> <span>公元七四三年十二月<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>又準備二次東渡，用鉅款向當時担任<span class="zhuanming">嶺南</span>採訪使的<span class="zhuanming">劉巨鱗</span>買了艘軍用船，又準備了不少乾粮﹑佛像﹑經疏﹑佛具﹑香料﹑藥品，還招集了些技術人員共八十五人，十二月從<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>出發。剛駛出<span class="zhuanming">長江</span>口就遭到颶風的襲擊。等船修好後第三次出發再航。到<span class="zhuanming">舟山</span>海面又觸礁，登岸三天後被救，安置到<span class="zhuanming">寧波</span><span class="zhuanming">阿育王寺</span>。此後一年多時間中，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>雖在那裏休息並到附近地區巡錫授戒；但政府當局因循當地佛徒之請，以誘使<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>出國爲名逮捕了<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>。這第三次又失敗了。</span> </p><p> <span>這種迫害没有改變<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>的決心，也感動了<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>，因此没有多少時候他們又準備第四次下海東渡，公元七四四年他們準備從<span class="zhuanming">福州</span>出發。先讓<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>帶了人到<span class="zhuanming">福州</span>去準備，然後<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>一行三十多人又以向<span class="zhuanming">天台山</span><span class="zhuanming">國清寺</span>供奉爲由，從<span class="zhuanming">寧波</span>出發，以冀到達<span class="zhuanming">天台</span>後，再秘密到<span class="zhuanming">福州</span>出發。可是正從<span class="zhuanming">天台</span>向沿<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00006','1244415',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P6</span></i>海進行時，由於<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>弟子<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>和當地諸寺三綱怕<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>年老，東渡涉海要冒險，而上書採訪使要求阻止；這樣在<span class="zhuanming">黄岩縣</span>的<span class="zhuanming">禪林寺</span>追到他們後，又被送回<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>，這第四次出海又告失敗。</span> </p><p> <span>公元七四八年，<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>兩人又到<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">崇福寺</span>拜謁<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>，再度計議東渡，於是又像五年前那樣作第五次東渡準備。六月二十七日從<span class="zhuanming">崇福寺</span>出發，到<span class="zhuanming">舟山羣島</span>停了些日子，三個月後再度駛航過海時又遇到颶風，在海中漂流十四天向西南方向到了<span class="zhuanming">海南島</span>南端的<span class="zhuanming">崖縣</span>。這樣，第五次航海又失敗了。在<span class="zhuanming">海南島</span>，一行人受到了當地佛教徒地方官<span class="zhuanming">馮崇債</span>的招待供養，並在他護送下，從<span class="zhuanming">海南島</span>回到大陸，取道<span class="zhuanming">廣西</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">廣東</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">江西</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">江蘇</span>而回<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>。這次航行中，最大的損失是，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>不但失去了敦促他東渡的日本僧<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>和所愛的弟子<span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>，而且他本人的雙目也因醫治無效而失明了。</span> </p><p> <span>公元七五三年，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>已是六十六歲的高齡了。十月，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使<span class="zhuanming">藤原清河</span>一行在原<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>留學生，當時已担任<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>朝官吏的<span class="zhuanming">阿倍仲麻吕</span>陪同下來到<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">延光寺</span>，拜禮<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚。告訴了<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使已向<span class="zhuanming">唐玄宗</span>提出要求而被拒情況，並探詢<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>本人的意見。</span> </p><p> <span>那時的<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>雖已耄齡盲目，而且還經歷過五次出海的失敗，但他仍没有灰心。終於在十月十九日離開了<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>，踏上了第六次的征程。到<span class="zhuanming">蘇州</span>後又經過一些挫折，十一月十六日才從<span class="zhuanming">揚子江</span>口的<span class="zhuanming">黄泗浦</span>駛向<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>。十二月二十日，他們所乘的船到達<span class="zhuanming">鹿兒島</span><span class="zhuanming">秋目浦</span>，正式踏上了<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>國土，完遂了<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>十<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00007','1244415',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P7</span></i>二年來的心願。而乘坐第一號船的<span class="zhuanming">藤原清河</span>和<span class="zhuanming">阿倍仲麻吕</span>却被漂到<span class="zhuanming">越南</span>，以後雖繞道到了<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>，却再也没有回到<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>。</span> </p><p> <span>公元七五四年二月四日，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>一行踏上<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>國土四十多天以後，經過太宰府﹑<span class="zhuanming">大阪</span>而到達了當時<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的首都<span class="zhuanming">奈良</span>，受到當時統治者和道俗的盛大歡迎，迎入<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>院安置。不久又替<span class="zhuanming">聖武上皇</span>等授戒，被委担任大僧都的高位和授戒傳律的大權，規定<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>僧徒非經其授戒不予承認。可是當時<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>統治階級的尊崇<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>是有目的的。他們希望通過<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>把僧尼直接控制起來。而<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>弘法的指導思想，却是想讓佛法得到更廣泛的流傳。因此在<span class="zhuanming">聖武天皇</span>死後不久，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>就被免去僧綱之任，而專事僧徒教育之責；同時一些保守勢力還誹謗﹑反對他，致使他不能不離開<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>院，而自立一個“唐律招提”以作爲他傳律弘道的根據地。後來在他和他弟子<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">如寶</span>等慘澹經營下，“唐律招提”不但收歸成官寺，而且還成了律宗的祖廟，一直到今天。而這位不辭勞瘁東渡的<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>高僧，終於在七六三年寂化，埋骨在他歷盡艱險而終於到達，並且播下了友好種子的<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>。</span> </p><p class="weizhi_zhanwei"></p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>一行對於<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>文化史﹑宗教史上究竟起了一些什麽作用呢？</span> </p><p> <span>不用説，律宗是由<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>開創的。今天<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>律宗以他爲開山祖，以<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>爲總本寺；除了南山律宗以外，在<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>宗教思想界上起很大作用的兩大動脈——<span class="zhuanming">天台宗</span>和<span class="zhuanming">真言密宗</span>的開<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00008','1244415',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P8</span></i>創，和<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>一行也是有很大關係的。從<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>東渡時所携經疏看來，其中有不少是<span class="zhuanming">天台</span>和<span class="zhuanming">真言</span>兩宗的，而<span class="zhuanming">天台</span>的開創者<span class="zhuanming">最澄</span>，<span class="zhuanming">真言密宗</span>之祖<span class="zhuanming">弘法</span>兩人在年輕時所仰以進學的，都是<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>的遺澤，因此事後他們追述中還不斷感懷這遺德。<span class="zhuanming">安藤更</span>生説<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>是個站在<span class="zhuanming">奈良</span>文化最高峰的人，同時也是替以後<span class="zhuanming">平安</span>文化開道的人。這話是很恰當的。</span> </p><p> <span>《續日本紀》説，當時<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>寺院中所用的經典，因爲都是從<span class="zhuanming">朝鮮半島</span>傳入，祇憑口口相承而傳襲下來的，所以各本間都不一樣，錯誤也多。<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>一行到達以後，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>政府就把校正經疏中的錯誤一事，委給他們。當時<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>雖已盲目，但其記憶力極强，因此就憑他的記憶，對這些經卷一一加以訂正。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">日本</span>史籍上還記載着<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>用鼻嗅的方法，把<span class="zhuanming">正倉院</span>所藏藥物一一加以辨正，並説明它的用途的事。<span class="zhuanming">江户</span>時期以前，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的藥商都還奉祀他爲始祖，這當然祇是出諸傳説。但在《日本國見在書目》中，是列有《鑑上人秘方》一項的；而在《醫心方》中也有一條，據説是<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>所傳，那當然是不一定可靠。不過從這上面也可以説明<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>方醫藥或多或少是受過<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>一行影響的。</span> </p><p> <span>但使人最感興趣的，還是<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>一行在<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>美術方面所起的作用和貢獻。我們都知道，<span class="zhuanming">奈良</span>時代在<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>美術史上是燦爛輝煌的時代，而<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>一行到來以後，<span class="zhuanming">奈良</span>後期的美術又起了一個很大的變化，把<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>美術史推進了一步。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>到<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>時，曾携有兩<span class="zhuanming">王</span>（<span class="zhuanming">羲之</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">獻之</span>）的真跡法帖，弟<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00009','1244415',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P9</span></i>子中又有寫一筆好<span class="zhuanming">王</span>字的，這對以後<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>書法界流行<span class="zhuanming">王</span>字這點是有極大關係的。<span class="zhuanming">唐代</span>在<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>民間，早就很難見到二<span class="zhuanming">王</span>真蹟了，所以帶到<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>後，極受珍視；<span class="zhuanming">孝謙天皇</span>特别在<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>大佛前作大獻物帳，把它獻給大佛。雕塑方面，像乾漆夾紵像，就是在這時由<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>他們把這技術帶到<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的<a class="zhuhao" href="#4" id="2">（2）</a>。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>的木雕羣，可以説是<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>雕刻史上的起點（當然這些木雕，並不都是那時代雕的；但有的可能是<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>弟子或隨同東渡的技術工作者指導下開始工作，而完成在後的）。建築方面也是這樣。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>的設計，多半出諸隨<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>東渡的弟子之手，有些還有記載可查，例如<span class="zhuanming">西大寺</span>的塔出諸<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>之手。<span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>的建築，怕出諸<span class="zhuanming">如寶</span>之力頗多。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">唐代</span><span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>東渡<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>，對<span class="zhuanming">中</span><span class="zhuanming">日</span>兩國人民友好和文化交流，作出了重要貢獻。今天，我們應該學習<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>這種爲<span class="zhuanming">中</span><span class="zhuanming">日</span>友好不屈不撓的獻身精神，繼承和發揚兩國人民的傳統友誼，使<span class="zhuanming">中</span><span class="zhuanming">日</span>兩國人民世世代代友好下去。</span> </p>注釋          <p> <span class="font12 xiao"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1" id="3">（1）</a>《東征傳》作十四歲出家。但《大和尚傳》作十六歲出家，這裏據此。《東征傳》中仍其舊。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 xiao"><a class="zhuhao" href="#2" id="4">（2）</a>Ernest F.Fenollosa：Epochs of Chinese and Japanese Art，London，Heinemann，1912。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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第三　日本国修治
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152477" key="1152477"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 附録 &gt; 四、鑑眞和上三異事 &gt; 第三　日本国修治 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152479" key="1152479"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00116','1244437',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P116</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000026">第三　日本国修治</p><p> <span>謂<span class="zhuanming">天平勝寶</span>六次甲午年歲二月四日入京，和上年六十九。勅使<span class="zhuanming">安宿王</span>於<span class="zhuanming">羅城門</span>外慰勞，引入<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>安置。五日，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">菩提</span>僧正及諸寺大德﹑禪師等來會慰問。六日，右大臣<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00117','1244437',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P117</span></i>大納言宰相已上官司二百餘人共來禮拜問訊。後更勅從四位上<span class="zhuanming">吉備朝臣真吉備</span>來，宣勅旨慰勞，曰：“大德和上，遠涉滄波，投此國，誠副朕意，喜慰無喻。朕造此<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>經年，欲立戒壇，充僧受戒。自有此心，日夜不忘。今和上遠來，傳流戒法，冥契朕心。自今以後，授戒傳法，一任和上弘通也。”便大和上及<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>沙門，相隨徒衆等，請入内里安置。太上天皇先請大和上，親對受菩薩之淨戒也。仍拜和上爲釋門大僧正。其<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>沙門爲律師也。<span class="zhuanming">天平寶字</span>元年中，更有别勅，加大和上之號。詔天下僧尼，皆師大和上習學戒法也。自爾以來，二百五十戒授與此土佛弟子。時有四方來學者，緣無供養，多有退還。同年十一月廿三日勅賜<span class="zhuanming">備前國</span>水田一百町，充十方僧供料，一聽大和上處分之。三年八月三日有恩勅，以薨<span class="zhuanming">新田部親王</span>舊家施之。大和上卽以此地奉爲聖朝造僧伽藍，其號稱<span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>。卽大和上聞此國行事者，寺家雖有衆供，而不通外來僧；亦客僧供雖開三日分，若不相識，終不資供。由是塞十方僧路，行人爲此辛苦。大和上發願，奉爲代代聖朝開廣大福田，别立十方僧往來修道之處；設無遮供，及時日望寺向堂，不簡僧沙彌，不論斗升，兼及資供。准<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span><span class="zhuanming">鷄頭末寺</span>，<span class="zhuanming">大唐</span><span class="zhuanming">五台山</span><span class="zhuanming">華嚴清涼寺</span>，<span class="zhuanming">衡</span></span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">考</span>衡下經本有陽字</span> <span><span class="zhuanming">岳寺</span>將</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">考</span>行帝本作仍</span> <span>之。亦如仁王經所説，不立官籍，若貫籍録衆僧，我法隨滅；但修六和同崇，如水乳之。是故十方行者共住此伽藍，住持佛法，鎮護國家，然後彼授戒儀式，迄至今時。經數年而尚爲一道無别異矣，惟和上住持當契於佛意趣。於<span class="zhuanming">大唐</span><span class="zhuanming">日本</span>兩朝與</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">考</span>恐爲而字</span> <span>其流法唯一，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00118','1244437',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P118</span></i>亦更無别岐矣。然後七年，歲次癸卯春三月，大和上語諸弟子云，吾從遷化，不過今夏；汝等當勉行道勿致懈惰。是年五月，端坐奄歸大寂，春秋七十有八。臨終之時，摩弟子<span class="zhuanming">如寶</span>頂云，垂至廿年，此<span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>方蒙時蔭，記弟子之</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">考</span>之恐爲云字</span> <span>爾。後如大和上教，至<span class="zhuanming">寶龜</span>七年五月廿一日，降恩勅，施入<span class="zhuanming">播磨國</span>封户□□□充修理之資，令造寺供僧，年歲不絶。其封令移<span class="zhuanming">甲斐國</span>，是<span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>之由也。始大和上之世迄及三箇代</span> <span class="font12 zhu">大和上弟子<span class="zhuanming">如寶</span>，<span class="zhuanming">如寶</span>弟子<span class="zhuanming">豐安</span>。</span> <span>□□□改彼本迹，伏維當今陛下至誠授三寶□□□無限之德所致。昌化之仁所照也。敬録顯<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>行事。沙門<span class="zhuanming">豐安</span>誠恐誠惶，上表以聞。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">天長</span>八年六月十一日少僧都傳燈大法師位<span class="zhuanming">豐安</span>上書</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">考</span>書，經本作表。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">保延</span>七年二月廿日於燈下書寫了<span class="zhuanming">仁和寺</span><span class="zhuanming">慧什</span>阿闍棃本也。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">文政</span>二年閏四月日以<span class="zhuanming">東寺</span><span class="zhuanming">觀智院</span>所藏<span class="zhuanming">保延</span>古本寫之</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">檢校　保已一</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據《大日本佛教全書本》，<span class="zhuanming">高楠順次郎</span>考）</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">按：帝本指帝國大學本，經本指《經濟雜誌》社本。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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作者及版本簡介
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv946683" key="946683"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 作者及版本簡介 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152501" key="1152501"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00010','1244416',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P10</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000004"><b>《唐大和上東征傳》作者及版本簡介</b></p><p> <span>《唐大和上東征傳》（以下簡稱《東征傳》）是到目前爲止所能見到的，有關<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚史料中最完整和最翔實的原始資料，也是<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>代<span class="zhuanming">中</span><span class="zhuanming">日</span>交通關係史上最早的詳細記録。但是由於這本書是在一千二百多年以前在<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>撰述的，那時只能靠着輾轉傳抄保存下來，因此抄録上的遺漏﹑錯誤就在所難免，有的還有竄改和增删的情況。今天我們所能見到的《東征傳》的傳本不止一種，其緣故就在這裏。在這許多傳本中，不但在文字上還有很大程度的相異﹑出入；甚至書名也不完全相同。爲了恢復其原來面目，摒除一些由後人妄增或竄改的文字，有必要對本書作出仔細的校勘。現在本書校勘之前，先將本書作者及版本情況，作一大概的介紹於下。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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五、鑑眞年表
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152527" key="1152527"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 附録 &gt; 五、鑑眞年表 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152528" key="1152528"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00119','1244438',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P119</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000027"><b>五﹑鑑眞年表</b></p><table><tbody><tr><td colspan="3" style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>年份</span> </p> </td><td colspan="2" style="border:1px solid;"> <span>鑑真</span> </td><td rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>參考事項</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>公元</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>中國</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>日本</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>年齡</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>有關事項</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">688</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">嗣聖</span>5年</span> </p> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">周</span><span class="zhuanming">垂拱</span>4年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">朱鳥</span>2年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">1</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>生於<span class="zhuanming">揚州江陽縣</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">淳于</span>。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>時<span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>55歲，<span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>35歲。（<span class="zhuanming">中</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">690</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>7年</span> </p> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">周</span><span class="zhuanming">天授</span>元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>4年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">3</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>十月置<span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span>。（中）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">701</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">周</span><span class="zhuanming">長安</span>元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">大寶</span>元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">14</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>請其父允其出家，許之。就<span class="zhuanming">智滿</span>禪師在<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span>爲沙彌。（<span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span>後改<span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>；《大和尚傳》作十六出家，此依《東征傳》。）</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">周</span><span class="zhuanming">則天后</span>詔天下諸州度僧。（<span class="zhuanming">中</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">702</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>2年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>2年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">15</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>第七次遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使出發。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> <p> <span>大寶律令頒佈。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">705</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">神龍</span>元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">慶雲</span>2年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">18</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>從南山宗道岸律師受菩薩戒。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">707</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">景龍</span>元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>4年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">20</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>杖錫<span class="zhuanming">東都</span>，入<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>二月，勅改諸州<span class="zhuanming">中興</span>寺﹑觀爲龍興。（<span class="zhuanming">中</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00120','1244438',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P120</span></i> <p> <span><span class="song">708</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>2年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">和銅</span>元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">21</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>在<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">實際寺</span>就<span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>律師受具足戒，並隨<span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>巡游<span class="zhuanming">西京</span>，自此以後，學習道宣《四分律行事鈔》《羯磨疏》﹑《量處輕重儀》及<span class="zhuanming">法勵</span>《四分律疏》。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>八月，鑄<span class="zhuanming">和銅</span>開珍銅錢。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">713</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">開元</span>元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>6年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">26</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>開始講授律疏。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">714</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>2年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>7年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">27</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>正月，置左右教坊，淘汰僧尼，以僞妄還俗者萬二千餘人。（中）</span> </p> <p> <span>七月，禁百官家與僧尼往返。（<span class="zhuanming">中</span>）</span> </p> <p> <span>禁人鑄佛寫經。（<span class="zhuanming">中</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">717</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>5年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">養老</span>元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">30</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>四月，禁僧徒濫惡。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> <p> <span>第八次遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使出發。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00121','1244438',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P121</span></i> <p> <span><span class="song">718</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>6年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>2年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">31</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>講《行事鈔》《量處輕重儀》。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>養老律令成。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">720</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>8年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>4年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">33</span></span> </p> </td><td rowspan="3" style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>在這一段時間中，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>先後在<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>講授《四分律》及疏40遍，《律鈔》70遍，《輕重儀》及《羯磨疏》各10遍。</span> </p> <p> <span>修三學，博達五乘，并造立寺舍，塑造佛像，縫納袈裟，開無遮大會，設悲田，立敬田，寫經，度人逾四萬。<span class="zhuanming">江</span><span class="zhuanming">淮</span>持戒律者，尊爲授戒大師。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>開始授僧尼公驗。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">722</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>10年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>6年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">35</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>淡海三船（元開）生。（日）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">733</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>21年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">天平</span>5年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">46</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>四月，第九次遣唐使出發。榮叡﹑普照隨行。八月到蘇州。（日）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">734</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>22年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>6年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">47</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>十一月，第九次遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使部分回國。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">736</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>24年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>8年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">49</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>七月，第九次遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>副使<span class="zhuanming">中臣名代</span>等回國，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>僧</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00122','1244438',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P122</span></i> <p> <span><span class="song">736</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>24年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>8年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">49</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>及<span class="zhuanming">菩提僊那</span>受聘隨行至<span class="zhuanming">日</span>。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">740</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>28年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>12年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">53</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>六月，令諸國寫《法華經》九部，造七重塔。<span class="zhuanming">藤原廣嗣</span>亂。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">741</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>29年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>13年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">54</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>三月，令諸國建造國分寺，國分尼寺。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">742</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>14年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">55</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>十月，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使學問僧<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>與<span class="zhuanming">西京安國寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">道航</span>等同赴<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">大明寺</span>，拜謁<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>，具述來意，請其東渡弘法。<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>承諾，並徵求其徒衆意見，願隨行者有21人，開始作東渡準備。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00123','1244438',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P123</span></i> <p> <span><span class="song">743</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>2年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>15年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">56</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>四月，第一次法難。因隨行從僧<span class="zhuanming">高麗</span><span class="zhuanming">如海</span>的誣報，官府拘捕<span class="zhuanming">日</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>及唐僧<span class="zhuanming">道航</span>。以後事情雖弄清，但船被没收，渡海計劃遂告失敗。</span> </p> <p> <span>十二月，又準備第二次出發，隨行者除<span class="zhuanming">日</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>外，尚有僧徒17名，並隨有畫家﹑彫刻家等藝術家和造寺﹑鐫碑等技術人員，都達85人。出發後因受風浪打擊，船破，人上岸。修復後，第三次出駛，到<span class="zhuanming">舟山</span>海面又觸礁。人暫上岸，至<span class="zhuanming">明</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>十月，造金銅大佛。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>建立。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00124','1244438',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P124</span></i> <p> <span><span class="song">743</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>2年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">15</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">56</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">州</span><span class="zhuanming">阿育王寺</span>。第三次渡航又以失敗告終。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">744</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>3載</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>16年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">57</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>第三次航海失敗後，一行暫居<span class="zhuanming">明州</span><span class="zhuanming">阿育王寺</span>，附近諸州聞知<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>到來，紛紛來請講律。大和尚依次巡游<span class="zhuanming">越州</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">杭州</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">湖州</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宣州</span>等地講律授戒。由於<span class="zhuanming">越州</span>僧的告發，以<span class="zhuanming">日</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>誘<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>東渡，故官方又拘捕<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>入獄。</span> </p> <p> <span>冬，大和尚以<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>兩人爲求法故，歷盡艱辛而終不稍退。欽佩他們的志向，所以東渡弘法的決心益堅</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>開始鑄造東<span class="zhuanming">大寺</span>大佛（749年鑄成。）（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00125','1244438',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P125</span></i> <p> <span><span class="song">744</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>3載</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>16年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">57</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>又準備第四次渡航。派<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>到<span class="zhuanming">福州</span>辦糧買船；想在<span class="zhuanming">福州</span>下船，以避開業經知道他們準備東渡的<span class="zhuanming">江</span><span class="zhuanming">淮</span>一帶官府耳目。但又因爲其弟子<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>及<span class="zhuanming">揚</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">淮</span>等地諸寺三綱之請，採訪使派人依次追踪，到<span class="zhuanming">黄岩縣</span><span class="zhuanming">禪林寺</span>被追回，押送回籍。第四次又告失敗。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">745</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>4載</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>17年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">58</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>爲<span class="zhuanming">杭州</span><span class="zhuanming">靈隱寺</span><span class="zhuanming">辯秀</span>授戒。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>任<span class="zhuanming">行基</span>爲大僧正。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">748</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>7載</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>20年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">61</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>春，<span class="zhuanming">日</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>自<span class="zhuanming">福建</span><span class="zhuanming">同安</span>到<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">崇福寺</span>見<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>。又作東渡準備。六月二十七日自<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">新河</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00126','1244438',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P126</span></i> <p> <span><span class="song">748</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>7載</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>20年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">61</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>乘舟出發，到<span class="zhuanming">越州</span><span class="zhuanming">三塔山</span>停住一月後，再出航又遇颶風，在海上漂流十四日，幾經辛苦才到達<span class="zhuanming">海南島</span>南端。第五次航海又失敗。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>750 </span> </p> <p> <span>751 </span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>9載 </span> </p> <p> <span>10載 </span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">天平勝寶</span></span> </p> <p> <span>2載</span> </p> <p> <span>3載 </span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">63</span></span> </p> <p> <span>64 </span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>從<span class="zhuanming">海南</span>經<span class="zhuanming">雷州半島</span>，繞<span class="zhuanming">廣西</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">廣東</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">江西</span>而北返。途中，<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>寂化於<span class="zhuanming">端州</span>，<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>别，<span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>逝，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>本人也失明，經<span class="zhuanming">大庾嶺</span>北返。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>750年九月任<span class="zhuanming">藤原清河</span>爲第十次遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>大使，<span class="zhuanming">大伴胡麿</span>爲副使。次年十一月又任<span class="zhuanming">吉備真備</span>爲遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>副使。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">752</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>11載</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>4年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">65</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>閏三月，第十次遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使出發。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> <p> <span>四月，<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>大佛行開光式。（日）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00127','1244438',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P127</span></i> <p> <span><span class="song">753</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>12載</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>5年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">66</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>十月十五日，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>大使<span class="zhuanming">藤原清河</span>等一行至<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">延光寺</span>訪<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>，迎大和尚東渡弘法授戒，並説明其已向<span class="zhuanming">唐朝</span>廷申請受阻情況，請其自行決定。</span> </p> <p> <span>十月十九日，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>一行離<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>，到<span class="zhuanming">蘇州</span>略受挫折後，坐副使<span class="zhuanming">大伴胡麿</span>船十一月十六日從<span class="zhuanming">黄泗浦</span>發，十二月十日到達<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">薩摩國秋妻屋浦</span>。二十六日入太宰府。歷時十二載備嘗艱辛的弘法初衷，終於實現。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00128','1244438',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P128</span></i> <p> <span><span class="song">754</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>13載</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>6年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">67</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>二月四日，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>一行到達當時<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>首都<span class="zhuanming">奈良</span>，備受僧俗朝野歡迎。</span> </p> <p> <span>四月，在<span class="zhuanming">奈良</span><span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>大佛前立戒壇，爲<span class="zhuanming">聖武上皇</span>，<span class="zhuanming">光明太后</span>，<span class="zhuanming">孝謙天皇</span>等授戒。<span class="zhuanming">靈福</span>等已受過戒的日僧，也紛紛捨舊戒而從大和尚受新戒。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>一月﹑四月，第十次遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使的第三﹑第四船回國，惟大使<span class="zhuanming">藤原清河</span>及<span class="zhuanming">阿倍仲麻吕</span>所乘第一船，則遇風漂至<span class="zhuanming">越</span>南，始終未返。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">755</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>14年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>7歲</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">68</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>九月，<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span><span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>成立，由<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>担任戒和上，授具足戒。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">安禄山</span>亂。（<span class="zhuanming">中</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">756</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">至德</span>元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>8歲</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">69</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>五月二十四日鑑真爲大僧都，六月，<span class="zhuanming">日</span>朝廷以太政官牒名義，決定在<span class="zhuanming">聖武上皇</span>死後，將其供奉</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00129','1244438',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P129</span></i> <p> <span><span class="song">756</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">至德</span>元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>8歲</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">69</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>之米﹑鹽等轉充<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法榮</span>兩人之供奉。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">757</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>2年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">天平寶字</span>元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">70</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>十一月二十八日，<span class="zhuanming">日</span>朝廷以<span class="zhuanming">備前國</span>墾田一百町施入<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>禪院。<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>準備以此作立伽藍之供養。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">郭子儀</span>平安<span class="zhuanming">禄山</span>亂，復東西兩京。（<span class="zhuanming">中</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">758</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">乾元</span>元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>2年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">71</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>八月一日，<span class="zhuanming">日</span>朝廷藉詞辭<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>僧綱之任，尊爲大和上。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">史思明</span>亂。（<span class="zhuanming">中</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">759</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>2年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>3年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">72</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>八月一日，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>創建之<span class="zhuanming">唐律招提</span>（以後的<span class="zhuanming">唐招提寺</span>）成立。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>二月，<span class="zhuanming">日</span>派高<span class="zhuanming">元度</span>爲迎入唐客使出發，其目的爲迎接<span class="zhuanming">藤原清河</span>前遣唐使等回國。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">760</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>上元元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>4年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">73</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">平城宫</span>改修，以其東<span class="zhuanming">朝華殿</span>地施入<span class="zhuanming">唐律招提</span>，改建爲講堂。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00130','1244438',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P130</span></i> <p> <span><span class="song">761</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>2年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>5年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">74</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>於<span class="zhuanming">下野</span><span class="zhuanming">藥師寺</span>築<span class="zhuanming">紫觀世音</span>寺等，建戒壇。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">762</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">寶應</span>元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>6年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">75</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>五月，在<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>建戒壇。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>四月，任命<span class="zhuanming">中臣鷹主</span>等爲遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使，未出發。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">763</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">廣德</span>元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>7年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">76</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>五月六日，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>結跏趺坐，寂於<span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>宿房。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>九月四日，任<span class="zhuanming">道鏡</span>爲少僧都。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">776</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>11年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">寶龜</span>7年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>六月七日，以<span class="zhuanming">播磨國</span>地五十町施入<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>金堂建成。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">777</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>12年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>8年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>六月，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>第十四次遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使入<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>，副使<span class="zhuanming">小野石根</span>等到<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>，傳達了<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>大和尚示寂的消息。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>僧侣集<span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>舉哀三日。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">藤原清河</span>卒於<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>。（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00131','1244438',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P131</span></i> <p> <span><span class="song">779</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>14年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>10年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>二月八日，膺<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>弟子<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>之請，<span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>（<span class="zhuanming">元開</span>）撰《唐大和上東征傳》成。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使<span class="zhuanming">高鶴林</span>一行到<span class="zhuanming">日</span>。（<span class="zhuanming">中</span>）</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">780</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">建中</span>元年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>11年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使<span class="zhuanming">高鶴林</span>拜謁<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>遺像。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="song">801</span></span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">貞元</span>17年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span><span class="zhuanming">延歷</span>20年</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td><td style="border:1px solid;"> <p> <span>正月，給<span class="zhuanming">唐招提寺</span>以官符。</span> </p> </td><td style="border:1px solid;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div>
</>
目次
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv907705" key="907705"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 目次 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152539" key="1152539"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-C00001','1565238',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P1</span></i><p style="text-indent:NaNpx;">目次</p><p style="text-indent:28px;">前言<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;"><span class="song">1</span></span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;">鑑真簡介<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;"><span class="song">3</span></span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;">《唐大和上東征傳》作者及版本簡介<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;"><span class="song">10</span></span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;">《唐大和上東征傳》<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;"><span class="song">33</span></span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;">附録：</p><p style="text-indent:56px;">一﹑《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑真傳》逸文<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;"><span class="song">103</span></span></p><p style="text-indent:56px;">二﹑《宋高僧傳·唐揚州大雲寺鑑真傳》<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;"><span class="song">112</span></span></p><p style="text-indent:56px;">三﹑《神僧傳·鑑真傳》<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;"><span class="song">114</span></span></p><p style="text-indent:56px;">四﹑鑑真和上三異事<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;"><span class="song">114</span></span></p><p style="text-indent:56px;">五﹑鑑真年表<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;"><span class="song">119</span></span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;">附圖：</p><p style="text-indent:56px;">一﹑揚州法淨寺鑑真紀念堂</p><p style="text-indent:56px;">二﹑鑑真紀念堂内鑑真楠木像</p><p style="text-indent:56px;">三﹑日本奈良唐招提寺金堂</p><p style="text-indent:56px;">四﹑日本唐招提寺内鑑真乾漆夾紵像</p><p style="text-indent:56px;">五﹑唐招提寺題額</p><p style="text-indent:56px;">六﹑鑑真手跡</p><p style="text-indent:56px;">七﹑唐大和上東征傳版本書影</p><p style="text-indent:56px;">八﹑鑑真東渡路線圖</p></div></div></div>
</>
第一　大唐國住持
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152542" key="1152542"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 附録 &gt; 四、鑑眞和上三異事 &gt; 第一　大唐國住持 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152543" key="1152543"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00115','1244435',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P115</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000024">第一　大唐國住持</p><p> <span>謂沙門<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>是<span class="zhuanming">大唐</span><span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">江陽縣</span>人，<span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>之大德也。俗姓<span class="zhuanming">淳于</span>氏，<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>大夫之苗裔也。禀性秀於人倫，而被行猶由聖法；戒珠淨營，利他心深，於諸州中而唯獨爲化主。至於<span class="zhuanming">大唐開元</span>廿一年，沙門生年卅六也。<span class="zhuanming">大唐</span><span class="zhuanming">萬歲通天</span>二年，歲次己丑生也。<span class="zhuanming">淮南</span>之内，淨持戒律者，唯沙門獨秀無倫，道俗歸心，天下五百餘州仰爲受戒之大師。講説之閑，修造故寺八十餘處，供養十方衆僧，其數無量。縫衲袈裟一千領，布袈裟二千領，供送<span class="zhuanming">五台山</span>衆僧；設無遮之大會，躬調藥物，以治病患。飢者施食，寒者給衣。凡經行之所，無不蒙賴也。沙門前後度人立壇授戒，其數無量，在於一方傳法於世，其事繁多，不可具載。時沙門在<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">大明寺</span>，爲衆僧講律，其先所造石磚浮圖，忽然放光，又現菩薩，三目六臂，自稱般若仙，以爲講説之靈驗也。種種變現，其事繁廣，不可具述。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
前言
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv946677" key="946677"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 前言 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152545" key="1152545"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00001','1244414',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P1</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000001"><b>前言</b></p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">唐代</span><span class="zhuanming">中國</span>和<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>交通頻繁，使者和僧人往來不絶。其中影響最大的，莫過於<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>十二載（公元七五二年，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">天平勝寶</span>五年）東渡，并於十年後圓寂於<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚。<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>是我國<span class="zhuanming">唐代</span>著名的僧人，對<span class="zhuanming">中</span><span class="zhuanming">日</span>兩國人民的友好關係和文化交流，作出了傑出的貢獻。但有關<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>的文獻資料，留傳下來的不多。除了幾篇僧傳外，就只有<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">元開</span>的《唐大和上東征傳》。僧傳一般比較簡略，而《東征傳》卻較詳細地記述了<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>等一行備嘗艱辛東渡<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的事迹。現在，我把《東征傳》整理校注出版，供研究<span class="zhuanming">中</span><span class="zhuanming">日</span>兩國關係史和文化交流史參攷。</span> </p><p> <span>《唐大和上東征傳》成書於公元七七九年，當時抄寫流傳，就有各種不同的本子，出入不少。現存最早的<span class="zhuanming">觀智院</span>甲本就有不少錯誤。比較後出的《羣書類從》本是錯訛較少的本子。現在我以《羣書類從》本（簡稱<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本）爲底本，校以<span class="zhuanming">觀智院</span>本（簡稱<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本）和<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>本（簡稱<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本）等本，力圖校出一個較好的本子。除有確切根據外，不妄自改動。對校改的字，在注釋中加以説明；增添的字用方括號區别。</span> </p><p> <span>本書注釋，主要着重在地名﹑人名和專有名詞。有關的前人研究成果，盡量加以吸收；有錯誤的加以訂正。由於本書内<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00002','1244414',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P2</span></i>容範圍較爲廣泛，本人學識有限，注釋中錯誤的地方，在所難免，請讀者不吝指正。爲了閲讀﹑研究方便，我寫了《鑑真簡介》和《作者及版本簡介》二文，置於正文之前，使讀者對<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>的歷史和本書作者﹑版本情況，有一個大致的瞭解。我還把有關<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>的其他資料，收集整理作爲附録，附於本書之後，供讀者一併參閲。</span> </p><p> <span>二十年前我就開始本書的校勘工作，當時曾得到<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">實藤惠秀</span>兩博士的指導與幫助。<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>是近代<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>方面研究<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>的著名學者，他不但替我把<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本﹑<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本從<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>全部照相寄下，而且還在不同的意見上給我啟發。其後我的校勘工作因故中斷。直到最近，才又有機會得以將此工作完成。<span class="zhuanming">安藤</span>博士没有能見到本書的出版而以七十高齡在九年前謝世了，在此特致悼念之意。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">汪向榮　一九七九，三月</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
第二　海路庶奇異
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152549" key="1152549"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 附録 &gt; 四、鑑眞和上三異事 &gt; 第二　海路庶奇異 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152550" key="1152550"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00115','1244436',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P115</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000025">第二　海路庶奇異</p><p> <span>謂是<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>留學問僧<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>等在都，承聞靈驗遠振，卽至<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">大明寺</span>，頂禮和上足下，具述意曰：佛法東流，<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>惟有其法，而無傳法之人，願大和上東遊興化。卽大和上唱弟子僧<span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>等廿一人，仍買嶺南軍船一隻，雇得船人十二口，備辨乾粮，載經像并雜隨身物。道俗﹑工匠﹑水手等，都有八十五人。<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二載十二月，舉帆東下；到<span class="zhuanming">明州</span>界<span class="zhuanming">狼溝浦</span>，遭惡風浪，船被<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00116','1244436',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P116</span></i>打破，人物共飄没；唯大和上獨在浮草上，端坐不動。有五色物，扶和上左右，漸牽至岸。又同船人三分在一，大和上遥見，欲入水救之，忽然空中有聲云：莫入水，莫入水。俄爾惡風被息，廿餘人人著岸免死，仍卽還<span class="zhuanming">唐朝</span>。經十一箇年，亦立壇授戒，更有别勅，賜度人，其數亦多。至<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>十二載，歲次癸巳十月十五日壬午，<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>大使特進<span class="zhuanming">藤原朝臣清河</span>，副使光禄卿<span class="zhuanming">伴宿禰古滿</span>，副使秘書監<span class="zhuanming">吉備朝臣真吉備</span>及留學生衞尉卿<span class="zhuanming">安倍朝臣仲麿</span>，<span class="zhuanming">大唐</span>號<span class="zhuanming">朝衡</span>等，同至<span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>，禮拜白大和上云：弟子等早知和上向<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>將欲傳戒，今親奉面頂歡喜。弟子等今録和上尊名上奏，將向<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>，亦不難也。但主上敬崇道士，欲遣東國流傳其法。然弟子等不崇其法，方便奏停，更勸請大和上。以<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>十二載十一月廿九日戌時，從<span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>出，至江頭乘船。下至<span class="zhuanming">蘇州</span><span class="zhuanming">黄泗浦</span>。同隨者：<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">白塔寺</span><span class="zhuanming">法進</span>大德等，道俗總有廿四人，將<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>舍利﹑經像﹑律論﹑疏章﹑隨身衣鉢等，寄載第二船。十二月十五日壬子，四船同發，其三箇船皆飄迴破損；唯大和上所乘第二船，雖遭惡風，平安著<span class="zhuanming">薩摩國</span>。此亦和上之所擁護也。經海十二日，卽廿六日辛亥，入太宰府。其海路間，異奇巨多，無以注盡。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
三、《神僧傳·鑑眞》
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152553" key="1152553"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 附録 &gt; 三、《神僧傳·鑑眞》 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152554" key="1152554"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00114','1244433',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P114</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000022"><b>三﹑《神僧傳·鑑眞》</b></p><p> <span>釋<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">淳于</span>氏，<span class="zhuanming">廣陵</span><span class="zhuanming">江陽縣</span>人也。總角隨父入<span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span>，見佛像感動夙心，因白父求出家，父奇其志許焉，後爲一方宗首。時，<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>有沙門<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>等，東來募法；<span class="zhuanming">真</span>許往，遂買舟自<span class="zhuanming">廣陵</span>齎經律法離岸，至<span class="zhuanming">越州浦</span>，止<span class="zhuanming">署風山</span>。<span class="zhuanming">真</span>夜夢甚靈異。纔出洋遇惡風濤，舟人顧其垂没，有投棄𣝕</span> <span class="font12 zhu">音箋</span> <span>香木者，聞空中聲云，勿投棄。時見舳臚各有神將介甲操仗焉。尋時風定，俄漂入蛇海，其蛇長三丈餘，色若錦文。後入魚海，魚長尺餘，飛滿空中。次一洋純見飛鳥，集於舟背，壓之幾没。洎出鳥海，乏水，俄泊一島，池且泓澄，人飲甘美。相次達於<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>，其國王歡喜迎入城大寺安止，號大和尚。以<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span><span class="zhuanming">廣德</span>元年無疾辭衆坐亡。身不傾壞，至今其身不施苧漆。其國國王貴人信士，時將寶香塗之。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（《神僧傳》卷第八）</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
四、鑑眞和上三異事
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152557" key="1152557"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 附録 &gt; 四、鑑眞和上三異事 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152558" key="1152558"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00114','1244434',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P114</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000023"><b>四﹑鑑眞和上三異事</b></p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">大唐國鑑真大和尚末弟子少僧都傳燈大法師位　豐安誠恐</span> </p><p> <span>謹言大和上<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">和</span>兩國修治行事三條：一﹑<span class="zhuanming">大唐國</span>住持；一﹑海路庶奇異；一﹑<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>修治。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
[插圖]
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv607821" key="607821"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 插圖 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152561" key="1152561"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-M00001','1565239',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P1</span></i><p><img src="http://xuexi.ancientbooks.cn/shuju/u/cms/www/201708/20152037evik.jpg" style="					max-height:px;				"/><span class="font12 imgDes"> </span></p><p> <span>一﹑揚州法淨寺鑑真紀念堂</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-M00002','1565239',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P2</span></i><p><img src="http://xuexi.ancientbooks.cn/shuju/u/cms/www/201708/20152037dote.jpg" style="					max-height:px;				"/><span class="font12 imgDes"> </span></p><p> <span>二﹑鑑真紀念堂内鑑真楠木像</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-M00003','1565239',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P3</span></i><p><img src="http://xuexi.ancientbooks.cn/shuju/u/cms/www/201708/20152038od97.jpg" style="					max-height:px;				"/><span class="font12 imgDes"> </span></p><p> <span>三﹑日本奈良唐招提寺金堂</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-M00004','1565239',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P4</span></i><p><img src="http://xuexi.ancientbooks.cn/shuju/u/cms/www/201708/20152038wzzp.jpg" style="					max-height:px;				"/><span class="font12 imgDes"> </span></p><p> <span>四﹑日本唐招提寺内鑑真乾漆夾紵像</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-M00005','1565239',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P5</span></i><p><img src="http://xuexi.ancientbooks.cn/shuju/u/cms/www/201708/20152038maun.jpg" style="					max-height:px;				"/><span class="font12 imgDes"> </span></p><p> <span>五﹑唐招提寺題額（日本孝謙天皇書）</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-M00006','1565239',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P6</span></i><p><img src="http://xuexi.ancientbooks.cn/shuju/u/cms/www/201708/20152038ycxf.jpg" style="					max-height:px;				"/><span class="font12 imgDes"> </span></p><p> <span>六﹑鑑真手跡</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-M00007','1565239',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P7</span></i><p><img src="http://xuexi.ancientbooks.cn/shuju/u/cms/www/201708/20152038g9ez.jpg" style="					max-height:px;				"/><span class="font12 imgDes"> </span></p><p> <span>1.羣書類從本</span> </p><p><img src="http://xuexi.ancientbooks.cn/shuju/u/cms/www/201708/20152038427l.jpg" style="					max-height:px;				"/><span class="font12 imgDes"> </span></p><p> <span>2.觀智院甲本</span> </p><p> <span>七﹑唐大和上東征傳版本書影</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-M00008','1565239',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P8</span></i><p><img src="http://xuexi.ancientbooks.cn/shuju/u/cms/www/201708/20152038hxvn.jpg" style="					max-height:px;				"/><span class="font12 imgDes"> </span></p><p> <span>3.戒壇院本（外封）</span> </p><p><img src="http://xuexi.ancientbooks.cn/shuju/u/cms/www/201708/20152038zz5n.jpg" style="					max-height:px;				"/><span class="font12 imgDes"> </span></p><p> <span>4.戒壇院本（内頁）</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-M00009','1565239',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P9</span></i><p><img src="http://xuexi.ancientbooks.cn/shuju/u/cms/www/201708/20152038nteh.jpg" style="					max-height:px;				"/><span class="font12 imgDes"> </span></p><p> <span>八﹑鑑真東渡路線圖</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
一、《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑眞傳》逸文
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152563" key="1152563"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 附録 &gt; 一、《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑眞傳》逸文 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1058808" key="1058808"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00103','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P103</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000020"><b>一﹑《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑眞傳》逸文</b></p><p> <span>〔《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑真傳》一稱《大和尚傳》，一般稱之爲《廣傳》，<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>撰。<span class="zhuanming">元開</span>所撰《唐大和上東征傳》，基本上是根據該傳而成的。很可惜現在該傳已不存，祇能從一些書籍或經書紙背見到其逸文。</span> </p><p> <span>《廣傳》佚文分别見於《七代記》﹑《傳述一心戒文》﹑《聖德太子傳曆》﹑《平氏傳雜勘文》﹑《上宫太子拾遺記》﹑《古今目録鈔》及《華嚴兩種生死義》紙背文書等。現在依據《唐大和上東征傳》順序，整理如下：〕</span> </p><p class="weizhi_zhanwei"></p><p> <span>釋<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>，<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">江陽縣</span>人也。俗姓<span class="zhuanming">淳于</span>氏，卽<span class="zhuanming">齊朝</span><span class="zhuanming">淳于髡</span>大夫後也。十六出家，十有八歲受菩薩戒。……奉請<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">薦福寺</span>大德<span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>律師爲教授阿闍棃，闍棃生緣<span class="zhuanming">光州</span>人也，傳通佛法，一國得名。□□四分律之初，弘福廩者，如風之靡草，且復神儀挺持，朗目威顔，恒戴帽子入朝，帝重親躬揖。初受戒時，夢見聖十大弟子來，爲受具足戒。<span class="zhuanming">大唐</span><span class="zhuanming">孝和</span>皇帝十緣之一數也。遂以<span class="zhuanming">景龍</span>二年三月二十八日晡時，於<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">實際寺</span>壇，方受具足<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00104','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P104</span></i>戒。<span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>律師初受戒了，講律百遍，是<span class="zhuanming">南山</span><span class="zhuanming">宣</span>律師重受戒弟子。一生不説人，非嘗自昇高座誦戒，六時行道，禮佛麁莊，四九香爐作兜率天業，迄於命終，未嘗廢闕。臨終七日，端坐頂𤌢。<span class="zhuanming">則天聖后</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">中宗</span><span class="zhuanming">孝和皇帝</span>師之，此實法門龍象，匡益當時；軌範緇徒，形儀清肅，於今有賴，寧不欽哉。謹録行事之蹤，用光揚於後代也。……<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和上乃於<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>受戒了，初卽禀承<span class="zhuanming">滿州融濟</span>律師，學<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>律師《行事鈔》及《羯磨疏》﹑《重輕儀》等。<span class="zhuanming">濟</span>律師者，是<span class="zhuanming">南山</span><span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>律師弟子也。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>大師受具之時，奉請十師等，亦是<span class="zhuanming">滿意</span>律師弟子也。所謂<span class="zhuanming">荆州</span><span class="zhuanming">玉泉寺</span><span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">總持寺</span><span class="zhuanming">儀</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">薦福寺</span><span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">荆州</span><span class="zhuanming">揚溪寺</span><span class="zhuanming">俊</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">崇福寺</span>大德<span class="zhuanming">禮</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">崇聖寺</span><span class="zhuanming">綱</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">崇福寺</span><span class="zhuanming">聞惠</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">崇福寺</span><span class="zhuanming">思惠</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">荷恩寺</span><span class="zhuanming">法藏</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">荷恩寺</span><span class="zhuanming">丹</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">薦福寺</span><span class="zhuanming">恆</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">薦福寺</span><span class="zhuanming">志</span>律師，彼列此十二人大德已。總嘆云，己上諸德，各研精律藏，兼達大乘，皆是首律師<span class="zhuanming">滿意</span>律師弟子也。……然通言二人弟子，未知誰人的是，但見列次中<span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>律師，是<span class="zhuanming">南山</span>大師弟子；<span class="zhuanming">儀</span>律師，卽<span class="zhuanming">滿意</span>律師傳法輩之隨一矣；<span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>律師，宗承<span class="zhuanming">文綱</span>律師；<span class="zhuanming">禮</span>律師，是學首律師疏，講説弟子也；<span class="zhuanming">綱</span>律師學相部疏，此則非文綱之綱，是别人耳，行狀既别，俗年亦異</span> <span class="font12 zhu">此九十二，彼九十九；</span> <span><span class="zhuanming">志</span>律師，講五分律。自餘諸人，雖不的指，亦可多是<span class="zhuanming">意</span>師弟子。又<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">禪定寺</span><span class="zhuanming">義威</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西明寺</span><span class="zhuanming">遠智</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">東京</span><span class="zhuanming">授記寺新羅</span><span class="zhuanming">金修</span>律師及<span class="zhuanming">惠策</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">觀音寺</span><span class="zhuanming">大亮</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">越州</span><span class="zhuanming">察</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">照隱</span>律師，此等大德並<span class="zhuanming">滿意</span>律師門人也。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00105','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P105</span></i><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>元載，歲次辛巳。各至年十月，有<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">安國寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">道杭</span>﹑僧<span class="zhuanming">澄觀</span>，<span class="zhuanming">東京</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">德清</span>受<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>等請，向海東傳授戒法。兼<span class="zhuanming">高麗國</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">如海</span>及<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span><span class="zhuanming">玄朗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">玄海</span>，備弁供具，下至<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>；及執宰相<span class="zhuanming">李琳甫</span>兄<span class="zhuanming">琳宗</span>書，今於<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>倉曾<span class="zhuanming">李</span>複<span class="zhuanming">湊</span>檢校造船還國。船車難造，傳戒人無。<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>乃向<span class="zhuanming">大明寺</span>頂禮和上足下，具論心事。本國昔<span class="zhuanming">上宫太子</span>云，二百年後，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>律義大興。然皇太子以玄聖之德，生<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>，苞貫三統，篡先聖之宏猷；恭敬三寶，救黎元之厄，實是聖人也。又舍人<span class="zhuanming">王子</span>廣學内典，兼遊覽經史，敬信佛法，慈愛人氏，每悕求傳戒師僧來至此土。和上便云：遠承昔有<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">長屋王子</span>，敬信心重，造一千領袈裟，附向本<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>，供養衆僧；其袈裟緣上繡四句：山川異域，風月同天，寄諸佛子，共結來緣。又<span class="zhuanming">天台</span><span class="zhuanming">智者</span>云，三百年後，我所遺文墨感傳於世；大師無常，洎二百年。而今<span class="zhuanming">大唐</span>國家道俗總大興隆，聖人言語，未曾相違。其<span class="zhuanming">智者</span>禪師是<span class="zhuanming">南岳</span><span class="zhuanming">思</span>禪師菩薩戒弟子也。<span class="zhuanming">惠思</span>禪師乃降生<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">聖德</span>太子也。……<span class="zhuanming">智者唐國</span>分身，<span class="zhuanming">思禪</span>海東化物。其<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>從<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>二十年來至<span class="zhuanming">唐國</span>，初至<span class="zhuanming">東京</span><span class="zhuanming">大福先寺</span>，見僧<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>，便請具論心事。其僧<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>當卽受請，先向<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>相待。<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>暫至二京諸寺看風俗卽請大德來。至二十八年，便卽營構；從二十九年下，備州弁事，今至於此。和上乃命門人講授戒律，人師法主者，命赴<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>心同向<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>，萬代傳燈，諸人咸然，一無對言。良久，乃有僧<span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>言：彼國太遠，性命難存；滄波淼漫，萬無一至。人身難得，<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>難生；進修未備，道果未尅，是故諸人並默無對者。和上乃自許僧<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">照</span>等<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00106','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P106</span></i>之<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>。當時乃有<span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>更云，和上若去，<span class="zhuanming">彦</span>亦隨去。復有僧<span class="zhuanming">道興</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道杭</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">神頂</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">崇忍</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">靈際</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">明烈</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道默</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道因</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法藏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">志静</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道翼</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">出巖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">如海</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">證觀</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">德清</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>等二十人，同心陪從大和上往<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>。……</span> </p><p> <span>彼<span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>塔，乃是<span class="zhuanming">晉朝</span><span class="zhuanming">并州</span><span class="zhuanming">劉薩訶</span>尋此塔也。<span class="zhuanming">薩訶</span>本是獵師，常騎赤馬﹑青馬，青揭蒼鷹捕諸禽獸。忽於一時病死，見<span class="zhuanming">閻羅王</span>司命録籍，將其罪福，乃見殺鹿子俱來索命。<span class="zhuanming">薩訶</span>乃云，私不殺。鹿云，在青山下殺秘；于時將青揭放蒼鷹，騎赤馬殺我等。當時卽有業鏡並現，青揭﹑赤馬﹑青鷹﹑青揭俱來證，受不得云。大王引入地獄，但命未盡，欲放還<span class="zhuanming">南閻浮提</span>。前件生命告不殺，大王乃云：汝若能出家行道，於<span class="zhuanming">越州</span>東有<span class="zhuanming">鄮縣</span><span class="zhuanming">鄮山</span>，中有<span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>塔，在彼汝可往尋之，便於彼所修道者，乃放生汝還<span class="zhuanming">南閻浮提</span>。<span class="zhuanming">薩訶</span>乃言，<span class="zhuanming">閻羅王</span>乃放，諸生乃言，放生須命報，何得直被還鄉。王云令有出家行進，生命等乃放之。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">勝寶</span>六載甲午二月一日，至<span class="zhuanming">難波驛</span>國師鄉，僧<span class="zhuanming">崇道</span>及大僧正<span class="zhuanming">行基</span>弟子<span class="zhuanming">法義</span>等，設供共叙寒暄。三日至<span class="zhuanming">河内國</span>守<span class="zhuanming">藤原魚名廳</span>，大納言<span class="zhuanming">仲丸</span>故遣<span class="zhuanming">賀簡光順</span>慰勞衆僧；復有律師<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>令弟子二僧來問許，兼令二近事來躬承。同日復有布衣高行僧<span class="zhuanming">志忠</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">賢璟</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">曉貴</span>等卅餘人行道讚歎。明發，取<span class="zhuanming">大和國</span><span class="zhuanming">平凉驛</span>宿。在道，勅使催令入京，至<span class="zhuanming">平涼驛</span>略歇息，少時入京。勅使遣<span class="zhuanming">安宿王</span>正四品於<span class="zhuanming">南閭門</span>慰勞衆僧；勅令請住於<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>安置。有京城僧徒及官僚文者等於<span class="zhuanming">南閭門</span>，相迎同送引，和<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span><span class="zhuanming">良辨</span>僧都引至大佛前禮拜。<span class="zhuanming">良辨</span>云，此是大帝<span class="zhuanming">太上天皇</span>引天下人共結良<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00107','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P107</span></i>緣，鑄此金銅像，坐高笏尺五十尺。又問<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>中頗有如此大像？遣<span class="zhuanming">延慶</span>譯語云，無。更禮拜供養，讚歎。行道竟，相引至客堂住。勅使安慰。明旦，卽有<span class="zhuanming">大唐</span>律師<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>來相問訊；後有<span class="zhuanming">婆羅門</span>僧正<span class="zhuanming">菩提</span>亦來參問。云某甲在<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">崇福</span>寺住，經三日，闍棃在彼講律，闍棃識否？和上云憶得也。復有内道場僧五十人令來相看。<span class="zhuanming">良辨</span>僧都云，一時禮拜。光禄大夫﹑右僕射<span class="zhuanming">藤原豐成</span>來相參。復有光禄大夫﹑大納言<span class="zhuanming">藤原仲麿</span>來相參，金紫光禄大夫﹑式部卿<span class="zhuanming">藤原</span><span class="zhuanming">永手</span>參禮。〔又移入〕官倉院。三月勅使<span class="zhuanming">朝〔臣〕真備</span>參<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>，安慰衆僧：大德遠涉滄波，來至此國；朕先造<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>，經十餘年，於大佛西欲立戒壇。自有此心，日夜不忘。今諸大德遠來，冥契朕心，乃是朕之有感。自今已後授戒傳律，一任大德。又勅令<span class="zhuanming">良辨</span>，問和上在<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>相共臨壇僧名，此間有幾律師。和上仍令僧<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>付口録出：<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>中常共化法僧，卽<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">星静</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">思祐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">義静</span>等。後經半月，勅使<span class="zhuanming">良辨</span>僧都及檢〔<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>朝〕大德位名：和〔上位〕勅特贈，卽大和上；<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>﹑學生<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">延慶</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">星静</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法顆</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">思祐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">義静</span>。又令〔<span class="zhuanming">佐〕伯今毛人</span>出贈位絹廿匹﹑絁廿匹﹑大布卌端﹑細布一百屯用施和上，餘僧各減半，從<span class="zhuanming">仁幹</span>已下與半位，物又減半。和上衆僧並合掌，頻勞主上憂。當客人時有<span class="zhuanming">大安寺</span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>律師<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>問得來由，乃作讚詞，慶賀大和上。其年四月初，勅於<span class="zhuanming">盧舍那佛</span>前立壇，爲沙彌<span class="zhuanming">證修</span>等四百卅餘人受戒。後有内道場興行僧<span class="zhuanming">神榮</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">行潛</span>等五十五人，重受大小乘戒。至<span class="zhuanming">勝寶</span>七歲，於<span class="zhuanming">盧舍那佛</span>前爲沙彌受戒，後有實行僧<span class="zhuanming">〔志〕忠</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">靈福</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">賢璟</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">善頂</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道緣</span>等八十餘人遠起卧具，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00108','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P108</span></i>進隆和光之族類者，來云受具足戒。</span> </p><p class="weizhi_zhanwei"></p><p> <span>〔除了上述和《唐大和上東征傳》有相應的段落的逸文以外，還有一些逸文和《東征傳》有關，但並没有相應部份的。這些大概都是律宗祖師的傳略，現在也把這些逸文附記在下面：〕</span> </p><p class="weizhi_zhanwei"></p><p> <span>其<span class="zhuanming">慧思</span>禪師於一目中，〔處分岳〕寺三綱，可掃路開堂敷座迎接，今日有大菩薩〔將來〕。諸人出迎，只云不見菩薩，只見一年少〔沙〕彌。〔彼衆〕却還報和上，無有菩薩，但見一少沙彌。於時禪師〔告云，此是〕菩薩，衆並迎屈入寺。禪師把手言，好在以不，<span class="zhuanming">靈山</span>一别，迄至於今。經停，明日卽令上座講《法花經》，<span class="zhuanming">智顗</span>冥然，不知所趣。<span class="zhuanming">思</span>禪師乃云，昔佛在世，與弟子<span class="zhuanming">靈山</span>聽，可不憶耶？<span class="zhuanming">智顗</span>便乃朗然大悟，當卽宣吐弁，若懸河寫浪。此卽頓悟一乘之妙法也。<span class="zhuanming">智顗</span>猶被<span class="zhuanming">思</span>禪師作其憶念，玄憶一乘。故知<span class="zhuanming">思</span>禪師本來誦持法花，味深禪定，悟《法花》三昧。又<span class="zhuanming">天台</span><span class="zhuanming">智者</span>大師，<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>帝和上，卅餘年唯著一衲，度僧萬餘，造八十三寺，書十九藏經，讀十五遍，造諸經論〔疏〕合七百卷。《法花》玄文及疏各十卷﹑《大止觀》十卷﹑《四教》十二卷﹑《小止觀》一卷﹑《禪門》十卷。故知二聖覿顔，遞相顯發，廣興佛事，利益四生。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">南岳</span><span class="zhuanming">衡山</span>者，屬<span class="zhuanming">衡州</span>，其<span class="zhuanming">衡山</span>五岳之一數也。其山有五峯，一<span class="zhuanming">般若峯</span>，二<span class="zhuanming">住括峯</span>，三<span class="zhuanming">慧日峯</span>，四<span class="zhuanming">囑融峯</span>，五<span class="zhuanming">紫蓋峯</span>。一峯各<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00109','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P109</span></i>有禪房静室，有<span class="zhuanming">思</span>禪師六生於此山修道，一生各立一塔并盤，一石。其三石存般若台佛殿前，三塔在般若〔台南〕二百步。山中靈仙異菓消利，經於千歲，時有得聖果者，其梨乃生子。<span class="zhuanming">思</span>禪師親喫此梨，其梨甘美，世間無疋，大如鉢許。自爾已還，更未生子。其<span class="zhuanming">思</span>禪師臨將無常時，於般若台北石室中，舉《法花經》﹑鉢﹑盂﹑錫杖語弟子云：吾滅度後，向無佛處受身，〔教〕化衆生。至今便岳寺，見有素影立堂，上足弟子二人同時素影。其弟子並是聖人：其二弟子，一名<span class="zhuanming">智顗</span>，在<span class="zhuanming">天台山</span>及<span class="zhuanming">京州</span><span class="zhuanming">〔玉〕泉</span>二寺，來去住持。一名<span class="zhuanming">智勇</span>，在<span class="zhuanming">南岳</span><span class="zhuanming">衡山</span>修道也。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">法勵</span>律師是<span class="zhuanming">趙</span>人也，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">李</span>氏，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">鄴下</span><span class="zhuanming">光宅寺</span>僧。祖因官，遂家於<span class="zhuanming">相</span>焉。生而旦靈，骨目特異，雙臂修直，平立垂膝。具四十齒，迄於終老，中無齓毁，竪白逾常，年登學位，便欣大法，卽<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>法師之門人也。風素翔郁，威容郁雅，言義博達，欣尚玄奥。初受具，已從<span class="zhuanming">静洪</span>律師及<span class="zhuanming">恒州</span><span class="zhuanming">淵</span>律師所，諮考四分，窮討根原。漸至江南，遊覽十誦，乃至五部遍遊，並窮奥旨。造《四分疏》十卷﹑《羯磨疏》三卷﹑捨懺儀﹑輕重叙等，各施卷部，見重於時。時有<span class="zhuanming">惠休</span>法師，道聲遠被，見重世猷，鑽擊神理，文義相接，故得光采相照，律觀高邈，亦休有功焉。<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>以<span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>九年十月終於故<span class="zhuanming">鄴</span><span class="zhuanming">光宅寺</span>，春秋六十有七。</span> </p><p> <span>上代疏家</span> <span class="font12 zhu">四分律疏家也</span> <span>總有二十人作文書，就中只三家疏好：<span class="zhuanming">雲</span>律師疏﹑<span class="zhuanming">暉</span>律師疏﹑<span class="zhuanming">曇富</span>律師<span class="zhuanming">願</span>律師疏及次新疏<span class="zhuanming">素</span>律師等，義繁疎，取文多錯。就三好中，<span class="zhuanming">光統</span>律師疏太略，諸家並取爲義節耳，但四卷釋一部文；首律師疏太廣，廿卷釋一部律文。<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00110','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P110</span></i>義雲山積，學者但可望岸，尋途者未通鑽仰；唯今<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>律師所作文疏十卷釋一部律文，句句連珠，行行貫玉，理義苞富，異於今古廣略二過之文。爲伏經論師之自高，故九旬所制便畢。亘法界而興崇，紹續傳燈，罕過此也。作成之後，請經論師來讀，無有得句者。故<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>律師云，<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>疏甚難，學士守句而待銷，聽聽者披章而絶思。又彼疏中云，述詮相所不盡，申文意之屈滯，匪唯恢廓學者之心，亦乃拂遣封文局促之見。<span class="zhuanming">義净</span>三藏云，五年之間，精求律典，<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>律師之文疏，頗識幽深。故時人云，法師之中不解竹道，生疏者未名學士律。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">統略</span>枝葉，登卽<span class="zhuanming">披</span>演，隣幾<span class="zhuanming">獨</span>絶，詞旨精詣，尤<span class="zhuanming">稱</span>今古。制四分疏十卷，<span class="zhuanming">河北</span><span class="zhuanming">山東</span>一人而已。義理言邈，文言切害，曲高和寘，入希蓋希。兹時四分一本，行自<span class="zhuanming">魏都</span>，未宣關輔。……（注云）作者非無標名顯别等者，初作此鈔，未題<span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>之名。諸有見者，傳寫極多，人傳於本。至<span class="zhuanming">相州</span><span class="zhuanming">勵</span>律師者，一方義匠，氣逸當時，撰集章疏，名流天下。後見此鈔，因寫可本，用以恒看，極理然許，但不究其所由，謂言此鈔是<span class="zhuanming">首</span>律師之所作也。後<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>至<span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>四年，遂出關表，聽學求異，行至<span class="zhuanming">蒲州</span>，承<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>公講律，遂往<span class="zhuanming">山東</span>，諮問疑滯囑。<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>年老，不更講説，遂在古廢色堂，閑堂宴坐。……其大疏新了，住此色堂，在房空坐，童子小兒，並行不在。<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>審知<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>在，遂卽扣房；時<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>年老，策杖申履在房間曰，是誰從何方來？答曰，遠從京中來，近從<span class="zhuanming">蒲州</span>至。<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>聞此語，警評神異，知是奇人，自出開房，相同進户。律師待<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>坐訖，方始致禮，問訊寒温。<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>因問曰：余承京中有異，他小僧名曰<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00111','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P111</span></i><span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>，極理聰敏，亦曾識不？<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>答言識，小僧正是。遂更歛止，嘆詠無量。卽問上人是<span class="zhuanming">首</span>律師門人，<span class="zhuanming">首</span>公近作鈔三卷，大是要當，亦曾見不？答云，大師不作其鈔，但有疏二十卷耳。<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>遂將出呈<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>云是<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>撰耳。便卽謙遜云，其不揆卑薄，輙兹撰抄如何，小僧濫叨先德，遂卽相謝。又問何不題名，以用顯别。作此言已，因乃著<span class="zhuanming">京兆</span>等語，以用簡别。於時<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>歎，此鈔大好文。<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>云，非唯好文，兼有好義。其<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>大疏新成，乃將出現<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>卽披尋量久，未語好惡。<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>語云，此中還有好文。<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>答云，雖能科文，未見有義。因共大咲，據此以明其標名顯别之字。云是<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>律師爲題，或云自題。深云，<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>爲題也。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">成</span>律師是<span class="zhuanming">法勵</span>律師親事弟子。……<span class="zhuanming">成</span>和上，親承<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>律師，故疏懸文，<span class="zhuanming">成</span>和上盡録。出成十卷，可二百紙。並指疏中懸文無别作義，最初弘通<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>律師疏，唯此一人也。……</span> </p><p> <span>爰有<span class="zhuanming">定賓</span>律師，三藏洞閑，操諸疏家，唯法<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>疏，雅合宫商狀，然文義其難。隨文作《餝宗義記》九卷。良以第二已去，附文銷釋，開濟當時，務以先出；後便於藏中，手探經論，乃探得《法花》，卽作疏，兼講三遍。又作《如來藏經疏》﹑《維摩經疏》﹑《楞伽經疏》﹑《湼槃疏》﹑《起信論疏》﹑《瑜伽論註》﹑《唯識疏》﹑《因明》等疏，各講三遍。却來作《餝宗義記第一》，雖開五門，一讒至半，便卽無常。佛法東流，經論學者，無能過之。時人稱爲<span class="zhuanming">法</span>律師也。昔<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>律師弟子<span class="zhuanming">成</span>律師，作疏義記，釋疏甚安，<span class="zhuanming">懷素</span>知之，求覓不得。然<span class="zhuanming">成</span>有二弟子，一<span class="zhuanming">滿意</span>，二<span class="zhuanming">懷素</span>，而觀此二人，<span class="zhuanming">滿意</span>推人讓德。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00112','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P112</span></i><p> <span>將問<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>疏學者，因於後世，儻遇智人反徵，更何能對。是故今<span class="zhuanming">福先</span><span class="zhuanming">賓</span>律師作《餝宗義記》，大破<span class="zhuanming">素</span>疏。故破迷記敕十餘大義，雙書二家義出，卽取經文證。<span class="zhuanming">成</span>乃知<span class="zhuanming">素</span>取經文錯也，樂廣知者，可檢破迷記，乃觀音義記也。而<span class="zhuanming">滿意</span>三度出學士，都成有廿七人，講説相承，弘通四遠。然《餝宗》都有十卷，盛傳於世只唯九卷。爰有<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚弟子<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>律師，心融三藏，名流天下，論辯難當，於講解之次，諸有學者，請出斯文，續前所無，製補亡《餝宗義記》一卷，添前九卷，足成十軸也。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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二、《宋高僧傳·唐揚州大雲寺鑑眞傳》
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1058812" key="1058812"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 附録 &gt; 二、《宋高僧傳·唐揚州大雲寺鑑眞傳》 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1058813" key="1058813"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00112','1244432',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P112</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000021"><b>二﹑《宋高僧傳·唐揚州大雲寺鑑眞傳》</b></p><p> <span>釋<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">淳于</span>氏，<span class="zhuanming">廣陵</span><span class="zhuanming">江陽縣</span>人也。總丱俊明，器度宏博，能典謁矣。隨父入<span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span>，見佛像感動夙心，因白父求出家；父奇其志，許焉。登便就<span class="zhuanming">智滿</span>禪師，循其奬訓。屬<span class="zhuanming">天后</span><span class="zhuanming">長安</span>元年，詔於天下度僧，乃爲息慈，配住本寺，後改爲<span class="zhuanming">龍興</span>。殆<span class="zhuanming">中宗</span><span class="zhuanming">孝和帝</span><span class="zhuanming">神龍</span>元年，從<span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>律師受菩薩戒。<span class="zhuanming">景龍</span>元年，詣<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>，至二年三月二十八日，於<span class="zhuanming">實際寺</span>依<span class="zhuanming">荆州</span><span class="zhuanming">恒景</span>律師邊得戒，雖新發意，有老成風。觀光兩京，名師陶誘；三藏教法，數稔該通。動必研幾，曾無矜伐；言旋<span class="zhuanming">淮海</span>，以戒律化誘，鬱爲一方宗首。冰池印月，適足清明；貌座揚音，良多響答。時<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>有沙門<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>等，東來募法，用補缺然，於<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>中達於<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>，爰來請問。禮<span class="zhuanming">真</span>足曰：“我國在海之中，不知距<span class="zhuanming">齊州</span>幾千萬里，雖有法而無傳法人；譬猶終夜有求於幽室，非燭何見乎？願師<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00113','1244432',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P113</span></i>可能輟此方之利，樂爲海東之導師乎？”<span class="zhuanming">真</span>觀其所以，察其翹勤，乃問之曰：“昔聞<span class="zhuanming">南岳思</span>禪師生彼爲國王，興隆佛法是乎？又聞彼國<span class="zhuanming">長屋</span>曾造千袈裟，來施<span class="zhuanming">中華</span>名德；復於衣緣繡偈云：‘山川異域，風月同天，寄諸佛子，共結來緣。’以此思之，誠是佛法有緣之地也。”默許行焉。所言<span class="zhuanming">長屋</span>者，則相國也。<span class="zhuanming">真</span>乃慕比丘<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>等一十四人，買舟自<span class="zhuanming">廣陵</span>齎經律法離岸，乃<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二載六月也，至<span class="zhuanming">越州浦</span>，止<span class="zhuanming">署風山</span>，<span class="zhuanming">真</span>夜夢甚靈異。纔出洋，遇惡風濤，舟人顧其垂没，有投棄𣝕香木者。聞空中聲云，勿棄投。時見舳艫各有神將介甲操仗焉，尋時風定。俄漂入蛇海，其蛇長三丈餘，色若錦文。後入魚海，魚長尺餘，飛滿空中。次一洋純見飛鳥，集於舟背，壓之幾没。洎出鳥海，乏水。俄泊一島，池且泓澄，人飲甘美。相次達於<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>，其國王歡喜迎入城大寺安止。初於<span class="zhuanming">盧遮那殿</span>前立壇，爲國王授菩薩戒；次夫人王子等；然後教本土有德沙門足滿十員，度沙彌<span class="zhuanming">澄修</span>等四百人，用白四羯磨法也。又有王子一品親田，捨宅造寺號<span class="zhuanming">招提</span>，施水田一百頃。自是已來，長敷律藏，受教者多。彼國號大和尚，傳戒律之始祖也。以<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">天平寶字</span>七年癸卯歲五月五日，無疾辭衆坐亡，身不傾壞，乃<span class="zhuanming">唐代宗</span><span class="zhuanming">廣德</span>元年矣，春秋七十七。至今其身不施苧漆，國王貴人信士時將寶香塗之。僧<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>著《東征傳》詳述焉。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>·《宋高僧傳》卷第十四）</span> </p></div></div></div>
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三、傳本
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152566" key="1152566"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 作者及版本簡介 &gt; 三、傳本 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152567" key="1152567"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00016','1244419',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P16</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000007"><b>三﹑傳本</b></p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>在撰寫《唐大和上東征傳》時，還没有什麽印刷可言，在這條件下傳播，完全靠輾轉傳抄。因此其傳刊本就不止一種。彼此之間也有差異，現在把到目前爲止，我所能見到或知道的各種傳刊本，依照年代前後次序，列記在下面：</span> </p></div></div></div>
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一、書名
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv946688" key="946688"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 作者及版本簡介 &gt; 一、書名 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152569" key="1152569"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00010','1244417',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P10</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000005"><b>一﹑書名</b></p><p> <span>本書書名據最早的抄本<span class="zhuanming">觀智院</span>本（<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本）和<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本的題名看來，正式名稱是：《唐大和上東征傳》。但也有名之爲《過海大師東征傳》﹑《鑑真和尚東征傳》和《鑑真和尚傳》，也有單稱爲《東征傳》的。這都是由於<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>本所用的書名而化出的。<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00011','1244417',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P11</span></i><span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>本所用的正式書名是：《法務贈大僧正唐鑑真過海大師東征傳》。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>本是本書的第一個刊本，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">桃園天皇寶曆</span>十二年（公元一七六二年，<span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="zhuanming">乾隆</span>二十七年）時，<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span><span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>爲了紀念其祖師<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚的一千年忌辰而開板印刷的。發刊以後不久，因爲書名上帶有“東征”兩字，触犯了當時執政者<span class="zhuanming">德川</span>幕府的忌諱（當時<span class="zhuanming">德川</span>幕府在<span class="zhuanming">江户</span>卽今<span class="zhuanming">東京</span>，位於<span class="zhuanming">奈良</span><span class="zhuanming">京都</span>之東，因此“東征”意味着征討<span class="zhuanming">德川</span>幕府，犯了忌諱）。所以就被禁止流傳散佈。以後，<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>又把木板上的“東征”兩字挖去而再印了一次，流佈在外。因此在後來所流傳的<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>刊本《東征傳》，其書名就變成了《法務贈大僧正唐鑑真過海大師東征傳》了。當時根據這個刊本而傳抄的，可能覺得這個書名太長，因而有將其簡化縮成《過海大師東征傳》或《鑑真和尚東征傳》的。</span> </p><p> <span>也有將本書和<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>所撰《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑真傳》相混，從而稱本書爲《略傳》的。這一點在下面將比較詳細地加以談到。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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二、著者
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152580" key="1152580"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 作者及版本簡介 &gt; 二、著者 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152581" key="1152581"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00011','1244418',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P11</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000006"><b>二﹑著者</b></p><p> <span>《東征傳》的著者，除<span class="zhuanming">觀智院</span>所藏乙本（<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本）作“<span class="zhuanming">天台</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>與<span class="zhuanming">真人元開</span>撰”外，其他版本均作“<span class="zhuanming">真人元開</span>撰”。而<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本除了其抄寫時間較古以外，實際上是個不足稱道的版本，很難爲據。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00012','1244418',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P12</span></i><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">真人元開</span>，就是<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">奈良</span>時代（公元七一○—七八四年）著名的文學家<span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">三船</span>是<span class="zhuanming">天智天皇</span>的後裔，<span class="zhuanming">池邊王</span>之子，生於<span class="zhuanming">元正天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">養老</span>六年（公元七二二年，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span><span class="zhuanming">開元</span>十年），死於<span class="zhuanming">桓武</span><span class="zhuanming">延曆</span>四年（公元七八五年，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">德宗</span><span class="zhuanming">貞元</span>元年），終年六十四歲。《東征傳》是他五十八歲時所撰。關於他的事蹟，《續日本紀》中有很簡單的記載：</span> </p><p> <span>“<span class="zhuanming">三船</span>性識聰敏，涉覽羣書，尤好筆札。”</span> </p><p> <span>《大日本史》比較詳細，説：</span> </p><p> <span>“<span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>，<span class="zhuanming">葛野王</span>孫，父曰<span class="zhuanming">池邊王</span>。<span class="zhuanming">三船</span>初爲諸王。<span class="zhuanming">勝寶</span>三年（公元七五一年）賜姓<span class="zhuanming">淡海真人</span>，尋爲内豎。八歲（公元七五六年）爲<span class="zhuanming">藤原仲麻吕</span>所譖，囚於衛士府；出爲<span class="zhuanming">尾張</span>介，授正六位上。<span class="zhuanming">寶字</span>中（公元七五七—七六四年）爲<span class="zhuanming">山陰</span>道巡察使，尋進從五位下；歷<span class="zhuanming">參河</span>守﹑文部少輔。八年（公元七六四年）遷<span class="zhuanming">美作</span>守，爲造池使，修<span class="zhuanming">近江</span>陂池。<span class="zhuanming">仲麻吕</span>反，欲據<span class="zhuanming">近江</span>，先遣使調發國中兵馬；<span class="zhuanming">三船</span>時在勢多，與判官<span class="zhuanming">佐伯三野</span>謀，縛使人及同惡者。以功授正五位上﹑勳三等，爲<span class="zhuanming">近江</span>介，遷中務大輔兼侍從。<span class="zhuanming">神護</span>二年（公元七六六年），賜功田二十町，傳其子；尋補<span class="zhuanming">東山</span>道巡察使。<span class="zhuanming">景雲</span>初（公元七六七年）加兵部大輔。既還，别所判事狀上之，不稱旨，責授太宰少貳。<span class="zhuanming">寶龜</span>中（公元七七三—七七七年），稍遷刑部大輔，歷大判事，爲大學頭兼文章博士，進從四位下。<span class="zhuanming">延曆</span>初（公元七八二年）兼<span class="zhuanming">因幡</span>守，爲刑部卿。四年（公元七八五年）卒，年六十四。<span class="zhuanming">三船</span>爲人聰敏，博涉羣書，善屬文，名高于一時；嘗奉勑定<span class="zhuanming">神武</span>以來諡號。其後裔<span class="zhuanming">濱</span>成高<span class="zhuanming">主</span>及同族九人，<span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>中（公元八五七—八七六年），賜姓<span class="zhuanming">淡海朝臣</span>。”（卷二一四）</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00013','1244418',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P13</span></i><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">宗性</span>在<span class="zhuanming">建長</span>元年（公元一二四九年，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">理宗</span><span class="zhuanming">淳祐</span>九年）起，用了三年時間所抄録的《日本高僧傳要文鈔》中，録有一部份<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>所撰述的《延曆僧録》逸文，其中有<span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>傳。<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>所記是這樣的：</span> </p><p> <span>“淡海居士傳</span> <span class="font12 zhu">刑部卿</span> <span>”</span> </p><p> <span>“<span class="zhuanming">淡海居士</span><span class="zhuanming">淡海真人三船</span>，又曰<span class="zhuanming">元開</span>，<span class="zhuanming">近江</span><span class="zhuanming">天皇</span>之後，錫得天枝流海源，别賜<span class="zhuanming">真人</span>姓。童年厭俗，忻尚玄明。於天平年，伏膺<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>大德爲息惡，探閲三藏，披撿九經，真俗兼該，名言兩泯。<span class="zhuanming">勝寶</span>年有勑令還俗，賜姓<span class="zhuanming">真人</span>。赴<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>學生，因疾制亭。雖處居家，不著三界，示有眷屬，常修梵行。求會真際，故奉太微之圓覺；順時俗，故奉法賓王。”（《日本高僧傳要文鈔》卷三）</span> </p><p> <span>根據上面的記載，可以知道<span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>出身於貴族，到三十歲時，才奉命還俗而進入宦途的。當<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚没有東渡來到<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>之前，他就曾得到比<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>先東渡到<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>傳華嚴宗（賢首宗）的<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>的教誨。及<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚東渡成功，到達<span class="zhuanming">奈良</span>以後，他也曾受其化導。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>對内典的造詣頗深，這些可以從《東征傳》的行文中見到；而其嚮往之情，更流露在《東征傳》後面所附的五律《初謁大和上二首并序》中。他不但在序中説：</span> </p><p> <span>“弟子浪跡囂塵，馳心真際，奉三教之有地，欣一覺之非遥。”</span> </p><p> <span>而且還在後一首詩里面，明白地表明其心情。詩是：</span> </p><p> <span>“我是無明客，長迷有漏津。今朝蒙善誘，懷抱絶埃塵。道種將萌夏，空華更落春。自歸三寶德，誰畏六魔瞋。”</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00014','1244418',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P14</span></i><p> <span>撰述《東征傳》時，<span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>已五十八歲，那時是<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">光仁天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">寶龜</span>十年（公元七七九年，<span class="zhuanming">唐代宗</span><span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>十四年），<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚逝世已十六年。由於<span class="zhuanming">三船</span>本人曾親受<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚的化導，對内典的造詣又頗深，並且和<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>的弟子<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>等相友善；加上撰述的時間上距<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>逝世並不太遠，有關人物還有不少生存着的，因此可以認爲《東征傳》中所記載的一切事實，是相當可靠的。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>的撰寫《東征傳》，很可能是受<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>的要求而寫的。直到今天，我們還可以從<span class="zhuanming">三船</span>的《東征傳》中，見到有不少處是和<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>所撰寫的《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑真傳》相雷同的，甚而可能是直接引用其原文，没有經過改寫的<a class="zhuhao" href="#13" id="5">（1）</a>（這一點在下面將詳細談到）。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>爲什麽要撰寫《東征傳》呢？從今天所能見到的文獻看來，主要是出於<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>的請託。因爲當時<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>佛教界的情況是相當混亂的，新舊之争十分激烈。<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>一行歷盡艱險到達<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>之後，雖然受到以<span class="zhuanming">聖武天皇</span>爲代表的統治階級中掌權一派的尊崇，可是也爲統治階級中頑固保守勢力所排擠。更由於他們在傳戒弘法方面的指導思想和活動，嚴重地妨礙了代表當時頑固保守勢力的舊教團的利益，從而不可避免地發生了衝突，受到他們的誹謗攻擊；因此在<span class="zhuanming">聖武天皇</span>死後不久的<span class="zhuanming">天平</span><span class="zhuanming">寶字</span>二年（公元七五八年，<span class="zhuanming">唐肅宗</span><span class="zhuanming">乾元</span>元年），<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚就被在“政事躁煩，不敢勞老”這一不成理由的藉口下，停止了他僧綱之任；代表頑固保守勢力的舊教團並不以此爲滿足，還用<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00015','1244418',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P15</span></i>各種方式來攻擊誹謗<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>。<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>，他以始終六度親歷艱辛，追隨<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚東渡的親信弟子身份，當然不能坐視其師匠和他們一派傳戒弘法思想之受攻擊，因此不但親自撰述<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>的詳細傳記，來加辨正反擊。爲了擴大影響，便又請當時在上層知識分子中有很高威信的“文首”<span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>，根據他所寫的傳記，用比較適合於<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>人閲讀的體裁，撰述<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚傳記，以加强對舊教團所作誹謗的反擊。上述《日本高僧傳要文鈔》卷三所引《延曆僧録》逸文中，有<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>的自叙傳《從高僧沙門釋思託傳》中，有這樣一段記載：</span> </p><p> <span>“後<span class="zhuanming">真</span>和上移住<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>寺，被人謗讟，<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>述《和上行記》，兼請<span class="zhuanming">淡海真人元開</span>述《和上東行傳荃》，則揚先德，流芳後昆。”</span> </p><p> <span>從當時的歷史情況來看，這一段記載是可靠的。文中所稱的和上行記，當指今天已祇剩下爲數不多的《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑真傳》；而請<span class="zhuanming">淡海真人元開</span>所述的《和上東行傳荃》，毫無疑問就是指現在我們所能見到的這一本《唐大和上東征傳》。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">思託</span>可能因爲是一個高僧，而不是文人；再兼他離開<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>的時候，年齡還不大，所以在行文上十分苦澀，目下《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑真傳》三卷雖已無法見到，但就從其極少數到今天還能見到的逸文看來，有一種修飾語太多，而對主要事實的叙述倒反瞹昧不清的感覺。而<span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>的《唐大和上東征傳》則記叙清晰，文字流暢，就文學作品角度來看，也是篇佳作。同時<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>所撰的有三卷之多，不如<span class="zhuanming">三船</span>的《東征傳》簡單<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00016','1244418',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P16</span></i>扼要，易於收到宣傳效果。這些大概也是<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>所以要請<span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>撰寫的原因。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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五言傷大和上傳燈逝日本
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152588" key="1152588"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 唐大和上東征傳 &gt; 五言傷大和上傳燈逝日本 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152589" key="1152589"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00100','1244426',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P100</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000015"><b>五言傷大和上傳燈逝日本</b></p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">傳燈沙門釋思託</span> </p><p> <span>上德乘杯渡，金人道已東。戒香餘散馥，慧炬復流風。月隱歸<span class="zhuanming">靈鷲</span>，珠逃入<span class="zhuanming">梵宫</span>。神飛生死表，遺教法門中。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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五言同傷大和上
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152592" key="1152592"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 唐大和上東征傳 &gt; 五言同傷大和上 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152593" key="1152593"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00100','1244427',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P100</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000016"><b>五言同傷大和上</b></p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">金紫光禄大夫中納言行式部卿石上宅嗣<a class="zhuhao" href="#841" id="839">（1）</a></span> </p><p> <span>上德從遷化，餘燈欲斷風。<span class="zhuanming">招提</span>禪草〔歇〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#842" id="840">（2）</a>，<span class="zhuanming">戒院</span>覺花空。生死悲含恨，真如歡豈窮。惟視常修者，無處不遺蹤。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#839" id="841">（1）</a>這裏作“金紫光禄大夫”，是<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>朝的官名，而不是<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的官名，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>無此官。在<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>，金紫光禄大夫是正三品。<span class="zhuanming">石上宅嗣</span>於公元七八一年（<span class="zhuanming">日</span><span class="zhuanming">天應</span>元年）敍正三位，相當於<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>金紫光禄大夫的官職，所以這裏用<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>制。<span class="zhuanming">石上宅嗣</span>當時與<span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>並稱爲“文人之首”，曾於<span class="zhuanming">天平寶字</span>五年（公元七六一年）被任命爲<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00101','1244427',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P101</span></i>遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>副使，但於次年卽罷。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#840" id="842">（2）</a>歇，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“剗”，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本作“󵻊”，而<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本則筆跡難認。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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《唐大和上東征傳》一卷
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152596" key="1152596"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 唐大和上東征傳 &gt; 《唐大和上東征傳》一卷 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152597" key="1152597"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00097','1244424',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P97</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000013"><b>《唐大和上東征傳》一卷<a class="zhuhao" href="#805" id="803">（1）</a></b></p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00098','1244424',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P98</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">寶龜</span>十年歲次己未二月八日己卯撰<a class="zhuhao" href="#806" id="804">（2）</a></span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#803" id="805">（1）</a>《唐大和上東征傳》一卷，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本作《唐大和上東征傳》，闕“一卷”兩字。<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本作《法務贈大僧正唐鑑真過海大師東征傳一卷》，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本在書名下另有“<span class="zhuanming">天台</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>撰”七字。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#804" id="806">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">寶龜</span>十年歲次己未二月八日己卯撰，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本闕此十五字，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本在“二月八日己卯”下更有“<span class="zhuanming">真人元開</span>”四字。<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本作“撰之”。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">寶龜</span>十年，公元七七九年，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">代宗</span><span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>十四年。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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五言初謁大和上二首并序
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152600" key="1152600"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 唐大和上東征傳 &gt; 五言初謁大和上二首并序 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152601" key="1152601"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00098','1244425',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P98</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000014"><b>五言初謁大和上二首并序<a class="zhuhao" href="#822" id="807">（1）</a></b></p><p> <span>聞夫佛法東流，<span class="zhuanming">摩騰</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#823" id="808">（2）</a>入於<span class="zhuanming">伊洛</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#824" id="809">（3）</a>；真教南被，<span class="zhuanming">僧會</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#825" id="810">（4）</a>遊於<span class="zhuanming">吴都</span>。未喪斯文，必有命世；将弘兹道<a class="zhuhao" href="#826" id="811">（5）</a>，實待明賢。我皇帝據此龍圖<a class="zhuhao" href="#827" id="812">（6）</a>，濟蒼生於八表<a class="zhuhao" href="#828" id="813">（7）</a>，受彼佛記，導黔首<a class="zhuhao" href="#829" id="814">（8）</a>於三乘<a class="zhuhao" href="#830" id="815">（9）</a>，則有負鼎擲〔鈞〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#831" id="816">（10）</a>，雖比肩於絳闕<a class="zhuhao" href="#832" id="817">（11）</a>，而乘盃聽鐸，未連影於玄門。爰有<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和上，張戒網<a class="zhuhao" href="#833" id="818">（12）</a>而曾臨，<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>闍棃，照知炬而戾止<a class="zhuhao" href="#834" id="819">（13）</a>。像化多士，於斯爲盛；玄風不墮，實賴兹焉。弟子浪跡囂塵，馳心真際<a class="zhuhao" href="#835" id="820">（14）</a>，奉三歸<a class="zhuhao" href="#836" id="821">（15）</a>之有地，欣一覺之非遥。欲贊芳猷，聊奮弱管云爾。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#807" id="822">（1）</a>《五言初謁大和上二首并序》作者，除<span class="zhuanming">北川</span>本外均不署名，<span class="zhuanming">北川</span>本則署“<span class="zhuanming">淡海真人元開</span>”六字。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00099','1244425',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P99</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#808" id="823">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">摩騰</span>，指<span class="zhuanming">迦葉摩騰</span>。他和<span class="zhuanming">竺法蘭</span>於<span class="zhuanming">後漢</span><span class="zhuanming">永平</span>十年（公元六七年）應<span class="zhuanming">明帝</span>之請到達<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>，從事《四十二章經》的翻譯。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#809" id="824">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">伊洛</span>，指<span class="zhuanming">河南</span>西部的<span class="zhuanming">伊川</span>與<span class="zhuanming">洛河</span>。比作<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>而言。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#810" id="825">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">僧會</span>，指<span class="zhuanming">康僧會</span>，於<span class="zhuanming">三國</span><span class="zhuanming">吴</span><span class="zhuanming">赤烏</span>十年（公元二四七年）入<span class="zhuanming">吴</span>都<span class="zhuanming">建業</span>弘法的事。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#811" id="826">（5）</a>將弘兹道，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“人將弘兹道”，<span class="zhuanming">北川</span>本有頭注“兹道一作聖道”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#812" id="827">（6）</a>龍圖，指國土﹑版圖，古代傳説中稱龍馬從河水中背出的圖。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#813" id="828">（7）</a>八表，指八方以外極遠的地方。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#814" id="829">（8）</a>黔首，指黎民百姓。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#815" id="830">（9）</a>三乘，指聲聞乘﹑緣覺乘和菩薩乘。這裏泛指佛法。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#816" id="831">（10）</a>鈞，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“鉤”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本作“釣”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本校改。鼎和鈞，在這裏均作重任意。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#817" id="832">（11）</a>闕，宫門。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#818" id="833">（12）</a>戒網，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本作“戒綱”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#819" id="834">（13）</a>戾止，來臨。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#820" id="835">（14）</a>真際，指真諦之際，佛法。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#821" id="836">（15）</a>三歸，佛家稱歸依佛﹑歸依法﹑歸依僧爲三歸。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">摩騰</span>遊<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>闕，<span class="zhuanming">僧會</span>入<span class="zhuanming">吴</span>宫。豈若真和上，含章渡海東。禪林戒網密，慧苑覺花豐。欲識玄津路，緇門<a class="zhuhao" href="#838" id="837">（1）</a>得妙工。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00100','1244425',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P100</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#837" id="838">（1）</a>緇門，佛門，因佛徒穿黑衣。</span> </p><p> <span>我是無明客，長迷有漏津。今朝蒙善誘，懷抱絶埃塵。道種將萌夏，空花更落春。自歸三寶德，誰畏六魔瞋。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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四、《東征傳》和《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑真傳》間的關係
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152604" key="1152604"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 作者及版本簡介 &gt; 四、《東征傳》和《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑真傳》間的關係 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152605" key="1152605"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00025','1244422',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P25</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000010"><b>四﹑《東征傳》和《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑真傳》間的關係</b></p><p> <span>上面説過真人<span class="zhuanming">元開</span>之撰述《唐大和上東征傳》是出於<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>弟子<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>的請求，而<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>本人，也撰有《東征傳》三卷。這些事，在許多文獻中都有記載。其中最主要的是<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>所撰的《宋高僧傳》和<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">唐招提寺</span><span class="zhuanming">義澄</span>所撰的《招提千歲傳記》。其他文獻中的記載，很可能據此而來的。</span> </p><p> <span>《宋高僧傳》的《唐揚州大雲寺鑑真傳》中，最後一句説：</span> </p><p> <span>“僧<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>著《東征傳》詳述焉。”</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00026','1244422',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P26</span></i><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">義澄</span>在《招提千歲傳記》卷三下撰述篇中，也説<a class="zhuhao" href="#15" id="7">（3）</a>：</span> </p><p> <span>《東征傳》三卷</span> <span class="font12 zhu">（<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>之述）</span> <span>　同一卷</span> <span class="font12 zhu">（<span class="zhuanming">真人元開</span>之撰，是云《略傳》；指<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>之述，云《廣傳》也。）</span> </p><p> <span>因爲這樣，所以有許多人都認爲<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>所寫的，也是《東征傳》<a class="zhuhao" href="#16" id="8">（4）</a>，甚而將它和<span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>所撰的相混，或有認爲《唐大和上東征傳》是兩人合寫的。其實，這些都是錯誤的，事實上並不如此。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">思託</span>是寫過有關其師<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚事蹟的傳記，從上面所引《日本高僧傳要文鈔》中轉録《延曆僧録》中，<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>在其自叙傳中所記的話看來，這一點是完全可以肯定的。但是有一點必須弄清，就是<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>所寫的<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>傳記，決不是今天我們所見到的<span class="zhuanming">真人元開</span>撰述的《唐大和上東征傳》；而其名稱也不是《東征傳》。據今天從一些文獻中知道，<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>所撰寫的傳記的全部名稱是：《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑真傳》，簡稱《大和尚傳》。這傳記是<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>在<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚生前所撰寫的，其内容雖然也和《唐大和上東征傳》一樣是記述<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚的事蹟，但比起來要詳盡多了。這一點，<span class="zhuanming">義澄</span>是知道的，所以他在《招提千歲傳記》中稱《大和尚傳》爲《廣傳》，而稱《東征傳》爲《略傳》，界限很清。總之，兩者不是一件事，決不能把<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>撰的《大和尚傳》誤作<span class="zhuanming">真人元開</span>寫的《東征傳》，也不能把兩者相混，或認爲是兩人合作的。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">思託</span>所撰的《大和尚傳》，因爲其名稱太長，所以在<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>從古以來就有將其簡化，加以略稱的。可是從許多<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的古文<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00027','1244422',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P27</span></i>獻和資料看來，儘管其有許多略稱，却没有一個將《大和尚傳》略稱爲《東征傳》的。例如在《一心戒文》中，將其略成《名記傳》，《上宫太子拾遺記》中又把之略成《唐招提寺大和上三卷傳》，《東大寺要録》中則簡稱爲《傳戒大師三卷傳》或《傳戒和尚傳》。因此説，<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>之把《東征傳》的著述，歸諸於<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>，可能是出於傳聞之誤<a class="zhuhao" href="#17" id="9">（5）</a>；而<span class="zhuanming">義澄</span>呢，雖然知道有一廣一略，但却並不知道其他，很可能祇見到了《宋高僧傳》中的記載，或祇從<span class="zhuanming">唐招提寺</span>遺留下來的記載中，知道<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>也曾寫過<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚的傳記，而並没有見到過《大和尚傳》的原文或逸文，因此仍襲了<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>的提法<a class="zhuhao" href="#18" id="10">（6）</a>，把<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>的《大和尚傳》也名之爲《東征傳》，而以廣略分别<span class="zhuanming">真人元開</span>的《東征傳》。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">思託</span>的《大和尚傳》今天雖已不存，但還可以從《聖德太子傳曆》﹑《平氏傳雜勘文》﹑《東大寺要録》﹑《顯戒論》和《華嚴二種生死義》紙背文書中見到其逸文。從其逸文能在上述經傳中見到一事，可以推想到大概在<span class="zhuanming">鎌倉</span>時代，這三卷本的《大和尚傳》還在。</span> </p><p> <span>《東征傳》雖然不是《大和尚傳》，兩者也不能相混；但是從《東征傳》的行文看來，我們有足够的證據説，《東征傳》是在《大和尚傳》的基礎上簡化﹑加工而成的，其中還有些部分是直接引用，保存了《大和尚傳》原文的。</span> </p><p> <span>現在簡單地提出一些證據來：</span> </p><p> <span>《東征傳》中，除了第六次以外，其他幾次隨行人員的名字排列中，最後一人總是<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>。按照一般情況而論，這種名字的<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00028','1244422',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P28</span></i>排列，都是，也應該是以品學的優劣爲先後次序的，是不是説每次隨行人員中，<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>的品學最次呢？不是的，從《東征傳》的記載中可以知道，<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>的品學，無論在那一次中，決不是最次的，其與<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>的關係決不是一般的師弟關係，而是極爲親密的。今天我們雖没有很多的材料來加證明，但就從《東征傳》所記述的一些簡單史實中，就足够説明了。如果<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>的關係不是極密切，爲<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>所器重的話，<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>也決不可能“始終六度，經逾十二年”。雖歷盡艱辛，備嘗漂泊之苦，而總無退心的。再看<span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>在臨寂化前問<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>：“大和上睡覺否？”並要他轉告大和上卽將死别等情況看來，可以想像到，<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>一定極受<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>所器重，儘管他的名字並没有列入“其弟子中超羣拔萃，爲世師範者”的十五人之中，但也一定在“並爲翹楚，各在一方，弘法於世，導化羣生”的另外二十人中。另外從<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>隨<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>東渡到<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>之後，受比他們先到的<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>之託，爲其弟子<span class="zhuanming">忍基</span>等講《勵疏》﹑《鎮國記》等四五年之久一事看來，<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>品學的優秀是出類拔萃的。否則，來自同一個國家的<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>是不可能把爲其弟子講經的責任相委的。</span> </p><p> <span>和<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>的情況相比，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>的隨行人員中，魚龍混雜，有的的確品德差劣，不堪爲人師範的。像第一次渡航之前，<span class="zhuanming">道航</span>曾指責隨行的<span class="zhuanming">高麗</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">如海</span>説：“今向他國，爲傳戒法，人皆高德，行業肅清。<span class="zhuanming">如海</span>等少學，可停却矣。”</span> </p><p> <span>從這些旁證中説明<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>的品德學問，在和<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>的關係各方面，比其他隨行人員來，都是比較高的。可是，現在我們所<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00029','1244422',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P29</span></i>能在《東征傳》中見到的，除了最後一次外，每次他都名排最後，爲什麽？除了用<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>本人就是這文章的作者，出於謙虚而把自已名列到最後<a class="zhuhao" href="#19" id="11">（7）</a>這理由來解釋以外，就没有其他方法可以説明。這是第一個證明。</span> </p><p> <span>其次，《東征傳》中，每逢提到有關<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>人﹑事的時候，常有加上“<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>”兩字的。例如：“又與<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>同學僧<span class="zhuanming">玄朗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">玄法</span>二人，俱下至<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>”，“<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>十二載，歲次癸巳十月十五日壬午，<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>使：大使特進<span class="zhuanming">藤原朝臣清河</span>……”，“大使已下共議曰，方今<span class="zhuanming">廣陵郡</span>又覺和上向<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>，將欲搜舟，若被搜得，爲使有殃”等等。以一個<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>人而寫<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的事和人時，不僅是一般，卽在想像中也决不會特别冠以“<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>”兩字的國號來加識别的；尤其是在“<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>十二載……<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>使”這一小段中，前面談到對於真人<span class="zhuanming">元開</span>説來是外國的<span class="zhuanming">唐朝</span>年號時，並没有加以“<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>”字樣以識别，可是到後面提及其本國的遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使時，却稱之爲“<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>使”。這不很清楚地説明了，這文章原來不是出於<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>人之手，而是由<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>人執筆的。這樣一來，所有疑團就可迎刃而解，這樣的表現也就成爲理所當然了。既然不是出於<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>人的<span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>之手，那麽這執筆的<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>人又是誰呢？從資料中知道，祇有<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>曾以<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚的事蹟爲内容寫過《大和尚傳》，而且其内容比較詳盡，寫作年代也在《東征傳》前。這樣毫無疑問，這些文章都出自<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>之手。</span> </p><p> <span>根據這些例證，可以得出一個大致上不會相差太遠的結論，就是真人<span class="zhuanming">元開</span>在撰寫《唐大和上東征傳》時，是以<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>所撰<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00030','1244422',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P30</span></i>《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑真傳》爲範本，在這基礎上簡化而成的；有的部分，特别是東渡之前在<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>的部分，極有可能是直接移用或保留了<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>原文的<a class="zhuhao" href="#20" id="12">（8）</a>。</span> </p>注释          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="13">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">思託</span>撰述的《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑真傳》的逸文，大概有七百六十字左右收録在《東大寺要録》卷四《諸院章·戒壇院條》内（見《續羣書類從》本第十一《宗教部》）。最近二十年，又有所發見。<span class="zhuanming">堀池春峰</span>在《唐大和上東征傳》（<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本）的解説中提到這逸文時，是這樣説的：“<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>的《鑑真傳》逸文，僅能從《太子傳》﹑《平氏雜勘文》﹑《東大寺要録》﹑《顯戒論》和最近發見的《華嚴二種生死義》的紙背文書中見到而已。”所以現在所能見到的逸文，可能已不止七百多字。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="14">（2）</a>Bulletin de l’Ecole Francaise d’Extrême-Orient，Hanoi.</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#7" id="15">（3）</a>《招提千歲傳記》卷中之一，《明律篇》中，有《唐台州開元寺思託律師傳》文，其中説：“……著《東征傳》三卷，以記大祖一代之遺跡。……”</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#8" id="16">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">師蠻</span>所撰的《本朝高僧傳》卷二，《唐大明寺沙門鑑真傳》中，也有這樣的記載：“上足<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>律師，白衣弟子<span class="zhuanming">真人玄開</span>，各撰《東征傳》一卷。”</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">在其所援引的書目中，也同時並列，但稱<span class="zhuanming">元開</span>所撰爲《和字傳》，這可能是<span class="zhuanming">師蠻</span>祇憑傳聞，並未親見所致：</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">“《鑑真和尚東征傳》（思託撰）　《同和字傳》（玄開撰）”</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">百拙山人</span>在《羣書類從》本《東征傳》的題後中，也説：“余聞<span class="zhuanming">真公</span>上足<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>師著《東征傳》，具述其始末；比年咨謀而無所得之。”</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#9" id="17">（5）</a><span class="zhuanming">小杉一雄</span>在《肉身像及遺灰像的研究》（《東洋學報》24—3；1937.5）一文中説：“從上述《宋高僧傳》所抄文看來，其最後有‘僧<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>著<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00031','1244422',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P31</span></i>《東征傳》詳述焉’一語看來，可以很清楚地知道<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>在當時是知道有‘廣傳’之存在的。”</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#10" id="18">（6）</a><span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>在一九五六年十二月致我的信中，談到過這事，他的意見是：</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">“我認爲，<span class="zhuanming">義澄</span>可能從寺（<span class="zhuanming">唐招提寺</span>——筆者）傳中知道和上的傳略有廣略兩本的存在，但他並没有見到過，甚而根本没有有關《大和上傳》的知識，因此他就根據<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>在《宋高僧傳》中所記的，而認爲<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>所撰的，也是《東征傳》，所以在《千歲傳》中就寫上‘《東征傳》三卷，<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>之述’。”</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">他這種意見，我是同意的。但<span class="zhuanming">義澄</span>的撰述《招提千歲傳記》，是<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>元禄十四年（公元一七○一年，<span class="zhuanming">清聖祖</span><span class="zhuanming">康熙</span>四十年）的事，説他對《大和上傳》有關的知識一些也没有，怕也不確。更巧的，上面所引的<span class="zhuanming">師蠻</span>所撰《本朝高僧傳》，是在<span class="zhuanming">義澄</span>撰《千歲傳》之後一年，卽<span class="zhuanming">元禄</span>十五年（公元一七○二年）；而<span class="zhuanming">但陰</span><span class="zhuanming">興國</span><span class="zhuanming">禪寺</span>的<span class="zhuanming">百拙山人</span>，其所寫的《題唐大和上東征記後》的題記，則更在二十年之後。難道他們都絲毫没有有關《大和上傳》的知識嗎？因此，我以爲他們（從<span class="zhuanming">義澄</span>起）在當時是没有見到過《大和上傳》的逸文，更談不上本文了（本文在<span class="zhuanming">鎌倉</span>時代以後就已逸散，因此可能在那時候已没有本文存在了）。而對於《大和上傳》的知識，不是没有，祇是局限於<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>在《宋高僧傳》中所述和《延曆僧録》中所引《從高僧沙門釋思託傳》中，<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>自己寫的：“……<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>述和上行記，兼請<span class="zhuanming">淡海真人</span><span class="zhuanming">元開</span>述《和上東行傳筌》；……”因而認爲<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>所撰的，也以《東征傳》爲名，而没有想到是另有其名的。由此，更進一步的認爲，<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>所撰和<span class="zhuanming">淡海三船</span>撰的，祇有詳簡﹑廣略之别而已，所以就仍襲了<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>的説法。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">這種想法，很可能是存在在當時佛教界中普遍而一般的想法，否則不可能在先後二十年中，不在同一個人筆下，都有同樣的錯誤發生。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#11" id="19">（7）</a>關於<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>的情况，現在很少文獻資料可據。連其自敍傳《從高<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00032','1244422',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P32</span></i>僧沙門釋思託傳》中所述，也很簡單。他説：“又云，史記有自敍。<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>，<span class="zhuanming">沂州</span>人，住<span class="zhuanming">開元寺</span>，後入<span class="zhuanming">五台山</span>；俗姓<span class="zhuanming">王氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">瑯琊</span><span class="zhuanming">王仙人</span><span class="zhuanming">王𠳮</span>之後。……”這一些當然無法説明<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>的品學道德，以及其在<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>門下的情况。至於《東征傳》中所記：“其弟子中超羣拔萃，爲世師範者，卽有<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">崇福寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>……<span class="zhuanming">天台山</span><span class="zhuanming">國清寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">法雲</span>等三十五人，并爲翹楚，各在一方，弘法於世，導化羣生。”這一段中，提出名字的祇有十五人，其中没有<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>在内。這也可能和把其自己的名字，排列在最後那樣，是出於謙虚。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#12" id="20">（8）</a><span class="zhuanming">柿村重松</span>在《上代日本漢文學史》中説：“案《東征傳》在記述東征之際，文辭健達森嚴。加以描述航海之艱辛，敍事詳盡淋漓，記物清晰明瞭，非身歷其境的人，不能道其詳，更難如此逼真。然其在敍及到達<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>以後的部份，則筆鋒頗見軟弱，而且混有和習之迹（按指<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>文風），與前迥異。更甚者在前部僧名之排列，必先<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>僧，次<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>僧，最後始爲<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>；而至後部則不再依此順序，<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>之名不僅排列到中間，而且還有稱之爲<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>師者。故以爲其前部出諸<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>之手，而後部則由<span class="zhuanming">三船</span>所續。卽<span class="zhuanming">三船</span>據<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>原撰續貂而成，亦非無稽之談。”（頁117—118）</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">藏中進</span>反對這種説法，他説：“將廣傳中有關部份與《東征傳》中相當部份對照比較後，卽可知道《東征傳》是頗忠實於廣傳，而祇把它節簡而已。當然從文章的表現結構而論，《東征傳》是吸收了廣傳長處的。但從内容而論，那麽《東征傳》是有别於廣傳的。因此<span class="zhuanming">柿村</span>氏把《東征傳》説成是上半部出諸<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>之手，而下半部卽東渡至<span class="zhuanming">日</span>後由<span class="zhuanming">元開</span>所寫的説法是完全没有成立餘地的。當然説《東征傳》是節略删修廣傳而成，那是可以的。”</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
唐大和上東征傳
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv20215" key="20215"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 唐大和上東征傳 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv20216" key="20216"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00033','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P33</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000012"><b>唐大和上東征傳<a class="zhuhao" href="#26" id="21">（1）</a></b></p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">眞人元開〔撰〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#27" id="22">（2）</a></span> </p><p> <span>大和上<a class="zhuhao" href="#28" id="23">（3）</a>諱<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>，<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">江陽縣</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#29" id="24">（4）</a>人也，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">淳于</span>，<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>〔大夫〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#30" id="25">（5）</a><span class="zhuanming">髡</span>之後。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#21" id="26">（1）</a>《唐大和上東征傳》，<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>本和<span class="zhuanming">北川</span>本均作《法務贈大僧正唐鑑真過海大師東征傳》。有關《東征傳》情況，請參閲本書《〈唐大和上東征傳〉作者及版本簡介》一文。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#22" id="27">（2）</a>撰，《羣書類從》本原闕，但他本都有，今據補。又<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本作“<span class="zhuanming">天台</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>與<span class="zhuanming">真人元開</span>撰”，誤，參閲簡介一文。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#23" id="28">（3）</a>和上，<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>文Upādhyāya在西域語中的訛譯。在<span class="zhuanming">印度</span>是對博學之士﹑教師的通稱，上﹑尚二字，古代通用。我國則常用以稱呼佛教僧侣爲和尚，而和上﹑大和上則指修道高深的師僧。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#24" id="29">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">江陽縣</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">江蘇省</span><span class="zhuanming">揚州市</span>東部一帶。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#25" id="30">（5）</a>“大夫”兩字，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“人”字，<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>及<span class="zhuanming">唐招提寺</span>甲本（<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>甲本）作“<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>大<span class="zhuanming">髡</span>之後”，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本系統則作“<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>辨士<span class="zhuanming">髡</span>之後也”。《大日本佛教全書》本又將“辨”改爲“辯”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00034','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P34</span></i><p> <span>其父先就<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#51" id="31">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">智滿</span>禪師<a class="zhuhao" href="#52" id="32">（2）</a>受戒，學禪門。大和上年十四<a class="zhuhao" href="#53" id="33">（3）</a>，隨父入寺，見佛像感動心，因請父求出家；父奇其志，許焉。是時，<span class="zhuanming">大周</span><span class="zhuanming">則天</span><span class="zhuanming">長安</span>元年<a class="zhuhao" href="#54" id="34">（4）</a>有詔于天下諸州度僧，便〔就〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#55" id="35">（5）</a><span class="zhuanming">智滿</span>禪師出家爲沙彌<a class="zhuhao" href="#56" id="36">（6）</a>，配住<span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span></span> <span class="font12 zhu">後改爲<span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#57" id="37">（7）</a>。</span> <span><span class="zhuanming">唐中宗</span><span class="zhuanming">孝和</span>〔聖〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#58" id="38">（8）</a>皇帝<span class="zhuanming">神龍</span>元年<a class="zhuhao" href="#59" id="39">（9）</a>，從<span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>律師<a class="zhuhao" href="#60" id="40">（10）</a>受菩薩戒<a class="zhuhao" href="#61" id="41">（11）</a>。<span class="zhuanming">景龍</span>元年<a class="zhuhao" href="#62" id="42">（12）</a>杖錫<span class="zhuanming">東都</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#63" id="43">（13）</a>，因入<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>。其二年三月二十八日，於<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">實際寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#64" id="44">（14）</a>登壇受具足戒。<a class="zhuhao" href="#65" id="45">（15）</a><span class="zhuanming">荆州</span><span class="zhuanming">南泉寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#66" id="46">（16）</a><span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>律師<a class="zhuhao" href="#67" id="47">（17）</a>爲和上巡遊二京<a class="zhuhao" href="#68" id="48">（18）</a>，究學三藏<a class="zhuhao" href="#69" id="49">（19）</a>。後歸<span class="zhuanming">淮</span>南，教授戒律；<span class="zhuanming">江</span><span class="zhuanming">淮</span>之間，獨爲化主<a class="zhuhao" href="#70" id="50">（20）</a>。於是興建佛事，濟化羣生，其事繁多，不可俱載。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#31" id="51">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">顧况</span>有《廣陵白沙大雲寺碑》。據《唐會要》卷48寺條下：“<span class="zhuanming">天授</span>元年十月二十九日，兩京及天下諸州各置<span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span>一所。至<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>二十六年六月一日，並改爲<span class="zhuanming">開元寺</span>。”則以後的<span class="zhuanming">開元寺</span>，當就是當時的<span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#32" id="52">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">智滿</span>禪師，不詳。《大日本佛教全書》本在“<span class="zhuanming">智滿</span>禪師”下註有“《神僧傳》五﹑《續高僧傳》十九”字樣，這是錯誤的。按《神僧傳》五及《續高僧傳》十九所列傳的<span class="zhuanming">智滿</span>是<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>初人，<span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>二年（公元六二八年）以七十八高齡逝世，不可能當<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>的師僧，當係同名異人。<span class="zhuanming">高楠</span>氏不察誤註。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#33" id="53">（3）</a>《大和尚傳》作“十六出家，十有八歲受菩薩戒”（《顯戒論》卷上所收）。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00035','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P35</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#34" id="54">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">長安</span>元年（公元七○一年，<span class="zhuanming">日</span><span class="zhuanming">文武天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">大寶</span>元年），在史籍上不見有《東征傳》所載詔天下諸州度僧之事。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#35" id="55">（5）</a>就，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“有”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#36" id="56">（6）</a>沙彌，初出家的童僧稱爲沙彌﹑童女僧稱爲沙彌尼，一般要受十戒。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#37" id="57">（7）</a>“後改爲<span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>”六字，各本均作正文。但<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">大江親通</span>在《七大寺巡禮私記》<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>條所引<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>傳中，則作“生年十四，就<span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span><span class="zhuanming">智滿</span>禪師出家，住<span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span></span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">後改爲<span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">”<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>認爲，這正是《東征傳》的原始形式，不知什麽時候，在傳抄中將這六字從類注攙入正文的。他又舉<span class="zhuanming">劒阿</span>手筆的，目下藏於《金澤文庫》的《東征傳》殘簡中，這六字也作夾注而非正文。這意見是正確的，按我國慣例幾均如此，因據<span class="zhuanming">安藤</span>意見改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#38" id="58">（8）</a>聖，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#39" id="59">（9）</a><span class="zhuanming">神龍</span>元年，公元七○五年，<span class="zhuanming">日</span><span class="zhuanming">文武天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">慶雲</span>二年。聖皇帝之聖字，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕，據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#40" id="60">（10）</a><span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>，《宋高僧傳》卷第十四有傳。<span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>是<span class="zhuanming">景龍</span>三年（公元七○九年）應詔入京的，當時似在<span class="zhuanming">江</span><span class="zhuanming">淮</span>之間。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#41" id="61">（11）</a>戒，指佛教的戒律。根據<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>東渡前<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>方面佛教的制度是，不經過受戒就不能承認其僧籍，在僧侣中的地位席次，要依照其受戒先後而定，不依年齡或學識。而當時<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>還没有這種制度。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">受戒有一定的儀式，卽所謂三師七證，不經過這十師的證明，而但經自誓的稱爲自誓戒，卽自度或私度。在當時<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>是<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00036','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P36</span></i>不承認其僧籍的，而<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>却不然。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">戒分大乘戒（也稱菩薩戒）和小乘戒（也稱聲聞戒）兩種，菩薩戒中包括了聲聞戒，要求的戒條有250條（比丘）及348條（比丘尼）之多，内容極爲繁雜。祇有通過菩薩戒及十遮十三難（遮指爲僧所必須具備的條件，難指禁止事項）的考問，認爲合格以後才承認其資格，這稱爲具足戒。受聲聞戒時不一定要有三師七證，可是受具足戒時就非有三師七證不可。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">三師指戒和上，就是直接授戒的師僧，是授戒中最高責任者，必須是德高望重的。其次是教授師，在戒場指導受戒僧侣作法的師僧。另一師是羯磨師，直接在戒場詢問考驗受戒僧的師僧。一般受戒前由教授師檢問受戒僧的資格，然後由羯磨師詢問考查，經過三次詢問考查以後，再由戒和上作最後決定。受戒儀式完成後，卽具備了僧籍。所謂具足戒，就是圓滿完全的戒。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>東渡以前，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>由於不具備授戒的條件，所以一般都祇受過菩薩戒，或自誓戒而已。因此<span class="zhuanming">元興寺</span><span class="zhuanming">隆尊</span>的奏文中説：“於我國中雖有律，未聞傳戒人。幸簉玄門，嘆無戒足。”</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#42" id="62">（12）</a><span class="zhuanming">景龍</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐中宗</span>年號。<span class="zhuanming">景龍</span>元年當公元七○七年，<span class="zhuanming">日</span><span class="zhuanming">文</span><span class="zhuanming">武天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">慶雲</span>四年；二年，七○八年，<span class="zhuanming">日</span><span class="zhuanming">元明</span><span class="zhuanming">天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">和銅</span>元年。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#43" id="63">（13）</a><span class="zhuanming">東都</span>，指<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#44" id="64">（14）</a><span class="zhuanming">西京</span>，指<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>。<span class="zhuanming">實際寺</span>，爲<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>代所建，後改爲<span class="zhuanming">温國寺</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">樂善寺</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#45" id="65">（15）</a>《華嚴二種生死義》卷四紙背文書的<span class="zhuanming">滿意</span>律師傳中，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00037','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P37</span></i>對<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>此次登壇所受具足戒時情況，記述頗詳，且列其三師七證的名爲：<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">總持寺</span>的<span class="zhuanming">儀</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">薦福寺</span>的<span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">荆州</span><span class="zhuanming">揚溪寺</span><span class="zhuanming">俊</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">崇福寺</span>大德<span class="zhuanming">禮</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">崇聖寺</span>的<span class="zhuanming">綱</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">聞惠</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">薦福寺</span>的<span class="zhuanming">思惠</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">恒</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">志</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">荷恩寺</span>的<span class="zhuanming">法藏</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">園</span>律師以及<span class="zhuanming">荆州</span><span class="zhuanming">南泉寺</span>的<span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>律師共十二人。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#46" id="66">（16）</a><span class="zhuanming">荆州</span><span class="zhuanming">南泉寺</span>，《宋高僧傳》作<span class="zhuanming">玉泉寺</span>，因此向來有不少以爲應作<span class="zhuanming">玉泉寺</span>者，但<span class="zhuanming">荆州</span><span class="zhuanming">玉泉寺</span>南另有<span class="zhuanming">南泉寺</span>，以<span class="zhuanming">惠真</span>爲其首。故<span class="zhuanming">南泉寺</span>之應否作<span class="zhuanming">玉泉寺</span>，應依<span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>所在爲據。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#47" id="67">（17）</a><span class="zhuanming">荆</span>州<span class="zhuanming">南泉寺</span><span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>律師，各傳本均同，但<span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>很可能爲<span class="zhuanming">恒景</span>之誤，<span class="zhuanming">南泉寺</span>也可能爲<span class="zhuanming">玉泉寺</span>之誤。<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>《宋高僧傳》卷第十四《唐揚州大雲寺鑑真傳》中作：“於<span class="zhuanming">實際寺</span>依<span class="zhuanming">荆州</span><span class="zhuanming">恒景</span>律師邊得戒。”同書卷第五，有《唐荆州玉泉寺恒景傳》中稱<span class="zhuanming">恒景</span>於<span class="zhuanming">景龍</span>三年“奏乞歸山，勅允其請”前，在<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>宫内爲授戒師，與<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和上在那里受戒的時間正相合，因此疑此兩字係屬輾轉傳抄時所發生的錯誤。又近人<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">常盤大定</span>所撰《古大明寺唐鑑真和尚遺址碑記》中亦作：“<span class="zhuanming">景龍</span>初，抵<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>，依<span class="zhuanming">荆州</span><span class="zhuanming">恒景</span>律師禀具<span class="zhuanming">實際寺</span>。”惟《華嚴二種生死義》紙背文書作“<span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>傳”，所引《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑真傳》逸文中，亦作“<span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>律師初受戒了……”。因作“<span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>”。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#48" id="68">（18）</a>二京指<span class="zhuanming">東都</span><span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">長安</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#49" id="69">（19）</a>三藏指經﹑律﹑論，佛教經典的總稱。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#50" id="70">（20）</a>化主，受戒之主。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00038','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P38</span></i><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">日本〔國</span>〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#82" id="71">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">天平</span>五年<a class="zhuhao" href="#83" id="72">（2）</a>，歲次癸酉，沙門<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#84" id="73">（3）</a>等隨遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>大使<span class="zhuanming">丹墀真人廣成</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#85" id="74">（4）</a>，至<span class="zhuanming">唐國</span>留學。是〔歲〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#86" id="75">（5）</a>，<span class="zhuanming">唐開元</span>二十一年也<a class="zhuhao" href="#87" id="76">（6）</a>。<span class="zhuanming">唐國</span>諸寺三藏﹑大德，皆以戒律<a class="zhuhao" href="#88" id="77">（7）</a>爲入道之正門；若有不持戒者，不齒於僧中。於是，方知本國無傳戒<a class="zhuhao" href="#89" id="78">（8）</a>人。仍請<span class="zhuanming">東都</span><span class="zhuanming">大福〔先〕寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#90" id="79">（9）</a>沙門<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#91" id="80">（10）</a>律師，附副使<span class="zhuanming">中臣朝臣名代</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#92" id="81">（11）</a>之〔舶〕，先向本國去，擬爲傳戒者也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#71" id="82">（1）</a>國，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本等原闕此字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#72" id="83">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">天平</span>，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">聖武天皇</span>年號。<span class="zhuanming">天平</span>五年，卽公元七三三年，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span><span class="zhuanming">開元</span>二十一年。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#73" id="84">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">美濃</span>（現<span class="zhuanming">岐阜縣</span>）人，當時是<span class="zhuanming">奈良</span><span class="zhuanming">興福寺</span>僧，《延曆僧録》中有傳。<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>，《延曆僧録》傳中稱他是<span class="zhuanming">興福寺</span>僧，但《三國佛法傳通緣起》卷下律宗中，則稱其爲<span class="zhuanming">大安寺</span>僧。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#74" id="85">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">丹墀真人廣成</span>卽<span class="zhuanming">多治比廣成</span>。公元七三二年（<span class="zhuanming">日</span><span class="zhuanming">天平</span>四年）八月被任命爲遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>大使，<span class="zhuanming">中臣名代</span>爲副使。次年閏三月辭見，自<span class="zhuanming">奈良</span>出發。四月乘船離<span class="zhuanming">難波津</span>赴<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#75" id="86">（5）</a>歲，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本等原作“年”，惟<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本作“歲”，由下面的行文習慣而論，“歲”勝於“年”，且<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本鈔録時間亦早於他本，故據校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#76" id="87">（6）</a><span class="zhuanming">開元</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐玄宗</span>年號。<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>二十一年，卽<span class="zhuanming">天平</span>五年，公元七三三年。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00039','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P39</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#77" id="88">（7）</a>戒律，佛的戒律，有五戒﹑十善戒乃至二百五十戒。參閲前注。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#78" id="89">（8）</a>方知本國無傳戒人，公元七三三年，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">天平</span>五年，<span class="zhuanming">元興寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">隆尊</span>因<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>國内雖有律，可是没有具有威信的授戒人。因此提出要到<span class="zhuanming">唐朝</span>敦請傳戒師的建議，經<span class="zhuanming">舍人親王</span>同意替他奏准，因派<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>隨遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使一行到<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#79" id="90">（9）</a><span class="zhuanming">大福先寺</span>，原作“大福光寺”，誤，據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本改。按據<span class="zhuanming">徐松</span>《唐兩京城坊考》，<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>祇有<span class="zhuanming">福先寺</span>，在<span class="zhuanming">北延福坊</span>；而無“福光寺”。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#80" id="91">（10）</a><span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>僧，<span class="zhuanming">許州</span>人。<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span><span class="zhuanming">大福先寺</span><span class="zhuanming">增算</span>和尚弟子。<span class="zhuanming">天平</span>八年（公元七三六年）與<span class="zhuanming">婆羅門</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">菩提</span>同時隨遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>副使<span class="zhuanming">中臣名代</span>之船回國。<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>一行是同年五月十八日到<span class="zhuanming">筑紫</span>太宰府的，七月入朝拜見。住<span class="zhuanming">大安寺</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#81" id="92">（11）</a><span class="zhuanming">中臣名代</span>，這次遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>副使。<span class="zhuanming">天平</span>八年五月一行平安回國後，<span class="zhuanming">中臣名代</span>又被遣入<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>。《册府元龜》卷九九九外臣部中有這樣的記載：“（<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>）二十三年閏十一月，<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>遣其臣<span class="zhuanming">名代</span>來朝，獻表，懇求《老子》經本及天尊像，以歸於國，發揚聖教。許之。”</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>留學<span class="zhuanming">唐國</span>，已經十載，雖不待使，而欲早歸；於是，請<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">安國寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#97" id="93">（1）</a>僧<span class="zhuanming">道航</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">澄觀</span>，<span class="zhuanming">東都</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">德清</span>，<span class="zhuanming">高麗</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">如海</span>；又請得宰相<span class="zhuanming">李林甫</span>之兄<span class="zhuanming">林宗</span>之書，與<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>倉曹<a class="zhuhao" href="#98" id="94">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">李湊</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#99" id="95">（3）</a>，令造大舟，備糧送遣。又與<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00040','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P40</span></i>同學僧<span class="zhuanming">玄朗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">玄法</span>二人，俱下至<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>。是歲，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>元載<a class="zhuhao" href="#100" id="96">（4）</a>冬十月</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">天平</span>十四年，歲次壬午。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#93" id="97">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">安國寺</span>，應該稱<span class="zhuanming">大安國寺</span>，在<span class="zhuanming">長安</span><span class="zhuanming">長樂坊</span>，爲<span class="zhuanming">唐睿宗</span>舊宅。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#94" id="98">（2）</a>倉曹，倉曹參軍的略稱，專司漕運。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#95" id="99">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">李湊</span>，據<span class="zhuanming">張彦遠</span>《歷代名畫記》卷四，<span class="zhuanming">李湊</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">李林甫</span>姪，初爲<span class="zhuanming">廣陵</span>倉曹，善畫綺羅人物。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#96" id="100">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>元載，應作<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>元年。公元七四二年，當<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">聖武天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">天平</span>十四年。</span> </p><p> <span>時，大和上在<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">大明寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#113" id="101">（1）</a>爲衆〔僧〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#114" id="102">（2）</a>講律，<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>師至<span class="zhuanming">大明寺</span>，頂禮<a class="zhuhao" href="#115" id="103">（3）</a>大和上足下，具述本意曰：“佛法東流至<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>，雖有其法，而無傳法人。本國昔有<span class="zhuanming">聖德</span><span class="zhuanming">太子</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#116" id="104">（4）</a>曰：‘二百年後，聖教興於<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>。’今鍾此運，願和上東遊興化。”大和上答曰：“昔聞<span class="zhuanming">南岳</span><span class="zhuanming">〔惠〕思</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#117" id="105">（5）</a>禪師遷化之後，託生<span class="zhuanming">倭國</span>王子<a class="zhuhao" href="#118" id="106">（6）</a>，興隆佛法，濟度衆生。又聞，<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span><span class="zhuanming">長屋王</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#119" id="107">（7）</a>崇敬佛法，〔造〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#120" id="108">（8）</a>千袈裟，〔來施〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#121" id="109">（9）</a>此國大德﹑衆僧；其袈裟〔緣〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#122" id="110">（10）</a>上繡着四句曰：‘山川異域，風月同天<a class="zhuhao" href="#123" id="111">（11）</a>，寄諸佛子，共結來緣。’以此思量，誠是佛法興隆，有緣之國也。今我同法衆中，誰有應此遠請，向<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>傳法者乎？”時衆默然，一無對者。良久，有僧<span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>進曰：“彼國太遠，性命難存，滄海淼漫，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00041','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P41</span></i>百無一至。人身難得，<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>難生；進修未備，道〔果〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#124" id="112">（12）</a>未到。是故衆僧咸默無對而已。”</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#101" id="113">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">大明寺</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>以後廢，<span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="zhuanming">同治</span>時重建爲<span class="zhuanming">法淨寺</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#102" id="114">（2）</a>僧，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本等原無此字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#103" id="115">（3）</a>頂禮，五體投地，用頭去頂尊者的脚，以示尊敬。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#104" id="116">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">聖德太子</span>，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">推古天皇</span>時執政的太子，公元六二二年殁，相傳第一次正式派到<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>來的遣<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>使就是他所派遣。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#105" id="117">（5）</a>惠，原闕，據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#106" id="118">（6）</a><span class="zhuanming">惠思</span>大師寂化後託身<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>，其後身爲<span class="zhuanming">聖德太子</span>的傳説，據<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>的考證，認爲是由<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>開創的。據《續高僧傳》，<span class="zhuanming">慧思</span>是<span class="zhuanming">陳</span><span class="zhuanming">大建</span>九年（公元五七七年）六月二十二日示寂的，而<span class="zhuanming">聖德太子</span>是<span class="zhuanming">敏達天皇</span>三年（公元五七四年）誕生的。但這種説法以後在<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>流傳頗廣。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#107" id="119">（7）</a><span class="zhuanming">長屋</span>王，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">天武天皇</span>的孫子，父<span class="zhuanming">高市</span>皇子。當時他在<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>貴族奴隸主中是屬於保守一派的。在當時代表進步一派的貴族奴隶主<span class="zhuanming">藤原不比等</span>死後，他由中納言﹑大納言而於公元七二一年（<span class="zhuanming">日</span><span class="zhuanming">養老</span>五年）担任了右大臣，掌握了政權。他執政之後，對過去頒布的一些有損保守勢力利益的政令都採取消極拖延的對待，並反對<span class="zhuanming">藤原</span>氏出身的<span class="zhuanming">光明子</span>當皇后，從而引起大多數貴族奴隸主的不滿。公元七二九年（<span class="zhuanming">日</span><span class="zhuanming">神龜</span>六年）在“學左道陰謀造反”的名義下把他推翻。<span class="zhuanming">長屋王</span>夫婦及子女自殺後，代表進步勢力的貴族<span class="zhuanming">藤原不比等</span>的長子<span class="zhuanming">武智麻吕</span>接任<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00042','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P42</span></i>大納言職務，掌握政權。<span class="zhuanming">長屋王</span>執政時期（大概是在公元七一七年），他曾委託遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使送過一批供養到<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>，這就是《東征傳》中提及的。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#108" id="120">（8）</a>造，原闕，據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#109" id="121">（9）</a>來施，原作“便棄絶”三字，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">唐招提</span>本作“來絶”，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本則作“棄施”，今據上下文義改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#110" id="122">（10）</a>緣，據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#111" id="123">（11）</a>風月同天，《元亨釋書·鑑真傳》作風月一天，<span class="zhuanming">常盤大定</span>在<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>《古大明寺唐鑑真和尚遺址碑》上亦作“風月一天”。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#112" id="124">（12）</a>果，原作杲，當爲傳抄之誤，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本等校改。</span> </p><p> <span>和上曰：“是爲法事也，何惜身命？諸人不去，我卽去耳。”</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>曰：“和上若去，<span class="zhuanming">彦</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#127" id="125">（1）</a>亦隨去。”爰有僧<span class="zhuanming">道興</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道航</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">神崇</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">忍靈</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">曜祭</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">明烈</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道默</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道因</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法藏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法載</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">曇静</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道巽</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">幽巖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">如海</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">澄觀</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">德清</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>等二十一人<a class="zhuhao" href="#128" id="126">（2）</a>，願同心隨和上去。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#125" id="127">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“<span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>”，但<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本作“彦”無“祥”字，當是原來狀態，今據改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#126" id="128">（2）</a>這名單各本均有些差異。如<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本作：“<span class="zhuanming">道興</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道抗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">神碩</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">崇忍</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">雲㻮</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">明烈</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道默</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道因</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法藏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">志静</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道翼</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">幽巖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">如海</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">澄觀</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">德清</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>等廿一人。”<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>在《鑑真大和上傳之研究》中作“<span class="zhuanming">道抗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">神崇</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">忍靈</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">明烈</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道默</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道因</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法藏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法載</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">曇<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00043','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P43</span></i>静</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道翼</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">幽巖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">如海</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">澄觀</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">德清</span>等二十一人。”</span> </p><p> <span>要約已畢，始於東河造船，<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>倉曹<span class="zhuanming">李湊</span>依<span class="zhuanming">李林宗</span>書，亦同撿校造〔舟〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#133" id="129">（1）</a>﹑備糧。大和上﹑<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>師等同在<span class="zhuanming">既濟寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#134" id="130">（2）</a>備辦乾糧，〔但〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#135" id="131">（3）</a>云將供具往<span class="zhuanming">天台山國清寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#136" id="132">（4）</a>，供養衆僧。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#129" id="133">（1）</a>舟，原作“册”，誤。<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本系均作“船”，惟<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本作“舟”，應爲原來之字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#130" id="134">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">既濟寺</span>，現已無，其遺址亦不明。<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>稱當在<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>城南郊，<span class="zhuanming">揚子津</span>附近。<span class="zhuanming">揚子津</span>在今<span class="zhuanming">三叉河</span>一帶。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#131" id="135">（3）</a>但，原作且，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#132" id="136">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">天台山</span>，<span class="zhuanming">浙江省</span><span class="zhuanming">天台縣</span>北二公里處，<span class="zhuanming">三國</span><span class="zhuanming">吴</span><span class="zhuanming">赤烏</span>（公元二三八—二五一年）年間在這裏建立了佛寺，<span class="zhuanming">支遁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">曇光</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">竺</span><span class="zhuanming">曇猷</span>等名僧都在這裏住持過；入<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>後，<span class="zhuanming">智顗</span>在這裏創立了<span class="zhuanming">天台宗</span>。<span class="zhuanming">隋</span><span class="zhuanming">大業</span>元年（公元六○五年），<span class="zhuanming">煬帝</span>改<span class="zhuanming">天台山寺</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">國清寺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>學問僧到過<span class="zhuanming">天台山</span><span class="zhuanming">國清寺</span>的很多，有文獻可考者卽有<span class="zhuanming">最澄</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">圓珍</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">圓載</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">成尋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">榮西</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">重源</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">俊荷</span>等。<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的<span class="zhuanming">天台宗</span>也以此爲總本山。</span> </p><p> <span>是歲，<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二載<a class="zhuhao" href="#142" id="137">（1）</a>癸未，〔當時〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#143" id="138">（2）</a>海賊大動繁多，<span class="zhuanming">台州</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">温州</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">明州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#144" id="139">（3）</a>海邊，并被其害，海〔路堙〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#145" id="140">（4）</a>塞，公私斷行<a class="zhuhao" href="#146" id="141">（5）</a>。僧<span class="zhuanming">道航</span>云：“今向他國，爲傳戒法，人皆高德，行業肅清。<span class="zhuanming">如海</span>等少學，可停却矣。”</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00044','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P44</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#137" id="142">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二載，應作<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二年，公元七四三年。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#138" id="143">（2）</a>當時，原闕此二字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#139" id="144">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">明州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">寧波</span>一帶。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#140" id="145">（4）</a>海路堙塞，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“海塞路”，<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本作“海賊塞”，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本作“海賊塞路”，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本作“海路塞”。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#141" id="146">（5）</a>海賊大動繁多……公私斷行，當指<span class="zhuanming">吴令光</span>抄掠<span class="zhuanming">台州</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">明州</span>一帶之事，見《舊唐書》卷九《玄宗本紀》<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>三載及《新唐書》卷五《玄宗本紀》<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>三載條。</span> </p><p> <span>時，<span class="zhuanming">如海</span>大瞋，裹頭入州，上採訪廳告曰：“大使知否？有僧<span class="zhuanming">道航</span>造舟入海，與海賊連。都有若干人，〔已〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#151" id="147">（1）</a>辦乾糧，在<span class="zhuanming">既濟</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">大明寺</span>，復有百海賊入城來。”時<span class="zhuanming">淮南〔道</span>〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#152" id="148">（2）</a>採訪使<span class="zhuanming">班景倩</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#153" id="149">（3）</a>聞卽大駭，便令人將<span class="zhuanming">如海</span>於獄推問；又差官人於諸寺收捉賊徒。〔遂〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#154" id="150">（4）</a>於<span class="zhuanming">既濟寺</span>搜得乾糧，<span class="zhuanming">大明寺</span>捉得<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>，<span class="zhuanming">開元寺</span>得<span class="zhuanming">玄朗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">玄法</span>。其<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>師走入池水中仰卧，不良久，見水動，入水得<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>師，並送縣推問。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#147" id="151">（1）</a>已，原闕，據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#148" id="152">（2）</a>道，據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#149" id="153">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">班景倩</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本在“倩”旁有“清イ”字樣而<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本則作<span class="zhuanming">班景債</span>。據新﹑舊《唐書》應作<span class="zhuanming">班景倩</span>。<span class="zhuanming">景倩衛州汲郡</span>人，後任大理<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00045','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P45</span></i>少卿，秘書監。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#150" id="154">（4）</a>遂，據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span>僧<span class="zhuanming">道航</span>隱俗人家，亦被捉得，並禁獄中。問曰：“〔徒〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#160" id="155">（1）</a>有幾人與海賊連？”<span class="zhuanming">道航</span>答曰：“不與〔海〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#161" id="156">（2）</a>賊連，<span class="zhuanming">航</span>是宰相<span class="zhuanming">李林甫</span>之兄<span class="zhuanming">林宗</span>家僧<a class="zhuhao" href="#162" id="157">（3）</a>，今送功德<a class="zhuhao" href="#163" id="158">（4）</a>往<span class="zhuanming">天台</span><span class="zhuanming">國清寺</span>，陸行過嶺辛苦，造舟從海路去耳！今有<span class="zhuanming">林宗</span>書二通在倉曹所。”採訪使問倉曹，〔倉曹〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#164" id="159">（5）</a>對曰：“實也。”仍索其書看，乃云：“阿師無事，今海賊大動，不須過海去。”</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#155" id="160">（1）</a>徒，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“徥”，誤。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#156" id="161">（2）</a>海，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#157" id="162">（3）</a>家僧，也稱門師，是受特定信徒的佈施，專住其家，向其説法做佛事者，和一般在寺的不同。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#158" id="163">（4）</a>功德，佈施給人的東西名“功”，而歸己的稱“德”。指佈施與途中自用的東西。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#159" id="164">（5）</a>倉曹，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本均只有一個“倉曹”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提</span>本則都有兩個。就文義而論，添一個倉曹較順，故據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span>其所造舟没官，其雜物還僧。其誣告僧<span class="zhuanming">如海</span>與反坐，還俗，决杖六十，〔還〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#171" id="165">（1）</a>送本貫<a class="zhuhao" href="#172" id="166">（2）</a>。其<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>僧四人，<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>上奏；〔奏〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#173" id="167">（3）</a>至京，鴻臚寺檢案問本配寺，寺衆報<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00046','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P46</span></i>曰：“其僧隨駕去，更不見〔來〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#174" id="168">（4）</a>。”鴻臚依寺報而奏<a class="zhuhao" href="#175" id="169">（5）</a>，便勅下<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>曰：“僧<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>等，既是蕃僧，入朝學問，每年賜絹廿五匹，四季給時服；兼予隨駕，非是僞濫。今欲還國，隨意放還，宜〔委〕<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>，〔依〕例送遣<a class="zhuhao" href="#176" id="170">（6）</a>。”</span> </p><p> <span>時，<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>等四月被禁，八月方始得出。其<span class="zhuanming">玄朗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">玄法</span>從此還國别去。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#165" id="171">（1）</a>還，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“迎”，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本作“遞”。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#166" id="172">（2）</a>本貫，本籍地。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#167" id="173">（3）</a>奏，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本均祇一個“奏”字，而<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本等則有兩個“奏”，今據校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#168" id="174">（4）</a>來，原闕，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#169" id="175">（5）</a>鴻臚依寺報而奏句，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“鴻臚來依寺報而奏”，這裏的“來”字，當係上文之“來”，傳抄時誤入下文所致，據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#170" id="176">（6）</a>宜委<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>，依例送遣。<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本均作：“宜依<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>例送遣”。<span class="zhuanming">安藤</span>現代語譯本，也據此譯出，似有誤。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改增。</span> </p><p> <span>時<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>同議曰：“我等本愿爲傳戒法，〔請〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#179" id="177">（1）</a>諸高德，將還本國，今<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>奉勅唯送我四人，不得請諸師而空〔返〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#180" id="178">（2）</a>無益，豈如不受官送，依舊請僧將還本國，流傳戒法者乎？”</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00047','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P47</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#177" id="179">（1）</a>請，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“諸”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#178" id="180">（2）</a>返，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“還”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span>於是巡避官所，俱至大和上所計量。大和上曰：“不須愁，宜求方便，必遂本願。”仍出正爐八十貫錢<a class="zhuhao" href="#206" id="181">（1）</a>，買得<span class="zhuanming">嶺南道</span>採訪使<span class="zhuanming">劉〔巨鱗〕</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#207" id="182">（2）</a>之軍舟一隻，雇得舟人等十八口。備辦海糧：〔落〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#208" id="183">（3）</a>脂紅緑米<a class="zhuhao" href="#209" id="184">（4）</a>一百石，甜䜵<a class="zhuhao" href="#210" id="185">（5）</a>三十石，牛蘇<a class="zhuhao" href="#211" id="186">（6）</a>一百八十斤，麪五十石，乾胡餅<a class="zhuhao" href="#212" id="187">（7）</a>二車，乾蒸餅一車，乾薄餅一萬，番〔捻〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#213" id="188">（8）</a>頭一半車；漆合子盤卅具，兼將〔畫〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#214" id="189">（9）</a>五頂像一鋪，寶像一鋪，金〔漆〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#215" id="190">（10）</a>泥像一軀，六扇佛菩薩障子一具，金字《華嚴經》一部，金字《大品經》一部，金字《大集經》一部，金字《大湼槃經》一部，雜經﹑章疏等都一百部；月令〔障〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#216" id="191">（11）</a>子一具，行天〔障〕子一具，道場幡一百廿口，珠幡十四條，玉環手幡八口；螺鈿經函五十口，銅瓶廿口；花氈廿四領，袈裟一千領，〔裙〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#217" id="192">（12）</a>衫一千對，坐具一千床<a class="zhuhao" href="#218" id="193">（13）</a>；大銅〔盂〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#219" id="194">（14）</a>四口〔竹葉盂〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#220" id="195">（15）</a>卌口，大銅盤廿面，中銅盤廿面，小銅盤四十四面，一尺銅叠八十面，少銅叠三百面；白籐簟十六領，五〔色〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#221" id="196">（16）</a>籐簟六領；麝香廿〔劑〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#222" id="197">（17）</a>，沉香﹑甲香﹑甘松香﹑龍腦香﹑膽<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>香﹑<span class="zhuanming">安息</span>香﹑棧香﹑<span class="zhuanming">零陵</span>香﹑青木香﹑薰陸香都有六百餘斤；又有畢鉢<a class="zhuhao" href="#223" id="198">（18）</a>﹑訶棃勒<a class="zhuhao" href="#224" id="199">（19）</a>﹑胡椒﹑阿魏<a class="zhuhao" href="#225" id="200">（20）</a>﹑石蜜<a class="zhuhao" href="#226" id="201">（21）</a>﹑蔗餹等五百餘斤，蜂蜜十<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00048','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P48</span></i>斛，甘蔗八十束；青錢<a class="zhuhao" href="#227" id="202">（22）</a>十千貫，正爐錢十千〔貫〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#228" id="203">（23）</a>，紫邊錢五〔千〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#229" id="204">（24）</a>貫；羅補頭二千枚，麻靴卅量，廗冒<a class="zhuhao" href="#230" id="205">（25）</a>卅箇。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#181" id="206">（1）</a>正爐錢，當指官鑄銅幣，當時私鑄銅幣質量不如官鑄，在使用時價值亦低。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#182" id="207">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">劉巨鱗</span>，《東征傳》各種傳本皆作“<span class="zhuanming">劉臣隣</span>”或“<span class="zhuanming">劉吕隣</span>”，這都是錯誤的。據新﹑舊《唐書》等史籍，應作“<span class="zhuanming">劉巨鱗</span>”，今據校改。《舊唐書》卷九：“（<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>）三載……夏四月，<span class="zhuanming">南海</span>太守<span class="zhuanming">劉巨鱗</span>，擊破海賊<span class="zhuanming">吴令光</span>，<span class="zhuanming">永嘉郡</span>平。”《新唐書》卷五：“（<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>）三載丁丑，<span class="zhuanming">河南</span>尹<span class="zhuanming">裴敦復</span>，<span class="zhuanming">晉陵郡</span>太守<span class="zhuanming">劉同昇</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">南海郡</span>太守<span class="zhuanming">劉巨鱗</span>討<span class="zhuanming">吴令光</span>。閏月，<span class="zhuanming">令光</span>伏誅。”但《新唐書》卷四十三上《地理志》中作“<span class="zhuanming">劉巨麟</span>。”“麟”當爲“鱗”之誤。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">至於《東征傳》中各本皆誤的緣故，想係<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>撰寫《大和上傳》時就有誤，而<span class="zhuanming">元開</span>據以寫《東征傳》，亦承其誤。以後傳抄更不必説。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#183" id="208">（3）</a>落脂，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">安藤</span>現代語譯本均作“苓脂”，惟<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">唐招提</span>本則均作“落脂”，今據校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">按：落脂米指陳米，水分較少。至今<span class="zhuanming">江</span><span class="zhuanming">浙</span>一帶仍有稱非本年産新米爲落米的。<span class="zhuanming">安藤</span>在《鑑真大和上傳之研究》中，對落脂兩字認爲：“説不定是指脱落脂氣的米”。應該説是對的，但這裏的脂氣不作脂肪解，而是指米粒中所含有的水分。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#184" id="209">（4）</a>紅緑米，不詳。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00049','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P49</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#185" id="210">（5）</a>甜䜵，指豆䜵，發酵的豆。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#186" id="211">（6）</a>牛蘇，不詳，可能爲<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>一帶出産的牛肚菘，當地人民切細後用作調味品。惟<span class="zhuanming">渡邊武</span>稱牛蘇爲現在的酥油（《鑑真大和上將來之藥品》），<span class="zhuanming">石田瑞麿</span>在譯文中也註作“蘇”可能爲“酥”之誤，卽今牛油。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#187" id="212">（7）</a>胡餅，據《東京夢華録》，胡餅可能爲現在稱爲“燒餅”或“火燒”的。乾胡餅﹑乾蒸餅及乾薄餅當指這些餅類經過乾燥處理，以便於保存，且便於携帶。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#188" id="213">（8）</a>捻頭，據《本草綱目》卷二五中説，捻頭是一種用糯米粉和麪﹑麻油煎成，和以糖食的食物；且有拉牽成環狀的。卽現在稱爲麻球之類的食品，也是乾燥的，不易腐敗變質。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">捻頭，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“拾頭”，誤，據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#189" id="214">（9）</a>畫，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“盡”，據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#190" id="215">（10）</a>金漆泥像，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕“漆”字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。金漆泥像，可能是指塑造漆箔像，卽直接漆在泥像上，而不用胎的。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#191" id="216">（11）</a>障子，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“幢子”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本作“鄣子”，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本則作“障子”，“鄣”恐係“障”字抄録之誤。今據<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本，並參考<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。下句“障子”同。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#192" id="217">（12）</a>裙衫，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“褊衫”，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本等及<span class="zhuanming">安藤</span>現代語譯本亦同，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#193" id="218">（13）</a>床，<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺本</span>作“介”。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#194" id="219">（14）</a>大銅盂，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本等均作“大銅蓋”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#195" id="220">（15）</a>竹葉盂，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“行菜盆”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本作“行菜盂”，<span class="zhuanming">高山<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00050','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P50</span></i>寺</span>本作“行菜蓋”，<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本作“行藥蓋”，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本作“竹葉蓋”，由文義論，似應爲“盂”，而非“盆”或“蓋”，而“行菜”又欠明，所以據<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#196" id="221">（16）</a>五色籐，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“五十籐”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。白籐簟﹑五色籐簟都是用<span class="zhuanming">嶺南</span>或<span class="zhuanming">瓊州</span>特産的細籐編成的。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#197" id="222">（17）</a>劑，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“臍”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#198" id="223">（18）</a>畢鉢，又名蓽茇，原産<span class="zhuanming">印度</span>，后移植<span class="zhuanming">波斯</span>及<span class="zhuanming">東南亞</span>一帶。今<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">奈良</span><span class="zhuanming">正倉院</span>中還藏有當時輸入到<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的畢鉢。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#199" id="224">（19）</a>訶棃勒，原産<span class="zhuanming">印度</span>，后移植<span class="zhuanming">波斯</span>及<span class="zhuanming">東南亞</span>，藥用。今<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">奈良</span><span class="zhuanming">正倉院</span>中尚藏有當時從<span class="zhuanming">唐代</span>南方輸入的訶棃勒果。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#200" id="225">（20）</a>阿魏，主要産於<span class="zhuanming">伊朗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">印度</span>等地，多年生草本植物，藥用。切斷其根或根莖時流出的乳狀液汁，乾燥後稱爲阿魏。在中醫中用作消積﹑殺蟲和解毒的藥物，性温﹑味辛有毒，所以一般以外用爲主。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#201" id="226">（21）</a>石蜜，冰糖。《政和新修本草》作石蜜，係由砂糖與牛乳相和而成，則與之有别。又有稱蜂蜜爲石蜜，或自生石蜜的。但這裏所稱的石蜜當是指冰糖。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#202" id="227">（22）</a>青錢，指當時通用，質量較高的青銅錢。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#203" id="228">（23）</a>貫，銅錢的計算單位。<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕此字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。正爐錢，見前注。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#204" id="229">（24）</a>紫邊錢五千貫，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作紫邊錢五十貫，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。紫邊錢指五銖錢的四邊呈紫色的，卽所謂的紫銅錢。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#205" id="230">（25）</a>廗冒，指僧侣戴的有後帶的帽子。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00051','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P51</span></i><p> <span>僧<span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道興</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">德清</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>等一十七人，玉作人﹑畫師﹑彫佛<a class="zhuhao" href="#239" id="231">（1）</a>﹑刻縷﹑鑄寫﹑繡師﹑修文﹑鐫碑等工手都有八十五人，同駕一隻舟。<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二載<a class="zhuhao" href="#240" id="232">（2）</a>十二月，舉帆東下，到<span class="zhuanming">〔狼〕溝浦</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#241" id="233">（3）</a>，被惡風飄浪擊<a class="zhuhao" href="#242" id="234">（4）</a>，舟破，人總上岸。潮來，水至人腰；和上在烏蓲草<a class="zhuhao" href="#243" id="235">（5）</a>上，餘人並在水中。冬寒，風急，甚太辛苦。更修理舟，下至<span class="zhuanming">大〔板〕山</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#244" id="236">（6）</a>泊，舟〔去〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#245" id="237">（7）</a>不得，卽至<span class="zhuanming">下嶼山</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#246" id="238">（8）</a>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#231" id="239">（1）</a>彫佛，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本作“彫檀”。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#232" id="240">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二載，應作<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二年。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#233" id="241">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">狼溝浦</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“<span class="zhuanming">根溝浦</span>”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本作“<span class="zhuanming">狼溝浦</span>”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本作“<span class="zhuanming">粮溝浦</span>”；而其他各本亦作“<span class="zhuanming">狼溝浦</span>”，今據校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">狼溝浦</span>，<span class="zhuanming">藤田元春</span>在《上代日支交通史的研究》中稱“<span class="zhuanming">狼溝浦</span>恐在今<span class="zhuanming">南通縣</span>之南，近<span class="zhuanming">狼山</span>，位於<span class="zhuanming">揚子江</span>北岸的港口。”<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>則反對這種説法，主張是在<span class="zhuanming">揚子江</span>南岸，而不在北岸；不在<span class="zhuanming">南通</span>附近，而是現在<span class="zhuanming">太倉</span><span class="zhuanming">瀏河</span>口附近的<span class="zhuanming">狼港</span>。我認爲<span class="zhuanming">安藤氏</span>的意見是正確的。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#234" id="242">（4）</a>被惡風飄浪擊。這五字各本都不一樣，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“被惡風飄浪擊”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本作“被惡風浪波擊”；《大日本佛教全書》本作被“惡風漂浪波擊船破，波擊舟破”，多七字，不知何所據。今據<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#235" id="243">（5）</a>烏蓲草，蘆荻，蘆葦之類。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#236" id="244">（6）</a><span class="zhuanming">大板山</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“<span class="zhuanming">大坂山</span>”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。<span class="zhuanming">大板<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00052','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P52</span></i>山</span>，<span class="zhuanming">藤田元春</span>在上述書中提到，稱在今<span class="zhuanming">浙江</span>海面的<span class="zhuanming">大戢山</span>，所據者爲<span class="zhuanming">明</span>代地圖。而<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>則認爲不確，此<span class="zhuanming">大板山</span>應位於<span class="zhuanming">江蘇</span>海面，<span class="zhuanming">馬鞍島</span>西北兩個小島中的一個，卽目下稱爲<span class="zhuanming">大盤山</span>島的。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#237" id="245">（7）</a>去，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#238" id="246">（8）</a><span class="zhuanming">下嶼山</span>，<span class="zhuanming">藤田元春</span>根據其對<span class="zhuanming">大板山</span>位置的推定，認爲<span class="zhuanming">下嶼山</span>就是目前<span class="zhuanming">浙江</span>海面，<span class="zhuanming">舟山羣島</span>中的<span class="zhuanming">五嶼</span>。但<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>認爲可能是<span class="zhuanming">上</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">下川島</span>，特别是<span class="zhuanming">下川島</span>。</span> </p><p> <span>住一月，待好風發，欲到<span class="zhuanming">桑石山</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#256" id="247">（1）</a>。風急浪高，舟〔垂著石〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#257" id="248">（2）</a>，無計可量；纔離嶮岸，還落石上。舟破，人並上岸<a class="zhuhao" href="#258" id="249">（3）</a>。水米俱盡，飢渴三日，風停浪静，〔有白水郎〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#259" id="250">（4）</a>將水﹑米來相救。又經五日，有〔邏〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#260" id="251">（5）</a>海官來問消息，申〔諜〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#261" id="252">（6）</a><span class="zhuanming">明州</span>；〔<span class="zhuanming">明州</span>太〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#262" id="253">（7）</a>守處分，安置<span class="zhuanming">鄮縣</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#263" id="254">（8）</a>山<span class="zhuanming">阿育王寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#264" id="255">（9）</a>，寺有<span class="zhuanming">阿育王塔</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#247" id="256">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">桑石</span>山，<span class="zhuanming">藤田元春</span>主張現在的<span class="zhuanming">榭山</span>就是《東征傳》上的<span class="zhuanming">桑石山</span>，不知何據。<span class="zhuanming">榭山</span>在<span class="zhuanming">舟山島</span>南，<span class="zhuanming">鎮海半島</span>北的一大島。<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>認爲<span class="zhuanming">桑石山</span>的位置應在<span class="zhuanming">舟山島</span>北面的海中，而不應在其南；認爲北緯30度﹑東經122度18分的<span class="zhuanming">桑枝山</span>，卽在<span class="zhuanming">大衢山</span>北，<span class="zhuanming">小衢山</span>東的那個島就是《東征傳》上所提的<span class="zhuanming">桑石山</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#248" id="257">（2）</a>舟垂著石，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本均作“舟無着岸”，但<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">唐招提寺</span>本則作“舟垂著石”。從上下文義<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00053','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P53</span></i>論，“舟垂著石”較“舟無着岸”爲佳，後者恐爲後人所竄改，因據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本還原。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#249" id="258">（3）</a>人並上岸，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“人並舟上岸”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本則作“人置上岸”。從文義而論，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本中的“舟”字，恐係衍文，因以意改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#250" id="259">（4）</a>“有白水郎”四字，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本原作“泉卽”，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本則作“泉海郎”，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本作“泉郎”。<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本在白水郎的“郎”字左下，註有“海也”兩字，這可能是<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本有海字之來由；而白水兩字誤作泉，顯係抄録之誤。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本復原。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">圓仁</span>的《入唐求法巡禮行記》中，也曾提到白水郎這名稱，可見白水郎在<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>代是一個相當廣泛使用的名詞，當是泛指沿海河岸居民的稱謂，不一定是指漁民。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#251" id="260">（5）</a>邏海官，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“還海官”，顯有誤。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。但<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>代官職中無此官。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#252" id="261">（6）</a>申諜，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“申請”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本則作“申講”，而在“講”字旁，另書一“諜”字作注，當係校訂時所註；同時由文義而論，申諜比申講﹑申請爲佳，因據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本旁注校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#253" id="262">（7）</a><span class="zhuanming">明州</span>太守處分，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本等各本，都祇有一個“<span class="zhuanming">明州</span>”，卽連上句作“申請<span class="zhuanming">明州</span>大守處分”，而<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本則在<span class="zhuanming">明洲</span>之後，另有一重叠符號“𠚤”，並以“大”作“太”；<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本的“洲”，很明顯是“州”之誤。可以認爲<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本的“申諜<span class="zhuanming">明州</span>，<span class="zhuanming">明州</span>太守處分”是原來狀態，因據校改。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00054','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P54</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">明州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">浙江</span><span class="zhuanming">寧波</span>。原屬<span class="zhuanming">越州</span>，稱<span class="zhuanming">鄮縣</span>，<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>二十六年七月分出成州，改名<span class="zhuanming">明州</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#254" id="263">（8）</a><span class="zhuanming">鄮縣</span>，卽上述<span class="zhuanming">明州</span>，現<span class="zhuanming">寧波</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#255" id="264">（9）</a><span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>，亦有譯作<span class="zhuanming">阿輸迦</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">無憂者</span>，<span class="zhuanming">㫋陀崛多大</span><span class="zhuanming">王</span>孫，公元前三二一年左右在<span class="zhuanming">印度</span>建立<span class="zhuanming">孔雀王朝</span>；以後統一全<span class="zhuanming">印度</span>，保護佛教，爲弘通佛教的一大功臣，所以到處有爲其建塔紀念。至於<span class="zhuanming">鄮縣</span>的<span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>塔，據《廣弘明集》稱：“<span class="zhuanming">越州</span>東三百七十里，<span class="zhuanming">鄮縣</span>塔者，<span class="zhuanming">西晉</span><span class="zhuanming">太康</span>二年沙門<span class="zhuanming">慧達</span>感從地出。高一尺四寸，廣七寸，露盤五層，色青似石而非，四外雕鏤，異相百千。<span class="zhuanming">梁武帝</span>造木塔籠之。”<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚等所禮拜的<span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>塔，當卽此。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">明州者</span>，舊是<span class="zhuanming">越州</span>之一縣也。<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>廿六年<a class="zhuhao" href="#268" id="265">（1）</a>，<span class="zhuanming">越州鄮縣</span>令<span class="zhuanming">王叔通</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#269" id="266">（2）</a>奏割<span class="zhuanming">越州</span>一縣，特置<span class="zhuanming">明州</span>；更開三縣<a class="zhuhao" href="#270" id="267">（3）</a>，令成一州四縣，今稱<span class="zhuanming">餘姚郡</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#265" id="268">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">開元</span>廿六年，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本作“<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>廿二年”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本作“<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>廿三年”，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本則作“<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>廿一年”，而在“一”字旁注有“二イ”。按諸我國史籍如新﹑舊《唐書》及《唐會要》等書，均稱<span class="zhuanming">明州</span>係於<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>二十六年七月二十三日析<span class="zhuanming">越州</span><span class="zhuanming">鄮縣</span>置，故應作<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>廿六年，因改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#266" id="269">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">王叔通</span>，各本均作“王叔達”，誤。今據《唐會要》及<span class="zhuanming">清洪頤煊</span>所寫八卷本《平津讀碑記》中所收《了緣和尚靈塔銘》中所引改正。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#267" id="270">（3）</a>三縣指<span class="zhuanming">奉化</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慈谿</span>和<span class="zhuanming">翁山</span>三縣，合原有之<span class="zhuanming">鄮縣</span>共<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00055','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P55</span></i>四縣。</span> </p><p> <span>其<span class="zhuanming">〔阿〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#280" id="271">（1）</a>育王塔</span>者，是佛滅度後一百年，時有鐵輪王，名〔曰〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#281" id="272">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>，役使鬼神，建八萬四千塔之一也。其塔非金﹑非玉﹑非石﹑非土﹑非銅﹑非鐵，紫〔烏〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#282" id="273">（3）</a>色，刻縷非常；一面<span class="zhuanming">薩埵王子</span>變<a class="zhuhao" href="#283" id="274">（4）</a>，一面捨眼變，一面出腦變，一面救鴿變。上無露盤<a class="zhuhao" href="#284" id="275">（5）</a>，中有懸鐘，埋没地中，無能知者。唯有方基高數仞，草棘蒙茸，罕有尋窺。至<span class="zhuanming">晉泰始</span>元年<a class="zhuhao" href="#285" id="276">（6）</a>，〔<span class="zhuanming">并州</span>〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#286" id="277">（7）</a><span class="zhuanming">西〔河〕</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#287" id="278">（8）</a><span class="zhuanming">離石</span>人<span class="zhuanming">劉薩訶</span>者，死至<span class="zhuanming">閻羅王</span>界，<span class="zhuanming">閻羅王</span>教令掘出。自<span class="zhuanming">晉</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>至於<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>代，時時造塔﹑造堂，其事甚多<a class="zhuhao" href="#288" id="279">（9）</a>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#271" id="280">（1）</a>阿字，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#272" id="281">（2）</a>曰，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“日”，誤。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#273" id="282">（3）</a>烏，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本原作均爲“鳥”，顯係筆誤，今據<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#274" id="283">（4）</a>“一面薩埵王子變……一面救鴿變”，係指塔身四面所塑之圖像。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#275" id="284">（5）</a>據<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>在《鑑真大和上傳之研究》一書中，對<span class="zhuanming">鄮山</span><span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>塔研究節中所引稱：“有關<span class="zhuanming">鄮山</span><span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>塔之相狀記録，以<span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>律師的《三寶感通録》爲最古，惟其中所述與《東征傳》頗多不一致者。如在色澤方面，《感通録》稱是青色，而《東征傳》則稱爲紫烏色；《感通録》説有五層露盤，而《東征傳》却<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00056','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P56</span></i>稱上無露盤。兩者間之出入，恐應以《東征傳》爲據。蓋<span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>並未親見其塔，憑諸傳聞；而<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>則親歷其地，所記當爲<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>初年之實際情況。”</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#276" id="285">（6）</a><span class="zhuanming">晉</span><span class="zhuanming">泰始</span>元年，公元二六五年。這一年是<span class="zhuanming">劉薩訶</span>復蘇之年，還是掘出<span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>塔之年，不清楚。據《廣弘明集》，<span class="zhuanming">劉薩訶</span>掘出<span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>塔是在<span class="zhuanming">晉</span><span class="zhuanming">太康</span>二年（二八一年）；而《感通録》和《法苑珠林》則稱<span class="zhuanming">太康</span>二年是<span class="zhuanming">劉</span>復蘇之年（轉引<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>説）。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#277" id="286">（7）</a><span class="zhuanming">并州</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕此兩字，在此以󲳴󲳴表示缺字，而在空格旁，有校注小字“</span> <span class="font12 zhu">並列ィ</span> <span class="font12 zhu">”字樣，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。<span class="zhuanming">并州</span>今<span class="zhuanming">山西太原</span>一帶。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#278" id="287">（8）</a>河，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“州”，但旁注有“河”字。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#279" id="288">（9）</a>關於<span class="zhuanming">劉</span><span class="zhuanming">薩訶</span>的事蹟，《大和尚傳》中記敍較詳，可參看。<span class="zhuanming">劉薩訶</span>出家后，法名<span class="zhuanming">慧達</span>，《梁高僧傳》卷十三有傳。</span> </p><p> <span>〔其〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#292" id="289">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">鄮山</span>東南嶺石上，有佛〔右〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#293" id="290">（2）</a>迹；東北小岩上，復有佛左迹，並長一尺四寸，前闊五寸八分，後闊四寸半，深三寸。千幅輪相，其印文分明顯示。世傳曰：“<span class="zhuanming">迦叶佛</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#294" id="291">（3）</a>之迹也。”</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#289" id="292">（1）</a>其，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“異”，文義難通，當係傳抄之誤，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#290" id="293">（2）</a>右迹，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“石跡”，由下文文義論應作“右迹”，“石”當爲“右”之誤。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00057','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P57</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#291" id="294">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">迦葉佛</span>，<span class="zhuanming">釋迦</span>十大弟子中，其第一頭陀名<span class="zhuanming">摩訶迦葉</span>，略稱<span class="zhuanming">迦葉佛</span>。</span> </p><p> <span>東二里，路側有聖井，深三尺許，清涼甘美，極雨不溢，極旱不涸。中有一鰻魚<a class="zhuhao" href="#297" id="295">（1）</a>，長一尺九寸，世傳曰護塔菩薩也。有人以香花供養，有福者卽見，無福者經年求不見。有人就井上造屋，至以七寶作材〔瓦〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#298" id="296">（2）</a>，卽從井中水漲流却。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#295" id="297">（1）</a>有關<span class="zhuanming">鄮山</span>靈鰻井的事，<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>在《鑑真大和上傳之研究》中曾有專節談到。《宋高僧傳》﹑《法苑珠林》等書及<span class="zhuanming">四明</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">寧波</span>等地方志中，也都有記載，可參閲。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#296" id="298">（2）</a>瓦，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“凡”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>三載<a class="zhuhao" href="#302" id="299">（1）</a>，歲次甲申，<span class="zhuanming">越州</span><span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>衆僧請大和上講律受戒。事畢，更有<span class="zhuanming">杭州</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">湖州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#303" id="300">（2）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宣州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#304" id="301">（3）</a>並來請。大和上依次巡遊﹑開講﹑授戒，還至<span class="zhuanming">鄮山</span><span class="zhuanming">阿育王寺</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#299" id="302">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>三載，公元七四四年，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">聖武天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">天平</span>十六年。由本年起改年爲載。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#300" id="303">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">湖州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">浙江</span><span class="zhuanming">吴興</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#301" id="304">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">宣州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">安徽</span><span class="zhuanming">宣城</span>。</span> </p><p> <span>時<span class="zhuanming">越州</span>僧等知大和上欲往<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>，告州官曰：“<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>誘大和上欲往<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>。”時<span class="zhuanming">山陰</span>縣尉遣人於<span class="zhuanming">王亟</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#309" id="305">（1）</a>宅，搜得<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>師，著枷遞送〔於〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#310" id="306">（2）</a>京，〔還〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#311" id="307">（3）</a>至<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00058','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P58</span></i><span class="zhuanming">杭州</span>。<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>師卧病，請〔假〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#312" id="308">（4）</a>療治，經多時，云病死乃得放出。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#305" id="309">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">王亟</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本作<span class="zhuanming">王丞</span>，<span class="zhuanming">安藤</span>現代語譯本亦同。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#306" id="310">（2）</a>遞送於京，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本闕一“於”字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#307" id="311">（3）</a>還至<span class="zhuanming">杭州</span>，<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">安藤</span>現代語譯本作“送至<span class="zhuanming">杭州</span>”，而<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本則作“遂至<span class="zhuanming">杭州</span>”。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#308" id="312">（4）</a>請假，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本作“請暇”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本校改。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>師等爲求法故，前後被災，艱辛不可言盡，然其堅固之志，曾無退悔。大和上悦其如是，欲遂其愿，乃遣僧<span class="zhuanming">法進</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#315" id="313">（1）</a>及二近事，將輕貨<a class="zhuhao" href="#316" id="314">（2）</a>往<span class="zhuanming">福州</span>買船，具辨糧用。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#313" id="315">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">法進</span>，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本對此作“<span class="zhuanming">法庭</span>”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本在“庭”字旁有校注“長”字。均誤。按此<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>當卽以後隨<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚東渡的<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>的大弟子。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#314" id="316">（2）</a>輕貨，不詳。<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>稱爲指絹帛金銀而言。似不類。</span> </p><p> <span>和上率諸門徒<span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>等三十餘人，辭禮<span class="zhuanming">育王塔</span>，巡禮佛迹，供養聖〔井〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#320" id="317">（1）</a>，護塔魚菩薩，尋山直出。州太守<span class="zhuanming">盧同宰</span>及僧徒父老迎送，設供養，差人備糧送至<span class="zhuanming">白社村</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#321" id="318">（2）</a>寺；修理壞塔，勸諸鄉人造一佛殿，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00059','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P59</span></i>至<span class="zhuanming">台州</span><span class="zhuanming">寧海縣</span><span class="zhuanming">白泉寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#322" id="319">（3）</a>宿。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#317" id="320">（1）</a>聖井，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“聖井”，並傍注“泉イ”。<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本及<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本作“聖泉”，<span class="zhuanming">安藤</span>現代語譯本則連下句同譯作“供養聖泉，護塔魚菩薩。”今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本校改，於意義上似較順。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#318" id="321">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">白社村</span>，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本原作“<span class="zhuanming">白杜村</span>”，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>《故萬氏夫人墓誌》有<span class="zhuanming">揚子縣</span><span class="zhuanming">江濱鄉</span><span class="zhuanming">白社村</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#319" id="322">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">白泉寺</span>，《東征傳》各傳本中，除<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本作“白水寺”外，餘均作“白泉寺”。惟據<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>稱，<span class="zhuanming">寧海縣</span>有<span class="zhuanming">白水庵</span>，因認爲應作<span class="zhuanming">白水寺</span>爲正確。</span> </p><p> <span>明日，〔齋〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#327" id="323">（1）</a>後踰山，嶺峻途遠，日暮夜暗，澗水没膝，飛雪迷眼，諸人泣淚，同受寒苦。明日度嶺，入〔<span class="zhuanming">始豐〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#328" id="324">（2）</a>縣</span>，日暮到<span class="zhuanming">國清寺</span>，松篁蓊鬱，奇樹璀璨；寶塔玉殿，玲瓏赫奕<a class="zhuhao" href="#329" id="325">（3）</a>，莊嚴華飾，不可言盡。<span class="zhuanming">孫綽</span>《天台〔山〕賦》<a class="zhuhao" href="#330" id="326">（4）</a>不能盡其萬一。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#323" id="327">（1）</a>齋，原誤作齊，今據<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#324" id="328">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">始豐縣</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“<span class="zhuanming">唐興縣</span>”而傍注“<span class="zhuanming">始豐</span>”，按稱<span class="zhuanming">唐興</span>，是在<span class="zhuanming">唐肅宗</span><span class="zhuanming">上元</span>二年（公元七六一年）以後的事。因此在<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚一行路過時，尚不可能稱<span class="zhuanming">唐興</span>。但<span class="zhuanming">元開</span>撰寫《東征傳》，則在公元七七九年（<span class="zhuanming">日</span><span class="zhuanming">寶龜</span>十年，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>十四年），那時已將<span class="zhuanming">始豐</span>改爲<span class="zhuanming">唐興</span>；並且在其間已有遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使往復過一次，所以<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>已知道改名的事，<span class="zhuanming">元開</span>用新名自屬可能。現爲尊重歷史事<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00060','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P60</span></i>實，加以改正。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#325" id="329">（3）</a>下面説“<span class="zhuanming">孫綽</span>《天台山賦》，不能盡其萬一”，這里有很多形容詞，如璀璨﹑玲瓏等都是《天台山賦》中所用的詞。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#326" id="330">（4）</a>《天台山賦》，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕“山”，作《天台賦》，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本則作“天天山賦”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本不誤，今據校改。</span> </p><p> <span>和上巡禮聖迹，出<span class="zhuanming">始豐<a class="zhuhao" href="#334" id="331">（1）</a>縣</span>，入<span class="zhuanming">臨海縣</span>；導於<span class="zhuanming">白峰尋江</span>，遂至<span class="zhuanming">黄岩縣</span>；便取<span class="zhuanming">永嘉郡</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#335" id="332">（2）</a>路，到<span class="zhuanming">禪林寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#336" id="333">（3）</a>宿。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#331" id="334">（1）</a>這裏的<span class="zhuanming">始豐縣</span>，無誤。由此更證明上文用“<span class="zhuanming">唐興縣</span>”是錯誤的。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#332" id="335">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">永嘉郡</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">浙江</span><span class="zhuanming">温州</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#333" id="336">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">禪林寺</span>，在<span class="zhuanming">浙江</span><span class="zhuanming">黄岩縣</span>南四十里，後稱<span class="zhuanming">香嚴寺</span>。</span> </p><p> <span>明朝，早食<a class="zhuhao" href="#341" id="337">（1）</a>發，欲向<span class="zhuanming">温州</span>，忽有採訪使牒來追。其意〔者〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#342" id="338">（2）</a>，在<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>和上弟子僧<span class="zhuanming">靈佑</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#343" id="339">（3）</a>及諸寺三綱<a class="zhuhao" href="#344" id="340">（4）</a>衆僧，同議曰：“我大師和上，發願向<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>，登山涉海，數年艱苦，滄溟萬里，死生莫測；可共告官，遮令留住。”仍共以牒告於州縣。於是，<span class="zhuanming">江東道</span>採訪使下牒諸州，先追所經諸寺三綱於獄，留身推問；尋蹤至<span class="zhuanming">禪林寺</span>，捉得大和上，差使押送，防護十重圍繞，送至採訪使所。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#337" id="341">（1）</a>早食，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本在“早食”兩字後，有一重叠號。從上下文義看來，當係衍文。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#338" id="342">（2）</a>者，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00061','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P61</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#339" id="343">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>，《東征傳》中提及<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>時，稱其爲“<span class="zhuanming">洛州</span><span class="zhuanming">福先寺</span>僧”。《勝鬘經疏義私鈔》卷一稱：“今上宫王疏所釋，卽是後譯經，有二十一紙。其疏<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>七年，<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>僧使<span class="zhuanming">誡明</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">得清</span>等八人，兼《法華疏》四卷將來<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>，與<span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>大律闍棃<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>。……”<span class="zhuanming">圓仁</span>在《入唐求法巡禮行記》中，敍及<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>房舍中也提及他（<span class="zhuanming">開成</span>四年正月三日）。由此可知<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>東渡後與<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>間尚有連繫，所以到<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>逝世後，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>僧侣尚有與往來的。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#340" id="344">（4）</a>三綱，寺廟中統率衆事的，每寺都有上座﹑寺主﹑都維那各一人，稱爲三綱。</span> </p><p> <span>大和上所至州縣，官人參迎禮拜歡喜，卽放出所禁三綱等。採訪使處分，依舊令住本寺，約束三綱防護，曰<a class="zhuhao" href="#346" id="345">（1）</a>：“勿令更向他國。”</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#345" id="346">（1）</a>“約束三綱防護，曰”，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“約束三綱日防護”。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本校改。</span> </p><p> <span>諸州道俗聞和上還至，各辦四事<a class="zhuhao" href="#351" id="347">（1）</a>供養，競來慶賀，遞相〔抱〕手<a class="zhuhao" href="#352" id="348">（2）</a>慰勞。獨和上憂愁，呵責<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>，不賜開顔。其<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>日日懺謝，〔乞〕歡喜<a class="zhuhao" href="#353" id="349">（3）</a>，每夜一立至五更謝罪<a class="zhuhao" href="#354" id="350">（4）</a>。遂終六十日，又諸寺三綱﹑大德共來禮謝，〔乞〕歡喜，和上乃開顔耳。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#347" id="351">（1）</a>四事：卽飲食﹑衣服﹑卧具﹑醫藥。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#348" id="352">（2）</a>抱手，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作把手，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00062','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P62</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#349" id="353">（3）</a>乞歡喜，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“尤歡喜”不通，據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#350" id="354">（4）</a>“每夜一立至五更謝罪”，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本原作“每夜一更立至五更已謝罪。”今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>七載<a class="zhuhao" href="#359" id="355">（1）</a>春，<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>師從<span class="zhuanming">同安郡</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#360" id="356">（2）</a>來，下至<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">崇福寺</span>大和上住處。和上更與二師作方便<a class="zhuhao" href="#361" id="357">（3）</a>，造舟﹑買香藥，備辦百物，一如<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二載<a class="zhuhao" href="#362" id="358">（4）</a>所備。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#355" id="359">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>七載，公元七四八年，<span class="zhuanming">日</span><span class="zhuanming">聖武</span><span class="zhuanming">天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">天平</span>二十年。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#356" id="360">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">同安郡</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">安徽</span><span class="zhuanming">潛山縣</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#357" id="361">（3）</a>方便，方指方法，便指便用。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#358" id="362">（4）</a>二載，應作二年，見前注。</span> </p><p> <span>同行人僧<span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">神侖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">光演</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">頓悟</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道祖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">如高</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">德清</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">日悟</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>等道俗一十四人，及化得水手一十八人，及餘樂相隨者，合有三十五人。六月廿七日<a class="zhuhao" href="#368" id="363">（1）</a>，發自<span class="zhuanming">崇福寺</span>。至<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">新河</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#369" id="364">（2）</a>，乘舟下至<span class="zhuanming">常州</span>界<span class="zhuanming">〔狼〕山</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#370" id="365">（3）</a>，風急浪高，旋轉三山。明日得風，至<span class="zhuanming">越州</span>界<span class="zhuanming">三塔山</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#371" id="366">（4）</a>。停住一月，得好風，發至<span class="zhuanming">暑風山</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#372" id="367">（5）</a>，停住一月。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#363" id="368">（1）</a>六月廿七日，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本作“六月廿八日”。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#364" id="369">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">新河</span>，<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>在指出<span class="zhuanming">石原道博</span>誤將<span class="zhuanming">新河</span>與<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>分讀，並把<span class="zhuanming">新河</span>位於<span class="zhuanming">泰興縣</span>東南四十里處之錯誤後，説明<span class="zhuanming">新河</span>至今尚在，卽由<span class="zhuanming">三叉河</span>通向<span class="zhuanming">揚子江</span>岸<span class="zhuanming">瓜洲</span>之運河，一般稱爲<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00063','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P63</span></i><span class="zhuanming">瓜州</span>運河。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#365" id="370">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">狼山</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“<span class="zhuanming">粮山</span>”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。<span class="zhuanming">狼山</span>，指現在<span class="zhuanming">南通</span>的<span class="zhuanming">狼山港</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#366" id="371">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">三塔山</span>，當指<span class="zhuanming">定海</span>海中的<span class="zhuanming">小洋山</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#367" id="372">（5）</a><span class="zhuanming">暑風山</span>，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本均作“<span class="zhuanming">署風山</span>”。指現在何處，不詳。但由其情況看來，當指<span class="zhuanming">舟山島</span>附近。</span> </p><p> <span>十月十六日晨朝，和上云：“昨夜，夢見三官人，一著緋，二著緑，於岸上拜别，知是國神相别也，疑是度必得渡海也。”</span> </p><p> <span>少時，風起，指<span class="zhuanming">頂岸山</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#376" id="373">（1）</a>發。東南見山，至日中，其山滅，知是蜃氣<a class="zhuhao" href="#377" id="374">（2）</a>也。去岸漸遠，風急波峻，水黑如墨。沸浪一透，如上高山；怒濤再至，似入深谷。人皆荒醉，〔但〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#378" id="375">（3）</a>唱<span class="zhuanming">觀音</span>。舟人告曰：“舟今欲没，有何所惜！”卽牽棧香籠欲抛，空中有聲，言：“莫抛！莫抛！”卽止。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#373" id="376">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">頂岸山</span>，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本作“<span class="zhuanming">項岸山</span>”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本作“<span class="zhuanming">須岸山</span>”，<span class="zhuanming">安藤</span>現代語譯本及其在《鑑真大和上傳之研究》中亦如此，<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本亦作“<span class="zhuanming">項岸山</span>”。究竟應如何不詳，先存疑。《日本書紀》及《伊吉博德書》是作“<span class="zhuanming">須岸山</span>”的。其位置，<span class="zhuanming">藤田元春</span>主張在<span class="zhuanming">舟山列島</span>南，屬<span class="zhuanming">象山</span>的<span class="zhuanming">珠巖山</span>；而<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>則以爲應在<span class="zhuanming">普陀山</span>南的<span class="zhuanming">朱家尖</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#374" id="377">（2）</a>蜃氣，當是海市蜃樓。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00064','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P64</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#375" id="378">（3）</a>但，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本均作“伹”，現據<span class="zhuanming">北川</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span>中夜時，舟人言：“莫怖！有四神王，着甲把杖，二在舟頭，二在檣舳邊。”衆人聞之，心裏稍安。</span> </p><p> <span>三日過虵海<a class="zhuhao" href="#380" id="379">（1）</a>。其虵長者一丈餘，小者五尺餘，色皆斑斑，滿泛海上。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#379" id="380">（1）</a>虵，同蛇。所謂虵，可能是一種海鰻，長者可達五尺左右，色暗，有白斑。</span> </p><p> <span>三日過飛魚海<a class="zhuhao" href="#382" id="381">（1）</a>。白色飛魚，翳滿空中，長一尺許。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#381" id="382">（1）</a>飛魚，現<span class="zhuanming">南海</span>中仍常見有飛魚。</span> </p><p> <span>一日經飛鳥海<a class="zhuhao" href="#384" id="383">（1）</a>。鳥大如人，飛集舟上，舟重欲没，人以手推，鳥卽銜手。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#383" id="384">（1）</a>飛鳥，而其大如人且不怕人的，似爲信天翁，其翅膀展開後，長可達二公尺左右。</span> </p><p> <span>其後二日無物，唯有急風高浪。衆僧惱卧，但<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>師每日食時，行生米少許，與衆僧以充中食。舟上無水，嚼米，喉乾咽不入，吐不出；飲鹹水，腹卽脹。一生辛苦，何劇於此！</span> </p><p> <span>海中忽有四隻金魚<a class="zhuhao" href="#390" id="385">（1）</a>，長各一尺許，走繞舟四邊。明旦，風息，見山。人〔總〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#391" id="386">（2）</a>渴水，臨欲死；<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>師面色<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00065','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P65</span></i>忽然怡悦，卽説云：“夢見〔有〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#392" id="387">（3）</a>官人請我受戒懺悔，<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>曰：‘貧道甚渴，欲得水’；彼官人取水與<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>，水色如乳汁，取飲甚美。心既清涼，<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>語彼官人曰：‘舟上三十餘人，多日不飲水，甚大飢渴，請檀越早取水來<a class="zhuhao" href="#393" id="388">（4）</a>。’時，彼官人唤雨令老人處分，云汝等大了事人，急送水來。夢相如是，水應〔今〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#394" id="389">（5）</a>至，諸人急須把碗待。”衆人聞此總歡喜。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#385" id="390">（1）</a>金魚，<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本作“余一魚”，係抄録之誤。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#386" id="391">（2）</a>人總，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“人摠”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本作“人󵻇”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本作“人惱”，而在欄上注“正，惣字，皆也。”摠，疑爲“總”之俗字或筆誤。今據<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#387" id="392">（3）</a>有，除<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本外，各本皆無此字，今據增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#388" id="393">（4）</a>關於這段缺水的記載，《延曆僧録》中記載很詳，現在引《僧録》中《高僧沙門釋榮叡傳》中文：“水盡，人垂欲死。至十二日朝，<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>顔色怡悦，肌澤神愈。<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>卽問：‘衆人並大辛苦，<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>上座何獨悦樂？’<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>卽説：‘適來夢見二個官人，請<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>授戒畢。<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>卽云，貧道比患渴，甚辛苦，如今欲得水飲。彼官人卽唤人取水；水色如乳，飲異常甘美。<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>更云，<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>船上三十餘人，多日欲得水與船上人。彼官卽唤兩個老人處分，汝等大須早事送水向船；唯此境界，少時合有水來，好好作準擬受水’。至日申時，西南天邊，極目見一白物，看似於鶴。<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>曰：‘水來！水來！準擬受水。’近見是雲，覆於船上，散雨少<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00066','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P66</span></i>時，人人各得一升餘水飲之。至十三日酉時，還從西南上，雲起來覆船上，人人各得二升許水。”</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#389" id="394">（5）</a>水應今至，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“水今應至”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本校改。</span> </p><p> <span>明日，未時，西南空中雲起來，覆舟上，注雨；人人把碗承〔水〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#397" id="395">（1）</a>飲。第二日亦雨至，人皆飽足。明日近岸<a class="zhuhao" href="#398" id="396">（2）</a>，有四白魚來，引舟直至泊舟浦。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#395" id="397">（1）</a>承水飲，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕“水”字，作“承飲”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#396" id="398">（2）</a>明日近岸，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“明且近岸”<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本等作“明旦近岸”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span>舟人把碗，競上岸頭覓水，過一小崗，〔便〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#400" id="399">（1）</a>遇池水，清涼甘美，衆人争飲，各得飽滿。後日，更向池；昨日池處，但有陸地，而不見池，衆共悲喜，知是神靈化出池也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#399" id="400">（1）</a>便，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span>是時，冬十一月，花〔蘂〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#403" id="401">（1）</a>開敷，樹實竹筍，不辨於夏。凡在海中經十四日，方得着岸<a class="zhuhao" href="#404" id="402">（2）</a>。遣人求浦，乃有四經紀人便引道去。四人口云：“和上大果報，遇於弟子，不然合死。此間人物吃人，火急去來！”便引舟去。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#401" id="403">（1）</a>花蘂，羣本原作“花<span><img class="wordPic" height="" src="http://xuexi.ancientbooks.cn/shuju/u/cms/www/201708/2015203412v5.png" style="width: 12px; display: inline-block;" width=""/></span>”，當係筆誤。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。蘂，古通蕊。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00067','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P67</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#402" id="404">（2）</a>在海中漂流十四日始得着岸，這着陸地點以後又航行三日才到<span class="zhuanming">振州</span>（<span class="zhuanming">海南島</span>南端），由此可以推測到此着岸處，當爲<span class="zhuanming">南海</span>中一島。</span> </p><p> <span>入浦。晚，見一人被髮帶刀，諸人大怖，與食便去。</span> </p><p> <span>夜發，經三日乃到<span class="zhuanming">振州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#408" id="405">（1）</a>江口泊舟。其經紀人往報郡，其别駕<a class="zhuhao" href="#409" id="406">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">馮崇債</span>遣兵四百餘人來迎。引至州城，别駕來迎，乃云：“弟子早知和上來，昨夜夢有僧姓<span class="zhuanming">豐田</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#410" id="407">（3）</a>，當是<span class="zhuanming">債</span>舅。此間若有姓<span class="zhuanming">豐田</span>者否？”</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#405" id="408">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">振州</span>，現<span class="zhuanming">海南島</span><span class="zhuanming">崖縣</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#406" id="409">（2）</a>别駕，州裏面輔佐刺史的官。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#407" id="410">（3）</a>《大日本佛教全書》本《東征傳》校訂者<span class="zhuanming">高楠順次郎</span>在校注中和所著Le voyage de Kanshin en orient（742—754）（《鑑真在東洋的旅行》）一文中都説：“案，<span class="zhuanming">馮氏</span>恐與<span class="zhuanming">紀州</span>豪族<span class="zhuanming">豐田丸</span>有血緣歟。”（校注中語）<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>批評了這種想當然的説法。但是從另外一個角度來看，<span class="zhuanming">豐田</span>是<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>姓，<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>没有相似的姓氏。在當時比較落後而且遠在<span class="zhuanming">海南島</span>的一角，已經知道有這樣一個非<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>人所用的<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>姓氏看來，雖不能肯定當時已有血緣關係，但至少可以認爲那裏已經和<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>人有過往來，否則是無從知道<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>人姓氏的。</span> </p><p> <span>衆僧皆云：“無也。”</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">債</span>云：“此間雖無姓<span class="zhuanming">豐田</span>人，而今和上卽將當弟子<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00068','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P68</span></i>之舅。”卽迎入宅内，設〔齋〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#413" id="411">（1）</a>供養。又於太守廳内，設會授戒，仍入州<span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span>安置。其寺佛殿壞廢，衆僧各捨衣物造佛殿，住一年造了。别駕<span class="zhuanming">馮崇債</span>自備甲兵八百餘人送，經四十餘日，至<span class="zhuanming">萬安州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#414" id="412">（2）</a>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#411" id="413">（1）</a>齋，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作齊，誤。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#412" id="414">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">萬安州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">海南島</span><span class="zhuanming">萬寧縣</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">陵水縣</span>。</span> </p><p> <span>州大首領<span class="zhuanming">馮若芳</span>請住其家，三日供養。<span class="zhuanming">若芳</span>每年常刼取<span class="zhuanming">波斯</span>舶<a class="zhuhao" href="#417" id="415">（1）</a>二三艘，取物爲己貨，掠人爲奴婢。其奴婢居處，南北三日行，東西五日行，村村相次，總是<span class="zhuanming">若芳</span>奴婢之〔住〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#418" id="416">（2）</a>處也。<span class="zhuanming">若芳</span>會客，常用乳頭香爲燈燭，一燒一百餘斤。其宅後，蘇芳木露積如山；其餘財物，亦稱此焉。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#415" id="417">（1）</a>這裏的<span class="zhuanming">波斯</span>，並不指某一特定國家或地區，而是泛指<span class="zhuanming">阿剌伯</span>國家。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#416" id="418">（2）</a>住，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作往，旁注“住歟”。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span>行到<span class="zhuanming">崖州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#420" id="419">（1）</a>界，無賊，别駕乃迴去。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#419" id="420">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">崖州</span>，各本均作<span class="zhuanming">岸州</span>，誤。按<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>無<span class="zhuanming">岸州</span>。且從地理上論，應爲<span class="zhuanming">崖州</span>而非<span class="zhuanming">岸州</span>，顯係傳抄之誤。<span class="zhuanming">崖州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">海南島</span><span class="zhuanming">文昌縣</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">澄邁縣</span>。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>師從海路經四十餘日，到<span class="zhuanming">崖州</span>，州遊<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00069','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P69</span></i>奕<a class="zhuhao" href="#422" id="421">（1）</a>大使<span class="zhuanming">張雲</span>出迎，拜謁，引入。令住<span class="zhuanming">開元寺</span>。官寮參省設齋，施物盈滿一屋。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#421" id="422">（1）</a>遊奕大使，不詳。<span class="zhuanming">安藤</span>氏稱爲剿討起義部隊之軍司令官一類的武官。</span> </p><p> <span>彼處珍異口味，乃有益智子<a class="zhuhao" href="#431" id="423">（1）</a>﹑檳榔子﹑〔椰子〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#432" id="424">（2）</a>﹑荔支子﹑龍眼﹑甘蕉﹑拘莚<a class="zhuhao" href="#433" id="425">（3）</a>，摟頭<a class="zhuhao" href="#434" id="426">（4）</a>大如缽盂，甘甜於蜜，花如七寶色；〔瞻〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#435" id="427">（5）</a>唐香樹，聚生成林，風至，香聞五里之外；又有波羅捺樹，〔菓〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#436" id="428">（6）</a>大如冬瓜，樹似〔檳〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#437" id="429">（7）</a>楂；畢鉢〔菓〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#438" id="430">（8）</a>，子同今見，葉似水葱；其根味似乾柿。十月作田，正月收粟；養蠶八度，收稻再度。男着木笠，女着布絮。人皆彫蹄鑿齒，繡面鼻飲，是其異也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#423" id="431">（1）</a>益智子，如小棗，兩端尖，核黑皮白，可食用﹑入藥。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#424" id="432">（2）</a>椰子，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本等原闕此二字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。<span class="zhuanming">北川</span>本在此處有頭注：“榔子下，一本在（“有”之誤）椰子二字”十字。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#425" id="433">（3）</a>拘莚，香櫞，也稱拘櫞。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#426" id="434">（4）</a>摟頭，疑爲柚子。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#427" id="435">（5）</a>瞻唐香樹，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本等原作“膽唐香樹”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#428" id="436">（6）</a>菓，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“杲”，誤。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。波羅捺，現稱波羅蜜。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#429" id="437">（7）</a>檳楂，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“榠楂”，據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。檳楂，卽檳<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00070','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P70</span></i>榔樹。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#430" id="438">（8）</a>畢鉢菓，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本等原作“畢鉢艸”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。畢鉢注見前。</span> </p><p> <span>大使已下，至於典正，作番供養衆僧。大使自手行食，將優曇鉢樹<a class="zhuhao" href="#441" id="439">（1）</a>葉以充生菜，復將優曇鉢子供養衆僧。乃云：“和上知否，此是優曇鉢樹子。此樹有子〔無〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#442" id="440">（2）</a>花，弟子得遇和上，如優曇鉢花，甚難值遇。”其葉赤色，圓一尺餘；子色紫丹，氣味甜美。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#439" id="441">（1）</a>優曇鉢，卽無花菓。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#440" id="442">（2）</a>此樹有子無花，除<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本外，各本皆闕一無字，作“此樹有子花〔華〕”，文義不通。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span>彼州遭火，寺〔並〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#448" id="443">（1）</a>被燒，和上受大使請造寺。<span class="zhuanming">振州</span>别駕聞和上造寺，卽遣諸奴，各令進一椽，三日内一時將來，卽構佛殿﹑講堂﹑塼塔。〔椽〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#449" id="444">（2）</a>木〔有〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#450" id="445">（3）</a>餘；又造<span class="zhuanming">釋迦</span>丈六佛像。登壇〔授〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#451" id="446">（4）</a>戒﹑講律，度人已畢，仍别大使去。仍〔差〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#452" id="447">（5）</a><span class="zhuanming">澄邁縣</span>令，〔着〕送上船。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#443" id="448">（1）</a>並，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“共”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#444" id="449">（2）</a>椽，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本均作“椂”字，今據<span class="zhuanming">北川</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#445" id="450">（3）</a>有餘，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本均闕“有”字，作“椽木餘”，雖通，但文字較澀。故依<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#446" id="451">（4）</a>授戒，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“受戒”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00071','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P71</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#447" id="452">（5）</a>仍差<span class="zhuanming">澄邁縣</span>令，着送上船。<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“仍着<span class="zhuanming">澄邁縣</span>令，看送上船。”欠通，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span>三日三夜，便達<span class="zhuanming">雷州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#462" id="453">（1）</a>。<span class="zhuanming">羅州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#463" id="454">（2）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">辨州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#464" id="455">（3）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">象州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#465" id="456">（4）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">白州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#466" id="457">（5）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">傭州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#467" id="458">（6）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">藤州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#468" id="459">（7）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">梧州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#469" id="460">（8）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">桂州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#470" id="461">（9）</a>等官人﹑僧﹑道﹑父老迎送禮拜，供養承事，其事無量，不可言記。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#453" id="462">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">雷州</span>，在今<span class="zhuanming">廣東省</span><span class="zhuanming">雷州半島</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#454" id="463">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">羅州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">廣東省</span><span class="zhuanming">廉江縣</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#455" id="464">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">辨州</span>，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本原作“<span class="zhuanming">并州</span>”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本作“<span class="zhuanming">弁州</span>”，都是錯誤的。按<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">并州</span>在<span class="zhuanming">山西</span>，當時<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚一行的路線是從<span class="zhuanming">雷州</span>（現在的<span class="zhuanming">雷州半島</span>）赴<span class="zhuanming">傭州</span>（現在的<span class="zhuanming">廣西</span><span class="zhuanming">容縣</span>）和<span class="zhuanming">藤州</span>（<span class="zhuanming">廣西</span><span class="zhuanming">藤縣</span>），根本不過<span class="zhuanming">山西</span>，因此<span class="zhuanming">并州</span>等是錯誤的。但<span class="zhuanming">辨州</span>也應作“<span class="zhuanming">辯州</span>”，因<span class="zhuanming">辯州</span>在現在<span class="zhuanming">廣東省</span>的<span class="zhuanming">化縣</span>，爲從<span class="zhuanming">雷州半島</span>赴<span class="zhuanming">廣西</span>的中途；因此可以認爲<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本的“弁”是無誤的，而弁是辯的簡化，并很可能是弁所誤而來。這裏暫置疑，所以辨不改爲辯。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#456" id="465">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">象州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">廣西</span><span class="zhuanming">象州</span>縣。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#457" id="466">（5）</a><span class="zhuanming">白州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">廣西</span><span class="zhuanming">博白</span>縣。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#458" id="467">（6）</a><span class="zhuanming">傭州</span>，<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>稱，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>無<span class="zhuanming">傭州</span>，而係<span class="zhuanming">繡州</span>之誤，而<span class="zhuanming">繡州</span>爲今<span class="zhuanming">廣西</span><span class="zhuanming">陸川縣</span>。但如再細考一下，則<span class="zhuanming">傭州</span>可能爲<span class="zhuanming">容州</span>之誤，容﹑傭音通。而<span class="zhuanming">容州</span>當今之<span class="zhuanming">廣西</span><span class="zhuanming">容縣</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#459" id="468">（7）</a><span class="zhuanming">藤州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">廣西</span><span class="zhuanming">藤縣</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#460" id="469">（8）</a><span class="zhuanming">梧州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">廣西</span><span class="zhuanming">蒼梧縣</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#461" id="470">（9）</a><span class="zhuanming">桂州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">廣西</span><span class="zhuanming">桂林</span>。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00072','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P72</span></i><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">始安</span><span class="zhuanming">〔郡〕</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#476" id="471">（1）</a>都督<span class="zhuanming">上黨</span>公<span class="zhuanming">馮古璞</span>等步出〔城〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#477" id="472">（2）</a>外，五體投地，接足而禮，引入<span class="zhuanming">開元寺</span>。初開佛殿，香氣滿城，城中僧徒<a class="zhuhao" href="#478" id="473">（3）</a>〔擎〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#479" id="474">（4）</a>幡﹑燒香﹑唱梵，雲集寺中。州縣官人﹑百姓填滿街衢，禮拜讚嘆，日夜不絶。<span class="zhuanming">馮</span>都督來，自手行食，供養衆僧，請和上受菩薩戒。其所都督七十四州官人﹑選舉試學人併集此州<a class="zhuhao" href="#480" id="475">（5）</a>；隨都督受菩薩戒人，其數無量。和上留住一年。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#471" id="476">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">始安郡</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本等原闕“郡”字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。<span class="zhuanming">始安郡</span>卽<span class="zhuanming">桂州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">廣西</span><span class="zhuanming">桂林</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#472" id="477">（2）</a>城外，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“<span class="zhuanming">󵻈</span>外”，<span class="zhuanming">北川</span>本作“域外”，均誤。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#473" id="478">（3）</a>城中僧徒，<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本作“城中僧俗”，由文義上論，以城中僧徒爲宜，因據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本留原“城中僧徒”句。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#474" id="479">（4）</a>擎，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“擊”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#475" id="480">（5）</a>這裏的“其所都督七十四州官人，選舉試學人併集此州”。當指<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>代的“南選”。按《舊唐書·高宗紀》，<span class="zhuanming">上元</span>三年（公元六七六年）八月：“壬寅，置南選使，簡補<span class="zhuanming">廣</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">交</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">黔</span>等州官吏。”《唐會要》卷七五南選條説：“<span class="zhuanming">上元</span>三年八月七日，勅<span class="zhuanming">桂</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">廣</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">交</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">黔</span>等州都督府，比來所奏土人首領任官簡釋，未甚得所。自今已後，宜准舊制。四年一度，差强清正五品已上官，充使選補。”按當時<span class="zhuanming">嶺南</span>選使駐<span class="zhuanming">桂州</span>。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00073','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P73</span></i><p> <span>時<span class="zhuanming">南海郡</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#486" id="481">（1）</a>大都督﹑五府經略﹑採訪大使﹑攝御史中丞﹑<span class="zhuanming">廣州</span>太守<span class="zhuanming">盧奂</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#487" id="482">（2）</a>牒下諸州，迎和上向<span class="zhuanming">廣府</span>。時<span class="zhuanming">馮</span>都督來，親送和上，自扶上船，口云：“<span class="zhuanming">古璞</span>與和上，終至彌勒天宫<a class="zhuhao" href="#488" id="483">（3）</a>相見。”悲泣〔而〕别去<a class="zhuhao" href="#489" id="484">（4）</a>。下<span class="zhuanming">桂江</span>，七日至<span class="zhuanming">梧州</span>，次至<span class="zhuanming">端州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#490" id="485">（5）</a><span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>師奄然遷化，大和上哀慟悲切，送喪而去。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#481" id="486">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">南海郡</span>，指今<span class="zhuanming">廣東省</span>一带。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>元年，以<span class="zhuanming">廣州</span>中都督府改<span class="zhuanming">南海郡</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#482" id="487">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">盧奂</span>，各本均誤作<span class="zhuanming">盧焕</span>。但據新﹑舊《唐書》及《資治通鑑》，應作<span class="zhuanming">盧奂</span>。按<span class="zhuanming">盧奂</span>，<span class="zhuanming">河北</span><span class="zhuanming">范陽</span>人。父<span class="zhuanming">懷慎</span>是<span class="zhuanming">李隆基</span>（<span class="zhuanming">唐玄宗</span>）朝宰相，《舊唐書》有傳。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#483" id="488">（3）</a>彌勒天宫，指西方極樂世界。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#484" id="489">（4）</a>悲泣而别去，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“而悲泣别去”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#485" id="490">（5）</a><span class="zhuanming">端州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">廣東</span><span class="zhuanming">高要縣</span>。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">端州</span>太守迎引送至<span class="zhuanming">廣州</span>，<span class="zhuanming">盧</span>都督率諸道俗出迎城外，恭敬承事，其事無量。引入<span class="zhuanming">大雲寺</span>，四事供養，登壇受戒。此寺有訶棃勒<a class="zhuhao" href="#512" id="491">（1）</a>樹二株，子如大棗。又<span class="zhuanming">開元寺</span>有<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>人造白檀華嚴經<a class="zhuhao" href="#513" id="492">（2）</a>九會，率工匠六十人，三十年造畢，用物卅萬貫<a class="zhuhao" href="#514" id="493">（3）</a>錢，欲〔將往〕<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#515" id="494">（4）</a>；採訪使劉<span class="zhuanming">〔巨鱗〕</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#516" id="495">（5）</a>奏狀，勅留<span class="zhuanming">開元寺</span>供養，七寶<a class="zhuhao" href="#517" id="496">（6）</a>莊嚴，不可思<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00074','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P74</span></i>議。又有<span class="zhuanming">婆羅門</span>寺<a class="zhuhao" href="#518" id="497">（7）</a>三所，並梵僧居住。池有青蓮花，花﹑葉﹑〔莖〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#519" id="498">（8）</a>﹑根並芬馥奇異。江中有<span class="zhuanming">婆羅門</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#520" id="499">（9）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">波斯</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">崑崙</span>等舶，不知其數；並載香藥﹑珍寶，積載如山。其舶深六﹑七丈。<span class="zhuanming">師子國</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#521" id="500">（10）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">大石國</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#522" id="501">（11）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">骨唐國</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#523" id="502">（12）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">白蠻</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#524" id="503">（13）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">赤蠻</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#525" id="504">（14）</a>等往來居〔住〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#526" id="505">（15）</a>，種類極多。州城三重，都督執六纛<a class="zhuhao" href="#527" id="506">（16）</a>，一纛一軍，威嚴不異天子；紫緋滿城，邑居逼側。大和上住此一春，發向<span class="zhuanming">韶州</span>，傾城遠送；乘江七百餘里，至<span class="zhuanming">韶州</span><span class="zhuanming">禪居寺</span>，留住三日。<span class="zhuanming">韶州</span>官人又迎引入<span class="zhuanming">法泉寺</span>，乃是<span class="zhuanming">則天</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">慧能</span>禪師<a class="zhuhao" href="#528" id="507">（17）</a>造寺也，禪師影像今現在。後移<span class="zhuanming">開元寺</span>，<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>師從此辭和上向嶺北去，〔至〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#529" id="508">（18）</a><span class="zhuanming">明州</span><span class="zhuanming">阿育王寺</span>。是歲，<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>九載<a class="zhuhao" href="#530" id="509">（19）</a>也。時，和上執<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>〔師〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#531" id="510">（20）</a>手，悲泣而曰：“爲傳戒律，發願過海，遂不至<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>，本願不遂。”於是分手，感念無喻。時和上頻經炎熱，眼光暗昧，爰有<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>人<a class="zhuhao" href="#532" id="511">（21）</a>言能治目，遂加療治，眼遂失明。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#491" id="512">（1）</a>訶棃勒，<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>果名。《本草》：“訶棃勒，樹似木槵；花白，子似梔子。”主消痰﹑下氣，化食開胃。<span class="zhuanming">廣州</span>亦有之，七﹑八月實熟，六路者佳。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#492" id="513">（2）</a>華嚴經九會，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本及<span class="zhuanming">安藤</span>現代語譯本均作“華嚴經九會變”。白檀華嚴經九會指用白檀木彫的華嚴經九會（三段三面彫像）。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00075','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P75</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#493" id="514">（3）</a>卅萬貫，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本作“卌萬貫”，<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本作“四十萬貫”，<span class="zhuanming">安藤</span>現代語譯本亦作“四十萬貫”。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#494" id="515">（4）</a>欲將往<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“欲傳於<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>”，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本作“欲往<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>”。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>指<span class="zhuanming">印度</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#495" id="516">（5）</a><span class="zhuanming">劉巨鱗</span>，各本均誤作“劉臣隣”。今據新﹑舊《唐書》等史籍校改。參閲前注。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#496" id="517">（6）</a>七寶，佛經上所指珍物，但各經之間，多少有些不同。如《法華經》以金﹑銀﹑瑠璃﹑硨磲﹑瑪瑙﹑真珠﹑玫瑰爲七寶；《無量壽經》以金﹑銀﹑瑠璃﹑玻璃﹑珊瑚﹑瑪瑙﹑硨磲爲七寶；而《阿彌陀經》則以金﹑銀﹑琉璃﹑玻璃﹑硨磲﹑赤珠﹑瑪瑙爲七寶。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#497" id="518">（7）</a><span class="zhuanming">婆羅門</span>寺，指<span class="zhuanming">印度</span>寺。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#498" id="519">（8）</a>青蓮華，以後<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>東渡時，還帶去“青蓮華廿莖”（《延曆僧録》）。莖根並芬馥，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本等原作：“根柢並芬馥”，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本作“根莖並芬馥”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本作“花根並芬馥”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#499" id="520">（9）</a><span class="zhuanming">婆羅門</span>指現在的<span class="zhuanming">印度</span>一帶。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">波斯</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">伊朗</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">崑崙</span>指<span class="zhuanming">馬來半島</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">印度尼西亞</span>等<span class="zhuanming">東南亞</span>國家。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#500" id="521">（10）</a><span class="zhuanming">師子國</span>，現在的<span class="zhuanming">斯里蘭卡</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#501" id="522">（11）</a><span class="zhuanming">大石國</span>，卽<span class="zhuanming">大食國</span>，指七世紀興起的<span class="zhuanming">阿拉伯帝國</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#502" id="523">（12）</a><span class="zhuanming">骨唐國</span>，不詳。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#503" id="524">（13）</a><span class="zhuanming">白蠻</span>，不詳。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#504" id="525">（14）</a><span class="zhuanming">赤蠻</span>，不詳。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#505" id="526">（15）</a>往來居住，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本並作“往來居往”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00076','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P76</span></i>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#506" id="527">（16）</a>纛，大旗。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#507" id="528">（17）</a><span class="zhuanming">慧能</span>，禪宗六世祖，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">儀鳳</span>二年（公元六七七年）居此寺。後寺擴建，至<span class="zhuanming">中宗</span><span class="zhuanming">神龍</span>元年（公元七○五年）名爲<span class="zhuanming">中興寺</span>，三年（公元七○八年）又改修，嚴飾佛殿等，改名<span class="zhuanming">法泉寺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">先天</span>二年（公元七一三年），<span class="zhuanming">慧能</span>去世，卽就他的肉身上加漆成肉身像。但據《宋高僧傳》所記，<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>十一年（公元七二三年）曾發生<span class="zhuanming">新羅</span>客盗其首回國之事。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#508" id="529">（18）</a>至，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕此字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#509" id="530">（19）</a><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>九載，公元七五○年，<span class="zhuanming">日</span><span class="zhuanming">孝謙天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">天平勝寶</span>二年。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#510" id="531">（20）</a>師，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕此字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#511" id="532">（21）</a>這裏能治目的<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>人，不知指那國人。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>人筆記中有不少記載<span class="zhuanming">阿剌伯</span>人治病之事。此<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>人很可能爲<span class="zhuanming">阿剌伯</span>人。又<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>稱<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚之失明，很可能由於白内障所致。</span> </p><p> <span>後巡遊<span class="zhuanming">靈鷲寺</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">廣果寺</span>，登壇〔授〕戒<a class="zhuhao" href="#547" id="533">（1）</a>。至<span class="zhuanming">湞昌縣</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#548" id="534">（2）</a>，過<span class="zhuanming">大庾嶺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#549" id="535">（3）</a>，至<span class="zhuanming">虔州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#550" id="536">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">開元寺</span>；僕射<span class="zhuanming">鍾紹京</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#551" id="537">（5）</a>左〔降〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#552" id="538">（6）</a>在此，請和上至宅，立壇受戒。次至<span class="zhuanming">吉州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#553" id="539">（7）</a>，僧<span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>於舟上端坐，問<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>師云：“大和上睡覺否？”<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>答曰：“睡未起。”<span class="zhuanming">彦</span>云：“今欲死别。”<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>諮和上，和上燒香，將曲几來，使<span class="zhuanming">彦</span>凭几向西方念阿彌陀佛。<span class="zhuanming">彦</span>卽一聲唱佛，端坐，寂然無言。和上乃唤<span class="zhuanming">彦</span>，<span class="zhuanming">彦</span>悲慟無數。時，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00077','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P77</span></i>諸州道俗聞和上歸嶺北來，四方奔集，日常三百以上；人物駢闐<a class="zhuhao" href="#554" id="540">（8）</a>，供具煒燁<a class="zhuhao" href="#555" id="541">（9）</a>。從此向<span class="zhuanming">江州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#556" id="542">（10）</a>，至<span class="zhuanming">廬山</span><span class="zhuanming">東林寺</span>，是<span class="zhuanming">晉</span>代<span class="zhuanming">慧遠</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#557" id="543">（11）</a>法師之所居也。<span class="zhuanming">遠</span>法師於是立壇授戒，天降甘露，因號甘露壇<a class="zhuhao" href="#558" id="544">（12）</a>，今尚存焉。近<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>九載<a class="zhuhao" href="#559" id="545">（13）</a>，有<span class="zhuanming">志恩</span>律師<a class="zhuhao" href="#560" id="546">（14）</a>於此壇上與授戒，又感天雨甘露。道俗見聞，歎同<span class="zhuanming">晉</span><span class="zhuanming">遠</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#533" id="547">（1）</a>授戒，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“受戒”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#534" id="548">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">湞昌縣</span>，各傳本均作“<span class="zhuanming">貞昌縣</span>”，但<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>代<span class="zhuanming">嶺南</span>並没有<span class="zhuanming">貞昌縣</span>，祇有<span class="zhuanming">湞昌縣</span>。據《元和郡縣志》所載：“<span class="zhuanming">湞昌縣</span>，<span class="zhuanming">光宅</span>元年（公元六八四年）析<span class="zhuanming">始興</span>北界置<span class="zhuanming">湞昌縣</span>，北當驛路，南臨<span class="zhuanming">湞水</span>。<span class="zhuanming">大庾嶺</span>在縣北五十里。”因據校改。<span class="zhuanming">湞昌縣</span>，現<span class="zhuanming">廣東</span><span class="zhuanming">南雄縣</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#535" id="549">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">大庾嶺</span>，五嶺山脈東端的嶺，也稱<span class="zhuanming">梅嶺</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#536" id="550">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">虔州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">江西</span><span class="zhuanming">贛縣</span>。<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本並作“<span class="zhuanming">處州</span>”，誤。按<span class="zhuanming">處州</span>是現在<span class="zhuanming">浙江</span>的<span class="zhuanming">青田</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">麗水</span>和<span class="zhuanming">龍泉</span>一帶，離<span class="zhuanming">大庾嶺</span>尚遠。而<span class="zhuanming">虔州</span>是<span class="zhuanming">江西</span><span class="zhuanming">贛縣</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">信豐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">南康</span>一帶，卽離<span class="zhuanming">大庾嶺</span>不遠的地區。下<span class="zhuanming">大庾嶺</span>首先到的地方，當是<span class="zhuanming">虔州</span>，而不應是<span class="zhuanming">處州</span>，所以應依<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#537" id="551">（5）</a><span class="zhuanming">鍾紹京</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">可大</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">江西</span><span class="zhuanming">虔州</span>人，善書畫。後面所謂左降在此，與<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚會見之事，恐係<span class="zhuanming">李隆基</span>卽位後，<span class="zhuanming">鍾</span>由户部尚書左降時。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#538" id="552">（6）</a>左降，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本等作“左隣”，不通。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00078','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P78</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#539" id="553">（7）</a><span class="zhuanming">吉州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">江西</span><span class="zhuanming">吉安</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#540" id="554">（8）</a>駢闐，聚會﹑齊集。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#541" id="555">（9）</a>煒燁，繁盛﹑華麗。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#542" id="556">（10）</a><span class="zhuanming">江州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">江西</span><span class="zhuanming">九江</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#543" id="557">（11）</a><span class="zhuanming">慧遠</span>（公元三三四—四一六年），<span class="zhuanming">東晉</span>時高僧。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#544" id="558">（12）</a>甘露壇，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">陳舜俞</span>在其所著《廬山記》卷一中，對甘露壇有所描述説：“甘露戒壇，在寺之東南隅。<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">太清</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">襲</span>法師講《金光明經》於林間，甘露浹木者三日，因於林間作戒壇焉。世傳江南有三戒壇，此其一也。”這説法與《東征傳》所説不同。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#545" id="559">（13）</a><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>九載，公元七五○年，<span class="zhuanming">日</span><span class="zhuanming">孝謙</span><span class="zhuanming">天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">天平勝寶</span>二年。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#546" id="560">（14）</a><span class="zhuanming">志恩</span>，<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本作“<span class="zhuanming">志思</span>”，誤。《延曆僧録》第一《高僧沙門釋鑑真傳》中有“和上弟子亦感祥瑞，天垂甘露，地漾星珠。卽<span class="zhuanming">江州</span><span class="zhuanming">廬山</span><span class="zhuanming">東寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">志恩</span>以<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>九載春三月，於寺<span class="zhuanming">晉</span><span class="zhuanming">遠</span>法師甘露壇上，爲僧尼受戒。天降甘露……如是經二十日，日日天降，於是道俗共相歡，詠<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">恩</span>瑞同<span class="zhuanming">晉</span><span class="zhuanming">遠</span>。”《東征傳》所列<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚弟子名單中，有“<span class="zhuanming">江州</span><span class="zhuanming">大林寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">志恩</span>”當卽此人。</span> </p><p> <span>和上留連此地，已經三日，卽向<span class="zhuanming">潯陽</span><span class="zhuanming">龍泉寺</span>。昔<span class="zhuanming">遠</span>法師於是立寺，無水，爰發願曰：“若於此地堪棲止者，當使抽泉。”以錫杖扣地，有二青龍尋錫杖上，水卽飛<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00079','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P79</span></i>湧，今尚其水湧出地上三尺焉，因名〔曰〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#562" id="561">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">龍泉寺</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#561" id="562">（1）</a>曰，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕此字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span>從此陸行至<span class="zhuanming">江州</span>城，太守<a class="zhuhao" href="#565" id="563">（1）</a>追集州内僧﹑尼﹑道士﹑〔女〕官<a class="zhuhao" href="#566" id="564">（2）</a>﹑州縣官人﹑百姓，香花音樂來迎，請停三日供養。太守親從<span class="zhuanming">潯陽縣</span>至<span class="zhuanming">九江驛</span>，和上乘舟與太守别去。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#563" id="565">（1）</a>太守，除<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本外，各本均作“大守”，據改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#564" id="566">（2）</a>女官，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“安官”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span>從此七日至<span class="zhuanming">潤州</span><span class="zhuanming">江寧縣</span>，<a class="zhuhao" href="#571" id="567">（1）</a>入<span class="zhuanming">瓦官寺</span>登寶閣。閣高二十丈，是<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">武帝</span>之所建也，至今三百餘歲，微有傾損。昔一夜暴風急吹，明〔旦〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#572" id="568">（2）</a>，人看閣下四隅，有〔八〕神跡<a class="zhuhao" href="#573" id="569">（3）</a>，長三尺，入地三寸；今造四神王像，扶持閣四角，其神〔踐〕跡<a class="zhuhao" href="#574" id="570">（4）</a>，今尚存焉。昔<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">武帝</span>崇信佛法，興建伽藍，今有<span class="zhuanming">江寧寺</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">彌勒寺</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">長慶寺</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">延祚寺</span>等，其數甚多；莊嚴彫刻，已盡工巧。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#567" id="571">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">潤州</span><span class="zhuanming">江寧</span>縣，今<span class="zhuanming">江蘇</span><span class="zhuanming">江寧縣</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#568" id="572">（2）</a>明旦，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“明且”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#569" id="573">（3）</a>有八神跡，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本均作“有四神跡”，當誤。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#570" id="574">（4）</a>踐跡，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕“踐”字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00080','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P80</span></i><p> <span>和上之弟子僧<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>承和上來，遠從<span class="zhuanming">棲霞寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#578" id="575">（1）</a>迎來，見和上五體投地，進接和上足，展轉悲泣而歎曰：“我大和上遠向海東，自謂一生不獲再覲，今日親禮，誠如盲龜開目見日；戒燈重明，昏衢再〔朗〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#579" id="576">（2）</a>。”卽引還<span class="zhuanming">棲霞寺</span>，住三日。却下<span class="zhuanming">攝山</span>，歸<span class="zhuanming">揚府</span>。過江至<span class="zhuanming">新河</span>岸，卽入<span class="zhuanming">揚子</span>亭<a class="zhuhao" href="#580" id="577">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">既濟寺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">江都</span>道俗，奔填道路，江中迎舟，舳艫連接；遂入城，住本󲳴<span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#575" id="578">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">棲霞寺</span>，在<span class="zhuanming">鎮江</span><span class="zhuanming">棲霞山</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#576" id="579">（2）</a>再朗，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“再照”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#577" id="580">（3）</a>停，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“亭”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本作“停”誤。</span> </p><p> <span>和上從南<span class="zhuanming">振州</span>來至<span class="zhuanming">揚府</span>，所經州縣，立壇授戒，無空過者。今亦於<span class="zhuanming">龍興</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">崇福</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">大明</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">〔延〕光</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#604" id="581">（1）</a>等寺講律授戒，〔暫〕無停斷<a class="zhuhao" href="#605" id="582">（2）</a>。昔<span class="zhuanming">光州</span><span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>律師命世挺生，天下四百餘州，以爲受戒之主。<span class="zhuanming">岸</span>律師遷化之後，其弟子〔<span class="zhuanming">杭州</span>〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#606" id="583">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">義威</span>律師響振四遠，德流八紘<a class="zhuhao" href="#607" id="584">（4）</a>，諸州亦以爲受戒師。<span class="zhuanming">義威</span>律師無常之後，<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>廿一年<a class="zhuhao" href="#608" id="585">（5）</a>，時大和上年滿卌六；<span class="zhuanming">淮</span>南<span class="zhuanming">江</span>左净持戒〔律〕者<a class="zhuhao" href="#609" id="586">（6）</a>，唯大和上獨秀無倫，道俗歸心，仰爲授戒大師。凡前後講大律<a class="zhuhao" href="#610" id="587">（7）</a>並〔疏〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#611" id="588">（8）</a>〔卌〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#612" id="589">（9）</a>遍，講《律鈔》<a class="zhuhao" href="#613" id="590">（10）</a>七十遍，講《輕重〔儀〕》<a class="zhuhao" href="#614" id="591">（11）</a>十遍，講《羯磨疏》十遍；具修三學<a class="zhuhao" href="#615" id="592">（12）</a>，博達〔五〕乘<a class="zhuhao" href="#616" id="593">（13）</a>；外秉威儀，内求奥理。講授之〔閒〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#617" id="594">（14）</a>，造立寺舍，供養十方<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00081','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P81</span></i>〔衆〕僧<a class="zhuhao" href="#618" id="595">（15）</a>，造佛菩薩像，其數無量；縫〔衲〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#619" id="596">（16）</a>袈裟チ領，布袈裟二千餘領，〔供〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#620" id="597">（17）</a>送<span class="zhuanming">五台山</span>僧，設無遮大會<a class="zhuhao" href="#621" id="598">（18）</a>；開悲田<a class="zhuhao" href="#622" id="599">（19）</a>而救濟貧病，〔設〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#623" id="600">（20）</a>敬田<a class="zhuhao" href="#624" id="601">（21）</a>而供養三寶<a class="zhuhao" href="#625" id="602">（22）</a>。寫《一切經》三部，各一萬〔一〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#626" id="603">（23）</a>千卷；前後度人﹑授戒，略計過四萬有餘。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#581" id="604">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">延光寺</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“近光寺”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#582" id="605">（2）</a>暫無停斷，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“蹔無停斷”，據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#583" id="606">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">杭州</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#584" id="607">（4）</a>八紘，天地之間。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#585" id="608">（5）</a><span class="zhuanming">開元</span>廿一年，公元七三三年，<span class="zhuanming">日</span><span class="zhuanming">聖武</span><span class="zhuanming">天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">天平</span>五年。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#586" id="609">（6）</a>持戒律者，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本闕“律”字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#587" id="610">（7）</a>大律，指《四分律》。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#588" id="611">（8）</a>疏，各本均作“󵻉”，誤；疏指《四分律疏》。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#589" id="612">（9）</a>卌遍，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“册遍”，當係傳抄之誤，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#590" id="613">（10）</a>《律鈔》，指<span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>的《四分律行事鈔》。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#591" id="614">（11）</a>《輕重儀》，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“輕重義”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。《輕重儀》，指<span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>的《量處輕重儀》。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#592" id="615">（12）</a>三學，指戒學﹑定學和慧學三者。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#593" id="616">（13）</a>五乘，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“三乘”，由上文“三學”看來，這裏似應是“五乘”，故據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。五乘指人乘﹑天乘﹑聲聞乘﹑緣覺乘及菩薩乘（《大藏法數》）。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00082','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P82</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#594" id="617">（14）</a>講授之閒，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“講授之間”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本均作“講授之閑”。在<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>代，可能此三字通用。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#595" id="618">（15）</a>供養十方衆僧，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本均闕“衆”字，<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本作“供養十分種”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#596" id="619">（16）</a>納，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本原作“納”，今據<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#597" id="620">（17）</a>供，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本闕此字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#598" id="621">（18）</a>無遮大會，供養一切沙門﹑<span class="zhuanming">婆羅門</span>和貧苦人民﹑孤獨老人﹑乞丐等的佈施大會，期達七天以上的稱無遮大會，也叫大施會。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#599" id="622">（19）</a>悲田，供救濟苦難貧窮之人用。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#600" id="623">（20）</a>設，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“啟”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#601" id="624">（21）</a>敬田，供佛寺供奉開支用的。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#602" id="625">（22）</a>三寶，指一切的佛陀，佛寶也；佛陀所説的教法，法寶也；隨法而修業，僧寶也。這三者在佛教中稱爲三寶。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#603" id="626">（23）</a>一萬一千卷，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“一萬千卷”，由行文習慣以視則顯脱一“一”字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span>其弟子中超羣拔萃，爲世師範者，卽有：<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>崇<span class="zhuanming">福寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">潤州</span><span class="zhuanming">天響寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">道金</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">安國寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">璿光</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">潤州</span><span class="zhuanming">棲霞寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">希瑜</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">白塔寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">潤州</span><span class="zhuanming">棲霞寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">乾印</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">汴州</span><span class="zhuanming">相國寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">神邕</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">潤州</span><span class="zhuanming">三昧寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">法藏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">江州</span>〔<span class="zhuanming">大</span>〕<span class="zhuanming">林寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#629" id="627">（1）</a>僧<span class="zhuanming">志恩</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">洛州</span><span class="zhuanming">福〔先〕寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#630" id="628">（2）</a>僧<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">既濟寺</span>僧<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00083','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P83</span></i><span class="zhuanming">明烈</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">安國寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">明債</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">越州</span><span class="zhuanming">道樹寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">璿真</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">興雲寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">惠琮</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">天台山</span><span class="zhuanming">國清寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">法雲</span>等三十五人，并爲翹楚，各在一方，弘法於世，導化羣生。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#627" id="629">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">大林寺</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“六林寺”，當係傳鈔之誤，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#628" id="630">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">福先寺</span>，除<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>乙本外，各本皆誤作“福光寺”，今據<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>乙本校改。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>十二載<a class="zhuhao" href="#639" id="631">（1）</a>，歲次癸巳，十月十五日壬午，<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>使大使特進<span class="zhuanming">藤原朝臣清河</span>，副使銀青光禄大夫﹑光禄卿<span class="zhuanming">大伴宿禰胡麿</span>，副使銀青光禄大夫﹑秘書監<span class="zhuanming">吉備朝臣真備</span>，衛尉卿<span class="zhuanming">安倍朝臣朝衡</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#640" id="632">（2）</a>等，來〔至〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#641" id="633">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">延光寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#642" id="634">（4）</a>，白和上云：“弟子等早知和上五遍渡海向<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>，將欲傳教，今親奉顔色，頂禮歡喜。弟子等先録和上尊名，並持律弟子五僧，已奏聞主上<a class="zhuhao" href="#643" id="635">（5）</a>，向<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>傳戒。主上要令將道士去，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>君王先不崇道士法，便奏留<span class="zhuanming">春桃原</span>等四人，令住學道士法。爲此，和上名亦奏退，願和上自作方便。弟子等自有載國信物船四舶，行裝具足，去亦無難。”時和上許諾已竟。時<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>道俗皆云，和上欲向<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>。由是，<span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>防護甚固<a class="zhuhao" href="#644" id="636">（6）</a>，無由進發，時有<span class="zhuanming">仁幹</span>禪師<a class="zhuhao" href="#645" id="637">（7）</a>從<span class="zhuanming">〔婺〕州</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#646" id="638">（8）</a>來，密知和上欲出，備具船舫於江頭相待。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00084','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P84</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#631" id="639">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>十二載，公元七五三年，<span class="zhuanming">日</span><span class="zhuanming">孝謙天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">天平勝寶</span>五年。按這一次<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使是<span class="zhuanming">天平勝寶</span>二年（公元七五○年，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>九載）任命的，大使<span class="zhuanming">藤原清河</span>，副使<span class="zhuanming">大伴古麿</span>（《東征傳》中作<span class="zhuanming">大伴胡麿</span>），次年又任命<span class="zhuanming">吉備真備</span>爲副使。四年渡<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>，經<span class="zhuanming">明州</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">越州</span>而到達<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>。<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>十二載元旦，<span class="zhuanming">李隆基</span>於<span class="zhuanming">蓬萊宫</span><span class="zhuanming">含元殿</span>引見並授位賞賜。不久他們回國，又特派鴻臚卿<span class="zhuanming">蔣挑捥</span>送至<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>。他們拜謁<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚，卽在此時。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#632" id="640">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">安倍朝臣朝衡</span>，就是<span class="zhuanming">阿倍仲麻吕</span>，當時正担任<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>秘書監兼衞尉卿。<span class="zhuanming">藤原</span>一行回國時他是隨行回國的，但是不是有遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>副使銜，無法證明。以後因船被風漂流到<span class="zhuanming">越南</span>一帶，和<span class="zhuanming">藤原</span><span class="zhuanming">清河</span>又轉回<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>，没有回國，埋骨在<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>大陸之上。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#633" id="641">（3）</a>至，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#634" id="642">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">延光寺</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“近光寺”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#635" id="643">（5）</a>這裏的主上是指<span class="zhuanming">唐玄宗</span><span class="zhuanming">李隆基</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#636" id="644">（6）</a><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>代對私自過關出國是禁止的。《唐律疏議》卷八，衞禁律中對私度關條説：“諸私度關者，徒一年；越度者，加一等</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">（不由門爲越）。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">”但是，從《東征傳》所記情況看來，此項律例似並未嚴格執行，而祇成具文。也可能具體執行的地方官是除有申告以外（像<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>等申告那次），其他不嚴格執行；否則<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>不可能離開<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>，更不能在離開前明目張膽地爲二十四個沙彌授戒。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#637" id="645">（7）</a><span class="zhuanming">仁幹</span>，《東征傳》中未提其有否從行，但他是在這一次隨行到<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的。《東大寺要録》卷四所引《廣傳》文中，有述及<span class="zhuanming">仁<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00085','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P85</span></i>幹</span>的：“又令<span class="zhuanming">（佐）伯今毛人</span>出贈位絹廿匹﹑絁廿匹﹑大布卌端﹑細布一百屯用施和上，餘僧各減半，從<span class="zhuanming">仁幹</span>已下與半位，物又減半。”</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#638" id="646">（8）</a><span class="zhuanming">婺州</span>，除<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>乙本外，各本皆作“務州”，顯誤。<span class="zhuanming">婺州</span>爲現在<span class="zhuanming">浙江</span><span class="zhuanming">金華</span>。</span> </p><p> <span>和上於<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>十二載十月〔十〕九日<a class="zhuhao" href="#660" id="647">（1）</a>戌時，從<span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>出，至江頭乘船。下時，有二十四沙彌悲泣〔赶〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#661" id="648">（2）</a>來，白和上言：“大和上今向海東，重〔覲〕無由<a class="zhuhao" href="#662" id="649">（3）</a>我，今者最後請予結緣。”乃於江邊爲二十四沙彌授戒。訖，乘船下至<span class="zhuanming">蘇州</span><span class="zhuanming">黄〔泗浦〕</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#663" id="650">（4）</a>。相隨弟子：<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">白塔寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">法進</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#664" id="651">（5）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">泉州</span><span class="zhuanming">超功寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">曇静</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#665" id="652">（6）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">台州</span><span class="zhuanming">開元寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">思託</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#666" id="653">（7）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">興雲寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">義静</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#667" id="654">（8）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">衢州</span><span class="zhuanming">靈耀寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">法載</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">竇州</span><span class="zhuanming">開元寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">法成</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#668" id="655">（9）</a>等一十四人，<span class="zhuanming">藤州</span><span class="zhuanming">通善寺</span>尼<span class="zhuanming">智首</span>等三人，<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>優婆塞<a class="zhuhao" href="#669" id="656">（10）</a><span class="zhuanming">潘仙童</span>，<span class="zhuanming">胡國</span>人<span class="zhuanming">安如寶</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#670" id="657">（11）</a>，<span class="zhuanming">崑崙國</span>人<span class="zhuanming">軍法力</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#671" id="658">（12）</a>，<span class="zhuanming">〔瞻〕波國</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#672" id="659">（13）</a>人<span class="zhuanming">善聽</span>，都二十四人。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#647" id="660">（1）</a>《東征傳》各本原均作十月廿九日，但從上下文看；十月十五日<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>使到<span class="zhuanming">延光寺</span>請<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚；廿三日已在<span class="zhuanming">蘇州</span><span class="zhuanming">黄泗浦</span>分乘各舟。則廿九日是明顯的錯誤，應作十九日，蓋祇有十九日才在十五日至廿三日之間。今據改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#648" id="661">（2）</a>赶來，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“走來”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本作“𧺛來”，此“𧺛”字當係“赶”之筆誤。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本校改。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00086','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P86</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#649" id="662">（3）</a>重覲無由我，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本作“重觀無由我”，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本等則作“重覲無由我”，由文辭而論，“重覲無由我”自更適於沙彌口吻，故據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#650" id="663">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">黄泗浦</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“黄洫津”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>博士考證<span class="zhuanming">黄泗浦</span>爲今<span class="zhuanming">常熟</span>之<span class="zhuanming">黄泗</span>。但當<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">宋</span>之際，<span class="zhuanming">日</span>遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>使有從<span class="zhuanming">常熟</span>發者，亦有從今<span class="zhuanming">上海</span>一帶入海者。所以此<span class="zhuanming">黄泗浦</span>亦當爲<span class="zhuanming">常熟</span>之<span class="zhuanming">黄泗</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#651" id="664">（5）</a><span class="zhuanming">法進</span>，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>的大弟子，到<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>後<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>被任爲大僧都時，<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>被任爲律師。以後在<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>禪院。據<span class="zhuanming">凝然</span>的《梵網戒本疏日珠鈔》卷四三説：“<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>大僧都者，本是<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>人，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>大和尚上足弟子也。隨大和尚來<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>，師資共建戒壇授戒，住<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>禪院。<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>戒律始祖<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>大和尚爲戒壇第一和上，<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>大僧都爲第二和上，其第三和上<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span><span class="zhuanming">如寶</span>少僧都，是亦<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>人。”按稱<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>爲大僧都和<span class="zhuanming">如寶</span>亦<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>人，均誤。<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>的從僧<span class="zhuanming">惠雲</span>，亦於此時隨行到<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>，《東征傳》中未載。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#652" id="665">（6）</a><span class="zhuanming">曇静</span>，以後担任戒師，並設立放生池（《類聚三代格》）。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#653" id="666">（7）</a><span class="zhuanming">思託</span>，《大和尚傳》（《廣傳》）﹑《延曆僧録》等的撰述者，六次追隨<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>東渡而未曾稍存退心的兩人中之一（另一人爲<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>），似爲<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>的從僧。《東征傳》卽<span class="zhuanming">三船</span>應其請而作。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#654" id="667">（8）</a><span class="zhuanming">義静</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法載</span>和<span class="zhuanming">如寶</span>，據《三國佛法傳通緣起》卷下《律宗瓊鑑章》<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>解中稱<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>寂化前，把<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>的事務委託給他們。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00087','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P87</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#655" id="668">（9）</a><span class="zhuanming">法成</span>，不詳。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#656" id="669">（10）</a>優婆塞，入佛道而不剃度，卽在家之男信士。又稱近事男。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#657" id="670">（11）</a><span class="zhuanming">胡</span>國人<span class="zhuanming">安如寶</span>，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本作“<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>國人寶最如寶”，誤。按<span class="zhuanming">安如寶</span>到<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>尚是優婆塞，以後受戒，並爲<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>繼<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>之後的主持者。<span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>金堂，傳爲其所建立。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#658" id="671">（12）</a><span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>講堂中的丈六彌勒像及脇侍菩薩像，傳爲<span class="zhuanming">軍法力</span>所雕，但没有確切證據。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#659" id="672">（13）</a><span class="zhuanming">瞻波國</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“<span class="zhuanming">謄波國</span>”，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本等作“<span class="zhuanming">膽波國</span>”，誤，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。按<span class="zhuanming">瞻波</span>卽我國史籍中的“<span class="zhuanming">占婆</span>”，也就是《唐書》中稱爲“<span class="zhuanming">瞻博</span>”者，卽今天<span class="zhuanming">越南</span>中南部一帶。</span> </p><p> <span>所將<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>肉舍利三千粒，功德繡普集變一鋪﹑<span class="zhuanming">阿彌陀如來</span>像一鋪﹑彫白㫋檀<a class="zhuhao" href="#689" id="673">（1）</a>千手像一軀﹑繡千手像一鋪﹑<span class="zhuanming">救〔苦〕觀世音</span>像<a class="zhuhao" href="#690" id="674">（2）</a>一鋪﹑<span class="zhuanming">藥師</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">彌陀</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">彌勒菩薩</span>瑞像各一軀，同障子，《大方廣佛華嚴經》八十卷﹑《大佛名經》十六卷﹑金字《大品經》一部﹑金字《大集經》一部﹑南本《湼槃經》一部四十卷﹑《四分律》一部六十卷﹑<span class="zhuanming">法勵</span>師《四分疏》<a class="zhuhao" href="#691" id="675">（3）</a>五本各十卷﹑<span class="zhuanming">光統</span>律師《四分疏》<a class="zhuhao" href="#692" id="676">（4）</a>百廿紙﹑《鏡中記》二本﹑<span class="zhuanming">智周</span>師<a class="zhuhao" href="#693" id="677">（5）</a>《菩薩戒疏》五卷﹑<span class="zhuanming">靈溪</span>釋子《菩薩戒疏》二卷﹑《天台止觀法門》〔計四十卷〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#694" id="678">（6）</a>﹑《玄義》﹑《文句》各十卷﹑《四教義》十二卷﹑《次第禪門》十一卷﹑《行法華懺法》一卷﹑《小止觀》一卷﹑《六玅門》一卷﹑<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00088','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P88</span></i>《明了論》一卷﹑<span class="zhuanming">定賓</span>律師《飾宗義記》九卷﹑《補釋宗義記》一卷﹑《戒疏》二本各一卷﹑<span class="zhuanming">觀音寺</span><span class="zhuanming">〔亮〕</span>律師<a class="zhuhao" href="#695" id="679">（7）</a>《義記》二本十卷﹑<span class="zhuanming">〔終〕南山</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#696" id="680">（8）</a><span class="zhuanming">宣</span>律師《含注戒本》一卷及疏﹑〔<span class="zhuanming">懷道</span>律師《戒本疏》四卷〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#697" id="681">（9）</a>﹑《行事抄》五本﹑《羯磨疏》等二本﹑<span class="zhuanming">懷素</span>律師《戒本疏》四卷﹑<span class="zhuanming">大覺</span>律師《批記》十四卷﹑《音訓》二本﹑《比丘尼傳》二本四卷<a class="zhuhao" href="#698" id="682">（10）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">玄奘</span>法師《西域記》一本十二卷﹑<span class="zhuanming">終南山</span><span class="zhuanming">宣</span>律師《關中創開戒壇圖〔經〕》<a class="zhuhao" href="#699" id="683">（11）</a>一卷﹑<span class="zhuanming">法銑</span>律師《尼戒本》一卷及疏二卷，合四十八部，及玉環水精手幡四口﹑󲳴󲳴金珠󲳴󲳴󲳴󲳴󲳴󲳴󲳴<a class="zhuhao" href="#700" id="684">（12）</a>菩提子三斗﹑青蓮花廿莖<a class="zhuhao" href="#701" id="685">（13）</a>﹑玳瑁疊子八面﹑<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>革履二〔量〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#702" id="686">（14）</a>，<span class="zhuanming">王右軍</span>真跡行書一帖﹑小<span class="zhuanming">王</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#703" id="687">（15）</a>真跡三帖﹑<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">朱和</span>等雜體書五十帖，󲳴󲳴󲳴󲳴󲳴󲳴<a class="zhuhao" href="#704" id="688">（16）</a>，水精手幡已下，皆進内裏。又<span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>塔樣金銅塔一區。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#673" id="689">（1）</a>白㫋檀，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本等作“白𣒰檀”。按檀香最初從<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>語譯出時，稱爲“㫋檀”，以後才改爲“𣒰檀”；所以<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本的“㫋檀”兩字，當爲其原始形態。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#674" id="690">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">救苦觀世音</span>像，羣本原作“救世觀世音像”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#675" id="691">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">法勵</span>師《四分疏》五本指《中疏》。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#676" id="692">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">光統</span>律師《四分疏》指《略疏》。又<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本闕“光”“律”兩字，僅作“統師四分疏”。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00089','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P89</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#677" id="693">（5）</a><span class="zhuanming">智周</span>，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本等諸本均作“<span class="zhuanming">智首</span>”，但五卷《菩薩戒疏》爲<span class="zhuanming">濮陽</span><span class="zhuanming">智周</span>所作，應作<span class="zhuanming">智周</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#678" id="694">（6）</a>“計四十卷”四字，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#679" id="695">（7）</a><span class="zhuanming">觀音寺</span><span class="zhuanming">亮</span>律師，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本均作“<span class="zhuanming">觀音寺</span><span class="zhuanming">高</span>律師”；按此<span class="zhuanming">亮</span>律師係指<span class="zhuanming">大亮</span>，今按<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#680" id="696">（8）</a><span class="zhuanming">終南山</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕“終”字，但下文“<span class="zhuanming">終南山</span><span class="zhuanming">宣</span>律師”則不闕，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#681" id="697">（9）</a>“<span class="zhuanming">懷道</span>律師《戒本疏》四卷”，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本並闕此九字，也可能與下文“<span class="zhuanming">懷素</span>律師《戒本疏》四卷”係同文，而以“道”易“素”。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#682" id="698">（10）</a>自“《行事抄》五本”至“《比丘尼傳》二本四卷”共四十一字爲<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本等所闕，而僅見於<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本者，恐爲後人所添入。按<span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>的《含注戒本疏》﹑《行事抄》及《羯磨疏》是律三大部。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#683" id="699">（11）</a>經，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#684" id="700">（12）</a>“玉環水精手幡四口”之後，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本並無表示空闕字樣的符號，直接與下文的“菩提子三斗”相接；<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本在“四口”後，闕十六字，中間無“金珠”兩字，並“菩”字亦闕；<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本在此空十八字，中間無“金珠”兩字，直接與“菩提子三斗”相接。<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本如現在的樣，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本在“金珠”之後空八字，《大日本佛教全書》本﹑<span class="zhuanming">北川</span>再刊本和<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>本則根據要録在“金珠”之後，補入六字，作“󲳴西國瑠璃瓶盛󲳴”。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#685" id="701">（13）</a>青蓮花廿莖，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“青蓮花葉廿莖”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00090','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P90</span></i>校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#686" id="702">（14）</a>量，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“緉”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#687" id="703">（15）</a>小<span class="zhuanming">王</span>，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">北川</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>本作“<span class="zhuanming">王獻之</span>”。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#688" id="704">（16）</a>“五十帖”之後，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本並無表示闕空字樣符號，<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本空十二字，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本空十一字，<span class="zhuanming">安藤</span>現代語譯本空七字。現空六字係<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本式樣。</span> </p><p> <span>廿三日庚寅，大使處分：大和上已下分乘副使已下舟。畢後，大使已下共議曰：“方今<span class="zhuanming">廣陵郡</span>覺知<a class="zhuhao" href="#708" id="705">（1）</a>和上向<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>，將欲搜舟，若被搜得，爲使有〔殃〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#709" id="706">（2）</a>；又〔被風〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#710" id="707">（3）</a>漂還，着<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>界，不免罪惡。”由是，衆僧總下舟，留。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#705" id="708">（1）</a>“方今<span class="zhuanming">廣陵郡</span>覺知”，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“方今<span class="zhuanming">廣陵郡</span>大覺知”，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本作“方今<span class="zhuanming">廣陵郡</span>又覺知”。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#706" id="709">（2）</a>爲使有殃，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本等原作“爲使有妨”，<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本則均作“爲使有殊”，欠通。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#707" id="710">（3）</a>被風，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“風被”，與上下文義不通，當係誤抄，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本還原。</span> </p><p> <span>十一月十日丁未夜，<span class="zhuanming">大伴</span>副使竊招和上及衆僧納己舟，總不令知。</span> </p><p> <span>十三日，<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>師從<span class="zhuanming">越</span><span class="zhuanming">餘姚郡</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#712" id="711">（1）</a>來，乘<span class="zhuanming">吉備</span>副使舟。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#711" id="712">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">越</span><span class="zhuanming">餘姚郡</span>，指<span class="zhuanming">明州</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">浙江</span><span class="zhuanming">寧波</span>一帶。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00091','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P91</span></i><p> <span>十五日壬子，四舟同發。有一雉飛第一舟前，仍下矴留。</span> </p><p> <span>十六日發，廿一日戊午，第一﹑第二兩舟同到<span class="zhuanming">阿兒奈波島</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#715" id="713">（1）</a>，在<span class="zhuanming">多禰島</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#716" id="714">（2）</a>西南；第三舟昨夜已泊同處。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#713" id="715">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">阿兒奈波島</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">冲繩島</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#714" id="716">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">多禰島</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">種子島</span>。</span> </p><p> <span>十二月六日，南風起，第一舟着石不動，第二舟發向<span class="zhuanming">多禰</span>去。七日，至<span class="zhuanming">益救島</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#718" id="717">（1）</a>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#717" id="718">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">益救島</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">尾久島</span>。</span> </p><p> <span>十八日，自<span class="zhuanming">益救</span>發。十九日，風雨大發，不知四方。午時，浪上見山頂。</span> </p><p> <span>廿日乙酉午時，第二舟著<span class="zhuanming">薩摩國</span><span class="zhuanming">阿多郡</span><span class="zhuanming">秋妻屋浦</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#720" id="719">（1）</a>。廿六日辛卯，<span class="zhuanming">延慶</span>師引和上入〔太〕宰府。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#719" id="720">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">薩摩國</span><span class="zhuanming">阿多郡</span><span class="zhuanming">秋妻屋浦</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">鹿兒島</span><span class="zhuanming">川邊郡</span><span class="zhuanming">西南方村</span><span class="zhuanming">大字秋目浦</span>。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">天平勝寶</span>六年<a class="zhuhao" href="#722" id="721">（1）</a>甲午，正月十一日丁未，副使從四位上<span class="zhuanming">大伴宿禰胡麿</span>奏：大和上到<span class="zhuanming">筑志</span>〔太〕宰府。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#721" id="722">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">天平勝寶</span>六年，公元七五四年，<span class="zhuanming">唐玄宗</span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>十三載。</span> </p><p> <span>二月一日到<span class="zhuanming">難波</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">崇道</span>等迎慰供養。</span> </p><p> <span>三日，至<span class="zhuanming">河内國</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#725" id="723">（1）</a>，大納言正二位<a class="zhuhao" href="#726" id="724">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">藤原朝臣仲麿</span><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00092','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P92</span></i>遣使迎慰，復有<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>律師遣弟子僧<span class="zhuanming">善談</span>等迎勞；復有高行僧<span class="zhuanming">志忠</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">賢璟</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">靈福</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">曉貴</span>等卅餘人迎來，禮謁󲳴󲳴。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#723" id="725">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">河内國</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">大阪府</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#724" id="726">（2）</a>當時大納言<span class="zhuanming">藤原仲麿</span>爲從二位，稱正二位，誤。</span> </p><p> <span>四日，入京，勑遣正四位下<span class="zhuanming">安宿王</span>於<span class="zhuanming">羅城門</span>外迎慰﹑拜勞，引入<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>安置。</span> </p><p> <span>五日，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">婆羅門</span><span class="zhuanming">菩提</span>僧正來慰問；宰相﹑右大臣﹑大納言已下官人百餘人來禮拜﹑問訊。後勑〔使〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#731" id="727">（1）</a>正四位下<span class="zhuanming">吉備朝臣真備</span>來，宣詔曰：“大德和上，遠涉滄波，來投此國，誠副朕意，喜慰無喻。朕造此<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>，經十餘年，欲立戒壇，傳受戒律，自有此心，日夜不忘。今諸大德，遠來傳戒，冥契朕心。自今以後，授戒傳律，一任和上。”<a class="zhuhao" href="#732" id="728">（2）</a>又勑僧都<span class="zhuanming">良辨</span>，令録諸臨壇大德名進内<a class="zhuhao" href="#733" id="729">（3）</a>。不經日<a class="zhuhao" href="#734" id="730">（4）</a>，勑授傳燈大法師位。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#727" id="731">（1）</a>勑使，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕“使”字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#728" id="732">（2）</a>這詔書，《大和尚傳》所載與此多少有所不同，由文字上論，《東征傳》較優美，但恐非原文。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#729" id="733">（3）</a>進内，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“進禁内”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#730" id="734">（4）</a>不經日，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“不經於日”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span>其年四月初，於<span class="zhuanming">盧舍那</span>殿前立戒壇，天皇初登壇受菩薩戒，次皇后﹑皇太子亦登壇受戒。尋爲沙彌<span class="zhuanming">澄修</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#739" id="735">（1）</a><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00093','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P93</span></i>等四百四十餘人授戒。又舊大僧<span class="zhuanming">靈〔福〕</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#740" id="736">（2）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">賢璟</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">志忠</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">善項</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道緣</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">〔平〕德</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#741" id="737">（3）</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">忍基</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">善謝</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">行潛</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">行忍</span>等八十餘人僧，捨舊戒<a class="zhuhao" href="#742" id="738">（4）</a>﹑重受和上所授之戒。後於大佛殿西，别作<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>，卽移天皇受戒壇土築作之。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#735" id="739">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">澄修</span>，<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本均作“證修”，《大和尚傳》亦作“證修”。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#736" id="740">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">靈福</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>乙本作“<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>”，這是錯誤的。<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>是<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚在<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>的高足，但並没有隨之東渡。當時捨舊戒而重受和上所授之戒的，是<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的高僧<span class="zhuanming">靈福</span>。上述二月三日，<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚一行至<span class="zhuanming">河内國</span>後，來迎諸高行僧中，卽有<span class="zhuanming">靈福</span>在内。《大和尚傳》中亦作“<span class="zhuanming">靈福</span>”。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#737" id="741">（3）</a><span class="zhuanming">平德</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“<span class="zhuanming">手德</span>”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#738" id="742">（4）</a>捨舊戒，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“捨於舊戒”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span>大和上從<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二載<a class="zhuhao" href="#746" id="743">（1）</a>始爲傳戒，五度裝束，渡海艱辛，雖被漂迴，本願不退。至第六度，過<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>卅六人，總無常〔去〕退心<a class="zhuhao" href="#747" id="744">（2）</a>。道俗二百餘人，唯有大和上﹑學問僧<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">天台</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>始終六度，經〔逾〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#748" id="745">（3）</a>十二年，遂果本願，來傳聖戒；方知濟物慈悲，宿因深厚，不惜身命，所度極多。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#743" id="746">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二載，應作“<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二年”，見前注。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#744" id="747">（2）</a>總無常去退心，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕“去”字，作“總無常退心”，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00094','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P94</span></i><span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本作“總無常志退心”，據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本改。總無常去，佛語死。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#745" id="748">（3）</a>逾，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“踰”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span>時有四方來學戒律者，緣無供養，多有退還，此事漏聞于天聽，仍以<span class="zhuanming">寶字</span>元年<a class="zhuhao" href="#759" id="749">（1）</a>丁酉十一月二十三日，勑施<span class="zhuanming">備前國</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#760" id="750">（2）</a>水田一百町，大和上以此田欲立伽藍<a class="zhuhao" href="#761" id="751">（3）</a>。時有勑旨，施大和上園地一區，是故一品<span class="zhuanming">新田部親王</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#762" id="752">（4）</a>之舊宅；<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>〔勸〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#763" id="753">（5）</a>請大和上以此地爲伽藍，長傳四分律藏，<span class="zhuanming">法勵〔師〕</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#764" id="754">（6）</a>《四分律疏》，《鎮國道場飾宗義記》<a class="zhuhao" href="#765" id="755">（7）</a>，《宣律師鈔》<a class="zhuhao" href="#766" id="756">（8）</a>，以持戒之力，保護國家。和上言大好，卽<span class="zhuanming">寶字</span>三年八月一日，私立<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>律招提名，後請官額，依此爲定；還以此日請<span class="zhuanming">善俊</span>師講件疏記等。所立〔寺〕者<a class="zhuhao" href="#767" id="757">（9）</a>，今<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提</span>是<a class="zhuhao" href="#768" id="758">（10）</a>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#749" id="759">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">寶字</span>元年，<span class="zhuanming">天平寶字</span>元年，公元七五七年，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">肅宗</span><span class="zhuanming">至德</span>二年。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#750" id="760">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">備前國</span>，今<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">岡山縣</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#751" id="761">（3）</a>伽藍，佛寺。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#752" id="762">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">新田</span><span class="zhuanming">部親王</span>，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">天武天皇</span>子，在<span class="zhuanming">長屋王</span>執政時，担任過知五衞及授刀舍人事，掌軍權。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#753" id="763">（5）</a>勸，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#754" id="764">（6）</a>師，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#755" id="765">（7）</a>《鎮國道場飾宗義記》，指<span class="zhuanming">定賓</span>律師的《飾宗義記》。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00095','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P95</span></i><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#756" id="766">（8）</a>《宣律師鈔》，指<span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>律師的《行事鈔》。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#757" id="767">（9）</a>所立寺者，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕“寺”字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#758" id="768">（10）</a>“今<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提</span>是”，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“今<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>也”。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span>初，大和上受中納言從三位<span class="zhuanming">冰上真人</span>之請<a class="zhuhao" href="#771" id="769">（1）</a>，〔詣〕宅<a class="zhuhao" href="#772" id="770">（2）</a>竊嘗其土，知可立寺，仍語弟子僧<span class="zhuanming">法智</span>：“此福地也，可立伽藍。”今遂成寺，可謂明鑒之先見也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#769" id="771">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">冰上真人</span>之請，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“<span class="zhuanming">冰上真人</span>之延請”，<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本則作“<span class="zhuanming">冰人真人</span>云久請”。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#770" id="772">（2）</a>詣宅，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本作“就宅”，<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">唐招提寺</span>本作“詣詫宅”，其中之“詫”字顯係衍字，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span>大和上誕生像季，親爲佛使；經云：“<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>處處度人，汝等亦斅如來，廣行度人。”和上既承遺風，度人逾於四萬，如上略件及講〔遍數〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#779" id="773">（1）</a>。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>律師請大和上門人<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>曰：“所學有基緒，<span class="zhuanming">璿</span>弟子閑<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>語者，令學<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>疏并鎮國記，幸見開導。”僧<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>便受於<span class="zhuanming">大安〔寺〕</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#780" id="774">（2）</a><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>院，爲<span class="zhuanming">忍基</span>等講，四﹑五年中，研磨數遍。<span class="zhuanming">寶字</span>三年，僧<span class="zhuanming">忍基</span>於<span class="zhuanming">東大</span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>院講《疏記》，僧<span class="zhuanming">善俊</span>於<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>寺講《件疏記》，僧<span class="zhuanming">忠惠</span>於<span class="zhuanming">近江</span>講《件疏記》，僧<span class="zhuanming">惠新</span>於<span class="zhuanming">大安塔院</span>講《件疏記》，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00096','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P96</span></i>僧<span class="zhuanming">常巍</span>於<span class="zhuanming">大安寺</span>講《件疏記》，僧<span class="zhuanming">真法</span>於<span class="zhuanming">興福寺</span>講《件疏記》。從此以來，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>律儀，漸漸嚴整；師〔師〕相傳<a class="zhuhao" href="#781" id="775">（3）</a>，遍於寰宇。如佛所言，我諸弟子展轉行之，卽爲<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>常在不滅；亦如一燈燃百千燈，暝者皆明明不絶。<span class="zhuanming">寶字</span>七年癸卯春<a class="zhuhao" href="#782" id="776">（4）</a>，弟子僧<span class="zhuanming">忍基</span>夢見講堂棟梁摧折，寤而驚懼，〔知〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#783" id="777">（5）</a>大和上遷化之相也；仍率諸弟子模大和上之影。是歲五月六日，結跏趺座，面西化，春秋七十六<a class="zhuhao" href="#784" id="778">（6）</a>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#773" id="779">（1）</a>遍數，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“數遍”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#774" id="780">（2）</a>寺，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#775" id="781">（3）</a>師師相傳，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“師資相傳”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#776" id="782">（4）</a><span class="zhuanming">寶字</span>七年，公元七六三年，<span class="zhuanming">唐代宗</span><span class="zhuanming">廣德</span>元年。又<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本皆闕“癸卯”兩字，作“<span class="zhuanming">寶字</span>七年春”，他本則作“<span class="zhuanming">寶字</span>七年癸卯春”。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#777" id="783">（5）</a>知，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“欲”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#778" id="784">（6）</a>春秋七十六，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本作“春秋七十七”，<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本則並闕“六”字，而作“春秋七十”。按<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚於<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">長安</span>元年（公元七○一年，<span class="zhuanming">日</span><span class="zhuanming">大寶</span>元年）爲十四歲，則至去世時的<span class="zhuanming">天平寶字</span>七年（公元七六三年，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">廣德</span>元年）應爲七十六歲。</span> </p><p> <span>化後三日，頂上猶煖，由是久不殯殮；至於闍維<a class="zhuhao" href="#791" id="785">（1）</a>，香氣滿山。平生〔常〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#792" id="786">（2）</a>謂僧<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>言：“我若終，己願〔坐〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#793" id="787">（3）</a>死，〔汝〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#794" id="788">（4）</a>可爲我於<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>别立影堂，舊住房與<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00097','1244423',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P97</span></i>僧住。”《千臂經》<a class="zhuhao" href="#795" id="789">（5）</a>云，臨終端〔坐〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#796" id="790">（6）</a>，如入禪定，當知此人已入初地。以兹驗之，聖凡難測。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#785" id="791">（1）</a>闍維，亦作荼毗，僧侣死後火化稱爲闍維。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#786" id="792">（2）</a>平生常謂，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“平生嘗謂”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#787" id="793">（3）</a>坐，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“座”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#788" id="794">（4）</a>汝，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原闕，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校增。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#789" id="795">（5）</a>《千臂經》，當指《千眼千臂觀世音菩薩陀羅尼神呪經》（<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">智通</span>譯）。其卷上有“臨命終之時，如入禪定”句。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#790" id="796">（6）</a>坐，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“座”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">寶</span>龜〔八〕年丁巳<a class="zhuhao" href="#800" id="797">（1）</a>，<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>使遣<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>，<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>諸寺皆承大和上之凶聞，總著喪服，向東舉哀三日，都會<span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>設大〔齋〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#801" id="798">（2）</a>會。其<span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>先是失火，皆被燒<a class="zhuhao" href="#802" id="799">（3）</a>，大和上昔住院房，獨不燒損，是亦戒德之餘慶也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#797" id="800">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">寶龜</span>八年丁巳，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“<span class="zhuanming">寶龜</span>元年丁巳”，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本作“同八年甲辰”。按丁巳爲<span class="zhuanming">寶龜</span>八年，而甲辰則爲<span class="zhuanming">天平寶字</span>八年，<span class="zhuanming">寶字</span>元年則爲庚戌。按<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>歷史，副使<span class="zhuanming">小野石根</span>（行大使事）一行有於<span class="zhuanming">寶龜</span>八年六月入<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>之記載，故<span class="zhuanming">寶龜</span>元年或同八年均誤。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#798" id="801">（2）</a>齋，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本及<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本等均誤作“齊”，今據<span class="zhuanming">北川</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#799" id="802">（3）</a>皆被燒，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“皆被燒火”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
1.鈔本
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152608" key="1152608"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 作者及版本簡介 &gt; 三、傳本 &gt; 1.鈔本 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152609" key="1152609"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00016','1244420',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P16</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000008">1.鈔本</p><p> <span>（1）觀<span class="zhuanming">智院</span>本（<span class="zhuanming">東寺</span>本）　<span class="zhuanming">觀智院</span>所藏《唐大和上東征傳》的古抄本，現在所知道的有兩種，分别稱爲：“<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本”和“<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本”。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本是目前所能知道的《東征傳》傳本中最古﹑最完善的一種抄本。這抄本是在<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>院政時代，卽從十世紀末到十一世紀時代所抄寫的卷子本。但這版本存在着一個很大的缺點，就是脱漏不少；而且在闕漏之處，往往一跳而過，不像後述的《羣書類從》本那樣留有空格符號（□），以致後人如果不用幾種版本細加校勘，就無從發見有所漏脱的。同時這版本的錯字也很多，因此從版本學上説，並不是什麽很好的版本。但是也不能忽略了這版本有一個最大的優點，就是在很多地方它和其他傳本都不一樣，細加推敲，特别是從上下行文和其他方面研究之後，就可以証明<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本是保持了《東征傳》原來面目的。這可能是由於其傳抄較早，因此竄改增删的可能性也相<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00017','1244420',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P17</span></i>對地較少所致。由於這緣故，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本在《東征傳》的校勘中，是一種極重要的版本；根據這版本，能將不少存有疑問的地方，還原到原來形態。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本於<span class="zhuanming">昭和</span>初年由<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">黑板勝美</span>發見，<span class="zhuanming">昭和</span>六年（公元一九三一年）<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>古典保存會用膠版影印出版，並由<span class="zhuanming">橋本進吉</span>撰文説明。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本也是一種卷子本，原藏於<span class="zhuanming">東寺</span><span class="zhuanming">觀智院</span>，第二次世界大戰以後發見，在<span class="zhuanming">昭和</span>三十八年（公元一九六三年）<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚一千二百年忌辰時，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>曾將其膠版影印出版，並附有<span class="zhuanming">堀池春峯</span>的説明。</span> </p><p> <span>這版本是不晚於<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">鎌倉</span>末期，卽十四世紀中葉以前的寫本，到<span class="zhuanming">德川</span>中葉就已殘缺，以後在<span class="zhuanming">寬保</span>元年（公元一七四一年，<span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="zhuanming">高宗</span><span class="zhuanming">乾隆</span>六年）十一月經過當時<span class="zhuanming">東寺</span><span class="zhuanming">勸學院</span>院主<span class="zhuanming">賢賀</span>僧正修補過（<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本也於同時由<span class="zhuanming">賢賀</span>修補過，都有跋記）。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本從版本學來看，祇是一種供參考用的版本而已。錯漏極多，雖經修補仍所不免。但有一點值得注意的，就是<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本的抄寫時間晚於<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本，可是和<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本有不少處所並不相同，不僅撰述者署名不同，有些經與他本校勘後證明<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本是錯誤的，在<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本中却不錯。在兩本對比以後可以知道，<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本並不是以<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>甲本作爲祖本抄寫的，這可能就是<span class="zhuanming">東寺</span><span class="zhuanming">觀智院</span>之所以要同時秘藏兩種版本《東征傳》原因之一。因此雖然這版本殘闕太多，無法根據，但在校勘時仍是可供參考的。</span> </p><p> <span>（2）高山寺本　<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本是《東征傳》傳本中，僅次於<span class="zhuanming">觀<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00018','1244420',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P18</span></i>智院</span>甲本的古鈔本，原藏於<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">京都</span>的<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>，以後歸<span class="zhuanming">古梓堂</span>，<span class="zhuanming">昭和</span>十一年（一九三六年）左右寄放在<span class="zhuanming">京都</span><span class="zhuanming">帝國大學</span>，後來又由<span class="zhuanming">久原</span>文庫收藏，現在屬於大東急文庫。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本大概是十四世紀中葉，卽<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>南北朝時代的抄寫本，原書不像<span class="zhuanming">觀智院</span>（甲）（乙）本都作卷裝，而是粘葉裝本；前後都蓋有<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>的印記。這版本雖説是僅次於<span class="zhuanming">觀智院</span>本的古本，但錯字和脱漏很多，而且這種錯誤和脱漏是極易發見的；因此嚴格的説來，<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本是稱不上善本的。不過因爲它是比較早期的鈔本，所以在校勘中還是具有一定參考作用的。後述刊本中的《大正大藏經》本，就是以此來加校勘的。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本也有<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>貴重圖書刊行會在<span class="zhuanming">昭和</span>十一年（公元一九三六年）影印出版，有<span class="zhuanming">藤堂祐範</span>的解説。</span> </p><p> <span>（3）金<span class="zhuanming">澤</span>文庫本　<span class="zhuanming">金澤</span>文庫本是一種<span class="zhuanming">鎌倉</span>時代抄寫的摺子本。據<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>稱，這版本雖文字端正，但有極大的脱漏，很不完全。</span> </p><p> <span>（4）高貴<span class="zhuanming">寺</span>本　<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本大概是一種在十六世紀中葉，卽日本室町時代末葉所傳抄的版本，珍藏在<span class="zhuanming">大阪府</span>的<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>内，錯漏很多。</span> </p><p> <span>（5）内閣文庫本　這種本祇在《國書總目録》中知道其存在，一般都没有見過。據稱是<span class="zhuanming">江户</span>中期的抄本，和上述<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本錯漏差不多均同，兩者可能出自一祖本。</span> </p><p> <span>（6）東大史料編纂所本　據《國書總目録》所載，這版本的卷末，有這樣的識跋：</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00019','1244420',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P19</span></i><p> <span>“右《唐大和尚東征傳》一卷，以<span class="zhuanming">拇尾</span><span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本寫之。　京師乙丑本</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">明治</span>十八年七月編修副長官<span class="zhuanming">重野安繹</span>關東六縣出張之時，託<span class="zhuanming">水户</span><span class="zhuanming">彰考館</span>文庫主管者<span class="zhuanming">津田信存</span>以其館存本謄寫者。”</span> </p><p> <span>由此可知係據<span class="zhuanming">水户</span><span class="zhuanming">彰考館</span>本的，但<span class="zhuanming">彰考館</span>本現已燒失。</span> </p><p> <span>（7）成簣<span class="zhuanming">堂</span>文庫本　據其識跋，知爲<span class="zhuanming">慈本</span>和尚校點者。<span class="zhuanming">慈</span>本，寬政七年（公元一七九五年）生於<span class="zhuanming">伊勢</span>，<span class="zhuanming">明治</span>二年（公元一八六九年）逝世於<span class="zhuanming">金光明院</span>。此本現藏<span class="zhuanming">御茶之水</span>圖書館。</span> </p><p> <span>（8）唐招提<span class="zhuanming">寺</span>本　<span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>本也有兩種，卽一般所稱謂<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>甲本和唐乙本的。</span> </p><p> <span>招提寺是鑑<span class="zhuanming">真</span>和尚所創立的本寺，一般想像當保存有比較完善的古本，但事實上並不如此。目下所能見到的兩種版本，都是<span class="zhuanming">德川</span>時代所傳抄的册子本，既非古本，亦非善本。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>甲本是<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">貞享</span>二年（公元一六八五年，<span class="zhuanming">清聖祖</span><span class="zhuanming">康熙</span>二十四年）由<span class="zhuanming">重慶</span>所抄寫，到<span class="zhuanming">貞享</span>四年（公元一六八七年）才成的，因此這版本的書尾有“<span class="zhuanming">貞享</span>四年丁卯年霜月寫之”字樣。過去這抄本可能是<span class="zhuanming">洛西</span><span class="zhuanming">法金剛院</span>的藏本，因其前面蓋有<span class="zhuanming">法金剛院</span>的印記。<span class="zhuanming">昭和</span>七年（公元一九三二年）當時担任<span class="zhuanming">唐招提寺</span><span class="zhuanming">法金剛院</span>住持的<span class="zhuanming">北川智海</span>長老曾以硃筆在該版本書尾加跋：</span> </p><p> <span>“<span class="zhuanming">海</span>云，此在《唐大和上東征傳》中，爲勝於<span class="zhuanming">東寺</span><span class="zhuanming">觀智院</span>本之良本，且爲<span class="zhuanming">惠晃</span>長老之手筆也。奉納於<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>之經藏爲參考書，禁散失者也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">昭和</span>七年壬申四月六日</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">法金剛院</span>住持佛子<span class="zhuanming">智海</span>（簽名）”</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00020','1244420',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P20</span></i><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">昭和</span>七年（一九三二年）　<span class="zhuanming">北川智海</span>排印出版的<span class="zhuanming">北川</span>再刊本，就是一種以<span class="zhuanming">北川</span>刊本和<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>甲本互校而刊印的版本。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>乙本比<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>甲本的書寫時期更晚，這版本的書尾跋語是“<span class="zhuanming">享保</span>六歲辛丑冬十二月恭寫此傳，雖有所不審，卒不暇校之。後之見者請正焉。<span class="zhuanming">唐招提寺</span><span class="zhuanming">泉幻忍欽</span>誌。”</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">享保</span>六年是<span class="zhuanming">清聖祖</span><span class="zhuanming">康熙</span>六十年，公元一七二一年。後述刊本中《大日本佛教全書》本就以此作爲校勘底本的。</span> </p><p> <span>（9）《羣書類從》本　《東征傳》收録在《羣書類從》第六十九卷傳部六裏面。其底本，根據書尾<span class="zhuanming">但陰</span><span class="zhuanming">興國禪寺</span><span class="zhuanming">百拙</span>和尚<span class="zhuanming">享保</span>六年（公元一七二一年，<span class="zhuanming">清聖祖</span><span class="zhuanming">康熙</span>六十年）六月十三日所寫跋語“題<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>大和上東征記後”中曾談到這一抄本的來源，説是據南都憲乘二條法印抄本傳抄而得的。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">百拙</span>和尚的跋語中説：“是本惜乎蠹殘，年淹傳傳參恭，何啻三寫耶。然而臘月火燒山，姑闕疑者，以俟後之廣覽博雅云。”由此可知，當他據以傳抄時，其底本已是有所残缺的了。當然這種版本比較遲晚，残缺是難免的。儘管這樣，從今天來説，《羣書類從》本在所有《東征傳》傳本中，還是比較完善的一種。其最大的優點，就是上述<span class="zhuanming">觀智院</span>甲本的缺點，卽凡有殘缺不明的闕漏處，都很明顯的留有同樣字數的□樣符號，而不似<span class="zhuanming">觀智院</span>本一遇殘脱，就直接跳過，不留痕跡，致使後人無從識别。</span> </p><p> <span>不過，《羣書類從》本也有一個缺點，就是除錯字而外，還雜有後人所竄改添增的。這可能是因爲這版本時間較晚，轉<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00021','1244420',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P21</span></i>輾傳抄的關係。儘管這樣，在所有《東征傳》的傳本中，《羣書類從》本是比較好和完整的一種版本。這裏就用它作爲底本，再用其他版本，主要是<span class="zhuanming">觀智院</span>（甲）本來加校勘。</span> </p><p> <span>《羣書類從》本除抄本以外，還有刊本，卽<span class="zhuanming">塙保已一</span>的原刊本和日本《經濟雜誌》本﹑新校《羣書類從》本等。</span> </p><p> <span>（10）安藤藏本　據<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>稱，這是和《羣書類從》本的祖本同屬百拙本這系統，但較《羣書類從》刊本要早四十年左右。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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2.刊本
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152612" key="1152612"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 作者及版本簡介 &gt; 三、傳本 &gt; 2.刊本 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152613" key="1152613"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00021','1244421',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P21</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000009">2.刊本</p><p> <span>（1）戒<span class="zhuanming">壇院</span>本　<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">桃園天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">寶曆</span>十二年，卽公元一七六二年，<span class="zhuanming">清高宗</span><span class="zhuanming">乾隆</span>二十七年，正當<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚千年忌的時候，<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>爲了紀念起見，特由<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span><span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>開版刊印《法務贈大僧正唐鑑真過海大師東征傳》一書。這個版本是《東征傳》的第一個印刷刊本，後來稱之爲<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>本的。這刊本由於其原刊本的書名上有“東征”兩字，觸犯了當時位居<span class="zhuanming">京都</span>東面<span class="zhuanming">江户</span>執政的<span class="zhuanming">德川</span>幕府的忌諱，所以在印就頒佈後不久就被禁止，以致流傳在外面的極少，據説現存者僅三本，因此是一種很珍貴的稀本。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>本，由於是第一個刊本，因此<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span><span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>在開版之前極爲慎重，曾多次加以校勘，對不能決定的文字都註在欄外，並不擅自改削，因此是一種比較可靠的版本。可惜的是當時祇做了第一步的工作，以致各本皆誤的地方，<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>本也一仍其舊；某些爲後人所添改的地方，也没有改正還原。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00022','1244421',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P22</span></i><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>本後面，有當時主持該書開版校勘工作的<span class="zhuanming">東大寺戒壇院</span>長官<span class="zhuanming">洞泉性善</span>長老的跋，其中談到校勘情況：</span> </p><p> <span>“争奈殘缺甚多，帝虎之謬不少，幸得明道大德與余同志參校諸本，十得八九；猶有殘闕者，竢後賢得善本而訂之。”</span> </p><p> <span>一直到今天，<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>刊本還是一種很重要的版本。本書的校勘中，也曾充分利用了它。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">東方學術協會</span>曾在<span class="zhuanming">昭和</span>二十一年（公元一九四六年）將<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>本（原刊本）影印出版，並附有<span class="zhuanming">神田喜一郎</span>的解説和簡單的考異。這種影印本印數少，流傳不多，到現在也成了稀珍的善本了。一九七七年<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">藏中進</span>教授曾利用其作爲底本，加以校勘影印出版。</span> </p><p> <span>（2）北川智<span class="zhuanming">海</span>刊本　<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">明治</span>三十年（公元一八九七年，清德宗光緒二十三年），當時担任<span class="zhuanming">唐招提寺</span><span class="zhuanming">牟尼藏院</span>住持的<span class="zhuanming">北川智海</span>方丈，曾根據上述<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>刊本而用鉛字排印出版。這刊本的後面，還附有<span class="zhuanming">北川智海</span>方丈從古書中摘集的有關<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚東渡到<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>後的簡單史料，約九百字左右，名爲《東征傳附録》。</span> </p><p> <span>（3）重野安<span class="zhuanming">繹</span>節本　<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">明治</span>三十四年（公元一九○一年，清德宗光緒二十七年），<span class="zhuanming">重野安繹</span>在其所編《左大臣吉備公傳纂釋》中，曾將《東征傳》作了一些删節，收録在上卷中。</span> </p><p> <span>（4）《大日本佛教全書》本　《東征傳》收録在該全書的《遊方傳叢書》第一中。此刊本是根據抄本中的<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>招提寺乙本﹑《羣書類從》本和刊本中的<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">北川智海</span>本<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00023','1244421',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P23</span></i>互相校勘而成的。上述各版本的序﹑跋﹑識語也都收録在後面的《唐大和上東征傳識語》中；此外在此刊本校注中，還附有<span class="zhuanming">高楠順次郎</span>所作的簡單考證。一般説來，這版本是比較完整的，但在斷句方面頗有些錯誤。</span> </p><p> <span>（5）《大日本大藏經》本　《東征傳》收録在其宗典部戒律宗章疏第二篇中。這種版本大體上是根據<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>刊本排印的。</span> </p><p> <span>（6）《大正大藏經》本　《東征傳》收録在本書第五十一卷史傳部三中，編號2089—〔7〕。是以《大日本佛教全書》本爲底本，再用高山寺加以校勘的鉛字排印本。</span> </p><p> <span>（7）揚州刊本　<span class="zhuanming">中</span>華民國十一年（公元一九二二年，<span class="zhuanming">日本大</span>正十一年），在揚<span class="zhuanming">州</span><span class="zhuanming">大明寺</span>舊址建立《古大明寺唐鑑真和尚遺址碑》的時候，曾刊行《東征傳》鉛字排印本以作紀念。這大概是<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>刊行的第一種版本，是以<span class="zhuanming">北川智海</span>本作爲底本排印的，後面附有<span class="zhuanming">常盤大定</span>所撰《古大明寺唐鑑真和尚遺址碑記》一文和<span class="zhuanming">汪詠沂</span>等識跋三篇，排印粗糙，校對工作做得很差，有不少極明顯的錯誤未經校出。</span> </p><p> <span>（8）北川智海再刊本　<span class="zhuanming">昭和</span>七年（公元一九三二年），<span class="zhuanming">日</span>本佛教界爲了紀念律宗獨立復興三十三週年，由當時担任<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>招提寺住持的北川<span class="zhuanming">智海</span>長老發起印行《東征傳》以作紀念，這種刊本是以上述<span class="zhuanming">北川</span>本爲底本，另以抄本中<span class="zhuanming">唐招提寺</span>甲本參校而排印的；一般和<span class="zhuanming">北川</span>本相同，所校出相異之處，都註在欄外。另附有北川智<span class="zhuanming">海</span>的重刊序和<span class="zhuanming">小田垣彦三郎</span>的跋。</span> </p><p> <span>（9）東方學術<span class="zhuanming">協會</span>本　<span class="zhuanming">昭和</span>二十一年（公元一九四六<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00024','1244421',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P24</span></i>年），<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">東方學術協會</span>曾將<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>刊本（原刊本）影印出版，書後並附有<span class="zhuanming">神田喜一郎</span>的解説和簡單考異。這種版本，因爲當時正值日本剛結束戰争，印數不多，流傳不廣。</span> </p><p> <span>（10）安藤更<span class="zhuanming">生</span>現代（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）語譯本　一九六三年<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和上圓寂一千二百年紀念時，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>方面出版《鑑真和上》（<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">龜井勝一郎</span>編），文集中第三部分爲<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>的現代語譯《東征傳》，有譯者序和簡單註釋。</span> </p><p> <span>（11）藏中校本　<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">藏中進</span>在其所著《唐大和上東征傳研究》後，附有《東征傳》校本，是用<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>本作底本，再以他本互校的；並利用東方<span class="zhuanming">學術協會</span>影印<span class="zhuanming">戒壇院</span>本分行影印。校得很精細，可是諸本皆誤的地方仍未改正。</span> </p><p> <span>此外還有一種<span class="zhuanming">日</span>僞時代（公元一九四三年）在<span class="zhuanming">南京</span>的“中日文化協會”的排印本，據<span class="zhuanming">北川智海</span>再刊本排印，十分粗陋。</span> </p><p> <span>我所見到﹑知道的版本大概如此。還有一些譯成他國文字的版本，像<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>的<span class="zhuanming">高楠順次郎</span>曾在一九二八—二九年<span class="zhuanming">河内</span>出版的<span class="zhuanming">遠東博古學院</span>院報<a class="zhuhao" href="#14" id="6">（2）</a>卷28—29中，介紹過《東征傳》；但是不是曾將《東征傳》全文譯成<span class="zhuanming">法</span>文，則不詳。一九七八年，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>還出版過《東征傳》<span class="zhuanming">英</span>譯本，是摘譯而不是全譯。</span> </p><p> <span>譯成<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>現代口語的，除上述<span class="zhuanming">安藤更生</span>譯本外，早在<span class="zhuanming">昭和</span>十七年（公元一九四二年），曾由<span class="zhuanming">中村詳一郎</span>譯出，<span class="zhuanming">大阪</span><span class="zhuanming">堀朋近</span>印刷後施送的《和譯唐大和上東征傳》，因爲是私家施送版，印數有限，因此很少流傳。此外還有一些，像<span class="zhuanming">石田瑞麿</span>的譯本和其他一些節譯本等。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00025','1244421',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P25</span></i><p> <span>上面所列的一些傳本，大體上可以分成三個系統：</span> </p><p> <span>觀智院本（甲本）</span> </p><p> <span>羣書類從本</span> </p><p> <span>戒壇院本</span> </p><p> <span>其他一些傳本，特别是抄本中的<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>乙本﹑<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本和<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本，都祇能作爲校勘時對照參考之用。</span> </p><p> <span>因爲《東征傳》各種原本都是輾轉傳抄相承而流傳下來的，所以各種版本之間相差很大，甚至同一系統各本之間也不完全相同。這些差異，有的雖然可用其他系統版本來加校訂糾正﹑還原；但也有些地方，却是所有版本都一樣，然在實際上却很可能，甚而很明顯是錯誤的，就無法通過互校來改正還原。所以對研究<span class="zhuanming">中</span><span class="zhuanming">日</span>兩國交通關係史的人説來，實在是迫切地需要有一個經過校勘比較可靠的《東征傳》版本，作爲研究的根據。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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七言傷大和上
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152616" key="1152616"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 唐大和上東征傳 &gt; 七言傷大和上 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152617" key="1152617"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00101','1244428',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P101</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000017"><b>七言傷大和上</b></p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">傳燈賢大法師大僧都沙門釋法進</span> </p><p> <span>大師慈育契園空，遠邁傳燈照海東。度物草籌盈石室，散流佛戒紹遺蹤。化畢分身歸淨國，〔娑〕婆誰復爲〔驅〕龍<a class="zhuhao" href="#844" id="843">（1）</a>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#843" id="844">（1）</a>娑婆誰復爲驅龍，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本原作“婆婆誰復爲驗籠”，<span class="zhuanming">戒</span>本作“娑婆誰復爲驗龍”。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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五言傷大和上
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1152620" key="1152620"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 唐大和上東征傳 &gt; 五言傷大和上 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1152621" key="1152621"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00101','1244429',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P101</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000018"><b>五言傷大和上</b></p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">圖書寮兼但馬守藤原朝臣〔刷〕雄<a class="zhuhao" href="#846" id="845">（1）</a></span> </p><p> <span>萬里傳燈照，風雲遠國香。禪光耀百億，戒月皎千鄉。哀哉歸淨土，悲矣赴泉場。寄語騰蘭跡，洪慈萬代光。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#845" id="846">（1）</a><span class="zhuanming">刷雄</span>，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">東大</span>史料所本原作“關雄”，<span class="zhuanming">高山寺</span>本<span class="zhuanming">高貴寺</span>本均作“剃雄”。據《續日本紀》應作<span class="zhuanming">刷雄</span>。今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p><p> <span>五言因使日本〔頂〕<a class="zhuhao" href="#848" id="847">（1）</a>謁鑑真和上，和上既滅度，不覲尊顔，嗟而述懷</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00102','1244429',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P102</span></i><p> <span>都虞侯冠軍大将軍試太常卿上柱國高鶴林上方傳佛教，名僧號<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>。懷藏通鄰國，真如轉付民。早嫌居五濁，寂滅離囂塵。禪院從今古，青松遶塔新。法留千載經，名記萬年春。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#847" id="848">（1）</a>頂，<span class="zhuanming">羣</span>本作“願”，今據<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>本校改。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
附録
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1058807" key="1058807"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1244413">唐大和上東征傳</a> &gt; 附録 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1058808" key="1058808"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00103','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P103</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK00406-001-BT0000020"><b>一﹑《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑眞傳》逸文</b></p><p> <span>〔《大唐傳戒師僧名記大和上鑑真傳》一稱《大和尚傳》，一般稱之爲《廣傳》，<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>撰。<span class="zhuanming">元開</span>所撰《唐大和上東征傳》，基本上是根據該傳而成的。很可惜現在該傳已不存，祇能從一些書籍或經書紙背見到其逸文。</span> </p><p> <span>《廣傳》佚文分别見於《七代記》﹑《傳述一心戒文》﹑《聖德太子傳曆》﹑《平氏傳雜勘文》﹑《上宫太子拾遺記》﹑《古今目録鈔》及《華嚴兩種生死義》紙背文書等。現在依據《唐大和上東征傳》順序，整理如下：〕</span> </p><p class="weizhi_zhanwei"></p><p> <span>釋<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>，<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">江陽縣</span>人也。俗姓<span class="zhuanming">淳于</span>氏，卽<span class="zhuanming">齊朝</span><span class="zhuanming">淳于髡</span>大夫後也。十六出家，十有八歲受菩薩戒。……奉請<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">薦福寺</span>大德<span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>律師爲教授阿闍棃，闍棃生緣<span class="zhuanming">光州</span>人也，傳通佛法，一國得名。□□四分律之初，弘福廩者，如風之靡草，且復神儀挺持，朗目威顔，恒戴帽子入朝，帝重親躬揖。初受戒時，夢見聖十大弟子來，爲受具足戒。<span class="zhuanming">大唐</span><span class="zhuanming">孝和</span>皇帝十緣之一數也。遂以<span class="zhuanming">景龍</span>二年三月二十八日晡時，於<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">實際寺</span>壇，方受具足<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00104','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P104</span></i>戒。<span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>律師初受戒了，講律百遍，是<span class="zhuanming">南山</span><span class="zhuanming">宣</span>律師重受戒弟子。一生不説人，非嘗自昇高座誦戒，六時行道，禮佛麁莊，四九香爐作兜率天業，迄於命終，未嘗廢闕。臨終七日，端坐頂𤌢。<span class="zhuanming">則天聖后</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">中宗</span><span class="zhuanming">孝和皇帝</span>師之，此實法門龍象，匡益當時；軌範緇徒，形儀清肅，於今有賴，寧不欽哉。謹録行事之蹤，用光揚於後代也。……<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和上乃於<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>受戒了，初卽禀承<span class="zhuanming">滿州融濟</span>律師，學<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>律師《行事鈔》及《羯磨疏》﹑《重輕儀》等。<span class="zhuanming">濟</span>律師者，是<span class="zhuanming">南山</span><span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>律師弟子也。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>大師受具之時，奉請十師等，亦是<span class="zhuanming">滿意</span>律師弟子也。所謂<span class="zhuanming">荆州</span><span class="zhuanming">玉泉寺</span><span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">總持寺</span><span class="zhuanming">儀</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">薦福寺</span><span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">荆州</span><span class="zhuanming">揚溪寺</span><span class="zhuanming">俊</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">崇福寺</span>大德<span class="zhuanming">禮</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">崇聖寺</span><span class="zhuanming">綱</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">崇福寺</span><span class="zhuanming">聞惠</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">崇福寺</span><span class="zhuanming">思惠</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">荷恩寺</span><span class="zhuanming">法藏</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">荷恩寺</span><span class="zhuanming">丹</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">薦福寺</span><span class="zhuanming">恆</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">薦福寺</span><span class="zhuanming">志</span>律師，彼列此十二人大德已。總嘆云，己上諸德，各研精律藏，兼達大乘，皆是首律師<span class="zhuanming">滿意</span>律師弟子也。……然通言二人弟子，未知誰人的是，但見列次中<span class="zhuanming">弘景</span>律師，是<span class="zhuanming">南山</span>大師弟子；<span class="zhuanming">儀</span>律師，卽<span class="zhuanming">滿意</span>律師傳法輩之隨一矣；<span class="zhuanming">道岸</span>律師，宗承<span class="zhuanming">文綱</span>律師；<span class="zhuanming">禮</span>律師，是學首律師疏，講説弟子也；<span class="zhuanming">綱</span>律師學相部疏，此則非文綱之綱，是别人耳，行狀既别，俗年亦異</span> <span class="font12 zhu">此九十二，彼九十九；</span> <span><span class="zhuanming">志</span>律師，講五分律。自餘諸人，雖不的指，亦可多是<span class="zhuanming">意</span>師弟子。又<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">禪定寺</span><span class="zhuanming">義威</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西明寺</span><span class="zhuanming">遠智</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">東京</span><span class="zhuanming">授記寺新羅</span><span class="zhuanming">金修</span>律師及<span class="zhuanming">惠策</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">觀音寺</span><span class="zhuanming">大亮</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">越州</span><span class="zhuanming">察</span>律師﹑<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span><span class="zhuanming">照隱</span>律師，此等大德並<span class="zhuanming">滿意</span>律師門人也。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00105','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P105</span></i><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>元載，歲次辛巳。各至年十月，有<span class="zhuanming">西京</span><span class="zhuanming">安國寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">道杭</span>﹑僧<span class="zhuanming">澄觀</span>，<span class="zhuanming">東京</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">德清</span>受<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>等請，向海東傳授戒法。兼<span class="zhuanming">高麗國</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">如海</span>及<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span><span class="zhuanming">玄朗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">玄海</span>，備弁供具，下至<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>；及執宰相<span class="zhuanming">李琳甫</span>兄<span class="zhuanming">琳宗</span>書，今於<span class="zhuanming">揚州</span>倉曾<span class="zhuanming">李</span>複<span class="zhuanming">湊</span>檢校造船還國。船車難造，傳戒人無。<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>乃向<span class="zhuanming">大明寺</span>頂禮和上足下，具論心事。本國昔<span class="zhuanming">上宫太子</span>云，二百年後，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>律義大興。然皇太子以玄聖之德，生<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>，苞貫三統，篡先聖之宏猷；恭敬三寶，救黎元之厄，實是聖人也。又舍人<span class="zhuanming">王子</span>廣學内典，兼遊覽經史，敬信佛法，慈愛人氏，每悕求傳戒師僧來至此土。和上便云：遠承昔有<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">長屋王子</span>，敬信心重，造一千領袈裟，附向本<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>，供養衆僧；其袈裟緣上繡四句：山川異域，風月同天，寄諸佛子，共結來緣。又<span class="zhuanming">天台</span><span class="zhuanming">智者</span>云，三百年後，我所遺文墨感傳於世；大師無常，洎二百年。而今<span class="zhuanming">大唐</span>國家道俗總大興隆，聖人言語，未曾相違。其<span class="zhuanming">智者</span>禪師是<span class="zhuanming">南岳</span><span class="zhuanming">思</span>禪師菩薩戒弟子也。<span class="zhuanming">惠思</span>禪師乃降生<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">聖德</span>太子也。……<span class="zhuanming">智者唐國</span>分身，<span class="zhuanming">思禪</span>海東化物。其<span class="zhuanming">榮叡</span>從<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>二十年來至<span class="zhuanming">唐國</span>，初至<span class="zhuanming">東京</span><span class="zhuanming">大福先寺</span>，見僧<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>，便請具論心事。其僧<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>當卽受請，先向<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>相待。<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>暫至二京諸寺看風俗卽請大德來。至二十八年，便卽營構；從二十九年下，備州弁事，今至於此。和上乃命門人講授戒律，人師法主者，命赴<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>心同向<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>，萬代傳燈，諸人咸然，一無對言。良久，乃有僧<span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>言：彼國太遠，性命難存；滄波淼漫，萬無一至。人身難得，<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>難生；進修未備，道果未尅，是故諸人並默無對者。和上乃自許僧<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">照</span>等<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00106','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P106</span></i>之<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>。當時乃有<span class="zhuanming">祥彦</span>更云，和上若去，<span class="zhuanming">彦</span>亦隨去。復有僧<span class="zhuanming">道興</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道杭</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">神頂</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">崇忍</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">靈際</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">明烈</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道默</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道因</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法藏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">志静</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道翼</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">出巖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">如海</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">證觀</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">德清</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">思託</span>等二十人，同心陪從大和上往<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>。……</span> </p><p> <span>彼<span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>塔，乃是<span class="zhuanming">晉朝</span><span class="zhuanming">并州</span><span class="zhuanming">劉薩訶</span>尋此塔也。<span class="zhuanming">薩訶</span>本是獵師，常騎赤馬﹑青馬，青揭蒼鷹捕諸禽獸。忽於一時病死，見<span class="zhuanming">閻羅王</span>司命録籍，將其罪福，乃見殺鹿子俱來索命。<span class="zhuanming">薩訶</span>乃云，私不殺。鹿云，在青山下殺秘；于時將青揭放蒼鷹，騎赤馬殺我等。當時卽有業鏡並現，青揭﹑赤馬﹑青鷹﹑青揭俱來證，受不得云。大王引入地獄，但命未盡，欲放還<span class="zhuanming">南閻浮提</span>。前件生命告不殺，大王乃云：汝若能出家行道，於<span class="zhuanming">越州</span>東有<span class="zhuanming">鄮縣</span><span class="zhuanming">鄮山</span>，中有<span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>塔，在彼汝可往尋之，便於彼所修道者，乃放生汝還<span class="zhuanming">南閻浮提</span>。<span class="zhuanming">薩訶</span>乃言，<span class="zhuanming">閻羅王</span>乃放，諸生乃言，放生須命報，何得直被還鄉。王云令有出家行進，生命等乃放之。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">勝寶</span>六載甲午二月一日，至<span class="zhuanming">難波驛</span>國師鄉，僧<span class="zhuanming">崇道</span>及大僧正<span class="zhuanming">行基</span>弟子<span class="zhuanming">法義</span>等，設供共叙寒暄。三日至<span class="zhuanming">河内國</span>守<span class="zhuanming">藤原魚名廳</span>，大納言<span class="zhuanming">仲丸</span>故遣<span class="zhuanming">賀簡光順</span>慰勞衆僧；復有律師<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>令弟子二僧來問許，兼令二近事來躬承。同日復有布衣高行僧<span class="zhuanming">志忠</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">賢璟</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">曉貴</span>等卅餘人行道讚歎。明發，取<span class="zhuanming">大和國</span><span class="zhuanming">平凉驛</span>宿。在道，勅使催令入京，至<span class="zhuanming">平涼驛</span>略歇息，少時入京。勅使遣<span class="zhuanming">安宿王</span>正四品於<span class="zhuanming">南閭門</span>慰勞衆僧；勅令請住於<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>安置。有京城僧徒及官僚文者等於<span class="zhuanming">南閭門</span>，相迎同送引，和<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span><span class="zhuanming">良辨</span>僧都引至大佛前禮拜。<span class="zhuanming">良辨</span>云，此是大帝<span class="zhuanming">太上天皇</span>引天下人共結良<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00107','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P107</span></i>緣，鑄此金銅像，坐高笏尺五十尺。又問<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>中頗有如此大像？遣<span class="zhuanming">延慶</span>譯語云，無。更禮拜供養，讚歎。行道竟，相引至客堂住。勅使安慰。明旦，卽有<span class="zhuanming">大唐</span>律師<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>來相問訊；後有<span class="zhuanming">婆羅門</span>僧正<span class="zhuanming">菩提</span>亦來參問。云某甲在<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">崇福</span>寺住，經三日，闍棃在彼講律，闍棃識否？和上云憶得也。復有内道場僧五十人令來相看。<span class="zhuanming">良辨</span>僧都云，一時禮拜。光禄大夫﹑右僕射<span class="zhuanming">藤原豐成</span>來相參。復有光禄大夫﹑大納言<span class="zhuanming">藤原仲麿</span>來相參，金紫光禄大夫﹑式部卿<span class="zhuanming">藤原</span><span class="zhuanming">永手</span>參禮。〔又移入〕官倉院。三月勅使<span class="zhuanming">朝〔臣〕真備</span>參<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>，安慰衆僧：大德遠涉滄波，來至此國；朕先造<span class="zhuanming">東大寺</span>，經十餘年，於大佛西欲立戒壇。自有此心，日夜不忘。今諸大德遠來，冥契朕心，乃是朕之有感。自今已後授戒傳律，一任大德。又勅令<span class="zhuanming">良辨</span>，問和上在<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>相共臨壇僧名，此間有幾律師。和上仍令僧<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>付口録出：<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>中常共化法僧，卽<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">星静</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">思祐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">義静</span>等。後經半月，勅使<span class="zhuanming">良辨</span>僧都及檢〔<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>朝〕大德位名：和〔上位〕勅特贈，卽大和上；<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>﹑學生<span class="zhuanming">普照</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">延慶</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">星静</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法顆</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">思祐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">義静</span>。又令〔<span class="zhuanming">佐〕伯今毛人</span>出贈位絹廿匹﹑絁廿匹﹑大布卌端﹑細布一百屯用施和上，餘僧各減半，從<span class="zhuanming">仁幹</span>已下與半位，物又減半。和上衆僧並合掌，頻勞主上憂。當客人時有<span class="zhuanming">大安寺</span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>律師<span class="zhuanming">道璿</span>問得來由，乃作讚詞，慶賀大和上。其年四月初，勅於<span class="zhuanming">盧舍那佛</span>前立壇，爲沙彌<span class="zhuanming">證修</span>等四百卅餘人受戒。後有内道場興行僧<span class="zhuanming">神榮</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">行潛</span>等五十五人，重受大小乘戒。至<span class="zhuanming">勝寶</span>七歲，於<span class="zhuanming">盧舍那佛</span>前爲沙彌受戒，後有實行僧<span class="zhuanming">〔志〕忠</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">靈福</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">賢璟</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">善頂</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">道緣</span>等八十餘人遠起卧具，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00108','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P108</span></i>進隆和光之族類者，來云受具足戒。</span> </p><p class="weizhi_zhanwei"></p><p> <span>〔除了上述和《唐大和上東征傳》有相應的段落的逸文以外，還有一些逸文和《東征傳》有關，但並没有相應部份的。這些大概都是律宗祖師的傳略，現在也把這些逸文附記在下面：〕</span> </p><p class="weizhi_zhanwei"></p><p> <span>其<span class="zhuanming">慧思</span>禪師於一目中，〔處分岳〕寺三綱，可掃路開堂敷座迎接，今日有大菩薩〔將來〕。諸人出迎，只云不見菩薩，只見一年少〔沙〕彌。〔彼衆〕却還報和上，無有菩薩，但見一少沙彌。於時禪師〔告云，此是〕菩薩，衆並迎屈入寺。禪師把手言，好在以不，<span class="zhuanming">靈山</span>一别，迄至於今。經停，明日卽令上座講《法花經》，<span class="zhuanming">智顗</span>冥然，不知所趣。<span class="zhuanming">思</span>禪師乃云，昔佛在世，與弟子<span class="zhuanming">靈山</span>聽，可不憶耶？<span class="zhuanming">智顗</span>便乃朗然大悟，當卽宣吐弁，若懸河寫浪。此卽頓悟一乘之妙法也。<span class="zhuanming">智顗</span>猶被<span class="zhuanming">思</span>禪師作其憶念，玄憶一乘。故知<span class="zhuanming">思</span>禪師本來誦持法花，味深禪定，悟《法花》三昧。又<span class="zhuanming">天台</span><span class="zhuanming">智者</span>大師，<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>帝和上，卅餘年唯著一衲，度僧萬餘，造八十三寺，書十九藏經，讀十五遍，造諸經論〔疏〕合七百卷。《法花》玄文及疏各十卷﹑《大止觀》十卷﹑《四教》十二卷﹑《小止觀》一卷﹑《禪門》十卷。故知二聖覿顔，遞相顯發，廣興佛事，利益四生。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">南岳</span><span class="zhuanming">衡山</span>者，屬<span class="zhuanming">衡州</span>，其<span class="zhuanming">衡山</span>五岳之一數也。其山有五峯，一<span class="zhuanming">般若峯</span>，二<span class="zhuanming">住括峯</span>，三<span class="zhuanming">慧日峯</span>，四<span class="zhuanming">囑融峯</span>，五<span class="zhuanming">紫蓋峯</span>。一峯各<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00109','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P109</span></i>有禪房静室，有<span class="zhuanming">思</span>禪師六生於此山修道，一生各立一塔并盤，一石。其三石存般若台佛殿前，三塔在般若〔台南〕二百步。山中靈仙異菓消利，經於千歲，時有得聖果者，其梨乃生子。<span class="zhuanming">思</span>禪師親喫此梨，其梨甘美，世間無疋，大如鉢許。自爾已還，更未生子。其<span class="zhuanming">思</span>禪師臨將無常時，於般若台北石室中，舉《法花經》﹑鉢﹑盂﹑錫杖語弟子云：吾滅度後，向無佛處受身，〔教〕化衆生。至今便岳寺，見有素影立堂，上足弟子二人同時素影。其弟子並是聖人：其二弟子，一名<span class="zhuanming">智顗</span>，在<span class="zhuanming">天台山</span>及<span class="zhuanming">京州</span><span class="zhuanming">〔玉〕泉</span>二寺，來去住持。一名<span class="zhuanming">智勇</span>，在<span class="zhuanming">南岳</span><span class="zhuanming">衡山</span>修道也。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">法勵</span>律師是<span class="zhuanming">趙</span>人也，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">李</span>氏，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">鄴下</span><span class="zhuanming">光宅寺</span>僧。祖因官，遂家於<span class="zhuanming">相</span>焉。生而旦靈，骨目特異，雙臂修直，平立垂膝。具四十齒，迄於終老，中無齓毁，竪白逾常，年登學位，便欣大法，卽<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>法師之門人也。風素翔郁，威容郁雅，言義博達，欣尚玄奥。初受具，已從<span class="zhuanming">静洪</span>律師及<span class="zhuanming">恒州</span><span class="zhuanming">淵</span>律師所，諮考四分，窮討根原。漸至江南，遊覽十誦，乃至五部遍遊，並窮奥旨。造《四分疏》十卷﹑《羯磨疏》三卷﹑捨懺儀﹑輕重叙等，各施卷部，見重於時。時有<span class="zhuanming">惠休</span>法師，道聲遠被，見重世猷，鑽擊神理，文義相接，故得光采相照，律觀高邈，亦休有功焉。<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>以<span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>九年十月終於故<span class="zhuanming">鄴</span><span class="zhuanming">光宅寺</span>，春秋六十有七。</span> </p><p> <span>上代疏家</span> <span class="font12 zhu">四分律疏家也</span> <span>總有二十人作文書，就中只三家疏好：<span class="zhuanming">雲</span>律師疏﹑<span class="zhuanming">暉</span>律師疏﹑<span class="zhuanming">曇富</span>律師<span class="zhuanming">願</span>律師疏及次新疏<span class="zhuanming">素</span>律師等，義繁疎，取文多錯。就三好中，<span class="zhuanming">光統</span>律師疏太略，諸家並取爲義節耳，但四卷釋一部文；首律師疏太廣，廿卷釋一部律文。<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00110','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P110</span></i>義雲山積，學者但可望岸，尋途者未通鑽仰；唯今<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>律師所作文疏十卷釋一部律文，句句連珠，行行貫玉，理義苞富，異於今古廣略二過之文。爲伏經論師之自高，故九旬所制便畢。亘法界而興崇，紹續傳燈，罕過此也。作成之後，請經論師來讀，無有得句者。故<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>律師云，<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>疏甚難，學士守句而待銷，聽聽者披章而絶思。又彼疏中云，述詮相所不盡，申文意之屈滯，匪唯恢廓學者之心，亦乃拂遣封文局促之見。<span class="zhuanming">義净</span>三藏云，五年之間，精求律典，<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>律師之文疏，頗識幽深。故時人云，法師之中不解竹道，生疏者未名學士律。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">統略</span>枝葉，登卽<span class="zhuanming">披</span>演，隣幾<span class="zhuanming">獨</span>絶，詞旨精詣，尤<span class="zhuanming">稱</span>今古。制四分疏十卷，<span class="zhuanming">河北</span><span class="zhuanming">山東</span>一人而已。義理言邈，文言切害，曲高和寘，入希蓋希。兹時四分一本，行自<span class="zhuanming">魏都</span>，未宣關輔。……（注云）作者非無標名顯别等者，初作此鈔，未題<span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>之名。諸有見者，傳寫極多，人傳於本。至<span class="zhuanming">相州</span><span class="zhuanming">勵</span>律師者，一方義匠，氣逸當時，撰集章疏，名流天下。後見此鈔，因寫可本，用以恒看，極理然許，但不究其所由，謂言此鈔是<span class="zhuanming">首</span>律師之所作也。後<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>至<span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>四年，遂出關表，聽學求異，行至<span class="zhuanming">蒲州</span>，承<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>公講律，遂往<span class="zhuanming">山東</span>，諮問疑滯囑。<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>年老，不更講説，遂在古廢色堂，閑堂宴坐。……其大疏新了，住此色堂，在房空坐，童子小兒，並行不在。<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>審知<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>在，遂卽扣房；時<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>年老，策杖申履在房間曰，是誰從何方來？答曰，遠從京中來，近從<span class="zhuanming">蒲州</span>至。<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>聞此語，警評神異，知是奇人，自出開房，相同進户。律師待<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>坐訖，方始致禮，問訊寒温。<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>因問曰：余承京中有異，他小僧名曰<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00111','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P111</span></i><span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>，極理聰敏，亦曾識不？<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>答言識，小僧正是。遂更歛止，嘆詠無量。卽問上人是<span class="zhuanming">首</span>律師門人，<span class="zhuanming">首</span>公近作鈔三卷，大是要當，亦曾見不？答云，大師不作其鈔，但有疏二十卷耳。<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>遂將出呈<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>云是<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>撰耳。便卽謙遜云，其不揆卑薄，輙兹撰抄如何，小僧濫叨先德，遂卽相謝。又問何不題名，以用顯别。作此言已，因乃著<span class="zhuanming">京兆</span>等語，以用簡别。於時<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>歎，此鈔大好文。<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>云，非唯好文，兼有好義。其<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>大疏新成，乃將出現<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>卽披尋量久，未語好惡。<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>語云，此中還有好文。<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>答云，雖能科文，未見有義。因共大咲，據此以明其標名顯别之字。云是<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>律師爲題，或云自題。深云，<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>爲題也。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">成</span>律師是<span class="zhuanming">法勵</span>律師親事弟子。……<span class="zhuanming">成</span>和上，親承<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>律師，故疏懸文，<span class="zhuanming">成</span>和上盡録。出成十卷，可二百紙。並指疏中懸文無别作義，最初弘通<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>律師疏，唯此一人也。……</span> </p><p> <span>爰有<span class="zhuanming">定賓</span>律師，三藏洞閑，操諸疏家，唯法<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>疏，雅合宫商狀，然文義其難。隨文作《餝宗義記》九卷。良以第二已去，附文銷釋，開濟當時，務以先出；後便於藏中，手探經論，乃探得《法花》，卽作疏，兼講三遍。又作《如來藏經疏》﹑《維摩經疏》﹑《楞伽經疏》﹑《湼槃疏》﹑《起信論疏》﹑《瑜伽論註》﹑《唯識疏》﹑《因明》等疏，各講三遍。却來作《餝宗義記第一》，雖開五門，一讒至半，便卽無常。佛法東流，經論學者，無能過之。時人稱爲<span class="zhuanming">法</span>律師也。昔<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>律師弟子<span class="zhuanming">成</span>律師，作疏義記，釋疏甚安，<span class="zhuanming">懷素</span>知之，求覓不得。然<span class="zhuanming">成</span>有二弟子，一<span class="zhuanming">滿意</span>，二<span class="zhuanming">懷素</span>，而觀此二人，<span class="zhuanming">滿意</span>推人讓德。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK00406-001-L00112','1244431',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P112</span></i><p> <span>將問<span class="zhuanming">勵</span>疏學者，因於後世，儻遇智人反徵，更何能對。是故今<span class="zhuanming">福先</span><span class="zhuanming">賓</span>律師作《餝宗義記》，大破<span class="zhuanming">素</span>疏。故破迷記敕十餘大義，雙書二家義出，卽取經文證。<span class="zhuanming">成</span>乃知<span class="zhuanming">素</span>取經文錯也，樂廣知者，可檢破迷記，乃觀音義記也。而<span class="zhuanming">滿意</span>三度出學士，都成有廿七人，講説相承，弘通四遠。然《餝宗》都有十卷，盛傳於世只唯九卷。爰有<span class="zhuanming">鑑真</span>和尚弟子<span class="zhuanming">靈祐</span>律師，心融三藏，名流天下，論辯難當，於講解之次，諸有學者，請出斯文，續前所無，製補亡《餝宗義記》一卷，添前九卷，足成十軸也。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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