紹興朝旨改正僧道班列文字一集
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137908" key="1137908"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 紹興朝旨改正僧道班列文字一集 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137909" key="1137909"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00234','1726581',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P234</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000159"><b>紹興朝旨改正僧道班列文字一集</b></p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">法道</span>等伏覩<span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>載僧道班次：每當朝集，僧先道後；並立殿庭，僧東道西；凡遇郊天，道左僧右。久爲定制，蓋出本朝祖宗成憲，以爲萬世不刊之規。昨緣<span class="zhuanming">崇</span><span class="zhuanming">觀</span>之後，道士叨視資品，如<span class="zhuanming">王資息</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">林靈素</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">王沖道</span>輩，視兩府者甚衆，因此起請，例押僧班，乘勢毁壞祖宗所定福基，事體非一。據<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>教所載，近年災變，至於社稷中微，生靈塗炭，蓋亦因此。誤國罔上，莫兹爲甚。伏見昭<span class="zhuanming">靖康</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">建炎</span>以來，所有道士視官已行追毁，既無官蔭，其於班列，自合遵依祖宗舊制。今來天下道士，每遇國忌行香，洎凡入寺院﹑看謁聚會，不悛故態，傲然争風，一切占上，全乖賓主禮法，頗有害於風教，深爲未便。伏望朝廷明降指揮，特賜改正，應今後行香立班﹑諸處聚會，並乞遵依祖宗成法，仍乞頒行天下，以正風俗，庶得稍循禮法，不害風教。</span> </p><p> <span>右謹具呈，伏取鈞旨。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">二月日　<span class="zhuanming">江州</span><span class="zhuanming">廬山</span><span class="zhuanming">東林</span><span class="zhuanming">太平興龍禪寺</span>住持傳西天法特賜<span class="zhuanming">寶覺圓通法濟大師</span><span class="zhuanming">法道</span>剳子</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">臨安府</span>僧正<span class="zhuanming">慧通無礙大師</span><span class="zhuanming">梵安</span>等</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00235','1726581',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P235</span></i> <span>右</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">梵安</span></span> <span>等，伏爲先與<span class="zhuanming">廬山</span><span class="zhuanming">東林</span><span class="zhuanming">太平興龍禪寺</span>住持<span class="zhuanming">寶覺圓通法濟大師</span><span class="zhuanming">法道</span>同呈劄子，乞依祖宗法，改正國忌行香僧道班次。累蒙省部并太常寺取會，照使文字供報前去，具申朝廷，並已圓備，至今未蒙頒行改正等。伏見<span class="shuming">三朝訓鑒</span>，車駕祈求，先入僧寺。及<span class="zhuanming">紹興</span>敕條，已作僧道呼。仰詳前項，國朝訓敕正與<span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>同。然今道士冒占日久，習已成風，全不遵依祖宗成憲。竊見<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>教藏經所載，近年災變，毫髮不差，蓋緣道士乘勢起請，蠹壞祖宗所定福基，殘害佛法，事體非一，致得天垂災變，禍亂縱横。誤國至此，猶未悛革。謹具狀披告參政相公，參政相公﹑僕射相公，伏乞鈞慈，特賜敷奏，早行改正，庶得誡諭道徒，遵依舊制，仰迴天意，俯順民心，爲國攘災，又安天下。未敢專擅，伏候鈞旨。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">紹興</span>三年九月日</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu"><span class="zhuanming">臨安府</span>僧正<span class="zhuanming">慧通無礙大師</span><span class="zhuanming">梵安</span>等</span> <span class="font12 zhu">狀</span> </p><p> <span>行在尚書祠部，准都省批送<span class="zhuanming">臨安府</span>僧正<span class="zhuanming">慧通無礙大師</span></span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">梵安</span></span> <span>等狀，爲整會國忌行香僧道立班等事，後送禮部勘當，申尚書省撿會。先承批送下<span class="zhuanming">江州</span><span class="zhuanming">廬山</span><span class="zhuanming">東林</span><span class="zhuanming">太平興龍禪寺</span>住持傳西天法特賜<span class="zhuanming">寶覺圓通法濟大師</span><span class="zhuanming">法道</span>等劄子，勘會上件事理。後批送禮部勘當，申尚書省。本部尋撿會下項條并所到太常寺狀，稱今看詳<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>内，稱每當朝集，僧先道後。並立殿庭，僧東道西，間雜副職。并<span class="shuming">太常寺因革禮</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宣德門</span>肆赦故事，道左僧右，其前件事，各有文據該載，並合遵依。所有僧道，每遇國忌行香，尋撿照<span class="shuming">嘉祐編敕</span>并<span class="shuming">紹興新書</span>條<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00236','1726581',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P236</span></i>内，並載僧道寺觀，立文爲次。今來僧<span class="zhuanming">法道</span>理會行香立位，本寺今勘當，欲比附<span class="zhuanming">嘉祐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">紹興</span>條法，以僧在左，更合取自朝廷指揮。申部本部今參照<span class="shuming">嘉祐編敕</span>，並載僧道，其<span class="shuming">政和海行</span>，唯稱道僧，及有道士序位在僧之上正條，緣今來<span class="shuming">紹興新書</span>内，却依舊法，以僧道立，文并删去，道士序位在僧之上，正條不行。本部今勘當，欲依。太常寺勘當到事理施行，更合取自朝廷指揮。已於今年四月四日，繳連元狀并<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>一册，具申都省，未蒙指揮。今又承批下僧<span class="zhuanming">梵安</span>等狀，整會上件事，具申都省。去後蒙朝旨批下，十一月十四日送禮部，依條施行，須至符下。<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>：今<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span>每當朝集，僧先道後；並立殿庭，僧東道西，間雜副職；若遇郊天，道左僧右，未知始起也。<span class="shuming">太常因革禮</span>：<span class="zhuanming">乾德</span>六年，<span class="zhuanming">宣德門</span>肆赦故事，道左僧右。<span class="shuming">嘉祐編敕</span>條内，並該載僧道寺觀，立文爲次。<span class="shuming">政和海行</span>條内，並該載道僧觀寺，立文爲次，并有正條，諸道士序位在僧之上，女冠在尼之上等。<span class="shuming">紹興海行</span>條内，並該載僧道寺觀立文爲次，其道士序位在僧之上等，前條已删去不行。</span> </p><p> <span>右差親事官<span class="zhuanming">鄭彦</span>告示<span class="zhuanming">梵安</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法道</span>等逐僧知委，已奉朝旨批降，依條改正，以僧在左，并符太常寺﹑<span class="zhuanming">臨安府</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">江州</span>去訖，仍具知委，文狀連申，不得住滯。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">紹興</span>三年十一月二十一日下</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">法道</span>伏爲先與<span class="zhuanming">臨安府</span>僧正<span class="zhuanming">梵安</span>等同呈劄子理會，乞依祖宗法，改正國忌行香僧道班<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00237','1726581',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P237</span></i>位事，伏蒙尚書祠部告示，已奉朝旨批降，依條改正，以僧在左，告示施行，并已符太常寺﹑<span class="zhuanming">江州</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">臨安府</span>去訖。<span class="zhuanming">法道</span>伏見省部撿坐定前後敕條，及已删去<span class="zhuanming">政和</span>法内，道士序位在僧之上﹑女冠在尼之上等，前條不行。内一項，<span class="shuming">太常因革禮</span>：<span class="zhuanming">乾德</span>六年，<span class="zhuanming">宣德門</span>肆赦故事，係道左僧右，<span class="zhuanming">法道</span>仰詳上件太常禮法，并前後敕條參照得正，與<span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>同。每當朝集，僧先道後。並立殿庭，僧東道西。若遇郊天，道左僧右。蓋是自來遇郊祀禮畢，車駕自郊迴，即御<span class="zhuanming">宣德門</span>，肆赦班位係是一事。餘時立班，並是僧左。<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>内，意已包括。伏乞行下太常寺照會，外所有諸處州縣，欲乞符送逐路轉運司，遍行天下，應于國忌行香去處，貴得文軌遍同，事成言順。天下僧道，安分修行，永福中興恢復之祚。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">癸丑十一月二十四日呈訖，當月二十八日遍行天下。</span> </p><p> <span>行在尚書祠部。<span class="zhuanming">紹興</span>十三年冬，因<span class="zhuanming">景靈宫</span>立班，爾行告示省符。<span class="zhuanming">臨安府</span>管内掌文籍道士<span class="zhuanming">劉若謙</span>等，<span class="zhuanming">紹興</span>十三年十月初五日，尚書省陳狀，乞道士序位在僧之上。當月十二日，詣<span class="zhuanming">景靈宫</span>，奉安祖宗神御，道士自擅争占序班在東，詐稱别得朝廷指揮矣。其時前都正<span class="zhuanming">普澄</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">真浄</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧濟大師</span><span class="zhuanming">善達</span>﹑僧正<span class="zhuanming">戒月</span>等，遂具陳列。當月二十一日，朝旨批降，依先定祖宗舊法<span class="shuming">嘉祐編敕</span>﹑<span class="shuming">紹興新書</span>，以僧在左。行下，准在尚書祠部。准都省批送下本部狀，准都省批送下<span class="zhuanming">臨安府</span>都道正<span class="zhuanming">劉若謙</span>等狀，爲理會今來肆赦僧道立班序位事。後批十月十<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00238','1726581',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P238</span></i>五日送禮部，限五日看詳，申尚書省本部，尋行下太常寺，看詳去後。今據本寺申撿，准<span class="zhuanming">紹興</span>三年十一月十四日都省批狀指揮，承都省批送下禮部，伏准都省批送下<span class="zhuanming">臨安府</span>僧正<span class="zhuanming">惠通</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">無礙大師</span><span class="zhuanming">梵安</span>等狀，爲整會國忌行香僧道立班等事。後批送禮部勘當，申尚書省撿會。先准都省批送下<span class="zhuanming">江州</span><span class="zhuanming">廬山</span><span class="zhuanming">東林</span><span class="zhuanming">太平興龍禪寺</span>住持傳西天法特賜<span class="zhuanming">寶覺圓通法濟大師</span><span class="zhuanming">法道</span>等劄子，整會上件事理，後批送禮部勘當。申尚書省本部尋撿會下項：<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>：今<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span>每當朝集，僧先道後；並立殿庭，僧東道西，間雜副職；如過郊天，道左僧右，未知始起也。<span class="shuming">太常因革禮</span>：<span class="zhuanming">乾德</span>元年，<span class="zhuanming">宣德門</span>肆赦故事，道左僧右。<span class="shuming">嘉祐編敕</span>條内，並該載僧道寺觀，立文爲次。<span class="shuming">政和海行</span>條内，並該載道僧觀寺，立文爲次，并有正條，諸道士序位在僧之上，女冠子在尼之上。<span class="shuming">紹興海行</span>條内，並該載僧道寺觀，立文爲次。其道士序在僧之上﹑女冠子在尼之上，勘會前條，已删去不行。并取到太常寺狀，稱今看詳<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>内，稱每當朝集，僧先道後；並立殿庭，僧東道西，間雜副職。并<span class="shuming">太常因革禮</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宣德門</span>肆赦故事，道左僧右。其前件事，各有文據該載，並合遵依。外所有僧道，每遇國忌行香，尋撿准<span class="shuming">嘉祐編敕</span>并<span class="shuming">紹興新書</span>條内，並該載僧道寺觀，立文爲次。今來<span class="zhuanming">法道</span>理會行香立班，本寺今勘當，欲比附<span class="shuming">嘉祐編敕</span>﹑<span class="shuming">紹興條</span>内，以僧在左，更合取自朝廷指揮。申部今參照<span class="shuming">嘉祐編敕</span>並載僧道，其<span class="shuming">政和海行</span>即稱道僧，及有道士序位在僧之上正條，緣今來<span class="shuming">紹興新書</span>内却依舊<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00239','1726581',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P239</span></i>法，以僧道立，文并删去道士序位在僧之上，正條不行。本部令勘當，欲依太常寺勘當到事理施行，更合取自朝廷指揮。已於今年四月初四日，繳連先狀并<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>一策，具申都省，未奉指揮。今又承批一僧<span class="zhuanming">梵安</span>等狀，整會上件事理，今勘當，欲依本部已勘當事理施行，更合取自朝廷指揮。申尚書省，後批十四日送禮部，依條施行。本寺今看詳<span class="zhuanming">臨安府</span>都正<span class="zhuanming">劉若謙</span>等叙陳僧道立位，合依上件，已降批狀，指揮施行。所有肆赦立班，合依<span class="shuming">太常因革禮</span><span class="zhuanming">宣德門</span>肆赦故事，道在左，僧在右，更合取自朝廷指揮，伏乞省部更賜詳指揮施行。申部本部今看詳欲依太常寺申到事理施行，更合取自朝廷指揮。申都省後批十月二十一日送禮部，依看詳到事理施行，須至指揮。</span> </p><p> <span>右差人<span class="zhuanming">鄭彦</span>，仰告示道正<span class="zhuanming">劉若謙</span>等，詳此知委，仍取知委文狀連申。<span class="zhuanming">紹興</span>十三年十月日。仍符軍府，行下僧司，除<span class="zhuanming">宣德門</span>肆赦外，餘時立班，並僧在左訖。</span> </p><p class="weizhi_zhanwei"></p><p> <span>佛者號天人師，稱慈悲父。聖中至聖，道超千聖之前；天中之天，德邁諸天之上。所以天尊仰奉，<span class="zhuanming">釋</span><span class="zhuanming">梵</span>將迎，一佛化境之中三千界内，莫不尊奉於佛者也。如天子巡幸於諸侯之國，豈有列士之官不朝於萬乘者也？正要分其先後，理當辨白尊卑，苟知凡聖道殊，貴免金鉛同價。道術不逾於萬里，佛心廣化塵沙，當取則於達士通人，勿固執於屋愚管見。<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00240','1726581',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P240</span></i>而況佛先道後，具載於群籍；佛聖道凡，今古之共悉也！汝宜息妄歸真，捨邪投正，迴心學佛，真正修行，消除幻妄之緣，解脱輪迴之苦。佛會中常爲善伴，菩提路共結真修。高超世表而出凡，契證真如而入聖。無以我慢自高，僻執邪妄，而虚生浪死，曠劫昇沈，不能自救也。悲哉！</span> </p><p> <span>紹興朝旨改正僧道班列文字一集</span> <span class="font12 zhu">終</span> </p></div></div></div>
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總論
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137914" key="1137914"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 總論 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137915" key="1137915"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00228','1726580',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P228</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000157">總論</p><p> <span>問曰：「略僧史，求事端，其故何也？」答曰：「欲中興佛道，令正法久住也。」曰：「方今天子重佛道，崇玄門，行儒術，致太平，已中興矣。一介比丘，力輪何轉，而言中興佛道耶？」答曰：「更欲助其中興耳。苟<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>子不知法，不修行，不勤學科，不明本起，豈能副帝王之興之乎？」或曰：「子有何力，令正法久住乎？」答曰：「佛言：知法知摩夷，護持攝受，可令法不斷也。」又曰：「諸師已廣著述，何待子之爲邪？」答曰：「古人著述，用則闕如。曾不知三教循環，終而復始。一人在上，高而不危。有一人故，奉三教之興；有三教故，助一人之理。且夫儒也者，三王以降，則宣用而合宜；道也者，五帝之前，則冥符於不宰。昔者<span class="zhuanming">馬</span><span class="shuming">史</span>躋道在九流之上，<span class="zhuanming">班</span><span class="shuming">書</span>拔儒冠藝文之初。<span class="zhuanming">子長</span>欲反其朴而還其淳，尚帝道也；<span class="zhuanming">孟堅</span>思本其仁而祖其義，行王道焉。自<span class="zhuanming">夏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">商</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">周</span>至于今，凡幾百千齡矣，若用<span class="zhuanming">黄</span><span class="zhuanming">老</span>而治，則急病服其緩藥矣。由此仁義薄，禮刑生，越其禮而逾其刑，則儒氏拱手矣。<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>之門，周其施用，以慈悲變暴惡，以喜捨變慳貪，以平等變冤親，以忍辱變瞋害，知人死而神明不滅，知趣到而受業還生。賞之以天堂，罰之以地獄。如範脱土，若模鑄金。邪範漏<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00229','1726580',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P229</span></i>模寫物，定成其寢陋；好模嘉範傳形，必告其端嚴。事匪口談，人皆目擊，是以帝王奉信，群下歸心。草上之風，翕然而偃。而能旁憑<span class="zhuanming">老氏</span>，兼假儒家，成智猶待於三愚，爲邦合遵於衆聖，成天下之亹亹，復終日之乾乾。之於御物也，如臂使手，如手運指，或擒或縱，何往不臧耶？夫如是，則三教是一家之物，萬乘是一家之君，視家不宜偏愛，偏愛則競生，競生則損教。已在其内，自然不安。及已不安，則悔損其教。不欲損教，則莫若無偏。三教既和，故法得久住也。且如<span class="zhuanming">秦始</span>焚坑儒術，事出<span class="zhuanming">李斯</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1364" id="1355">〔一〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>誅戮沙門，職由<span class="zhuanming">寇謙之</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">崔浩</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1365" id="1356">〔二〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">周武</span>廢佛道二教，矜衒己之聰明，蓋朝無正人<a class="zhuhao" href="#1366" id="1357">〔三〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">唐武宗</span>毁除寺像，道士<span class="zhuanming">趙歸真</span>率<span class="zhuanming">劉玄靖</span>同力謗誣<a class="zhuhao" href="#1367" id="1358">〔四〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">李朱崖</span>影助<a class="zhuhao" href="#1368" id="1359">〔五〕</a>。此四君﹑諸公之報驗，何太速乎！奉勸吾曹，相警互防，勿罹愆失。帝王不容，法從何立？況道流守寶，不爲天下先。沙門何妨饒禮以和之？當合佛言，一切恭信。信于<span class="zhuanming">老君</span>，先聖也；信于<span class="zhuanming">孔子</span>，先師也。非此二聖，曷能顯揚<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>教，相與齊行，致君於<span class="zhuanming">犧</span><span class="zhuanming">黄</span>之上乎？苟咈斯言，譬無賴子弟無端鬭競，累其父母，破産遭刑。然則損三教之大猷，乃一時之小失。日月食過，何損於明？君不見<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>焚百家之書，聖人預已藏諸屋壁；坑之令勦絶，<span class="zhuanming">揚</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">馬</span>﹑二<span class="zhuanming">戴</span>相次而生，何曾無噍類耶？<span class="zhuanming">梁武</span>捨道，<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>勃興；<span class="zhuanming">拓跋</span>誅僧，子孫重振；<span class="zhuanming">後周</span>毁二教，<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>牽復之；<span class="zhuanming">武宗</span>陷<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>門，去未旋踵，<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>十倍興之。側掌豈能截<span class="zhuanming">河</span><span class="zhuanming">漢</span>之流？張拳不可防暴虎之猛！況爲僧莫若<span class="zhuanming">道安</span>，<span class="zhuanming">安</span>與<span class="zhuanming">習<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00230','1726580',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P230</span></i>鑿齒</span>交游<a class="zhuhao" href="#1369" id="1360">〔六〕</a>，崇儒也；爲僧莫若<span class="zhuanming">慧遠</span>，<span class="zhuanming">遠</span>送<span class="zhuanming">陸脩静</span>過<span class="zhuanming">虎溪</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1370" id="1361">〔七〕</a>，重道也。余慕二高僧，好儒重道，<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>子猶或非之。我既重他，他豈輕我？請信<span class="zhuanming">安</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">遠</span>行事，其可法也。<span class="shuming">詩</span>曰：『伐柯伐柯，其則不遠。』<a class="zhuhao" href="#1371" id="1362">〔八〕</a><span class="zhuanming">孟子</span>曰：『天時不如地利，地利不如人和。』<a class="zhuhao" href="#1372" id="1363">〔九〕</a>斯之謂歟？」</span> </p><p class="weizhi_zhanwei"></p><p> <span><span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>卷下</span> <span class="font12 zhu">終</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1355" id="1364">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">史記</span>卷六<span class="shuming">秦始皇本紀</span>：「博士<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>人<span class="zhuanming">淳于越</span>進曰：『臣聞<span class="zhuanming">殷</span><span class="zhuanming">周</span>之王千餘歲，封子弟功臣，自爲枝輔。今陛下有海内，而子弟爲匹夫，卒有<span class="zhuanming">田常</span>﹑六卿之臣，無輔拂，何以相救哉？事不師古而能長久者，非所聞也。今<span class="zhuanming">青臣</span>又面諛以重陛下之過，非忠臣。』<span class="zhuanming">始皇</span>下其議。丞相<span class="zhuanming">李斯</span>曰：『五帝不相復，三代不相襲，各以治，非其相反，時變異也。今陛下創大業，建萬世之功，固非愚儒所知。且<span class="zhuanming">越</span>言乃三代之事，何足法也？異時諸侯並争，厚招遊學。今天下已定，法令出一，百姓當家則力農工，士則學習法令辟禁。今諸生不師今而學古，以非當世，惑亂黔首。丞相臣<span class="zhuanming">斯</span>昧死言：古者天下散亂，莫之能一，是以諸侯並作，語皆道古以害今，飾虚言以亂實，人善其所私學，以非上之所建立。今皇帝並有天下，别黑白而定一尊。私學而相與非法教，人聞令下，則各以其學議之，入則心非，出則巷議，誇主以<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00231','1726580',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P231</span></i>爲名，異取以爲高，率群下以造謗。如此弗禁，則主勢降乎上，黨與成乎下。禁之便。臣請史官非<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>記皆燒之。非博士官所職，天下敢有藏<span class="shuming">詩</span>﹑<span class="shuming">書</span>﹑百家語者，悉詣守﹑尉雜燒之。有敢偶語<span class="shuming">詩</span>﹑<span class="shuming">書</span>者棄市。以古非今者族。吏見知不舉者與同罪。令下三十日不燒，黥爲城旦。所不去者，醫藥卜筮種樹之書。若欲有學法令，以吏爲師。』制曰：『可。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1356" id="1365">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">魏書</span>卷一一四<span class="shuming">釋老志</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">世祖</span>即位，富於春秋。既而鋭志武功，每以平定禍亂爲先。雖歸宗佛法，敬重沙門，而未存覽經教，深求緣報之意。及得<span class="zhuanming">寇謙之</span>道，帝以清浄無爲，有仙化之證，遂信行其術。時司徒<span class="zhuanming">崔浩</span>，博學多聞，帝每訪以大事。<span class="zhuanming">浩</span>奉<span class="zhuanming">謙之</span>道，尤不信佛，與帝言，數加非毁，常謂虚誕，爲世費害。帝以其辯博，頗信之。會<span class="zhuanming">蓋吴</span>反<span class="zhuanming">杏城</span>，<span class="zhuanming">關中</span>騷動，帝乃西伐，至於<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>。先是，<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>沙門種麥寺内，御騶牧馬於麥中，帝入觀馬。沙門飲從官酒，從官入其便室，見大有弓矢矛盾，出以奏聞。帝怒曰：『此非沙門所用，當與<span class="zhuanming">蓋吴</span>通謀，規害人耳！』命有司案誅一寺，閲其財産，大得釀酒具及州郡牧守富人所寄藏物，蓋以萬計。又爲屈室，與貴室女私行淫亂。帝既忿沙門非法，<span class="zhuanming">浩</span>時從行，因進其説。詔誅<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>沙門，焚破佛像，敕留臺下四方，令一依<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>行事。又詔曰：『彼沙門者，假西戎虚誕，妄生妖孽，非所以一齊政化，布淳德於天下也。自王公已下，有私養沙門者，皆送官曹，不得隱匿。限今年二月十五日，過期不出，沙門身死，容止者誅一門。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1357" id="1366">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">北史</span>卷一○<span class="shuming">周本紀下</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">建德</span>三年五月）丙子，初斷佛﹑道二教，經像悉毁，罷沙門﹑道士，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00232','1726580',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P232</span></i>並令還俗。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1358" id="1367">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一八上<span class="shuming">武宗紀</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>四年三月）以道士<span class="zhuanming">趙歸真</span>爲左右街道門教授先生。時帝志學神仙，師<span class="zhuanming">歸真</span>。<span class="zhuanming">歸真</span>乘寵，每對，排毁<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，言非<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>之教，蠹耗生靈，盡宜除去，帝頗信之。」「（<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>）五年春正月己酉朔，敕造<span class="zhuanming">望僊臺</span>於南郊壇。……<span class="zhuanming">歸真</span>自以涉物論，遂舉<span class="zhuanming">羅浮</span>道士<span class="zhuanming">鄧元起</span>有長年之術，帝遣中使迎之。由是與<span class="zhuanming">衡山</span>道士<span class="zhuanming">劉玄靖</span>及<span class="zhuanming">歸真</span>膠固，排毁<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，而拆寺之請行焉。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1359" id="1368">〔五〕</a>崖：底本誤作「崔」，據文意及<span class="shuming">緇門警訓</span>卷三改。<span class="zhuanming">李朱崖</span>，即<span class="zhuanming">李德裕</span>。<span class="zhuanming">李</span>曾被貶爲<span class="zhuanming">崖州</span>司户，故有此稱。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1360" id="1369">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷五<span class="shuming">釋道安傳</span>：「時<span class="zhuanming">襄陽</span><span class="zhuanming">習鑿齒</span>，鋒辯天逸，籠罩當時。其先聞<span class="zhuanming">安</span>高名，早已致書通好曰：『承應真履正，明白内融。慈訓兼照，道俗齊蔭。自大教東流四百餘年，雖蕃王居士時有奉者，而真丹宿訓，先行上世，道運時遷，俗未僉悟。自頃道業之隆，咸無以匹，所謂月光將出，靈鉢應降。法師任當洪範，化洽幽深。此方諸僧，咸有思慕，若慶雲東徂，摩尼迴曜，一躡七寶之座，暫現明哲之燈，雨甘露於豐草，植栴檀於江湄。則<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>之教，復崇於今日。玄波溢漾，重盪於一代矣。』文多，不悉載。及聞<span class="zhuanming">安</span>至止，即往修造。既坐，稱言：『四海<span class="zhuanming">習鑿齒</span>。』<span class="zhuanming">安</span>曰：『彌天<span class="zhuanming">釋道安</span>。』時人以爲名答。<span class="zhuanming">齒</span>後餉梨十枚，正值衆食，便手自剖分，梨盡人遍，無參差者。……<span class="zhuanming">習鑿齒</span>與<span class="zhuanming">謝安</span>書云：『來此見<span class="zhuanming">釋道安</span>，故是遠勝，非<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00233','1726580',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P233</span></i>常道士。師徒數百，齋講不倦。無變化伎術可以惑常人之耳目，無重威大勢可以整群小之參差，而師徒肅肅，自相尊敬。洋洋濟濟，乃是吾由來所未見。其人理懷簡衷，多所博涉，内外群書，略皆遍覩。陰陽算數，亦皆能通。佛經妙義，故所游刃。作義乃似<span class="zhuanming">法蘭</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法道</span>。恨足下不同日而見。其亦每言，思得一叙。』其爲時賢所重，類皆然也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1361" id="1370">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">廬山記</span>卷一<span class="shuming">叙山北第二</span>：「流泉臣寺下入<span class="zhuanming">虎溪</span>。昔<span class="zhuanming">遠師</span>送客過此，虎輒號鳴，故名焉。時<span class="zhuanming">陶元亮</span>居<span class="zhuanming">栗里山</span>南，<span class="zhuanming">陸脩静</span>亦有道之士，<span class="zhuanming">遠師</span>嘗送此二人，與語道合，不覺過之，因相與大笑。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1362" id="1371">〔八〕</a>出<span class="shuming">詩</span><span class="shuming">豳風</span><span class="shuming">伐柯</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1363" id="1372">〔九〕</a>出<span class="shuming">孟子</span><span class="shuming">公孫丑下</span>。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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立僧正
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137918" key="1137918"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 立僧正 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137919" key="1137919"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00092','1726541',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P92</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000080">立僧正<span class="font12 zhu">尼正附</span></p><p> <span>僧曹創立，浄衆日齊。所樹官方，終循佛教。所言僧正者何？正，政也，自正正人，克敷政令，故云也。蓋以比丘無法，如馬無轡勒，牛無貫繩，漸染俗風，將乖雅則，故設有<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00093','1726541',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P93</span></i>德望者，以法而繩之，令歸于正，故曰僧正也。此<span class="zhuanming">僞秦</span><span class="zhuanming">僧䂮</span>爲始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#620" id="607">〔一〕</a>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">或曰<span class="zhuanming">道䂮</span>。</span> <span><span class="zhuanming">東晋</span>遷都，蔑聞此職。至<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>世，乃立沙門都，又以尼<span class="zhuanming">寶賢</span>爲僧正，<span class="zhuanming">文帝</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">孝武</span>皆崇重之<a class="zhuhao" href="#621" id="608">〔二〕</a>。次有號法主者，如<span class="zhuanming">釋道猷</span>，<span class="zhuanming">生公</span>之弟子也。<span class="zhuanming">文帝</span>問<span class="zhuanming">慧觀</span>曰：「頓悟義誰習之？」答曰：「<span class="zhuanming">道猷</span>。」遂召入。至<span class="zhuanming">孝武</span>即位，敕住<span class="zhuanming">新安寺</span>，爲鎮寺法主<a class="zhuhao" href="#622" id="609">〔三〕</a>。又敕<span class="zhuanming">法瑗</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">湘宫寺</span>法主<a class="zhuhao" href="#623" id="610">〔四〕</a>。詳其各寺同名，疑非統正之任。又<span class="zhuanming">昇明</span>中，以<span class="zhuanming">法持</span>爲僧正<a class="zhuhao" href="#624" id="611">〔五〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">大明</span>中，以<span class="zhuanming">道温</span>爲都邑僧正<a class="zhuhao" href="#625" id="612">〔六〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">永明</span>中，敕<span class="zhuanming">長干寺</span><span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span>同<span class="zhuanming">法獻</span>爲僧主，分任南北兩岸。<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>後被敕往<span class="zhuanming">三吴</span>，使紏繩二衆<a class="zhuhao" href="#626" id="613">〔七〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>末以<span class="zhuanming">法悦</span>爲僧主，住<span class="zhuanming">正覺寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#627" id="614">〔八〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">梁祖</span>歸心佛教，深入玄樞，慎選德人，以充僧首，則<span class="zhuanming">法超</span>爲都邑僧正<a class="zhuhao" href="#628" id="615">〔九〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">普通</span>六年，敕<span class="zhuanming">法雲</span>爲大僧正，吏力備足<a class="zhuhao" href="#629" id="616">〔一○〕</a>，又<span class="zhuanming">慧令</span>亦充此職焉<a class="zhuhao" href="#630" id="617">〔一一〕</a>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">「大」字異耳。</span> <span>所云僧主者，猶僧官也，蓋偏地小正小統之名也。如<span class="zhuanming">闍那崛多</span>，此言<span class="zhuanming">志德</span>，<span class="zhuanming">北印度</span>人，<span class="zhuanming">周朝</span><span class="zhuanming">譙王</span><span class="zhuanming">宇文儉</span>鎮<span class="zhuanming">蜀</span>，請以同行，至彼，任<span class="zhuanming">益州</span>僧主，住<span class="zhuanming">龍淵寺</span>焉<a class="zhuhao" href="#631" id="618">〔一二〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">南朝</span><span class="zhuanming">慧基</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">偶</span>，<span class="zhuanming">錢塘</span>人，依<span class="zhuanming">求那三藏</span>，於<span class="zhuanming">蔡州</span>受戒。後化行<span class="zhuanming">越</span>土，尋敕爲僧主，掌任十城，東土僧主之始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#632" id="619">〔一三〕</a>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">東土即<span class="zhuanming">吴</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">會</span>之間也。</span> <span>歷觀諸朝，多是諸侯立僧正也。<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>雖大國，亦用此名，但加「大」字以别之。今天下每州置一員，擇德行才能者充之，不然則闕矣。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#607" id="620">〔一〕</a>參「僧寺綱紏」條注八。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00094','1726541',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P94</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#608" id="621">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">比丘尼傳</span>卷二<span class="shuming">普賢寺寶賢尼傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">寶賢</span>，本姓<span class="zhuanming">陳</span>，<span class="zhuanming">陳郡</span>人也。……十九出家，住<span class="zhuanming">建安寺</span>。操行精修，博通禪律。<span class="zhuanming">宋文皇帝</span>深加禮遇，供以衣食。及<span class="zhuanming">孝武</span>，雅相敬待，月給錢一萬。<span class="zhuanming">明帝</span>即位，賞接彌崇。以<span class="zhuanming">泰始</span>元年，敕爲<span class="zhuanming">普賢寺</span>主。二年，又敕爲都邑僧正。甚有威風，明斷如神。善論物理，屈抂必釋。秉性剛直，無所傾撓。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#609" id="622">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷七<span class="shuming">釋道猷傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋道猷</span>，<span class="zhuanming">吴</span>人。初爲<span class="zhuanming">生公</span>弟子，隨師之<span class="zhuanming">廬山</span>。師亡後，隱<span class="zhuanming">臨川郡</span>山。……<span class="zhuanming">宋文</span>問<span class="zhuanming">慧觀</span>：『頓悟之義，誰復習之？』答云：『<span class="zhuanming">生公</span>弟子<span class="zhuanming">道猷</span>。』即敕<span class="zhuanming">臨川郡</span>發遣出京。既至，即延入宫内，大集義僧，令<span class="zhuanming">猷</span>申述頓悟。時競辯之徒，關責互起。<span class="zhuanming">猷</span>既積思參玄，又宗源有本，乘機挫鋭，往必摧鋒。帝乃撫机稱快。及<span class="zhuanming">孝武</span>升位，尤相歎重，乃敕住<span class="zhuanming">新安</span>，爲鎮寺法主。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#610" id="623">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷八<span class="shuming">釋法瑗傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋法瑗</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">辛</span>，<span class="zhuanming">隴西</span>人。……及<span class="zhuanming">明帝</span>造<span class="zhuanming">湘宫</span>新成，大開講肆，妙選英僧，敕請<span class="zhuanming">瑗</span>充當法主。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#611" id="624">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">南齊書</span>卷五六<span class="shuming">倖臣傳</span><span class="shuming">楊法持</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>世道人<span class="zhuanming">楊法持</span>，與<span class="zhuanming">太祖</span>有舊。<span class="zhuanming">元徽</span>末，宣傳密謀。<span class="zhuanming">昇明</span>中，以爲僧正。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#612" id="625">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷七<span class="shuming">釋道温傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋道温</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">皇甫</span>，<span class="zhuanming">安定</span><span class="zhuanming">朝那</span>人。……<span class="zhuanming">孝建</span>初，被敕下都，止<span class="zhuanming">中興寺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">大明</span>中，敕爲都邑僧主。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#613" id="626">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一三<span class="shuming">釋法獻傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋法獻</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">徐</span>，<span class="zhuanming">西海</span><span class="zhuanming">延水</span>人。……<span class="zhuanming">獻</span>以<span class="zhuanming">永明</span>之中，被敕與<span class="zhuanming">長干</span><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00095','1726541',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P95</span></i><span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span>同爲僧主，分任南北兩岸。<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>本<span class="zhuanming">秦州</span>人，亦律禁清白，<span class="zhuanming">文惠太子</span>奉爲戒師。<span class="zhuanming">獻</span>後被敕<span class="zhuanming">三吴</span>，使妙簡二衆。<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>亦東行，重申受戒之法。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#614" id="627">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一三<span class="shuming">釋法悦傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋法悦</span>者，戒素沙門也。<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>末，敕爲僧主，止京師<span class="zhuanming">正覺寺</span>。敦修福業，四部所歸。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#615" id="628">〔九〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷二一<span class="shuming">梁楊都天竺寺釋法超傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋法超</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">孟氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">晋陵</span><span class="zhuanming">無錫</span>人也。……自<span class="zhuanming">稱公</span>殁後，獨步京邑。中歲廢業，頗失鴻緒。後復綴講，衆重殷矣。帝謂律教乃是像運攸憑，覺慧階漸，治身滅罪之要，三聖由之而歸，必不得門，如閉目夜行，常懼蹈諸坑塹。欲使僧尼於五篇七聚導意奬心，以<span class="zhuanming">超</span>律學之秀，敕爲都邑僧正，庶其弘扇有徒，儀表斯立。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#616" id="629">〔一○〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷五<span class="shuming">梁楊都光宅寺沙門釋法雲傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋法雲</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">周氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宜興</span><span class="zhuanming">陽羡</span>人。……及<span class="zhuanming">梁氏</span>高臨，甚相欽禮。……令時諸名德各撰<span class="shuming">成實義疏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">雲</span>乃經論合撰，有四十科，爲四十二卷。俄尋究了，又敕於寺三遍敷講。廣請義學，充諸堂宇。敕給傳，詔車牛吏力皆備足焉。至七年，制注<span class="shuming">大品</span>。……尋又下詔，禮爲家僧，資給優厚，敕爲<span class="zhuanming">光宅寺</span>主，創立僧制，雅爲後則。……<span class="zhuanming">普通</span>六年，敕爲大僧正。於<span class="zhuanming">同泰寺</span>設千僧會，廣集諸寺知事及學行名僧，羯磨拜授，置位羽儀。衆皆見所未聞，得未曾有。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#617" id="630">〔一一〕</a>慧令：<span class="zhuanming">靈根寺</span>僧。<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷一九<span class="shuming">御講般若經序</span>：「大僧正<span class="zhuanming">慧令</span>，蓋法門之上首，亦總持之神足。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00096','1726541',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P96</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#618" id="631">〔一二〕</a><span class="shuming">開元釋教録</span>卷七：「沙門<span class="zhuanming">闍那崛多</span>，<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>云<span class="zhuanming">志德</span>，<span class="zhuanming">北賢豆</span><span class="zhuanming">揵陀囉國</span>人也。……以<span class="zhuanming">周明</span><span class="zhuanming">武成</span>之歲，初届<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>，止<span class="zhuanming">草堂寺</span>。……思欲通法，無由自展，具情上啓，即蒙别敕，爲造<span class="zhuanming">四天王寺</span>，聽在居住。自兹已後，乃翻新經，及接先闕。既非弘泰，羈縻而已。會<span class="zhuanming">譙王</span><span class="zhuanming">宇文儉</span>鎮<span class="zhuanming">蜀</span>，復請同行。於彼三年，恒任<span class="zhuanming">益州</span>僧主，住<span class="zhuanming">龍淵寺</span>。」<span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷二有傳。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#619" id="632">〔一三〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷八<span class="shuming">釋慧基傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋慧基</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">偶</span>，<span class="zhuanming">吴國</span><span class="zhuanming">錢塘</span>人。幼而神情俊逸，機悟過人。初依隨<span class="zhuanming">祇洹</span><span class="zhuanming">慧義法師</span>。至年十五，<span class="zhuanming">義</span>嘉其神彩，爲啓<span class="zhuanming">宋文帝</span>求度出家。<span class="zhuanming">文帝</span>引見，顧問允怙，即敕於<span class="zhuanming">祇洹寺</span>爲設會出家。……<span class="zhuanming">基</span>既德被<span class="zhuanming">三吴</span>，聲馳海内，乃敕爲僧主，掌任十城。蓋東土僧正之始也。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
僧寺綱紏
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137922" key="1137922"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 僧寺綱紏 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137923" key="1137923"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00089','1726540',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P89</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000078">僧寺綱紏</p><p> <span>夫言寺者，嗣也，治事者相嗣續於其内也<a class="zhuhao" href="#599" id="591">〔一〕</a>。既用官司之名，無虧佛事之業，故子續其父，資踰<a class="zhuhao" href="#600" id="592">〔二〕</a>於師，此相嗣而接蹤，當克勤而成事也。案<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>知事僧總曰羯磨陀那<a class="zhuhao" href="#601" id="593">〔三〕</a>，譯<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00090','1726540',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P90</span></i>爲知事，亦曰悦衆，謂知其事﹑悦其衆也。稽其佛世，<span class="zhuanming">飲光</span>統衆於<span class="zhuanming">靈鷲</span>，<span class="zhuanming">身子</span>蒞事於<span class="zhuanming">竹林</span>。及<span class="zhuanming">沓婆摩羅</span>年甫十六，已證應真，其後念身不牢固，請爲僧知事，指夜出光，分僧卧具，故佛讚言：「我弟子爲僧知房舍，差次請食，<span class="zhuanming">沓婆摩羅子</span>爲第一。」<a class="zhuhao" href="#602" id="594">〔四〕</a>如其赴請群集，誰合受第一水果飲食等，佛言：「以其年臘最高者爲之，謂之上座<a class="zhuhao" href="#603" id="595">〔五〕</a>。」及佛教東漸，<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">魏</span>之間，如網未設其綱，如舟未下其磸。殆<span class="zhuanming">姚秦</span>之世，出家者十室而半<a class="zhuhao" href="#604" id="596">〔六〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">羅什</span>入<span class="zhuanming">關</span>，贏糧裹足而至者三千。<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>主敕選<span class="zhuanming">道䂮<a class="zhuhao" href="#605" id="597">〔七〕</a>法師</span>爲僧正，<span class="zhuanming">慧遠</span>爲悦衆，<span class="zhuanming">法欽</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧斌</span>掌僧録，給車輿吏力<a class="zhuhao" href="#606" id="598">〔八〕</a>。僧正秩同侍中，餘則差降。此土立僧官，<span class="zhuanming">秦</span><span class="zhuanming">䂮</span>爲始也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#591" id="599">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">釋名</span>卷五<span class="shuming">釋宫室</span>：「寺，嗣也，治事者嗣續於其内也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#592" id="600">〔二〕</a><span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：「字書無『踰』字，恐『踵』之誤。或『跲』歟？跲，音夾，代也。」底本校記：「踰＝踵。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#593" id="601">〔三〕</a><span class="zhuanming">義浄</span>撰<span class="shuming">南海寄歸内法傳</span>卷四<span class="shuming">灌沐尊儀</span>：「授事者，<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>云羯磨陀那。陀那是授，羯磨是事，意道以衆雜事指授於人，舊云維那者非也。維是<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>語，意道綱維。那是<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>音，略去羯磨陀字。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#594" id="602">〔四〕</a>飲光：即<span class="zhuanming">迦葉</span>。　　身子：<span class="zhuanming">舍利弗</span>。<span class="shuming">北山録</span>卷八<span class="shuming">住持行</span>：「佛在世，<span class="zhuanming">飲光</span>統衆於<span class="zhuanming">靈山</span>，<span class="zhuanming">身<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00091','1726540',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P91</span></i>子</span>莅事于<span class="zhuanming">竹林</span>。洎<span class="zhuanming">沓婆摩羅</span>年十六，得阿羅漢，其後念身不牢固，請知僧務。<span class="zhuanming">大聖</span>憫其誠願，命僧差之。既懃于職，於衣食乃孜孜不暇給，先物後己。率籲玄侣，流聞暢乎八方。<span class="zhuanming">皇覺</span>懿乃嘉績，讚曰：『我弟子爲僧知房舍卧具，差次請食，<span class="zhuanming">沓婆摩羅</span>爲第一也。』」<span class="shuming">善見律毗婆沙</span>卷一三：「<span class="zhuanming">遝婆</span>是比丘名，<span class="zhuanming">摩羅</span>是王名。此王子出家故，名<span class="zhuanming">遝婆摩羅子</span>。此大德，年七歲出家，鬚髮落地，即成羅漢，得三達智，具六神通。……而白佛言：『今從世尊乞二種願：一者爲諸衆僧分佈房舍，二者差會分佈飲食。』於是世尊答言：『善哉。汝貪嗔既盡，堪爲此事。汝當爲衆僧分佈牀席及諸飲食。』」<span class="shuming">四分律</span>卷三：「時尊者<span class="zhuanming">沓婆摩羅子</span>得阿羅漢，在静處思惟，心自念言：『此身不牢固，我今當以何方便，求牢固法耶？』復作是念：『我今宜可以力供養，分僧卧具，差次受請飯食耶？』時<span class="zhuanming">沓婆摩羅子</span>晡時從静處起整衣服，往至世尊所，頭面禮足，在一面坐，白世尊言：『我向在静處，心作是念：是身不牢固，以何方便求牢固法？我今寧可以力供養，分僧卧具，及差次受請飯食耶？』世尊告諸比丘，差<span class="zhuanming">沓婆摩羅子</span>分僧卧具及差次受請飯食。……時世尊讚言：『我弟子中，分僧卧具者，<span class="zhuanming">沓婆摩羅子</span>最爲第一。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#595" id="603">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">毗尼母經</span>卷六：「從無臘乃至九臘，是名下座。從十臘至十九臘，是名中座。從二十臘至四十九臘，是名上座。過五十臘已上，國王長者出家人所重，是名耆舊長宿。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#596" id="604">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">晋書</span>卷一一七<span class="shuming">姚興載記上</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">興</span>既托意於佛道，公卿已下莫不欽附，沙門自遠而至者五千<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00092','1726540',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P92</span></i>餘人。起浮圖於<span class="zhuanming">永貴里</span>，立<span class="zhuanming">波若臺</span>于中宫，沙門坐禪者恒有千數。州郡化之，事佛者十室而九矣。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#597" id="605">〔七〕</a><span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：「䂮，音掠，磨刃也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#598" id="606">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">北山録</span>卷八<span class="shuming">住持行</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">中夏</span><span class="zhuanming">姚秦</span>世，棄俗者十室而半。<span class="zhuanming">羅什</span>入關，學徒籯糧不遠千里而至者三千。因立<span class="zhuanming">道䂮</span>爲僧正，<span class="zhuanming">慧遠</span>爲悦衆，<span class="zhuanming">法欽</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧斌</span>掌僧録，給車輿吏人。僧正秩同侍中，餘别有差。<span class="zhuanming">震旦</span>有僧官，自<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>始也。」<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">僧䂮傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋僧䂮</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">傅氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">北地</span><span class="zhuanming">泥陽</span>人。……自<span class="zhuanming">童壽</span>入關，遠僧復集。僧尼既多，或有愆漏。<span class="zhuanming">興</span>曰：『凡未學僧，未階苦忍，安得無過？過而不𦐤，過遂多矣。宜立僧主，以清大望。』因下書曰：『大法東遷，於今爲盛。僧尼已多，應須綱領，宣授遠規，以濟頽緒。<span class="zhuanming">僧䂮法師</span>，學優早年，德芳暮齒，可爲國内僧主。<span class="zhuanming">僧遷法師</span>，禪慧兼修，即爲悦衆。<span class="zhuanming">法欽</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧斌</span>共掌僧録。』給車輿吏力。<span class="zhuanming">䂮</span>資侍中秩，傳詔羊車各二人，<span class="zhuanming">遷</span>等並有厚給。共事純儉，允愜時望。五衆肅清，六時無怠。至<span class="zhuanming">弘始</span>七年，敕加親信伏身白從各三十人。僧正之興，<span class="zhuanming">䂮</span>之始也。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
附録　釋贊寧相關文獻資料
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137926" key="1137926"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 附録　釋贊寧相關文獻資料 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137927" key="1137927"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00241','1726582',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P241</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000160"><b>附録　釋贊寧相關文獻資料</b></p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">徐鉉</span><span class="shuming">徐公文集</span>卷二二</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">送贊寧道人歸浙中</span></span> </p><p> <span>故里<span class="zhuanming">夫差</span>國，高名<span class="zhuanming">惠遠</span>師。君恩從野逸，歸棹逐凌澌。舊訪雖無念，牽懷亦有詩。因行過<span class="zhuanming">秦望</span>，爲致<span class="zhuanming">李斯</span>碑。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="shuming">四部叢刊</span>本）</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">王禹偁</span><span class="shuming">小畜集</span>卷七</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">贈贊寧大師</span></span> </p><p> <span>詔修僧史<span class="zhuanming">浙江</span>濱，萬卷書中老一身。赴闕尚留<span class="zhuanming">支遁</span>馬，援毫應待<span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>麟。溟濛雪影松窗曉，狼籍苔花竹院春。還許幽齋暫相訪，却慙<span class="zhuanming">陶令</span>滿衣塵。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">寄贊寧上人</span></span> <span class="font12 zhu">時上人進新修<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>有詔赴闕</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00242','1726582',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P242</span></i> <span><span class="zhuanming">支公</span>兼有<span class="zhuanming">董狐</span>才，史傳修成乙夜開。天子遠酬丹詔去，高僧不出白雲來。眉毫久别應垂雪，心印休傳本似灰。若念重瞳欲相見，未妨西上一浮杯。</span> </p><p> <span>又，卷二○</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">左街僧録通惠大師文集序</span></span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">釋</span>子謂佛書爲内典，調儒書爲外學。工詩則衆，工文則鮮。并是四者，其惟大師。大師世姓<span class="zhuanming">高氏</span>，法名<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，其先<span class="zhuanming">渤海</span>人，<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>末徙居<span class="zhuanming">吴興郡</span>之<span class="zhuanming">德清縣</span>。祖<span class="zhuanming">琄</span>﹑考<span class="zhuanming">審</span>，皆隱德不仕。母<span class="zhuanming">周氏</span>，以<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">天祐</span>十六年歲在己卯某月某日生大師于<span class="zhuanming">金鵡山</span>别墅，時<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">貞明</span>七年也，<span class="zhuanming">武肅王</span><span class="zhuanming">錢某</span>專制<span class="zhuanming">江浙</span>。<span class="zhuanming">後唐</span><span class="zhuanming">天成</span>中出家，<span class="zhuanming">清泰</span>初，入<span class="zhuanming">天台山</span>，受具足戒，習<span class="shuming">四分律</span>，通<span class="zhuanming">南山</span>律。<span class="zhuanming">長興</span>三年，<span class="zhuanming">武肅</span>薨，<span class="zhuanming">文穆王</span>諱嗣位，大師聲望日隆，文學益茂。時<span class="zhuanming">錢氏</span>公族有若<span class="zhuanming">忠懿王</span>諱﹑<span class="zhuanming">宣德</span>節度<span class="zhuanming">偡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">奉國</span>節度使<span class="zhuanming">億</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">越州</span>刺史<span class="zhuanming">儀</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">金州</span>觀察使<span class="zhuanming">儼</span>﹑故工部侍郎<span class="zhuanming">昱</span>與大師以文義切磋。時<span class="zhuanming">浙中</span>士大夫有若衛尉卿<span class="zhuanming">崔仁冀</span>﹑工部侍郎<span class="zhuanming">慎知禮</span>﹑内侍致仕<span class="zhuanming">楊惲</span>與大師以詩什唱和。又得文格于<span class="zhuanming">光文大師</span><span class="zhuanming">彙征</span>，授詩訣于前進士<span class="zhuanming">龔霖</span>，由是大爲流輩所服。時<span class="zhuanming">錢塘</span>名僧有若<span class="zhuanming">契凝</span>者，通名數一支，謂之論虎；<span class="zhuanming">常從義</span>者，文章俊捷，謂之文虎；大師多毗尼著述，謂之律虎。故時稱四虎焉。署本國監壇，又爲<span class="zhuanming">兩浙</span>僧統，歷數十年。像法修明，緇徒整戢。<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>三年，<span class="zhuanming">忠懿王</span>攜版圖歸國，大師奉真身舍利塔入朝，<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>素聞其名，召<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00243','1726582',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P243</span></i>對<span class="zhuanming">滋福殿</span>，延問彌日，别賜紫方袍，尋改師號曰「通惠」。故相<span class="zhuanming">盧朱崖</span>深加禮重。參知政事<span class="zhuanming">李穆</span>，儒學之外，善談名理，事大師尤爲恭謹。八年，詔修<span class="shuming">大宋高僧傳</span>，聽歸<span class="zhuanming">杭州</span>舊寺，成三十卷。進御之日，璽書褒美。居無何，徵歸京師，住<span class="zhuanming">天壽寺</span>。參知政事<span class="zhuanming">蘇易簡</span>奉詔撰<span class="shuming">三教聖賢事迹</span>，奏大師與<span class="zhuanming">太一宫</span>道士<span class="zhuanming">韓德純</span>分領其事。大師著<span class="shuming">鷲嶺聖賢録</span>，又集聖賢事迹凡一百卷，制署左街講經首座。<span class="zhuanming">至道</span>元年，知西京教門事。今上<span class="zhuanming">咸平</span>元年，詔充右街僧録。先是，故相<span class="zhuanming">文貞公</span>懸車之明年，年七十一，思繼<span class="zhuanming">白少傅</span>九老之會，得舊相吏部尚書<span class="zhuanming">宋琪</span>，年七十九；左諫議大夫<span class="zhuanming">楊徽之</span>，年七十五；<span class="zhuanming">郢州</span>刺史判金吾街仗事<span class="zhuanming">魏丕</span>，年七十六；太常少卿致仕<span class="zhuanming">李運</span>，年八十；水部郎中直祕閣<span class="zhuanming">朱昂</span>，年七十一；<span class="zhuanming">廬州</span>節度副使<span class="zhuanming">武允成</span>，年七十九；太子中允致仕<span class="zhuanming">張好問</span>，年八十五；大師，時年七十八。凡九人焉。<span class="zhuanming">文貞公</span>將讌于家園，形于繪事，以聲詩流詠，播于無窮。會<span class="zhuanming">蜀</span>寇作亂，朝廷出師不果而罷。今九老之中，<span class="zhuanming">李</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">楊</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">張</span>已先逝矣。大師年八十二，視聽不衰，于本國歷<span class="zhuanming">武肅</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">文穆</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">廢王</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">忠懿</span>凡四世，于朝歷<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>兩帝，<span class="zhuanming">後唐</span><span class="zhuanming">莊宗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">應順</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">清泰</span>，<span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">高祖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">少帝</span>，<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">高祖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">隱帝</span>，<span class="zhuanming">周</span><span class="zhuanming">太祖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">世宗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">梁王</span>，我<span class="zhuanming">太祖</span><span class="zhuanming">英武聖文神德皇帝</span>﹑我<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span><span class="zhuanming">神功聖德文武皇帝</span>通今上凡十五朝，而能受洪範嚮用之福，處浮圖具瞻之地，豈所謂必得其壽，必得其位者乎？大師以述作頗多，叙引未立，猥蒙見託，不克固辭。總其篇題，具如别録，凡内典集一百五十二卷，外學集四十<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00244','1726582',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P244</span></i>九卷。覽其文，知其道矣。因徵其世家行事，備而書之，使後之傳高僧銘塔廟者，于兹取信云。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="shuming">四部叢刊</span>本）</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">江少虞</span><span class="shuming">新雕皇朝類苑</span>卷一五</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">太祖皇帝</span>初幸<span class="zhuanming">相國寺</span>，至佛像前燒香，問當拜與不拜，僧録<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>奏曰：「不拜。」問其何故，對曰：「見在佛不拜過去佛。」<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>者，頗知書，有口辯，其語雖類俳優，然適會上意，故微笑而頷之，遂以爲定制。至今行幸焚香，皆不拜也，議者以爲得禮。</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="shuming">廬陵歸田録</span>。</span> </p><p> <span>又，卷四五</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>欲知古高僧事，<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>撰<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>十卷進呈，充史館編修，壽八十四。天監<span class="zhuanming">王處訥</span>推其命孤薄不佳，如三命﹑星禽﹑略禄﹑壬遁俱無壽貴之處，謂<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>曰：「師生時所異者，止得天貴星臨門，必有列土侯王在户否？」<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>曰：「母氏長謂某曰：汝生時，方卧草，<span class="zhuanming">錢文穆王</span><span class="zhuanming">元瓘</span>往<span class="zhuanming">臨安縣</span>拜塋至門，雨作，避於茅簷甚久。始浣浴襁籍，徘徊方去。」</span> <span class="font12 zhu">見<span class="shuming">湘山野録</span>。</span> </p><p> <span>又，卷六五</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">吴</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，國初爲僧録，辭辯縱横，人莫能屈。時有<span class="zhuanming">安鴻漸</span>者，文詞雋敏，尤好嘲詠。嘗街行，遇<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>與數僧相隨。<span class="zhuanming">鴻漸</span>指而嘲曰：「<span class="zhuanming">鄭都官</span>不愛之徒，時時作隊。」<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>應聲<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00245','1726582',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P245</span></i>曰：「<span class="zhuanming">秦始皇</span>未坑之輩，往往成群。」皆善捷對。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">元和</span>七年活字印本）</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">歐陽修</span><span class="shuming">六一詩話</span></span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">吴</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，國初爲僧録，頗讀儒書，博覽强記，亦自能撰述，而辭辯縱横，人莫能屈。時有<span class="zhuanming">安鴻漸</span>者，文詞雋敏，尤好嘲詠。嘗街行，遇<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>與數僧相隨，<span class="zhuanming">鴻漸</span>指而嘲曰：「<span class="zhuanming">鄭都官</span>不愛之徒，時時作隊。」<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>應聲答曰：「<span class="zhuanming">秦始皇</span>未坑之輩，往往成群。」時皆善其捷對。<span class="zhuanming">鴻漸</span>所道，乃<span class="zhuanming">鄭谷</span>詩云「愛僧不愛紫衣僧」也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span><span class="shuming">歐陽修全集</span>本）</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">祖無擇</span><span class="shuming">龍學文集</span>卷一四<span class="shuming">家集</span></span> </p><p> <span>僧<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>者，頗有學問，近代罕有其比。著<span class="shuming">僧史</span>，言今之車駕前中使乘馬擁袍，以繡帕覆之者，俗指爲駕頭，<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>乃云其中有<span class="shuming">人王經</span>一部，蓋不知而妄作也。此乃大朝會時殿中御座爾，其形如杌子。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="shuming">文淵閣四庫全書</span>本）</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">釋文瑩</span><span class="shuming">湘山野録</span>卷下</span> </p><p> <span>僧録<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>有大學，洞古博物，著書數百卷。<span class="zhuanming">王元之</span><span class="zhuanming">禹偁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">徐騎省</span><span class="zhuanming">鉉</span>疑則就而質焉，二<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00246','1726582',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P246</span></i>公皆拜之。<span class="zhuanming">柳仲塗</span><span class="zhuanming">開</span>因曰：「余頃守<span class="zhuanming">維揚</span>，郡堂後菜圃纔陰雨則青燄夕起，觸近則散，何邪？」<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>曰：「此燐</span> <span class="font12 zhu">力振切。</span> <span>火也。兵戰血或牛馬血著土，則凝結爲此氣，雖千載不散。」<span class="zhuanming">柳</span>遽拜之曰：「掘之，皆斷鎗折鏃，乃古戰地也。」因贈以詩，中有「空門今日見<span class="zhuanming">張華</span>」之句。<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>欲知古高僧事，撰<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>十卷進呈。充史館編修，壽八十四。司天監<span class="zhuanming">王處訥</span>推其命孤薄不佳，三命﹑星禽﹑晷禄﹑壬遁俱無壽貴之處，謂<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>曰：「師生時所異者，正得天貴星臨門，必有裂土侯王在户否？」<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>曰：「母氏長謂某曰：『汝生時卧草，<span class="zhuanming">錢文穆王</span><span class="zhuanming">元瓘</span>往<span class="zhuanming">臨安縣</span>拜塋，至門雨作，避於茆檐甚久。殆浣浴襁籍畢，徘徊方去。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="shuming">津逮秘書</span>本）</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">潛説友</span><span class="shuming">咸淳臨安志</span>卷七○<span class="shuming">人物一一</span></span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，受業于<span class="zhuanming">祥符寺</span>，學<span class="zhuanming">南山</span>律，兼通六籍﹑史書﹑<span class="zhuanming">莊</span><span class="zhuanming">老</span>百氏之學。<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>三年十月，<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>奉<span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>塔舍歸，朝見<span class="zhuanming">太宗皇帝</span>于<span class="zhuanming">滋福殿</span>，一日七召對，賜號「通慧大師」。八年秋，詔撰<span class="shuming">大宋高僧傳</span>三十卷。<span class="zhuanming">淳化</span>二年，預史館，集新書。五年，<span class="zhuanming">真宗</span>召對賜坐，以爲右街僧録。三年，遷左街。<span class="zhuanming">崇寧</span>三年，賜號「通慧圓明大師」。<span class="zhuanming">王内翰</span><span class="zhuanming">元之</span>與詩，有「詔修僧史<span class="zhuanming">浙江</span>濱，萬卷書中老一身」之句。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="shuming">文淵閣四庫全書</span>本）</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00247','1726582',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P247</span></i> <span><span class="zhuanming">元</span><span class="zhuanming">念常</span><span class="shuming">佛祖歷代通載</span>卷一八</span> </p><p> <span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>隨<span class="zhuanming">錢王</span>歸明。姓<span class="zhuanming">高氏</span>，其先<span class="zhuanming">渤海</span>人。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">天祐</span>中，生於<span class="zhuanming">吴興</span>之<span class="zhuanming">德清</span><span class="zhuanming">金鵝</span>别墅，出家<span class="zhuanming">杭</span>之<span class="zhuanming">祥符</span>，習<span class="zhuanming">南山</span>律，著述毗尼，時人謂之「律虎」。文學日茂，聲望日隆，<span class="zhuanming">武肅</span>諸王公族咸慕重之，署爲<span class="zhuanming">兩浙</span>僧統，賜號「明義宗文」。<span class="zhuanming">興國</span>三年，<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>聞其名，召對<span class="zhuanming">滋福殿</span>，延問彌日，改賜「通惠」，詔修<span class="shuming">大宋高僧傳</span>三十卷及詔撰<span class="shuming">三教聖賢事迹</span>一百卷。初補左街講經首座，知西京教門事。<span class="zhuanming">咸平</span>初，加右街僧録，又著<span class="shuming">内典集</span>一百五十卷，<span class="shuming">外學集</span>四十九卷。内翰<span class="zhuanming">王禹稱</span>作文集序，極其贊美云。<span class="zhuanming">至道</span>二年示寂，葬<span class="zhuanming">龍井塢</span>焉。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="shuming">大正藏</span>本）</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">元</span><span class="zhuanming">覺岸</span><span class="shuming">釋氏稽古略</span>卷四</span> </p><p> <span>（戊寅<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>三年，<span class="zhuanming">遼</span><span class="zhuanming">乾亨</span>五年）沙門<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>隨<span class="zhuanming">吴越王</span>入朝，帝賜號「通慧大師」，敕住左街<span class="zhuanming">天壽寺</span>，命修僧史。明年詔<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>乘驛，進<span class="zhuanming">明州</span><span class="zhuanming">阿育王山</span><span class="zhuanming">釋迦文佛</span>真身舍利入禁中供養。得舍利一顆，因之以<span class="zhuanming">開寶寺</span>西北闕地造浮圖十一級，下作天宫以葬之。</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="shuming">皇朝事苑</span>。</span> <span><span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>七年十月，敕<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>編修<span class="shuming">大宋高僧傳</span>，聽歸<span class="zhuanming">浙東</span>秉筆。初，<span class="zhuanming">梁武帝</span><span class="zhuanming">天監</span>十八年，<span class="zhuanming">嘉祥寺</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">慧皎</span>作<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>，始<span class="zhuanming">後漢</span><span class="zhuanming">明帝</span><span class="zhuanming">永平</span>十年，至<span class="zhuanming">天監</span>，成十四卷。<span class="zhuanming">唐太宗</span><span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>十九年，<span class="zhuanming">終南山</span><span class="zhuanming">西明寺</span><span class="zhuanming">道宣律師</span>作<span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>，始<span class="zhuanming">天監</span>之來，迄<span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>，成三十卷。<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>作始自<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>二十年，至<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00248','1726582',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P248</span></i>此<span class="zhuanming">端拱</span>元年，成三十卷。用<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>義例，開十科：一﹑譯經科，二﹑慧解科，三﹑禪定科，四﹑戒律科，五﹑護法科，六﹑感通科，七﹑遺身科，八﹑讀誦科，九﹑興福科，十﹑雜科聲德。正傳者五百三十三人，附見者一百三十人。<span class="zhuanming">端拱</span>元年冬十月，遣弟子<span class="zhuanming">顯忠</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">智輪</span>詣闕上表以進。璽書賜帛奬諭，敕入大藏流通。十一月，詔<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>赴闕。<span class="zhuanming">淳化</span>元年，奉旨著<span class="shuming">鷲嶺聖賢録</span>一百卷。<span class="zhuanming">淳化</span>二年，詔<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>充史館編修。</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="shuming">帝王年運詮要</span>。</span> <span><span class="zhuanming">至道</span>二年，詔除<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>掌<span class="zhuanming">洛京</span>教門事。</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="shuming">宋僧傳</span><span class="shuming">後序</span>。</span> <span>戊戌，<span class="zhuanming">真宗</span><span class="zhuanming">咸平</span>元年，詔擢<span class="zhuanming">寧</span><span class="zhuanming">汴京</span>右街僧録，主管教門公事。次年進左街。己亥，<span class="zhuanming">咸平</span>二年春二月，東京左街僧録史館編修主管教門公事<span class="zhuanming">通慧大師</span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>歸寂，壽八十二。三月，葬全身於<span class="zhuanming">天壽寺</span>。己巳，<span class="zhuanming">仁宗</span><span class="zhuanming">天聖</span>七年，<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>曾孫<span class="zhuanming">宗盛</span>啓塔荼毗之，收遺骸舍利，歸葬<span class="zhuanming">錢塘</span>故里。<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>生<span class="zhuanming">杭州</span><span class="zhuanming">臨安縣</span>，<span class="zhuanming">後唐</span><span class="zhuanming">明宗</span><span class="zhuanming">天成</span>中出家<span class="zhuanming">杭州</span><span class="zhuanming">祥符寺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">潞王</span><span class="zhuanming">清泰</span>初，入<span class="zhuanming">天台</span>，具探律部，博通三藏。<span class="zhuanming">吴越</span><span class="zhuanming">忠懿王</span>補<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>兩街僧統，號「明義宗文大師」。所作<span class="shuming">僧史</span>﹑<span class="shuming">僧傳</span>，並行於世。</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="shuming">錢塘塔記</span>。</span> </p><p> <span>又</span> </p><p> <span>庚寅<span class="zhuanming">淳化</span>元年，<span class="zhuanming">遼</span><span class="zhuanming">統和</span>八年，詔參知政事<span class="zhuanming">蘇易簡</span>撰<span class="shuming">三教聖賢事迹</span>。<span class="zhuanming">易簡</span>奏<span class="zhuanming">天壽寺</span><span class="zhuanming">通慧大師</span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，<span class="zhuanming">太乙宫</span>道士<span class="zhuanming">韓德純</span>分領其事。<span class="zhuanming">通慧</span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>著<span class="shuming">鷲嶺聖賢録</span>一百卷。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="shuming">大正藏</span>本）</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00249','1726582',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P249</span></i> <span><span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="zhuanming">田汝成</span><span class="shuming">西湖遊覽志</span>卷四</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，<span class="zhuanming">高氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">德清</span>人，出家<span class="zhuanming">杭州</span><span class="zhuanming">祥符寺</span>。著述毗尼，時人謂之「律虎」，<span class="zhuanming">錢武肅王</span>禮重之。<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">興國</span>初，召對<span class="zhuanming">滋福殿</span>，詔修<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>三十卷。卒謚「圓明」，葬<span class="zhuanming">龍井</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="zhuanming">上海古籍出版社</span>一九八○年版）</span> </p><p> <span>又，<span class="shuming">西湖遊覽志餘</span>卷一四</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>者，<span class="zhuanming">德清</span>人，出家<span class="zhuanming">靈隱寺</span>。讀書强記，辭辯縱横，人莫能屈。<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>初，徵入<span class="zhuanming">汴京</span>，爲僧録。<span class="zhuanming">太祖</span>行香至<span class="zhuanming">相國寺</span>，問曰：「朕見佛，拜是不拜是？」對曰：「現在佛不拜過去佛。」<span class="zhuanming">太祖</span>大喜，遂爲定禮。時有<span class="zhuanming">安鴻漸</span>者，好嘲詠，嘗街行，遇<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>偕數僧，<span class="zhuanming">鴻漸</span>指嘲曰：「<span class="zhuanming">鄭都官</span>不愛之徒，時時作隊。」<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>應聲曰：「<span class="zhuanming">秦始皇</span>未坑之輩，往往成群。」時皆善其捷對。然<span class="zhuanming">鄭谷</span>非不愛僧，但不愛僧官耳，故其詩曰「愛僧不愛紫衣僧」。而<span class="zhuanming">蘇子瞻</span>之贈<span class="zhuanming">慧勤</span>罷僧職也，亦云：「軒軒青田鶴，鬱鬱在樊籠。既爲物所縻，遂與吾輩同。今來始謝去，萬事一笑空。」則僧以官名，誠非出世法也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="zhuanming">上海古籍出版社</span>一九八○年版）</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="zhuanming">張昶</span><span class="shuming">吴中人物志</span>卷一二</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，<span class="zhuanming">吴</span>僧。博物稱于時，<span class="zhuanming">柳如京</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">徐騎省</span>與之游，或就質問難事。<span class="zhuanming">楊文公</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">歐陽公</span>亦<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00250','1726582',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P250</span></i>皆知名。嘗采經傳物類相感者，爲書十卷。又撰<span class="shuming">笋譜</span>二卷。時有<span class="zhuanming">安鴻漸</span>，好嘲謔，遇<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>與數僧偕行，指而言曰：「<span class="zhuanming">鄭都官</span>不愛之徒，時時作隊。」<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>即應聲曰：「<span class="zhuanming">秦始皇</span>未坑之輩，往往成群。」其敏捷如此。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="zhuanming">隆慶</span>四年<span class="zhuanming">張鳳翼</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">張燕翼</span>刻本）</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="zhuanming">王圻</span><span class="shuming">續文獻通考</span>卷二五四<span class="shuming">仙釋考</span></span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">高氏</span>，有文學，洞古博物，著書數百卷，<span class="zhuanming">武肅</span>諸王公族咸重之，署爲<span class="zhuanming">兩浙</span>僧統，賜號「明義宗文」。後隨<span class="zhuanming">俶</span>歸朝，<span class="zhuanming">王元之</span>輩嘗就質疑，<span class="zhuanming">柳仲塗</span>守<span class="zhuanming">維揚</span>，嘗贈以詩，有「空門今日見<span class="zhuanming">張華</span>」之句，<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>朝嘗召入對，改號「通慧」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="zhuanming">萬曆</span>三十年<span class="zhuanming">松江府</span>刻本）</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="zhuanming">徐象梅</span><span class="shuming">兩浙名賢録</span><span class="shuming">外録</span>卷六<span class="shuming">空空</span>「贊寧」條</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，<span class="zhuanming">德清</span>人，姓<span class="zhuanming">高氏</span>，出家<span class="zhuanming">祥符寺</span>。習<span class="zhuanming">南山</span>律宗，著述毗尼，時人謂之「律虎」。<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>初，徵入<span class="zhuanming">汴京</span>爲僧録。<span class="zhuanming">太祖</span>行香，至<span class="zhuanming">相國寺</span>，問曰：「朕見佛拜是不拜是？」對曰：「現在佛不拜過去佛。」<span class="zhuanming">太祖</span>大喜，遂爲定禮。<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>三年，<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>召對<span class="zhuanming">滋福殿</span>，詔修<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>三十卷。又著<span class="shuming">内典集</span>一百五十卷，<span class="shuming">外學集</span>四十九卷。<span class="zhuanming">至道</span>二年示寂，歸骨<span class="zhuanming">龍井塢</span>，謚曰「圓明大師」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="zhuanming">天啓</span>刻本）</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00251','1726582',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P251</span></i> <span><span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="zhuanming">吴之鯨</span><span class="shuming">武林梵志</span>卷一○</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">宋</span>僧統<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>法師，姓<span class="zhuanming">高氏</span>，其先世<span class="zhuanming">渤海</span>人，<span class="zhuanming">天祐</span>中，師生於<span class="zhuanming">吴興郡</span>之<span class="zhuanming">德清</span><span class="zhuanming">金鵝</span>别墅，出家<span class="zhuanming">杭</span>之<span class="zhuanming">祥符</span>。習<span class="zhuanming">南山</span>律宗，著述毗尼，時人謂之「律虎」。文學日茂，聲望日隆，<span class="zhuanming">武肅</span>諸王公族咸慕重之，署爲<span class="zhuanming">兩浙</span>僧統，賜號「明義宗文」。<span class="zhuanming">興國</span>三年，<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>聞其名，詔對<span class="zhuanming">滋福殿</span>，延問彌日，改賜「通慧」，詔修<span class="shuming">大宋高僧傳</span>三十卷，又詔撰<span class="shuming">三教聖賢事</span>一百卷。初，補左街講經首座，知西京教門事，<span class="zhuanming">咸平</span>初，加右街僧録。師又著<span class="shuming">内典集</span>一百五十卷，<span class="shuming">外學集</span>四十九卷。内翰<span class="zhuanming">王禹偁</span>作文集序，極其贊美。又有書稱其文辭，末云「所謂時雨降矣，日月出矣，灌溉爝火，復何爲哉？」<span class="zhuanming">至道</span>二年示寂，葬<span class="zhuanming">龍井塢</span>。<span class="zhuanming">崇寧</span>四年，加謚「圓明」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="shuming">文淵閣四庫全書</span>本）</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="zhuanming">董斯張</span>等<span class="shuming">吴興藝文補</span>卷一三<span class="zhuanming">王禹偁</span><span class="shuming">與釋贊寧書</span></span> </p><p> <span>累日前蒙惠顧謏才，辱借通論，日殆三復，未詳指歸，徒觀其滌<span class="shuming">繁露</span>之瑕，劘<span class="shuming">論衡</span>之玷，眼瞭<span class="shuming">獨斷</span>之瞽，鍼砭<span class="shuming">正俗</span>之疹。折<span class="zhuanming">子玄</span>之邪説，泯<span class="zhuanming">朱頴</span>之巧言，逐<span class="zhuanming">光庭</span>若摧枯，排<span class="zhuanming">孫卻</span>似圖蔓。使聖人之道，無傷於明夷；儒家者流，不至於迷復。然則師胡爲而來哉？得非天祚素王，而假手於我師者歟？</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="zhuanming">崇禎</span>六年刻本）</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00252','1726582',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P252</span></i> <span><span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="zhuanming">潘永因</span><span class="shuming">宋稗類鈔</span>卷一九<span class="shuming">博識第三十二</span></span> </p><p> <span>僧録<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，洞古博物，著書數百卷，<span class="zhuanming">王元之</span><span class="zhuanming">禹偁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">徐騎省</span><span class="zhuanming">鉉</span>有疑則就而質焉，二公皆拜之。<span class="zhuanming">柳仲塗</span><span class="zhuanming">開</span>因曰：「余頃守<span class="zhuanming">維揚</span>，郡堂後菜圃纔陰雨則青，燄夕起，觸近則散，何也？」<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>曰：「此燐火也。兵戰血或牛馬血著土，則凝結爲此氣，雖千載不散。」<span class="zhuanming">柳</span>遽拜之，曰：「掘之，皆斷鎗折鏃，乃古戰地也。」因贈以詩，中有「空門今日見<span class="zhuanming">張華</span>」之句。</span> </p><p> <span>又，卷二四<span class="shuming">詆毁第四十一</span></span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">吴</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，頗讀儒書，博覽强記，而辭辨縱横，人莫能屈。時有<span class="zhuanming">安鴻漸</span>者，文辭雋敏，尤好嘲咏。嘗街行，遇<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>與數僧相隨。<span class="zhuanming">鴻漸</span>指而嘲曰：「<span class="zhuanming">鄭都官</span>不愛之徒，時時作隊。」<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>應聲答曰：「<span class="zhuanming">秦始皇</span>未坑之輩，往往成群。」時皆善其捷對。<span class="zhuanming">鴻漸</span>所道，乃<span class="zhuanming">鄭谷</span>詩云「愛僧不愛紫衣僧」也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="shuming">文淵閣四庫全書</span>本）</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="zhuanming">吴任臣</span><span class="shuming">十國春秋</span>卷八九<span class="shuming">吴越十三</span><span class="shuming">僧贊寧</span></span> </p><p> <span>僧<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，本姓<span class="zhuanming">高氏</span>，其先<span class="zhuanming">渤海</span>人，<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>末徙居<span class="zhuanming">德清縣</span>。祖<span class="zhuanming">琄</span>﹑父<span class="zhuanming">審</span>，皆隱德不仕。<span class="zhuanming">寶正</span>中，捨身<span class="zhuanming">杭州</span><span class="zhuanming">靈隱寺</span>爲僧。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">一云出家<span class="zhuanming">祥符寺</span>。</span> <span>已而入<span class="zhuanming">天台山</span>受具足戒，習<span class="shuming">四分律</span>，通<span class="zhuanming">南山</span>律，著述毗尼，時人謂之「律虎」。</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">王禹偁</span><span class="shuming">通慧大師文集序</span>云：<span class="zhuanming">文穆王</span>時，大師聲望日隆，文學益茂。時<span class="zhuanming">錢氏</span>公族<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00253','1726582',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P253</span></i>有若<span class="zhuanming">忠懿王</span><span class="zhuanming">俶</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宣德</span>節度使<span class="zhuanming">偡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">奉國</span>節度使<span class="zhuanming">億</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">越州</span>刺史<span class="zhuanming">儀</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">令州</span>觀察使<span class="zhuanming">儼</span>﹑故工部侍郎<span class="zhuanming">昱</span>與大師以文義切磋。時<span class="zhuanming">浙</span>中士大夫有若衛尉卿<span class="zhuanming">崔仁冀</span>﹑工部侍郎<span class="zhuanming">慎知禮</span>﹑内侍致仕<span class="zhuanming">楊惲</span>與大師以詩什倡和。又得文格於<span class="zhuanming">光文大師</span><span class="zhuanming">彙征</span>，受詩訣於前進士<span class="zhuanming">龔霖</span>，由是大爲流輩所推。時<span class="zhuanming">錢塘</span>名僧有若<span class="zhuanming">契凝</span>者，通名數一支，謂之「論虎」；<span class="zhuanming">常從義</span>者，文章俊健，謂之「文虎」；大師多毗尼著述，謂之「律虎」，故時稱四虎焉。</span> <span>遂署監壇。又爲<span class="zhuanming">兩浙</span>僧統。是時江潮或溢出石塘，<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>與<span class="zhuanming">延壽</span>建塔於江干鎮之，</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">小麥嶺</span>有<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>塔。</span> <span>潮由是復循故道。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>三年，<span class="zhuanming">忠懿王</span>入<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>，<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>奉舍利真身塔以朝。<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>聞其名，召對<span class="zhuanming">滋福殿</span>，賜紫方袍，尋賜號曰「通慧」。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">時<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>帝常幸<span class="zhuanming">相國寺</span>，問<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>曰：「朕見佛當拜乎？」對曰：「現在佛不拜過去佛。」<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>帝大喜，遂爲定禮。</span> <span>命充翰林史館編修，纂<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>三十卷，<span class="shuming">内典集</span>一百五十卷，<span class="shuming">外學集</span>四十九卷，聽歸<span class="zhuanming">杭州</span>舊寺。居無何，徵入<span class="zhuanming">汴京</span>，住<span class="zhuanming">天壽寺</span>。參知政事<span class="zhuanming">蘇易簡</span>奉詔撰<span class="shuming">三教事迹</span>，奏<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>與<span class="zhuanming">太乙宫</span>道士<span class="zhuanming">韓德純</span>分領其事，制署左街講經首座。<span class="zhuanming">至道</span>元年，知西京教門事。<span class="zhuanming">咸平</span>元年，充右街僧録。年八十餘卒，謚曰「圓明大師」，葬<span class="zhuanming">龍井</span>。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>博物多識，辨説縱横。<span class="zhuanming">徐鉉</span>仕<span class="zhuanming">江南</span>日，常襆被入直<span class="zhuanming">澄心堂，</span>至<span class="zhuanming">飛虹橋</span>，馬輒不進，裂鞍斷轡，掣韁却立。<span class="zhuanming">鉉</span>遣信諮<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>曰：「下有海馬骨，水火俱不能毁，惟漚以腐糟隨毁者是也。」斸土，果得巨獸骨若段柱然。積薪焚，三日不動。以腐糟漚之，遂爛焉。<span class="zhuanming">徐知諤</span>得繪牛一軸，晝則嚙草欄外，夜則歸卧欄中。持以獻<span class="zhuanming">江南</span><span class="zhuanming">後主</span>，<span class="zhuanming">後主</span>馳驛貢<span class="zhuanming">宋太宗</span>。<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00254','1726582',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P254</span></i>群臣無能辨其理者，<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>曰：「南<span class="zhuanming">倭</span>海水或減，則灘磧微露，<span class="zhuanming">倭</span>人拾方諸蚌，腊中有餘淚，和色著物，則晝隱而夜顯。<span class="zhuanming">沃焦山</span>或風橈飄擊，有石落海岸，得之滴水磨色染物，則晝明而夜晦。此二形，殆二物所繪也。」群臣以爲無稽，<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>曰：「事載<span class="zhuanming">張騫</span><span class="shuming">海水異物記</span>，公等特未見耳。」後<span class="zhuanming">杜鎬</span>撿<span class="shuming">三館書目</span>，果於<span class="zhuanming">六朝</span>舊本得之。<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>又著<span class="shuming">通論</span>，有<span class="shuming">駁董仲舒</span>﹑<span class="shuming">難王充</span>﹑<span class="shuming">斥顔師古</span>﹑<span class="shuming">證蔡邕</span>﹑<span class="shuming">非史通</span>等説，及<span class="shuming">筍譜</span>﹑<span class="shuming">物類相感志</span>諸書，<span class="zhuanming">王禹偁</span>深歎服之。年七十八，與<span class="zhuanming">至道</span>九老會。<span class="zhuanming">王處訥</span>常推其禄命，曰：「師病孤貧，法無貴壽，喜生時正得天貴臨門。」<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>曰：「母謂我生時，<span class="zhuanming">武肅王</span>往<span class="zhuanming">衣錦軍</span>拜塋，過門雨作，駐於茅簷甚久，此其應也。」</span> <span class="font12 zhu">按<span class="zhuanming">王禹偁</span><span class="shuming">序</span>云：「母<span class="zhuanming">周氏</span>以<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">貞明</span>七年己卯生師於<span class="zhuanming">金鵝山</span>别墅。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="shuming">文淵閣四庫全書</span>本）</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="zhuanming">彭元瑞</span><span class="shuming">宋四六話</span>卷七<span class="shuming">啓</span></span> <span class="font12 zhu">出<span class="shuming">儒林公議</span></span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">吴處厚</span>曰：近世<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>子，多務於吟詠。惟國初<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，獨以著書立言，尊崇儒術爲事，極爲<span class="zhuanming">王禹偁</span>所激賞，與之書曰：使聖人之道，無傷於明夷，儒家者流，不至於迷復。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（據<span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="shuming">海山仙館叢書</span>本）</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
二
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137929" key="1137929"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 前言 &gt; 二 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137930" key="1137930"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00003','1726501',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P3</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000004">二</p><p> <span><span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>撰著的具體年代，並没有確切的記載。<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>在此書的序言中説：</span> </p><p> <span>以<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>初，疊奉詔旨，<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>外，别修僧史。及進<span class="zhuanming">育王</span>塔，乘馹到闕，敕居<span class="zhuanming">東寺</span>，披覽多暇，遂樹立門題，搜求事類，始乎佛生，教法流衍，至于三寶住持，諸務事始，一皆隱括，約成三卷，號<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>焉，蓋取<span class="zhuanming">裴子野</span><span class="shuming">宋略</span>爲目。</span> </p><p> <span>此書的編撰，當始自於<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>初年「進<span class="zhuanming">育王</span>塔」，「敕居<span class="zhuanming">東寺</span>」之後。<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷二三<span class="shuming">遺身篇</span>曰：「我聖上踐祚之四載，<span class="zhuanming">兩浙</span>進<span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>盛<span class="zhuanming">釋迦佛</span>舍利塔。初於<span class="zhuanming">滋福殿</span>供養，後迎入内道場，屢現奇瑞。」<span class="shuming">釋氏稽古略</span>卷四據<span class="shuming">皇朝事苑</span>亦曰，<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>三年，「沙門<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>隨<span class="zhuanming">吴越王</span>入朝，帝賜號<span class="zhuanming">通慧大師</span>，敕住左街<span class="zhuanming">天壽寺</span>，命修僧史。明年，詔<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>乘驛，進<span class="zhuanming">明州</span><span class="zhuanming">阿育王山</span><span class="zhuanming">釋迦文佛</span>真身舍利，入禁中供養，得舍利一顆，因之以<span class="zhuanming">開寶寺</span>西北闕地造浮圖十一級，下作天宫以葬之」。則「命修僧史」，在<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>三年（九七八），<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>開始撰著<span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>，在<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>四年（九七九）。撰成的時間，諸説不同，<span class="zhuanming">蘇晋仁</span>先生推測爲<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>七年（九八二）<a class="zhuhao" href="#24" id="9">〔九〕</a>，是最爲合理的<a class="zhuhao" href="#25" id="10">〔一○〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">咸平</span>二年（九九九），<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>對之「重更修理」，我們現在<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00004','1726501',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P4</span></i>見到的<span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>，就是其<span class="zhuanming">咸平</span>二年重新修訂之後的本子。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>在列舉卷上條目之後，説：「所立僅六十門，止删取集傳，并録所聞，以明佛法東傳以來百事之始。」然現在所見諸本，皆僅五十九門。對此，後人亦有各種不同的解釋。或認爲六十門當是五十九門之誤<a class="zhuhao" href="#26" id="11">〔一一〕</a>；或認爲六十門不誤，然「總論」條亦不應在門目之内，所缺二門者，可能是今本門目所收附見條目中的某二條<a class="zhuhao" href="#27" id="12">〔一二〕</a>；或認爲卷首<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>自序亦是一門，總爲六十門<a class="zhuhao" href="#28" id="13">〔一三〕</a>。三種説法，都屬推測。惟五十九雖與六十緊密相連，然五十九門誤爲六十門者，於情於理皆不可通；自序若爲一門，則「所立僅六十門」之説，恐不會在所列卷上條目之後，且以自序爲一門，亦不合常規。故三説之中，第二説庶幾近之<a class="zhuhao" href="#29" id="14">〔一四〕</a>。但因没有版本依據，祇能見仁見智，故對此問題，目前宜存而不論。值得慶幸的是，無論五十九門還是六十門，今所見<span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>爲完本，則無争議。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>旨在「明佛法東傳以來百事之始」，具體所論，既有「佛降生年代」﹑「僧入<span class="zhuanming">震旦</span>」﹑「經像東傳」等佛教傳入<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>方面的重要事迹，也有「譯經」﹑「<span class="zhuanming">東夏</span>出家」﹑「立壇得戒」等佛教在<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>發展方面的問題；既有「行香唱導」﹑「讚唄之由」等佛教儀軌之衍變，也有「立僧正」﹑「僧統」等佛教僧官制度之變遷；既有「賜夏臘」﹑「菩薩僧」等世俗王權對佛教的管理與影響，也有「城闍天王」﹑「上元放燈」等佛教對傳統世俗社會的影響。「佛法事<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00005','1726501',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P5</span></i>理，來歷紀綱」<a class="zhuhao" href="#30" id="15">〔一五〕</a>，取此書而盡知矣。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
左右街僧録
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv77464" key="77464"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 左右街僧録 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137932" key="1137932"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00103','1726545',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P103</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000088">左右街僧録<span class="font12 zhu">左右街自起，置功德使所屬。及置僧録，還用左右街也。僧置録以録之，功德又各轄焉。</span></p><p> <span>自<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>有天下，初則佛法萎遲，蓋<span class="zhuanming">李</span>教勃興，物無兩大故也。<span class="zhuanming">傅奕</span>上疏，條<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>之愆<a class="zhuhao" href="#691" id="671">〔一〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">神堯</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#692" id="672">〔二〕</a>不無其惑。次巡幸<span class="zhuanming">東洛</span>，<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>詔令僧尼班于道後<a class="zhuhao" href="#693" id="673">〔三〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">高宗</span>御極，議欲令拜君親<a class="zhuhao" href="#694" id="674">〔四〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">則天</span>歸心<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>門，還令僧班道上<a class="zhuhao" href="#695" id="675">〔五〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">中</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>之世，微更發揮。<span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span>之朝，一往崇道，僧寺止立三綱而已，昭玄統正革而不沿，僧務官方沈而弗舉，<span class="zhuanming">道宣律師</span>被敕爲<span class="zhuanming">西明寺</span>上座<a class="zhuhao" href="#696" id="676">〔六〕</a>，即其例也。至<span class="zhuanming">文宗</span><span class="zhuanming">開成</span>中，始立左右街僧録。尋其人，即<span class="zhuanming">端甫法師</span>也。俗姓<span class="zhuanming">趙</span>，<span class="zhuanming">德宗</span>召入禁中，與儒道論議，賜紫方袍，令侍太子於東朝。<span class="zhuanming">順宗</span>重之若兄弟，相與卧起，恩禮特深。<span class="zhuanming">憲宗</span>數幸<a class="zhuhao" href="#697" id="677">〔七〕</a>其院，待之若賓友。掌内殿法儀，録左街僧事，標表浄衆一十年，即<span class="zhuanming">元和</span>中也。由此觀之，僧録之起，自<span class="zhuanming">端甫</span>也<a class="zhuhao" href="#698" id="678">〔八〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">甫公</span><span class="zhuanming">文宗</span><span class="zhuanming">開成</span>中卒。<span class="zhuanming">開成</span>後，則<span class="zhuanming">雲端</span>爲僧録也<a class="zhuhao" href="#699" id="679">〔九〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">端公</span>奉敕旨，欲芟夷<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，先下詔曰：有佛教來，自古迄今，興廢有何徵應？仰兩街僧録與諸三學僧録其事目進上。咸<a class="zhuhao" href="#700" id="680">〔一○〕</a>推<span class="zhuanming">法寶大師</span><span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span>序述編次，<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>遂撰<span class="shuming">三寶五運圖</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#701" id="681">〔一一〕</a>，明佛法傳行年代，若<span class="zhuanming">費長房</span><span class="shuming">開皇三寶録</span>同也。次則<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>朝，<span class="zhuanming">靈晏</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#702" id="682">〔一二〕</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">辯章</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#703" id="683">〔一三〕</a>爲<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00104','1726545',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P104</span></i>僧録，同奏請<span class="shuming">千鉢大教王經</span>入藏。</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">章</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">晏</span>二公受僧録，見<span class="shuming">五運圖</span>。</span> <span><span class="zhuanming">大中</span>八年，詔修廢<span class="zhuanming">總持寺</span>，敕三教首座<span class="zhuanming">辯章</span>專勾當修寺<a class="zhuhao" href="#704" id="684">〔一四〕</a>，護軍中尉驃騎<span class="zhuanming">王元宥</span>宣<span class="zhuanming">章公</span>由首座充左街僧録，次<span class="zhuanming">浄光大師</span><span class="zhuanming">僧徹</span>充右街僧録<a class="zhuhao" href="#705" id="685">〔一五〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">懿宗</span><span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>十二年十一月十四日延慶節，兩街僧道赴<span class="zhuanming">麟德殿</span>講論，右街僧録<span class="zhuanming">彦楚</span>賜<span class="zhuanming">明徹大師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#706" id="686">〔一六〕</a>，左街僧録<span class="zhuanming">清蘭</span>賜<span class="zhuanming">慧照大師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#707" id="687">〔一七〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">僖宗</span>朝，則有<span class="zhuanming">覺暉</span>爲僧録焉<a class="zhuhao" href="#708" id="688">〔一八〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">中和</span><span class="zhuanming">巢</span>寇犯闕，時僧録<span class="zhuanming">雲皓</span>與道門威儀<span class="zhuanming">杜光庭</span>執香罏案等，隨駕蒼黄穿襪行，至<span class="zhuanming">武功</span>，脚皆創疼<a class="zhuhao" href="#709" id="689">〔一九〕</a>。及收復京師隨迴，方署録職，莫知于時。僧道引駕儀式，持香案何耶？所言録者，有<span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">宋</span>録，録其經法傍教傳翻譯人物等事。故<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>詔曰「近得録公等表」<a class="zhuhao" href="#710" id="690">〔二○〕</a>，録公乃是僧曹總録，猶言録事也。<span class="zhuanming">僞秦</span>始立僧正，則以<span class="zhuanming">法欽</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧斌</span>二人掌僧録也。有<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>變態，正乃錯諸，録則用矣，蓋禮樂自天子出也。時既所高，物無我競，任使<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>統如草，<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>正若林，皆歸<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>録區宇中矣。譬若尚賢尚齒，屬尚賢之代，齒何用乎？尚白尚青，當尚白之君，青勿先也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#671" id="691">〔一〕</a>見<span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷七九<span class="shuming">傅奕傳</span>。又<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷一一<span class="shuming">太史令朝散大夫臣傅奕上減省寺塔廢僧尼事十有一條</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#672" id="692">〔二〕</a>神堯：指<span class="zhuanming">唐高祖</span><span class="zhuanming">李淵</span>。<span class="zhuanming">唐高宗</span><span class="zhuanming">上元</span>元年，改上尊號<span class="zhuanming">神堯皇帝</span>。<span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>十三年，上尊號<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00105','1726545',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P105</span></i><span class="zhuanming">神堯大聖大光孝皇帝</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#673" id="693">〔三〕</a><span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>十一年，<span class="zhuanming">唐太宗</span>頒<span class="shuming">令道士在僧前詔</span>，見<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷二五。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#674" id="694">〔四〕</a>見<span class="shuming">命有司議沙門等致拜君親敕</span>，收於<span class="shuming">全唐文</span>卷一四。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#675" id="695">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷六<span class="shuming">則天皇后紀</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">天授</span>二年）夏四月，令<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>教在道法之上，僧尼處道士女冠之前。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#676" id="696">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一四<span class="shuming">唐京兆西明寺道宣傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋道宣</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">錢氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">丹徒</span>人也。一云<span class="zhuanming">長城</span>人。」「及<span class="zhuanming">西明寺</span>初就，詔<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>充上座。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#677" id="697">〔七〕</a>幸：底本作「辛」，從餘諸本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#678" id="698">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">唐京師大安國寺端甫傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋端甫</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">趙氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">天水</span>人也。……<span class="zhuanming">德宗皇帝</span>聞其名，徵之，一見大悦，常出入禁中，與儒道議論，賜紫方袍。歲時錫施，異於他等，復詔侍皇太子於東朝。<span class="zhuanming">順宗皇帝</span>深仰其風，親之若昆弟。相與卧起，恩禮特隆。<span class="zhuanming">憲宗皇帝</span>數幸其寺，待之若賓友。常承顧問，注納偏厚。……掌内殿法儀，録左街僧事，以標表浄衆者，凡一十年。……以<span class="zhuanming">開成</span>元年六月一日，西向右脅而滅。」按：<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四一：「<span class="zhuanming">元和</span>元年，敕沙門<span class="zhuanming">端甫</span>録左街僧事，掌内殿法儀。沙門<span class="zhuanming">靈邃</span>録右街僧事。」注曰：「僧録始於<span class="zhuanming">姚秦</span><span class="zhuanming">法欽師</span>。」<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">釋僧䂮傳</span>：「大法東遷，於今爲盛。僧尼已多，應須綱領，宣授遠規，以濟頽緒。<span class="zhuanming">僧䂮法師</span>學優早年，德芳暮齒，可爲國内僧主。<span class="zhuanming">僧遷法師</span>禪慧兼修，即爲悦<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00106','1726545',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P106</span></i>衆。<span class="zhuanming">法欽</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧斌</span>，共掌僧録。」<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>非不知此也，然<span class="zhuanming">姚秦</span>之僧録，與<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>之左右街僧録名雖同而實大異：其職掌，<span class="shuming">北山録</span>卷八<span class="shuming">住持行</span>「<span class="zhuanming">法欽</span><span class="zhuanming">慧斌</span>掌僧録」句<span class="zhuanming">慧寶</span>注曰：「主簿書，若今僧判也。」不同于<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>時所設之僧録（參此條末論。又<span class="zhuanming">圓仁</span><span class="shuming">入唐求法巡禮行記</span>卷一「<span class="zhuanming">開成</span>四年正月十八日」條：「凡此<span class="zhuanming">唐國</span>有僧録﹑僧正﹑監寺三種色。僧録統領天下諸寺，整理佛法。」）；其地位，在僧正﹑悦衆之下，亦不同於<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>時所設之僧録。故<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>以<span class="zhuanming">端甫</span>爲僧録之始也，簡言之，即此條所論「左右街僧録」之始也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#679" id="699">〔九〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二：「<span class="zhuanming">開成</span>元年正月，左街僧録内供奉三教談論引駕大師<span class="zhuanming">悟達法師</span><span class="zhuanming">端甫</span>右脅而滅，荼毗，得舍利三百粒。師表率清衆，十有一年。弟子傳業者千餘人。史館修撰<span class="zhuanming">裴休</span>撰碑銘。」「敕沙門<span class="zhuanming">雲端</span>充左右街僧録。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#680" id="700">〔一○〕</a>咸：底本作「成」，據校記及<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#681" id="701">〔一一〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一七<span class="shuming">唐京兆福壽寺玄暢傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋玄暢</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">申之</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">陳氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宣城</span>人也。……自入京華，漸萌頭角，受京城三學大德，益廣見聞。方事講談，遽鐘堙厄，則<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>廢教矣。時京城法侣，頗甚徬徨。兩街僧録<span class="zhuanming">靈宴</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">辯章</span>同推<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>爲首，上表論諫。遂著<span class="shuming">歷代帝王録</span>，奏而弗聽，由是例從俗服，寧弛道情，龍蛇伏蟄而待時，玉石同焚而莫救。殆夫<span class="zhuanming">武皇</span>厭代，<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>在天，壞户重開，炎崗息熾。<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>於<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>中，凡遇誕辰，入内談論，即賜紫袈裟，充内外臨壇大德。<span class="zhuanming">懿宗</span>欽其宿德，蕃錫屢臻。乃奏修<span class="shuming">加懺悔一萬五千佛名經</span>，又奏請<span class="shuming">本生心地觀<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00107','1726545',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P107</span></i>經</span>一部八卷，皆入藏。<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>時充<span class="zhuanming">追福院</span>首領，又充<span class="zhuanming">總持寺</span>都維那，尋署上座。<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>講律六十座，度法者數千人，撰<span class="shuming">顯正記</span>一十卷﹑<span class="shuming">科六帖名義圖</span>三卷﹑<span class="shuming">三寶五運</span>三卷。雖祖述舊聞，標題新目，義出意表，文濟時須。」<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二<span class="shuming">法運通塞志十七之九</span>：<span class="zhuanming">唐武宗</span>「<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>三年，上欲芟夷<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，詔令兩街述有佛以來興廢之際有何徵應，<span class="zhuanming">法寶大師</span><span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span>撰<span class="shuming">三寶五運圖</span>以上。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#682" id="702">〔一二〕</a><span class="zhuanming">彦楚</span>述<span class="shuming">大唐崇福寺故僧録靈晏墓誌並序</span>云：「右街故賜紫僧録諱<span class="zhuanming">靈晏</span>，生聖明之代，紹<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>之教，姓氏<span class="zhuanming">南陽</span>也，祖<span class="zhuanming">曜</span>，父<span class="zhuanming">鉷</span>，並樂道雲林，高尚其志，吟詠風月，事罔能拘。」「<span class="zhuanming">貞元</span>十四年，圓大戒品於<span class="zhuanming">崇聖寺</span>靈壇矣。首自<span class="zhuanming">憲宗</span>，達於<span class="zhuanming">大和</span>，獻壽累朝，每悦天思。其年<span class="zhuanming">法門寺</span>佛中指節骨出見，輔翼迎送，人望所推。<span class="zhuanming">開成</span>五祀，護軍中尉擢才奏聞，録右街僧務兼紀綱寺宇，條而不紊。洎乎大教暫微，堅志無替，再啓玄理，又録緇徒，重賜紫衣，兩任其首。」「以<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>十年歲次丙子庚子之月廿九日寅時自累雙足，奄然而逝。」見<span class="shuming">隋唐五代墓誌彙編</span><span class="shuming">陝西卷</span>，第四册。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#683" id="703">〔一三〕</a>辯章：參下「講經論首座」條注二。又，<span class="zhuanming">敦煌</span>遺書<span class="zhuanming">伯</span>三七二○寫卷，有<span class="shuming">右街千福寺三教首座入内講論賜紫大德辯章讚講詞</span>一首，爲<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>五年與赴京入奏的<span class="zhuanming">沙州</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">悟真</span>的酬贈詩，由詩題大略可見其概貌。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#684" id="704">〔一四〕</a>參下「講經論首座」條注二。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00108','1726545',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P108</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#685" id="705">〔一五〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">唐京兆大安國寺僧徹傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋僧徹</span>，不知何許人也。……初居<span class="zhuanming">法乾内寺</span>，師資角立，聲彩風行，凡百官寮，無不奉仰率由。<span class="zhuanming">徹</span>内外兼學，辭筆特高，唱予和汝，同氣相求。尋充左右街應制，每屬誕辰，升<span class="zhuanming">麟德殿</span>法座講談，敕賜紫袈裟。<span class="zhuanming">懿宗皇帝</span>留心<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，頗異前朝。遇八齋日，必内中飯僧數盈萬計。帝因法集，躬爲讚唄，<span class="zhuanming">徹</span>則升臺朗詠，寵錫繁博，敕造栴檀木講座以賜之。又敕兩街四寺行方等懺法，戒壇度僧各三七日。别宣僧尼大德二十人，入<span class="zhuanming">咸泰殿</span>置壇度内。<span class="zhuanming">福壽寺</span>尼繕寫大藏經，每藏計五千四百六十一卷，雕造真檀像一千軀，皆委<span class="zhuanming">徹</span>檢校焉。以十一月十四日延慶節，<span class="zhuanming">麟德殿</span>召京城僧道赴内講論，爾日<span class="zhuanming">徹</span>述皇猷，辭辯瀏亮，帝深稱許。而又恢張佛理，旁懾黄冠，可謂折衝異論者，當時號爲『法將』。帝悦，敕賜號曰<span class="zhuanming">浄光大師</span>，<span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>十一年也，續録兩街僧事。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#686" id="706">〔一六〕</a>彦楚：<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>十一年撰有<span class="shuming">大唐崇福寺故僧録靈晏墓誌並序</span>，署「弟子内供奉講論兼應制引駕大德彦楚述」，見<span class="shuming">隋唐五代墓誌彙編</span><span class="shuming">陝西卷</span>，第四册。<span class="zhuanming">敦煌</span>遺書<span class="zhuanming">伯</span>三七二○﹑<span class="zhuanming">伯</span>三八八六﹑<span class="zhuanming">斯</span>四六五四寫卷，有其<span class="shuming">五言述瓜沙州僧獻款詩</span>一首，署曰「右街崇先寺内講論兼應制大德彦楚」，爲<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>五年與赴京入奏的<span class="zhuanming">沙州</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">悟真</span>的酬贈詩。<span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>十四年三月參與護送佛舍利至<span class="zhuanming">法門寺</span>，見<span class="shuming">大唐咸通啓送岐陽真身志文</span>（一九八七年<span class="zhuanming">法門寺</span>出土）：「（<span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>）十四年三月二十二日，詔供奉官<span class="zhuanming">李奉建</span>﹑高品<span class="zhuanming">彭延魯</span>﹑庫家<span class="zhuanming">齊詢敬</span>﹑承旨<span class="zhuanming">萬魯文</span>，與左右街僧録<span class="zhuanming">清瀾</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">彦楚</span>，首座<span class="zhuanming">僧澈</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">惟應</span>，大師<span class="zhuanming">重謙</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">雲顥</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧暉</span>等，同嚴香火，虔請真身。」後「乃詔<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00109','1726545',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P109</span></i>東頭高品<span class="zhuanming">孫克政</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">齊詢敬</span>，庫家<span class="zhuanming">劉處宏</span>，承旨<span class="zhuanming">劉繼同</span>，西頭高品<span class="zhuanming">彭延魯</span>，内養<span class="zhuanming">馮金璋</span>，與左右僧録<span class="zhuanming">清瀾</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">彦楚</span>，首座<span class="zhuanming">僧澈</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">惟應</span>，大師<span class="zhuanming">清簡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">雲顥</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧暉</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">可孚</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">懷敬</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">從建</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">文楚</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">文會</span>，大德<span class="zhuanming">會真</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">志柔</span>等，以十二月十九日自京都護送真身來本寺。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#687" id="707">〔一七〕</a>清蘭：亦參與了迎接佛指舍利從<span class="zhuanming">法門寺</span>到<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>﹑又護送回<span class="zhuanming">法門寺</span>的盛事，參上注。又，<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二：「（<span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>十一年）十一月延慶節，敕兩街入<span class="zhuanming">麟德殿</span>講論佛法，賜左街僧録<span class="zhuanming">清蘭</span><span class="zhuanming">慧照大師</span>，右街僧録<span class="zhuanming">彦楚</span><span class="zhuanming">明徹大師</span>。」與<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>「十二年」不同。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#688" id="708">〔一八〕</a>覺暉：據<span class="shuming">佛祖歷代通載</span>卷一七，<span class="zhuanming">覺暉</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">僧徹</span>弟子，<span class="zhuanming">僧徹</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">知玄</span>弟子，「俱有重名，三世爲僧統」。參下「僧主副員」條及注六。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#689" id="709">〔一九〕</a>雲皓：疑即<span class="zhuanming">雲顥</span>。<span class="zhuanming">雲顥</span>，參見下「賜師號」條注六。按：<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">唐京兆大安國寺僧徹傳</span>：「以<span class="zhuanming">廣明</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">巢</span>寇犯闕，<span class="zhuanming">僖宗</span>幸<span class="zhuanming">蜀</span>。其夕<span class="zhuanming">徹</span>内宿，明日，倉黄與<span class="zhuanming">杜光庭</span>先生扈從入於<span class="zhuanming">岷</span><span class="zhuanming">峨</span>。」<span class="zhuanming">雲皓</span>亦當是與<span class="zhuanming">僧徹</span>一起的扈從者。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#690" id="710">〔二○〕</a>見<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷二四<span class="zhuanming">北魏</span><span class="zhuanming">孝文帝</span><span class="shuming">以僧顯爲沙門都統詔</span>。參「沙門都統」條注一。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
一
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137935" key="1137935"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 前言 &gt; 一 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137936" key="1137936"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00001','1726500',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P1</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000003">一</p><p> <span><span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>的著者<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，是<span class="zhuanming">有宋</span>一代佛教史學領域極有建樹的高僧。<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">王禹偁</span><span class="shuming">小畜集</span>卷二○<span class="shuming">左街僧録通惠大師文集序</span>，對其生平有較爲全面的叙述，今以之爲本，參酌他書，簡要介紹如次：</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>俗姓<span class="zhuanming">高氏</span>，其先<span class="zhuanming">渤海</span>人，<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>末徙居<span class="zhuanming">吴興郡</span>之<span class="zhuanming">德清縣</span>（今屬<span class="zhuanming">浙江</span>）。<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>生於<span class="zhuanming">後梁</span><span class="zhuanming">貞明</span>五年（九一九），<span class="zhuanming">後唐</span><span class="zhuanming">天成</span>（九二六—九二九）中出家，<span class="zhuanming">清泰</span>（九三四—九三六）初，入<span class="zhuanming">天台山</span>，受具足戒，習<span class="shuming">四分律</span>。後聲望日隆，文學益茂，和<span class="zhuanming">吴越國</span>很多王公貴族以文義切磋，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00002','1726500',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P2</span></i>和<span class="zhuanming">浙中</span>很多士大夫以詩什唱和，大爲流輩所推服。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>多毗尼著述，時謂之「律虎」。曾任<span class="zhuanming">吴越國</span>監壇，又爲<span class="zhuanming">兩浙</span>僧統，歷數十年，像法修明，緇徒整戢。<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>三年（九七八），<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>隨<span class="zhuanming">忠懿王</span><span class="zhuanming">錢俶</span>歸<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋太宗</span>素聞其名，召對<span class="zhuanming">滋福殿</span>，延問彌日，别賜紫方袍，尋改師號曰「通惠」，「除翰林，與學士<span class="zhuanming">陶穀</span>同列」<a class="zhuhao" href="#16" id="1">〔一〕</a>。四年（九七九），奉詔迎取真身舍利塔入朝。<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>與故相<span class="zhuanming">盧多遜</span>﹑參知政事<span class="zhuanming">李穆</span>等人交往密切，<span class="zhuanming">盧</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">李</span>諸人，事之恭謹。八年（九八三），詔修<span class="shuming">大宋高僧傳</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#17" id="2">〔二〕</a>，聽歸<span class="zhuanming">杭州</span>舊寺，成三十卷。進御之日，璽書褒美。居無何，徵歸京師，住<span class="zhuanming">天壽寺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">淳化</span>元年（九九○）<a class="zhuhao" href="#18" id="3">〔三〕</a>，參知政事<span class="zhuanming">蘇易簡</span>奉詔撰<span class="shuming">三教聖賢事迹</span>，奏<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>與<span class="zhuanming">太一宫</span>道士<span class="zhuanming">韓德純</span>分領其事，<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>著<span class="shuming">鷲嶺聖賢録</span>，又集聖賢事迹凡一百卷，制署左街講經首座。二年（九九一），「敕翰林<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>充史館編修」<a class="zhuhao" href="#19" id="4">〔四〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">至道</span>元年（九九五），知西京教門事<a class="zhuhao" href="#20" id="5">〔五〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">宋真宗</span><span class="zhuanming">咸平</span>元年（九九八），詔充右街僧録。二年（九九九），重修<span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>。<span class="zhuanming">咸平</span>四年（一○○一）卒，年八十三<a class="zhuhao" href="#21" id="6">〔六〕</a>。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>學識廣博，兼通内外。其思想圓融無礙，具有以佛統攝儒道的特點。<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>交遊廣泛，和當時很多士大夫都有往來<a class="zhuhao" href="#22" id="7">〔七〕</a>。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>述作宏富，凡内典集一百五十二卷，外學集四十九卷<a class="zhuhao" href="#23" id="8">〔八〕</a>。其中最爲著名的，當屬<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>和<span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
沙門都統
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137939" key="1137939"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 沙門都統 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137940" key="1137940"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00099','1726544',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P99</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000086">沙門都統</p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">魏</span>主移都，仍從<span class="zhuanming">元</span>姓。虜家所服，悉變<span class="zhuanming">華</span>章。又於<span class="zhuanming">竺</span><span class="zhuanming">梵</span>之門，多事改遷之作。<span class="zhuanming">孝文帝</span>一日下詔曰：「門下：近得録公等表，知早定沙門都統。比考德選賢，寤寐勤心，繼佛之任，莫知誰寄。或有道高年尊，理無縈紆；或有器識沖邈，高揖塵務。今以<span class="zhuanming">思遠寺</span>主法師<span class="zhuanming">僧顯</span>，可敕爲沙門都統<a class="zhuhao" href="#661" id="651">〔一〕</a>。」詳究<span class="zhuanming">魏文帝</span>敕<span class="zhuanming">曇曜</span>爲沙門都統，乃自<span class="zhuanming">曜公</span>始也。<span class="zhuanming">曜</span>即帝禮爲師，號昭玄沙門都統。欣佛法重興，彫石造像，譯<span class="shuming">浄土三昧經</span>并<span class="shuming">付法藏傳</span>等，是此師<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00100','1726544',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P100</span></i>也<a class="zhuhao" href="#662" id="652">〔二〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>則以<span class="zhuanming">法上</span>爲昭玄統<a class="zhuhao" href="#663" id="653">〔三〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">法順</span>爲沙門都<a class="zhuhao" href="#664" id="654">〔四〕</a>。然都者，雖總轄之名，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">凡<a class="zhuhao" href="#665" id="655">〔五〕</a>官曹，多以「都」字爲其總攝也。</span> <span>而降統一等也。又<span class="zhuanming">烏萇國</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">那提黎耶舍</span>，<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>言<span class="zhuanming">尊稱</span>，先於<span class="zhuanming">齊國</span>，亦爲昭玄統也<a class="zhuhao" href="#666" id="656">〔六〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">高齊</span>之世，何統與都多耶？答曰：時置十員，一統一都，爲正爲副，故多也。<span class="zhuanming">大隋</span>受命，亦用統名。始以<span class="zhuanming">曇延</span>爲沙門大昭玄統<a class="zhuhao" href="#667" id="657">〔七〕</a>，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">别加「大」字。</span> <span>次則<span class="zhuanming">靈藏法師</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">大興善寺</span>主，尋署昭玄都<a class="zhuhao" href="#668" id="658">〔八〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">唐穆宗</span><span class="zhuanming">元和</span>元年閏正月，以<span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">惟英</span>充翰林待詔兼兩街僧統<a class="zhuhao" href="#669" id="659">〔九〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">英</span>通結中外，假卜筮惑人，故有是命。尋以非宜罷之。自爾<span class="zhuanming">朱梁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">後唐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">周</span>洎今<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span>，皆用録而無統矣。偏霸諸道，或有私署，如<span class="zhuanming">吴越</span>以<span class="zhuanming">令因</span>爲僧統<a class="zhuhao" href="#670" id="660">〔一○〕</a>。後則繼有，避僭差也，尋降稱僧正，其僭僞諸國，皆自號僧録焉。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#651" id="661">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷二四<span class="shuming">僧行篇</span><span class="zhuanming">北魏</span><span class="zhuanming">孝文帝</span><span class="shuming">帝以僧顯爲沙門都統詔</span>：「門下：近得録公等表，知欲早定沙門都統。比考德選賢，寤寐勤心，繼佛之任，莫知誰寄。或有道高年尊，理無縈紆；或有器玄識邈，高挹塵務。今以<span class="zhuanming">思遠寺</span>主法師<span class="zhuanming">僧顯</span>，仁雅欽韶，澄風澡鏡，深敏潛明，道心清亮，固堪兹任，式和妙衆。近已口白，可敕令爲沙門都統。又副儀貳事，緇素攸同，頃因<span class="zhuanming">曜統</span>獨濟，遂廢兹任。今欲毗德贊善，固須其人，<span class="zhuanming">皇舅寺</span>法師<span class="zhuanming">僧義</span>，行恭神暢，温聰謹正，業懋道優，用膺副翼，可都維那，以光賢徒。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00101','1726544',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P101</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#652" id="662">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">元魏北臺恒安石窟通樂寺沙門釋曇曜傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋曇曜</span>，未詳何許人也。少出家，攝行堅貞，風鑒閑約。以<span class="zhuanming">元魏</span><span class="zhuanming">和平</span>年，任<span class="zhuanming">北臺</span>昭玄統，綏緝僧衆，妙得其心，住<span class="zhuanming">恒安石窟</span><span class="zhuanming">通樂寺</span>，即<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>帝之所造也。……至壬辰年，<span class="zhuanming">太武</span>云崩，子（校注者按：當爲孫）<span class="zhuanming">文成</span>立，即起塔寺，搜訪經典，毁法七載，三寶還興。<span class="zhuanming">曜</span>慨前陵廢，欣今重復，故於<span class="zhuanming">北臺石窟</span>集諸德僧，對<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>沙門，譯<span class="shuming">付法藏傳</span>并<span class="shuming">浄土經</span>，流通後賢，意存無絶。」<span class="shuming">法苑珠林</span>卷七九<span class="shuming">邪見部</span><span class="shuming">感應緣</span>：「到壬辰歲，<span class="zhuanming">太武帝</span>崩，孫<span class="zhuanming">文成</span>立，即起浮圖。毁經七年，還興三寶。至<span class="zhuanming">和平</span>三年，昭玄都統沙門<span class="zhuanming">釋曇曜</span>慨前陵廢，欣今再興，故於<span class="zhuanming">北臺石窟寺</span>，集諸僧衆譯經傳，流通後賢之徒，使法藏住持，千載不墜。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#653" id="663">〔三〕</a>法上：參「僧統」條注七。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#654" id="664">〔四〕</a>法順：僧傳無。<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷三八：<span class="zhuanming">北齊</span><span class="zhuanming">天保</span>「七年，帝以内藏<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>經千夾，命三藏<span class="zhuanming">那連耶舍</span>於<span class="zhuanming">天平寺</span>翻譯，敕大統<span class="zhuanming">法上</span>﹑沙門都<span class="zhuanming">法順</span>監譯。帝躬禮<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>文，謂群臣曰：『此三寶之鴻基，禮宜偏敬。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#655" id="665">〔五〕</a>凡：底本作「九」，據<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#656" id="666">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷二<span class="shuming">隋西京大興善寺北天竺沙門那連提黎耶舍傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">那連提黎耶舍</span>，<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>言<span class="zhuanming">尊稱</span>，<span class="zhuanming">北天竺</span><span class="zhuanming">烏場國</span>人，正音應云『鄔荼』。荼，音持耶反。其王與佛同氏，亦姓<span class="zhuanming">釋迦</span>，<span class="zhuanming">刹帝利</span>種，<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>云<span class="zhuanming">土田主</span>也。由劫初之時，先爲分地主，因即號焉，今所謂國王者是也。……<span class="zhuanming">天保</span>七<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00102','1726544',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P102</span></i>年，届於<span class="zhuanming">京鄴</span>，<span class="zhuanming">文宣皇帝</span>極見殊禮，偏異恒倫。<span class="zhuanming">耶舍</span>時年四十，骨梗雄雅，物議憚之。緣是<span class="zhuanming">文宣</span>禮遇隆重，安置<span class="zhuanming">天平寺</span>中，請爲翻經三藏。殿内<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>本千有餘夾，敕送於寺，處以上房，爲建道場，供窮珍妙。别立厨庫，以表尊崇。又敕昭玄大統沙門<span class="zhuanming">法上</span>等二十餘人，監掌翻譯。……<span class="zhuanming">耶舍</span>每於宣譯之暇，時陳神咒，冥救顯助，立功多矣。未幾，授昭玄都，俄轉爲統。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#657" id="667">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷八<span class="shuming">隋京師延興寺釋曇延傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋曇延</span>，俗緣<span class="zhuanming">王氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">蒲州</span><span class="zhuanming">桑泉</span>人也。」其爲「大昭玄統」者見卷一一<span class="shuming">釋慧海傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋慧海</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">張氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">河東</span><span class="zhuanming">虞鄉</span>人。……年至十四，遂落髮染衣，爲沙門大昭玄統<span class="zhuanming">曇延法師</span>弟子也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#658" id="668">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷二一<span class="shuming">隋京師大興善寺釋靈藏傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋靈藏</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">王氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">雍州</span><span class="zhuanming">新豐</span>人也。……<span class="zhuanming">藏</span>與<span class="zhuanming">高祖</span>布衣知友，情款綢狎。及龍飛兹始，彌結深衷，禮讓崇敦，光價朝宰。移都南阜，任選形勝而置國寺。<span class="zhuanming">藏</span>以朝寄惟重，佛法攸憑，乃擇京都中會路均近遠，於<span class="zhuanming">遵善坊</span>天衢之左而置寺焉，今之<span class="zhuanming">大興善</span>是也。」又卷二<span class="shuming">那連提黎耶舍傳</span>云：「凡前後所譯經論，一十五部，八十餘卷，即<span class="shuming">菩薩見實</span>﹑<span class="shuming">月藏</span>﹑<span class="shuming">日藏</span>﹑<span class="shuming">法勝</span>﹑<span class="shuming">毗曇</span>等是也。並沙門<span class="zhuanming">僧琛</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">明芬</span>，給事<span class="zhuanming">李道寶</span>等度語筆受，昭玄統沙門<span class="zhuanming">曇延</span>﹑昭玄都沙門<span class="zhuanming">靈藏</span>等二十餘僧，監護始末。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#659" id="669">〔九〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">元和</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">憲宗</span>年號。又，<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二<span class="shuming">法運通塞志十七之九</span>：<span class="zhuanming">穆宗</span><span class="zhuanming">長慶</span>元年「敕<span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">惟英</span>充翰林待詔﹑兩街僧統。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00103','1726544',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P103</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#660" id="670">〔一○〕</a>令因：<span class="zhuanming">吴越王</span><span class="zhuanming">錢鏐</span>幼子。<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二<span class="shuming">法運通塞志十七之九</span>：<span class="zhuanming">梁太祖</span><span class="zhuanming">開平</span>四年「<span class="zhuanming">吴越王</span><span class="zhuanming">錢鏐</span>幼子<span class="zhuanming">令因</span>爲僧，敕賜紫衣<span class="zhuanming">無相大師</span>，加同三十臘。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
僧統
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv752392" key="752392"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 僧統 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv752393" key="752393"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00097','1726543',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P97</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000084">僧統</p><p> <span>帝王奄宅寰區，必革人視聽。或更其禮樂，或變以官司。互納言作尚書，以太尉<a class="zhuhao" href="#644" id="637">〔一〕</a>代司馬。何常之有，以此爲初。<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>制<span class="zhuanming">關中</span>，立僧正爲宗首。<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>尊北土，改僧統領緇徒。雖發新題，亦提舊職。<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span><span class="zhuanming">皇始</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">趙郡</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">法果</span>戒行精至，開演法籍，<span class="zhuanming">太祖</span>徵爲沙門統。言多允愜，供施甚厚。<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>崇信，彌加於前。<span class="zhuanming">永興</span>中，前後授輔國﹑<span class="zhuanming">宜城子</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">忠信侯</span>，又<span class="zhuanming">安城公</span>，皆固讓之。俗官加僧，初聞於此。帝幸其居，嫌其門狹，不容輿輦，更廣大之。年八十餘卒，帝三臨其喪，追贈「老壽將軍趙郡胡靈公」。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">今贈老壽將軍，皆出此時之敕，知前輔國，必是將軍。「胡靈」二字，謚也。</span> <span>初<span class="zhuanming">法果</span>年四十<a class="zhuhao" href="#645" id="638">〔二〕</a>始出家，有子曰<span class="zhuanming">猛</span>，詔令襲<span class="zhuanming">果</span>所加爵。沙門統之官，自<span class="zhuanming">法果</span>始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#646" id="639">〔三〕</a>。復有<span class="zhuanming">罽賓</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">師賢</span>，本是王種，東游<span class="zhuanming">涼</span>土，又來京下，值罷佛法，權假醫術，而守道不改，於重興日即爲沙門。同輩五人，<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>帝親爲下髮，詔<span class="zhuanming">賢</span>爲僧統。僧統之官，自<span class="zhuanming">師賢</span>始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#647" id="640">〔四〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>興佛道，變革<span class="zhuanming">周</span>風，召<span class="zhuanming">僧猛</span>住<span class="zhuanming">大興善寺</span>，爲<span class="zhuanming">隋國</span>大統。<span class="zhuanming">猛</span>姓<span class="zhuanming">段</span>，<span class="zhuanming">涇陽</span>人也，講<span class="shuming">般若</span>﹑<span class="shuming">十地</span>等<a class="zhuhao" href="#648" id="641">〔五〕</a>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">隋</span>以「大」字爲殊<a class="zhuhao" href="#649" id="642">〔六〕</a>異也。</span> <span>又號「聖沙彌」者，初在<span class="zhuanming">洛</span>任國僧都，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">都即沙門都也。</span> <span>後召入<span class="zhuanming">鄴</span>，綏緝有功，轉爲國統<a class="zhuhao" href="#650" id="643">〔七〕</a>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">一國之僧統也。</span> <span><span class="zhuanming">宋</span>沿<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>制，廢統立録。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">惟宫人出家，敕<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00098','1726543',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P98</span></i>補尼録﹑尼統，有至十字師名，比兩國邑號者甚衆。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#637" id="644">〔一〕</a>尉：底本作「蔚」，從餘諸本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#638" id="645">〔二〕</a>四十：底本及餘諸本爲「十四」，據意改，參下注。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#639" id="646">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">魏書</span>卷一一四<span class="shuming">釋老志</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">法果</span>四十，始爲沙門。有子曰<span class="zhuanming">猛</span>，詔令襲<span class="zhuanming">果</span>所加爵。」<span class="shuming">北山録</span>卷五<span class="shuming">釋賓問</span>：「初，<span class="zhuanming">魏太祖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>篤於因緣之教。沙門<span class="zhuanming">法果</span>戒行精純，開演法籍，<span class="zhuanming">太祖</span>詔爲沙門統。<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>彌加崇敬，授以輔國﹑<span class="zhuanming">宜城子</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">忠信侯</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">安城公</span>，盡辭焉。帝幸其居，以門狹不容輿輦，詔廣之。八十而卒，帝親臨其喪，贈『老壽將軍』。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#640" id="647">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">魏書</span>卷一一四<span class="shuming">釋老志</span>：「京師沙門<span class="zhuanming">師賢</span>，本<span class="zhuanming">罽賓國</span>王種人，少入道，東遊<span class="zhuanming">涼</span>城，<span class="zhuanming">涼</span>平赴京。罷佛法時，<span class="zhuanming">師賢</span>假爲醫術還俗，而守道不改。於修復日，即反沙門，其同輩五人，帝乃親爲下髮。<span class="zhuanming">師賢</span>仍爲道人統。……<span class="zhuanming">和平</span>初，<span class="zhuanming">師賢</span>卒。<span class="zhuanming">曇曜</span>代之，更名沙門統。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#641" id="648">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷二三<span class="shuming">隋京師雲花寺釋僧猛傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋僧猛</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">段氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">京兆</span><span class="zhuanming">涇陽</span>人。……昔<span class="zhuanming">魏文</span>西位，敕<span class="zhuanming">猛</span>在右寢殿闡揚<span class="shuming">般若</span>。貴宰咸仰，味其道訓。<span class="zhuanming">周明</span>嗣曆，詔下屈住<span class="zhuanming">天宫</span>，永弘<span class="shuming">十地</span>。又敕於<span class="zhuanming">紫極</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">文昌</span>二殿，更互説法。……<span class="zhuanming">隋文</span>作相，佛日將明，以<span class="zhuanming">猛</span>年德俱重，玄儒湊集，追訪至京，令崇法宇。於<span class="zhuanming">大象</span>二年敕住<span class="zhuanming">大興善寺</span>，講揚<span class="shuming">十地</span>。寺即前<span class="zhuanming">陟岵寺</span>也。聲望尤著，殊悦天心。尋授爲<span class="zhuanming">隋國</span>大統三藏法師，委以佛法，令其弘護。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00099','1726543',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P99</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#642" id="649">〔六〕</a>殊：底本作「珠」，從<span class="zhuanming">淺野</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#643" id="650">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷八<span class="shuming">齊大統合水寺釋法上傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋法上</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">劉氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">朝歌</span>人也。五歲入學，七日通章。六歲隨叔寺中觀戲，情無鼓舞，但禮佛讀經，而聲氣爽拔，衆人奔遶，傾渴觀聽。年登八歲，略覽經誥，薄盡其理。九歲得<span class="shuming">涅槃經</span>，披而誦之，即生厭世。至于十二，投禪師<span class="zhuanming">道藥</span>而出家焉。因遊<span class="zhuanming">相土</span>，尋還<span class="zhuanming">汲鄉</span>，又往東都，栖遑務道。神氣高爽，照曉詞論，所在推之，咸謂『聖沙彌』也。……故<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">齊</span>二代，歷爲統師。昭玄一曹，純掌僧録。令史員置五十許人，所部僧尼二百餘萬，而<span class="zhuanming">上</span>綱領將四十年，道俗歡愉，朝庭胥悦。所以四方諸寺，咸禀成風，崇護之基，罕有繼釆。……初，<span class="zhuanming">天保</span>之中，國置十統。有司聞奏，事須甄異。<span class="zhuanming">文宣</span>乃手注狀云：<span class="zhuanming">上法師</span>可爲大統，餘爲通統。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
尼正
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137943" key="1137943"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 立僧正 &gt; 尼正 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137944" key="1137944"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00096','1726542',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P96</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000082"><b>尼正</b></p><p> <span>北朝立制，多是附僧。南土新規，别行尼正。<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">太始</span>二年，敕尼<span class="zhuanming">寶賢</span>爲尼僧正<a class="zhuhao" href="#635" id="633">〔一〕</a>，又以<span class="zhuanming">法浄</span>爲京邑尼都維那<a class="zhuhao" href="#636" id="634">〔二〕</a>，此則承乏之漸。<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">陳</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>，少聞其事。偏霸之國，往往聞有尼統﹑尼正之名焉。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#633" id="635">〔一〕</a>參「立僧正」條注二。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#634" id="636">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">比丘尼傳</span>卷二<span class="shuming">普賢寺法浄尼傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">法浄</span>，<span class="zhuanming">江北</span>人也。……<span class="zhuanming">浄</span>少出家，住<span class="zhuanming">永福寺</span>。戒行清潔，明於事理。沈思精研，深究義奥，與<span class="zhuanming">寶賢尼</span>名輩略齊。<span class="zhuanming">宋明皇帝</span>異之。<span class="zhuanming">泰始</span>元年，敕<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00097','1726542',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P97</span></i>住<span class="zhuanming">普賢寺</span>，宫内接遇，禮兼師友。二年，敕爲京邑都維那。在事公正，確然殊絶。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
重開僧史略序
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137948" key="1137948"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 重開僧史略序 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137949" key="1137949"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-E00003','1726505',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P3</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000010"><b>重開僧史略序</b></p><p> <span>佛書所載，地獄﹑鬼﹑畜﹑<span class="zhuanming">北俱盧州</span>﹑長壽天﹑佛前佛後生﹑便盲聾瘖啞﹑世智辯聰不信毁謗佛法僧者，名八難處<a class="zhuhao" href="#81" id="55">〔一〕</a>，又曰八無暇。蓋生其處者，障難深重，無暇修心，不知正法。長劫驅驅，輪迴不息故也。是知世聰俗慧，不達佛書，則理昧正真，事同盲聵。矜伐衒耀，自爲己能。沮善詆僧，佛所不救。生遭貶謫，死入阿鼻<a class="zhuhao" href="#82" id="56">〔二〕</a>。違逆皇天，招延世亂，皆此輩也。致亂皆因蠹善，具載佛書。本朝<span class="zhuanming">王内翰</span></span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">禹偁</span>。</span> <span>生平著述，排詆<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，雖<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">韓退之</span>﹑吾<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">歐永叔</span>，佛書所謂天魔<span class="zhuanming">波旬</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#83" id="57">〔三〕</a>﹑闡提<a class="zhuhao" href="#84" id="58">〔四〕</a>外道，無以加也。間遇英傑之僧，亦心重之。余嘗讀<span class="zhuanming">王公</span></span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">禹偁</span>。</span> <span>文集，有<span class="shuming">贈僧録通慧寧<a class="zhuhao" href="#85" id="59">〔五〕</a>公詩</span>曰：「詔修僧史<span class="zhuanming">浙江</span>濱，萬卷書中老一身。赴闕尚騎<span class="zhuanming">支遁</span>馬<a class="zhuhao" href="#86" id="60">〔六〕</a>，援毫應待<span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>麟<a class="zhuhao" href="#87" id="61">〔七〕</a>。溟濛雪彩松窗曉，狼籍苔花竹院春。還許幽齋暫相訪，便令<span class="zhuanming">陶令</span>滿衣塵。」其意竊比<span class="zhuanming">陶彭澤</span>謁<span class="zhuanming">遠法師</span>故事<a class="zhuhao" href="#88" id="62">〔八〕</a>而自高之也。<span class="zhuanming">歐陽文忠公</span>亦録<span class="zhuanming">王内翰</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">寧僧録</span>元夜觀燈嘲謔之言，有<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">鄭</span>「不愛」﹑「未坑」之語<a class="zhuhao" href="#89" id="63">〔九〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">王</span>又述<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>之墓誌，則有心慕誠服之意。叙<span class="zhuanming">寧</span>有文集一百七十卷，見行於世。<span class="zhuanming">王</span>之毁僧破佛，蜂蠆梟獍，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-E00004','1726505',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P4</span></i>吠<span class="zhuanming">堯</span>彈鳳，天下皆知矣。獨於<span class="zhuanming">通慧</span>，友愛相師，賦詩述銘以褒美之，何也？蓋<span class="zhuanming">通慧</span>學行才識，兼類相求，自相友愛耳。且世諦文章，未知其高下。其於學佛明心，博通大教，<span class="zhuanming">王</span>必不及也。</span> </p><p> <span>且夫<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>横闊勝大之言，包羅法界，洞徹鄰虚，斷惑出纏，冥真會聖。永抛輪轉，長挹愛河。出萬劫之迷津，脱四魔<a class="zhuhao" href="#90" id="64">〔一○〕</a>之見網。歷劫災而不壞，與虚空而並存。與夫世文，寔霄壤矣。佛之利見<a class="zhuhao" href="#91" id="65">〔一一〕</a>也，應大機則重重華藏<a class="zhuhao" href="#92" id="66">〔一二〕</a>﹑刹刹分形，接小凡則丈六化身<a class="zhuhao" href="#93" id="67">〔一三〕</a>﹑三千界<a class="zhuhao" href="#94" id="68">〔一四〕</a>主。所以<span class="zhuanming">宣尼</span>推爲至聖<a class="zhuhao" href="#95" id="69">〔一五〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">老氏</span>尊之<span class="zhuanming">竺乾</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#96" id="70">〔一六〕</a>。吾師號佛，覺一切民也。溥天慈父，覆育群倫，超出世間之大聖人也。<span class="zhuanming">孔</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">老</span>二聖，豈妄推之？蓋見善不及<a class="zhuhao" href="#97" id="71">〔一七〕</a>，守雌保弱，不敢爲天下先之志也<a class="zhuhao" href="#98" id="72">〔一八〕</a>。本朝駙馬都尉<span class="zhuanming">李度</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#99" id="73">〔一九〕</a><span class="shuming">題寺詠佛詩</span>曰：「<span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>推至聖，<span class="zhuanming">老氏</span>稱古皇。天上及天下，應更無比量。」勒碑于<span class="zhuanming">相國寺</span>之東廡别院。</span> </p><p> <span>蓋佛者，流光於混元之前，列影向太虚之始。慈雲法雨，潤澤群生。千聖樂推，萬靈欣奉。宜乎<span class="zhuanming">宣尼</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">伯陽</span>聞風而悦，慕德而歸命焉！<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">李商隱</span>贊曰：「吾儒之師，曰<span class="zhuanming">魯</span><span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>。<span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>師<span class="zhuanming">聃</span>，龍吾不知<a class="zhuhao" href="#100" id="74">〔二○〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">聃</span>師<span class="zhuanming">竺乾</span>，善入無爲。稽首正覺，吾師師師。」<a class="zhuhao" href="#101" id="75">〔二一〕</a>懿哉儒言，知佛者也！經不云乎：除<span class="zhuanming">摩利支山</span>，不産栴檀木。好語皆生佛法中<a class="zhuhao" href="#102" id="76">〔二二〕</a>。佛未出時，世諦幻法，皆無名字。佛之設教，統應群機。撮要而言，不出乎真俗二諦。其真也，詮妙理<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-E00005','1726505',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P5</span></i>之格言，究死生之出要；其濟俗也，奬善罰惡，罪福報應。至於治世之書，亦諸佛之遺化也。故經曰：一切世間安民濟物，皆是諸佛<a class="zhuhao" href="#103" id="77">〔二三〕</a>。法滅盡後，有婆羅門，採什佛書，安置己典，傳於後世。大千國土，各有典彝。在<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>則四韋陀<a class="zhuhao" href="#104" id="78">〔二四〕</a>，此土則五經三史之書也。故曰：一切法者，皆是佛法。豈徒言哉？如今黄冠剽竊佛經，撰成己教。外道經書，半偷佛法，識者盡知矣。</span> </p><p> <span>唯<span class="zhuanming">寧師</span>内外博通，真俗雙究。觀師所集<span class="shuming">物類相感志</span>，至於微術小伎，亦盡取之。蓋欲學佛，遍知一切法也。<span class="zhuanming">崇寧</span>四年，敕加命號，曰「東京左街僧録史館編修圓明通慧大師」，以旌其學行。師之所著，唯<span class="shuming">大宋高僧傳</span>三十卷與<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>三卷奉敕入藏頒行，外餘多湮没。兵火之中，得斯藏本。佛法事理，來歷紀綱，捨此書而弗知也。苟斯文之墜地，顧大法之將沈，由是敢率同袍，興心内護。爰有兩街僧録﹑鑒義<a class="zhuhao" href="#105" id="79">〔二五〕</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">臨安府</span>前後政僧官禪講，同出長財，命工鏤板，附藏流通。因寫<span class="zhuanming">王</span>詩﹑<span class="zhuanming">歐公</span>之録，以示方來，使知世智辯聰之流，有時而信焉。三教之賢聖，理歸一揆，則八無暇之沈淪，尚可救也，故爲序之。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">紹興</span>十四年甲子四月己巳，<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>誕聖日</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">傳西天三藏法特賜<span class="zhuanming">寶覺圓通法濟大師</span><span class="zhuanming">法道</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#106" id="80">〔二六〕</a>序</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-E00006','1726505',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P6</span></i>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#55" id="81">〔一〕</a>八難處：又稱八無暇﹑八惡等，是指不得遇佛﹑不聞正法之八處障難：一﹑地獄難；二﹑餓鬼難；三﹑畜生難。此三者，屬三惡道，因爲業障太重，很難見聞佛法。四﹑長壽天難。此天以五百劫爲壽，即色界第四禪中之無想天。無想者，以其心想不行，如冰魚蟄蟲，外道修行多生其處，而障於見佛聞法。五﹑<span class="zhuanming">北俱盧洲</span>難。<span class="zhuanming">北俱盧洲</span>，又譯爲郁單越等，意譯勝處。生此處者，其人壽千歲，命無中夭，貪著享樂而不受教化。是以聖人不出其中，不得見佛聞法。六﹑盲聾喑啞難。此等人雖生中國（指古<span class="zhuanming">印度</span><span class="zhuanming">摩竭陀國</span>一帶），而業障深重，盲聾喑啞，諸根不具，雖值佛出世，而不能見佛聞法。七﹑世智辯聰難。謂雖聰利，唯務耽習外道經書，不信出世正法。八﹑生在佛前佛後難。謂由業重緣薄，生在佛前佛後，不得見佛聞法。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#56" id="82">〔二〕</a>阿鼻：即阿鼻地獄，意譯「無間斷」，爲痛苦没有間斷之意。是佛教八大地獄中最下﹑最苦者。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#57" id="83">〔三〕</a>天魔波旬：是<span class="zhuanming">釋迦</span>在世時之魔王名。意譯「殺者」﹑「惡物」等，指斷除人的生命與善根之惡魔。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#58" id="84">〔四〕</a>闡提：即一闡提，指永遠不得成佛的根機。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#59" id="85">〔五〕</a>寧：底本誤爲「學」。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-E00007','1726505',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P7</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#60" id="86">〔六〕</a>支遁：字<span class="zhuanming">道林</span>，本姓<span class="zhuanming">關氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">陳留</span>人（今<span class="zhuanming">河南</span><span class="zhuanming">開封</span>），一説<span class="zhuanming">河東</span><span class="zhuanming">林慮</span>人（今<span class="zhuanming">河南</span><span class="zhuanming">安陽</span>）。<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷四有傳。「支遁馬」者，<span class="shuming">世説新語</span><span class="shuming">言語</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">支道林</span>常養數匹馬。或言道人畜馬不韻，<span class="zhuanming">支</span>曰：『貧道重其神駿。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#61" id="87">〔七〕</a>仲尼麟：<span class="shuming">公羊傳</span><span class="shuming">哀公十四年</span>：「十有四年春，西狩獲麟。……麟者，仁獸也。有王者則至，無王者則不至。」<span class="shuming">史記</span><span class="shuming">孔子世家</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">魯哀公</span>十四年春，狩<span class="zhuanming">大野</span>。<span class="zhuanming">叔孫氏</span>車子<span class="zhuanming">鉏商</span>獲獸，以爲不祥。<span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>視之，曰：『麟也。』取之。」<span class="zhuanming">服虔</span>注曰：「麟非時所常見，故怪之，以爲不祥也。<span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>名之曰『麟』，然後<span class="zhuanming">魯</span>人乃取之也。明麟爲<span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>至也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#62" id="88">〔八〕</a>「<span class="zhuanming">陶彭澤</span>謁<span class="zhuanming">遠法師</span>故事」者，<span class="zhuanming">陶彭澤</span>，即<span class="zhuanming">陶淵明</span>，因其曾爲<span class="zhuanming">彭澤</span>令，故稱。<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷二六曰：「（<span class="zhuanming">淵明</span>）嘗往來<span class="zhuanming">廬山</span>，使一門生二兒舁籃輿以行。時<span class="zhuanming">遠法師</span>與諸賢結蓮社，以書招<span class="zhuanming">淵明</span>。<span class="zhuanming">淵明</span>曰：『若許飲，則往。』許之，遂造焉。忽攢眉而去。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#63" id="89">〔九〕</a>按：「王内翰」，當爲「安鴻漸」之誤。<span class="zhuanming">歐陽修</span><span class="shuming">六一詩話</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">吴</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，國初爲僧録。頗讀儒書，博覽强記，亦自能撰述，而辭辯縱横，人莫能屈。時有<span class="zhuanming">安鴻漸</span>者，文詞雋敏，尤好嘲詠。嘗街行，遇<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>與數僧相隨。<span class="zhuanming">鴻漸</span>指而嘲曰：『<span class="zhuanming">鄭都官</span>不愛之徒，時時作隊。』<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>應聲答曰：『<span class="zhuanming">秦始皇</span>未坑之輩，往往成群。』時皆善其捷對。<span class="zhuanming">鴻漸</span>所道，乃<span class="zhuanming">鄭谷</span>詩云『愛僧不愛紫衣僧』也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#64" id="90">〔一○〕</a>四魔：指惱害衆生，奪其身命或慧命的四種魔，即煩惱魔（指惱害衆生身心的貪﹑嗔﹑癡等<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-E00008','1726505',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P8</span></i>煩惱）﹑藴魔（藴者，積聚也。藴魔指起種種障害而構成衆生身命的色﹑受﹑想﹑行﹑識等五藴，又作陰魔﹑五藴魔等）﹑死魔（指能斷衆生命根的死）和天子魔（即他化自在天子魔。欲界第六天的魔王及其眷屬，以其憎嫉無漏法，作種種擾亂，妨害衆生，令無法成就出世間善根）。魔，<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>語具云「魔羅」，意譯「能奪命」，又云「殺者」，謂能奪智慧之命，殺害出世善根。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#65" id="91">〔一一〕</a>利見：<span class="shuming">易</span><span class="shuming">乾</span>：「飛龍在天，利見大人。」<span class="zhuanming">孔穎達</span>疏：「若聖人有龍德飛騰而居天位，德備天下，爲萬物所瞻覩，故天下利見此居王位之大人。」這裏指見佛。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#66" id="92">〔一二〕</a>華藏：即華藏界，又稱蓮華藏莊嚴世界海等，是<span class="zhuanming">毗盧遮那佛</span>往昔修菩薩行成就之清浄莊嚴世界。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">澄觀</span>撰<span class="shuming">大方廣佛華嚴經疏</span>卷一一<span class="shuming">華藏世界品</span>：「謂蓮華含子之處，目之曰藏。今刹種及刹，爲大蓮華之所含藏，故云華藏。其中一一境界，皆有刹海塵數清浄功德，故曰莊嚴。世界深廣，故名爲海。」其具體相狀，見<span class="zhuanming">實叉難陀</span>譯<span class="shuming">大方廣佛華嚴經</span><span class="shuming">華藏世界品</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#67" id="93">〔一三〕</a>化身：指佛菩薩爲濟度衆生，出現在人間時的形體。丈六化身，謂一丈六尺的佛身。<span class="shuming">薩婆多毗尼毗婆沙</span>卷九：「佛身丈六，常人半之。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#68" id="94">〔一四〕</a>三千界：三千大千世界。以<span class="zhuanming">須彌山</span>爲中心，以<span class="zhuanming">鐵圍山</span>爲外廓，同一日月所照的四天下爲一「小世界」，一千小世界爲「小千世界」，一千「小千世界」爲一「中千世界」，一千「中千世界」爲一「大千世界」。「大千世界」因有小中大三種「千世界」，故稱「三千大千世界」。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-E00009','1726505',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P9</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#69" id="95">〔一五〕</a><span class="shuming">列子</span>卷四<span class="shuming">仲尼篇</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">孔子</span>動容有間，曰：『西方之人，有聖者焉，不治而不亂，不言而自信，不化而自行，蕩蕩乎，民無能名焉。<span class="zhuanming">丘</span>疑其爲聖。弗知真爲聖歟？真不聖歟？』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#70" id="96">〔一六〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">老子西昇經</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">老君</span>西昇，開道<span class="zhuanming">竺乾</span>，號<span class="zhuanming">古先生</span>。」<span class="shuming">弘明集</span>卷一<span class="shuming">正誣論</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>即佛弟子也。故其經云：『聞道<span class="zhuanming">竺乾</span>，有<span class="zhuanming">古先生</span>，善入泥洹，不始不終，永存緜緜。』<span class="zhuanming">竺乾</span>者，<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>也。泥洹者，<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>語，<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>言『無爲』也。若佛不先<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>，何得稱先生？」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#71" id="97">〔一七〕</a>見善不及：見<span class="shuming">論語</span><span class="shuming">季氏</span>：「見善如不及，見不善如探湯。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#72" id="98">〔一八〕</a><span class="shuming">老子</span>：「知其雄，守其雌。」又：「我有三寶，持而保之。一曰慈，二曰儉，三曰不敢爲天下先。」按：<span class="shuming">北山録</span>卷一<span class="shuming">聖人生</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">老氏</span>生於<span class="zhuanming">定王</span>，<span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>生於<span class="zhuanming">魯襄</span>。<span class="zhuanming">老氏</span>默識於<span class="zhuanming">能仁</span>，<span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>問禮於<span class="zhuanming">伯陽</span>。<span class="shuming">清浄法行經</span>以<span class="zhuanming">大迦葉</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">老聃</span>，以<span class="zhuanming">儒童菩薩</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">孔丘</span>。<span class="shuming">西昇經</span>云：『吾師化遊<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>，善入泥洹。』斯守雌保弱之道也，不敢爲天下先之訓也。<span class="zhuanming">老氏</span>之德，全於是乎。<span class="shuming">詩</span>云：『無競維烈。』<span class="zhuanming">老氏</span>有焉。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#73" id="99">〔一九〕</a>度：當爲「勗」字之誤。<span class="zhuanming">李勗</span>即<span class="zhuanming">李遵勗</span>。<span class="shuming">宋史</span>卷四六四<span class="shuming">外戚中</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">李遵勗</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">公武</span>，<span class="zhuanming">崇矩</span>孫，<span class="zhuanming">繼昌</span>子也。生數歲，相者曰：『是當以姻戚貴。』少學騎射，馳冰雪間，馬逸墜崖下，衆以爲死，<span class="zhuanming">遵勗</span>徐起亡恙也。及長，好爲文詞，舉進士。<span class="zhuanming">大中祥符</span>間，召對便殿，尚<span class="zhuanming">萬壽長公主</span>。初名<span class="zhuanming">勗</span>，帝益『遵』字，升其行爲<span class="zhuanming">崇矩</span>子，授左龍武將軍﹑駙馬都尉，賜第<span class="zhuanming">永寧里</span>。」<span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="zhuanming">釋心泰</span><span class="shuming">佛法金湯編</span>（<span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="zhuanming">萬曆</span>二十八年<span class="zhuanming">釋如惺</span>刻本）卷一三「李遵勗」條：「<span class="zhuanming">遵勗</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">用和</span>。探<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-E00010','1726505',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P10</span></i>索宗要有年，聞<span class="zhuanming">慈照</span>所舉因緣，頓明大法，述偈曰：『參襌須是鐵漢，着手心頭便判。直趣無上菩提，一切是非莫管。』<span class="zhuanming">照</span>結而印之。<span class="zhuanming">仁宗</span><span class="zhuanming">天聖</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">遵勗</span>廣<span class="shuming">傳燈録</span>三十卷，帝賜名<span class="shuming">天聖廣燈録</span>，御製序。<span class="zhuanming">遵勗</span><span class="shuming">讚佛詩</span>云：『<span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>推大聖，<span class="zhuanming">老氏</span>稱古皇。天上及天下，應更無比量。』</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu"><span class="shuming">傳燈</span>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">」按：<span class="zhuanming">李度</span>，<span class="zhuanming">河南</span><span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>人，<span class="zhuanming">後周</span><span class="zhuanming">顯德</span>中舉進士，工於詩，歷仕殿中丞﹑虞部員外郎等。<span class="shuming">宋史</span>卷四四○<span class="shuming">文苑二</span>有傳。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#74" id="100">〔二○〕</a><span class="shuming">史記</span><span class="shuming">老子韓非列傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">孔子</span>去，謂弟子曰：『鳥吾知其能飛，魚吾知其能游，獸吾知其能走。走者可以爲罔，游者可以爲綸，飛者可以爲矰。至於龍，吾不能知，其乘風雲而上天。吾今日見<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>，其猶龍邪！』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#75" id="101">〔二一〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">志磐</span>撰<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷三五：「<span class="zhuanming">李商隱</span></span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu"><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>時。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">之讚佛曰：『吾儒之師，曰<span class="zhuanming">魯</span><span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>。<span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>師<span class="zhuanming">聃</span>，龍吾不知。</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu"><span class="shuming">史記</span><span class="zhuanming">孔子</span>謂弟子曰：「至於龍，吾不知，其乘風雲而上天。吾今目見<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>，其猶龍耶！」</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">聃</span>師<span class="zhuanming">竺乾</span>，善入無爲。</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu"><span class="zhuanming">尹子</span><span class="shuming">西升經</span><span class="zhuanming">老子</span>云：「蓋聞<span class="zhuanming">竺乾</span>有<span class="zhuanming">古皇先生</span>，不生不滅，善入無爲。」又云：「<span class="zhuanming">古先生</span>者，即吾之師，嘗化乎<span class="zhuanming">竺乾</span>。」又<span class="shuming">符子</span>云：「<span class="zhuanming">老氏</span>之師名<span class="zhuanming">釋迦文</span>。」</span> <span class="font12 zhu">稽首大覺，吾師師師。</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">三師者，言我師<span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>，<span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>師<span class="zhuanming">老</span>﹑師<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>也。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">』」<span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="zhuanming">陸心源</span><span class="shuming">唐文續拾</span>（<span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="zhuanming">光緒</span>刻本）卷一據石刻録<span class="zhuanming">唐肅宗</span><span class="shuming">三教聖象贊</span>：「吾儒之師，曰<span class="zhuanming">魯</span><span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>。<span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>師<span class="zhuanming">聃</span>，龍吾不知。<span class="zhuanming">聃</span>師<span class="zhuanming">竺乾</span>，善入無爲。稽首正覺，吾師師師。」此石碑在<span class="zhuanming">少林寺</span>，云<span class="zhuanming">李商隱</span>之讚佛者，恐誤。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#76" id="102">〔二二〕</a><span class="shuming">大智度論</span>卷二：「除<span class="zhuanming">摩梨山</span>，無出栴檀。如是除佛，無出實語。」又卷一八：「如除<span class="zhuanming">摩梨山</span>，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-E00011','1726505',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P11</span></i>一切無出栴檀木。若餘處或有好語，皆從佛法中得。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#77" id="103">〔二三〕</a>按：此非佛教經文，而是<span class="zhuanming">中土</span>佛教世俗化過程中出現的觀念。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#78" id="104">〔二四〕</a>韋陀：婆羅門所傳經典之名。大本别爲四分，故曰四韋陀。<span class="shuming">大唐西域記</span>卷二<span class="shuming">印度總述</span>：「其婆羅門，學四<span class="shuming">吠陀論</span>：</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">舊曰<span class="shuming">毗陀</span>，訛也。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">一曰壽，謂養生繕性；二曰祠，謂享祭祈禱；三曰平，謂禮儀﹑占卜﹑兵法﹑軍陣；四曰術，謂異能﹑伎數﹑禁咒﹑醫方。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#79" id="105">〔二五〕</a>鑒義：兩街僧官之一，又稱守闕鑒義。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#80" id="106">〔二六〕</a><span class="shuming">武林西湖高僧事略</span><span class="shuming">宋三藏道法師</span>：「師名<span class="zhuanming">法道</span>，舊名<span class="zhuanming">永道</span>，<span class="zhuanming">順昌</span><span class="zhuanming">毛氏</span>。出家宗<span class="shuming">唯識</span>﹑<span class="shuming">百法</span>二論，又受西天總持三藏密咒軌，及傳圓頓戒法於<span class="zhuanming">圓照</span>師，咸得其要。<span class="zhuanming">政和</span>中，賜椹衣，主左街<span class="zhuanming">香積院</span>，賜號<span class="zhuanming">寶覺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">林靈素</span>以左道罔上，<span class="zhuanming">宣和</span>初，詔改僧爲德士，服冠巾。天下從之無敢後，師獨毅然抗詔，黥流<span class="zhuanming">道州</span>。後七年還僧。<span class="zhuanming">建炎</span>三年，賜<span class="zhuanming">圓通法濟</span>號。<span class="zhuanming">紹興</span>間賜對，上面命欲爲之去其涅迹，師曰：雖感聖恩，然先皇之墨，不忍除也。上曰：這僧到老倔强，計自便。故事，道場僧左道右。<span class="zhuanming">崇</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">觀</span>以來，遂易舊制，師不能平，詣朝廷，與道士<span class="zhuanming">劉若謙</span>論辨，卒獲改正。十七年秋，説偈端坐而化。茶毗，舍利無數，建塔<span class="zhuanming">九里松</span>。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
雜任職員
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137952" key="1137952"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 雜任職員 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137953" key="1137953"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00116','1726549',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P116</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000096">雜任職員</p><p> <span>寺之設也，三綱立焉，若網罟之巨綱，提之則正，故云也。<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>語摩摩帝﹑悉替那﹑羯磨那陀，<span class="zhuanming">華</span>言言寺主﹑上座﹑悦衆也。</span> </p><p> <span>詳其寺主，起乎<span class="zhuanming">東漢</span><span class="zhuanming">白馬</span>也<a class="zhuhao" href="#770" id="751">〔一〕</a>。寺既爰處，人必主之，于時雖無寺主之名，而有知事之者。至<span class="zhuanming">東晋</span>以來，此職方盛，故<span class="zhuanming">侯景</span>言以<span class="zhuanming">蕭衍</span>老翁作<span class="zhuanming">太平寺</span>主也<a class="zhuhao" href="#771" id="752">〔二〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">後周</span>則有<span class="zhuanming">陟岵寺</span>主，自敕封署<a class="zhuhao" href="#772" id="753">〔三〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>有<span class="zhuanming">大興善寺</span>主<a class="zhuhao" href="#773" id="754">〔四〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">太平公主</span>奏<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">慧範</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">聖善寺</span>主，仍加三品，封公爵<a class="zhuhao" href="#774" id="755">〔五〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">則天</span>以<span class="zhuanming">薛懷義</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">白馬寺</span>主，盡由敕補<a class="zhuhao" href="#775" id="756">〔六〕</a>。自餘諸道，三年一代耳。</span> </p><p> <span>夫上座者，有三種焉。<span class="shuming">集異<a class="zhuhao" href="#776" id="757">〔七〕</a>足毗曇</span>云：一﹑生<a class="zhuhao" href="#777" id="758">〔八〕</a>年爲耆年；二﹑世俗財名與貴<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00117','1726549',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P117</span></i>族；</span> <span class="font12 zhu">如節度使<span class="zhuanming">劉總</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#778" id="759">〔九〕</a>出家，敕<a class="zhuhao" href="#779" id="760">〔一○〕</a>賜夏臘。</span> <span>三﹑先受戒及先證果。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">此名最勝。</span> <span>古今立此位，皆取其年德，幹局者充之。<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>多云「被敕爲某寺上座」是也。<span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>敕爲<span class="zhuanming">西明寺</span>上座<a class="zhuhao" href="#780" id="761">〔一一〕</a>，列寺主﹑維那之上。<span class="shuming">五運圖</span>中，敕補者繼有之。</span> </p><p> <span>都維那者，<span class="shuming">寄歸傳</span>云：<span class="zhuanming">華</span><span class="zhuanming">梵</span>兼舉也。維是綱維，<span class="zhuanming">華</span>言也。那是略<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>語，删去羯磨陀三字也<a class="zhuhao" href="#781" id="762">〔一二〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">魏孝文</span>以<span class="zhuanming">皇舅寺</span><span class="zhuanming">僧義法師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#782" id="763">〔一三〕</a>爲京邑都維那，則敕補也。是乃昭玄都維那耳。今寺中立者，如<span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#783" id="764">〔一四〕</a>敕爲<span class="zhuanming">總持寺</span>維那是也<a class="zhuhao" href="#784" id="765">〔一五〕</a>。次典座者，謂典主牀座。凡事舉座，一色以攝之，乃通典雜事也。或立直歲，則直一年，或直月﹑直半月﹑直日，皆悦衆也。隨方立之，都謂之三綱，雜任其僧綱也。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>初數葉，不立僧主，各寺設此三官而已。至<span class="zhuanming">元和</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">長慶</span>間，立左右街僧録，總録僧尼。或有事則先白録司，後報官方也。<span class="zhuanming">朱梁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">後唐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">周</span>﹑今<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span>皆循曩制矣。又<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>之世，曾立法主一員，故<span class="zhuanming">道猷</span>敕爲<span class="zhuanming">新安寺</span>鎮寺法主<a class="zhuhao" href="#785" id="766">〔一六〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">法瑗</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">湘宫寺</span>法主<a class="zhuhao" href="#786" id="767">〔一七〕</a>。至<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>末，多立受依止闍梨一員，亦稱法主。今朝秉律員位最高者號宗主，亦同也。依止闍梨，或當敕補者，蓋道俗之間，有争不分曲直，告其剖斷，令人息争，故號之也。<span class="zhuanming">周</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>之際，有<span class="zhuanming">法導</span>專精律範，<span class="zhuanming">北齊</span>主既敬法門，五衆斯盛，有犯律者，令<span class="zhuanming">遵</span>理之，敕爲斷事沙門。時有<span class="zhuanming">青</span><span class="zhuanming">齊</span>僧訟，敕令斷之，繁争自弭。至<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>，詔住<span class="zhuanming">大興善寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#787" id="768">〔一八〕</a>。斷事之名，<span class="zhuanming">遵</span>統爲始。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">後升爲統。</span> <span><span class="zhuanming">隋</span><span class="zhuanming">日<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00118','1726549',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P118</span></i>嚴寺</span><span class="zhuanming">釋彦琮</span>著<span class="shuming">僧官論</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#788" id="769">〔一九〕</a>，必廣明僧職，求本未獲耳。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#751" id="770">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">洛陽伽藍記</span>卷四：「<span class="zhuanming">白馬寺</span>，<span class="zhuanming">漢明帝</span>所立也。佛教入<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>之始。寺在<span class="zhuanming">西陽門</span>外三里御道南。帝夢金神長丈六，項背日月光明，<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>神號曰佛。遣使向<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>求之，乃得經像焉。時以白馬負經而來，因以爲名。」又：<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">攝摩騰傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">騰</span>所住處，今<span class="zhuanming">雒陽</span>城西<span class="zhuanming">雍門</span>外<span class="zhuanming">白馬寺</span>是也。相傳云：外國國王嘗毁破諸寺，唯<span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>未及毁壞。夜有一白馬繞塔悲鳴，即以啓王，王即停壞諸寺。因改『招提』以爲『白馬』。故諸寺立名，多取則焉。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#752" id="771">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">南史</span>卷八○<span class="shuming">賊臣傳</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">侯景</span>）又言於（<span class="zhuanming">高）歡</span>曰：『恨不得<span class="zhuanming">泰</span>。請兵三萬，横行天下；要須濟<span class="zhuanming">江</span>縛取<span class="zhuanming">蕭衍</span>老公，以作<span class="zhuanming">太平寺</span>主。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#753" id="772">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷一七<span class="shuming">隋京師清禪寺釋曇崇傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋曇崇</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">孟氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">咸陽</span>人。」「<span class="zhuanming">周武皇帝</span>特所欽承，乃下敕云：<span class="zhuanming">崇禪師</span>德行無玷，精悟獨絶。所預學徒，未聞有犯，當是導以德義，故則衆絶形清。可爲<span class="zhuanming">周國</span>三藏，並任<span class="zhuanming">陟岵寺</span>主。」卷一九<span class="shuming">唐終南山紫蓋沙門釋法藏傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋法藏</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">荀氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">潁川</span><span class="zhuanming">潁陰</span>人。……至<span class="zhuanming">宣帝</span><span class="zhuanming">大象</span>元年九月，下山謁帝，意崇三寶。到城南門，以不許入，進退論理。武候府上大夫<span class="zhuanming">拓王猛</span>﹑次大夫<span class="zhuanming">乙婁謙</span>問從何而來，朋侣何在，施主是誰。<span class="zhuanming">藏</span>報曰：<span class="zhuanming">建德</span>二年棄寺入山，三年四月方禁僧侣。惟<span class="zhuanming">藏</span>在山，餘並還俗。乃以俗法，抑出徒侣。<span class="zhuanming">藏</span>只一身在山，林谷爲家居，鳥獸爲徒侣，草木爲糧粒。然自惟忖，普天之下，莫非<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00119','1726549',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P119</span></i>王土，既居<span class="zhuanming">紫蓋</span>，噉食山糧，准此供給，則至尊所施。<span class="zhuanming">猛</span>等報奏，下敕曰：朕欲爲菩薩治化。此僧既從<span class="zhuanming">紫蓋山</span>來，正合朕意。宜令長髮著菩薩衣冠，爲<span class="zhuanming">陟岵寺</span>主。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#754" id="773">〔四〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">歷代三寶紀</span>卷一二：「<span class="zhuanming">開皇</span>元年，新經至止，敕便追召。二年七月，傳送到京。見勞慇懃，即勒安處<span class="zhuanming">大興善寺</span>，給以上供，爲法重人。其年季冬，就手翻譯，沙門<span class="zhuanming">僧璨</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">明芬</span>，給事<span class="zhuanming">李道寶</span>，學士<span class="zhuanming">曇皮</span>等僧俗四人，更遞度語。京城大德昭玄統沙門<span class="zhuanming">曇延</span>，昭玄都<span class="zhuanming">大興善寺</span>主沙門<span class="zhuanming">靈藏</span>等二十餘德，監掌始末。」<span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷二一<span class="shuming">隋京師大興善寺釋靈藏傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋靈藏</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">王氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">雍州</span><span class="zhuanming">新豐</span>人也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#755" id="774">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一八三<span class="shuming">外戚</span><span class="shuming">武承嗣傳</span>附<span class="shuming">太平公主傳</span>：「有<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">惠範</span>，家富於財寶，善事權貴，<span class="zhuanming">（太平）公主</span>與之私，奏爲<span class="zhuanming">聖善寺</span>主，加三品，封公，殖貨流於<span class="zhuanming">江</span><span class="zhuanming">劍</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#756" id="775">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">新唐書</span>卷七六<span class="shuming">后妃上</span><span class="shuming">則天皇后傳</span>：「詔毁<span class="zhuanming">乾元殿</span>爲明堂，以浮屠<span class="zhuanming">薛懷義</span>爲使督作。<span class="zhuanming">懷義</span>，<span class="zhuanming">鄠</span>人，本<span class="zhuanming">馮氏</span>，名<span class="zhuanming">小寶</span>，偉岸淫毒，佯狂<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>市，<span class="zhuanming">千金公主</span>嬖之。主上言：『<span class="zhuanming">小寶</span>可入侍。』后召與私，悦之。欲掩迹，得通籍出入，使祝髮爲浮屠，拜<span class="zhuanming">白馬寺</span>主。詔與<span class="zhuanming">太平公主</span>婿<span class="zhuanming">薛紹</span>通昭穆，<span class="zhuanming">紹</span>父事之。給厩馬，中官爲騶侍，雖<span class="zhuanming">承嗣</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">三思</span>皆尊事惟謹。至是護作，士數萬，巨木率一章千人乃能引。又度明堂後爲天堂，鴻麗嚴奥次之。堂成，拜左威衛大將軍﹑<span class="zhuanming">梁國公</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#757" id="776">〔七〕</a><span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：「『異』下恐脱『門』字。蓋『集異門足』者，論之名也。」底本校記：「異＋（門）。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00120','1726549',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P120</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#758" id="777">〔八〕</a><span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：「生，或作『初』。」底本校記：「生＝初。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#759" id="778">〔九〕</a>總：底本作「綐」，據<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。<span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一六<span class="shuming">穆宗本紀</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">長慶</span>元年二月）己卯，<span class="zhuanming">幽州</span>節度使<span class="zhuanming">劉總</span>奏請去位落髮爲僧。……（三月）甲子，<span class="zhuanming">劉總</span>請以私第爲佛寺，乃遣中使賜寺額曰『報恩』。<span class="zhuanming">幽州</span>奏<span class="zhuanming">劉總</span>堅請爲僧，又賜以僧衣，賜號『大覺』。<span class="zhuanming">總</span>是夜遁去，<span class="zhuanming">幽州</span>人不知所之。……夏四月丙寅朔，授<span class="zhuanming">劉總</span>弟<span class="zhuanming">約</span>及<span class="zhuanming">總</span>男等一十一人官，内五人爲刺史，餘朝班環衛。庚午，<span class="zhuanming">易定</span>奏<span class="zhuanming">劉總</span>已爲僧，三月二十七日卒於當道界，贈太尉。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#760" id="779">〔一○〕</a>敕：底本作「物」，據<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#761" id="780">〔一一〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一四<span class="shuming">唐京兆西明寺道宣傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋道宣</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">錢氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">丹徒</span>人也。一云<span class="zhuanming">長城</span>人。其先出自<span class="zhuanming">廣陵</span>太守<span class="zhuanming">讓</span>之後。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#762" id="781">〔一二〕</a><span class="shuming">南海寄歸内法傳</span>卷四<span class="shuming">灌沐尊儀</span>：「授事者，<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>云羯磨陀那。陀那是授，羯磨是事。意道以衆雜事指授於人。舊云維那者，非也。維是<span class="zhuanming">周</span>語，意道綱維。那是<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>音，略去羯磨陀字。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#763" id="782">〔一三〕</a><span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷二四<span class="shuming">僧行篇第五之二</span><span class="zhuanming">北魏</span><span class="zhuanming">孝文帝</span><span class="shuming">帝以僧顯爲沙門都統詔</span>：「今欲毗德贊善，固須其人。<span class="zhuanming">皇舅寺</span>法師<span class="zhuanming">僧義</span>，行恭神暢，温聰謹正。業懋道優，用膺副翼。可都維那，以光賢徒。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#764" id="783">〔一四〕</a>玄暢：參「左右銜僧録」條注一一。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#765" id="784">〔一五〕</a>也：底本誤爲「地」，據餘諸本改。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00121','1726549',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P121</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#766" id="785">〔一六〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷七<span class="shuming">釋道猷傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋道猷</span>，<span class="zhuanming">吴</span>人。……及<span class="zhuanming">孝武</span>升位，尤相歎重，乃敕住<span class="zhuanming">新安</span>，爲鎮寺法主。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#767" id="786">〔一七〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷八<span class="shuming">釋法瑗傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋法瑗</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">辛</span>，<span class="zhuanming">隴西</span>人。……及<span class="zhuanming">明帝</span>造<span class="zhuanming">湘宫</span>新成，大開講肆，妙選英僧，敕請<span class="zhuanming">瑗</span>充當法主。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#768" id="787">〔一八〕</a>按：「法導」，當爲「洪遵」之誤。<span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷二一<span class="shuming">隋西京大興善寺釋洪遵傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋洪遵</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">時氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">相州</span>人也。八歲出家，從師請業，屢高聲駕。及受具後，專學律部。……年踰十臘，方歸律宗，四遠望風，堂盈千計，時爲榮大也。<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>主既敞教門，言承付囑。五衆有墜憲網者，皆據内律治之。以<span class="zhuanming">遵</span>學聲早舉，策授爲斷事沙門。時<span class="zhuanming">青</span><span class="zhuanming">齊</span>諸衆，連諍經久，乃徹天聽，無由息訟，下敕令往。<span class="zhuanming">遵</span>以法和喻，以律科懲，曲感物情，繁諍自弭。由是更增時美，法侣欣之。及<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>曆將季，擅名逾遠，而非類不交，惟道同轍。名儒大德，見輒慕從，常與<span class="zhuanming">慧遠</span>等名僧通宵造晝。<span class="zhuanming">周</span>平<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>日，隱于<span class="zhuanming">白鹿巖</span>中。及宣政搜揚，被舉住於<span class="zhuanming">嵩岳</span>。德不孤峙，衆復屯歸。<span class="zhuanming">大隋</span>廓定，招賢四海，<span class="zhuanming">開皇</span>七年，下敕追詣京闕，與五大德同時奉見。特蒙勞引，令住<span class="zhuanming">興善</span>。并十弟子，四事供養。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#769" id="788">〔一九〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷二<span class="shuming">隋東都上林園翻經館沙門釋彦琮傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋彦琮</span>，俗緣<span class="zhuanming">李氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">趙郡</span><span class="zhuanming">柏人</span>人也。」「著<span class="shuming">福田論</span>﹑<span class="shuming">僧官論</span>﹑<span class="shuming">慈悲論</span>﹑<span class="shuming">默語論</span>﹑<span class="shuming">鬼神録</span>，<span class="shuming">通極論</span>﹑<span class="shuming">辯聖論</span>﹑<span class="shuming">通學論</span>﹑<span class="shuming">善知識録</span>等，並賦詞弘贍，精理通顯。」<span class="shuming">僧官論</span>一卷，<span class="shuming">大唐内典録</span>卷五﹑<span class="shuming">法苑珠林</span>卷一○○有著録。<span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00122','1726549',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P122</span></i>「<span class="shuming">僧官論</span>，逸書也。<span class="zhuanming">寧公</span>謂廣明僧職者，蓋廣明僧官非法之謂乎？」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
僧史略序
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137956" key="1137956"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 僧史略序 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137957" key="1137957"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-E00001','1726504',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P1</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000008"><b>僧史略序</b></p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">高氏</span>，其先<span class="zhuanming">渤海</span>人。出家<span class="zhuanming">杭</span>之<span class="zhuanming">祥符</span>，習<span class="zhuanming">南山</span>律<a class="zhuhao" href="#43" id="31">〔一〕</a>，著述毗尼<a class="zhuhao" href="#44" id="32">〔二〕</a>，時謂「律虎」，賜號「明義宗文」。<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>三年，<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>聞其名，召對<span class="zhuanming">滋福殿</span>，延問彌日，更賜「通慧」，敕住右街<span class="zhuanming">天壽寺</span>，命修僧史。又詔修<span class="shuming">大宋高僧傳</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#45" id="33">〔三〕</a>三十卷，及<span class="shuming">三教聖賢事迹</span>一百卷。又著内典集一百五十卷，外學集四十九卷。内翰<span class="zhuanming">王禹偁</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#46" id="34">〔四〕</a>作<span class="shuming">文集序</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#47" id="35">〔五〕</a>，極其贊美。<span class="zhuanming">至道</span>中示寂。<span class="zhuanming">崇寧</span>四年，加謚「圓明」。如<span class="shuming">僧傳排韻</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#48" id="36">〔六〕</a>第二十四引<span class="shuming">釋門<a class="zhuhao" href="#49" id="37">〔七〕</a>正統</span>第三﹑<span class="shuming">佛祖通載</span>第十八﹑<span class="shuming">稽古略</span>第三。惟夫作者以博達之資，列事物興廢者凡五十九條，以示諸新學，可謂千載<span class="zhuanming">趙</span>璧<a class="zhuhao" href="#50" id="38">〔八〕</a>矣。從事佛乘者，誰得不仰餘光乎？然而本書但有<span class="zhuanming">慶長</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#51" id="39">〔九〕</a>舊板一本而已，流行亦甚寡矣。<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>諸士竊慨歎之，將改刻弘于世，囑予以校訂。予也拙陋，豈能得盡之乎哉！苟有不可者，則待後鑑。適爲寒鄉乏書者，揭作者略傳，併爲此之序。</span> </p><p> <span>時<span class="zhuanming">明治</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#52" id="40">〔一○〕</a>十六年四月佛生日沙門<span class="zhuanming">行誡</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#53" id="41">〔一一〕</a>識于<span class="zhuanming">三緣山</span>山房<a class="zhuhao" href="#54" id="42">〔一二〕</a>。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-E00002','1726504',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P2</span></i>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#31" id="43">〔一〕</a>南山律：<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>所撰述的律部典籍。按：<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">釋道宣</span>一生大部分時間居<span class="zhuanming">終南山</span>，故世稱<span class="zhuanming">南山律師</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">南山大師</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#32" id="44">〔二〕</a>毗尼：<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>文音譯，又譯爲毗奈耶，是戒律的總名。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#33" id="45">〔三〕</a>按：「大宋高僧傳」，底本作「大宋高傳」，據<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>本補。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#34" id="46">〔四〕</a>偁：底本誤爲「儞」。下同。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#35" id="47">〔五〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">文集序</span>，即<span class="shuming">左街僧録通惠大師文集序</span>，見<span class="zhuanming">王禹偁</span><span class="shuming">小畜集</span>卷二○。參見本書附録。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#36" id="48">〔六〕</a>僧傳排韻：<span class="zhuanming">日</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">堯恕</span>編，凡一○八卷。是書依<span class="shuming">韻會</span>百八韻之順序，整理排列<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>撰述的僧傳等所列之僧名，並記略傳及其出典。相當於我國各種僧傳之索引。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#37" id="49">〔七〕</a>門：底本誤爲「聞」。<span class="shuming">釋門正統</span>，<span class="zhuanming">南宋</span><span class="zhuanming">宗鑑</span>仿<span class="shuming">史記</span>體例，以<span class="zhuanming">天台</span>宗爲正統而編撰的一部佛教史書。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#38" id="50">〔八〕</a>趙璧：<span class="zhuanming">趙國</span>之<span class="zhuanming">和氏</span>璧。喻極其珍貴，爲無價之寶也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#39" id="51">〔九〕</a>慶長：<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>年號，時在一五九六年至一六一五年之間。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#40" id="52">〔一○〕</a>明治：<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>年號，底本誤爲「治治」。<span class="zhuanming">明治</span>十六年，即一八八三年。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#41" id="53">〔一一〕</a>行誡：即<span class="zhuanming">福田行誡</span>，是<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">明治</span>時期著名高僧。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#42" id="54">〔一二〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>本此後有「門下乞士循誘欽書」題記。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
國師
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137960" key="1137960"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 國師 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137961" key="1137961"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00113','1726548',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P113</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000094">國師</p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">西域</span>之法，推重其人，内外攸同，正邪俱有。昔尼犍子信婆羅門法，國王封爲國師。内則學通三藏，兼達五明，舉國歸依，乃彰斯號。聲教東漸，唯<span class="zhuanming">北齊</span>有高僧<span class="zhuanming">法常</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#741" id="731">〔一〕</a>，初演<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00114','1726548',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P114</span></i>毗尼，有聲<span class="zhuanming">鄴下</span>。後講<span class="shuming">涅槃</span>，并受禪數。<span class="zhuanming">齊王</span>崇爲國師。國師之號，自<span class="zhuanming">常公</span>始也。殆<span class="zhuanming">陳</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>之代，有<span class="zhuanming">天台</span><span class="zhuanming">知顗禪師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#742" id="732">〔二〕</a>，爲<span class="zhuanming">陳宣</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">隋煬</span>菩薩戒師，故時號國師。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">即無封署。</span> <span>至<span class="zhuanming">則天</span>朝，<span class="zhuanming">神秀</span>領徒<span class="zhuanming">荆州</span>，召入京師。<span class="zhuanming">中</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">睿</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">玄</span>四朝，皆號爲國師<a class="zhuhao" href="#743" id="733">〔三〕</a>。後有禪門<span class="zhuanming">慧忠</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#744" id="734">〔四〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">肅</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">代</span>之時，入宫禁中，説禪觀法，亦號國師。<span class="zhuanming">元和</span>中，敕署<span class="zhuanming">知玄</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#745" id="735">〔五〕</a>曰<span class="zhuanming">悟達國師</span>。若偏霸之國，則<span class="zhuanming">蜀後主</span>賜右街僧録<span class="zhuanming">光業</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">祐聖國師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#746" id="736">〔六〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">吴越</span>稱<span class="zhuanming">德韶</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#747" id="737">〔七〕</a>爲國師，<span class="zhuanming">江南</span><span class="zhuanming">唐國</span>署<span class="zhuanming">文遂</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#748" id="738">〔八〕</a>爲國大導師也。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">導師之名而含二義：若<span class="shuming">法華經</span>中，商人白導師言，此即引路指迷<a class="zhuhao" href="#749" id="739">〔九〕</a>也；若唱導之師，此即表白也。故<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">衡陽王</span>鎮<span class="zhuanming">江陵</span>，因齋會無有導師，請<span class="zhuanming">曇光</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#750" id="740">〔一○〕</a>爲導。及<span class="zhuanming">明帝</span>設會，見<span class="zhuanming">光</span>唱導稱善，敕賜三衣瓶鉢焉。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#731" id="741">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷一六<span class="shuming">後梁荆州覆船山釋法常傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋法常</span>，<span class="zhuanming">高齊</span>時人。領徒講律，有聲<span class="zhuanming">漳鄴</span>。後講<span class="shuming">涅盤</span>，并授禪數。<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>主崇爲國師。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#732" id="742">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷一七<span class="shuming">隋國師智者天台山國清寺釋智顗傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋智顗</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">德安</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">陳氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">潁川</span>人也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#733" id="743">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷八<span class="shuming">唐荆州當陽山度門寺神秀傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋神秀</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">李氏</span>，今東京<span class="zhuanming">尉氏</span>人也。……<span class="zhuanming">秀</span>乃往<span class="zhuanming">江陵</span><span class="zhuanming">當陽山</span>居焉。四海緇徒，嚮風而靡，道譽馨香，普蒙熏灼。<span class="zhuanming">則天太后</span>聞之召赴都，肩輿上殿，親加跪禮。内道場豐其供施，時時問道。敕於昔住山置<span class="zhuanming">度門寺</span>，以旌其德。<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00115','1726548',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P115</span></i>時王公已下京邑士庶，競至禮謁，望塵拜伏，日有萬計。洎<span class="zhuanming">中宗孝和帝</span>即位，尤加寵重。中書令<span class="zhuanming">張説</span>嘗問法，執弟子禮，退謂人曰：『禪師身長八尺，厖眉秀目，威德巍巍，王霸之器也。』……<span class="zhuanming">秀</span>以<span class="zhuanming">神龍</span>二年卒。士庶皆來送葬，詔賜謚曰『大通禪師』。又於<span class="zhuanming">相王</span>舊邸造<span class="zhuanming">報恩寺</span>，<span class="zhuanming">岐王</span><span class="zhuanming">範</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">燕國公</span><span class="zhuanming">張説</span>﹑徵士<span class="zhuanming">盧鴻</span>各爲碑誄。」按：其<span class="zhuanming">中宗</span>「<span class="zhuanming">神龍</span>二年卒」，自不可能爲<span class="zhuanming">睿</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">玄</span>兩朝之國師也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#734" id="744">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷九<span class="shuming">唐均州武當山慧忠傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋慧忠</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">冉氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">越州</span><span class="zhuanming">諸暨</span>人也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#735" id="745">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">唐彭州丹景山知玄傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋知玄</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">後覺</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">陳氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">眉州</span><span class="zhuanming">洪雅</span>人也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#736" id="746">〔六〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">唐彭州丹景山知玄傳</span>：<span class="zhuanming">知玄</span>「法孫右街僧録<span class="zhuanming">覺輝</span>，<span class="zhuanming">輝</span>弟子<span class="zhuanming">僞蜀</span><span class="zhuanming">祐聖國師</span>重孫<span class="zhuanming">光業</span>僧録，綿綿瓜瓞，皆名公也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#737" id="747">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一三<span class="shuming">大宋天台山德韶傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋德韶</span>者，姓<span class="zhuanming">陳氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">縉雲</span>人也。……<span class="zhuanming">漢南國王</span><span class="zhuanming">錢氏</span>嘗理<span class="zhuanming">丹丘</span>，<span class="zhuanming">韶</span>有先見之明，謂曰：『他日爲國王，當興佛法。』其言信矣。遣使入山旁午，後署大禪師號。每有言時，無不符合。……至今<span class="zhuanming">江</span><span class="zhuanming">浙</span>間謂爲『大和尚』焉。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#738" id="748">〔八〕</a>文遂：<span class="zhuanming">吉州</span>人。和<span class="zhuanming">德韶</span>等均爲<span class="zhuanming">後周</span><span class="zhuanming">文益</span>之弟子。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#739" id="749">〔九〕</a>迷：底本作「述」，據校記及<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#740" id="750">〔一○〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一三<span class="shuming">釋曇光傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋曇光</span>，<span class="zhuanming">會稽</span>人。隨師止<span class="zhuanming">江陵</span><span class="zhuanming">長沙寺</span>。性意嗜五經﹑詩賦，及算數卜筮，無不貫解。年將三十，喟然歎曰：『吾從來所習，皆是俗事。佛法深理，未染一<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00116','1726548',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P116</span></i>毫。豈剪落所宜耶？』乃屏舊業，聽諸經論，識悟過人，一聞便達。<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">衡陽文王</span><span class="zhuanming">義季</span>鎮<span class="zhuanming">荆州</span>，求覓意理沙門共談佛法。罄境推<span class="zhuanming">光</span>，以當鴻任。<span class="zhuanming">光</span>固辭，王自詣房敦請，遂從命焉。給車服人力，月供一萬。每設齋會，無有導師，王謂<span class="zhuanming">光</span>曰：『奬導群生，唯德之本。上人何得爲辭？願必自力。』<span class="zhuanming">光</span>乃迴心習唱，製造懺文。每執爐處衆，輒道俗傾仰。後還都止<span class="zhuanming">靈味寺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">義陽王</span><span class="zhuanming">旭</span>出鎮<span class="zhuanming">北徐</span>，攜<span class="zhuanming">光</span>同行。及<span class="zhuanming">景和</span>失德，<span class="zhuanming">義陽</span>起事，以<span class="zhuanming">光</span>預見，乃齎七曜以決<span class="zhuanming">光</span>，<span class="zhuanming">光</span>杜口無言，故事寧獲免。<span class="zhuanming">宋明帝</span>於<span class="zhuanming">湘宫</span>設會，聞<span class="zhuanming">光</span>唱導，帝稱善，即敕賜三衣瓶鉢。後卒於寺中，年六十五。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
參考文獻
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137965" key="1137965"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 參考文獻 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137966" key="1137966"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00010','1726503',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P10</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000007"><b>參考文獻</b></p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">説明：（一）按書名首字筆畫數排列。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">（二）校注中所引内典，凡未列入此「參考文獻」者，皆據<span class="shuming">大正藏</span>﹑<span class="shuming">卍續藏</span>本。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">入唐求法巡禮行記校注</span>，（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）<span class="zhuanming">圓仁</span>撰，（<span class="zhuanming">日</span>）<span class="zhuanming">小野勝年</span>校注，<span class="zhuanming">白化文</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">李鼎霞</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">許德楠</span>修訂校注，<span class="zhuanming">周一良</span>審閲，<span class="zhuanming">花山文藝出版社</span>，一九九二年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">大唐西域求法高僧傳校注</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">義浄</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">王邦維</span>校注，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，二○○○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">大唐西域記校注</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">玄奘</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">辯機</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">季羡林</span>等校注，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九八五年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">大慈恩寺三藏法師傳</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">慧立</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">彦悰</span>著，<span class="zhuanming">孫毓棠</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">謝方</span>點校，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，二○○○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">大藏經總目提要</span><span class="shuming">文史藏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">陳士强</span>著，<span class="zhuanming">上海古籍出版社</span>，二○○八年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">小畜集</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">王禹偁</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">上海</span><span class="zhuanming">商務印書館</span><span class="shuming">四部叢刊初編</span>本，一九一九年。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00011','1726503',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P11</span></i> <span><span class="shuming">五代史補</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">陶岳</span>撰，<span class="shuming">文淵閣四庫全書</span>本，<span class="zhuanming">臺灣</span><span class="zhuanming">商務印書館</span>影印，一九八六年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">太平御覽</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">李昉</span>等編，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九六○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">比丘尼傳校注</span>，<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">寶唱</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">王孺童</span>校注，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，二○○六年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">中國佛教史籍概論</span>，<span class="zhuanming">陳垣</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">上海書店出版社</span>，二○○五年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">六一詩話</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">歐陽修</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span><span class="shuming">歐陽修全集</span>本，二○○一年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">六朝事迹編類</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">張敦頤</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">張忱石</span>點校，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，二○一一年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">文苑英華</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">李昉</span>等編，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九六六年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">文獻通考</span>，<span class="zhuanming">元</span><span class="zhuanming">馬端臨</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，二○一一年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">世説新語箋疏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">余嘉錫</span>箋疏，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，二○○七年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">古今注</span>，<span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">崔豹</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">上海</span><span class="zhuanming">商務印書館</span><span class="shuming">叢書集成初編</span>本，一九三七年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">北史</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">李延壽</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>點校本，一九七四年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">史記</span>，<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">司馬遷</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>點校本，一九五九年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">册府元龜</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">王欽若</span>等編，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九六○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>，<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">僧祐</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">蘇晋仁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">蕭鍊子</span>點校，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九九五年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">老子校釋</span>，<span class="zhuanming">朱謙之</span>校釋，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九八四年。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00012','1726503',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P12</span></i> <span><span class="shuming">列女傳今注今譯</span>，<span class="zhuanming">張敬</span>注譯，<span class="zhuanming">臺灣</span><span class="zhuanming">商務印書館</span>，一九九四年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">列子集釋</span>，<span class="zhuanming">楊伯峻</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九七九年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">西湖遊覽志</span>，<span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="zhuanming">田汝成</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">上海古籍出版社</span>，一九八○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">西湖遊覽志餘</span>，<span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="zhuanming">田汝成</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">上海古籍出版社</span>，一九八○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">西溪叢語</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">姚寬</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">孔凡禮</span>點校，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九九三年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">全唐文</span>，<span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="zhuanming">董誥</span>等編，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九八三年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">全唐詩補編</span>，<span class="zhuanming">陳尚君</span>編，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九九二年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">酉陽雜俎</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">段成式</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">方南生</span>點校，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九八一年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">佛教文化與歷史</span>，<span class="zhuanming">蘇晋仁</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中央民族大學出版社</span>，一九九八年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">宋史</span>，<span class="zhuanming">元</span><span class="zhuanming">脱脱</span>等撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>點校本，一九七七年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">范祥雍</span>點校，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九八七年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">宋書</span>，<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">沈約</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>點校本，一九七四年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">宋會要輯稿</span>，<span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="zhuanming">徐松</span>輯，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九五七年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">東觀奏記</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">裴庭裕</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">田廷柱</span>點校，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九九四年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">事物紀原</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">高承</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="zhuanming">李果</span>訂，<span class="zhuanming">金圓</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">許沛藻</span>點校，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九八九年。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00013','1726503',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P13</span></i> <span><span class="shuming">周易</span>，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span><span class="shuming">十三經注疏</span>本，一九八○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">周紹良先生欣開九秩慶壽文集</span>，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九九七年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">周禮</span>，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span><span class="shuming">十三經注疏</span>本，一九八○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">法苑珠林校注</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">道世</span>編，<span class="zhuanming">周叔迦</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">蘇晋仁</span>校注，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，二○○三年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">法顯傳校注</span>，<span class="zhuanming">東晋</span><span class="zhuanming">法顯</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">章巽</span>校注，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，二○○八年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">孟子</span>，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span><span class="shuming">十三經注疏</span>本，一九八○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">建康實録</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">許嵩</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">張忱石</span>點校，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九八六年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">春秋左傳注</span>，<span class="zhuanming">楊伯峻</span>注，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九九○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">南海寄歸内法傳校注</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">義浄</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">王邦維</span>校注，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九九五年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">南齊書</span>，<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">蕭子顯</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>點校本，一九七二年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">咸淳臨安志</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">潛説友</span>撰，<span class="shuming">文淵閣四庫全書</span>本，<span class="zhuanming">臺灣</span><span class="zhuanming">商務印書館</span>影印，一九八六年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">侯鯖録</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">趙令畤</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">孔凡禮</span>點校，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，二○○二年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">後漢書</span>，<span class="zhuanming">劉宋</span><span class="zhuanming">范曄</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>點校本，一九六五年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">洛陽伽藍記校釋</span>，<span class="zhuanming">北魏</span><span class="zhuanming">楊衒之</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">周祖謨</span>校釋，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，二○一○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">洛陽搢紳舊聞記</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">張齊賢</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九八五年。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00014','1726503',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P14</span></i> <span><span class="shuming">癸巳類稿</span>，<span class="zhuanming">清</span><span class="zhuanming">俞正燮</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">遼寧教育出版社</span><span class="shuming">新世紀萬有文庫</span>本，二○○一年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">晋書</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">房玄齡</span>等撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>點校本，一九七四年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>，<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">慧皎</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">湯用彤</span>校注，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九九二年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">唐大詔令集</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">宋敏求</span>編，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，二○○八年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">唐才子傳校箋</span>第一册，<span class="zhuanming">傅璇琮</span>主編，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九八七年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">唐會要</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">王溥</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九五五年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">陳垣學術論文集</span>第一集，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九八○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">通典</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">杜佑</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">王文錦</span>等點校，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九八八年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">國語集解</span>，<span class="zhuanming">徐元誥</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">王樹民</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">沈長雲</span>點校，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，二○○二年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">崇正辯</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">胡寅</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">容肇祖</span>點校，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九九三年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">梁書</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">姚思廉</span>等撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>點校本，一九七三年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">隋唐五代墓誌匯編（陝西卷）</span>，<span class="zhuanming">陳長安</span>主編，<span class="zhuanming">天津古籍出版社</span>，二○○九年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">隋唐佛教史稿</span>，<span class="zhuanming">湯用彤</span>著，<span class="zhuanming">北京大學出版社</span>，二○一○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">隋書</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">魏徵</span>等撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>點校本，一九七三年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">雲麓漫鈔</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">趙彦衛</span>著，<span class="zhuanming">傅根清</span>點校，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九九六年。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00015','1726503',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P15</span></i> <span><span class="shuming">敦煌資料考屑</span>，<span class="zhuanming">陳祚龍</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">臺灣</span><span class="zhuanming">商務印書館</span>，一九七九年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">詩經</span>，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span><span class="shuming">十三經注疏</span>本，一九八○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">資治通鑑</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">司馬光</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>點校本，一九五六年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">新五代史</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">歐陽修</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>點校本，一九七四年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">新唐書</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">歐陽修</span>等撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>點校本，一九七五年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">説文解字</span>，<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">許慎</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九六三年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">廣韻校本</span>，<span class="zhuanming">周祖謨</span>校，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九六○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">漢書</span>，<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">班固</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>點校本，一九六二年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">漢魏兩晋南北朝佛教史</span>，<span class="zhuanming">湯用彤</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">北京大學出版社</span>，二○一一年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">論語</span>，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span><span class="shuming">十三經注疏</span>本，一九八○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">藏外佛教文獻</span>第七輯，<span class="zhuanming">方廣錩</span>編，<span class="zhuanming">宗教文化出版社</span>，二○○○年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">舊五代史</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">薛居正</span>等撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>點校本，一九七六年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>，<span class="zhuanming">後晋</span><span class="zhuanming">劉昫</span>等撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>點校本，一九七五年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">魏晋南北朝隋唐史資料</span>第一八輯，<span class="zhuanming">武漢大學出版社</span>，二○○一年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">禮記</span>，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span><span class="shuming">十三經注疏</span>本，一九八○年。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00016','1726503',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P16</span></i> <span><span class="shuming">顔氏家訓集解</span>，<span class="zhuanming">北齊</span><span class="zhuanming">顔之推</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">王利器</span>集解，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九九三年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">釋氏疑年録</span>，<span class="zhuanming">陳垣</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九六四年。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">釋名</span>，<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">劉熙</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span><span class="shuming">叢書集成初編</span>本，一九八五年。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
講經論首座
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137969" key="1137969"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 講經論首座 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137970" key="1137970"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00111','1726547',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P111</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000092">講經論首座</p><p> <span>首座之名，即上座也。居席之端，處僧之上，故曰<a class="zhuhao" href="#727" id="723">〔一〕</a>也。尋<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>世，敕<span class="zhuanming">辯章</span>檢校修寺，<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>賞其功，署三教首座<a class="zhuhao" href="#728" id="724">〔二〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">元和</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">端甫</span>止稱三教談論<a class="zhuhao" href="#729" id="725">〔三〕</a>，蓋以帝王誕節，偶屬徵呼，登内殿而讚揚，對異宗而商榷，故標三教之字，未必該通六籍，博綜二篇，通本教之諸科，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00112','1726547',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P112</span></i>控群賢而傑出。而脱或<a class="zhuhao" href="#730" id="726">〔四〕</a>遍善他宗，原精我教，對王臣而無畏，挫執滯而有功，膺于此名，則無愧色矣。次後經論之學，或置首座。三教首座，則<span class="zhuanming">辯章</span>爲始也。<span class="zhuanming">朱梁</span>洎<span class="zhuanming">周</span>，或除或立，悉謂隨時。今<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span>有講經講論首座，乃僧録之外别立耳。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#723" id="727">〔一〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本「曰」後有「首座」二字。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#724" id="728">〔二〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">辯章</span>「檢校修寺」當指其修廢<span class="zhuanming">總持寺</span>事。<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一六<span class="shuming">唐京兆聖壽寺慧靈傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>七年，<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>幸<span class="zhuanming">莊嚴寺</span>禮佛牙，登大塔，宣問耆年，乃賜紫衣。其年六月，敕補<span class="zhuanming">靈</span>爲新寺上座矣。帝望寺西北廢<span class="zhuanming">總持寺</span>，乃下敕曰：『朕以政閑賞景，幸于<span class="zhuanming">莊嚴</span>，其寺複殿重廊，連甍比棟，幽房祕宇，窈窕疏通，密竹翠松，垂陰擢秀，行而迷道，天下<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>宫，高明寡匹。當建之時，以京城西<span class="zhuanming">昆明池</span>勢微下，乃建木浮圖，高三百尺。藩邸之時，遊此伽藍，覩斯勝事。其<span class="zhuanming">總持寺</span>，<span class="zhuanming">大業</span>中立，規制與<span class="zhuanming">莊嚴寺</span>正同，今容像則毁，忍草隨荒，香徑蕪侵，尚存基址。其寺宜許重建，以副予心。』三月十一日，令三教首座<span class="zhuanming">辯章</span>勾當修寺。及畢工，推<span class="zhuanming">靈</span>爲綱任，<span class="zhuanming">崇聖寺</span>賜紫<span class="zhuanming">叡川</span>充寺主，<span class="zhuanming">福壽寺</span>臨壇大德賜紫<span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span>充都維那。」據文意，<span class="zhuanming">辯章</span>「勾當修寺」應在<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>八年，畢工當在<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>九年前後。「<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>賞其功，署三教首座」，亦當在此<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>九年畢工之後。此云「令三教首座<span class="zhuanming">辯章</span>勾當修寺」者，并非其時已爲三教首座也。<span class="shuming">佛祖歷代通載</span>卷一六曰：「乙亥，法師<span class="zhuanming">辨（辯）章</span>爲三教首座。」乙亥，即<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>九年。<span class="shuming">釋氏稽古略</span>卷三：<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00113','1726547',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P113</span></i>「丙子<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>十年，敕法師<span class="zhuanming">辯章</span>爲三教首座。」<span class="shuming">歷代編年釋氏通鑑</span>卷一一亦曰：「丙子，□□師<span class="zhuanming">辨章</span>爲三教首座。」則爲<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>十年矣。然<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二曰：「（<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>）八年，敕三教首座<span class="zhuanming">辯章</span>充左街僧録，沙門<span class="zhuanming">僧徹</span>充右街僧録。」疑不能明矣。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#725" id="729">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">唐京師大安國寺端甫傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋端甫</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">趙氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">天水</span>人也。……<span class="zhuanming">甫</span>又夢<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>僧以舍利滿瑠璃器使吞之，且曰：『三藏大教，盡貯汝腹矣。』自是經﹑律﹑論無敵於當時。囊括川注，逢源會委，滔滔然莫能濟其畔岸矣。夫將欲伐株杌於情田，雨甘露於法種者，固必有勇智宏辯歟？無何，謁<span class="zhuanming">文殊</span>於<span class="zhuanming">清涼</span>，衆聖皆現；演大經於<span class="zhuanming">太原</span>，傾都畢會。<span class="zhuanming">德宗皇帝</span>聞其名，徵之，一見大悦，常出入禁中，與儒道議論。」<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四一：「（<span class="zhuanming">貞元</span>）十三年，敕沙門<span class="zhuanming">端甫</span>入内殿，與儒道論議，賜紫方袍。」又，「<span class="zhuanming">元和</span>元年，敕沙門<span class="zhuanming">端甫</span>録左街僧事，掌内殿法儀。」<span class="shuming">佛祖歷代通載</span>卷一六：「（<span class="zhuanming">開成</span>）元年，左街僧録内供奉三教談論引駕大德<span class="zhuanming">安國寺</span>上座賜紫<span class="zhuanming">大達法師</span><span class="zhuanming">端甫</span>卒。」史館修撰<span class="zhuanming">裴休</span>製<span class="zhuanming">玄祕塔</span>碑文。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#726" id="730">〔四〕</a>脱或：倘若。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
三
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137973" key="1137973"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 前言 &gt; 三 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137974" key="1137974"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00005','1726502',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P5</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000005">三</p><p> <span><span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>的版本，現在可知最早的爲<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">真福寺</span>藏本。<span class="zhuanming">嚴紹璗</span>先生編著<span class="shuming">日藏漢籍善本書録</span>中册「子部」「釋家類」著録曰：「<span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>三卷，（<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>）<span class="zhuanming">釋贊寧</span>撰，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">紹興</span>十四年（一一四四年）序刊本，<span class="zhuanming">名古屋</span><span class="zhuanming">真福寺</span>藏本，原<span class="zhuanming">大須觀音</span>等舊藏。按：每半葉十二行，行二十五字。附録：<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">南北朝</span><span class="zhuanming">北朝</span><span class="zhuanming">崇光天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">文和</span>二年（一三五三年）<span class="zhuanming">東福寺</span>第二十八世住持<span class="zhuanming">大道一以</span>編纂<span class="shuming">普門院經論章疏語録儒書等目録</span>，其中『律部』著録<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>一卷，此係一二四一年（<span class="zhuanming">中國</span><span class="zhuanming">宋理宗</span><span class="zhuanming">淳祐</span>元年，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">四條天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">延應</span>三年）<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>高僧<span class="zhuanming">聖一國師</span><span class="zhuanming">圓爾辯圓</span>從<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>攜帶歸國。<span class="zhuanming">後光明天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">慶安</span>四年（一六五一年）<span class="zhuanming">京都</span><span class="zhuanming">堤六左衛門</span>刊印<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">釋贊寧</span>奉敕所編撰<span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>三卷並附<span class="shuming">紹興朝旨改正僧道班列文字一集</span>。其後，此本有<span class="zhuanming">靈元天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">延寶</span>八年（一六八一年）<span class="zhuanming">淺野久兵衛</span>重印本。」<span class="zhuanming">真福寺</span>藏本，無緣得見。曰「<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">紹興</span>十四年（一一四四年）序刊本」者，即<span class="zhuanming">法道</span>撰<span class="shuming">重開僧史略序</span>本。此序中云「兵火之中，得斯藏本」，「命工鏤板，附藏流通」，是今所見各本之祖本。今按，「<span class="zhuanming">延寶</span>八年」，實爲一六八○年。「<span class="zhuanming">淺野<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00006','1726502',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P6</span></i>久兵衛</span>重印本」，今有<span class="zhuanming">善通寺</span>藏本，三卷，每半葉十行，行二十字。卷首有<span class="zhuanming">法道</span><span class="zhuanming">紹興</span>十四年撰<span class="shuming">重開僧史略序</span>，卷尾附有<span class="shuming">紹興朝旨改正僧道班列文字一集</span>。<span class="shuming">續修四庫全書</span>「子部」「宗教類」收<span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>，亦據此本影印。此本是<span class="zhuanming">真福寺</span>本外較早的本子，但文字錯訛較多。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">明治</span>十六年（一八八三）<span class="zhuanming">福田行誡</span>校﹑<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>刊<span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>（簡稱<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>本），每半葉十二行，行二十五字，與<span class="zhuanming">真福寺</span>藏本同。在卷首<span class="zhuanming">法道</span><span class="zhuanming">紹興</span>十四年撰<span class="shuming">重開僧史略序</span>前，有<span class="zhuanming">福田行誡</span>撰<span class="shuming">僧史略序</span>，卷後附有<span class="shuming">紹興朝旨改正僧道班列文字一集</span>。<span class="zhuanming">福田行誡</span>序中有云：「然而本書但有<span class="zhuanming">慶長</span>舊版一本而已，流行亦甚寡矣。<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>諸士竊慨歎之，將改刻弘於世，囑予以校訂。」<span class="zhuanming">慶長</span>年號，時在一五九六年至一六一五年。則此本所據舊本比<span class="zhuanming">淺野久兵衛</span>刊本所據之<span class="zhuanming">慶安</span>四年<span class="zhuanming">京都</span><span class="zhuanming">堤六左衛門</span>刊<span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>更早。此本品質較好，部分頁眉之上，還有<span class="zhuanming">福田行誡</span>的校正文字。<span class="shuming">大正新修大藏經</span>卷五四所收<span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>（簡稱<span class="shuming">大正藏</span>本），卷首亦有<span class="zhuanming">福田行誡</span><span class="shuming">僧史略序</span>，其所據之底本「續藏本」，當亦以<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>本爲底本。</span> </p><p> <span>又，<span class="zhuanming">日本</span><span class="zhuanming">松本文三郎氏</span>藏本（簡稱<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本），此本首葉鈐有「松本文庫」印記，書尾標有「天寧寺什物」，説明<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>所藏，來自於<span class="zhuanming">天寧寺</span>舊藏，但不知具體的刊印時間。此本每半葉十一行，行二十字。和前述兩種不同，卷首直接以<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span><span class="shuming">僧史略序</span>始，没有<span class="zhuanming">法道</span><span class="shuming">重開僧史略<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00007','1726502',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P7</span></i>序</span>，但卷尾亦附有<span class="shuming">紹興朝旨改正僧道班列文字一集</span>。此書有一九三三年<span class="zhuanming">日本貴重圖書影本刊行會</span>影印本行世。</span> </p><p> <span>此外，還有<span class="zhuanming">金陵刻經處</span>刻本。此本没有<span class="zhuanming">法道</span><span class="shuming">重開僧史略序</span>，也没有<span class="shuming">紹興朝旨改正僧道班列文字一集</span>，是「純粹」的<span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>。没有具體的刻印時間，也没有説明所據之底本，但在刊刻中，亦有校正。一九七七年，<span class="zhuanming">臺灣</span><span class="zhuanming">新文豐出版公司</span>以此本爲底本，合<span class="shuming">相宗史傳略録</span>﹑<span class="shuming">求法高僧傳</span>爲一書，影印行世。</span> </p><p> <span>上述諸本的區别，主要表現在序言和附録文字的取捨方面，正文文字的差異，多爲翻刻抄録過程中的訛誤所致。其中<span class="shuming">大正藏</span>本流傳最廣，影響最大。本次整理，即以<span class="shuming">大正藏</span>本爲底本，校之以<span class="zhuanming">淺野久兵衛</span>刊本（簡稱<span class="zhuanming">淺野</span>本）﹑<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">金陵刻經處</span>本（簡稱<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本）等。<span class="shuming">大正藏</span>本中少量校記，及<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>本<span class="zhuanming">福田行誡</span>的校正文字，均録入相應校注中。底本中的明顯訛誤，逕直改正，在校注中予以説明。底本中疑爲訛誤者，不逕改，但在校注中予以説明。各校本中可資參考的異文，在校記中説明。但爲避繁瑣，明顯的訛誤文字，不作説明。另外，「曰」字，<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本多作「云」，特在此説明，校注中亦不一一出校。校注以考見引文出處﹑徵引他書以資相證﹑解釋佛教術語爲主，一般性的詞語不注。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00008','1726502',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P8</span></i> <span>限於學力，訛誤之處定當不少，懇請方家不吝指正。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">富世平</span></span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">二○一三年十二月二十八日</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="16">〔一〕</a>見<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四三。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="17">〔二〕</a>據<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span><span class="shuming">進高僧傳表</span>：「自<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>七年伏奉敕旨，俾修<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>與新譯經同入藏者。臣等遐求事迹，博採碑文，今已撰集成三十卷。」則奉敕在七年，八年當爲歸<span class="zhuanming">杭州</span>舊寺開始編撰的時間。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="18">〔三〕</a>此據<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四三。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="19">〔四〕</a>見<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四三。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="20">〔五〕</a>此據<span class="zhuanming">王禹偁</span><span class="shuming">左街僧録</span><span class="shuming">通惠大師文集序</span>之説。<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四三曰，<span class="zhuanming">至道</span>二年，「敕史館編修<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>知西京教門事」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="21">〔六〕</a>諸説不同，這裏從<span class="zhuanming">陳垣</span>先生之説，見<span class="shuming">釋氏疑年録</span>卷六，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九六四年。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="22">〔七〕</a>詳參<span class="zhuanming">金建鋒</span><span class="shuming">釋贊寧與士大夫交遊考論</span>，見<span class="shuming">江西教育學院學報（社會科學）</span>，二○一○年第一期。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00009','1726502',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P9</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="23">〔八〕</a>此從<span class="zhuanming">陳垣</span>先生之説，以「内典集」﹑「外學集」爲其内﹑外諸書之總名，見<span class="shuming">中國佛教史籍概論</span>卷二。<span class="shuming">十國春秋</span>﹑<span class="shuming">佛祖歷代通載</span>等認爲「内典集」﹑「外學集」亦爲其撰著之具體書名。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="24">〔九〕</a>見<span class="zhuanming">蘇晋仁</span><span class="shuming">佛教文化與歷史</span>第一七四頁，<span class="zhuanming">中央民族大學出版社</span>，一九九八年。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="25">〔一○〕</a><span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>的成書時間，主要有兩種説法：一以<span class="zhuanming">蘇晋仁</span>先生之説爲代表；一以<span class="zhuanming">日</span>人<span class="zhuanming">牧田諦亮</span><span class="shuming">贊寧與其時代</span>中之説爲代表，認爲「<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>著<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>大概在<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>完成時期<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>七年以後」。按：<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>七年，亦非<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>完成的時間，而爲命修<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>的時間。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="26">〔一一〕</a>如<span class="zhuanming">蘇晋仁</span><span class="shuming">佛教文化與歷史</span>即持此觀點。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="27">〔一二〕</a><span class="zhuanming">陳士强</span><span class="shuming">大藏經總目提要</span><span class="shuming">文史藏二</span>：「今本分爲五十九門，其中最後一門不是佛教事類，而是總論，疑它本非一門（也可稱『條』）之目，而是附於全書各門之末的結語，故實爲五十八門（其中十門有附見條）。所闕二門很可能是今本門目所收附見條中的某二條。」（<span class="zhuanming">上海古籍出版社</span>，二○○八年）</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="28">〔一三〕</a>見<span class="zhuanming">金建鋒</span><span class="shuming">釋贊寧著述考</span>，<span class="shuming">古籍整理研究學刊</span>，二○一○年第三期。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="29">〔一四〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">昭和法寶總目録</span>卷一載<span class="shuming">大正新修大藏經勘同目録</span>（此即<span class="shuming">大正藏</span>各書所據底本之著録）著録<span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>六十門，今所見諸本卷上二一門「傳禪觀法」後所附「别立禪居」，爲獨立一門。可爲此説佐證。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#" id="30">〔一五〕</a><span class="zhuanming">法道</span><span class="shuming">重開僧史略序</span>。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
僧主副員
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137977" key="1137977"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 僧主副員 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137978" key="1137978"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00109','1726546',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P109</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000090">僧主副員</p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">姚秦</span>立正也，雖無副正之名，而有貳車<a class="zhuhao" href="#717" id="711">〔一〕</a>之意。故用<span class="zhuanming">慧遠</span>爲悦衆，<span class="zhuanming">欽</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">斌</span>二公掌録，斯乃階級分曹，同成僧務，而不顯言副正二字。及<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>世，更名僧統以爲正員，署沙門都以<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00110','1726546',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P110</span></i>分副翼，則都維那是也。故<span class="zhuanming">孝文帝</span>詔云：「副儀貳事，緇素攸同。頃因<span class="zhuanming">曜統</span>獨濟，遂廢斯任。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">知<span class="zhuanming">曇曜</span>前曾立副職。</span> <span>今欲毗德贊善，固須其人。<span class="zhuanming">皇舅寺</span>法師<span class="zhuanming">僧義</span>，行恭神暢，温聰謹正，業懋道優，用膺副翼，可充都維那，以光賢徒<a class="zhuhao" href="#718" id="712">〔二〕</a>。」乃知<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>以悦衆爲副，例知<span class="zhuanming">姚秦</span>世<span class="zhuanming">慧遠</span>爲副也。若爾者，<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>亦用<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>制，而僧傳不指，蓋不明練辭義耳。又于時各寺别立三官，寺之都維那莫有相濫乎？答：此有二不濫：一﹑敕署令於昭玄僧統下<a class="zhuhao" href="#719" id="713">〔三〕</a>爲副；二﹑自帶昭玄下都維那。豈同寺之悦衆耶？<span class="zhuanming">南朝</span><span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">孝武帝</span>重<span class="zhuanming">慧璩</span>，<span class="zhuanming">璩</span>曾對帝唱導於齋會中，嚫<span class="zhuanming">璩</span>一萬，敕爲京邑都維那<a class="zhuhao" href="#720" id="714">〔四〕</a>。此以京邑二字簡異也。<span class="zhuanming">江左</span>立正，而有立副者，有不立者。及<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>一統，還準<span class="zhuanming">北朝</span>，用統爲正，以都爲副。至<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">元和</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">長慶</span>間，始立僧録<a class="zhuhao" href="#721" id="715">〔五〕</a>，録左右街僧，亦無貳職。次有三教首座。<span class="zhuanming">昭宗</span><span class="zhuanming">乾寧</span>中<a class="zhuhao" href="#722" id="716">〔六〕</a>，改首座爲副僧録，得<span class="zhuanming">覺暉</span>焉。副録自<span class="zhuanming">暉公</span>始也。<span class="zhuanming">朱梁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">後唐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">周</span>，或置或省，出没不定。今<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span><span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>六年，敕立右街副僧録，知右街教門事焉。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#711" id="717">〔一〕</a>貳車：比喻副職。出<span class="shuming">禮記</span><span class="shuming">少儀</span>：「乘貳車則式，佐車則否。」<span class="zhuanming">鄭玄</span>注：「貳車﹑佐車，皆副車也。朝祀之副曰貳，戎獵之副曰佐。」<span class="shuming">國語</span><span class="shuming">魯語下</span>：「大夫有貳車，備承事也。」<span class="zhuanming">韋昭</span>注：「貳，副也。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00111','1726546',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P111</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#712" id="718">〔二〕</a>參「沙門都統」條注一。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#713" id="719">〔三〕</a>下：底本作「不」，據<span class="zhuanming">淺野</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#714" id="720">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一三<span class="shuming">釋慧璩傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋慧璩</span>，<span class="zhuanming">丹陽</span>人。出家止<span class="zhuanming">瓦官寺</span>。讀覽經論，涉獵書史。衆技多閑而尤善唱導。出語成章，動辭製作，臨時採博，罄無不妙詣。<span class="zhuanming">宋太祖文皇帝</span>﹑車騎<span class="zhuanming">臧質</span>，並提攜友善，雅相崇愛。<span class="zhuanming">譙王</span>鎮<span class="zhuanming">荆</span>，要與同行。後逆節還朝，於<span class="zhuanming">梁山</span>設會。頃之<span class="zhuanming">譙王</span>敗，<span class="zhuanming">璩</span>還京。後<span class="zhuanming">宋孝武</span>設齋，<span class="zhuanming">璩</span>唱導。帝問<span class="zhuanming">璩</span>曰：『今日之集，何如<span class="zhuanming">梁山</span>？』<span class="zhuanming">璩</span>曰：『天道助順，況復爲逆？』帝悦之。明旦，别嚫一萬，後敕爲京邑都維那。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#715" id="721">〔五〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四一：「<span class="zhuanming">元和</span>元年，敕沙門<span class="zhuanming">端甫</span>録左街僧事，掌内殿法儀。沙門<span class="zhuanming">靈邃</span>録右街僧事。」注曰：「僧録始於<span class="zhuanming">姚秦</span><span class="zhuanming">法欽師</span>。」參「左右街僧録」條注八。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#716" id="722">〔六〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二：<span class="zhuanming">乾寧</span>四年「敕沙門<span class="zhuanming">覺暉</span>爲左右街副僧録。</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">副職始此。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">」<span class="shuming">釋氏要覽</span>卷上「副僧録」條：「副僧録，即<span class="zhuanming">昭宗</span><span class="zhuanming">乾寧</span>中，改首座爲副僧録。即<span class="zhuanming">覺暉</span>爲始也。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
附録
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137981" key="1137981"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 讚唄之由 &gt; 附録 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137982" key="1137982"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00086','1726539',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P86</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000077"><b>附録：</b></p><p> <span><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一三<span class="shuming">經師</span><span class="shuming">論</span>曰：「夫篇章之作，蓋欲申暢懷抱，褒述情志；詠歌之作，欲使言味流靡，辭韻相屬。故<span class="shuming">詩序</span>云：『情動於中而形於言。言之不足，故詠歌之也。』然東國之歌也，則結<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00087','1726539',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P87</span></i>韻以成詠；西方之贊也，則作偈以和聲。雖復歌讚爲殊，而並以協諧鍾律，符靡宫商，方乃奥妙。故奏歌於金石，則謂之以爲樂；設讚於管絃，則稱之以爲唄。夫聖人制樂，其德四焉：感天地，通神明，安萬民，成性類。如聽唄，亦其利有五：身體不疲，不忘所憶，心不懈倦，音聲不壞，諸天歡喜。是以<span class="zhuanming">般遮</span>絃歌於石室，請開甘露之初門；浄居舞頌於雙林，奉報一化之恩德。其間隨時讚詠，亦在處成音。至如<span class="zhuanming">億耳</span>細聲於宵夜，<span class="zhuanming">提婆</span>颺響於<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>宫，或令無相之旨奏於篪笛之上，或使本行之音宣乎琴瑟之下，並皆抑揚通感，佛所稱讚。故<span class="shuming">咸池</span>﹑<span class="shuming">韶武</span>無以匹其工，<span class="shuming">激楚</span>﹑<span class="shuming">梁塵</span>無以較其妙。自大教東流，乃譯文者衆，而傳聲蓋寡。良由<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>音重複，<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>語單奇，若用<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>音以詠<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>語，則聲繁而偈迫；若用<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>曲以詠<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>文，則韻短而辭長。是故金言有譯，梵響無授。始有<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">陳思王</span><span class="zhuanming">曹植</span>，深愛聲律，屬意經音，既通<span class="zhuanming">般遮</span>之瑞響，又感<span class="zhuanming">魚山</span>之神製，於是删治<span class="shuming">瑞應本起</span>，以爲學者之宗。傳聲則三千有餘，在契則四十有二。其後<span class="zhuanming">帛橋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">支籥</span>，亦云祖述<span class="zhuanming">陳思</span>，而愛好通靈，别感神製，裁變古聲，所存止一十而已。至<span class="zhuanming">石勒</span><span class="zhuanming">建平</span>中，有天神降于<span class="zhuanming">安邑</span>廳事，諷詠經音，七日乃絶。時有傳者，並皆訛廢。逮<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">齊</span>之間，有<span class="zhuanming">曇遷</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">僧辯</span>﹑太傅﹑<span class="zhuanming">文宣</span>等，並殷勤嗟詠，曲意音律，撰集異同，斟酌科例，存倣舊法，正可三百餘聲。自兹厥後，聲多散落。人人致意，補綴不同。所以師師異法，家家各製。皆由昧乎聲旨，莫以裁正。夫音樂感動，自古而然。是以玄師<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>唱，赤雁愛而不移；比丘流響，青鳥悦而忘翥。<span class="zhuanming">曇憑</span>動韻，猶令鳥馬踡跼；<span class="zhuanming">僧辯</span>折調，尚使鴻鶴停飛。量人雖復深淺，籌感抑亦次焉。故<span class="zhuanming">夔</span>擊石拊石，則百獸率舞；簫韶九成，則鳳凰來儀。鳥獻且猶致感，況乃人神<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00088','1726539',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P88</span></i>者哉！但轉讀之爲懿，貴在聲文兩得。若唯聲而不文，則道心無以得生；若唯文而不聲，則俗情無以得入。故經言『以微妙音歌歎佛德』，斯之謂也。而頃世學者，裁得首尾餘聲，便言擅名當世。經文起盡，曾不措懷，或破句以合聲，或分文以足韻，豈唯聲之不足，亦乃文不成詮！聽者唯增怳忽，聞之但益睡眠。使夫八真明珠，未揜而藏曜；百味淳乳，不澆而自薄。哀哉！若能精達經旨，洞曉音律，三位七聲，次而無亂；五言四句，契而莫爽。其間起擲盪舉，平折放殺，游飛却轉，反疊嬌弄。動韻則流靡弗窮，張喉則變態無盡。故能炳發八音，光揚七善。壯而不猛，凝而不滯；弱而不野，剛而不鋭；清而不擾，濁而不蔽。諒足以起暢微言，怡養神性。故聽聲可以娱耳，耹語可以開襟。若然，可謂梵音深妙，令人樂聞者也。然<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>方俗，凡是歌詠法言，皆稱爲唄。至於此土，詠經則稱爲轉讀，歌讚則號爲梵唄。昔諸天讚唄，皆以韻入絃管。五衆既與俗違，故宜以聲曲爲妙。原夫<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>唄之起，亦兆自<span class="zhuanming">陳思</span>。始著<span class="shuming">太子頌</span>及<span class="shuming">睒頌</span>等，因爲之製聲，吐納抑揚，並法神授。今之皇皇顧惟，蓋其風烈也。其後居士<span class="zhuanming">支謙</span>，亦傳梵唄三契。皆湮没而不存。世有共議一章，恐或<span class="zhuanming">謙</span>之餘則也。唯<span class="zhuanming">康僧會</span>所造<span class="shuming">泥洹梵唄</span>，于今尚傳。即敬謁一契，文出雙卷<span class="shuming">泥洹</span>，故曰<span class="shuming">泥洹唄</span>也。爰至<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>世，有<span class="zhuanming">高座法師</span>初傳覓歷。今之行地印文，即其法也。<span class="zhuanming">籥公</span>所造六言，即<span class="shuming">大慈哀愍</span>一契，于今時有作者。近有<span class="zhuanming">西涼州</span>唄，源出<span class="zhuanming">關右</span>，而流于<span class="zhuanming">晋陽</span>，今之<span class="shuming">面如滿月</span>是也。凡此諸曲，並製出名師。後人繼作，多所訛漏。或時沙彌小兒，互相傳授。疇昔成規，殆無遺一。惜哉！此既同是聲例，故備之論末。」</span> </p><p class="weizhi_zhanwei"></p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00089','1726539',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P89</span></i> <span><span class="shuming">法苑珠林</span>卷三六<span class="shuming">唄讚篇第三四</span><span class="shuming">述意部</span>：「夫褒述之志，寄在詠歌之文。詠歌之文，依乎聲響。故詠歌巧則褒述之志申，聲響妙則詠歌之文暢。言詞待聲，相資之理也。尋西方之有唄，猶東國之有讚。讚者，從文以結章；唄者，短偈以流頌。比其事義，名異實同。是故經言『以微妙音聲，歌讚於佛德』，斯之謂也。昔<span class="zhuanming">釋尊</span>入定，琴歌震於石室；<span class="zhuanming">提婆</span>颺唄，清響激於浄居。覺世至音，固無得而稱矣。至于末代，修習極有明驗。是以<span class="zhuanming">陳思</span>精想，感<span class="zhuanming">魚山</span>之梵唱；<span class="zhuanming">帛橋</span>誓願，通大士之妙音；<span class="zhuanming">藥練</span>勤行，受法韻於幽祇；<span class="zhuanming">文宣</span>勵誠，發夢響於齋室。並能寫氣天宫，摹聲浄刹，抑揚詞契，吐納節文。斯亦神應之顯徵，學者之明範也。原夫經音爲懿，妙出自然。製用可修，而研響非習。蓋所以炳發道聲，移易俗聽，當使清而不弱，雄而不猛，流而不越，凝而不滯。趣發<span class="zhuanming">祇鷲</span>之風，韻結霄漢之氣。遠聽則汪洋以峻雅，近屬則從容以和肅，此其大致也。經稱『深遠雷音』，其在兹乎？若夫稱講聯齋，衆集永久，夜緩晚遲，香銷燭揜，睡蓋覆其六情，懶結纏其四體。於是擇妙響以昇座，選勝聲以啓軸。宫商唄發，動玉振金。反折四飛，哀悦七衆。同迦陵之聲，等神鸞之響，能使寐魂更開，惰情還肅，滿堂驚耳，列席歡心。當爾之時，乃知經聲之爲貴矣。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
臨壇法位
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137985" key="1137985"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 臨壇法位 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137986" key="1137986"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00198','1726570',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P198</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000137">臨壇法位<a class="zhuhao" href="#1223" id="1215">〔一〕</a></p><p> <span>壇上員位，準律，中國僧十人，尼二十人中受戒。邊方難得明毗尼師，則聽僧五人，尼十人中得戒<a class="zhuhao" href="#1224" id="1216">〔二〕</a>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">比丘五人，尼五人也。</span> <span>此之聖言，可爲定量。近代尼但於本衆之中，十尼邊受，止得本法而已。此之戒月，方十二三，將圓未圓，必須二部僧中，乃得成就耳。案<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span><span class="zhuanming">永泰</span>中，敕京城置僧尼臨壇大德各十人<a class="zhuhao" href="#1225" id="1217">〔三〕</a>。即依律中，中國二十人也，永爲通式，闕則填之，仍選明律德行優者充之。臨壇大德科目，自此始也。<span class="zhuanming">德宗</span><span class="zhuanming">貞元</span>十二年，敕<span class="zhuanming">永泰寺</span>置戒壇度僧，時<span class="zhuanming">歡喜和尚</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">保唐</span>禪宗並敕令受戒<a class="zhuhao" href="#1226" id="1218">〔四〕</a>。至<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span>通明律教，充内外臨壇大德<a class="zhuhao" href="#1227" id="1219">〔五〕</a>。詳其内外之名，<span class="zhuanming">暢公</span>之前已應有矣：昔<span class="zhuanming">薛道衡</span>女<span class="zhuanming">德芳</span>有才學，在<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>宫中，後願出家，帝爲造内<span class="zhuanming">鶴林寺</span>，請十人大德入内受戒<a class="zhuhao" href="#1228" id="1220">〔六〕</a>。此即内臨壇也。及<span class="zhuanming">懿宗</span>於<span class="zhuanming">咸泰殿</span>築壇，度内<span class="zhuanming">福壽寺</span>尼受大戒，兩街僧尼大德二十人入<a class="zhuhao" href="#1229" id="1221">〔七〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span>預兹法席，故補内臨<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00199','1726570',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P199</span></i>壇。<span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>三年壬午歲四月一日，敕兩街僧尼四寺各置方等戒壇，右街<span class="zhuanming">千福</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">延唐</span>二寺度人各三七日，<span class="zhuanming">暢公</span>復預此數，故云内外臨壇大德。今有未臨内壇而自稱内外臨壇，良可笑也。又聞于時或以僧録爲宗主，不然則律宗極高者號宗主，僧録則加臨壇選練之目也。<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">後唐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">周</span>唯行十師法，餘有壇外員位，更五六人而止矣。追思<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">北齊</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">北魏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">周</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">陳</span>，歷代帝王非不度僧，唯<span class="zhuanming">唐宣宗</span>重洗懺方等壇，度僧不少。我<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span><span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>初年及七年，度僧一十七萬有餘<a class="zhuhao" href="#1230" id="1222">〔八〕</a>，古之莫比。緇徒孔熾，在于兹矣。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1215" id="1223">〔一〕</a>位：底本無，據<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本補。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1216" id="1224">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">四分律删繁補闕行事鈔</span>卷一<span class="shuming">標宗顯德篇</span>：「我滅度後，有五種法令久住：一﹑毗尼者是汝大師；二﹑下至五人，持律在世；三﹑若有中國十人，邊地五人，如法受戒；四﹑乃至有二十人，如法出罪；五﹑以律師持律故，佛法住世五千年。」卷三<span class="shuming">尼衆别行篇</span>：「若依律本，比丘尼僧應將受戒者至大僧中，乃至文云二部僧具足滿，故知僧尼二十人也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1217" id="1225">〔三〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四一：「（<span class="zhuanming">唐代宗</span><span class="zhuanming">永泰</span>元年十月）敕<span class="zhuanming">大興善寺</span>建方等戒壇，立臨壇大德十人。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1218" id="1226">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷二九<span class="shuming">唐京兆歡喜傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋歡喜</span>，不知何許人也。性無羈束，慈忍寬和，人未嘗<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00200','1726570',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P200</span></i>見其愠色，故號之焉。觀國之光，至于京輦，貴達下民延之，少見違拒。言語不常，事迹難測。<span class="zhuanming">德宗皇帝</span>聞而重之。<span class="zhuanming">興元</span>十二年，敕<span class="zhuanming">永泰寺</span>置戒壇度僧。時<span class="zhuanming">喜</span>與<span class="zhuanming">保唐</span>禪宗别敕令受戒，緇伍榮之。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1219" id="1227">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一七<span class="shuming">唐京兆福壽寺玄暢傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>於<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>中，凡遇誕辰入内談論，即賜紫袈裟，充内外臨壇大德。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1220" id="1228">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">大唐大慈恩寺三藏法師傳</span>卷八：「（<span class="zhuanming">顯慶</span>元年）二月，有尼<span class="zhuanming">寶乘</span>者，<span class="zhuanming">高祖</span><span class="zhuanming">太武皇帝</span>之婕妤﹑<span class="zhuanming">隋</span><span class="zhuanming">襄州</span>總管<span class="zhuanming">臨河公</span><span class="zhuanming">薛道衡</span>之女也。德芬彤管，美擅椒闈。父既學業見稱，女亦不虧家訓。妙通經史，兼善文才。大帝幼時，從其受學，嗣位之後，以師傅舊恩，封<span class="zhuanming">河東郡夫人</span>，禮敬甚重。夫人情慕出家，帝從其志，爲禁中别造<span class="zhuanming">鶴林寺</span>而處之，并建碑述德。又度侍者數十人，並四事公給，將進具戒。至二月十日，敕迎法師并將大德九人，各一侍者，赴<span class="zhuanming">鶴林寺</span>，爲<span class="zhuanming">河東郡夫人</span><span class="zhuanming">薛尼</span>受戒。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1221" id="1229">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">唐京兆大安國寺僧徹傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">懿宗皇帝</span>留心<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，頗異前朝，遇八齋日，必内中飯僧，數盈萬計。帝因法集，躬爲讚唄。……又敕兩街四寺行方等懺法，戒壇度僧各三七日，别宣僧尼大德二十人，入<span class="zhuanming">咸泰殿</span>置壇度内<span class="zhuanming">福壽寺</span>尼。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1222" id="1230">〔八〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">弘贊</span><span class="zhuanming">在犙</span>編<span class="shuming">解惑篇</span>卷上之上引<span class="shuming">國朝會要</span>并<span class="shuming">統紀</span>曰：「<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>元年，敕普度天下童子。……（七年）詔普度天下童行爲僧，不限有司常制，自即位至八年，度一十七萬餘人。<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00201','1726570',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P201</span></i>敕天下諸路，皆立戒壇，凡九十七所。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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中國佛教典籍選刊編輯緣起
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137989" key="1137989"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 中國佛教典籍選刊編輯緣起 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137990" key="1137990"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-B00001','1726497',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P1</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000001"><b>中國佛教典籍選刊編輯緣起</b></p><p> <span>佛教是世界三大宗教之一，約自<span class="zhuanming">東漢</span><span class="zhuanming">明帝</span>時開始傳入<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>，但在當時並没有産生多大影響。到<span class="zhuanming">魏晋</span><span class="zhuanming">南北朝</span>時期，佛教和玄學結合起來，有了廣泛而深入的傳播。<span class="zhuanming">隋</span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>時期，<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>佛教走上了獨立發展的道路，形成了衆多的宗派，在社會﹑政治﹑文化等許多方面特别是哲學思想領域産生了深刻的影響。這時佛教已經<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>化，完全具備了<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>自己的特點。而且，隨着<span class="zhuanming">印度</span>佛教的衰落，<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>成了當時世界佛教的中心。<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>以後，隨着理學的興起，佛教被宣布爲異端而逐漸走向衰微。但是，佛教的部分理論同時也被理學所吸收，構成了理學思想體系中的有機組成部分。直到近代，佛教的思想影響還在某些著名思想家的身上時有表現。總之，研究<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>歷史和哲學史，特别是<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">南北朝</span><span class="zhuanming">隋</span><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>時期的哲學史，佛教是一項重要内容。佛學作爲一種宗教哲學，在人類的理論思維的歷史上留下了豐富的經驗教訓。因此，應當重視佛學的研究。</span> </p><p> <span>佛教典籍有其獨特的術語概念以及細密繁瑣的思辨邏輯，研讀時要克服一些特殊的困難，不少人視爲畏途。解放以後，由於國家出版社基本上没有開展佛教典籍的整理出版工作，因此，對於系統地開展佛學研究來説，急需解决基本資料缺乏的問題。目前對佛學有較深研究的專家﹑學者，不少人年<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-B00002','1726497',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P2</span></i>事已高，如果不抓緊組織他們整理和注釋佛教典籍，將來再開展這項工作就會遇到更多困難，也不利於中青年研究工作者的成長。爲此，我們在廣泛徵求各方面意見的基礎上，初步擬訂了<span class="shuming">中國佛教典籍選刊</span>的整理出版計劃。其中，有重要的佛教史籍，有<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>佛教幾個主要宗派（<span class="zhuanming">天台</span>宗﹑三論宗﹑唯識宗﹑華嚴宗﹑禪宗）的代表性著作，也有少數與<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>佛學淵源關係較深的佛教譯籍。所有項目都要選擇較好的版本作爲底本，經過校勘和標點，整理出一個便於研讀的定本。對於其中的佛教哲學著作，還要在此基礎上，充分吸取現有研究成果，寫出深入淺出﹑簡明扼要的注釋來。</span> </p><p> <span>由於整理注釋<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>佛教典籍困難較多，我們又缺乏經驗，因此，懇切希望能够得到各方面的大力支持和協助，使這項工作得以順利完成。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">中華書局編輯部</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">一九八二年六月</span> </p></div></div></div>
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傳禪觀法
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137993" key="1137993"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 傳禪觀法 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137994" key="1137994"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00056','1726530',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P56</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000060">傳禪觀法<span class="font12 zhu">别立禪居附</span></p><p> <span>禪法濫觴，自此<a class="zhuhao" href="#424" id="419">〔一〕</a><span class="zhuanming">秦</span>世。<span class="zhuanming">僧叡法師</span>序<span class="shuming">關中出禪經</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#425" id="420">〔二〕</a>，其文則明心達理之趣也，然譬若始有其方，未能修合，弗聞療疾，徒曰醫書。矧以大教既敷，群英分講，注之者矜其詞義，科之者逞其區分，執塵摇指，但尚其乘機應變，解紛挫鋭，唯觀其智刃辭鋒，都忘所詮，不求出離。<span class="zhuanming">江表</span><span class="zhuanming">遠公</span>慨禪法未敷，於是苦求而得也<a class="zhuhao" href="#426" id="421">〔三〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">菩提達磨祖師</span>觀此土之根緣，對一期之繁紊，而宣言曰：不立文字，遣其執文滯逐也<a class="zhuhao" href="#427" id="422">〔四〕</a>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">箋曰：不遵王化，名曰叛臣；不繼父蹤，呼爲逆子。敢有不循佛説，是謂魔外之徒。所以三世諸佛，法無異説；十方衆聖，授學同文。夫<span class="zhuanming">釋迦</span>之經，本也；<span class="zhuanming">達磨</span>之言，末也。背本逐末，良可悲哉！愚素習象胥，力根貝葉，遍問西來三藏，仍閲古今求法記文，<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>禪定並禀教乘，所以入正位者繼踵。<span class="zhuanming">五天</span>蓋依法務實而行，佛言聖法，不誤後學也。敢諮同志，學佛修禪，庶幾畢離苦津，高登彼岸，無以利口欺人，自瞞於靈府也。經曰：「若欲得道，當依佛語。違而得者，無有是處。」<a class="zhuhao" href="#428" id="423">〔五〕</a>可誣也哉！</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#419" id="424">〔一〕</a>此：<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本作「於」。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00057','1726530',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P57</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#420" id="425">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷九<span class="zhuanming">僧叡</span><span class="shuming">關中出禪經序</span>：「禪法者，向道之初門，泥洹之津徑也。此土先出<span class="shuming">修行</span>﹑<span class="shuming">大</span><span class="shuming">小十二門</span>﹑<span class="shuming">大</span><span class="shuming">小安般</span>，雖是其事，既不根悉，又無受法，學者之戒，蓋闕如也。<span class="zhuanming">鳩摩羅法師</span>以辛丑之年十二月二十日，自<span class="zhuanming">姑臧</span>至<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>，予即以其月二十六日從受禪法。既蒙啓授，乃知學有成准，法有成修。<span class="shuming">首楞嚴經</span>云：『人在山中學道，無師道終不成。』是其事也。尋蒙抄撰衆家禪要，得此三卷。初四十三偈，是<span class="zhuanming">鳩摩羅羅陀法師</span>所造。後二十偈，是<span class="zhuanming">馬鳴菩薩</span>之所造也。其中五門，是<span class="zhuanming">婆須蜜</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">僧伽羅叉</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">漚波崛</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">僧伽斯那</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">勒比丘</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">馬鳴</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">羅陀</span>禪要之中，抄集之所出也。六覺中偈，是<span class="zhuanming">馬鳴菩薩</span>修習之以釋六覺也。初觀婬﹑恚﹑癡相及其三門，皆<span class="zhuanming">僧伽羅叉</span>之所撰也。息門六事，諸論師説也。菩薩習禪法中，後更依<span class="shuming">持世經</span>，益<span class="shuming">十二因緣</span>一卷，<span class="shuming">要解</span>二卷，别時撰出。夫馳心縱想，則情愈滯而惑愈深；繫意念明，則澄鑒朗照而造極彌密。心如水火，擁之聚之，則其用彌全；決之散之，則其勢彌薄。故論云：『質微則勢重，質重則勢微。』如地質重故勢不如水，水性重故力不如火，火不如風，風不如心。心無形故力無上，神通變化，八不思議，心之力也。心力既全，乃能轉昏入明，明雖愈於不明，而明未全也。明全在於忘照，照忘然後無明非明，無明非明，爾乃幾乎息矣。幾乎息矣，慧之功也。故經云：『無禪不智，無智不禪。』然則禪非智不照，照非禪不成。大哉禪智之業，可不務乎！出此經後，至<span class="zhuanming">弘始</span>九年閏月五日，重求撿校，懼初受之不審，差之一毫，將有千里之降。詳而定之，輒復多有所正，既正既備，無間然矣。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00058','1726530',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P58</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#421" id="426">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">釋慧遠傳</span>：「初經流<span class="zhuanming">江東</span>，多有未備，禪法無聞，律藏殘闕。<span class="zhuanming">遠</span>慨其道缺，乃令弟子<span class="zhuanming">法浄</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法領</span>等遠尋衆經。踰越沙雪，曠歲方反。皆獲<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>本，得以傳譯。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#422" id="427">〔四〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">緇門警訓</span>卷三引<span class="shuming">傳禪觀法</span>，「遣其執文滯逐也」後，還有「直指人心，明其頓了無生也。其機峻，其理圓，故不免漸修之徒，篤加訕謗。傳禪法者，自<span class="zhuanming">達磨</span>爲始焉，直下相繼，六代傳衣，横枝而出，不可勝紀，如<span class="shuming">曹溪寶林傳</span>所明也」數句，並注曰：「<span class="zhuanming">道法師</span>箋本於『直指人心』下削本，今依舊本補入。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#423" id="428">〔五〕</a>按：出<span class="shuming">慈悲道場懺法</span>卷一<span class="shuming">斷疑</span>。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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得道證果
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1137997" key="1137997"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 得道證果 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1137998" key="1137998"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00209','1726574',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P209</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000145">得道證果<span class="font12 zhu">尼附</span></p><p> <span>問曰：<span class="zhuanming">竺乾</span>化境，證果人多，何以法被中華，窈無蹤迹？答曰：我教以信解修證爲階，若信佛言，則解佛意。當修聖行，必登果證也。又以教理行果四種撿之，則時有正法像法，去聖如近，四種猶全，望聖纔遥，四種多缺矣。或曰：服食素治己病。病損連服，必至長生。長生不已，則白日上升。豈非目擊？何<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>門罕聞此驗耶？答曰：譬猶下種，秋成各殊。彼以尸解<a class="zhuhao" href="#1283" id="1269">〔一〕</a>上升爲極，我則斷障出纏，由賢入聖，然後游戲神通而作佛事，爲化利有情之故。豈同其自了自遷而爲極事也？如其要知，略陳梗概：案<span class="shuming">漢法本内傳</span>，<span class="zhuanming">摩騰</span>角法既勝，踊身虚空説偈<a class="zhuhao" href="#1284" id="1270">〔二〕</a>等，此現通驗果證之始也。又<span class="zhuanming">安清</span>度<span class="zhuanming">䢼亭湖</span>蛇，了三世殘業<a class="zhuhao" href="#1285" id="1271">〔三〕</a>。次則<span class="zhuanming">天台</span>飛錫<a class="zhuhao" href="#1286" id="1272">〔四〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">瓜步</span>浮杯<a class="zhuhao" href="#1287" id="1273">〔五〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">真諦</span>敷坐具而涉江<a class="zhuhao" href="#1288" id="1274">〔六〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">圖澄</span>開腹腸而洗浄<a class="zhuhao" href="#1289" id="1275">〔七〕</a>，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00210','1726574',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P210</span></i><span class="zhuanming">道開</span>石子而充食<a class="zhuhao" href="#1290" id="1276">〔八〕</a>，乞僧羊酒而却存<a class="zhuhao" href="#1291" id="1277">〔九〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">法進</span>足離地而行<a class="zhuhao" href="#1292" id="1278">〔一○〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">跋摩</span>蹈席華而潔<a class="zhuhao" href="#1293" id="1279">〔一一〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">法雲公</span>日行萬里<a class="zhuhao" href="#1294" id="1280">〔一二〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">僧伽師</span>身現<span class="zhuanming">泗</span>濱<a class="zhuhao" href="#1295" id="1281">〔一三〕</a>，如此諸師，還得果不？我宗中重生，故名生論。一中本待生故，而獲大果也。他宗重往，故名生生身<a class="zhuhao" href="#1296" id="1282">〔一四〕</a>。乘剛躡桷，何爲究盡？無以白日上升少許修鍊，而比於無漏業資現神逞變之作也。何云罕見聞耶？自聵其耳，非雷霆之吝聲也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1269" id="1283">〔一〕</a>尸解：道教謂得道後遺棄肉體而仙去，或不留遺體，只假託一物遺世而升天。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1270" id="1284">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">歷代法寶記</span>卷一：「<span class="zhuanming">永平</span>十四年正月一日，五岳<span class="zhuanming">霍山</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">白鹿山</span>道士<span class="zhuanming">褚善信</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">費齋才</span>等六百九十人等表奏：『臣聞太上無形，虚無自然，上古同尊，百王不易。陛下棄本逐末，求教<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>，化謂<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>神，所説不參。<span class="zhuanming">華夏</span>臣等多有聰惠，博涉經典，願陛下許臣等得與比校。若有勝者，願除虚詐。如其不如，任從重決。』帝曰：『依敕。』所司命辦供具，并五品已上文武内外官寮，至十五日平旦，集於<span class="zhuanming">白馬寺</span>。道士在寺門外，置三壇，開二十四門。帝在寺門外，置舍利及佛經像，設七寶行殿。<span class="zhuanming">褚善信</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">費齋才</span>等，以道經子書苻術等，置於壇上，以火驗之。悲淚咒曰：『<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>神亂我<span class="zhuanming">華夏</span>，願<span class="zhuanming">太上天尊</span>，曉衆生得辨真僞。』道經子書苻術等，見火化爲烣燼。道士驚愕，先昇天者，昇天不得；先隱形者，隱形不得；先入水火者，不<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00211','1726574',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P211</span></i>敢入；先禁咒者，唤策不能應。種種功能，並無一驗。<span class="zhuanming">褚善信</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">費齋才</span>等自感而死。時佛舍利放五色光明，旋環如蓋，遍覆大衆，光蔽日輪。<span class="zhuanming">摩騰法師</span>坐卧虚空，神化自在，天雨寶花及天音樂。<span class="zhuanming">竺法蘭</span>梵音讚歎，<span class="zhuanming">摩騰法師</span>説偈曰：『狐非師子類，燈非日月明。池無巨海納，丘無<span class="zhuanming">嵩岳</span>榮。』<span class="zhuanming">明帝</span>大悦，放五品已上公侯子女及<span class="zhuanming">陰夫人</span>等出家。道士六百人，投佛出家。<span class="zhuanming">法蘭</span>誦<span class="shuming">出家功德經</span>及<span class="shuming">佛本生</span>等經，<span class="zhuanming">明帝</span>大喜，舉國歸依佛教。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1271" id="1285">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">安清傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">安清</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">世高</span>，<span class="zhuanming">安息國</span>王正后之太子也。……<span class="zhuanming">高</span>遊化<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>，宣經事畢，值<span class="zhuanming">靈帝</span>之末，<span class="zhuanming">關</span><span class="zhuanming">雒</span>擾亂，乃振錫<span class="zhuanming">江南</span>，云：『我當過<span class="zhuanming">廬山</span>度昔同學。』行達<span class="zhuanming">䢼亭湖廟</span>。此廟舊有靈威，商旅祈禱，乃分風上下，各無留滯。嘗有乞神竹者，未許輒取，舫即覆没，竹還本處。自是舟人敬憚，莫不懾影。<span class="zhuanming">高</span>同旅三十餘船，奉牲請福，神乃降祝曰：『船有沙門，可便呼上。』客咸驚愕，請<span class="zhuanming">高</span>入廟。神告<span class="zhuanming">高</span>曰：『吾昔外國與子俱出家學道，好行布施，而性多瞋怒。今爲<span class="zhuanming">䢼亭廟</span>神，周迴千里，並吾所治。以布施故，珍玩甚豐。以瞋恚故，墮此神報。今見同學，悲欣可言。壽盡旦夕，而醜形長大。若於此捨命，穢污江湖，當度山西澤中。此身滅後，恐墮地獄。吾有絹千疋，并雜寶物，可爲立法營塔，使生善處也。』<span class="zhuanming">高</span>曰：『故來相度，何不出形？』神曰：『形甚醜異，衆人必懼。』<span class="zhuanming">高</span>曰：『但出，衆人不怪也。』神從牀後出頭，乃是大蟒，不知尾之長短。至<span class="zhuanming">高</span>膝邊，<span class="zhuanming">高</span>向之<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>語數番，讚唄數契，蟒悲淚如雨，須臾還隱。<span class="zhuanming">高</span>即取絹物，辭别而去。舟侣颺帆，蟒復出身，登山而望。衆人舉手，然<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00212','1726574',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P212</span></i>後乃滅。倏忽之頃，便達<span class="zhuanming">豫章</span>，即以廟物造<span class="zhuanming">東寺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">高</span>去後，神即命過。暮有一少年，上船長跪<span class="zhuanming">高</span>前，受其咒願，忽然不見。<span class="zhuanming">高</span>謂船人曰：『向之少年，即<span class="zhuanming">䢼亭廟</span>神，得離惡形矣。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1272" id="1286">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">天台九祖傳</span>卷一：「時有異道，懷嫉密告<span class="zhuanming">陳</span>主，誣師北僧，陰受<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>券，掘斷嶽心。敕使至山，見兩虎咆憤，驚駭而退。數日，復進召師，師謂使曰：『尊使先行，貧道續來。』師飛錫而往至京，四門俱見師入。監使同時共奏，帝驚異引見，敕承靈應，乃迎下都，止<span class="zhuanming">栖玄寺</span>，一無所問。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1273" id="1287">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一○<span class="shuming">杯度傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">杯度</span>者，不知姓名，常乘木杯度水，因而爲目。」「後欲往<span class="zhuanming">瓜步江</span>（校注者按：<span class="shuming">大正藏</span>本作<span class="zhuanming">延步江</span>），於江側就航人告度，不肯載之。復累足杯中，顧眄吟詠。杯自然流，直度北岸。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1274" id="1288">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">陳南海郡西天竺沙門拘那羅陀傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">拘那羅陀</span>，<span class="zhuanming">陳</span>言<span class="zhuanming">親依</span>；或云<span class="zhuanming">波羅末陀</span>，譯云<span class="zhuanming">真諦</span>。並<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>文之名字也。本<span class="zhuanming">西天竺</span><span class="zhuanming">優禪尼國</span>人焉。」「嘗居别所，四絶水洲，<span class="zhuanming">紇</span>往造之，嶺峻濤涌，未敢陵犯。<span class="zhuanming">諦</span>乃鋪舒坐具在於水上，跏坐其内，如乘舟焉，浮波達岸。既登接對而坐具不濕，依常敷置。有時或以荷葉，蹋水乘之而度。如斯神異，其例甚衆。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1275" id="1289">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷九<span class="shuming">佛圖澄傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">竺佛圖澄</span>者，<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>人也，本姓<span class="zhuanming">帛氏</span>。」「<span class="zhuanming">澄</span>左乳傍先有一孔，圍四五寸，通徹腹内。有時腸從中出，或以絮塞孔。夜欲讀書，輒拔絮，則一室洞明。又齋日，輒至水邊，引腸洗之，還復内中。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00213','1726574',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P213</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1276" id="1290">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷九<span class="shuming">單道開傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">單道開</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">孟</span>，<span class="zhuanming">燉煌</span>人。少懷栖隱，誦經四十餘萬言，絶穀，餌柏實。柏實難得，復服松脂，後服細石子。一吞數枚，數日一服。或時多少噉薑椒，如此七年。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1277" id="1291">〔九〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷四<span class="shuming">于法開傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">于法開</span>，不知何許人，事<span class="zhuanming">蘭公</span>爲弟子。」「又祖述<span class="zhuanming">耆婆</span>，妙通醫法。嘗乞食投主人家，值婦人在草危急，衆治不驗，舉家遑擾。<span class="zhuanming">開</span>曰：『此易治耳。』主人正宰羊欲爲淫祀，<span class="zhuanming">開</span>令先取少肉爲羹進竟，因氣針之。須臾，羊膜裏兒而出。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1278" id="1292">〔一○〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷一八<span class="shuming">隋益州響應山道場釋法進傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋法進</span>，不知氏族，住<span class="zhuanming">益州</span><span class="zhuanming">綿竹縣</span><span class="zhuanming">響應山</span><span class="zhuanming">玉女寺</span>。」「<span class="zhuanming">開皇</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">蜀王</span><span class="zhuanming">秀</span>臨<span class="zhuanming">益州</span>，妃患心腹，諸治不損。……乃使長史<span class="zhuanming">張英</span>等往山，請出爲妃治病。報曰：『吾在山住，向八十年，與木同性。』餘更苦邀，<span class="zhuanming">進</span>答曰：『盡命於此，可自早還。』信返具報，王使六司官人犢車四乘，將從百人，重往迎請。<span class="zhuanming">進</span>曰：『王雖貴勝，命有所屬。』執志如初。信還，王大怒，自入山，將手加罪。既至山寺，禮佛見<span class="zhuanming">進</span>，不覺身戰汗流。王曰：『奉請禪師爲妃治病。禪師慈悲，願救此苦。』答曰：『殺羊食心，豈不苦痛？一切衆生，皆是佛子，何因於妃，偏生此愛？』王慚愧懺悔，仍請出。乃曰：『王命既重，不可不行。王自先行，貧道生不乘騎，當可後去。』王曰：『弟子步從，與師同行。』報曰：『出家人與俗異，但前行，應同到。』王行兩日方至，<span class="zhuanming">進</span>一旦便達。徑入妃堂，見<span class="zhuanming">進</span>流汗，因爾除差。施絹五百段﹑納衣袈裟什物等，<span class="zhuanming">進</span>令王妃以水盥手，執物咒願，總用迴入<span class="zhuanming">法聚寺</span>基業，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00214','1726574',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P214</span></i>即辭還山，王與妃見<span class="zhuanming">進</span>足離地可四五寸。以<span class="zhuanming">大業</span>十三年正月八日終此山中，龍吟猿叫，諠寺三日矣。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1279" id="1293">〔一一〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷三<span class="shuming">求那跋摩傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">求那跋摩</span>，此云<span class="zhuanming">功德鎧</span>，本刹利種。」「其年夏，在<span class="zhuanming">定林下寺</span>安居。時有信者採華布席，唯<span class="zhuanming">跋摩</span>所坐，華彩更鮮。衆咸崇以聖禮。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1280" id="1294">〔一二〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一八<span class="shuming">唐虢州閿鄉萬迴傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋萬迴</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">張氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">虢州</span><span class="zhuanming">閿鄉</span>人也。……年始十歲，兄戍<span class="zhuanming">遼陽</span>，一云<span class="zhuanming">安西</span>，久無消息，母憂之甚，乃爲設齋祈福。<span class="zhuanming">迴</span>倏白母曰：『兄安，極易知耳，奚用憂爲？』因裹齋餘，出門徑去，際晚而歸，執其兄書云：『平善。』問其所由，默而無對，去來萬里。後時兄歸云：『此日與<span class="zhuanming">迴</span>言，適從家來，因授餅餌，其啗而返。』舉家驚喜。自爾人皆改觀，聲聞朝廷。」「然其施作，皆不可輒量，出言則必有其故。敕賜號爲<span class="zhuanming">法雲公</span>。」「系曰：日行萬里，非人必矣。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1281" id="1295">〔一三〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一八<span class="shuming">唐泗州普光王寺僧伽傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋僧伽</span>者，<span class="zhuanming">葱嶺</span>北<span class="zhuanming">何國</span>人也，自言俗姓<span class="zhuanming">何氏</span>，亦猶<span class="zhuanming">僧會</span>本<span class="zhuanming">康居國</span>人，便命爲<span class="zhuanming">康僧會</span>也。然合有<span class="zhuanming">胡</span><span class="zhuanming">梵</span>姓名，名既<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>音，姓涉<span class="zhuanming">華</span>語。詳其<span class="zhuanming">何國</span>，在<span class="zhuanming">碎葉國</span>東北，是<span class="zhuanming">碎葉</span>附庸耳。<span class="zhuanming">伽</span>在本土，少而出家。爲僧之後，誓志遊方。始至<span class="zhuanming">西涼府</span>，次歷<span class="zhuanming">江</span><span class="zhuanming">淮</span>，當<span class="zhuanming">龍朔</span>初年也。登即隸名於<span class="zhuanming">山陽</span><span class="zhuanming">龍興寺</span>，自此始露神異。」「<span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">龐勛</span>者本<span class="zhuanming">徐州</span>戍卒，擅離<span class="zhuanming">桂管</span>，沿路劫掠而攻<span class="zhuanming">泗州</span>，圍逼其城。<span class="zhuanming">伽</span>於塔頂現形，外寇皆睡，城中偶出擊之，驚竄而陷，<span class="zhuanming">宿州</span>以事奏聞，仍錫號<span class="zhuanming">證聖大師</span>也。」「洎乎<span class="zhuanming">周世宗</span>有事于<span class="zhuanming">江南</span>，先攻<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00215','1726574',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P215</span></i>取<span class="zhuanming">泗</span>上。<span class="zhuanming">伽</span>寄夢於州民言：『不宜輕敵。』如是達于州牧，皆未之信。自爾家家夢同，告之，遂降，全一郡生民，賴<span class="zhuanming">伽</span>之庇矣。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1282" id="1296">〔一四〕</a>按：「我宗中重生，故名生論。一中本待生故，而獲大果也。他宗重往，故名生生身」句，<span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：「一中，恐『一生』誤；待生，『無生』誤；重往，恐『重生』誤。」底本校記同。<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本此句作：「我宗中重無生，故名無生論。一生本無生故，而獲大果也。他宗重生，故名生生身。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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菩薩僧
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138001" key="1138001"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 菩薩僧 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138002" key="1138002"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00205','1726573',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P205</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000143">菩薩僧</p><p> <span>昔<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>朝，沙門名號，用捨不同，故有號<span class="zhuanming">竺法護</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">燉煌菩薩</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1260" id="1251">〔一〕</a>，及<span class="zhuanming">天竺菩薩</span><span class="zhuanming">竺佛朔</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">月支菩薩</span><span class="zhuanming">支讖</span>等<a class="zhuhao" href="#1261" id="1252">〔二〕</a>。僞國不聞此説。<span class="zhuanming">後周</span><span class="zhuanming">太武皇帝</span>廢<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>道二教，<span class="zhuanming">建德</span>三年，詔擇<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>道有名德者，别立道觀，改形服爲學士。帝賜小<span class="zhuanming">道安</span>牙笏，位以朝列，不就<a class="zhuhao" href="#1262" id="1253">〔三〕</a>。尋<span class="zhuanming">武帝</span>崩，<span class="zhuanming">天元宣帝</span>立，意欲漸興佛教，未便除先帝之制。<span class="zhuanming">大象</span>元年敕曰：<span class="zhuanming">太武皇帝</span>爲嫌濁穢，廢而不立。朕簡耆舊學業僧二百二十人，勿翦髮毁形，於東西二京<span class="zhuanming">陟岵寺</span>爲國行道，所資公給<a class="zhuhao" href="#1263" id="1254">〔四〕</a>。時有高僧<span class="zhuanming">智藏</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">荀氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">建德</span>二年，隱<span class="zhuanming">終南</span><span class="zhuanming">紫閣峰</span>。至<span class="zhuanming">宣帝</span>時出謁，敕令長髮，爲菩薩僧，作<span class="zhuanming">陟岵寺</span>主。<span class="zhuanming">大象</span>二年，<span class="zhuanming">隋文</span>作相，<span class="zhuanming">藏</span>謁之，因得落髮<a class="zhuhao" href="#1264" id="1255">〔五〕</a>。又，<span class="zhuanming">釋彦琮</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1265" id="1256">〔六〕</a>不願爲通道觀學士，以其菩薩僧須戴花冠﹑衣瓔珞，像菩薩相，高僧惡作此形，非佛制也。初立<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00206','1726573',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P206</span></i>通道觀，員置百二十人，選<span class="zhuanming">釋</span><span class="zhuanming">李</span>門人有當代名行者，著衣冠笏履，爲通道觀學士。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">于時僧道混然，大較是令毁戒僧入道也。</span> <span>有前沙門<span class="zhuanming">樊普曠</span>者，彭亨調笑，帝頗重之。抑入通道，退，常剪髮留鬚。帝問，對曰：「臣學陛下。二教雖除，猶存通道。鬚爲俗飾，故留；髮非俗教，故遣。」帝曰：「俗有留髮加冠，何言非教？」<span class="zhuanming">曠</span>曰：「無髮之士，豈是無教耶？臣願加之冠，何損？」自爾常浄髮著冠纓。人問，答曰：「我患熱也。」<a class="zhuhao" href="#1266" id="1257">〔七〕</a>又<span class="zhuanming">靈幹</span>者，初簡入菩薩僧，後方剃髮矣<a class="zhuhao" href="#1267" id="1258">〔八〕</a>。究其心游佛理，行切苦空，證聖之深，登地以去，則無沙門之形也。佛法污隆，王臣制作。遇其抑勒，知<a class="zhuhao" href="#1268" id="1259">〔九〕</a>復奈何！凡百學徒，觀此思事。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1251" id="1260">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">竺法護傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">竺曇摩羅刹</span>，此云<span class="zhuanming">法護</span>，其先<span class="zhuanming">月支</span>人，本姓<span class="zhuanming">支氏</span>。」「<span class="zhuanming">護</span>世居<span class="zhuanming">燉煌</span>，而化道周給，時人咸謂<span class="zhuanming">燉煌菩薩</span>也。」<span class="shuming">開元釋教録</span>卷二：「<span class="zhuanming">護</span>世居<span class="zhuanming">燉煌</span>，而化道周洽，時人咸謂之<span class="zhuanming">燉煌菩薩</span>也。衆録或云<span class="zhuanming">月支菩薩</span>，亦云<span class="zhuanming">天竺菩薩</span>者，斯皆重其德，稱美其號也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1252" id="1261">〔二〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">支樓迦讖傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">支樓迦讖</span>，亦直云<span class="zhuanming">支讖</span>，本<span class="zhuanming">月支</span>人。」「時有<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">竺佛朔</span>，亦以<span class="zhuanming">漢靈</span>之時，齎<span class="shuming">道行經</span>來適<span class="zhuanming">雒陽</span>。」<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷七<span class="shuming">般舟三昧經記</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">光和</span>二年十月八日，<span class="zhuanming">天竺菩薩</span><span class="zhuanming">竺朔佛</span>於<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>出，菩薩<span class="zhuanming">法護</span>（校注者按：此四字疑爲衍文）時傳言者<span class="zhuanming">月支菩薩</span><span class="zhuanming">支讖</span>。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00207','1726573',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P207</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1253" id="1262">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷二三<span class="shuming">周京師大中興寺釋道安傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋道安</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">姚</span>，<span class="zhuanming">憑翊</span><span class="zhuanming">胡城</span>人也。……至<span class="zhuanming">建德</span>三年歲在甲午五月十七日，乃普滅佛道二宗，别置通道觀，簡<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">李</span>有名者，並著衣冠，爲學士焉。事在别傳。<span class="zhuanming">安</span>削迹潛聲，逃于林澤。帝下敕搜訪，執詣王庭，親致勞接，賜牙笏綵帛，并位以朝列。竟並不就。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1254" id="1263">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷一○<span class="shuming">周祖巡鄴請開佛法事</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">周</span><span class="zhuanming">大象</span>元年）四月二十八日，下詔曰：佛義幽深，神奇弘大，必廣開化儀，通其修行。崇奉之徒，依經自檢。遵道之人，勿須剪髮毁形，以乖大道。宜可存鬚髮嚴服，以進高趣。令選舊沙門中懿德貞潔﹑學業沖博﹑名實灼然﹑聲望可嘉者一百二十人，在<span class="zhuanming">陟岵寺</span>爲國行道，擬欲供給資須，四事無乏。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1255" id="1264">〔五〕</a>按：僧傳中名曰<span class="zhuanming">智藏</span>者多，然姓<span class="zhuanming">荀氏</span>，且行迹與此<span class="zhuanming">智藏</span>同者無。疑此「智藏」，或爲「法藏」之誤。<span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷一九<span class="shuming">唐終南山紫蓋沙門釋法藏傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋法藏</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">荀氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">潁川</span><span class="zhuanming">潁陰</span>人。……<span class="zhuanming">建德</span>二年二月，刷心蕩志，挾鉢擎函，投於<span class="zhuanming">紫蓋山</span>，山即<span class="zhuanming">終南</span>之一峰也。乃獨立禪房高巖之下，衣以百納，飡以朮松，面青天而沃心，吸白雲而填臆。……惟<span class="zhuanming">藏</span>山居，依道自隱。綿歷八載，常思開法。至<span class="zhuanming">宣帝</span><span class="zhuanming">大象</span>元年九月，下山謁帝，意崇三寶。……下敕曰：朕欲爲菩薩治化。此僧既從<span class="zhuanming">紫蓋山</span>來，正合朕意。宜令長髮，著菩薩衣冠，爲<span class="zhuanming">陟岵寺</span>主。……<span class="zhuanming">大象</span>二年五月二十五日，<span class="zhuanming">隋祖</span>作相於虎門學。六月，<span class="zhuanming">藏</span>又下山，與大丞相對論三寶經宿，即蒙剃落。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00208','1726573',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P208</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1256" id="1265">〔六〕</a>參「封授官秩」條注六。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1257" id="1266">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷一一<span class="shuming">唐京師慈門寺釋普曠傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋普曠</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">樊氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">扶風</span><span class="zhuanming">郿</span>人也。」「<span class="zhuanming">建德</span>之年，將壞二教，<span class="zhuanming">關中</span>五衆，騷擾不安。<span class="zhuanming">曠</span>聞之，躬往帝庭，廣陳至理。不納其言，退而私業。于斯時也，寺塔湮廢，投命莫從。遠造則力竭難通，近從則心輕易徙，遂因其俗位，消息其中。<span class="zhuanming">武帝</span>雖滅二教，意存<span class="zhuanming">李</span>術，便更置通道觀學士三百人，並選佛道兩宗奇才俊邁者充之。<span class="zhuanming">曠</span>理義精通，時共僉舉。任居學正，剖斷時秀，爲諸生先。不久廢觀，聽士隨才賦任。<span class="zhuanming">曠</span>力怯躬耕，糇粒無委，寄禄登庸，復任<span class="zhuanming">岐山</span>從事。奉遵舊約，不黷情染衣，故氈裝倨傲，臨官剃髮留鬚，頭戴紗帽，纓其咽頷，用爲常軌。有事判約，筆斷如流。務涉繁擁者，便云我本道人，不閑俗網。<span class="zhuanming">周國</span>上下咸委其儀度也。顧<span class="zhuanming">曠</span>通博，任其處世。<span class="zhuanming">隋氏</span>將興，菩薩僧立，相如朝服，不同剃剪，員置百二十人，並括前法牙角不涅塵俗者。<span class="zhuanming">曠</span>識悟聞達，當其一焉。」<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷一○<span class="shuming">周祖廢二教立通道觀詔</span>：「于時員置百二十人監護，吏力各有差，並選<span class="zhuanming">釋</span><span class="zhuanming">李</span>門人有名當世者，著衣冠笏履，名通道觀學士。有前沙門<span class="zhuanming">京兆</span><span class="zhuanming">樊普曠</span>者，彭亨譎詭，調笑動人，帝頗重之。召入通道，雖被抑退，常翦髮留鬚。帝問何事去留，<span class="zhuanming">曠</span>曰：『臣學陛下。二教雖除，猶存通道。鬚爲俗飾，故留。髮非俗教，故遣。』帝曰：『俗有留髮，上加以冠，何言非教？』<span class="zhuanming">曠</span>曰：『無髮之士，豈是教乎？臣預除之，加冠何損？』帝笑之。自爾常浄剃髮著冠纓領，人有問者，曰『我患熱也』云云。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00209','1726573',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P209</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1258" id="1267">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷一二<span class="shuming">隋西京大禪定道場釋靈幹傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋靈幹</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">李氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">金城</span><span class="zhuanming">狄道</span>人。……冠年受具，專志毗尼，而立性翹仰，恭攝成節，三業護持，均持遮性。<span class="zhuanming">周武</span>滅法，通廢仁祠。居家奉戒，儀體無失。<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>開佛日，有敕簡入菩薩數中，官給衣鉢，<span class="zhuanming">少林</span>置館。雖蒙厚供，而形同俗侣。<span class="zhuanming">開皇</span>三年，於<span class="zhuanming">洛州</span><span class="zhuanming">浄土寺</span>方得落髮。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1259" id="1268">〔九〕</a><span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：「『知』字，恐『無』字。」底本校記：「知＝無。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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賜謚號
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138005" key="1138005"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 賜謚號 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138006" key="1138006"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00202','1726572',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P202</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000141">賜謚號</p><p> <span>僧循萬行，故有迹焉。善行則謚以嘉名，惡行則人皆不齒，是以六群比丘，終非杜多之號；六和勝士，方旌所易之名<a class="zhuhao" href="#1243" id="1235">〔一〕</a>。自<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>，無聞斯禮。<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>重高僧<span class="zhuanming">法果</span>，生署之以官，死幸之而臨，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">去聲。</span> <span>乃追贈「胡靈公」<a class="zhuhao" href="#1244" id="1236">〔二〕</a>，此僧謚之始也。</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">果</span>爲沙門統，封公爵，追贈「胡靈」，謚也。</span> <span>原此，出於<span class="zhuanming">太常寺</span>矣。<span class="zhuanming">後周</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>世﹑<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>初，皆不行。至<span class="zhuanming">天后</span>朝，有北宗<span class="zhuanming">神秀</span>居<span class="zhuanming">荆<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00203','1726572',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P203</span></i>州</span>。<span class="zhuanming">神龍</span>二年，詔賜謚<span class="zhuanming">大通禪師</span>矣<a class="zhuhao" href="#1245" id="1237">〔三〕</a>。又有<span class="zhuanming">西域</span><span class="zhuanming">菩提留支</span>，<span class="zhuanming">長壽</span>二年至<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>，止<span class="zhuanming">授記寺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">神龍</span>二年，隨駕西京，住<span class="zhuanming">崇福寺</span>翻經。<span class="zhuanming">中宗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">睿宗</span>，曾親筆授。<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>中，年一百五十六歲，敕賜鴻臚卿，卒謚<span class="zhuanming">一切遍知三藏</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1246" id="1238">〔四〕</a>。又沙門<span class="zhuanming">一行</span>卒，謚<span class="zhuanming">大慧禪師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1247" id="1239">〔五〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">文宗</span>朝，謚<span class="zhuanming">端甫</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">大達法師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1248" id="1240">〔六〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>謚<span class="zhuanming">廬山</span><span class="zhuanming">慧遠</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">大覺法師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1249" id="1241">〔七〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">懿宗</span>謚<span class="zhuanming">南山</span><span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">澄照大師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1250" id="1242">〔八〕</a>。此後諸道奏舉名僧逸士，朝廷加謚，累代有之。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1235" id="1243">〔一〕</a>六群比丘：佛世時聚集結黨﹑出入成群的六名比丘。常作非威儀之事，故佛制戒律，多緣之而起。<span class="shuming">薩婆多毗尼毗婆沙</span>卷四<span class="shuming">三十事初結長衣戒因緣</span>：「六群比丘者，一﹑<span class="zhuanming">難途</span>，二﹑<span class="zhuanming">跋難陀</span>，三﹑<span class="zhuanming">迦留陀夷</span>，四﹑<span class="zhuanming">闡那</span>，五﹑<span class="zhuanming">馬宿</span>，六﹑<span class="zhuanming">滿宿</span>。云二人得漏盡入無餘涅槃：一﹑<span class="zhuanming">迦留陀夷</span>，二﹑<span class="zhuanming">闡那</span>；二人生天上，又云二人犯重戒，又云不犯，若犯重者不得生天也：一﹑<span class="zhuanming">難途</span>，二﹑<span class="zhuanming">跋難陀</span>；二人墮惡道生龍中：一﹑<span class="zhuanming">馬宿</span>，二﹑<span class="zhuanming">滿宿</span>。二人善解算數陰陽變運：一﹑<span class="zhuanming">難途</span>，二﹑<span class="zhuanming">跋難陀</span>；二人深通射道：一﹑<span class="zhuanming">迦留陀夷</span>，二﹑<span class="zhuanming">闡那</span>；二人善於音樂﹑種種戲笑：一﹑<span class="zhuanming">馬宿</span>，二﹑<span class="zhuanming">滿宿</span>。二人善於説法論議：一﹑<span class="zhuanming">難途</span>，二﹑<span class="zhuanming">跋難陀</span>；二人深解阿毗曇：一﹑<span class="zhuanming">迦留陀夷</span>，二﹑<span class="zhuanming">闡那</span>；二人事事皆能，亦巧説法論議，亦解阿毗曇：一﹑<span class="zhuanming">馬宿</span>，二﹑<span class="zhuanming">滿宿</span>。又云此六人無往不通，通達三藏十二部經，内爲法之樑棟，外爲佛法大護。二人多欲：一﹑<span class="zhuanming">難途</span>，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00204','1726572',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P204</span></i>二﹑<span class="zhuanming">跋難陀</span>；二人多瞋：一﹑<span class="zhuanming">馬宿</span>，二﹑<span class="zhuanming">滿宿</span>；二人多癡：一﹑<span class="zhuanming">迦留陀夷</span>，二﹑<span class="zhuanming">闡那</span>。又云三人多欲：一﹑<span class="zhuanming">難途</span>，二﹑<span class="zhuanming">跋難陀</span>，三﹑<span class="zhuanming">迦留陀夷</span>；二人多瞋：一﹑<span class="zhuanming">馬宿</span>，二﹑<span class="zhuanming">滿宿</span>；一人多癡，<span class="zhuanming">闡那</span>是也。五人是<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>種子王種：<span class="zhuanming">難途</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">跋難陀</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">馬宿</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">滿宿</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">闡那</span>；一是婆羅門種：<span class="zhuanming">迦留陀夷</span>。六人俱是豪族，共相影響，相與爲友，宣通佛教。」按：其名號，諸經律所載不完全相同。　　六和：亦稱六和敬，謂身和共住﹑口和無諍﹑意和同事﹑戒和同修﹑見和同解﹑利和同均。　　勝士：對持浄戒者的尊稱。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1236" id="1244">〔二〕</a>法果：參卷中「僧統」條。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1237" id="1245">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷八<span class="shuming">唐荆州當陽山度門寺神秀傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋神秀</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">李氏</span>，今東京<span class="zhuanming">尉氏</span>人也。……<span class="zhuanming">秀</span>以<span class="zhuanming">神龍</span>二年卒，士庶皆來送葬，詔賜謚曰<span class="zhuanming">大通禪師</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1238" id="1246">〔四〕</a>見<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷三<span class="shuming">唐洛京長壽寺菩提流志傳</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1239" id="1247">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷五<span class="shuming">唐中嶽嵩陽寺一行傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋一行</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">張</span>，<span class="zhuanming">鉅鹿</span>人也。……自終及葬，凡經二七日，爪甲不變，髭髮更長，形色怡悦，時衆驚異。帝覽奏悲愴，曰：『禪師捨朕，深用哀慕。』喪事官供，詔葬于<span class="zhuanming">銅人原</span>，謚曰<span class="zhuanming">大慧禪師</span>。御撰塔銘，天下<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>子榮之。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1240" id="1248">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">唐京師大安國寺端甫傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋端甫</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">趙氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">天水</span>人也，世爲<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>著姓焉。……以<span class="zhuanming">開成</span>元年六月一日，西向右脅而滅。當暑而尊容若生，終夕而異香猶鬱。其年七月六日，遷於<span class="zhuanming">長樂</span>之南原，遺命荼毗，得舍利三百餘粒，方熾而神光月皎，既燼而靈骨<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00205','1726572',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P205</span></i>珠圓。賜謚曰<span class="zhuanming">大達</span>，塔曰<span class="zhuanming">玄祕</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1241" id="1249">〔七〕</a>按：「大覺」疑誤，當爲「辯覺」。<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷二六<span class="shuming">蓮社七祖</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">唐宣宗</span><span class="zhuanming">大中</span>二年，追謚<span class="zhuanming">辯覺大師</span>。<span class="zhuanming">昇元</span>三年，追謚<span class="zhuanming">正覺</span>。」<span class="shuming">廬山記</span>卷一<span class="shuming">叙山北</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">遠公</span>初謚<span class="zhuanming">辯覺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">昇元</span>三年，謚<span class="zhuanming">正覺大師</span>。<span class="zhuanming">興國</span>三年，謚<span class="zhuanming">圓悟大師</span>，仍名其墳曰<span class="zhuanming">凝寂之塔</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1242" id="1250">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二<span class="shuming">法運通塞志十七之九</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">懿宗</span><span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>十年）敕追謚<span class="zhuanming">南山</span><span class="zhuanming">道宣律師</span>曰<span class="zhuanming">澄照</span>。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
度僧規利
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138009" key="1138009"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 度僧規利 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138010" key="1138010"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00201','1726571',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P201</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000139">度僧規利</p><p> <span>緬想前朝，度僧相繼，所開壇法，無不利他。俄有澆時，乃求利國，雖是權宜之制，終招負處之殃。今序少端，用遮後世。<span class="zhuanming">唐肅宗</span>在<span class="zhuanming">靈武</span>新立，百度惟艱，最闕軍須，因成詭計。時宰臣<span class="zhuanming">裴冕</span>隨駕至<span class="zhuanming">扶風</span>，奏下令賣官，鬻度僧尼道士，以軍儲爲務，人有不願，科令就之，其價益賤，事轉成弊<a class="zhuhao" href="#1233" id="1231">〔一〕</a>。鬻度僧道，自<span class="zhuanming">冕</span>始也。後諸征鎮，尤而效焉。如<span class="zhuanming">徐州</span><span class="zhuanming">王智興</span>奏置戒壇於<span class="zhuanming">臨淮</span>佛寺，先納錢，後與度，至有輸賄後不受法者多矣。<span class="zhuanming">李德祐</span>在<span class="zhuanming">潤州</span>，具奏其事云：自<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>末已來，諸侯角立，稍闕軍須，則召度僧尼道士。先納財謂之香水錢，後給公牒云<a class="zhuhao" href="#1234" id="1232">〔二〕</a>。念此爲弊事，復毁法門，吁哉！</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1231" id="1233">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一一三<span class="shuming">裴冕傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">（裴）冕</span>性忠勤，悉心奉公，稍得人心。然不識大體，以聚人曰財，乃下令賣官鬻爵，度尼僧道士，以儲積爲務。人不願者，科令就之，其價益賤，事轉爲弊。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1232" id="1234">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一七上<span class="shuming">敬宗紀</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">長慶</span>四年十二月）乙未，<span class="zhuanming">徐泗</span><span class="zhuanming">王智興</span>請置僧尼戒壇，<span class="zhuanming">浙西</span>觀察<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00202','1726571',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P202</span></i>使<span class="zhuanming">李德裕</span>奏狀論其奸幸。時自<span class="zhuanming">憲宗</span>朝有敕禁私度戒壇，<span class="zhuanming">智興</span>冒禁陳請，蓋緣久不興置，由是天下沙門奔走如不及。<span class="zhuanming">智興</span>邀其厚利，由是致富，時議醜之。」<span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一七四<span class="shuming">李德裕傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">元和</span>已來，累敕天下州府，不得私度僧尼。<span class="zhuanming">徐州</span>節度使<span class="zhuanming">王智興</span>聚貨無厭，以<span class="zhuanming">敬宗</span>誕月，請於<span class="zhuanming">泗州</span>置僧壇，度人資福，以邀厚利。<span class="zhuanming">江</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">淮</span>之民，皆群黨渡<span class="zhuanming">淮</span>。<span class="zhuanming">德裕</span>奏論曰：『<span class="zhuanming">王智興</span>於所屬<span class="zhuanming">泗州</span>置僧尼戒壇，自去冬於<span class="zhuanming">江</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">淮</span>已南，所在懸榜招置。<span class="zhuanming">江</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">淮</span>自<span class="zhuanming">元和</span>二年後，不敢私度。自聞<span class="zhuanming">泗州</span>有壇，户有三丁必令一丁落髮，意在規避王徭，影庇資産。自正月已來，落髮者無算。臣今於<span class="zhuanming">蒜山渡</span>點其過者，一日一百餘人，勘問唯十四人是舊日沙彌，餘是<span class="zhuanming">蘇</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">常</span>百姓，亦無本州文憑，尋已勒還本貫。訪聞<span class="zhuanming">泗州</span>置壇次第，凡僧徒到者，人納二緡，給牒即回，别無法事。若不特行禁止，比到誕節，計<span class="zhuanming">江</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">淮</span>已南，失却六十萬丁壯。此事非細，繫於朝廷法度。』狀奏，即日詔<span class="zhuanming">徐州</span>罷之。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
外學
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138013" key="1138013"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 傳密藏 &gt; 外學 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138014" key="1138014"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00066','1726534',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P66</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000068"><b>外學</b></p><p> <span>夫學不厭博，有所不知，蓋闕如也。吾宗致遠，以三乘法而運載焉。然或魔障相陵，必須禦侮。禦侮之術，莫若知彼敵情。敵情者，<span class="zhuanming">西竺</span>則韋陀，<span class="zhuanming">東夏</span>則經籍矣。故<span class="zhuanming">祇洹寺</span>中有四韋陀院，外道以爲宗極。又有書院，大千界内所有不同文書，並集其中，佛俱許讀之。爲伏外道，而不許依其見也。此土古德高僧，能攝伏異宗者，率由博學之故。譬如<span class="zhuanming">夷狄</span>之人，言語不通，飲食不同，孰能達其志﹑通其欲？其或微解<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>語，立便馴知<a class="zhuhao" href="#490" id="483">〔一〕</a>矣。是以<span class="zhuanming">習鑿齒</span>，<span class="zhuanming">道安</span>以詼諧而伏之<a class="zhuhao" href="#491" id="484">〔二〕</a>；<span class="zhuanming">宗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">雷</span>之輩，<span class="zhuanming">慧遠</span>以<span class="shuming">詩</span>﹑<span class="shuming">禮</span>而誘之<a class="zhuhao" href="#492" id="485">〔三〕</a>；<span class="zhuanming">權無二</span>，<span class="zhuanming">復禮</span>以<span class="shuming">辨惑</span>而柔之<a class="zhuhao" href="#493" id="486">〔四〕</a>；<span class="zhuanming">陸鴻漸</span>，<span class="zhuanming">皎然</span>以<span class="shuming">詩式</span>而友之<a class="zhuhao" href="#494" id="487">〔五〕</a>。此皆不施他術，唯通外學耳。況乎儒道二教，義理玄邈，<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>子既精本業，何妨<a class="zhuhao" href="#495" id="488">〔六〕</a>鑽極以<a class="zhuhao" href="#496" id="489">〔七〕</a>廣見聞？勿滯於一方也。</span> </p><p class="weizhi_zhanwei"></p><p> <span><span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>卷上</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00067','1726534',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P67</span></i>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#483" id="490">〔一〕</a>知：底本校記：「知＝和。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#484" id="491">〔二〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷五<span class="shuming">釋道安傳</span>：「時<span class="zhuanming">襄陽</span><span class="zhuanming">習鑿齒</span>鋒辯天逸，籠罩當時。其先聞<span class="zhuanming">安</span>高名，早已致書通好，曰：『承應真履正，明白内融，慈訓兼照，道俗齊蔭。自大教東流四百餘年，雖蕃王居士時有奉者。而真丹宿訓，先行上世，道運時遷，俗未僉悟。自頃道業之隆，咸無以匹。所謂月光將出，靈鉢應降。法師任當洪範，化洽幽深，此方諸僧，咸有思慕。若慶雲東徂，摩尼迴曜，一躡七寶之座，暫現明哲之燈。雨甘露於豐草，植栴檀於江湄。則<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>之教，復崇於今日；玄波溢漾，重盪於一代矣。』文多不悉載。及聞<span class="zhuanming">安</span>至止，即往修造。既坐，稱言：『四海<span class="zhuanming">習鑿齒</span>。』<span class="zhuanming">安</span>曰：『彌天<span class="zhuanming">釋道安</span>。』時人以爲名答。<span class="zhuanming">齒</span>後餉梨十枚，正值衆食，便手自剖分，梨盡人遍，無參差者。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#485" id="492">〔三〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">釋慧遠傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋慧遠</span>，本姓<span class="zhuanming">賈氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">雁門</span><span class="zhuanming">婁煩</span>人也。弱而好書，珪璋秀發。年十三，隨舅<span class="zhuanming">令狐氏</span>遊學<span class="zhuanming">許</span><span class="zhuanming">洛</span>，故少爲諸生，博綜六經，尤善<span class="zhuanming">莊</span><span class="zhuanming">老</span>。性度弘博，風鑒朗拔。雖宿儒英達，莫不服其深致。……<span class="zhuanming">遠</span>内通佛理，外善群書，夫預學徒，莫不依擬。時<span class="zhuanming">遠</span>講<span class="shuming">喪服經</span>，<span class="zhuanming">雷次宗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宗炳</span>等，並執卷承旨。」<span class="shuming">廬山記</span>卷三<span class="shuming">十八賢傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">雷次宗</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">仲倫</span>，<span class="zhuanming">豫章</span><span class="zhuanming">南昌</span>人。博學，尤明<span class="shuming">詩</span>﹑<span class="shuming">禮</span>。不就徵辟，入<span class="zhuanming">廬山</span>立館<span class="zhuanming">東林</span>僧房之東，與<span class="zhuanming">遠公</span>同社。」「<span class="zhuanming">宗炳</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">少文</span>，<span class="zhuanming">南陽</span><span class="zhuanming">涅陽</span>人。祖<span class="zhuanming">承</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宜都</span>太守。父<span class="zhuanming">繇之</span>，<span class="zhuanming">湘鄉</span>令。<span class="zhuanming">炳</span>博學，善琴書圖畫，尤精玄言。<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00068','1726534',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P68</span></i><span class="zhuanming">宋武帝</span>之在<span class="zhuanming">荆州</span>也，召爲主簿，不起。問其故，答曰：『棲丘飲谷，三十餘年矣。』入<span class="zhuanming">廬山</span>築室，與<span class="zhuanming">遠公</span>同社。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#486" id="493">〔四〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一七<span class="shuming">唐京兆大興善寺復禮傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋復禮</span>，<span class="zhuanming">京兆</span>人也，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">皇甫氏</span>。少出家，住<span class="zhuanming">興善寺</span>。性虚静，寡嗜欲。遊心内典，兼博玄儒，尤工賦詠，善於著述，俗流名士，皆仰慕之。三藏<span class="zhuanming">地婆訶羅</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">實叉難陀</span>等譯<span class="shuming">大莊嚴</span>﹑<span class="shuming">華嚴</span>等經，皆敕召<span class="zhuanming">禮</span>，令同翻譯。綴文裁義，實屬斯人。<span class="zhuanming">天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">永隆</span>二年辛巳，因太子文學<span class="zhuanming">權無二</span>述<span class="shuming">釋典稽疑</span>十條，用以問<span class="zhuanming">禮</span>，請令釋滯。遂爲答之，撰成三卷，名曰<span class="shuming">十門辯惑論</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#487" id="494">〔五〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷二九<span class="shuming">唐湖州杼山皎然傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋皎然</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">晝</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">謝氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">長城</span>人，<span class="zhuanming">康樂侯</span>十世孫也。……會前御史中丞<span class="zhuanming">李洪</span>自<span class="zhuanming">河北</span>負譴，再移爲<span class="zhuanming">湖</span>守，初相見未交一言，怳若神合。素知公精於佛理，因請益焉。先問宗源，次及心印，公笑而後答。他日言及<span class="shuming">詩式</span>，具陳以宿昔之志。公曰不然。固命門人檢出草本，一覽而歎曰：『早年曾見<span class="zhuanming">沈約</span><span class="shuming">品藻</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧休</span><span class="shuming">翰林</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">庾信</span><span class="shuming">詩箴</span>，三子所論，殊不及此。奈何學小乘褊見，以宿志爲辭邪？』……<span class="zhuanming">晝</span>以<span class="zhuanming">陸鴻漸</span>爲莫逆之交。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#488" id="495">〔六〕</a>妨：底本作「好」，從底本校記﹑<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#489" id="496">〔七〕</a><span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：「『以』字或『不』字歟？」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
城闍天王
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138017" key="1138017"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 城闍天王 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138018" key="1138018"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00223','1726578',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P223</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000153">城闍天王</p><p> <span>凡城門置天王者，爲護世也。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>元年壬子歲，西蕃<span class="zhuanming">大石</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">康居</span>五國來寇<span class="zhuanming">安西</span>。其年二月十一日，奏請兵解援。<span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span>詔發師，計一萬餘里，累月方到。時近臣言：「且可詔問<span class="zhuanming">不空三藏</span>。」帝依奏，詔入内持念，請天王爲救。帝秉香罏，<span class="zhuanming">不空</span>誦<span class="shuming">仁王護國經陀羅尼</span>二七遍，帝忽見神人，可五百員，帶甲荷戈在殿前。帝驚疑問，<span class="zhuanming">不空</span>對曰：「此<span class="zhuanming">毗沙門</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1336" id="1333">〔一〕</a>第二子<span class="zhuanming">獨健</span>領兵，是必副陛下意，往救<span class="zhuanming">安西</span>，故來辭耳，請設食發遣。」其年四月，<span class="zhuanming">安西</span>奏云：「去二月十一日巳後，城東北三十里，雲霧晦冥，中有人衆，可長丈餘，皆被金甲，至酉時，鼓角大鳴，聲振三百里，地動山傾。經二日，<span class="zhuanming">大石</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">康居</span>等五國，當時奔潰。諸帳幕間有金毛鼠，齧斷弓弩弦及器仗，悉不堪用。斯須，城樓上有光明天王現形，無不見者。謹圖天王樣，隨表進呈。」帝因敕諸道節度，所在州府，於城西北隅，各置天王形像，部從供養。至於佛寺，亦敕别院安置。迄今朔日，州府上香華食饌動歌舞，謂之樂天王也。所號<span class="zhuanming">毗沙門</span>者，由此天王與<span class="zhuanming">于闐國</span>最有因緣<a class="zhuhao" href="#1337" id="1334">〔二〕</a>，偏多應現<span class="zhuanming">于闐國</span>，是<span class="zhuanming">毗沙</span>部，故號<span class="zhuanming">毗沙門天王</span>，如言<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00224','1726578',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P224</span></i><span class="zhuanming">于闐國</span>天王也。亦猶<span class="zhuanming">觀音菩薩</span>所在現形，而偏曰<span class="zhuanming">寶陀落山<a class="zhuhao" href="#1338" id="1335">〔三〕</a>觀音</span>同也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1333" id="1336">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷二五<span class="shuming">大般涅槃經音義</span>卷上：「<span class="zhuanming">毗沙門王</span>，此云<span class="zhuanming">多聞</span>，即北方天王也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1334" id="1337">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷一一：「于闐，田練反。<span class="shuming">大唐西域記</span>譯云：<span class="zhuanming">瞿薩旦那國</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>言<span class="zhuanming">地乳</span>，諸<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>謂之<span class="zhuanming">豁旦</span>，<span class="zhuanming">印度</span>謂之<span class="zhuanming">屈丹</span>，舊曰<span class="zhuanming">于闐</span>，皆訛也。案此國今即貫屬<span class="zhuanming">安西</span>四鎮之城，此其一鎮也。於彼城中，有<span class="zhuanming">毗沙門天神廟</span>，七層木樓，神居樓上，甚有靈驗。其國界有<span class="zhuanming">牛頭山</span>，天神時來，棲宅此山。山有<span class="zhuanming">玉河</span>，河中往往漂流美玉。彼國王常採，遠來貢獻。東去<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>一萬二千餘里。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1335" id="1338">〔三〕</a>寶陀落山：多作「補陀洛山」，是<span class="zhuanming">觀音</span>宫殿所在。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
傳密藏
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138021" key="1138021"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 傳密藏 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138022" key="1138022"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00063','1726533',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P63</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000066">傳密藏<span class="font12 zhu">外學附</span></p><p> <span>密藏者，陀羅尼法<a class="zhuhao" href="#476" id="469">〔一〕</a>也。是法祕密，非二乘境界諸佛菩薩所能游履也。舊譯云持，新譯云性，本其原則微妙法性也，形其言則陀羅尼母也，究其音則聲明也，窮其文則字界緣也。<span class="shuming">出三藏記</span>云：神咒者，<span class="shuming">總持</span>﹑<span class="shuming">微密持</span>也<a class="zhuhao" href="#477" id="470">〔二〕</a>。<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">帛尸梨密多羅</span>，本<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>人，<span class="zhuanming">東晋</span>之初，至于<span class="zhuanming">建業</span>，<span class="zhuanming">王導</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">周伯仁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">庾亮</span>皆欽重之。善持咒術，所向多驗。時<span class="zhuanming">江東</span>未有咒法，<span class="zhuanming">密</span>出<span class="shuming">孔雀王咒</span>，咒法之始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#478" id="471">〔三〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">北魏</span>則<span class="zhuanming">嵩山</span><span class="zhuanming">菩提流支</span>咒井樹等，頗有靈效<a class="zhuhao" href="#479" id="472">〔四〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">唐朝</span>則<span class="zhuanming">智通法師</span>甚精禁咒焉<a class="zhuhao" href="#480" id="473">〔五〕</a>。次有<span class="zhuanming">不空三藏</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#481" id="474">〔六〕</a>，於京<span class="zhuanming">大興善寺</span>廣譯總持教，多設曼荼羅，神術莫可知也。灌頂壇法，始於<span class="zhuanming">不空</span>。<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span><span class="zhuanming">永泰</span>年中，敕灌頂道場處選二七人，爲國長誦<span class="shuming">佛頂咒</span>，及免差科地税云。<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>末<span class="zhuanming">後唐</span>世，<span class="zhuanming">道賢</span>闍梨者一夕夢游<span class="zhuanming">五天竺</span>，見佛指示此某國聚<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00064','1726533',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P64</span></i>落。洎旦，頓解<span class="zhuanming">五印</span>言音，毫釐不爽。今傳粉壇法，並宗此師，<span class="zhuanming">鳳翔</span>阿闍梨是也。<span class="zhuanming">後唐</span><span class="zhuanming">清泰</span>帝尤旌其道，後隨駕入<span class="zhuanming">洛</span>而卒<a class="zhuhao" href="#482" id="475">〔七〕</a>。今塔在<span class="zhuanming">龍門</span>，近東京南。<span class="zhuanming">日本</span>大師常爲王公大人演密藏，至今弟子繁衍，傳其業者，號曰「三藏」。或兼講經律論者，則稱「傳顯密藏」也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#469" id="476">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">大智度論</span>卷五：「云何陀羅尼？答曰：陀羅尼，<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>言能持，或言能遮。能持者，集種種善法，能持令不散不失，譬如完器盛水，水不漏散；能遮者，惡不善根心生，能遮令不生，若欲作惡罪，持令不作。是名陀羅尼。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#470" id="477">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷七<span class="shuming">合微密持經記</span>：「合<span class="shuming">微密持陀鄰尼總持</span>三本，上本是<span class="shuming">陀鄰尼</span>，下本是<span class="shuming">總持</span>﹑<span class="shuming">微密持</span>也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#471" id="478">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">帛尸梨密傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">帛尸梨密多羅</span>，此云<span class="zhuanming">吉友</span>，<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>人，時人呼爲<span class="zhuanming">高座</span>。……<span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">永嘉</span>中，始到<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>。值亂，仍過<span class="zhuanming">江</span>止<span class="zhuanming">建初寺</span>，丞相<span class="zhuanming">王導</span>一見而奇之，以爲『吾之徒也』，由是名顯。太尉<span class="zhuanming">庾元規</span>﹑光禄<span class="zhuanming">周伯仁</span>﹑太常<span class="zhuanming">謝幼輿</span>﹑廷尉<span class="zhuanming">桓茂倫</span>，皆一代名士，見之終日累歎，披衿致契。……<span class="zhuanming">密</span>善持咒術，所向皆驗。初<span class="zhuanming">江東</span>未有咒法，<span class="zhuanming">密</span>譯出<span class="shuming">孔雀王經</span>，明諸神咒。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#472" id="479">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">菩提流支傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">菩提流支</span>，<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>言<span class="zhuanming">道希</span>，<span class="zhuanming">北天竺</span>人也。遍通三藏，妙入總持，志在弘法，廣流視聽，遂挾道宵征，遠蒞<span class="zhuanming">葱</span>左。以<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">永平</span>之初，來遊<span class="zhuanming">東夏</span>。<span class="zhuanming">宣武皇帝</span>下敕引勞，供擬殷華，處之<span class="zhuanming">永寧大寺</span>。……洞善方言，兼工咒術，則無抗衡矣。嘗坐井口，澡罐内<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00065','1726533',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P65</span></i>空，弟子未來，無人汲水。<span class="zhuanming">流支</span>乃操柳枝，聊撝井中，密加誦咒，纔始數遍，泉水上涌，平及井欄，即以鉢酌，用之盥洗，傍僧具見，莫測其神，咸共嘉歎『大聖人也』，<span class="zhuanming">流支</span>曰：『勿妄褒賞，斯乃術法。外國共行，此方不習，謂爲聖耳。』懼惑世網，遂祕不宣。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#473" id="480">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷三<span class="shuming">唐京師總持寺智通傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋智通</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">趙氏</span>，本<span class="zhuanming">陝州</span><span class="zhuanming">安邑</span>人也。<span class="zhuanming">隋</span><span class="zhuanming">大業</span>中，出家受具，後隸名<span class="zhuanming">總持寺</span>。律行精明，經論該博。自幼挺秀，即有遊方之志，因往<span class="zhuanming">洛京</span>翻經館學<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>書并語，曉然明解。屬<span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>中，有<span class="zhuanming">北天竺</span>僧齎到<span class="shuming">千臂千眼經</span><span class="zhuanming">梵</span>本，<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>敕搜天下僧中學解者，充翻經館綴文﹑筆受﹑證義等。<span class="zhuanming">通</span>應其選，與<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>僧對，譯成二卷。<span class="zhuanming">天皇</span><span class="zhuanming">永徽</span>四年，復於本寺出<span class="shuming">千囀陀羅尼觀世音菩薩咒</span>一卷﹑<span class="shuming">觀自在菩薩隨心咒</span>一卷﹑<span class="shuming">清浄觀世音菩薩陀羅尼</span>一卷，共四部五卷。<span class="zhuanming">通</span>善其<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>字，復究<span class="zhuanming">華</span>言，敵對相翻，時皆推伏。又云：行瑜伽祕密教，大有感通。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#474" id="481">〔六〕</a>不空：<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>名<span class="zhuanming">阿目佉跋折羅</span>，<span class="zhuanming">華</span>言<span class="zhuanming">不空金剛</span>，<span class="zhuanming">北天竺</span>人。詳參<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">唐京兆大興善寺不空傳</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#475" id="482">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷二五<span class="shuming">後唐鳳翔府道賢傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋道賢</span>，不知何許人也。持諷<span class="shuming">孔雀王經</span>以爲日計，末則受<span class="shuming">瑜伽灌頂法</span>，持明之功愈多徵應。嘗夜夢佛攜<span class="zhuanming">賢</span>行，步步蹈履濃雲，若乘剛焉。每行不知幾百里，而指之曰：『此<span class="zhuanming">摩竭陀國</span>，此<span class="zhuanming">占波國</span>，<span class="zhuanming">南印度</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">西印度</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">迦濕彌羅</span>等國。』且行且記，喜躍不勝。及寤覺，冥解<span class="zhuanming">五天</span><span class="zhuanming">梵</span>音，悉曇語言。……<span class="zhuanming">隴坻</span>道俗，皆禀承密藏，號阿<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00066','1726533',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P66</span></i>闍黎也。迨<span class="zhuanming">長興</span>末，<span class="zhuanming">明宗</span>晏駕，立<span class="zhuanming">從厚</span>爲帝。<span class="zhuanming">鳳翔</span><span class="zhuanming">清泰</span>不恭其命。……<span class="zhuanming">清泰</span>乃擁兵而東，召<span class="zhuanming">賢</span>俱行，入<span class="zhuanming">洛</span>即帝位歟，改元曰<span class="zhuanming">清泰</span>。<span class="zhuanming">賢</span>奏曰：『年號不佳。何邪？水清石見。』至二年，敕移<span class="zhuanming">并州</span><span class="zhuanming">晋高祖</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">天平軍</span>，乃阻兵自固。潛連<span class="zhuanming">契丹</span>，長驅入<span class="zhuanming">洛</span>。<span class="zhuanming">清泰</span>自焚，果『石見』之應矣。<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>兵未至，<span class="zhuanming">賢</span>先終于<span class="zhuanming">洛</span>。今兩京傳大教者，皆法孫之曾玄矣。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
駕頭牀子
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138025" key="1138025"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 駕頭牀子 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138026" key="1138026"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00219','1726577',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P219</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000151">駕頭牀子</p><p> <span>盛經七寶案也。其制度以雜瑰珍間填成之。款其足，高其緣，所置之經，即<span class="shuming">仁王護國</span>也<a class="zhuhao" href="#1324" id="1315">〔一〕</a>。所覆之巾，即上深紅羅也。使中宫謹愿者馬上平持，舒徐而啓行，望乘輿可百步，以爲前導<a class="zhuhao" href="#1325" id="1316">〔二〕</a>也。此之儀制，未知始端。如<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>譯經云：作七寶案，以經置上，若王行時，常<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00220','1726577',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P220</span></i>於其前足滿百步，令千里内七難不起。若王住時，作七寶帳，置經供養，如事父母，如事<span class="zhuanming">帝釋</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1326" id="1317">〔三〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>譯本云：置經寶案，若王行時，常導其前。所在住處，作七寶帳<a class="zhuhao" href="#1327" id="1318">〔四〕</a>。餘文大同。今疑行此，爲<span class="zhuanming">後秦</span>邪？爲<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>世邪？<span class="shuming">輿服志</span>無文，諸朝史闕載，然則既亡明據，可以理求。蓋<span class="zhuanming">唐代宗</span><span class="zhuanming">永泰</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">不空三藏</span>重譯後置也。<span class="zhuanming">不空</span>嘗誦此經中咒，感天王子領神兵解<span class="zhuanming">安西</span>城<span class="zhuanming">羌胡</span>之圍，又祈晴雨多驗，于時可以請依經置案，以象其前驅<a class="zhuhao" href="#1328" id="1319">〔五〕</a>。祕其事故，史氏莫知也。<span class="shuming">唐紀</span>云：<span class="zhuanming">永泰</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">羌胡</span>寇邊，京城戒嚴。又因星變，内出<span class="shuming">仁王經</span>兩卷，與<a class="zhuhao" href="#1329" id="1320">〔六〕</a>付<span class="zhuanming">資聖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">西明</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1330" id="1321">〔七〕</a>二佛寺，開百座仁王道場<a class="zhuhao" href="#1331" id="1322">〔八〕</a>。檢此，知<span class="zhuanming">永泰</span>爲始也。又或百座法筵時，帝親臨御壇，儀中合用寶案，置經引駕，因而不廢也。有云<span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span>累置百座道場，莫起<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>中邪？今謂<span class="zhuanming">明皇</span>薄於<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，難行斯法也。然雖薄於<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，而且厚於好奇，兩説之中，與其<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>可矣。又未知經是何本，若是舊譯，則<span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span>以前。如用新經，則<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>爲始也。自後諸帝，或設而不作，則説案上無經；或置而勿論，則云儀注合用。此蓋弗知而不加鄭重矣。今<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span>法物克全，用之引導群下，迎望見此，知駕近百步矣。語其功也，與辟惡之車<a class="zhuhao" href="#1332" id="1323">〔九〕</a>殊形而共致焉。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1315" id="1324">〔一〕</a>仁王護國：即<span class="shuming">仁王護國經</span>，又稱<span class="shuming">仁王護國般若波羅蜜多經</span>﹑<span class="shuming">仁王經</span>等，先後有四譯：一爲<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00221','1726577',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P221</span></i><span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">竺法護</span>譯，一爲<span class="zhuanming">姚秦</span><span class="zhuanming">鳩摩羅什</span>譯，一爲<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">真諦</span>譯，一爲<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">不空</span>譯。現存<span class="zhuanming">鳩摩羅什</span>譯和<span class="zhuanming">不空</span>譯。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1316" id="1325">〔二〕</a>導：底本作「道」，據<span class="zhuanming">淺野</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1317" id="1326">〔三〕</a><span class="zhuanming">姚秦</span><span class="zhuanming">鳩摩羅什</span>譯<span class="shuming">佛説仁王般若波羅蜜經</span>卷下<span class="shuming">受持品</span>：「應作九色幡，長九丈；九色華，高二丈；千支燈，高五丈；九玉箱，九玉巾，亦作七寶案，以經置上。若王行時，常於其前足一百步，是經常放千光明，令千里内，七難不起，罪過不生。若王住時，作七寶帳，帳中七寶高座，以經卷置上，日日供養，散華燒香，如事父母，如事<span class="zhuanming">帝釋</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1318" id="1327">〔四〕</a><span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">不空</span>譯<span class="shuming">仁王護國般若波羅蜜多經</span>卷下<span class="shuming">奉持品</span>：「寶函盛經，置於寶案。若欲行時，常導其前。所在住處，作七寶帳。衆寶爲座，置經於上。種種供養，如事父母，亦如諸天，奉事<span class="zhuanming">帝釋</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1319" id="1328">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">唐京兆大興善寺不空傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>即位，恩渥彌厚。譯<span class="shuming">密嚴</span>﹑<span class="shuming">仁王</span>二經畢，帝爲序焉。頒行之日，慶雲俄現，舉朝表賀。<span class="zhuanming">永泰</span>元年十一月一日，制授特進，試鴻臚卿，加號<span class="zhuanming">大廣智三藏</span>。<span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>三年，於<span class="zhuanming">興善寺</span>立道場，敕賜錦繡褥十二領﹑繡羅幡三十二首，又賜道場僧二七日齋糧，敕近侍大臣諸禁軍使並入灌頂。四年冬，<span class="zhuanming">空</span>奏天下食堂中置<span class="zhuanming">文殊菩薩</span>爲上座。制許之。此蓋慊<span class="zhuanming">憍陳如</span>是小乘教中始度故也。五年夏有詔，請<span class="zhuanming">空</span>往<span class="zhuanming">五臺山</span>修功德，于時彗星出焉，法事告終，星亦隨没。秋，<span class="zhuanming">空</span>至自<span class="zhuanming">五臺</span>，帝以師子驄并御鞍轡，遣中<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00222','1726577',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P222</span></i>使出城迎入，賜沿道供帳。六年十月二日帝誕節，進所譯之經，表云：『爰自幼年承事先師三藏，十有四載，禀受瑜伽法門。復遊<span class="zhuanming">五印度</span>，求所未授者，并諸經論，計五百餘部。<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>五載，却至上都，上皇詔入内立灌頂道場，所齎<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>經，盡許翻度。<span class="zhuanming">肅宗</span>於内立護摩及灌頂法。累奉二聖，令鳩聚先代外國<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>文，或絛索脱落者修，未譯者譯。陛下恭遵遺旨，再使翻傳，利濟群品。起于<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>，迄今<span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>六年，凡一百二十餘卷，七十七部，并目録及筆受等僧俗名字，兼略出念誦儀軌。寫畢遇誕節，謹具進上。』敕付中外並編入<span class="shuming">一切經目録</span>中。<span class="zhuanming">李憲誠</span>宣敕，賜<span class="zhuanming">空</span>錦綵絹八百匹。同翻經十大德，各賜三十匹。沙門<span class="zhuanming">潛真</span>表謝。僧俗弟子，賜物有差。又以京師春夏不雨，詔<span class="zhuanming">空</span>祈請。如三日内雨，是和尚法力。三日已往而霈然者，非法力也。<span class="zhuanming">空</span>受敕立壇，至第二日，大雨云足。帝賜紫羅衣并雜綵百匹，弟子衣七副，設千僧齋，以報功也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1320" id="1329">〔六〕</a>與：底本校記﹑<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本作「輿」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1321" id="1330">〔七〕</a>明：底本作「湖」，據<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本改。參下注。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1322" id="1331">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">三寶感應要略録</span>卷二<span class="shuming">唐代宗皇帝講仁王般若降雨感應</span></span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">出<span class="shuming">唐記</span></span> <span class="font12 zhu">：「<span class="zhuanming">代宗皇帝</span><span class="zhuanming">永泰</span>元年秋，天下無雨枯渴。<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>以八月二十三日，詔於<span class="zhuanming">資聖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">西明</span>兩寺，請百法師講新翻<span class="shuming">仁王般若經</span>，以三藏法師<span class="zhuanming">不空</span>爲都講。至于九月一日，黑雲聳空，甘露雨降，天下得潤雨澤。枯死草木，頓成榮茂，<span class="shuming">仁王般若</span>威神不可思議。又<span class="zhuanming">羌胡</span>寇邊，京城又因星變，内出<span class="shuming">仁王經</span>二卷，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00223','1726577',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P223</span></i>開百座仁王道場。皆有感應矣。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1323" id="1332">〔九〕</a><span class="zhuanming">崔豹</span><span class="shuming">古今注</span>卷上<span class="shuming">輿服</span>：「辟惡車，<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>制也。桃弓葦矢，所以祓除不祥也。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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前言
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138029" key="1138029"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 前言 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138030" key="1138030"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-D00001','1726499',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P1</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000002"><b>前言</b></p><p> <span><span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>，三卷，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>撰，是一部主要記録<span class="zhuanming">中土</span>佛教事迹及其典制流變的重要佛教史籍。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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此土僧游西域
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138033" key="1138033"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 此土僧游西域 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138034" key="1138034"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00060','1726532',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P60</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000064">此土僧游西域</p><p> <span>嗟乎！<span class="zhuanming">騫</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#458" id="447">〔一〕</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">憲</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#459" id="448">〔二〕</a>雖征，只爲開荒而奉命；<span class="zhuanming">騰</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">蘭</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#460" id="449">〔三〕</a>既至，未聞克志以求經。亦猶決一隄塘，内水既出，外水亦入，一出一入，然後知<a class="zhuhao" href="#461" id="450">〔四〕</a>平矣。<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span><span class="zhuanming">朱士行</span>誓往西天，尋求<span class="shuming">般若</span>，<span class="zhuanming">僧祐</span>以爲東僧西往之始焉<a class="zhuhao" href="#462" id="451">〔五〕</a>。然只在<span class="zhuanming">葱嶺</span>之北<span class="zhuanming">于填</span>而止。<span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">法顯</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#463" id="452">〔六〕</a>募同志數十人，游于<span class="zhuanming">印度</span>，登<span class="zhuanming">靈鷲山</span>，此乃到<span class="zhuanming">中天</span>之始也。厥後交肩接迹，至有<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>寺别居<span class="zhuanming">東夏</span>之僧，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00061','1726532',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P61</span></i>決隄之喻，居可驗矣。若論傳譯之人，則多善一方，罕聞通解。唯<span class="zhuanming">奘三藏</span>究兩土之音訓，瞻諸學之川源，如從佛聞，曲盡意<a class="zhuhao" href="#464" id="453">〔七〕</a>。次則<span class="zhuanming">義浄</span>躬游彼刹<a class="zhuhao" href="#465" id="454">〔八〕</a>，妙達毗尼，改律範之妄迷，注密言之引合，遂得受持有驗，流布無疑矣。原其<span class="zhuanming">後漢</span>以來，譯者相續。洎<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">元和</span>年中，翻<span class="shuming">本生心地觀經</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#466" id="455">〔九〕</a>，之後百六十載，寂爾無聞。<span class="zhuanming">宋太祖</span>嘗遣百餘僧往西方求法<a class="zhuhao" href="#467" id="456">〔一○〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span><span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>七年，有詔立譯經院于東京<span class="zhuanming">太平興國寺</span>之西偏，聚三藏<span class="zhuanming">天息災</span>等<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>僧數員，及選兩街明義學僧，同譯新經<a class="zhuhao" href="#468" id="457">〔一一〕</a>。譯經之務，<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span>中興也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#447" id="458">〔一〕</a>騫：即<span class="zhuanming">張騫</span>，曾兩次出使<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>，見<span class="shuming">漢書</span>卷六一<span class="shuming">張騫傳</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#448" id="459">〔二〕</a>憲：即<span class="zhuanming">景憲</span>，或作<span class="zhuanming">秦景</span>，或作<span class="zhuanming">秦景憲</span>。<span class="shuming">歷代三寶紀</span>卷二：「<span class="zhuanming">哀帝</span>世<span class="zhuanming">元壽</span>年中，<span class="zhuanming">景憲</span>使於<span class="zhuanming">大月支國</span>，受得浮圖經。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#449" id="460">〔三〕</a>騰蘭：<span class="zhuanming">攝摩騰</span>與<span class="zhuanming">竺法蘭</span>，初傳佛教於<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>的人。<span class="zhuanming">漢明帝</span>派遣<span class="zhuanming">蔡愔</span>等於<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>求法，遇<span class="zhuanming">摩騰</span>，<span class="zhuanming">永平</span>十年與<span class="zhuanming">竺法蘭</span>等至<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>，譯<span class="shuming">四十二章經</span>等。<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>地有佛法，自此始。二人傳均見<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一。參「經像東傳」條注一，「創造伽藍」條注五。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#450" id="461">〔四〕</a>知：底本校記：「知＝和。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#451" id="462">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一三<span class="shuming">朱士行傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">朱士行</span>，<span class="zhuanming">潁川</span>人也。……誓志捐身，遠迎<span class="shuming">大品</span>，遂以<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">甘<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00062','1726532',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P62</span></i>露</span>五年，發迹<span class="zhuanming">雍州</span>，西渡<span class="zhuanming">流沙</span>，既至<span class="zhuanming">于闐</span>，果寫得正品<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>書<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>本九十章，六十萬餘言。遣弟子<span class="zhuanming">不如檀</span>，<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>言<span class="zhuanming">法饒</span>，凡十人，送經<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>本還<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#452" id="463">〔六〕</a>法顯：<span class="zhuanming">東晋</span>高僧，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">龔</span>，<span class="zhuanming">平陽</span><span class="zhuanming">武陽</span>人，<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一五﹑<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷三等有傳。其求法經歷，詳見<span class="shuming">法顯傳</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#453" id="464">〔七〕</a>曲盡意：<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本作「曲盡其意」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#454" id="465">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">唐京兆大薦福寺義浄傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋義浄</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">文明</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">張氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">范陽</span>人也。……年十有五，便萌其志，欲遊<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>。仰<span class="zhuanming">法顯</span>之雅操，慕<span class="zhuanming">玄奘</span>之高風，加以勤無棄時，手不釋卷，弱冠登具，愈堅貞志。<span class="zhuanming">咸亨</span>二年年三十有七，方遂發足。……<span class="zhuanming">浄</span>奮勵孤行，備歷艱險，所至之境，皆洞言音。凡遇酋長，俱加禮重。<span class="zhuanming">鷲峰</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">雞足</span>，咸遂周遊；<span class="zhuanming">鹿苑</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">祇林</span>，並皆瞻矚。諸有聖迹，畢得追尋。經二十五年，歷三十餘國，以<span class="zhuanming">天后</span><span class="zhuanming">證聖</span>元年乙未仲夏還至<span class="zhuanming">河洛</span>，得<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>本經﹑律﹑論近四百部，合五十萬頌，金剛座真容一鋪，舍利三百粒。」詳參<span class="shuming">大唐西域求法高僧傳</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#455" id="466">〔九〕</a>本生心地觀經：即<span class="shuming">大乘本生心地觀經</span>，八卷，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">般若</span>譯。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#456" id="467">〔一○〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四三：「（<span class="zhuanming">乾德</span>）四年，詔<span class="zhuanming">秦</span><span class="zhuanming">涼</span>既通，可遣僧往<span class="zhuanming">西竺</span>求法。時沙門<span class="zhuanming">行勤</span>一百五十七人應詔，所歷<span class="zhuanming">焉耆</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">龜兹</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">迦彌羅</span>等國，並賜詔書﹑諭令，遣人前導，仍各賜裝錢三萬。」<span class="shuming">宋史</span>卷四九○<span class="shuming">外國傳</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">乾德</span>）四年，僧<span class="zhuanming">行勤</span>等一百五十七人詣闕上言，願至<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>求佛書，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00063','1726532',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P63</span></i>許之。以其所歷<span class="zhuanming">甘</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">沙</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">伊</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">肅</span>等州，<span class="zhuanming">焉耆</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">龜兹</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">于闐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">割禄</span>等國，又歷<span class="zhuanming">布路沙</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">加濕彌羅</span>等國，並詔諭其國，令人引導之。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#457" id="468">〔一一〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四三：「（<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>五年）二月，<span class="zhuanming">北天竺</span><span class="zhuanming">迦濕彌羅國</span>三藏<span class="zhuanming">天息災</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">烏填曩國</span>三藏<span class="zhuanming">施護</span>來，召見賜紫衣，敕二師同閲<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>夾。時上盛意翻譯，乃詔中使<span class="zhuanming">鄭守均</span>於<span class="zhuanming">太平興國寺</span>西建譯經院，爲三堂：中爲譯經，東序爲潤文，西序爲證義。」七年「六月，譯經院成，詔<span class="zhuanming">天息災</span>等居之」。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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大秦末尼
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv201598" key="201598"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 大秦末尼 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138036" key="1138036"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00216','1726576',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P216</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000149">大秦末尼<span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">胡</span>神也。<span class="shuming">官品令</span>有祆正<a class="zhuhao" href="#1309" id="1303">〔一〕</a>。</span></p><p> <span>火祆</span> <span class="font12 zhu">火煙切。</span> <span>教法<a class="zhuhao" href="#1310" id="1304">〔二〕</a>，本起大<span class="zhuanming">波斯國</span>，號<span class="zhuanming">蘇魯支</span>。有弟子名<span class="zhuanming">玄真</span>，習師之法，居<span class="zhuanming">波斯國</span><span class="zhuanming">大總長如火山</span>，後行化於<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>。<span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>五年，有傳法<span class="zhuanming">穆護何禄</span>，將祆教詣闕聞奏，敕令<span class="zhuanming">長安</span><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00217','1726576',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P217</span></i><span class="zhuanming">崇化坊</span>立祆寺，號<span class="zhuanming">大秦寺</span>，又名<span class="zhuanming">波斯寺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>二十年八月十五日，敕：「末尼本是邪見，妄稱佛教，誑惑黎元，以西<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>等既是師法，當身自行，不須科罰。」至<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>四年七月，敕：「<span class="zhuanming">波斯</span>經教<a class="zhuhao" href="#1311" id="1305">〔三〕</a>，出自<span class="zhuanming">大秦</span>，傳習而來，久行<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>。爰初建寺，因以爲名，將欲示人，必循其本，其兩京<span class="zhuanming">波斯寺</span>，宜改爲<span class="zhuanming">大秦寺</span>，天下諸州郡有者準此。」<span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>三年六月，敕<span class="zhuanming">迴紇</span>置寺，宜賜額<span class="zhuanming">大雲光明之寺</span>。六年正月，又敕<span class="zhuanming">荆</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">越</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">洪</span>等州，各置<span class="zhuanming">大雲光明寺</span>一所。<span class="zhuanming">武宗</span><span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>三年，敕天下摩尼寺並廢入宫，京城女摩尼七十二人死，及在此國<span class="zhuanming">迴紇</span>諸摩尼等配流諸道，死者大半。五年，再敕：「<span class="zhuanming">大秦</span>穆護火祆等二千餘人，並勒還俗。」然而未盡根荄，時分蔓衍。<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">貞明</span>六年，<span class="zhuanming">陳州</span>末尼黨類立<span class="zhuanming">母乙</span>爲天子。發兵討之，生擒<span class="zhuanming">母乙</span>，餘黨械送闕下，斬於都市。初，<span class="zhuanming">陳州</span>里俗，喜習左道，依浮圖之教，自立一宗，號「上上乘」，不食葷茹，誘化庸民，糅雜淫穢，宵集晝散。因刺史<span class="zhuanming">惠王</span><span class="zhuanming">友能</span>動多不法，由是妖賊嘯聚，累討未平。及<span class="zhuanming">貞明</span>中，誅斬方盡<a class="zhuhao" href="#1312" id="1306">〔四〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">後唐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">石晋</span>時，復潛興，推一人爲主，百事禀從。或畫一魔王踞座，佛爲其洗足，云：佛止大乘，此乃上上乘也<a class="zhuhao" href="#1313" id="1307">〔五〕</a>。蓋影傍佛教，所謂相似道也。或有比丘，爲飢凍故，往往隨之效利。有識者當<a class="zhuhao" href="#1314" id="1308">〔六〕</a>遠離之，此法誘人直到地獄，慎之哉！</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1303" id="1309">〔一〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本無此小字注。<span class="shuming">廣韻</span>卷二<span class="shuming">先第一</span>：「祆，<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>神，<span class="shuming">官品令</span>有祆正。」<span class="shuming">通典</span>卷四○<span class="shuming">職官<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00218','1726576',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P218</span></i>二二</span>：「視正五品：薩寶。視從七品：薩寶府祆正。」<span class="zhuanming">姚寬</span><span class="shuming">西溪叢語</span>卷上：「又嘗見<span class="shuming">官品令</span>，有祆正。祆法初來，以鴻臚寺爲禮遠令邸，後世因用以僧尼隸焉。設官來歷如此。祆之有正，想在<span class="zhuanming">唐室</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1304" id="1310">〔二〕</a>火祆教：全稱末尼火祆教，又稱火教等。末尼即寶珠，火祆言其光明，即彼教之神體太陽。<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷三九：「（<span class="zhuanming">唐太宗</span><span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>五年）初，<span class="zhuanming">波斯國</span><span class="zhuanming">蘇魯支</span>，立末尼火祆教，</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">祆，火煙反，<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>神，即外道梵志也。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">敕于京師立<span class="zhuanming">大秦寺</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1305" id="1311">〔三〕</a>按：「敕<span class="zhuanming">波斯</span>經教」，底本作「<span class="zhuanming">波斯</span>敕經教」，據文意及<span class="shuming">西溪叢語</span>改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1306" id="1312">〔四〕</a>母乙，或作「毋乙」。<span class="shuming">舊五代史</span>卷一○<span class="shuming">末帝紀下</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">貞明</span>六年）冬十月，<span class="zhuanming">陳州</span>妖賊<span class="zhuanming">毋乙</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">董乙</span>伏誅。<span class="zhuanming">陳州</span>里俗之人，喜習左道，依浮屠氏之教，自立一宗，號曰『上乘』。不食葷茹，誘化庸民，揉雜淫穢，宵聚晝散。州縣因循，遂致滋蔓。時刺史<span class="zhuanming">惠王</span><span class="zhuanming">友能</span>恃戚籓之寵，動多不法，故奸慝之徒，望風影附。<span class="zhuanming">毋乙</span>數輩，漸及千人，攻掠鄉社，長吏不能詰。是歲秋，其衆益盛，南通<span class="zhuanming">淮</span>夷，朝廷累發州兵討捕，反爲賊所敗。<span class="zhuanming">陳</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">潁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">蔡</span>三州，大被其毒。群賊乃立<span class="zhuanming">毋乙</span>爲天子，其餘豪首，各有樹置。至是，發禁軍及數郡兵合勢追擊，賊潰，生擒<span class="zhuanming">毋乙</span>等首領八十餘人，械送闕下，並斬於都市。」又，<span class="shuming">新五代史</span>卷一三<span class="shuming">梁家人傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">友能</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">滑</span>二州留後，<span class="zhuanming">陳州</span>刺史，所至爲不法，奸人多依倚之。而<span class="zhuanming">陳</span>俗好淫祠左道，其學佛者，自立一法，號曰『上乘』，晝夜伏聚，男女雜亂。妖人<span class="zhuanming">母乙</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">董乙</span>聚衆稱天子，建置官屬，<span class="zhuanming">友能</span>初縱<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00219','1726576',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P219</span></i>之，<span class="zhuanming">乙</span>等攻劫州縣，<span class="zhuanming">末帝</span>發兵擊滅之。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1307" id="1313">〔五〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷五四<span class="shuming">事魔邪黨</span>：「末尼火祆</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">火烟反。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">者，初，<span class="zhuanming">波斯國</span>有<span class="zhuanming">蘇魯支</span>，行火祆教，弟子來化<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">正觀</span>五年，其徒<span class="zhuanming">穆護何禄</span>詣闕進祆教，敕京師建<span class="zhuanming">大秦寺</span>。○<span class="zhuanming">武后</span><span class="zhuanming">延載</span>元年，<span class="zhuanming">波斯國</span><span class="zhuanming">拂多誕</span>持<span class="shuming">二宗經</span>僞教來朝。○<span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span><span class="zhuanming">開元</span>二十年，敕末尼本是邪見，妄稱佛教，既爲西<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>師法，其徒自行，不須科罰。○<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>四年，敕兩京諸郡有<span class="zhuanming">波斯寺</span>者，並改名<span class="zhuanming">大秦</span>。○<span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>三年，敕<span class="zhuanming">回紇</span>及<span class="zhuanming">荆</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">揚</span>等州奉末尼，各建<span class="zhuanming">大雲光明寺</span>。六年，<span class="zhuanming">回紇</span>請<span class="zhuanming">荆</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">揚</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">洪</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">越</span>等州置<span class="zhuanming">摩邪寺</span>，其徒白衣白冠。○<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>三年，敕天下末尼寺並廢，京城女末尼七十二人皆死。在<span class="zhuanming">回紇</span>者，流之諸道。五年，敕<span class="zhuanming">大秦</span>穆護火祆等二千人並勒還俗。○<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">貞明</span>六年，<span class="zhuanming">陳州</span>末尼反，立<span class="zhuanming">母乙</span>爲天子。朝廷發兵禽斬之。其徒以不茹葷飲酒，夜聚婬穢，畫魔王踞坐，佛爲洗足，云『佛止大乘，我乃上上乘』。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1308" id="1314">〔六〕</a>當：底本作「尚」，據<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本改。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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目録
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138038" key="1138038"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 目録 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138039" key="1138039"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-C00001','1726498',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P1</span></i><p style="text-indent:NaNpx;">目録</p><p style="text-indent:28px;">前言<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">一</span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;">參考文獻<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">一○</span></p><p style="text-indent:NaNpx;"></p><p style="text-indent:28px;">僧史略序<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">一</span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;">重開僧史略序<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">三</span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;">大宋僧史略<span class="font12 zhu">并序</span><span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">一</span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;">大宋僧史略卷上<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">一</span></p><p style="text-indent:56px;">佛降生年代<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（二）</span>　僧入震旦<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一二）</span>　經像東傳<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一四）</span>　創造伽藍<span class="font12 zhu">浴佛行像附</span><span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一六）</span>　譯經<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（二六）</span>　譯律<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（二九）</span>　譯論<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（三○）</span>　東夏出家<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（三三）</span>　服章法式<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（三四）</span>　立壇得戒<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（三九）</span>　尼得戒由<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（四一）</span>　受齋懺法<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（四三）</span>　禮儀沿革<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（四五）</span>　注經<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（四八）</span>　僧講<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（四九）</span>　尼講<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（五○）</span>　造疏科經<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（五○）</span>　解律<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（五一）</span>　解論<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（五二）</span>　都講<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（五四）</span>　傳禪觀法<span class="font12 zhu">别立禪居附</span><span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（五六）</span>　此土<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-C00002','1726498',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P2</span></i>僧游西域<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（六○）</span>　傳密藏<span class="font12 zhu">外學附</span><span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（六三）</span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;">大宋僧史略卷中<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">六九</span></p><p style="text-indent:56px;">道俗立制<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（七○）</span>　行香唱導<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（七三）</span>　讚唄之由<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（八三）</span>　僧寺綱紏<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（八九）</span>　立僧正<span class="font12 zhu">尼正附</span><span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（九二）</span>　僧統<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（九七）</span>　沙門都統<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（九九）</span>　左右街僧録<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一○三）</span>　僧主副員<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一○九）</span>　講經論首座<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一一一）</span>　國師<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一一三）</span>　雜任職員<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一一六）</span>　僧主秩俸<span class="font12 zhu">尼附</span><span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一二二）</span>　管屬僧尼<span class="font12 zhu">祠部牒附</span><span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一二五）</span>　僧道班位<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一三四）</span>　内道場<span class="font12 zhu">生日道場附</span><span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一四五）</span>　僧籍弛張<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一五○）</span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;">大宋僧史略卷下<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">一五三</span></p><p style="text-indent:56px;">誕辰談論<span class="font12 zhu">内齋附</span><span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一五四）</span>　賜僧紫衣<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一五八）</span>　賜師號<span class="font12 zhu">德號附</span><span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一六八）</span>　内供奉并引駕<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一七六）</span>　封授官秩<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一七九）</span>　方等戒壇<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一八三）</span>　結社法集<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一八五）</span>　賜夏臘<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一八六）</span>　對王者稱謂<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一八八）</span>　臨壇法位<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（一九八）</span>　度僧規利<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（二○一）</span>　賜謚號<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（二○二）</span>　菩薩僧<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（二○五）</span>　得道證果<span class="font12 zhu">尼附</span><span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（二○九）</span>　大秦末尼<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（二一六）</span>　駕頭牀子<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（二一九）</span>　城闍天王<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（二二三）</span>　上元放燈<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（二二四）</span>　總論<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">（二二八）</span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;">紹興朝旨改正僧道班列文字一集<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">二三四</span></p><p style="text-indent:NaNpx;"></p><p style="text-indent:28px;">附録　釋贊寧相關文獻資料<span style="float:right;text-indent:0px;">二四一</span></p></div></div></div>
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别立禪居
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138041" key="1138041"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 傳禪觀法 &gt; 别立禪居 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138042" key="1138042"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00058','1726531',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P58</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000062"><b>别立禪居</b></p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">達磨</span>之道既行，機鋒相遘者唱和，然其所化之衆，唯<a class="zhuhao" href="#438" id="429">〔一〕</a>隨寺别院而居，且無異制。<span class="zhuanming">道信禪師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#439" id="430">〔二〕</a>住<span class="zhuanming">東林寺</span>，<span class="zhuanming">能禪師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#440" id="431">〔三〕</a>住<span class="zhuanming">廣果寺</span>，<span class="zhuanming">談禪師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#441" id="432">〔四〕</a>住<span class="zhuanming">白馬寺</span>，皆一例律儀，唯參學者或行杜多<a class="zhuhao" href="#442" id="433">〔五〕</a>，糞掃五納衣<a class="zhuhao" href="#443" id="434">〔六〕</a>爲異耳。後有<span class="zhuanming">百丈山</span>禪師<span class="zhuanming">懷海</span>創意經綸<a class="zhuhao" href="#444" id="435">〔七〕</a>，别立通堂，布長連牀，勵其坐禪。坐歇，則帶刀<a class="zhuhao" href="#445" id="436">〔八〕</a>斜卧，高木爲椸架，凡百道具，悉懸其上，所謂龍牙杙上也。有朝參暮請之禮，隨石磬木魚爲節度。可宗者謂之長老，隨從者謂之侍者，主事者謂之寮司，共作者謂之普請。或有過者，主事示以柱杖，焚其衣鉢，謂之誡罰。凡諸新例，厥號叢林，與律不同，自<span class="zhuanming">百丈</span>之始也。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">箋曰：禮樂征伐自天子出，則王道興<a class="zhuhao" href="#446" id="437">〔九〕</a>。爲佛寺僧規，禀<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>制，則正法住矣。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00059','1726531',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P59</span></i>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#429" id="438">〔一〕</a>唯：底本校記：「唯＝只。」<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本亦作「只」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#430" id="439">〔二〕</a>道信：<span class="zhuanming">中土</span>禪宗四祖，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">司馬</span>，<span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷二○有傳。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#431" id="440">〔三〕</a>能禪師：<span class="zhuanming">釋慧能</span>，<span class="zhuanming">中土</span>禪宗六祖，曾住<span class="zhuanming">韶州</span><span class="zhuanming">廣果寺</span>傳法。見<span class="shuming">曹溪大師别傳</span>﹑<span class="shuming">北山録</span>卷六﹑<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷八﹑<span class="shuming">壇經</span>等。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#432" id="441">〔四〕</a>談禪師：俟考。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#433" id="442">〔五〕</a>杜多：即頭陀。<span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷三：「杜多，上音度，<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>語也。古譯云頭陀，或云斗藪，少欲知足，行十二種行：一﹑常乞食，二﹑次第乞，三﹑一坐食，四﹑節食，五﹑中後不飲漿，六﹑住阿蘭若，七﹑常坐不卧，八﹑隨得敷具，九﹑空地坐，十﹑樹下坐，十一﹑唯畜三衣，十二﹑著糞掃衣。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#434" id="443">〔六〕</a>按：糞掃五納衣者，<span class="zhuanming">義浄</span>譯<span class="shuming">根本説一切有部毗奈耶</span>卷一七<span class="shuming">一月衣學處第三</span>云：「有五種衣：一﹑有施主衣，二﹑無施主衣，三﹑往還衣，四﹑死人衣，五﹑糞掃衣。……云何糞掃衣？此有五種。云何爲五？一﹑道路棄衣，二﹑糞掃處衣，三﹑河邊棄衣，四﹑蟻所穿衣，五﹑破碎衣。復有五種：一﹑火燒衣，二﹑水所漬衣，三﹑鼠嚙衣，四﹑牛嚼衣，五﹑嬭母棄衣。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#435" id="444">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一○<span class="shuming">唐新吴百丈山懷海傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋懷海</span>，<span class="zhuanming">閩</span>人也。少離朽宅，長遊頓門，禀自天然，不由激勸。聞<span class="zhuanming">大寂</span>始化<span class="zhuanming">南康</span>，操心依附，虚往實歸，果成宗匠。後檀信請居<span class="zhuanming">新吴</span>界，有<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00060','1726531',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P60</span></i>山峻極，可千尺許，號<span class="zhuanming">百丈</span>歟。<span class="zhuanming">海</span>既居之，禪客無遠不至，堂室隘矣。且曰：『吾行大乘法，豈宜以諸部阿笈摩教爲隨行邪？』或曰：『<span class="shuming">瑜伽論</span>﹑<span class="shuming">瓔珞經</span>是大乘戒律，胡不依隨乎？』<span class="zhuanming">海</span>曰：『吾於大小乘中，博約折中，設規務歸於善焉。』乃創意不循律制，别立禪居。初自<span class="zhuanming">達磨</span>傳法至<span class="zhuanming">六祖</span>已來，得道眼者號長老，同<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>道高臘長者呼須菩提也。然多居律寺中，唯别院異耳。又令不論高下，盡入僧堂。堂中設長連牀，施椸架挂搭道具。卧必斜枕牀脣，謂之帶刀睡，爲其坐禪既久，略偃亞而已。朝參夕聚，飲食隨宜，示節儉也。行普請法，示上下均力也。長老居方丈，同<span class="zhuanming">維摩</span>之一室也。不立佛殿，唯樹法堂，表法超言象也。其諸制度，與毗尼師一倍相翻，天下禪宗，如風偃草。禪門獨行，由<span class="zhuanming">海</span>之始也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#436" id="445">〔八〕</a>刀：<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本作「弓」。<span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：「刀或弓字。」底本校記：「刀＝弓。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#437" id="446">〔九〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">論語</span><span class="shuming">季氏</span>：「天下有道，則禮樂征伐自天子出；天下無道，則禮樂征伐自諸侯出。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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尼
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138045" key="1138045"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 得道證果 &gt; 尼 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138046" key="1138046"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00215','1726575',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P215</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000147"><b>尼</b></p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">晋代</span>有尼<span class="zhuanming">浄撿</span>，此方女人得戒之上首也。一旦中庭有光，上屬于天，若虹霓狀，中有天女相，見欣然攜手，<span class="zhuanming">撿</span>遂引弟子躡光而去<a class="zhuhao" href="#1300" id="1297">〔一〕</a>。又<span class="zhuanming">桓宣武</span>窺尼入浴室，見其刲割可畏，出而無他。蓋以誡<span class="zhuanming">宣武</span>，<span class="zhuanming">温</span>由是滅其跋扈<a class="zhuhao" href="#1301" id="1298">〔二〕</a>。又<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>尼<span class="zhuanming">智仙</span>知<span class="zhuanming">文帝</span>當爲天子，通變不測<a class="zhuhao" href="#1302" id="1299">〔三〕</a>。厥徒實繁，略舉尤者。尼女尚然，況丈夫<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>子者乎！</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1297" id="1300">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">比丘尼傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">晋竹林寺浄撿尼傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">浄撿</span>，本姓<span class="zhuanming">仲</span>，名<span class="zhuanming">令儀</span>，<span class="zhuanming">彭城</span>人也。……到<span class="zhuanming">升平</span>末，忽復聞前香，并見赤氣，有一女人，手把五色花自空而下，<span class="zhuanming">撿</span>見欣然，因語衆曰：『好持後事，我今行矣。』執手辭别，騰空而上。所行之路，有似虹蜺，直屬于天。時年七十矣。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00216','1726575',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P216</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1298" id="1301">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">太平御覽</span>卷三九五引<span class="shuming">幽明録</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">桓温</span>内懷無君之心，時比丘尼從遠來，夏五月，尼在别室浴，<span class="zhuanming">温</span>竊窺之，見尼裸身，先以刀自破腹，出五藏，次斷兩足及斬頭手。有頃浴竟，<span class="zhuanming">温</span>問：『向窺見，尼何得自殘毁如此？』尼云：『公作天子，亦當如是。』<span class="zhuanming">温</span>惆悵不悦。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1299" id="1302">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷二六<span class="shuming">隋京師大興善寺釋道密傳</span>：「有神尼者名曰<span class="zhuanming">智仙</span>，<span class="zhuanming">河東</span><span class="zhuanming">蒲坂</span><span class="zhuanming">劉氏</span>女也。少出家，有戒行，和上失之，恐其墮井，見在佛屋，儼然坐定，時年七歲，遂以禪觀爲業。及帝誕日，無因而至，語<span class="zhuanming">太祖</span>曰：『兒天佛所祐，勿憂也。』尼遂名帝爲<span class="zhuanming">那羅延</span>，言如金剛不可壞也。又曰：『此兒來處異倫，俗家穢雜，自爲養之。』<span class="zhuanming">太祖</span>乃割宅爲寺，内通小門，以兒委尼，不敢名問。後皇妣來抱，忽見化而爲龍，驚遑墮地。尼曰：『何因妄觸我兒？遂令晚得天下。』及年七歲，告帝曰：『兒當大貴，從東國來。佛法當滅，由兒興之。』而尼沈静寡言，時道成敗吉凶，莫不符驗。初在寺養帝，年十三，方始還家。積三十餘歲，略不出門。及<span class="zhuanming">周</span>滅二教，尼隱皇家，内著法衣，戒行不改。帝後果自<span class="zhuanming">山</span>東入爲天子，重興佛法，皆如尼言。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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讚唄之由
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138049" key="1138049"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 讚唄之由 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138050" key="1138050"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00083','1726538',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P83</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000075">讚唄之由</p><p> <span>讚唄原始，案<span class="shuming">十誦律</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">俱胝耳</span></span> <span class="font12 zhu">即<span class="zhuanming">億耳</span>也。</span> <span>作三契聲以讚佛。其人善唄，易了解<a class="zhuhao" href="#581" id="571">〔一〕</a>。<span class="shuming">阿含</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">善和羅作</span>善諷誦，令<span class="zhuanming">影勝大王</span>象馬不行<a class="zhuhao" href="#582" id="572">〔二〕</a>。此土則<span class="zhuanming">康僧會</span>傳泥洹讚唄，<span class="zhuanming">支謙</span>製連句梵唄<a class="zhuhao" href="#583" id="573">〔三〕</a>。又開士<span class="zhuanming">法勝</span>善<span class="shuming">阿毗曇心</span>，别撰二百五偈以爲要解，號曰「心」。其頌聲也，撰象天樂，若靈籥自發，儀刑群品，觸物有寄。一吟一詠，狀鳥步獸行也；一弄一引，類乎物情也。情與類遷，則聲隨九變而成歌；氣與數合，則五音協律而俱作。附之金石，則百獸率舞；奏之管絃，則人神同感。斯乃窮音聲之妙會也<a class="zhuhao" href="#584" id="574">〔四〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">子建</span>嘗游<span class="zhuanming">魚山</span>而感音，翻其曲折，同合沙門之唄𠽋焉<a class="zhuhao" href="#585" id="575">〔五〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">南齊</span><span class="zhuanming">竟陵王</span><span class="zhuanming">子良</span>將經中偈契消息調音，曲盡其妙，著<span class="shuming">讚梵唄偈文</span>一卷<a class="zhuhao" href="#586" id="576">〔六〕</a>。又<span class="zhuanming">帛法橋</span>者，尤善梵唄<a class="zhuhao" href="#587" id="577">〔七〕</a>。<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>中，其人頗多，此不具録<a class="zhuhao" href="#588" id="578">〔八〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">後趙</span><span class="zhuanming">石勒</span><span class="zhuanming">建平</span>年中，有神降于<span class="zhuanming">安邑</span>廳事，諷詠經音，七日方絶，僧有摹寫爲梵唄焉<a class="zhuhao" href="#589" id="579">〔九〕</a>。或曰：梵唄之聲，此何益也？通曰：一者佛道法樂也，此音韻雖哀不傷，雖樂不淫，折中中和，故爲法樂也；二者諸天鬼神，聞皆歡喜故；三者諸佛常法，十方刹土，何莫由斯樂也<a class="zhuhao" href="#590" id="580">〔一○〕</a>。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00084','1726538',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P84</span></i>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#571" id="581">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">十誦律</span>卷二五：「中夜過至後夜，佛語<span class="zhuanming">億耳</span>：『汝比丘唄。』<span class="zhuanming">億耳</span>發細聲，誦<span class="shuming">波羅延薩遮陀舍修妒路</span>竟，佛讚言：『善哉！比丘，汝善讚法。汝能以<span class="zhuanming">阿槃地</span>語聲讚誦，了了清浄，盡易解。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#572" id="582">〔二〕</a>影勝大王：又稱<span class="zhuanming">影堅王</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">顔貌端正王</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">形牢王</span>等，音譯<span class="zhuanming">頻婆娑羅王</span>，是佛陀時代<span class="zhuanming">摩竭陀國</span>國王。和<span class="zhuanming">憍薩羅國</span><span class="zhuanming">波斯匿王</span>都是佛教最初的護持者，故<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>或將此兩人誤混。<span class="zhuanming">北魏</span><span class="zhuanming">慧覺</span>等譯<span class="shuming">賢愚經</span>卷一一<span class="shuming">無惱指鬘品</span>：「時<span class="zhuanming">波斯匿王</span>大合兵衆，躬欲往討<span class="zhuanming">鴦仇摩羅</span>，路由<span class="zhuanming">祇洹</span>，當往攻擊。時<span class="zhuanming">祇洹</span>中，有一比丘，形極痤陋，音聲異妙，振聲高唄，音極和暢。軍衆傾耳，無有厭足。象馬豎耳，住不肯行。王怪，顧問御者：『何以乃爾？』御者答言：『由聞唄聲，是使象馬停足立聽。』王言：『畜生尚樂聞法，我曹人類，何不往聽？』即與群衆，暫還<span class="zhuanming">祇洹</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#573" id="583">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">康僧會傳</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">支謙</span>）又依<span class="shuming">無量壽</span>﹑<span class="shuming">中本起</span>，製菩提連句梵唄三契，并注<span class="shuming">了本生死經</span>等，皆行於世。……（<span class="zhuanming">康僧會</span>）又傳泥洹唄聲，清靡哀亮，一代模式。」二人事迹又參卷上「僧入震旦」條注五，「譯經」條注七，「注經」條注一。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#574" id="584">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一○<span class="zhuanming">釋慧遠</span>撰<span class="shuming">阿毗曇心序</span>：「<span class="shuming">阿毗曇心</span>者，三藏之要頌，詠歌之微言。管統衆經，領其宗會，故作者以『心』爲名焉。有出家開士，字曰<span class="zhuanming">法勝</span>，淵識遠覽，極深研機。龍<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00085','1726538',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P85</span></i>潛赤澤，獨有其明。其人以爲<span class="shuming">阿毗曇經</span>源流廣大，難卒尋究。非贍智宏才，莫能畢綜，是以探其幽致，别撰斯部。始自<span class="shuming">界品</span>，訖于<span class="shuming">問論</span>，凡二百五十偈，以爲要解，號之曰『心』。其頌聲也，擬象天樂，若雲籥自發。儀形群品，觸物有寄。若乃一吟一詠，狀鳥步獸行也；一弄一引，類乎物情也。情與類遷，則聲隨九變而成歌；氣與數合，則音協律吕而俱作。拊之金石，則百獸率舞；奏之管絃，則人神同感。斯乃窮音聲之妙會，極自然之衆趣，不可勝言者矣。又其爲經，標偈以立本，述本以廣義。先弘内以明外，譬由根而尋條，可謂美發於中，暢於四枝者也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#575" id="585">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">法苑珠林</span>卷三六<span class="shuming">唄讚篇第三四</span><span class="shuming">讚歎部</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">陳思王</span><span class="zhuanming">曹植</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">子建</span>，<span class="zhuanming">魏武帝</span>第四子也。幼含珪璋，十歲屬文，下筆便成，初不改字。世間術藝，無不畢善。<span class="zhuanming">邯鄲淳</span>見而駭服，稱爲天人。<span class="zhuanming">植</span>每讀佛經，輒流連嗟翫，以爲至道之宗極也。遂製轉讚七聲昇降曲折之響，世人諷誦，咸憲章焉。嘗遊<span class="zhuanming">魚山</span>，忽聞空中梵天之響，清雅哀婉，其聲動心。獨聽良久，而侍御皆聞。<span class="zhuanming">植</span>深感神理，彌寤法應，乃摹其聲節，寫爲梵唄，纂文製音，傳爲後式。梵聲顯世，始於此焉。其所傳唄，凡有六契。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#576" id="586">〔六〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一二著録有<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>太宰<span class="zhuanming">竟陵文宣王</span><span class="shuming">讚梵唄偈文</span>一卷。已佚。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#577" id="587">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一三<span class="shuming">帛法橋傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">帛法橋</span>，<span class="zhuanming">中山</span>人。少樂轉讀而乏聲，每以不暢爲慨。於是絶粒懺悔，七日七夕，稽首<span class="zhuanming">觀音</span>，以祈現報。同學苦諫，誓而不改。至第七日，覺喉内豁然，即索<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00086','1726538',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P86</span></i>水洗漱，云：『吾有應矣。』於是作三契經，聲徹里許，遠近驚嗟，悉來觀聽。爾後誦經數十萬言，晝夜諷詠，哀婉通神。至年九十，聲猶不變。以<span class="zhuanming">晋穆帝</span><span class="zhuanming">永和</span>中，卒於<span class="zhuanming">河北</span>，即<span class="zhuanming">石虎</span>末也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#578" id="588">〔八〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一三正傳中經師有十一人，附見二十三人。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#579" id="589">〔九〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一三<span class="shuming">經師</span><span class="shuming">論</span>曰：「至<span class="zhuanming">石勒</span><span class="zhuanming">建平</span>中，有天神降于<span class="zhuanming">安邑</span>廳事，諷詠經音，七日乃絶。時有傳者，並皆訛廢。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#580" id="590">〔一○〕</a><span class="shuming">長阿含經</span>卷五<span class="shuming">闍尼沙經第四</span>：「其有音聲，五種清浄，乃名梵聲。何等五？一者其音正直，二者其音和雅，三者其音清徹，四者其音深滿，五者周遍遠聞。具此五者，乃名梵音。」又，<span class="shuming">十誦律</span>卷三七：「有比丘名<span class="zhuanming">跋提</span>，於唄中第一。是比丘聲好，白佛言：『世尊，願聽我作聲唄。』佛言：『聽汝作聲唄，唄有五利益：身體不疲，不忘所憶，心不疲勞，聲音不壞，語言易解。復有五利：身不疲極，不忘所憶，心不懈惓，聲音不壞，諸天聞唄聲心則歡喜。』」<span class="shuming">南海寄歸内法傳</span>卷四<span class="shuming">讚詠之禮</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">五天</span>之地，初出家者，亦既誦得五戒十戒，即須先教誦斯二讚。無問大乘小乘，咸同遵此。有六意焉：一﹑能知佛德之深遠，二﹑體制文之次第，三﹑令舌根清浄，四﹑得胸藏開通，五則處衆不惶，六乃長命無病。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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行香唱導
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138053" key="1138053"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 行香唱導 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138054" key="1138054"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00073','1726537',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P73</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000073">行香唱導</p><p> <span>香也者，解穢流芬，令人樂聞也。原其<span class="zhuanming">周</span>人尚臭<a class="zhuhao" href="#547" id="523">〔一〕</a>，冥合<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>重香。佛出<span class="zhuanming">姬朝</span>，遠同符契矣。經中長者請佛，宿夜登樓，手秉香罏，以達信心。明日食時，佛即來至<a class="zhuhao" href="#548" id="524">〔二〕</a>。故知香爲信心之使也。<span class="shuming">大遺教經</span>曰：比丘欲食，先燒香唄讚之<a class="zhuhao" href="#549" id="525">〔三〕</a>。又經中蛇呼比丘自説宿<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00074','1726537',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P74</span></i>緣，令爲懺悔，并將仙提來取我行香<a class="zhuhao" href="#550" id="526">〔四〕</a>。此方教法既行，經律散漫，故<span class="zhuanming">安法師</span>三例中，第一是行香定座上講，斯乃<span class="zhuanming">中夏</span>行香之始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#551" id="527">〔五〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>及<span class="zhuanming">江表</span>皆重散香<a class="zhuhao" href="#552" id="528">〔六〕</a>，且無沿革。至<span class="zhuanming">唐高宗</span>朝，<span class="zhuanming">薛元超</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#553" id="529">〔七〕</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">李義府</span>奉敕爲太子齋行香，因禮<span class="zhuanming">奘三藏</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#554" id="530">〔八〕</a>。又<span class="zhuanming">中宗</span>設無遮齋，詔五品以上行香<a class="zhuhao" href="#555" id="531">〔九〕</a>。或用然香薰手，或將香粖遍行，謂之行香。後<span class="zhuanming">不空三藏</span>奏爲<span class="zhuanming">高祖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>七聖忌辰設齋行香，敕旨宜依<a class="zhuhao" href="#556" id="532">〔一○〕</a>，尋因多故，不齋，但行香而已。<span class="zhuanming">文宗</span>朝，中書<span class="zhuanming">崔蠡</span>上疏云：「國忌設齋，百官行香，事無經據，伏請停廢。」敕曰：「<span class="zhuanming">崔蠡</span>所奏，遂遣討尋本末，禮文令式，曾不該明。其兩京天下州府，國忌於寺觀行香，今後並宜停罷。」<a class="zhuhao" href="#557" id="533">〔一一〕</a>嘗試論之：<span class="zhuanming">崔蠡</span>言無經據者，蛇之行香，豈無經也？<span class="zhuanming">安公</span>引教設儀，豈無據也？敕云「討尋本末，禮文令式，曾不該明」者，三代之禮，何嘗言飯<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>子而行香耶？且令式唯是歷代沿革之法律，如<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>後之條格，豈標在<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>末<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>初之令式乎？矧以禮出儒家，詎可將<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>書爲據？事因<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，無宜用儒典爲憑。就體證之，方云合理。儒流不許，還引儒書，何異獄訟之人召親黨而作證！若欲除廢，其無辭乎！夫孝子事祖考，唯善是從，徇葬不益於生生，固宜寢也。行香是薦於冥漠，知無不爲。觀<span class="zhuanming">文宗</span>薄於祖宗，宜其寄坐矣。或曰：何必行香爲？通曰：如<span class="zhuanming">周</span>之尚臭，燔柴血膋<a class="zhuhao" href="#558" id="534">〔一二〕</a>薌蕭，言天歆其臭也。天豈食血膋薌蕭之氣邪？由人尚其臭，故以臭而事天也。若然者，佛教重香，寧可奪乎？況百官行香，代君也。百官事<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00075','1726537',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P75</span></i>祖宗，亦臣子也。苟欲廢之，如忠孝何？<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>即位，再興斯道。<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>五年，敕京城及外州府，國忌行香，並須清潔，不得攜酒肉入寺烹炮，既失嚴恪之心，頗乖追薦之道云<a class="zhuhao" href="#559" id="535">〔一三〕</a>。自此至于<span class="zhuanming">哀帝</span>，行香如舊。<span class="zhuanming">朱梁</span>廢<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>，七廟方止。<span class="zhuanming">開平</span>三年大明節，百官入寺，行香祝壽<a class="zhuhao" href="#560" id="536">〔一四〕</a>。後還薦祖宗行香，于今不絶。<span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">天福</span>五年，<span class="zhuanming">竇貞固</span>奏：國忌宰臣跪爐，百官列座。今欲宰臣跪爐，百官立班。行香後飯僧百人，永爲常式<a class="zhuhao" href="#561" id="537">〔一五〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">宋太宗</span><span class="zhuanming">淳化</span>三年，虞部員外郎<span class="zhuanming">李宗訥</span>奏：國忌行香，請宰臣已下行香後<a class="zhuhao" href="#562" id="538">〔一六〕</a>禁酒食，表其精潔。敕下，御史臺依行<a class="zhuhao" href="#563" id="539">〔一七〕</a>。</span> </p><p> <span>唱導者，始則<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>上座凡赴請，咒願曰「二足常安，四足亦安，一切時中皆吉祥」等，以悦可檀越之心也。<span class="zhuanming">舍利弗</span>多辯才，曾作上座，讚導頗佳，白衣大歡喜，此爲表白之椎輪也。<span class="shuming">梁高僧傳</span>論云：「夫唱導所貴，其事四焉：一﹑聲也，二﹑辯也，三﹑才也，四﹑博也。非聲則無以警衆，非辯則無以適時，非才則言無可采，非博則語無依據。」<a class="zhuhao" href="#564" id="540">〔一八〕</a>此其大體也。據<span class="shuming">寄歸傳</span>中云：焚香胡跪，歎佛相好<a class="zhuhao" href="#565" id="541">〔一九〕</a>。合是導師胡跪爾。或直聲告，或詰曲聲也。又<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>凡覲國王，必有讚德之儀<a class="zhuhao" href="#566" id="542">〔二○〕</a>，法流<span class="zhuanming">東夏</span>，其任尤重。如見大官謁王者，須一明練者通暄涼，序情意，讚風化，此亦唱導之事也。<span class="zhuanming">齊</span><span class="zhuanming">竟陵王</span>有導文<a class="zhuhao" href="#567" id="543">〔二一〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">僧祐</span>著<span class="shuming">齊主讚歎緣記</span>及諸色咒願文<a class="zhuhao" href="#568" id="544">〔二二〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">陳</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>世高僧<span class="zhuanming">真觀</span>深善斯道，有導<a class="zhuhao" href="#569" id="545">〔二三〕</a>文集焉<a class="zhuhao" href="#570" id="546">〔二四〕</a>。從<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>至今，此法盛行于代也。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00076','1726537',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P76</span></i>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#523" id="547">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">禮記</span><span class="shuming">郊特牲</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">周</span>人尚臭。灌用鬯臭，鬱合鬯，臭陰達於淵泉。灌以圭璋，用玉氣也。既灌，然後迎牲，致陰氣也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#524" id="548">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">賢愚經</span>卷六<span class="shuming">富那奇緣品</span>：「時<span class="zhuanming">富那奇</span>教化其兄，令爲世尊立一小堂，覆堂村木純以栴檀。其堂已成，教化其兄請佛。<span class="zhuanming">羡那</span>答曰：『請佛之宜，以何等物能屈世尊？』時<span class="zhuanming">富那奇</span>俱與其兄辦足供養，各持香爐，共登高樓，遥向<span class="zhuanming">祇洹</span>，燒香歸命佛及聖僧：『唯願明日，臨顧鄙國，開悟愚朦盲冥衆生。』作願已訖，香煙如意，乘虚往至世尊頂上，相結合聚作一煙蓋。後遥以水，洗世尊足，水亦從虚，猶如釵股，如意徑到世尊足上。爾時<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>覩見是事，怪而問佛：『誰放煙水？』佛告<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>：『是<span class="zhuanming">富那奇</span>羅漢比丘，於<span class="zhuanming">放鉢國</span>勸兄<span class="zhuanming">羡那</span>請佛及僧，故放煙水，以爲信請。』因敕<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>：『往至僧中，行籌告語神足比丘，明日悉來，往應<span class="zhuanming">羡那</span>請，因現變化，以遊彼國。』<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>奉命，合僧行籌，有神足者，明當受請。時諸比丘，各各受籌。明日晨旦，僧作食人，名<span class="zhuanming">奇虔直奇</span>，</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">此言<span class="zhuanming">續生</span>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">其人已得阿那含道，恒日供給一切衆僧，結跏趺坐，身放光明，四出照曜，引作食具，瓢杓健支﹑百斛大釜而隨其後，乘虚飛行，趣向其國。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#525" id="549">〔三〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">大遺教經</span>，即<span class="shuming">佛垂般涅槃略説教誡經</span>，亦名<span class="shuming">佛遺教經</span>，<span class="zhuanming">後秦</span><span class="zhuanming">龜兹國</span>三藏<span class="zhuanming">鳩摩羅什</span>譯，一卷，未見此説。<span class="shuming">法苑珠林</span>卷四二<span class="shuming">受請篇</span><span class="shuming">食法部第六</span>：「如<span class="shuming">大遺教經</span>云：『比丘欲食時，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00077','1726537',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P77</span></i>當爲檀越燒香三唄，讚揚布施，可食美食。』」<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一二著録有<span class="shuming">比丘欲食當先燒香唄讚緣記</span>，注曰「出<span class="shuming">大遺教經</span>」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#526" id="550">〔四〕</a>仙提：或作「阿輸提」﹑「阿先提」，意譯「草籠」。<span class="shuming">賢愚經</span>卷三<span class="shuming">七瓶金施品</span>：「佛告<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>：過去久遠無數無量不可思議阿僧祇劫，此<span class="zhuanming">閻浮提</span>有一大國，名<span class="zhuanming">波羅奈</span>。時有一人，好修家業，意偏愛金，勤力積聚，作役其身，四方治生，所得錢財，盡用買金。因得一瓶，於其舍内，掘地藏之。如是種種，懃身苦體，經積年歲，終不衣食，聚之不休，乃得七瓶，悉取埋之。其人後時遇疾命終，由其愛金，轉身作一毒蛇之身，還其舍内，守此金瓶。經積年歲，其舍摩滅，無人住止。蛇守金瓶，壽命年歲，已復向盡。捨其身已，愛心不息，復受本形，自以其身，纏諸金瓶。如是展轉，經數萬歲。最後受身，厭心復生。自計由來，爲是金故，而受惡形，無有休已，今當用施快福田中，使我世世蒙其福報。思惟計定，往至道邊，竄身草中，匿身而看，設有人來，我當語之。爾時毒蛇見有一人順道而過，蛇便呼之。人聞唤聲，左右顧望，不見有人，但聞其聲，復道而行。蛇復現形，唤言：『咄！人可來近我。』人答蛇言：『汝身毒惡，唤我用爲？我若近汝，儻爲傷害。』蛇答人言：『我苟懷惡，設汝不來，亦能作害。』其人恐懼，往至其所。蛇語人言：『吾今此處，有一瓶金。欲用相託，供養作福。能爲之不？若不爲者，我當害汝。』其人答蛇：『我能爲之。』時蛇將人共至金所，出金與之。又告之曰：『卿持此金，供養衆僧。設食之日，好念持一阿輸提來，取我舁<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00078','1726537',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P78</span></i>去。』其人擔金至僧伽藍，付僧維那。具以上事，向僧説之，云其毒蛇，欲設供養。剋作食日，僧受其金，爲設美膳。作食日至，其人持一小阿輸提，往至蛇所。蛇見其人，心懷歡喜，慰喻問訊，即盤其身，上阿輸提。於是其人以疊覆上，擔向佛圖。道逢一人，問擔蛇人：『汝從何來，體履佳不？』其人默然不答。彼問再三，問之不出一言。所持毒蛇，即便瞋恚，含毒熾盛，欲殺其人。還自遏折，復自思念：『云何此人，不知時宜。他以好意，問訊進止，鄭重三問，無一言答，何可疾耶？』作是念已，毒心復興，隆猛内發，復欲害之。臨當吐毒，復自思惟：『此人爲我作福，未有恩報。』如是再三，還自奄伏：『此人於我，已有大恩。雖復作罪，事宜忍之。』前到空處，蛇語其人：『下我著地。』窮責極切，囑戒以法。其人於是便自悔責，生謙下心，垂矜一切。蛇重囑及：『莫更爾耶。』其人擔蛇至僧伽藍，著衆僧前。於時衆僧食時已到，作行而立。蛇令彼人次第賦香，自以信心視受香者。如是盡底，熟看不移。衆僧引行，遶塔周匝。其人捉水，洗衆僧手。蛇懷敬意，觀洗手人，無有厭心。衆僧食訖，重爲其蛇廣爲説法。蛇倍歡喜，更增施心，將僧維那到本金所，殘金六瓶，盡用施僧。作福已訖，便取命終。由其福德，生忉利天。佛告<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>：欲知爾時擔蛇人者，豈異人乎？則我身是。時毒蛇者，今<span class="zhuanming">舍利弗</span>是。我乃往日擔蛇之時，爲蛇見責，慚愧立誓，生謙下心，等視一切，未曾中退，乃至今日。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#527" id="551">〔五〕</a>參卷上「受齋懺法」條注三。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00079','1726537',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P79</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#528" id="552">〔六〕</a>散香：散碎不成丸粒的粉末香。<span class="zhuanming">玄應</span><span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷二：「散香，蘇誕反，<span class="shuming">説文</span>：『散，雜也。』謂散雜碎香者也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#529" id="553">〔七〕</a>超：諸本誤爲「起」，據意改。參下注。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#530" id="554">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">大慈恩寺三藏法師傳</span>卷八：「<span class="zhuanming">顯慶</span>元年春正月景寅，皇太子<span class="zhuanming">忠</span>自以非嫡，不敢久處元良，乃慕<span class="zhuanming">太伯</span>之規，陳表累讓。大帝從之，封<span class="zhuanming">忠</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">梁王</span>，賜物一萬段﹑甲第一區。即以其月册<span class="zhuanming">代王</span><span class="zhuanming">弘</span>爲皇太子。戊子，就<span class="zhuanming">大慈恩寺</span>爲皇太子設五千僧齋，人施布帛三段，敕遣朝臣行香。時黄門侍郎<span class="zhuanming">薛元超</span>﹑中書侍郎<span class="zhuanming">李義府</span>因參法師，遂問曰：『翻經固法門之美，未審更有何事可以光揚？又不知古來翻譯儀式如何？』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#531" id="555">〔九〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷七<span class="shuming">中宗紀</span>：「壬戌，<span class="zhuanming">安福門</span>外設無遮齋，三品已上行香。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#532" id="556">〔一○〕</a><span class="shuming">代宗朝贈司空大辨正廣智三藏和上表制集</span>卷二<span class="shuming">請太原號令堂安像浄土院抽僧制書</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">太原府</span><span class="zhuanming">大唐興國太崇福寺</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">高祖</span><span class="zhuanming">神堯皇帝</span>起義處<span class="zhuanming">號令堂</span>，請安置<span class="zhuanming">普賢菩薩</span>像一鋪。浄土院灌頂道場處，請簡擇二七僧奉爲國長誦<span class="shuming">佛頂尊勝陀羅尼</span>。右特進試鴻臚卿三藏沙門<span class="zhuanming">大廣智</span><span class="zhuanming">不空</span>奏。先奉恩命往<span class="zhuanming">五臺山</span>修功德，至<span class="zhuanming">太原</span>巡禮上件寺，因得瞻覩<span class="zhuanming">高祖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>起義聖迹並在此寺，實爲國家皇業所興之源，固不合同諸寺例，伏乞天慈，蠲免一切差科及地税。便迴充。<span class="zhuanming">高祖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>七聖忌日設齋行香，及修<span class="zhuanming">號令堂</span>，安置<span class="zhuanming">普賢菩薩</span>。仍於三長齋月每月十齋日，令合寺僧奉爲<span class="zhuanming">高祖</span>至<span class="zhuanming">肅宗</span>七聖轉<span class="shuming">仁王護國般若經</span>，庶得無疆之福，永資七聖。無<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00080','1726537',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P80</span></i>盡法音，上符皇壽。其念誦僧，伏乞精加簡擇，具名録奏。先停俗客，望即發遣。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#533" id="557">〔一一〕</a>崔蠡：字<span class="zhuanming">越卿</span>，<span class="zhuanming">衛州</span>人。<span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一一七：（<span class="zhuanming">開成</span>）「四年，拜禮部侍郎，轉户部。上疏論國忌日設僧齋，百官行香，事無經據。詔曰：『朕以郊廟之禮，嚴奉祖宗，備物盡誠，庶幾昭格。恭惟忌日之感，所謂終身之憂。而近代以來，歸依<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">老</span>，徵二教以設食，會百辟以行香。將以有助聖靈，冥資福祚。有異皇王之術，頗乖教義之宗。昨得<span class="zhuanming">崔蠡</span>奏論，遂遣討尋本末，禮文令式，曾不該明，習俗因循，雅當整革。其兩京﹑天下州府，以國忌日爲寺觀設齋焚香，從今已後，並宜停罷。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#534" id="558">〔一二〕</a><span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：「膋，音聊，脂膏也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#535" id="559">〔一三〕</a>見<span class="shuming">唐會要</span>卷二三。又，<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二：「（<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>）五年，敕天下州郡國忌行香，不得攜酒肉入寺。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#536" id="560">〔一四〕</a><span class="shuming">舊五代史</span>卷五<span class="shuming">太祖紀五</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">開平</span>三年）十月癸未，大明節，帝御<span class="zhuanming">文明殿</span>，設齋僧道，召宰臣﹑翰林學士預之，諸道節度﹑刺史及内外諸司使咸有進獻。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#537" id="561">〔一五〕</a><span class="shuming">舊五代史</span>卷七九<span class="shuming">高祖紀</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">天福</span>五年二月）乙巳，御史中丞<span class="zhuanming">竇貞固</span>奏：『國忌日，宰臣跪爐焚香，文武百僚列坐。竊惟禮例，有所未安。今欲請宰臣仍舊跪爐，百僚依班序立。』詔可之，仍令行香之後飯僧百人，永爲定制。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#538" id="562">〔一六〕</a>後：疑當作「復」，參下注引文。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00081','1726537',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P81</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#539" id="563">〔一七〕</a>李宗訥：字<span class="zhuanming">大辨</span>，<span class="zhuanming">深州</span><span class="zhuanming">饒陽</span>人，<span class="zhuanming">李昉</span>之子。<span class="shuming">宋史</span><span class="shuming">列傳第二四</span>有傳。按：<span class="shuming">雲麓漫鈔</span>卷三亦曰：「國忌行香，起于<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>，及<span class="zhuanming">江左</span><span class="zhuanming">齊</span><span class="zhuanming">梁</span>間，每然香熏手，或以香末散行，謂之行香。<span class="shuming">遺教經</span>云：『比丘欲食，先燒香唄讚之。』<span class="zhuanming">安法師</span>行香定坐而講，所以解穢流芬也，斯乃<span class="zhuanming">中夏</span>行香之始。<span class="zhuanming">唐高宗</span>時，<span class="zhuanming">薛元超</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">李義府</span>爲太子設齋行香，<span class="zhuanming">中宗</span>設無遮齋，詔五品以上行香，<span class="zhuanming">不空三藏</span>奏，爲<span class="zhuanming">神堯</span>而下七聖忌辰設齋行香，至<span class="zhuanming">文宗</span>朝，宰臣<span class="zhuanming">崔蠡</span>奏：『國忌設齋行香，事無經據。』遂罷之。<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>再興<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>教，詔京城及外道州府國忌行香，並須精潔，以伸追薦之道。<span class="zhuanming">朱梁</span><span class="zhuanming">開平</span>三年大明節，百官始行香祝壽。<span class="zhuanming">石晋</span><span class="zhuanming">天福</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">竇正固</span>奏：『國忌行香，宰臣跪爐，百官列坐，有失嚴敬。』今後宰臣跪爐，百官立班，仍飯僧百人，永爲定式。至本朝<span class="zhuanming">淳化</span>中，虞部員外郎<span class="zhuanming">李宗訥</span>請：『國忌，宰臣以下行香，復禁食酒肉，以表精虔。』從之。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#540" id="564">〔一八〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一三<span class="shuming">唱導</span><span class="shuming">論</span>曰：「夫唱導所貴，其事四焉：謂聲﹑辯﹑才﹑博。非聲則無以警衆，非辯則無以適時，非才則言無可採，非博則語無依據。至若響韻鐘鼓，則四衆驚心，聲之爲用也；辭吐後發，適會無差，辯之爲用也；綺製彫華，文藻横逸，才之爲用也；商搉經論，採撮書史，博之爲用也。若能善兹四事，而適以人時，如爲出家五衆，則須切語無常，苦陳懺悔；若爲君王長者，則須兼引俗典，綺綜成辭；若爲悠悠凡庶，則須指事造形，直談聞見；若爲山民野處，則須近局言辭，陳斥罪目。凡此變態，與事而興，可謂知時知衆，又能善説。雖然，故以懇切感人，傾誠動物，此其上也。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00082','1726537',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P82</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#541" id="565">〔一九〕</a>按：此説當據<span class="shuming">南海寄歸内法傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">受齋軌則</span>﹑卷四<span class="shuming">讚咏之禮</span>等概言之，非引<span class="shuming">寄歸傳</span>之原文也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#542" id="566">〔二○〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷二<span class="shuming">鳩摩羅什傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">什</span>每爲<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>論西方辭體，商略同異云：『<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>國俗，甚重文製。其宫商體韻，以入絃爲善。凡覲國王，必有讚德。見佛之儀，以歌歎爲貴。經中偈頌，皆其式也。但改<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>，失其藻蔚，雖得大意，殊隔文體。有似嚼飯與人，非徒失味，乃令嘔噦也。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#543" id="567">〔二一〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">竟陵文宣王</span><span class="zhuanming">蕭子良</span>常招致名僧講經説法，且於<span class="zhuanming">永明</span>七年集善聲沙門，造經唄新聲，「開筵廣第，盛集英髦，躬處元座，談叙宗致」。平生所著弘法文字，<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>時集爲十六帙，一百十六卷，<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>﹑<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>等多有著録，<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一二<span class="shuming">齊太宰竟陵文宣王法集録序</span>：「爾其衆經注義，法塔讚頌，<span class="shuming">僧制</span><span class="shuming">藥記</span>之流，導文願疏之屬。莫不誠在言前，理出辭表，大者鉤深測幽，小者馳辯感俗，森成條章，鬱爲卷帙。可謂開士住心，道場初迹，冠一代之妙化，垂千祀之勝範者也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#544" id="568">〔二二〕</a><span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一二著録<span class="shuming">齊主讚歎緣記</span>，注曰「出<span class="shuming">十誦律</span>」，著録有<span class="shuming">爲亡人設福咒願文</span>﹑<span class="shuming">生子設福咒願文</span>﹑<span class="shuming">作新舍咒願文</span>﹑<span class="shuming">遠行設福咒願文</span>﹑<span class="shuming">取婦設福咒願文</span>，注曰「出<span class="shuming">僧祇律</span>」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#545" id="569">〔二三〕</a>導：底本作「道」，從校記及<span class="zhuanming">淺野</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#546" id="570">〔二四〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷三○<span class="shuming">隋杭州靈隱山天竺寺釋真觀傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋真觀</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">聖達</span>，<span class="zhuanming">吴郡</span><span class="zhuanming">錢唐</span>人，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">范<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00083','1726537',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P83</span></i>氏</span>。……沙門<span class="zhuanming">洪偃</span>，才邁儒英，鉤深<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>傑，面相謂曰：權高多智，耳目有名。我有四絶，爾具八能。謂義﹑導﹑書﹑詩﹑辯﹑貌﹑聲﹑棋是也。」「著諸導文二十餘卷，詩賦碑集三十餘卷。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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道俗立制
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138057" key="1138057"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 道俗立制 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138058" key="1138058"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00070','1726536',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P70</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000071">道俗立制</p><p> <span>佛法流行，隨時制斷。合毗尼之繩糾，則案毗尼；堪别法之處量，須循别法。故佛訶比丘云：巧避我制，造種種過。故許同時立方毗尼。涅槃後立未來教，以爲律範所不圍，篇科所不載，則比附而求之也。以是篇聚之外，别有僧制焉。今時比丘或住一林﹑居一院，皆和衆立條，約束行止，俾不罹於愆失也。<span class="zhuanming">晋</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#510" id="497">〔一〕</a><span class="zhuanming">道安法師</span>傷戒律之未全，痛威儀之多缺，故彌縫其闕，埭堰其流，立三例以命章，使一時而生信：一﹑行香定座上講，二﹑六時禮懺，三﹑布薩等法。過踰此法者，則别立遮防<a class="zhuhao" href="#511" id="498">〔二〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">安</span>弟子<span class="zhuanming">法遇</span>講化於<span class="zhuanming">荆州</span>，時有學徒飲酒，<span class="zhuanming">遇</span>罰而不遣。<span class="zhuanming">安</span>在<span class="zhuanming">襄陽</span>聞之，封小箠以寄<span class="zhuanming">遇</span>。<span class="zhuanming">遇</span>詳師意，集衆諭之，令直日打<span class="zhuanming">遇</span>二十撲，封箠却還<a class="zhuhao" href="#512" id="499">〔三〕</a>。故<span class="zhuanming">習鑿齒</span>與<span class="zhuanming">謝安</span>書云：<span class="zhuanming">安</span>能肅衆<a class="zhuhao" href="#513" id="500">〔四〕</a>。上之三例，天下翕然奉行也。又<span class="zhuanming">支遁</span>立<span class="shuming">衆僧集儀度</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#514" id="501">〔五〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">慧遠</span>立<span class="shuming">法社節度</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#515" id="502">〔六〕</a>，至于<span class="zhuanming">宣律師</span>立<span class="shuming">鳴鐘軌度</span>﹑<span class="shuming">分五衆物儀</span>﹑<span class="shuming">章服儀</span>﹑<span class="shuming">歸敬儀</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#516" id="503">〔七〕</a>，此並附時傍教，相次而出。鑿空開荒，則<span class="zhuanming">道安</span>爲僧制之始也。<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span><span class="zhuanming">世宗</span><span class="zhuanming">宣武帝</span>即位，下詔曰：「緇素既分，法律亦異。道教彰於互顯，禁勸各有所宜。其僧犯殺人以上罪，依俗格斷，餘犯悉付昭玄，以内律僧制判之。」<a class="zhuhao" href="#517" id="504">〔八〕</a></span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">景明</span>年中，帝新<a class="zhuhao" href="#518" id="505">〔九〕</a>撰之。</span> <span>時<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>與<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>通和，要貴多遣人隨使交易，唯<span class="zhuanming">崔暹</span></span> <span class="font12 zhu">字<span class="zhuanming">季倫</span>。</span> <span>寄求佛經，<span class="zhuanming">梁祖</span>繕寫，并幡花讚唄送至館。<span class="zhuanming">暹</span>嘗<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00071','1726536',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P71</span></i>命沙門<span class="zhuanming">明藏</span>著<span class="shuming">佛論</span>而己署名，其好佛法爲若此也<a class="zhuhao" href="#519" id="506">〔一○〕</a>。先是僧尼猥濫，<span class="zhuanming">暹</span>奏設科條篇，沙門<span class="zhuanming">法上</span>爲昭玄都以撿約之<a class="zhuhao" href="#520" id="507">〔一一〕</a>。又<span class="zhuanming">南齊</span><span class="zhuanming">文宣王</span>著<span class="shuming">僧制</span>一卷<a class="zhuhao" href="#521" id="508">〔一二〕</a>。又<span class="zhuanming">梁祖</span>造<span class="zhuanming">光宅寺</span>，詔<span class="zhuanming">法雲</span>爲寺主，創立<span class="shuming">僧制</span>，用爲後範<a class="zhuhao" href="#522" id="509">〔一三〕</a>。觀其<span class="zhuanming">北魏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">南朝</span>俗施僧制，而皆婉約，且不淫傷，由輕法之網羅，有惡人之穿穴，脱漏而墮，不至誅刑之上，其可得乎？爲僧者苟未修行，但能避刑憲，亦逍遥之上士也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#497" id="510">〔一〕</a>晋：<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本作「昔」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#498" id="511">〔二〕</a>參卷上「受齋懺法」條注三。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#499" id="512">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷五<span class="shuming">釋法遇傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋法遇</span>，不知何許人。弱年好學，篤志墳素，而任性誇誕，謂傍若無人。後與<span class="zhuanming">安公</span>相值，忽然信伏，遂投簪許道，事<span class="zhuanming">安</span>爲師。……止<span class="zhuanming">江陵</span><span class="zhuanming">長沙寺</span>，講説衆經，受業者四百餘人。時一僧飲酒，廢夕燒香，<span class="zhuanming">遇</span>止罰而不遣。<span class="zhuanming">安公</span>遥聞之，以竹筒盛一荆子，手自緘封，題以寄<span class="zhuanming">遇</span>。<span class="zhuanming">遇</span>開封見杖，即曰：『此由飲酒僧也。我訓領不勤，遠貽憂賜。』即命維那鳴槌集衆，以杖筒置香橙上，行香畢，<span class="zhuanming">遇</span>乃起出衆前，向筒致敬，於是伏地，命維那行杖三下，内杖筒中，垂淚自責。時境内道俗，莫不歎息。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#500" id="513">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷五<span class="shuming">釋道安傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">習鑿齒</span>與<span class="zhuanming">謝安</span>書云：『來此見<span class="zhuanming">釋道安</span>，故是遠勝，非常道士。師<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00072','1726536',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P72</span></i>徒數百，齋講不倦。無變化伎術可以惑常人之耳目，無重威大勢可以整群小之參差，而師徒肅肅，自相尊敬，洋洋濟濟，乃是吾由來所未見。其人理懷簡衷，多所博涉。内外群書，略皆遍覩。陰陽算數，亦皆能通。佛經妙義，故所游刃。作義乃似<span class="zhuanming">法蘭</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法道</span>，恨足下不同日而見。其亦每言，思得一叙。』其爲時賢所重，類皆然也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#501" id="514">〔五〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">支遁</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">道林</span>，<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷四有傳。<span class="shuming">衆僧集儀度</span>，當爲<span class="shuming">般若臺衆僧集議節度</span>之略。<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一二著録有<span class="zhuanming">支道林</span><span class="shuming">般若臺衆僧集議節度序</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#502" id="515">〔六〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一二著録有<span class="zhuanming">慧遠</span><span class="shuming">法社節度序</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#503" id="516">〔七〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">宣律師</span>，即<span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>，<span class="zhuanming">丹徒</span>人，一云<span class="zhuanming">長城</span>人，<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一四有傳。<span class="shuming">鳴鐘軌度</span>，又稱<span class="shuming">鳴鐘犍度</span>，<span class="shuming">大唐内典録</span>未見著録。<span class="shuming">四分律删繁補闕行事鈔</span>卷一<span class="shuming">集僧通局篇</span>﹑<span class="shuming">僧網大綱篇</span>等，有及鳴鐘之規則法度者；<span class="shuming">分五衆物儀</span>，當即<span class="shuming">釋門亡物輕重儀</span>，現存<span class="shuming">量處輕重儀</span>，二卷，並注曰：「謂亡五衆物也。」<span class="zhuanming">湯用彤</span><span class="shuming">隋唐佛教史稿</span>認爲當即<span class="shuming">釋門亡物輕重儀</span>之一部；<span class="shuming">章服儀</span>，即<span class="shuming">釋門章服儀</span>，一卷，現存；<span class="shuming">歸敬儀</span>，即<span class="shuming">釋門歸敬儀</span>，一卷，現存，分爲上﹑下二卷。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#504" id="517">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">魏書</span>卷一一四<span class="shuming">釋老志</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">世宗</span>即位，<span class="zhuanming">永平</span>元年秋，詔曰：『緇素既殊，法律亦異。故道教彰於互顯，禁勸各有所宜。自今已後，衆僧犯殺人已上罪者，仍依俗斷，餘犯悉付昭玄，以内律僧制治之。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#505" id="518">〔九〕</a>新：<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本作「親」。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00073','1726536',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P73</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#506" id="519">〔一○〕</a><span class="shuming">北史</span>卷三二<span class="shuming">崔挺傳</span>附<span class="shuming">崔暹傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>通和，要貴皆遣人隨聘使交易，<span class="zhuanming">暹</span>唯寄求佛經。<span class="zhuanming">梁武帝</span>聞之，繕寫，以幡花寶蓋贊唄送至館焉。然好大言，調戲無節。嘗密令沙門<span class="zhuanming">明藏</span>著<span class="shuming">佛性論</span>而署己名，傳諸<span class="zhuanming">江表</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#507" id="520">〔一一〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷八<span class="shuming">齊大統合水寺釋法上傳</span>：「自<span class="zhuanming">上</span>未任已前，儀服通混，一知綱統，制樣别行。使夫道俗兩異，<span class="zhuanming">上</span>有功焉。制寺立浄，亦始於此。故<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>門東敞，能扇清風，莫與先矣。初<span class="zhuanming">天保</span>之中，國置十統，有司聞奏，事須甄異，<span class="zhuanming">文宣</span>乃手注狀云：『<span class="zhuanming">上法師</span>可爲大統，餘爲通統。』」<span class="shuming">北史</span>卷三二<span class="shuming">崔挺傳</span>附<span class="shuming">崔暹傳</span>：「先是僧尼猥濫，<span class="zhuanming">暹</span>奏設科條篇，沙門<span class="zhuanming">法上</span>爲昭玄都以檢約之。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#508" id="521">〔一二〕</a>僧制：一卷，收入<span class="shuming">齊太宰竟陵文宣王法集録</span>，見<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一二。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#509" id="522">〔一三〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷五<span class="shuming">梁楊都光宅寺沙門釋法雲傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋法雲</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">周氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宜興</span><span class="zhuanming">陽羡</span>人。……尋又下詔，禮爲家僧，資給優厚，敕爲<span class="zhuanming">光宅寺</span>主，創立<span class="shuming">僧制</span>，雅爲後則。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
卷中
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138061" key="1138061"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138062" key="1138062"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00069','1726535',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P69</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000070"><b>大宋僧史略卷中<span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">咸平</span>二年重更修理</span></b></p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">右街僧録<span class="zhuanming">通慧大師</span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>奉敕撰</span> </p><p> <span>二十四﹑道俗立制　二十五﹑行香唱導</span> </p><p> <span>二十六﹑讚唄之由　二十七﹑僧寺綱紏</span> </p><p> <span>二十八﹑立僧正</span> <span class="font12 zhu">尼正附</span> <span>　二十九﹑僧統</span> </p><p> <span>三十﹑沙門都統　三十一﹑左右街僧録</span> </p><p> <span>三十二﹑僧主副員　三十三﹑講經論首座</span> </p><p> <span>三十四﹑國師　三十五﹑雜任職員</span> </p><p> <span>三十六﹑僧主秩俸</span> <span class="font12 zhu">尼附</span> <span>　三十七﹑管屬僧尼</span> <span class="font12 zhu">祠部牒附</span> </p><p> <span>三十八﹑僧道班位　三十九﹑内道場</span> <span class="font12 zhu">生日道場附</span> </p><p> <span>四十﹑僧籍弛張</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
上元放燈
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138065" key="1138065"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 上元放燈 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138066" key="1138066"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00224','1726579',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P224</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000155">上元放燈</p><p> <span>案<span class="shuming">漢法本内傳</span>云：佛教初來，與道士角試，燒經像，無損而發光。又<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>十二月三十日，是此方正月十五日，謂之大神變月。<span class="zhuanming">漢明</span>敕令燒燈，表佛法大明也<a class="zhuhao" href="#1347" id="1339">〔一〕</a>。一云：此由<span class="zhuanming">漢武</span>祭五時神祠，通夜設燎，蓋取<span class="shuming">周禮</span>司爟氏燒燎照祭祀，後率爲故事矣<a class="zhuhao" href="#1348" id="1340">〔二〕</a>。然則本乎司爟舉火供祭祀職，至<span class="zhuanming">東漢</span>用之，表佛法大明也。加以累朝沿革，必匪常規。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">先天</span>二<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00225','1726579',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P225</span></i>年，<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">沙陀</span>請以正月十五日然燈<a class="zhuhao" href="#1349" id="1341">〔三〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>二十八年正月十四日，敕常以二月望日燒燈<a class="zhuhao" href="#1350" id="1342">〔四〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>六年六月十八日，詔曰：「重門夜開，以達陽氣。群司朝宴，樂在時和。屬于上元，當修齋籙。其於賞會，必備葷羶。比來因循，稍將非便。自今以後，每至正月，宜取十七日﹑十九日夜開坊市，以爲永式。」<a class="zhuhao" href="#1351" id="1343">〔五〕</a>尋又重依十五夜放燈。<span class="zhuanming">德宗</span><span class="zhuanming">貞元</span>三年，敕正月十五日然燈，是<span class="zhuanming">漢明帝</span>因佛法初來，與道士角法，敕令燭燈，表破昏闇云。<span class="zhuanming">唐僖宗</span>幸<span class="zhuanming">蜀</span>，迴中原多事，至<span class="zhuanming">昭</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">哀</span>皆廢。<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">開平</span>二年，詔曰：「近年以風俗未泰，兵革且繁，正月然燈，廢停已久。今後三夜，開<a class="zhuhao" href="#1352" id="1344">〔六〕</a>坊市門，公私然燈祈福。」<a class="zhuhao" href="#1353" id="1345">〔七〕</a><span class="zhuanming">莊宗</span>入<span class="zhuanming">洛</span>，其事復興。後歷諸朝，或然或不。我<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span><span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>六年，敕下元亦放燈三夜，爲軍民祈福，供養天地辰象<a class="zhuhao" href="#1354" id="1346">〔八〕</a>佛道。三元俱然燈放夜，自此爲始，著于格令焉。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1339" id="1347">〔一〕</a>漢法本内傳：已佚。見前注。<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷三五：「（<span class="zhuanming">漢明帝</span><span class="zhuanming">永平</span>）十四年正月十一日，<span class="zhuanming">五嶽</span>八山道士<span class="zhuanming">褚善信</span>六百九十人上表，請與<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>佛道角試優劣。敕尚書令<span class="zhuanming">宋庠</span>，以十五日大集<span class="zhuanming">白馬寺</span>。帝設行殿於寺，南門立三壇，道士於東壇置經子符籙，<span class="zhuanming">摩騰</span>於道西置壇安經像舍利，中壇奉饌食奠祀百神。道士遶壇泣曰：『主上信邪，玄風失緒，敢延經義於壇，以火取驗。』即縱火焚經，悉成灰燼，道士相顧愧赧。所試咒術入火履水，皆不得行。及焚佛<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00226','1726579',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P226</span></i>經，光明五色上徹天表。烈火既息，經像儼然。<span class="zhuanming">摩騰</span>踊身飛空，現諸神變。<span class="zhuanming">法蘭</span>出大梵音，宣明佛法。天雨寶華，大衆欣説。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1340" id="1348">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">周禮</span><span class="shuming">秋官</span><span class="shuming">司烜氏</span>：「司烜氏掌以夫遂取明火於日。」<span class="shuming">宋書</span>卷一四<span class="shuming">禮一</span>：「臣案<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>司空<span class="zhuanming">王朗</span>奏事曰：『故事，正月朔，賀。殿下設兩百華鐙，對於二階之間。端門設庭燎火炬，端門外設五尺﹑三尺鐙。月照星明，雖夜猶晝也。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1341" id="1349">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷七<span class="shuming">睿宗紀</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">先天</span>二年春正月）上元日夜，上皇御<span class="zhuanming">安福門</span>觀燈，出内人連袂踏歌，縱百僚觀之，一夜方罷。……初，有僧<span class="zhuanming">婆陀</span>請夜開門燃燈百千炬，三日三夜。皇帝御<span class="zhuanming">延喜門</span>觀燈縱樂，凡三日夜。左拾遺<span class="zhuanming">嚴挺之</span>上疏諫之，乃止。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1342" id="1350">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷九<span class="shuming">玄宗紀下</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>二十八年春正月）壬寅，以望日御<span class="zhuanming">勤政樓</span>宴群臣，連夜燒燈，會大雪而罷，因命自今常以二月望日夜爲之。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1343" id="1351">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">全唐文</span>卷三二<span class="shuming">令正月夜開坊市門詔</span>：「重門夜開，以達陽氣。群司朝晏，樂在時和。屬此上元，當修齋籙。其於賞會，必備葷膻。比來因循，稍將非便。自今已後，每至正月，改取十七﹑十八﹑十九日夜開坊市門。仍永爲常式。」<span class="shuming">唐會要</span>卷四九<span class="shuming">燃燈</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">先天</span>二年二月，胡僧<span class="zhuanming">婆陀</span>請夜開城門，燃燈百千炬，三日三夜。皇帝御<span class="zhuanming">延喜門</span>，觀燈縱樂，凡三日夜。……<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>二十八年，以正月望日御<span class="zhuanming">勤政樓</span>，讌群臣，連夜燃燈，會大雪而罷。因命自今常以二月望日夜爲之。<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>三載十一月敕，每載依舊正月十四﹑十五﹑十六日開坊市燃燈，永爲<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00227','1726579',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P227</span></i>常式。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1344" id="1352">〔六〕</a>開：底本作「門」，據<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1345" id="1353">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">舊五代史</span>卷四<span class="shuming">太祖紀四</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">開平</span>三年正月）己卯，備法駕﹑六軍儀仗入西都。是日，御<span class="zhuanming">文明殿</span>受朝賀。詔曰：『近年以來，風俗未泰，兵革且繁，正月燃燈，廢停已久。今屬創開鴻業，初建<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>，方在上春，務達陽氣，宜以正月十四﹑十五﹑十六日夜，開坊市門，一任公私燃燈祈福。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1346" id="1354">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">宋史</span>卷一一三：「三元觀燈，本起于方外之説。自<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>以後，常於正月望夜，開坊市門然燈。<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>因之，上元前後各一日，城中張燈，大内正門結彩爲山樓影燈，起露臺，教坊陳百戲。天子先幸寺觀行香，遂御樓，或御<span class="zhuanming">東華門</span>及東西角樓，飲從臣。……其夕，開舊城門達旦，縱士民觀。後增至十七﹑十八夜。<span class="zhuanming">太祖</span><span class="zhuanming">建隆</span>二年上元節，御<span class="zhuanming">明德門</span>樓觀燈，召宰相﹑樞密﹑宣徽﹑三司使﹑<span class="zhuanming">端明</span>﹑翰林﹑樞密直學士﹑兩省五品以上官﹑見任前任節度觀察使飲宴，<span class="zhuanming">江南</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">吴越</span>朝貢使預焉。四夷蕃客列坐樓下，賜酒食勞之，夜分而罷。三年正月十三夜然燈，罷内前排場戲樂，以<span class="zhuanming">昭憲皇太后</span>喪制故也。<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>二年七月中元節，御東角樓觀燈，賜從官宴飲。五年十月下元節，依中元例，張燈三夜。<span class="zhuanming">雍熙</span>五年上元節，不觀燈，躬耕籍田故也。後凡遇用兵及災變﹑諸臣之喪，皆罷。<span class="zhuanming">真宗</span><span class="zhuanming">景德</span>元年正月十四日，賜<span class="zhuanming">大食</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">三佛齊</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">蒲端</span>諸國進奉使緡錢，令觀燈宴飲。<span class="zhuanming">大中祥符</span>元年十一月二十五日，詔天慶節聽京城然燈<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00228','1726579',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P228</span></i>一晝夜。六年四月十六日，先天降聖節亦如之。<span class="zhuanming">天聖</span>二年六月，罷降聖節然燈。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
都講
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138068" key="1138068"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 都講 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138069" key="1138069"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00054','1726529',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P54</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000058">都講</p><p> <span>敷宣之士，擊發之由，非旁人而啓端，難在座而孤起。故<span class="zhuanming">梁武</span>講經，以<span class="zhuanming">枳園寺</span><span class="zhuanming">法彪</span>爲都講。<span class="zhuanming">彪公</span>先一問，<span class="zhuanming">梁祖</span>方鼓舌端，載索載徵，隨問隨答<a class="zhuhao" href="#414" id="409">〔一〕</a>。此都講之大體也。又<span class="zhuanming">支遁</span>至<span class="zhuanming">會稽</span>，<span class="zhuanming">王内史</span>請講<span class="shuming">維摩</span>，<span class="zhuanming">許詢</span>爲都講。<span class="zhuanming">許</span>發一問，衆謂<span class="zhuanming">支</span>無以答；<span class="zhuanming">支</span>答一義，衆謂<span class="zhuanming">詢</span>無以難。如是問答，連環不盡<a class="zhuhao" href="#415" id="410">〔二〕</a>。是知都講，實難其人。又<span class="zhuanming">僧伽跋陀羅</span>就講，弟子<span class="zhuanming">法勇</span>傳譯，<span class="zhuanming">僧念</span>爲都講<a class="zhuhao" href="#416" id="411">〔三〕</a>。又<span class="zhuanming">僧導</span>者，<span class="zhuanming">京兆</span>人也，爲沙彌時，<span class="zhuanming">僧叡</span>見而異之曰：「君於佛法，且欲何爲？」曰：「願爲法師作都講。」<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>曰：「君當爲萬人法主，豈對揚小師乎？」<a class="zhuhao" href="#417" id="412">〔四〕</a>此則<span class="zhuanming">姚<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00055','1726529',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P55</span></i>秦</span>之世，已有都講也。今之都講，不聞擊問，舉<a class="zhuhao" href="#418" id="413">〔五〕</a>唱經文，蓋似像古之都講耳。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#409" id="414">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷三七<span class="shuming">法運通塞志</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">天監</span>）三年，帝御<span class="zhuanming">重雲殿</span>講經，以<span class="zhuanming">枳園寺</span><span class="zhuanming">法彪</span>爲都講。<span class="zhuanming">彪</span>先一問，帝方酬答。載索載徵，並通玄妙。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#410" id="415">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷四<span class="shuming">支遁傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">支遁</span>字<span class="zhuanming">道林</span>，本姓<span class="zhuanming">關氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">陳留</span>人。或云<span class="zhuanming">河東</span><span class="zhuanming">林慮</span>人。幼有神理，聰明秀徹。……晚出<span class="zhuanming">山陰</span>，講<span class="shuming">維摩經</span>，<span class="zhuanming">遁</span>爲法師，<span class="zhuanming">許詢</span>爲都講。<span class="zhuanming">遁</span>通一義，衆人咸謂<span class="zhuanming">詢</span>無以厝難；<span class="zhuanming">詢</span>設一難，亦謂<span class="zhuanming">遁</span>不復能通。如此至竟，兩家不竭。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#411" id="416">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一四<span class="shuming">求那跋陀羅傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">求那跋陀羅</span>，<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>言<span class="zhuanming">功德賢</span>，<span class="zhuanming">中天竺</span>人也。……<span class="zhuanming">譙王</span>欲請講<span class="shuming">華嚴</span>等經，而<span class="zhuanming">跋陀</span>自忖未善<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>語，愧歎積旬，即旦夕禮懺，請乞冥應。遂夢有人白服持劍，擎一人首，來至其前曰：『何故憂耶？』<span class="zhuanming">跋陀</span>具以事對。答曰：『無所多憂。』即以劍易首，更安新頭。語令迴轉，曰：『得無痛耶？』答曰：『不痛。』豁然便覺，心神喜悦。旦起言義，皆備領<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>語，於是就講。弟子<span class="zhuanming">法勇</span>傳譯，<span class="zhuanming">僧念</span>爲都講。雖因譯人，而玄解往復。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#412" id="417">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷七<span class="shuming">釋僧導傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋僧導</span>，<span class="zhuanming">京兆</span>人。十歲出家，從師受業，師以<span class="shuming">觀世音經</span>授之。讀竟諮師：『此經有幾卷？』師欲試之，迺言：『止有此耳。』<span class="zhuanming">導</span>曰：『初云爾時無盡意，故知爾前已應有事。』師大悦之，授以<span class="shuming">法華</span>一部。於是晝夜看尋，粗解文義。貧無油燭，常採薪自照。至年十八，博讀轉多，氣幹雄勇，神機秀發，形止方雅，舉動無忤。<span class="zhuanming">僧叡</span>見而奇之，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00056','1726529',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P56</span></i>問曰：『君於佛法，且欲何願？』<span class="zhuanming">導</span>曰：『且願爲法師作都講。』<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>曰：『君方當爲萬人法主，豈肯對揚小師乎？』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#413" id="418">〔五〕</a>舉：<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本「舉」前有一「但」字。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
解論
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138071" key="1138071"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 解論 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138072" key="1138072"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00052','1726528',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P52</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000056">解論</p><p> <span>毗曇慧學，對法命家，雖晚見於翻傳，而敏成於智母。疇初稽考，越措疏文，唯<span class="shuming">成實</span>一宗，最多法相。北則<span class="zhuanming">羅什</span>删略付授<span class="zhuanming">嵩法師</span>，故<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>主<span class="zhuanming">太和</span>十年，幸<span class="zhuanming">徐州</span><span class="zhuanming">白塔寺</span>，詔曰「此寺<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00053','1726528',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P53</span></i>近有名僧<span class="zhuanming">嵩法師</span>，受<span class="shuming">成實論</span>於<span class="zhuanming">什公</span>，後授<span class="zhuanming">淵法師</span>，又授<span class="zhuanming">登</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">紀</span>二法師，朕每覽<span class="shuming">成實</span>」云。<span class="zhuanming">道登</span>嘗傳論於禁中<a class="zhuhao" href="#404" id="399">〔一〕</a>，此<span class="zhuanming">北朝</span>之始也。又<span class="zhuanming">僧道</span>，禪經律論，一皆精博，<span class="zhuanming">姚興</span>同輦還宫，著<span class="shuming">成實</span>﹑<span class="shuming">三論義疏</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#405" id="400">〔二〕</a>。此又在先矣。南則<span class="zhuanming">僧柔</span>講宣，故<span class="shuming">出三藏記</span>曰：「<span class="zhuanming">齊</span><span class="zhuanming">永明</span>七年十月，<span class="zhuanming">文宣王</span>招集京師碩學名僧五百人，請<span class="zhuanming">定林寺</span><span class="zhuanming">僧柔</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">謝寺</span><span class="zhuanming">慧次</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#406" id="401">〔三〕</a>於<span class="zhuanming">普弘寺</span>講<a class="zhuhao" href="#407" id="402">〔四〕</a>。」此<span class="zhuanming">南朝</span>之始也。又<span class="zhuanming">肇</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">叡</span>諸師講<span class="shuming">中</span>﹑<span class="shuming">百</span>﹑<span class="shuming">十二門</span>等論<a class="zhuhao" href="#408" id="403">〔五〕</a>，疏義迭生，相繼無盡也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#399" id="404">〔一〕</a>按<span class="shuming">魏書</span>卷一一四<span class="shuming">釋老志</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">太和</span>）十九年四月，帝幸<span class="zhuanming">徐州</span><span class="zhuanming">白塔寺</span>。顧謂諸王及侍官曰：『此寺近有名僧<span class="zhuanming">嵩法師</span>，受<span class="shuming">成實論</span>於<span class="zhuanming">羅什</span>，在此流通。後授<span class="zhuanming">淵法師</span>，<span class="zhuanming">淵法師</span>授<span class="zhuanming">登</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">紀</span>二法師。朕每玩<span class="shuming">成實論</span>，可以釋人染情，故至此寺焉。』時沙門<span class="zhuanming">道登</span>，雅有義業，爲<span class="zhuanming">高祖</span>眷賞，恒侍講論。曾於禁内與帝夜談，同見一鬼。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#400" id="405">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷七<span class="shuming">釋僧導傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋僧導</span>，<span class="zhuanming">京兆</span>人。十歲出家，從師受業。……迄受具戒，識洽愈深，禪律經論，達自心抱。<span class="zhuanming">姚興</span>欽其德業，友而愛焉，入寺相造，迺同輦還宫。及<span class="zhuanming">什公</span>譯出經論，並參議詳定。<span class="zhuanming">導</span>既素有風神，又值<span class="zhuanming">關中</span>盛集，於是謀猷衆典，博採真俗，迺著<span class="shuming">成實</span>﹑<span class="shuming">三論義疏</span>及<span class="shuming">空有二諦論</span>等。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#401" id="406">〔三〕</a>謝寺慧次：底本作「講寺慧欣」，<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本作「謝寺慧欣」。據文意改，參下注。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00054','1726528',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P54</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#402" id="407">〔四〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一一<span class="shuming">略成實論記第六</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">齊</span><span class="zhuanming">永明</span>七年十月，<span class="zhuanming">文宣王</span>招集京師碩學名僧五百餘人，請<span class="zhuanming">定林</span><span class="zhuanming">僧柔法師</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">謝寺</span><span class="zhuanming">慧次法師</span>於<span class="zhuanming">普弘寺</span>迭講。」又<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷八<span class="shuming">釋慧次傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋慧次</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">尹</span>，<span class="zhuanming">冀州</span>人。……迄禀具戒，業操彌深，頻講<span class="shuming">成實</span>及<span class="shuming">三論</span>。<span class="zhuanming">大明</span>中，出都止于<span class="zhuanming">謝寺</span>。迄<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>季<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>初，歸德稍廣，每講席一鋪，輒道俗奔赴。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#403" id="408">〔五〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">僧肇</span>，<span class="zhuanming">京兆</span>人，<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷六有傳。著有<span class="shuming">物不遷論</span>﹑<span class="shuming">不真空論</span>﹑<span class="shuming">般若無知論</span>及<span class="shuming">涅槃無名論</span>，合稱<span class="shuming">肇論</span>，是三論宗的重要典籍。又<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">釋僧叡傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋僧叡</span>，<span class="zhuanming">魏郡</span><span class="zhuanming">長樂</span>人也。」「著<span class="shuming">大智論</span>﹑<span class="shuming">十二門論</span>﹑<span class="shuming">中論</span>等諸序。并著<span class="shuming">大</span><span class="shuming">小品</span>﹑<span class="shuming">法華</span>﹑<span class="shuming">維摩</span>﹑<span class="shuming">思益</span>﹑<span class="shuming">自在王</span>﹑<span class="shuming">禪經</span>等序，皆傳於世。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
德號
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138075" key="1138075"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 賜師號 &gt; 德號 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138076" key="1138076"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00172','1726563',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P172</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000123"><b>德號</b></p><p> <span>德號之興，其來遠矣。<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">晋</span>之世，翻譯律本羯磨文中，皆曰「大德僧」。經云「爲大德天生」<a class="zhuhao" href="#1073" id="1059">〔一〕</a>，論云「諸大德有神通者」<a class="zhuhao" href="#1074" id="1060">〔二〕</a>，及諸傳紀私呼僧中賢彦，多云大德，非國朝所補也。<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00173','1726563',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P173</span></i>至<span class="zhuanming">唐代宗</span>，内出香一合，送<span class="zhuanming">西明寺</span>故上座大德<span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>掌内，始見史傳<a class="zhuhao" href="#1075" id="1061">〔三〕</a>。又<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span><span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>二年，<span class="zhuanming">安國寺</span>律大德<span class="zhuanming">乘如</span>奏亡僧物色，乞依律斷輕重，宜依<a class="zhuhao" href="#1076" id="1062">〔四〕</a>。觀此文，似敕補也。然或詔敕中云「長老僧某」，豈是補署邪？蓋一期<a class="zhuhao" href="#1077" id="1063">〔五〕</a>之推飾耳。大德<span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>﹑律大德<span class="zhuanming">乘如</span>，亦同此也。<span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>六年辛亥歲四月五日，敕京城僧尼臨壇大德各置十人，以爲常式，有闕即填。此帶臨壇而有大德二字，乃官補德號之始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#1078" id="1064">〔六〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">憲宗</span>朝，<span class="zhuanming">端甫</span>爲引駕大德<a class="zhuhao" href="#1079" id="1065">〔七〕</a>，此帶「引駕」爲目。<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span><span class="zhuanming">大中</span>四年六月降誕日，内殿禪大德<span class="zhuanming">辯</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">肇</span>二人<a class="zhuhao" href="#1080" id="1066">〔八〕</a>，此帶禪學得名。又<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>中，敕補<span class="zhuanming">聖壽寺</span>臨壇大德賜紫<span class="zhuanming">慧靈</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">總持寺</span>上座，<span class="zhuanming">崇福寺</span>講論大德賜紫<span class="zhuanming">叡川</span>充寺主，<span class="zhuanming">福壽寺</span>臨壇大德賜紫<span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span>充都維那<a class="zhuhao" href="#1081" id="1067">〔九〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>十年，<span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span>遷上座，大德<span class="zhuanming">玄則</span>爲寺主，大德<span class="zhuanming">堅信</span>爲悦衆，並從敕補<a class="zhuhao" href="#1082" id="1068">〔一○〕</a>。敕補號益分明矣。<span class="zhuanming">懿宗</span><span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>六年，<span class="zhuanming">西涼府</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">法信</span>禀本道節度使<span class="zhuanming">張義朝</span>表<a class="zhuhao" href="#1083" id="1069">〔一一〕</a>，進<span class="zhuanming">乘恩法師</span>所撰<span class="shuming">百法論疏抄</span>，兩街詳定，可以行用。敕宜依。其<span class="zhuanming">法信</span>，賜紫衣，充本道大德<a class="zhuhao" href="#1084" id="1070">〔一二〕</a>。又<span class="zhuanming">昭宗</span><span class="zhuanming">文德</span>初，生辰號嘉會節，詔兩街僧道講論至暮，各賜分物銀器。僧道賜師號者，右街兩人，紫衣各四人，德號各十人<a class="zhuhao" href="#1085" id="1071">〔一三〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">朱梁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">後唐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">周</span>，或行或不行。今<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span>朝廷罕行德號。<span class="zhuanming">開寶</span>中，左右街僧録準舊敕得簡署三學雜科僧名題，或曰禪大德，或講經律論，表白聲讚，醫術諸科，宜與「大德」二字。近僧録<span class="zhuanming">道深</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1086" id="1072">〔一四〕</a>，不循科目，多妄張懿美文字爲題。至于四字六字，唯納賂而後行。<span class="zhuanming">江南</span><span class="zhuanming">兩浙</span>之地，至有十寺院中，無長<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00174','1726563',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P174</span></i>行可以充僧役也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1059" id="1073">〔一〕</a><span class="zhuanming">鳩摩羅什</span>譯<span class="shuming">妙法蓮華經</span>卷三<span class="shuming">化城喻品</span>：「我等諸宫殿，光明昔未有，此是何因緣，宜各共求之。爲大德天生，爲佛出世間，而此大光明，遍照於十方。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1060" id="1074">〔二〕</a>見<span class="zhuanming">跋陀羅</span>譯<span class="shuming">善見律毗婆沙</span>卷六。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1061" id="1075">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一四<span class="shuming">唐京兆西明寺道宣傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋道宣</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">錢氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">丹徒</span>人也。一云<span class="zhuanming">長城</span>人。」「爾後十旬安坐而化，則<span class="zhuanming">乾封</span>二年十月三日也，春秋七十二，僧臘五十二。」「至<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span><span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>二年敕此寺三綱：『如聞彼寺有大德<span class="zhuanming">道宣律師</span>，傳授得<span class="zhuanming">釋迦</span>佛牙及肉舍利，宜即詣右銀臺門進來，朕要觀禮。』至十一年十月，敕每年内中出香一合，送<span class="zhuanming">西明寺</span>故<span class="zhuanming">道宣律師</span>堂，爲國焚之禱祝。至<span class="zhuanming">懿宗</span><span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>十年，左右街僧<span class="zhuanming">令霄</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span>等上表乞追贈。其年十月，敕謚曰<span class="zhuanming">澄照</span>，塔曰<span class="zhuanming">浄光</span>。先所居久在<span class="zhuanming">終南</span>，故號<span class="zhuanming">南山</span>律宗焉。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1062" id="1076">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一五<span class="shuming">唐京兆安國寺乘如傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋乘如</span>，未詳氏族。精研律部，頗善講宣，繩準緇徒，罔不循則。<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>朝翻經，<span class="zhuanming">如</span>預其任。應左右街臨壇度人，弟子千數。先是五衆身亡，衣資什具，悉入官庫，然歷累朝，曷由釐革。<span class="zhuanming">如</span>乃援引諸律，出家比丘生隨得利，死利歸僧，言其來往本無物也。比丘貪畜，自兹而𡞞者，職由於此。今若歸官，例同籍没。前世遺事，闕人舉揚。今屬文明，乞循律法，斷其輕重。<span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>二年十一月二十七日敕下，今<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00175','1726563',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P175</span></i>後僧亡，物隨入僧。仍班告中書門牒，天下宜依。<span class="zhuanming">如</span>之律匠，非止訓二衆而已，抑亦奮内衆之遺事。立功不朽，<span class="zhuanming">如公</span>是乎！終<span class="zhuanming">西明</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">安國</span>二寺上座。有文集三卷，<span class="zhuanming">圓照</span>鳩聚流布焉。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1063" id="1077">〔五〕</a>一期：一時，偶然。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1064" id="1078">〔六〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四一：「（<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span><span class="zhuanming">永泰</span>元年）敕<span class="zhuanming">大興善寺</span>建方等戒壇，立臨壇大德十人。」則在<span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>六年之前也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1065" id="1079">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">唐京師大安國寺端甫傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋端甫</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">趙氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">天水</span>人也。」「<span class="zhuanming">德宗皇帝</span>聞其名，徵之，一見大悦。常出入禁中，與儒道議論，賜紫方袍。歲時錫施，異於他等。復詔侍皇太子於東朝。<span class="zhuanming">順宗皇帝</span>深仰其風，親之若昆弟，相與卧起，恩禮特隆。<span class="zhuanming">憲宗皇帝</span>數幸其寺，待之若賓友。常承顧問，注納偏厚。而<span class="zhuanming">甫</span>符彩超邁，辭理響捷，迎合上旨，皆契真乘。雖造次應對，未嘗不以闡揚爲務，繇是天子益知佛爲大聖人，其教有大不思議事。……王公輿臺，皆以誠接。議者以爲成就常不輕行者，唯<span class="zhuanming">甫</span>而已矣。夫將欲駕横海之大航，拯迷途於彼岸者，固必有奇功妙道歟？以<span class="zhuanming">開成</span>元年六月一日西向右脅而滅。……<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>中，相國<span class="zhuanming">裴公</span><span class="zhuanming">休</span>爲碑頌德焉。」碑銘即<span class="shuming">玄祕塔碑</span>，全稱<span class="shuming">唐故左街僧録内供奉三教談論引駕大德安國寺上座賜紫大達法師玄祕塔碑銘並序</span>，可見其「引駕大德」之稱也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1066" id="1080">〔八〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">辯</span>，指<span class="zhuanming">辯章</span>，參卷中「講經論首座」條注六。<span class="zhuanming">肇</span>，俟考。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00176','1726563',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P176</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1067" id="1081">〔九〕</a>參「賜僧紫衣」條注一九。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1068" id="1082">〔一○〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一七<span class="shuming">唐京兆福壽寺玄暢傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>於<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>中，凡遇誕辰，入内談論，即賜紫袈裟，充内外臨壇大德。……<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>時充<span class="zhuanming">追福院</span>首領，又充<span class="zhuanming">總持寺</span>都維那，尋署上座。」<span class="zhuanming">玄則</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">堅信</span>，俟考。按：初<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>有<span class="zhuanming">釋玄則</span>，爲<span class="zhuanming">西明寺</span>高僧，撰有<span class="shuming">禪林妙記集序</span>等，還參與譯經活動，見<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>﹑<span class="shuming">開元釋教録</span>等。和此<span class="zhuanming">玄則</span>年代懸隔，當非一人。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1069" id="1083">〔一一〕</a>表：底本作「差」，據校記及<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1070" id="1084">〔一二〕</a>參「賜僧紫衣」條注二○。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1071" id="1085">〔一三〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷二三<span class="shuming">昭宗本紀</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">龍紀</span>元年二月）中書奏請以二月二十二日爲嘉會節，從之。」<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二<span class="shuming">法運通塞志十七之九</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">龍紀</span>元年聖誕，敕兩街僧道入内殿談論。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1072" id="1086">〔一四〕</a>道深：曾爲左街僧録。見<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷七<span class="shuming">宋東京天清寺傅章傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span><span class="zhuanming">乾德</span>二年，左街僧録<span class="zhuanming">道深</span>薦（<span class="zhuanming">傅章</span>）于<span class="zhuanming">太祖神德皇帝</span>，賜師號曰<span class="zhuanming">義明</span>。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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賜師號
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138079" key="1138079"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 賜師號 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138080" key="1138080"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00168','1726562',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P168</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000121">賜師號<span class="font12 zhu">德號附</span></p><p> <span>師號，謂賜某大師也。遠起<span class="zhuanming">梁武帝</span>號<span class="zhuanming">婁約法師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1048" id="1037">〔一〕</a>﹑次<span class="zhuanming">隋煬帝</span>號<span class="zhuanming">智顗禪師</span>，並爲「<span class="zhuanming">智者</span>」<a class="zhuhao" href="#1049" id="1038">〔二〕</a>，而無「大師」二字。<span class="zhuanming">唐中宗</span>號<span class="zhuanming">萬迴</span>爲「<span class="zhuanming">法雲公</span>」<a class="zhuhao" href="#1050" id="1039">〔三〕</a>，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">加「公」一字。</span> <span><span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span><span class="zhuanming">開元</span>中，有<span class="zhuanming">慧日<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00169','1726562',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P169</span></i>法師</span>，<span class="zhuanming">中宗</span>朝得度，師<span class="zhuanming">義浄</span>游<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>迴，進真容﹑<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>夾，帝悦，賜號「<span class="zhuanming">慈敏</span>」<a class="zhuhao" href="#1051" id="1040">〔四〕</a>，亦未行「大師」之字。<span class="zhuanming">穆宗</span>朝，<span class="zhuanming">天平軍</span>節度使<span class="zhuanming">劉總</span>奏乞出家，賜紫衣，號「<span class="zhuanming">大覺師</span>」<a class="zhuhao" href="#1052" id="1041">〔五〕</a>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">止「師」一字。</span> <span>至<span class="zhuanming">懿宗</span><span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>十一年十一月十四日延慶節，因談論，左街<span class="zhuanming">雲顥</span>賜「<span class="zhuanming">三慧大師</span>」，右街<span class="zhuanming">僧徹</span>賜「<span class="zhuanming">浄光大師</span>」，<span class="zhuanming">可孚</span>「<span class="zhuanming">法智大師</span>」，<span class="zhuanming">重謙</span>「<span class="zhuanming">青蓮大師</span>」<a class="zhuhao" href="#1053" id="1042">〔六〕</a>。賜師號，<span class="zhuanming">懿宗</span>朝始也。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">分明言某大師，見<span class="shuming">五運圖</span>。</span> <span><span class="zhuanming">僖宗</span>朝有僧録<span class="zhuanming">雲皓大師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1054" id="1043">〔七〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">昭宗</span>朝有<span class="zhuanming">圓明大師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1055" id="1044">〔八〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>革<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>命，賜<span class="zhuanming">靈武道</span><span class="zhuanming">寅尤</span>等爲「<span class="zhuanming">證慧大師</span>」<a class="zhuhao" href="#1056" id="1045">〔九〕</a>，賜<span class="zhuanming">吴越國</span><span class="zhuanming">徑山</span><span class="zhuanming">洪諲</span>爲「<span class="zhuanming">法濟大師</span>」<a class="zhuhao" href="#1057" id="1046">〔一○〕</a>。至<span class="zhuanming">龍德</span>元年，不許僧妄求師號﹑紫衣<a class="zhuhao" href="#1058" id="1047">〔一一〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">後唐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">周</span>咸同。今<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span>止行師號﹑紫衣，而大德號許僧録司簡署。先是<span class="zhuanming">開寶</span>至<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>四年以前，許四海僧入殿庭，乞比試三學，下<span class="zhuanming">開封府</span>功德使差僧證經律論義，十條全通，賜紫衣，號爲手表僧，以其面手進表也。尋因功德使奏：天下一家，不須手表求選。敕依。自此每遇皇帝誕節，親王﹑宰輔﹑節度使至刺史，得上表薦所知僧道紫衣師號。唯兩街僧録﹑道録所薦，得入内，是日授門下牒，謂之簾前師號，給紫衣四事，號簾前紫衣，此最爲榮觀也。其外王侯薦者，間日方出，節制簾問，牧守轉降而賜也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1037" id="1048">〔一〕</a>婁約法師：即<span class="zhuanming">慧約</span>。法師俗姓<span class="zhuanming">婁</span>，世稱<span class="zhuanming">婁約法師</span>。<span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">梁國師草堂寺智者釋慧約傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋慧約</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">德素</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">婁</span>。<span class="zhuanming">東陽</span><span class="zhuanming">烏場</span>人。」「以<span class="zhuanming">約</span>德高人世，道被幽冥，允膺闍梨之尊，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00170','1726562',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P170</span></i>屬當『<span class="zhuanming">智者</span>』之號。逡巡退讓，情在固執，殷勤勸請，辭不獲命，<span class="zhuanming">天監</span>十一年，始敕引見。事協心期，道存目擊。自爾去來禁省，禮供優給。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1038" id="1049">〔二〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">隋</span><span class="zhuanming">開皇</span>十一年，<span class="zhuanming">智顗</span>受「<span class="zhuanming">智者</span>」之號。見<span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷一七<span class="shuming">隋國師智者天台山國清寺釋智顗傳</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1039" id="1050">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一八<span class="shuming">唐虢州閿鄉萬迴傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋萬迴</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">張氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">虢州</span><span class="zhuanming">閿鄉</span>人也。」「自<span class="zhuanming">高宗</span>末<span class="zhuanming">天后</span>時，常詔入内道場，賜錦繡衣裳，宫人供事。先爲兒時，於<span class="zhuanming">閿鄉</span><span class="zhuanming">興國寺</span>累瓦石爲佛塔，入内之後，其塔遂放光明，因建大閣而覆之。然其施作，皆不可輒量，出言則必有其故，敕賜號爲『<span class="zhuanming">法雲公</span>』。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1040" id="1051">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷二九<span class="shuming">唐洛陽罔極寺慧日傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋慧日</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">辛氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">東萊</span>人也。<span class="zhuanming">中宗</span>朝得度，及登具足，後遇<span class="zhuanming">義浄三藏</span>，造一乘之極，躬詣<span class="zhuanming">竺乾</span>，心恒羡慕。<span class="zhuanming">日</span>遂誓遊<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>。……計行七十餘國，總一十八年。<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>七年，方達<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>。進帝佛真容﹑<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>夾等，開悟帝心，賜號曰『<span class="zhuanming">慈慜三藏</span>』。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1041" id="1052">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一四三<span class="shuming">劉怦傳</span>附<span class="shuming">劉總傳</span>：「初，<span class="zhuanming">總</span>弑逆後，每見父兄爲祟，甚慘懼，乃於官署後置數百僧，厚給衣食，令晝夜乞恩謝罪。每公退，則憩於道場，若入他室，則忷惕不敢寐。晚年恐悸尤甚，故請落髮爲僧，冀以脱禍，乃以判官<span class="zhuanming">張皋</span>爲留後。<span class="zhuanming">總</span>以落髮，上表歸朝，<span class="zhuanming">穆宗</span>授<span class="zhuanming">天平軍</span>節度使，既聞落髮，乃賜紫，號『<span class="zhuanming">大覺師</span>』。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00171','1726562',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P171</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1042" id="1053">〔六〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">雲顥</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">可孚</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">重謙</span>，均參與了迎接佛指舍利從<span class="zhuanming">法門寺</span>到<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>，又護送回<span class="zhuanming">法門寺</span>的盛事，見<span class="zhuanming">僧澈</span>撰<span class="shuming">大唐咸通啓送岐陽真身志文</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>）十四年三月二十二日，詔供奉官<span class="zhuanming">李奉建</span>﹑高品<span class="zhuanming">彭延魯</span>﹑庫家<span class="zhuanming">齊詢敬</span>﹑承旨<span class="zhuanming">萬魯文</span>，與左右街僧録<span class="zhuanming">清瀾</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">彦楚</span>，首座<span class="zhuanming">僧澈</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">惟應</span>，大師<span class="zhuanming">重謙</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">雲顥</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧暉</span>等，同嚴香火，虔請真身。」後「乃詔東頭高品<span class="zhuanming">孫克政</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">齊詢敬</span>，庫家<span class="zhuanming">劉處宏</span>，承旨<span class="zhuanming">劉繼同</span>，西頭高品<span class="zhuanming">彭延魯</span>，内養<span class="zhuanming">馮金璋</span>，與左右僧録<span class="zhuanming">清瀾</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">彦楚</span>，首座<span class="zhuanming">僧澈</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">惟應</span>，大師<span class="zhuanming">清簡</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">雲顥</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧暉</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">可孚</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">懷敬</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">從建</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">文楚</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">文會</span>，大德<span class="zhuanming">會真</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">志柔</span>等，以十二月十九日自京都護送真身來本寺。」<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">唐京兆大安國寺僧徹傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋僧徹</span>，不知何許人也。……初居<span class="zhuanming">法乾内寺</span>，師資角立，聲彩風行，凡百官寮，無不奉仰率由。<span class="zhuanming">徹</span>内外兼學，辭筆特高，唱予和汝，同氣相求。尋充左右街應制，每屬誕辰，升<span class="zhuanming">麟德殿</span>法座講談，敕賜紫袈裟。<span class="zhuanming">懿宗</span>皇帝留心<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，頗異前朝，遇八齋日，必内中飯僧，數盈萬計。帝因法集，躬爲讚唄，<span class="zhuanming">徹</span>則升臺朗詠。寵錫繁博，敕造栴檀木講座以賜之。又敕兩街四寺行方等懺法，戒壇度僧各三七日。别宣僧尼大德二十人入<span class="zhuanming">咸泰殿</span>置壇度内。<span class="zhuanming">福壽寺</span>尼繕寫大藏經，每藏計五千四百六十一卷，雕造真檀像一千軀，皆委<span class="zhuanming">徹</span>檢校焉。以十一月十四日延慶節，<span class="zhuanming">麟德殿</span>召京城僧道赴内講論，爾日<span class="zhuanming">徹</span>述皇猷，辭辯瀏亮，帝深稱許。而又恢張佛理，旁懾黄冠，可謂折衝異論者，當時號爲『法將』。帝悦，敕賜號曰『<span class="zhuanming">浄光大師</span>』，<span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>十一年也，續録兩街僧事。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00172','1726562',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P172</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1043" id="1054">〔七〕</a>雲皓：即<span class="zhuanming">雲顥</span>，參上注。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1044" id="1055">〔八〕</a>圓明大師：俟考。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1045" id="1056">〔九〕</a>寅尤：俟考。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1046" id="1057">〔一○〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一二<span class="shuming">唐長沙石霜山慶諸傳</span>附<span class="shuming">洪諲傳</span>：「次<span class="zhuanming">餘杭</span><span class="zhuanming">徑山院</span><span class="zhuanming">釋洪諲</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">吴</span>，<span class="zhuanming">吴興</span>人也。……<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>初，除滅法之律，乃復厥儀，還故鄉<span class="zhuanming">西峰院</span>。至<span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>六年，上<span class="zhuanming">徑山</span>覲本師。明年，<span class="zhuanming">無上大師</span>遷神，衆請<span class="zhuanming">諲</span>嗣其法位。始唯百許僧，後盈千數。于時四衆共居，肅然無過。<span class="zhuanming">僖宗</span>皇帝賜院額曰『乾符鎮國』。<span class="zhuanming">中和</span>三年，仍賜紫袈裟。<span class="zhuanming">景福</span>二年，<span class="zhuanming">吴越國</span>王尚父<span class="zhuanming">錢氏</span>奏舉登賜『<span class="zhuanming">法濟大師</span>』。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1047" id="1058">〔一一〕</a><span class="shuming">舊五代史</span>卷一○<span class="shuming">末帝紀下</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">龍德</span>元年）三月丁亥朔，祠部員外郎<span class="zhuanming">李樞</span>上言：『請禁天下私度僧尼，及不許妄求師號紫衣。如願出家受戒者，皆須赴闕比試藝業施行，願歸俗者一聽自便。』（<span class="zhuanming">末帝</span>）詔曰：『兩都左右街賜紫衣及師號僧，委功德使具名聞奏。今後有闕，方得奏薦，仍須道行精至，夏臘高深，方得補填。每遇明聖節，兩街各許官壇度七人。諸道如要度僧，亦仰就京官壇，仍令祠部給牒。今後只兩街置僧録，道録﹑僧正並廢。』」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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賜僧紫衣
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv170741" key="170741"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 賜僧紫衣 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138082" key="1138082"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00158','1726561',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P158</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000119">賜僧紫衣</p><p> <span>古之所貴，名與器焉。賜人服章，極則朱紫，緑皂黄綬，乃爲降次。故曰加紫綬必得金章，今僧但受其紫而不金也。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">方袍非綬。</span> <span>尋諸史，僧衣赤黄黑青等色，不聞朱紫。案<span class="shuming">唐<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00159','1726561',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P159</span></i>書</span>，<span class="zhuanming">則天</span>朝有僧<span class="zhuanming">法朗</span>等，重譯<span class="shuming">大雲經</span>，陳符命，言<span class="zhuanming">則天</span>是<span class="zhuanming">彌勒</span>下生，爲<span class="zhuanming">閻浮提</span>主，<span class="zhuanming">唐氏</span>合微，故由之革命<a class="zhuhao" href="#1010" id="983">〔一〕</a>稱<span class="zhuanming">周</span>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">新<span class="shuming">大雲經</span>曰：「終後生<span class="zhuanming">彌勒</span>宫。」不言<span class="zhuanming">則天</span>是<span class="zhuanming">彌勒</span>。</span> <span><span class="zhuanming">法朗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">薛懷義</span>九人，並封縣公，賜物有差，皆賜紫袈裟﹑銀龜袋。其<span class="shuming">大雲經</span>頒於天下，寺各藏一本，令高座講説<a class="zhuhao" href="#1011" id="984">〔二〕</a>。賜紫自此始也。觀<span class="shuming">新唐書</span>，言<span class="shuming">大雲</span>是僞經，則非也。此經<span class="zhuanming">晋朝</span>已譯，舊本便云女王，于時豈有<span class="zhuanming">天后</span>耶？蓋因重譯，故有厚誣，加以挾<span class="zhuanming">薛懷義</span>在其間，致招譏誚也<a class="zhuhao" href="#1012" id="985">〔三〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">則天</span>之後，<span class="zhuanming">中宗</span>朝以胡僧<span class="zhuanming">慧範</span>修寺之功，封縣公，不行紫服<a class="zhuhao" href="#1013" id="986">〔四〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">睿宗</span>時，亦無聞焉。<span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span>友愛頗至，以<span class="zhuanming">寧王</span>疾，遣中使尚藥馳騖旁午<a class="zhuhao" href="#1014" id="987">〔五〕</a>，唯僧<span class="zhuanming">崇憲</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1015" id="988">〔六〕</a>醫效，帝悦，賜緋袍魚袋。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">賜緋魚袋，唯<span class="zhuanming">憲</span>一人。</span> <span>又<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>二十年九月中，<span class="zhuanming">波斯王</span>遣大德僧<span class="zhuanming">及烈</span>至<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>，</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">及烈</span>，僧名。</span> <span>敕賜紫袈裟一副﹑帛五十匹，遣還本國<a class="zhuhao" href="#1016" id="989">〔七〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>末，沙門<span class="zhuanming">道平</span>住<span class="zhuanming">金城縣</span>寺，遇<span class="zhuanming">禄山</span>逆亂，<span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span>幸<span class="zhuanming">蜀</span>，<span class="zhuanming">肅宗</span>過寺，<span class="zhuanming">平</span>懇勸論兵<span class="zhuanming">靈武</span>，收復<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>。<span class="zhuanming">肅宗</span>遂以兵屬之，用爲左金吾大將軍。至<span class="zhuanming">臨皋</span>，遇賊大戰，累次立功。後還，乞爲僧，敕配<span class="zhuanming">崇福</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">興慶</span>兩寺，賜紫衣，入内奏對爲常<a class="zhuhao" href="#1017" id="990">〔八〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span><span class="zhuanming">永泰</span>年中，<span class="zhuanming">章敬寺</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">崇慧</span>與道士角術告勝，中官<span class="zhuanming">鞏庭玉</span>宣賜紫衣一副<a class="zhuhao" href="#1018" id="991">〔九〕</a>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">除魚袋也。</span> <span>次<span class="zhuanming">鎮國寺</span><span class="zhuanming">梵</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">紀陀</span>，年六百歲，臨終，遣弟子奉衣鉢上皇帝，敕賜紫衣焉<a class="zhuhao" href="#1019" id="992">〔一○〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">德宗</span>歸心<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，詔法師<span class="zhuanming">端甫</span>入内殿，與儒道論義，賜紫方袍<a class="zhuhao" href="#1020" id="993">〔一一〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">順宗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">憲宗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">穆宗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">文宗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">武宗</span>，皆行此賜。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">尋僧名，未見耳。</span> <span><span class="shuming">東觀奏記</span>曰：<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">大安國寺</span><span class="zhuanming">釋修會</span>能詩，嘗應制，才思清拔。一日，聞<a class="zhuhao" href="#1021" id="994">〔一二〕</a>帝乞紫<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00160','1726561',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P160</span></i>衣，帝曰：「不於汝吝耶！觀若相有缺然，故未賜也。」及賜歸寺，暴疾而卒<a class="zhuhao" href="#1022" id="995">〔一三〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>四年六月二十二日降誕節，内殿禪大德並賜紫，<span class="zhuanming">追福院</span>主<span class="zhuanming">宗茝</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1023" id="996">〔一四〕</a>亦賜紫。次有<span class="zhuanming">沙州</span>巡禮僧<span class="zhuanming">悟真</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1024" id="997">〔一五〕</a>至京，及大德<span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1025" id="998">〔一六〕</a>勾當藏經，各賜紫。又<span class="zhuanming">法乾寺</span>都檢校僧<span class="zhuanming">從暕</span>賜紫<a class="zhuhao" href="#1026" id="999">〔一七〕</a>。帝幸<span class="zhuanming">莊嚴寺</span>禮佛牙，<span class="zhuanming">靈慧</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1027" id="1000">〔一八〕</a><span class="zhuanming">律師</span>賜紫，<span class="zhuanming">崇福寺</span><span class="zhuanming">叡川</span>賜紫<a class="zhuhao" href="#1028" id="1001">〔一九〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">懿宗</span><span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>四年，有<span class="zhuanming">西涼府</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">法信</span>進<span class="shuming">百法論疏抄</span>，勘實賜紫<a class="zhuhao" href="#1029" id="1002">〔二○〕</a>。十一年十一月十四日延慶節，兩街僧道赴内，於<span class="zhuanming">麟德殿</span>講論，<span class="zhuanming">可孚</span>賜紫<a class="zhuhao" href="#1030" id="1003">〔二一〕</a>。又<span class="zhuanming">日本國</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">圓載</span>住<span class="zhuanming">西明寺</span>，辭迴本國，賜紫遣還<a class="zhuhao" href="#1031" id="1004">〔二二〕</a>。十二年延慶節，内殿講論，左街<span class="zhuanming">清韻</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">思禮</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">雲卿</span>等五人，右街<span class="zhuanming">幼章</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧暉</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">清遠</span>等四人，並賜紫<a class="zhuhao" href="#1032" id="1005">〔二三〕</a>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">尋街分各賜紫衣，自<span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>始也。</span> <span><span class="zhuanming">僖宗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">昭宗</span>賜諸道所薦僧紫衣，極多不録。<span class="zhuanming">梁祖</span><span class="zhuanming">乾化</span>元年十一月，有<span class="zhuanming">迴紇</span>入朝僧<span class="zhuanming">凝盧</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宜李思</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宜延籛</span>等，各賜紫還蕃<a class="zhuhao" href="#1033" id="1006">〔二四〕</a>。又<span class="zhuanming">潭州</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">法思</span>，<span class="zhuanming">桂州</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">歸真</span>，面乞賜紫<a class="zhuhao" href="#1034" id="1007">〔二五〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">莊宗</span>喜賜僧紫衣，<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">周</span>皆爾，今<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span>唯誕節賜也。其或内道場僧已著紫，又賜紫羅衣三事，謂之重賜。若偏霸諸國，賜與亦同。<span class="zhuanming">僞蜀</span>時，<span class="zhuanming">雲南國</span>遣内供奉﹑<span class="zhuanming">崇聖寺</span>主﹑賜紫銀鉢僧充通好使焉<a class="zhuhao" href="#1035" id="1008">〔二六〕</a>。後蠻土<a class="zhuhao" href="#1036" id="1009">〔二七〕</a>有上者，賜金鉢，猶<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>賜銀魚也。<span class="zhuanming">倭國</span>則賜僧傳燈法師之號。<span class="zhuanming">高麗</span>賜僧紫衣，則以金銀鉤施於紉上，甄别高下也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#983" id="1010">〔一〕</a>命：底本作「薜」，據餘諸本改。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00161','1726561',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P161</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#984" id="1011">〔二〕</a>按：「法朗」<span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>作「法明」。<span class="zhuanming">法朗</span>，<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷二四有傳；<span class="zhuanming">法明</span>，<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一七有傳。九人，參見卷中「内道場」條注七。<span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一八三<span class="shuming">外戚傳</span><span class="shuming">薛懷義傳</span>云：「<span class="zhuanming">懷義</span>與<span class="zhuanming">法明</span>等造<span class="shuming">大雲經</span>，陳符命，言<span class="zhuanming">則天</span>是<span class="zhuanming">彌勒</span>下生，作<span class="zhuanming">閻浮提</span>主，<span class="zhuanming">唐氏</span>合微。故<span class="zhuanming">則天</span>革命稱<span class="zhuanming">周</span>，<span class="zhuanming">懷義</span>與<span class="zhuanming">法明</span>等九人並封縣公，賜物有差，皆賜紫袈娑﹑銀龜袋。其僞<span class="shuming">大雲經</span>頒於天下，寺各藏一本，令升高座講説。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#985" id="1012">〔三〕</a>按：關於<span class="shuming">大雲經</span>之真僞，現在學者一般認爲：兩<span class="shuming">唐書</span>所記<span class="zhuanming">薛懷義</span>等造<span class="shuming">大雲經</span>，實爲造<span class="shuming">大雲經疏</span>。詳參<span class="zhuanming">矢吹慶輝</span><span class="shuming">三階教之研究</span>（<span class="zhuanming">岩波書店</span>，一九二七），<span class="zhuanming">王國維</span><span class="shuming">唐寫本大雲經跋</span>（見<span class="shuming">觀堂集林</span>，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>）﹑<span class="zhuanming">陳寅恪</span><span class="shuming">武曌與佛教</span>（<span class="shuming">金明館叢稿二編</span>，<span class="zhuanming">上海古籍出版社</span>）﹑<span class="zhuanming">湯用彤</span><span class="shuming">隋唐佛教史稿</span>（<span class="zhuanming">北京大學出版社</span>）﹑<span class="zhuanming">林世田</span><span class="shuming">大雲經疏初步研究</span>（<span class="shuming">文獻</span>，二○○二年第四期）等。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#986" id="1013">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四○<span class="shuming">法運通塞志第十七之七</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">中宗</span><span class="zhuanming">神龍</span>二年）二月，敕造<span class="zhuanming">聖善寺</span>。沙門<span class="zhuanming">慧範</span>補正議大夫，封<span class="zhuanming">上庸郡公</span>。<span class="zhuanming">法藏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧珍</span>九人，並朝大夫，封縣公，官給奉禄，一同正員。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#987" id="1014">〔五〕</a>旁午：交横，交錯。<span class="shuming">漢書</span>卷六八<span class="shuming">霍光傳</span>：「受璽以來二十七日，使者旁午，持節詔諸官署徵發。」<span class="zhuanming">顔師古</span>注：「一從一横爲旁午，猶言交横也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#988" id="1015">〔六〕</a>崇憲：<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>元年立<span class="zhuanming">靈岩寺</span>碑，提及<span class="zhuanming">崇憲</span>，可知其爲<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>間<span class="zhuanming">靈岩寺</span>僧。<span class="zhuanming">李邕</span><span class="shuming">靈岩寺碑頌並序</span>：「上座僧<span class="zhuanming">玄景</span>﹑都維那僧<span class="zhuanming">克祥</span>﹑寺主<span class="zhuanming">安禪</span>，或上首解空，或出□□義。僧<span class="zhuanming">崇憲</span>﹑僧<span class="zhuanming">羅睺</span>﹑僧<span class="zhuanming">零莢</span>﹑僧<span class="zhuanming">月光</span>﹑僧<span class="zhuanming">智海</span>﹑僧<span class="zhuanming">□□</span>等，永言悟人，大啓津梁，咸高梯有憑，勝宅自照。」但<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00162','1726561',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P162</span></i>未見其爲<span class="zhuanming">寧王</span>療疾者。故此「崇憲」，或爲僧<span class="zhuanming">崇一</span>與<span class="zhuanming">寧王</span><span class="zhuanming">李憲</span>名字的誤合。<span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷九五<span class="shuming">諸王傳</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>）二十八年冬，<span class="zhuanming">憲</span>寢疾，上令中使送醫藥及珍膳，相望於路，僧<span class="zhuanming">崇一</span>療<span class="zhuanming">憲</span>稍瘳，上大悦，特賜緋袍魚袋，以賞異<span class="zhuanming">崇一</span>。」此事亦見於<span class="shuming">新唐書</span>卷八一<span class="shuming">諸王傳</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">憲</span>）後有疾，護醫將膳，騎相望也。僧<span class="zhuanming">崇一</span>者療之，少損，帝喜甚，賜緋袍﹑銀魚。」僧<span class="zhuanming">崇一</span>，和下文<span class="zhuanming">及烈</span>都當爲景教僧。<span class="zhuanming">陳垣</span><span class="shuming">基督教入華史</span>：「據<span class="shuming">唐書</span><span class="shuming">諸王傳</span>，<span class="zhuanming">明皇</span>長兄名<span class="zhuanming">憲</span>，患病，請僧<span class="zhuanming">崇一</span>醫之。病霍然愈，乃大賞之，我在高僧傳中，找不著一僧名<span class="zhuanming">崇一</span>者。考僧中一字輩極少。<span class="zhuanming">唐代</span>曾有以一置之名上者，如<span class="zhuanming">一行</span>等，然以一列下者，則遍找不得（校注者按：<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一○有<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">洪州</span><span class="zhuanming">開元寺</span><span class="zhuanming">道一</span>，卷一九有<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">福州</span><span class="zhuanming">鐘山</span><span class="zhuanming">如一</span>，卷二九有<span class="zhuanming">智一</span>等）。由此我想<span class="zhuanming">崇一</span>乃景教僧。另外一個證據，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>年間有將名<span class="zhuanming">杜環</span>者，乃著<span class="shuming">通典</span><span class="zhuanming">杜佑</span>之同族。他隨了<span class="zhuanming">高麗</span>人<span class="zhuanming">高仙芝</span>征<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>，不幸大敗而被俘。後釋放，經海道回國，著<span class="shuming">經行記</span>，述沿途所見所聞，及各教情形，講回教最詳，中有一段説<span class="zhuanming">大秦</span>法善醫。的確，<span class="zhuanming">聶斯托裏</span>派是負有醫名的。我們看凡在教堂旁，總有醫院一所，至今猶然。由此我們決定，僧<span class="zhuanming">崇一</span>乃景教僧無疑。」（<span class="shuming">陳垣學術論文集</span>第一集，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，第九七頁。）</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#989" id="1016">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">册府元龜</span>卷九七一：「<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>二十年九月，<span class="zhuanming">波斯王</span>遣首領<span class="zhuanming">潘那蜜</span>與大德僧<span class="zhuanming">及烈</span>朝貢。」又卷九七五：「<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>二十年八月庚戌，<span class="zhuanming">波斯王</span>遣首領<span class="zhuanming">潘那蜜</span>與大德僧<span class="zhuanming">及烈</span>來朝。授首領爲果毅，賜僧紫袈裟一副及帛五十匹，放還蕃。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00163','1726561',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P163</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#990" id="1017">〔八〕</a>按：此事正史不見有載。<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四○<span class="shuming">法運通塞志第十七之七</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">至德</span>元載正月，<span class="zhuanming">范陽</span>節度使<span class="zhuanming">安禄山</span>反。五月，<span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span>﹑太子﹑百官發<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>，將幸<span class="zhuanming">蜀</span>。至<span class="zhuanming">馬嵬</span>，百姓數千人請太子留，東破賊室。<span class="zhuanming">金城</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">道平</span>，力勸議兵<span class="zhuanming">靈武</span>，以圖收復。遂以<span class="zhuanming">平</span>爲金吾大將軍，至<span class="zhuanming">臨皋</span>，屢與賊戰，大破之。事定行封，<span class="zhuanming">平</span>固辭，乃敕住<span class="zhuanming">崇福</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">興慶</span>二寺，賜紫衣金帛。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#991" id="1018">〔九〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一七<span class="shuming">唐京師章信寺崇惠傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋崇惠</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">章氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">杭州</span>人也。……三年戊申歲九月二十三日，<span class="zhuanming">太清宫</span>道士<span class="zhuanming">史華</span>上奏，請與<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>宗當代名流角佛力道法勝負。于時<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>欽尚空門，異道憤其偏重，故有是請也。遂於<span class="zhuanming">東明觀</span>壇前架刀成梯，<span class="zhuanming">史華</span>登躡如常磴道焉。時緇伍互相顧望推排，且無敢躡者。<span class="zhuanming">惠</span>聞之，謁開府<span class="zhuanming">魚朝恩</span>，<span class="zhuanming">魚</span>奏請於<span class="zhuanming">章信寺</span>庭樹梯，横架鋒刃，若霜雪然，增高百尺。<span class="zhuanming">東明</span>之梯，極爲低下。時朝廷公貴﹑市肆居民，駢足摩肩而觀此舉。時<span class="zhuanming">惠</span>徒跣登級下層，有如坦路，曾無難色。復蹈烈火，手探油湯，仍餐鐵葉，號爲餺飥，或嚼釘線，聲猶脆飴。<span class="zhuanming">史華</span>怯懼慚惶，掩袂而退。時衆彈指歎嗟，聲若雷響。帝遣中官<span class="zhuanming">鞏庭玉</span>宣慰再三，便賷賜紫方袍一副焉。詔授鴻臚卿，號曰<span class="zhuanming">護國三藏</span>，敕移<span class="zhuanming">安國寺</span>居之。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#992" id="1019">〔一○〕</a>按：紀陀，當爲「純陀」之誤。<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷二九<span class="shuming">唐京兆鎮國寺純陀傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋純陀</span>者，本<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>人也，<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>名無由翻就<span class="zhuanming">華</span>言也。從遊京邑，人所欽重。<span class="zhuanming">上元</span>中，便云東渡，人見之，顔容若童稚之色，言已年六百歲矣。或謂爲八十歲人也。言談氣壯，舉動不衰。<span class="zhuanming">代宗皇帝</span>聞之，詔<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00164','1726561',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P164</span></i>入，禮遇極豐，俾求留年之道。<span class="zhuanming">陀</span>曰：『心神好静，今爲塵境汩之，何從冥寂乎？若離簡静外，欲望留年，如登木采芙蕖，其可得乎？陛下欲長年，由簡潔安神。神安則壽永，寡慾則身安。術斯已往，貧道所不知也。』帝由是篤重之。以<span class="zhuanming">永泰</span>三年預知必逝，遣弟子齎衣鉢進上，帝賜弟子紫衣。<span class="zhuanming">陀</span>終于<span class="zhuanming">鎮國寺</span>焉。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#993" id="1020">〔一一〕</a>參卷中「左右街僧録」條注八。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#994" id="1021">〔一二〕</a>聞：<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本作「向」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#995" id="1022">〔一三〕</a>按：修會，<span class="shuming">東觀奏記</span>作「從晦」。<span class="shuming">東觀奏記</span>卷下曰：「僧<span class="zhuanming">從晦</span>住<span class="zhuanming">安國寺</span>，道行高潔，兼工詩，以文章應制。上每擇劇韻令賦，亦多稱旨。<span class="zhuanming">晦</span>積年供奉，望紫方袍之賜，以耀法門。上兩召至殿上，謂之曰：『朕不惜一副紫袈裟與師，但師頭耳稍薄，恐不勝耳。』竟不之賜。<span class="zhuanming">晦</span>悒悒而終。」<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二：「（<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>二年）<span class="zhuanming">安國寺</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">修會</span>，以能詩應制，嘗從上乞紫衣。上曰：『不於汝吝，但汝相有闕故耳。』及賜，一夕暴亡。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#996" id="1023">〔一四〕</a>宗茝：<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>時期的名僧。<span class="zhuanming">敦煌</span>遺書<span class="zhuanming">伯</span>三七二○寫卷有其<span class="shuming">七言美瓜沙僧獻款詩二首</span>，題署曰「右街<span class="zhuanming">千福寺</span>内道場表白兼應制賜紫大德」。是與<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>五年赴京入奏的<span class="zhuanming">沙州</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">悟真</span>的酬贈詩。參下注。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#997" id="1024">〔一五〕</a>悟真：俗姓<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>，曾隨其師<span class="zhuanming">洪辯</span>參與<span class="zhuanming">張議潮</span>驅逐<span class="zhuanming">吐蕃</span>﹑收復<span class="zhuanming">瓜</span><span class="zhuanming">沙</span>的活動，後充<span class="zhuanming">沙州</span>義學都法師。<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>五年，赴京奏事，五月二十一日，敕授京城臨壇大德並賜紫衣。<span class="zhuanming">悟真</span>生平，詳參<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00165','1726561',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P165</span></i><span class="zhuanming">陳祚龍</span><span class="shuming">敦煌寫本洪辯悟真等告身校注</span>（載<span class="shuming">敦煌資料考屑</span>，<span class="zhuanming">臺灣</span><span class="zhuanming">商務印書館</span>，一九七九年）﹑<span class="zhuanming">張先堂</span><span class="shuming">敦煌寫本悟真與京僧朝官酬贈詩新校</span>（載<span class="shuming">周紹良先生欣開九秩慶壽文集</span>，<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>，一九九七年）等。其<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>五年入京事，詳參<span class="zhuanming">伏俊璉先生</span><span class="shuming">唐代敦煌高僧悟真入長安事考略</span>（載<span class="shuming">敦煌研究</span>，二○一○年第三期）等。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#998" id="1025">〔一六〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一七<span class="shuming">唐京兆福壽寺玄暢傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋玄暢</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">申之</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">陳氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宣城</span>人也。……<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>於<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>中，凡遇誕辰入内談論，即賜紫袈裟，充内外臨壇大德。<span class="zhuanming">懿宗</span>欽其宿德，蕃錫屢臻，乃奏修<span class="shuming">加懺悔一萬五千佛名經</span>，又奏請<span class="shuming">本生心地觀經</span>一部八卷，皆入藏。<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>時充<span class="zhuanming">追福院</span>首領，又充<span class="zhuanming">總持寺</span>都維那，尋署上座。<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>講律六十座，度法者數千人，撰<span class="shuming">顯正記</span>一十卷，<span class="shuming">科六帖名義圖</span>三卷，<span class="shuming">三寶五運</span>三卷。雖祖述舊聞，標題新目，義出意表，文濟時須。<span class="zhuanming">乾符</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">懿宗</span>簡自上心，特賜師號曰『法寶』。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#999" id="1026">〔一七〕</a>法乾寺：<span class="zhuanming">唐宣宗</span>以舊藩邸造。<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">唐彭州丹景山知玄傳</span>：「時<span class="zhuanming">楊給事</span><span class="zhuanming">漢公</span>廉問<span class="zhuanming">桂嶺</span>，延止<span class="zhuanming">開元佛寺</span>。屬<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>龍飛，<span class="zhuanming">楊公</span>自内樞統左禁軍，以册定功高，請復興<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>教。奏乞，訪<span class="zhuanming">玄</span>聲迹，<span class="zhuanming">玄</span>復挂壞衣，歸上國<span class="zhuanming">寶應寺</span>，屬壽昌節講讚，賜紫袈裟，署爲三教首座。帝以舊藩邸造<span class="zhuanming">法乾寺</span>，詔<span class="zhuanming">玄</span>居寺之<span class="zhuanming">玉虚亭</span>。<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>三年誕節，詔諫議<span class="zhuanming">李貽孫</span>﹑給事<span class="zhuanming">楊漢公</span>，緇黄鼎列論義，大悦帝情。因奏天下廢寺基，各敕重建。大興<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>刹，<span class="zhuanming">玄</span>有力焉。命畫工圖形于禁中，其優重如是。與相國<span class="zhuanming">裴公</span><span class="zhuanming">休</span>友善，同激揚中興教法事。」<span class="zhuanming">從暕</span>及其賜紫，未見它<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00166','1726561',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P166</span></i>書。疑或即<span class="zhuanming">從諫</span>之誤。<span class="zhuanming">從諫</span>，<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一二有傳，爲<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">洛京</span><span class="zhuanming">廣愛寺</span>僧，<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>滅佛後，<span class="zhuanming">諫</span>烏帽麻衣，潛于<span class="zhuanming">皇甫氏</span>之温泉别業。<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>初，<span class="zhuanming">宣皇</span>詔興<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，還歸<span class="zhuanming">洛邑</span>舊居。然既不見其居<span class="zhuanming">法乾寺</span>，亦不見其賜紫。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1000" id="1027">〔一八〕</a>按：靈慧，<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>作「慧靈」。參下注。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1001" id="1028">〔一九〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一六<span class="shuming">唐京兆聖壽寺慧靈傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋慧靈</span>，未詳何許人也。……<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>七年，<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>幸<span class="zhuanming">莊嚴寺</span>禮佛牙，登大塔，宣問耆年，乃賜紫衣。其年六月，敕補<span class="zhuanming">靈</span>爲新寺上座矣。帝望寺西北廢<span class="zhuanming">總持寺</span>，乃下敕曰：『朕以政閑賞景，幸于<span class="zhuanming">莊嚴</span>。其寺複殿重廊，連甍比棟，幽房祕宇，窈窕疏通。密竹翠松，垂陰擢秀，行而迷道，天下<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>宫，高明寡匹。當建之時，以京城西<span class="zhuanming">昆明池</span>勢微下，乃建木浮圖高三百尺。藩邸之時遊此伽藍，覩斯勝事。其<span class="zhuanming">總持寺</span><span class="zhuanming">大業</span>中立，規制與<span class="zhuanming">莊嚴寺</span>正同。今容像則毁，忍草隨荒，香徑蕪侵，尚存基址。其寺宜許重建，以副予心。』三月十一日，令三教首座<span class="zhuanming">辯章</span>勾當修寺。及畢工，推<span class="zhuanming">靈</span>爲綱任，<span class="zhuanming">崇聖寺</span>賜紫<span class="zhuanming">叡川</span>充寺主，<span class="zhuanming">福壽寺</span>臨壇大德賜紫<span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span>充都維那。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1002" id="1029">〔二○〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">唐京師西明寺乘恩傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋乘恩</span>，不知何許人也。……及<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>末，<span class="zhuanming">關中</span>版蕩，因避地<span class="zhuanming">姑臧</span>。旅泊之間，嗟彼密邇<span class="zhuanming">羌虜</span>之封，極尚經論之學。<span class="zhuanming">恩</span>化其内衆，勉其成功，深染<span class="zhuanming">華</span>風，悉登義府。自是重撰<span class="shuming">百法論疏</span>并<span class="shuming">鈔</span>，<span class="zhuanming">行</span>于西土。其<span class="shuming">疏</span>祖<span class="zhuanming">慈恩</span>而宗<span class="zhuanming">潞府</span>，大抵同而少聞異，終後弟子傳布。迨<span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>四年三月中，<span class="zhuanming">西涼</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">法信</span>精研此道，禀本道節度使<span class="zhuanming">張義<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00167','1726561',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P167</span></i>潮</span>表進<span class="zhuanming">恩</span>之著述，敕令兩街三學大德等詳定，實堪行用。敕依，其僧賜紫衣，充本道大德焉。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1003" id="1030">〔二一〕</a>可孚：參見下「賜師號」條注六。又，疑與「有孚」爲同一人，「可」與「有」形近。<span class="zhuanming">有孚</span>，生平不詳，<span class="zhuanming">敦煌</span>遺書<span class="zhuanming">伯</span>三八八六﹑<span class="zhuanming">斯</span>四六五四寫卷有其詩一首，題署曰：「内供奉文章應制大德<span class="zhuanming">有孚</span>。」<span class="zhuanming">陳尚君</span><span class="shuming">全唐詩續拾</span>卷三○曰：「<span class="zhuanming">有孚</span>，疑即<span class="shuming">全唐詩</span>﹑<span class="shuming">全唐詩補逸</span>已收之<span class="zhuanming">元孚</span>。<span class="zhuanming">元孚</span><span class="zhuanming">大中</span>間自署爲『上都左街<span class="zhuanming">保壽寺</span>文章應制内供奉』，與<span class="zhuanming">有孚</span>所署合。元﹑有二字音亦相近，疑有鈔誤。」按：<span class="zhuanming">元孚</span>，<span class="shuming">全唐詩</span>卷八二三收詩兩首，小傳云：「<span class="zhuanming">元孚</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宣城</span><span class="zhuanming">開元寺</span>僧，與<span class="zhuanming">許渾</span>同時。或曰<span class="zhuanming">楚</span>中僧。」<span class="zhuanming">孫望</span><span class="shuming">全唐詩補逸</span>卷一八補一首，按語云：「詩下原署曰：『上都左街<span class="zhuanming">保壽寺</span>文章應制内供奉大德<span class="zhuanming">元孚</span>。』又<span class="shuming">寶劍叢編</span>卷一五有<span class="shuming">唐福田寺經藏院記</span>，云<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">崔龜從</span>撰，僧<span class="zhuanming">元孚</span>書，<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>二年立。則<span class="zhuanming">元孚</span>者，<span class="zhuanming">武宗</span>時人也。」<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二：「（<span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>十一年）十一月延慶節，敕兩街入<span class="zhuanming">麟德殿</span>講論佛法，賜左街僧録<span class="zhuanming">清蘭</span><span class="zhuanming">慧照大師</span>，右街僧録<span class="zhuanming">彦楚</span><span class="zhuanming">明徹大師</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1004" id="1031">〔二二〕</a>圓載：<span class="zhuanming">唐文宗</span><span class="zhuanming">開成</span>三年與<span class="zhuanming">圓仁</span>同船入<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>求法。據<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷三○<span class="shuming">唐天台山禪林寺廣脩傳</span>，<span class="zhuanming">圓載</span>於<span class="zhuanming">開成</span>三年至<span class="zhuanming">天台山</span><span class="zhuanming">禪林寺</span><span class="zhuanming">廣脩法師</span>處請法。其後住<span class="zhuanming">長安</span><span class="zhuanming">西明寺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">皮日休</span><span class="shuming">送圓載上人歸日本國</span>詩，首云「講殿談餘著賜衣，椰帆却返舊禪扉」，可證「辭迴本國，賜紫遣還」。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00168','1726561',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P168</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1005" id="1032">〔二三〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">咸通</span>十二年延慶節内殿講論及賜紫，參見卷中「左右街僧録」條及注。這裏所及數僧，未見他書，俟考。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1006" id="1033">〔二四〕</a><span class="shuming">舊五代史</span>卷一三八<span class="shuming">外國列傳</span><span class="shuming">回鶻傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">乾化</span>元年十一月，遣都督<span class="zhuanming">周易言</span>等入朝進貢，<span class="zhuanming">太祖</span>御<span class="zhuanming">朝元殿</span>引對，以<span class="zhuanming">易言</span>爲右監門衛大將軍同正，以<span class="zhuanming">石壽兒</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">石論思</span>並爲右千牛衛將軍同正，仍以左監門衛將軍<span class="zhuanming">楊沼</span>充押領<span class="zhuanming">回鶻</span>還蕃使，通事舍人<span class="zhuanming">仇玄通</span>爲判官，厚賜繒帛，放令歸國，又賜其入朝僧<span class="zhuanming">凝盧</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宜李思</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宜延籛</span>等紫衣。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1007" id="1034">〔二五〕</a><span class="shuming">舊五代史</span>卷六<span class="shuming">太祖紀第六</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">乾化</span>元年）六月乙卯……（<span class="zhuanming">太祖</span>）詔修<span class="zhuanming">天宫佛寺</span>。又，<span class="zhuanming">湖南</span>奏：『<span class="zhuanming">潭州</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">法思</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">桂州</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">歸真</span>並乞賜紫衣。』從之。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1008" id="1035">〔二六〕</a>「崇聖寺主」，當即<span class="zhuanming">玄鑒</span>。按：<span class="shuming">藏外佛教文獻</span>第七輯<span class="shuming">護國司南抄</span>，其題解曰：「<span class="shuming">護國司南抄</span>，<span class="zhuanming">中國</span><span class="zhuanming">雲南</span>僧人所編纂的<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>傳佛教經典疏釋。纂集者爲<span class="zhuanming">雲南</span><span class="zhuanming">大長和國</span>内供奉僧﹑<span class="zhuanming">崇聖寺</span>主﹑義學教主﹑賜紫沙門<span class="zhuanming">玄鑒</span>。」「<span class="zhuanming">玄鑒</span>纂集該文獻的時間爲<span class="zhuanming">雲南</span><span class="zhuanming">大長和國</span><span class="zhuanming">安國</span>六年。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1009" id="1036">〔二七〕</a>土：底本作「士」，據<span class="zhuanming">淺野</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
内齋
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138085" key="1138085"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 誕辰談論 &gt; 内齋 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138086" key="1138086"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00157','1726560',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P157</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000117"><b>内齋</b></p><p> <span>皇帝誕日，詔選高德僧入内殿，賜食加厚嚫。尋文，起於<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>之間，多延上達，用徼福壽。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>自<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>置内道場，每年降聖節召名僧入飯嚫，謂之内齋。及<span class="zhuanming">文宗</span><span class="zhuanming">大和</span>七年十月，改慶成節，敕停僧道内齋<a class="zhuhao" href="#978" id="973">〔一〕</a>。至<span class="zhuanming">武宗</span>初年，重置内道場，并設内齋，僧道獻壽。<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>四年六月，停内齋及内<span class="zhuanming">長生道場</span>。<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>即位元年六月二十二日，敕復置内齋，許僧道獻壽。<span class="zhuanming">梁祖</span><span class="zhuanming">開平</span>三年大明節日，帝御<span class="zhuanming">文明殿</span>，設僧齋，宰臣﹑翰林學士預之<a class="zhuhao" href="#979" id="974">〔二〕</a>。我<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span>皇帝誕節，兩街僧録﹑道録﹑首座并公薦兩街分僧賜紫衣師號了，便同賜齋<a class="zhuhao" href="#980" id="975">〔三〕</a>。又聞<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">周</span>帝生日，設百僧。後量減<a class="zhuhao" href="#981" id="976">〔四〕</a>，令<a class="zhuhao" href="#982" id="977">〔五〕</a>數人而已。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#973" id="978">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一七<span class="shuming">文宗紀下</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">大和</span>七年冬十月）壬辰，上降誕日，僧徒﹑道士講論于<span class="zhuanming">麟德殿</span>。翌日，御<span class="zhuanming">延英</span>，上謂宰臣曰：『降誕日設齋，起自近代。朕緣相承已久，未可便革，雖置齋會，唯對<span class="zhuanming">王源中</span>等暫入殿，至僧道講論，都不監聽。』宰相<span class="zhuanming">路隨</span>等奏：『誕日齋會，誠資景<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00158','1726560',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P158</span></i>福，本非<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>教法。臣伏見<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>十七年<span class="zhuanming">張説</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">源乾曜</span>請以誕日爲千秋節，内外宴樂，以慶昌期，頗爲得禮。』上深然之，宰臣因請十月十日爲慶成節上誕日也。從之。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#974" id="979">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">舊五代史</span>卷五<span class="shuming">太祖紀五</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">開平</span>三年）十月癸未，大明節，帝御<span class="zhuanming">文明殿</span>，設齋僧道，召宰臣﹑翰林學士預之，諸道節度﹑刺史及内外諸司使咸有進獻。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#975" id="980">〔三〕</a>參下「賜師號」條。又<span class="shuming">釋氏稽古略</span>卷四引<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>曰：「春二月十六日，帝長春節，詔許四海僧上表入殿，庭比試三學。下<span class="zhuanming">開封府</span>功德使差僧證經律論義十條，全通者賜紫衣，號手表僧。至<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span><span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>四年，功德使奏：下一家不須手表。自此皇帝誕日，宰輔﹑親王﹑監司﹑刺史各薦所知三學僧。惟兩街僧録所薦者，是日入内，授門下牒，謂之簾前師號，仍給紫衣，謂之簾前紫衣。分賜訖，便同賜齋。自餘王侯薦者，間日方出。節制廉問，牧守則又轉降而賜焉。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#976" id="981">〔四〕</a>減：底本作「滅」，據<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#977" id="982">〔五〕</a>令：<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本作「今」。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
注經
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv374226" key="374226"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 注經 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138088" key="1138088"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00048','1726523',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P48</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000046">注經</p><p> <span>乍翻法語，未貫凡情，既重譯而乃通，更究文而暢理，故箋法作焉。沈隱之義，指掌可知矣。<span class="shuming">五運圖</span>云：<span class="zhuanming">康僧會</span><span class="zhuanming">吴</span><span class="zhuanming">赤烏</span>年中，注<span class="shuming">法鏡經</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#375" id="373">〔一〕</a>。此注經之始也。又<span class="zhuanming">道安</span>重注<span class="shuming">了本生死經</span>，云「<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>初有<span class="zhuanming">河南</span><span class="zhuanming">支恭明</span>爲作注解」<a class="zhuhao" href="#376" id="374">〔二〕</a>。若然者，南注則<span class="zhuanming">康僧會</span>居初，北注則<span class="zhuanming">支恭明</span>爲先矣。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#373" id="375">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">康僧會傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">會</span>於<span class="zhuanming">建初寺</span>譯出衆經，所謂<span class="shuming">阿難念彌</span>﹑<span class="shuming">鏡面王</span>﹑<span class="shuming">察微王</span>﹑<span class="shuming">梵皇經</span>等，又出<span class="shuming">小品</span>及<span class="shuming">六度集</span>﹑<span class="shuming">雜譬喻</span>等，並妙得經體，文義允正。又傳泥洹唄聲，清靡哀亮，一代模式。又注<span class="shuming">安般守意</span>﹑<span class="shuming">法鏡</span>﹑<span class="shuming">道樹</span>等三經，并製經序。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#374" id="376">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一三<span class="shuming">支謙傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">支謙</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">恭明</span>，一名<span class="zhuanming">越</span>，<span class="zhuanming">大月支</span>人也。……從<span class="zhuanming">黄武</span>元年至<span class="zhuanming">建興</span>中，所出<span class="shuming">維摩詰</span>﹑<span class="shuming">大般泥洹</span>﹑<span class="shuming">法句</span>﹑<span class="shuming">瑞應本起</span>等二十七經，曲得聖義，辭旨文雅。又依<span class="shuming">無量壽</span>﹑<span class="shuming">中本起經</span>，製讚菩薩連句梵唄三契，注<span class="shuming">了本生死經</span>，皆行於世。」又卷六<span class="zhuanming">釋道安</span><span class="shuming">了本<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00049','1726523',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P49</span></i>生死經序</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">魏代</span>之初，有高士<span class="zhuanming">河南</span><span class="zhuanming">支恭明</span>爲作注解，探玄暢滯，真可謂入室者矣。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
結社法集
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138091" key="1138091"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 結社法集 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138092" key="1138092"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00185','1726567',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P185</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000131">結社法集</p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">宋</span>間，有<span class="zhuanming">廬山</span><span class="zhuanming">慧遠法師</span>，化行<span class="zhuanming">潯陽</span>，高士逸人，輻湊于<span class="zhuanming">東林</span>，皆願結香火。時<span class="zhuanming">雷次宗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宗炳</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">張詮</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">劉遺民</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">周續之</span>等，共結白蓮華社，立<span class="zhuanming">彌陀</span>像，求願往生安養國，謂之蓮社<a class="zhuhao" href="#1136" id="1131">〔一〕</a>。社之名，始於此也。<span class="zhuanming">齊</span><span class="zhuanming">竟陵文宣王</span>募僧俗行浄住法<a class="zhuhao" href="#1137" id="1132">〔二〕</a>，亦浄住社也。<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">僧祐</span>曾撰<span class="shuming">法社建功德邑會文</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1138" id="1133">〔三〕</a>。歷代以來，成就僧寺，爲法會社也。社之法，以衆輕成一重，濟事成功，莫近於社。今之結社，共作福因，條約嚴明，愈於公法。行人互相激勵，勤於修證，則社有生善之功大矣。近聞<span class="zhuanming">周</span><span class="zhuanming">鄭</span>之地，邑社多結守庚申<a class="zhuhao" href="#1139" id="1134">〔四〕</a>會，初集鳴鐃鈸，唱佛歌讚，衆人念佛行道，或動絲竹，一夕不睡，以避三<span class="zhuanming">彭</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1140" id="1135">〔五〕</a>奏上帝，免注罪奪算也。然此實道家之法，往往有無知<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>子，入會圖謀小利，會不尋其根本。誤行邪法，深可痛哉！</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1131" id="1136">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">釋氏要覽</span>卷上「蓮社」條：「昔<span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">慧遠法師</span>，</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu"><span class="zhuanming">唐宣宗</span>謚<span class="zhuanming">大覺法師</span>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">雁門</span>人，住<span class="zhuanming">廬山</span><span class="zhuanming">虎溪</span><span class="zhuanming">東林寺</span>，招賢士<span class="zhuanming">劉遺民</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宗炳</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">雷次宗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">張野</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">張詮</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">周續之</span>等爲會，修西方浄業。彼院多植白蓮。又<span class="zhuanming">彌陀佛</span>國，以蓮華分九品，次第接人，故稱蓮社。有云嘉此社人不爲名利淤泥所污，喻如蓮華，故名之。有云<span class="zhuanming">遠公</span>有弟子名<span class="zhuanming">法要</span>，刻木爲十二葉蓮華，植於水中，用機關，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00186','1726567',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P186</span></i>凡拆一葉是一時，與刻漏無差，俾禮念不失正時，或因此名之。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1132" id="1137">〔二〕</a>浄住：即布薩。<span class="zhuanming">玄應</span>撰<span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷一四：「懺悔，此言訛略也。書無懺字，應言叉磨，此云忍，謂容恕我罪也。半月叉磨增長戒根。逋沙他，此云增長，戒名鉢羅帝提舍耶寐，此云我對説，謂相向説罪也。舊名布薩者，訛略也。譯爲浄住者，義翻也。」行浄住法，即舉行布薩法會。<span class="shuming">齊太宰竟陵文宣王法集録</span>中，有<span class="shuming">述羊常弘廣齋</span>﹑<span class="shuming">華嚴齋記</span>﹑<span class="shuming">述放生東宫齋</span>﹑<span class="shuming">八日禪靈寺齋並頌</span>﹑<span class="shuming">龍華會並道林齋</span>等，可知<span class="zhuanming">南齊</span><span class="zhuanming">竟陵王</span><span class="zhuanming">蕭子良</span>常在其邸園開設齋會，舉行布薩。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1133" id="1138">〔三〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一三<span class="shuming">法苑雜緣原始集目録序</span>第七著録有<span class="shuming">法社建功德邑記</span>，注曰「出<span class="shuming">法社經</span>」。疑即此<span class="shuming">法社建功德邑會文</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1134" id="1139">〔四〕</a>守庚申：亦稱「守三尸」﹑「斬三尸」，指於庚申日通宵静坐不眠，以消滅「三尸」。<span class="zhuanming">段成式</span><span class="shuming">酉陽雜俎</span>卷二：「庚申日，伏尸言人過，本命日，天曹計人行。三尸一日三朝，上尸青姑伐人眼，中尸白姑伐人五藏，下尸血姑伐人胃命。……七守庚申，三尸滅，三守庚申，三尸伏。」參下注。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1135" id="1140">〔五〕</a>三彭：即三尸。「彭」爲三尸之姓。上尸名靈台，住腦海；中尸名靈爽，住絳宫；下尸名靈精，住腹下。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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禮儀沿革
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138095" key="1138095"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 禮儀沿革 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138096" key="1138096"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00045','1726522',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P45</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000044">禮儀沿革</p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">西域</span>之法，禮有多種，如傳所明。禮拜者，屈己也；旋遶者，戀慕也；偏袒者，亦肉袒<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00046','1726522',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P46</span></i>也；脱革屣者，不敢安也；和南者，先意問訊也；避路者，尚齒也。諸例常聞，不煩多述。若尼禮於僧，自傳八法。比丘奉上，接足至三，莫不盡恭，如事令長也。近以開坐具便爲禮者，得以論之：昔<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>僧到此，皆展舒尼師壇<a class="zhuhao" href="#367" id="361">〔一〕</a>，就上作禮。後世避煩，尊者方見開尼師壇，即止之，便通叙暄涼。又展，猶再拜也，尊者還止之。由此只將展尼師壇擬禮，爲禮之數，所謂蓌<a class="zhuhao" href="#368" id="362">〔二〕</a>拜也。如此設恭，無乃大簡乎？然隨方爲清浄者，不得不行也。又如比丘相見，曲躬合掌，口云「不審」者何？此三業歸仰也，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">曲躬合掌，身也；發言「不審」，口也。心若不生崇重，豈能動身﹑口乎？</span> <span>謂之問訊。其或卑問尊，則不審少病少惱，起居輕利不？上慰下，則不審無病惱，乞食易得，住處無惡伴，水陸無細蟲不？後人省其辭，止云「不審」也，大如歇後語乎。又臨去，辭云「珍重」者何？此則相見既畢，情意已通，囑云「珍重」，猶言善加保重﹑請加自愛﹑好將<a class="zhuhao" href="#369" id="363">〔三〕</a>息﹑宜保惜同也。若<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>相見，則合掌云「和南」，或云「盤茶味<a class="zhuhao" href="#370" id="364">〔四〕</a>」，久不見，乃設禮。若尊嚴師匠，則一見一禮。今出家者以<span class="zhuanming">華</span>情學<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>事耳，所謂半<span class="zhuanming">華</span>半<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>，亦是亦非。尋其所起，皆<span class="zhuanming">道安</span>之遺法。是則住既與俗不同，律行條然自别也。或云僧上表疏，宜去頓首，以其涉祝宗之九拜者，余觀<span class="zhuanming">廬山</span><span class="zhuanming">遠公</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">太山</span><span class="zhuanming">朗公</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#371" id="365">〔五〕</a>答王臣之作，皆名下稱頓首。<span class="zhuanming">遠公</span>講禮，群<a class="zhuhao" href="#372" id="366">〔六〕</a>賢釆義，豈濫用哉？且頓首者，頭委頓而拜也。今文云頓首而身不躬折，何爲拜乎？又道流相見，交手叩頭而云稽首，亦同也。然秉筆者，避之<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00047','1726522',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P47</span></i>爲敏矣。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#361" id="367">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">釋氏要覽</span>卷上<span class="shuming">法衣</span>：「坐具，<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>云尼師壇，此云隨坐衣。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#362" id="368">〔二〕</a><span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：「蓌，音挫，拜失容節，猶詐也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#363" id="369">〔三〕</a><span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：「將，恐『消』之誤。」校注者按：「將息」指調養﹑休息，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>詩<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>詞習見，不誤。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#364" id="370">〔四〕</a>盤茶味：或作槃淡。<span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷七三<span class="zhuanming">玄應</span>撰<span class="shuming">分别功德論音義</span>卷二：「婆南，或言和南，皆訛也，正言槃淡，此譯云我禮也。」<span class="shuming">法苑珠林</span>卷二○<span class="shuming">致敬篇</span><span class="shuming">會通部</span>：「又<span class="shuming">十誦律</span>，佛語<span class="zhuanming">優波離</span>：稱和南者，是口語。若曲身者，是名心浄。若比丘禮時，從座起，偏袒右肩，脱革屣右膝著地，以兩手接上座足禮。述曰：依經云，和南者，<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>語也。或云那謨﹑婆南等，此猶非正。依本正云槃淡，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>言我禮，或云歸禮。歸亦我之本情，禮是敬之宗致也。或云歸命者，義立代於南無也。理事符同，表情得盡。俗人重南無而輕敬禮者，不委<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">梵</span>之交譯也。況復加以和南，諸佛迷之，彌復大笑。又南無者，<span class="shuming">善見論</span>翻爲歸命覺，亦云禮大壽。又和南者，<span class="shuming">出要律儀</span>翻爲恭敬，<span class="shuming">善見論</span>翻爲度我。準此而言，恭敬﹑度我，義通凡聖，豈和南偏在尊師？亦通上聖，念救生也。故經中來至佛所，云南無無所著至真等正覺，是名口業，稱歎<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>德也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#365" id="371">〔五〕</a>太山朗公：指<span class="zhuanming">竺僧朗</span>。<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷五<span class="shuming">竺僧朗傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">竺僧朗</span>，<span class="zhuanming">京兆</span>人也。……以<span class="zhuanming">僞秦</span><span class="zhuanming">苻健</span><span class="zhuanming">皇<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00048','1726522',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P48</span></i>始</span>元年，移卜<span class="zhuanming">泰山</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#366" id="372">〔六〕</a>群：底本作「講」，據<span class="zhuanming">淺野</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本改。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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方等戒壇
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138099" key="1138099"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 方等戒壇 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138100" key="1138100"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00183','1726566',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P183</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000129">方等戒壇</p><p> <span>此土之有戒壇<a class="zhuhao" href="#1125" id="1119">〔一〕</a>，起<span class="zhuanming">南朝</span><span class="zhuanming">求那跋摩三藏</span>，爲<span class="zhuanming">宋國</span>比丘於<span class="zhuanming">蔡州</span>岸受戒而爲始也。自爾南北相次立壇，而無别名，後有<span class="zhuanming">南林戒壇</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1126" id="1120">〔二〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">高宗</span><span class="zhuanming">乾封</span>二年，<span class="zhuanming">終南山</span><span class="zhuanming">道宣律師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1127" id="1121">〔三〕</a>建<span class="zhuanming">靈感戒壇</span>於<span class="zhuanming">清官村精舍</span>，天下名德，皆來重增戒品。築壇方成，有長眉僧壇前讚歎，即<span class="zhuanming">賓頭盧</span>也。<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span><span class="zhuanming">永泰</span>年三月二十八日，敕<span class="zhuanming">大興善寺</span>方等戒壇<a class="zhuhao" href="#1128" id="1122">〔四〕</a>，所須一切官供。至四月，敕京城僧尼臨壇大德各置十人，永爲常式。所言方等戒壇者，蓋以壇法本出於諸律，律即小乘教也。小乘教中，須一一如法。片有乖違，則令受者不得戒，臨壇人犯罪，故謂之律教也。若大乘方等教，即不拘根缺緣差，並皆得受，但令發大心而領納之耳。方等者，即周遍義也。<span class="shuming">止觀論</span>曰：「方等者，或言廣平。今謂方者，法也，如般若有四種方法，即四門入清涼池，故此方也。所契之理，即平等大慧，故云等也。」<a class="zhuhao" href="#1129" id="1123">〔五〕</a>禀順方等之文而立戒壇，故名方等壇也。既不細拘禁忌，廣大而平等，又可謂之廣平也。<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>以<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>沙汰之後，僧尼再得出家，恐在俗中，寧無諸過。乃令先懺深罪，後增戒品。若非方等，豈容重入？取其周遍包容，故曰方等戒壇也。脱或一遵律範，無聞小過，入僧界法<a class="zhuhao" href="#1130" id="1124">〔六〕</a>，四種皆如，則不可稱爲方等也。然汎愛則人喜陵犯，嚴毅則物自肅然。末代住持，宜其嚴而少愛，則爲能也。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00184','1726566',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P184</span></i>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1119" id="1125">〔一〕</a><span class="zhuanming">道宣</span><span class="shuming">關中創立戒壇圖經序</span>：「比丘儀體，非戒不存，道必人弘，非戒不立。戒由作業而克，業必藉處而生，處曰『戒壇』。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1120" id="1126">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷三<span class="shuming">求那跋摩傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">求那跋摩</span>，此云<span class="zhuanming">功德鎧</span>，本<span class="zhuanming">刹利</span>種。……奄然已終，春秋六十有五。……即於<span class="zhuanming">南林戒壇</span>前依外國法闍毗之。」然未見有言其立壇者。此説見<span class="zhuanming">釋道宣</span>撰<span class="shuming">關中創立戒壇圖經</span><span class="shuming">戒壇高下廣狹第四</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1121" id="1127">〔三〕</a>見<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一四<span class="shuming">唐京兆西明寺道宣傳</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1122" id="1128">〔四〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷五三<span class="shuming">歷代會要志第十九之三</span>「立壇受戒」條：「<span class="zhuanming">唐高宗</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宣律師</span>於<span class="zhuanming">浄業寺</span>建石戒壇。」「<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>，敕<span class="zhuanming">大興善寺</span>建方等戒壇。」「<span class="zhuanming">穆宗</span>，中書令<span class="zhuanming">王智興</span>於<span class="zhuanming">泗州</span>建方等戒壇，請遇聖誕度僧。」「<span class="zhuanming">敬宗</span>，敕兩街建方等戒壇，左街<span class="zhuanming">安國寺</span>，右街<span class="zhuanming">興福寺</span>。」「<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>，以<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>沙汰，敕上都﹑<span class="zhuanming">荆</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">揚</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">汴</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">益</span>立方等戒壇，爲僧尼再度者重受戒法。」「<span class="zhuanming">懿宗</span>，敕兩街四寺，各建戒壇度僧。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1123" id="1129">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">摩訶止觀</span>卷二：「方等者，或言廣平。今言方者，法也。般若有四種方法，謂四門入清涼池，即方也；所契之理，平等大慧，即等也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1124" id="1130">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">法華經文句輔正記</span>卷一：「僧界法者，謂羯磨等法也。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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受齋懺法
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138105" key="1138105"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 受齋懺法 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138106" key="1138106"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00043','1726521',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P43</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000042">受齋懺法</p><p> <span>自佛法東傳，事多草昧，故<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>曰：設復齋懺，同於祠祀<a class="zhuhao" href="#355" id="349">〔一〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">晋</span>之世，僧皆布草而食，起坐威儀﹑唱導開化，略無規矩。至<span class="zhuanming">東晋</span>有<span class="zhuanming">僞秦</span>國<span class="zhuanming">道安法師</span>，慧解生知，始尋究經<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00044','1726521',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P44</span></i>律，作赴請﹑僧跋<a class="zhuhao" href="#356" id="350">〔二〕</a>﹑讚禮﹑念佛等儀式，凡有三例，一曰行香定座是也<a class="zhuhao" href="#357" id="351">〔三〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">宣律師</span><span class="shuming">赴請設則篇</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#358" id="352">〔四〕</a>大明軌<a class="zhuhao" href="#359" id="353">〔五〕</a>則，圓頂之徒，苟不披覽，破穀<a class="zhuhao" href="#360" id="354">〔六〕</a>之誚，而乃自貽，吁哉！近聞有<span class="zhuanming">西江</span>商客賽願營齋，先示文疏，數僧無能讀者，被商客驅之，一何可笑！後生聞此，當寅夜攻學，一則不虚受施，一則覆庇群僧，一則揚名於四方也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#349" id="355">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">曇柯迦羅傳</span>：<span class="zhuanming">曇柯迦羅</span>「以<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">嘉平</span>中來至<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>。于時<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>境雖有佛法，而道風訛替，亦有衆僧未禀歸戒，正以剪落殊俗耳。設復齋懺，事法祠祀。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#350" id="356">〔二〕</a><span class="zhuanming">義浄</span>撰<span class="shuming">南海寄歸内法傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">受齋軌則</span>：「其行食法，先下薑鹽，薑乃一片兩片，大如指許，鹽則全匕半匕，藉之以葉。其行鹽者，合掌長跪，在上座前，口唱三鉢羅佉哆，譯爲善至，舊云僧跋者，訛也。上座告曰：『平等行食。』意道供具善成，食時復至。准其字義，合當如是。然而佛與大衆受他毒食，佛教令唱三鉢羅佉哆，然後方食，所有毒藥，皆變成美味。」<span class="shuming">根本説一切有部目得迦</span>卷八：「凡於衆首爲上座者，所有供食置在衆前，先令一人執持飲食，或先行鹽。在上座前，曲身恭敬，唱三鉢羅佉多。未唱已來，不得受食。當知此言有大威力，輒違受食，得惡作罪。」<span class="zhuanming">義浄</span>原注曰：「三鉢羅佉多，譯爲正至，或爲時至，或是密語神咒，能除毒故。昔云僧跋者，訛也。佛教遣唱食前，今乃後稱食遍，非直失於本意，上座未免其愆。訛替多時，智者詳用。」又<span class="shuming">佛説梵摩難國王經</span>：「夫欲施者，皆當平心<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00045','1726521',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P45</span></i>不問大小。佛於是令<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>臨飯説僧跋。僧跋者，衆僧飯皆悉平等。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#351" id="357">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷五<span class="shuming">道安傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋道安</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">衛氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">常山</span><span class="zhuanming">扶柳</span>人也。……<span class="zhuanming">安</span>既德爲物宗，學兼三藏，所制僧尼軌範，佛法憲章，條爲三例：一曰行香定座上講經上講之法，二曰常日六時行道飲食唱時法，三曰布薩差使悔過等法。天下寺舍，遂則而從之。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#352" id="358">〔四〕</a>即<span class="shuming">四分律删繁補闕行事鈔</span>卷下（之三）<span class="shuming">訃請設則篇第二三</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#353" id="359">〔五〕</a>軌：底本作「軏」，據<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#354" id="360">〔六〕</a>破穀：本指破穀倉取穀，爲破戒之行。<span class="shuming">四分律行事鈔資持記</span>上二<span class="shuming">釋僧網篇</span>釋「遍至諸家，但行破穀」云：「斥虚食信施，故言破穀。又解，穀即訓善，言壞他浄信。」此「破穀之誚」，當指譏刺其年少無知。出<span class="shuming">四分律</span>卷四九：「時<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>有六十弟子，皆是年少，欲還捨戒。時<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>至<span class="zhuanming">王舍城</span>，<span class="zhuanming">摩訶迦葉</span>遥見<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>來，語言：『此衆欲失，汝年少不知足。』<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>言：『大德，我頭白髮已現，云何於<span class="zhuanming">迦葉</span>所猶不免年少耶？』<span class="zhuanming">迦葉</span>報言：『汝與年少比丘俱不善閉諸根，食不知足，初夜後夜，不能勤修，遍至諸家，但行破穀。汝衆當失，汝年少比丘不知足。』」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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封授官秩
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138110" key="1138110"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 封授官秩 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138111" key="1138111"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00179','1726565',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P179</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000127">封授官秩</p><p> <span>夫出家之者，望五位以升階；得道之人，轉二依而就果。敢言其次，緣覺﹑應真以四果一生<a class="zhuhao" href="#1106" id="1093">〔一〕</a>而證成，經三生百劫而彰號，此聖賢之品秩也。宜修選業，可取殊科。其有<span class="zhuanming">震旦</span><span class="zhuanming">華</span>風，縻賢好爵，因其所貴，而以貴之。昔<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>以<span class="zhuanming">趙郡</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">法果</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1107" id="1094">〔二〕</a>爲沙門統，供施之不足，又官品之，遂授輔國﹑<span class="zhuanming">宜城子</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">忠信侯</span>，尋進公爵曰「安城」。<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>子封官，自<span class="zhuanming">法果</span>始也。<span class="zhuanming">梁朝</span>以<span class="zhuanming">慧超</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">壽光殿</span>學士<a class="zhuhao" href="#1108" id="1095">〔三〕</a>，又<span class="zhuanming">陸法和</span>甚高官位<a class="zhuhao" href="#1109" id="1096">〔四〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">後周</span>選僧道中學問優贍者，充通道觀學士，仍改服色<a class="zhuhao" href="#1110" id="1097">〔五〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">隋朝</span>以<span class="zhuanming">彦琮</span>爲翻經館學士<a class="zhuhao" href="#1111" id="1098">〔六〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">唐中宗</span><span class="zhuanming">神龍</span>二年，造<span class="zhuanming">聖善寺</span>成，<span class="zhuanming">慧範</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧珍</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法藏</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1112" id="1099">〔七〕</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">大行</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1113" id="1100">〔八〕</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">會寂</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">元璧</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">仁方</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">崇先</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">進國</span>九人，加五品並朝散大夫縣公，房室器用料物，一如正員官給，以修大像之功也。尋加<span class="zhuanming">慧範</span>正議<a class="zhuhao" href="#1114" id="1101">〔九〕</a>大夫﹑<span class="zhuanming">上庸郡公</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">聖善寺</span>主，至銀青光禄大夫，俸料房閣，一事已上，同職官給。又<span class="zhuanming">安樂寺</span>主僧<span class="zhuanming">萬歲</span>加朝散大夫，封縣公，<span class="zhuanming">聖善寺</span>都維那，俸禄亦同職官給，以營像成也。又沙門<span class="zhuanming">廓清</span>充修功德使，檢校殿中監<a class="zhuhao" href="#1115" id="1102">〔一○〕</a>。其次<span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span>卜平内難，僧<span class="zhuanming">清潤</span>封官三品。醫<span class="zhuanming">寧王</span>疾愈，僧賜緋袍<a class="zhuhao" href="#1116" id="1103">〔一一〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>加<span class="zhuanming">不空三藏</span>至開府儀同三司﹑<span class="zhuanming">肅國公</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1117" id="1104">〔一二〕</a>。階爵之極，唯<span class="zhuanming">不空</span>矣<a class="zhuhao" href="#1118" id="1105">〔一三〕</a>。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00180','1726565',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P180</span></i> <span>論曰：朝廷尚行於爵秩，<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>子乃競於官階。官階勿盡期，貪愛無滿分，胡不養其妻子，跪拜君親？何異乎織女七襄，牽牛負軛者哉？有識達者，於此無取焉。不同<span class="zhuanming">陸法和</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">釋道平</span>能施衛社之功，致有假官之目也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1093" id="1106">〔一〕</a>生：底本作「坐」，<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本作「座」，據底本校記改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1094" id="1107">〔二〕</a>參卷中「僧統」條。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1095" id="1108">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">梁楊都靈根寺釋惠超傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋惠超</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">王</span>，<span class="zhuanming">太原</span>人。<span class="zhuanming">永嘉</span>之亂，寓居<span class="zhuanming">襄陽</span>。……又從<span class="zhuanming">智藏</span>採習經論，<span class="zhuanming">藏</span>曰：『此子秀發，當成美器。』<span class="zhuanming">藏</span>之出處，多與同遊。備通諸部，名動京邑。後從<span class="zhuanming">慧集</span>，餐聽毗尼，裁得數遍，<span class="zhuanming">集</span>乃嘆曰：『不謂始學，已冰寒於水矣。』後還鄉定省，合境懷之，<span class="zhuanming">武帝</span>敕還，爲<span class="zhuanming">壽光</span>學士。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1096" id="1109">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">北齊書</span>卷三二<span class="shuming">陸法和傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">陸法和</span>，不知何許人也。隱於<span class="zhuanming">江陵</span><span class="zhuanming">百里洲</span>，衣食居處，一與苦行沙門同。」「<span class="zhuanming">梁元帝</span>以<span class="zhuanming">法和</span>爲都督﹑<span class="zhuanming">郢州</span>刺史，封<span class="zhuanming">江乘縣公</span>。」「<span class="zhuanming">天保</span>六年春，<span class="zhuanming">清河王</span><span class="zhuanming">岳</span>進軍臨<span class="zhuanming">江</span>，<span class="zhuanming">法和</span>舉州入<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>。<span class="zhuanming">文宣</span>以<span class="zhuanming">法和</span>爲大都督十州諸軍事﹑太尉公﹑西南道大行臺。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1097" id="1110">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">集古今佛道論衡</span>卷二<span class="shuming">周高祖登朝論屏佛法安法師上論事</span>：「至<span class="zhuanming">建德</span>三年歲在甲午五月十七日，遂普滅佛道二宗，别置通道觀，簡<span class="zhuanming">釋</span><span class="zhuanming">李</span>有名者百二十員，並著衣冠，名爲通道觀學士。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00181','1726565',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P181</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1098" id="1111">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷二<span class="shuming">隋東都上林園翻經館沙門釋彦琮傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋彦琮</span>，俗緣<span class="zhuanming">李氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">趙郡</span><span class="zhuanming">柏人</span>人也。……至于十歲，方許出家，改名<span class="zhuanming">道江</span>。……及<span class="zhuanming">周武</span>平<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>，尋蒙延入，共談玄籍，深會帝心。敕預通道觀學士，時年二十有一。與<span class="zhuanming">宇文愷</span>等<span class="zhuanming">周代</span>朝賢，以<span class="shuming">大易</span>﹑<span class="shuming">老</span>﹑<span class="shuming">莊</span>陪侍講論。<span class="zhuanming">江</span>便外假俗衣，内持法服，更名<span class="zhuanming">彦琮</span>。……至（<span class="zhuanming">開皇</span>）十二年，敕召入京，復掌翻譯，住<span class="zhuanming">大興善</span>，厚供頻仍。……<span class="zhuanming">大業</span>二年，東都新治，與諸沙門詣闕朝賀，特被召入内禁，叙故累宵，談述治體，呈示文頌。其爲時主見知如此。因即下敕，於<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span><span class="zhuanming">上林園</span>立翻經館以處之。供給事隆，倍逾<span class="zhuanming">關輔</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1099" id="1112">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷五<span class="shuming">周洛京佛授記寺法藏傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋法藏</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">賢首</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">康</span>，<span class="zhuanming">康居</span>人也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1100" id="1113">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷二四<span class="shuming">唐兗州泰嶽大行傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋大行</span>，<span class="zhuanming">齊州</span>人也。……後時詔<span class="zhuanming">行</span>入内宫，寢於御殿，敕賜號<span class="zhuanming">常精進菩薩</span>，受開國公。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1101" id="1114">〔九〕</a>議：底本作「儀」，據<span class="zhuanming">淺野</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1102" id="1115">〔一○〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四○<span class="shuming">法運通塞志第十七之七</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">中宗</span><span class="zhuanming">神龍</span>）二月，敕造<span class="zhuanming">聖善寺</span>，沙門<span class="zhuanming">慧範</span>補正議大夫，封<span class="zhuanming">上庸郡公</span>。<span class="zhuanming">法藏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧珍</span>九人，並朝大夫，封縣公。官給奉禄，一同正員。」「<span class="zhuanming">聖善寺</span>成，敕<span class="zhuanming">上庸公</span><span class="zhuanming">慧範</span>加銀青光禄大夫，充寺主。沙門<span class="zhuanming">萬歲</span>加朝散大夫，封縣公，充都維那。沙門<span class="zhuanming">廣清</span>檢校殿中監，充功德使。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1103" id="1116">〔一一〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷九五<span class="shuming">諸王傳</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>）二十八年冬，<span class="zhuanming">憲</span>寢疾，上令中使送醫藥及珍膳，相望於路，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00182','1726565',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P182</span></i>僧<span class="zhuanming">崇一</span>療<span class="zhuanming">憲</span>稍瘳，上大悦，特賜緋袍魚袋，以賞異<span class="zhuanming">崇一</span>。」參「賜僧紫衣」條注六。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1104" id="1117">〔一二〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">唐京兆大興善寺不空傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋不空</span>，<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>名<span class="zhuanming">阿目佉跋折羅</span>，<span class="zhuanming">華</span>言<span class="zhuanming">不空金剛</span>，止行二字，略也，本<span class="zhuanming">北天竺</span>婆羅門族。……俄而示疾，上表告辭，敕使勞問，賜醫藥，加開府儀同三司，封<span class="zhuanming">肅國公</span>，食邑三千户，固讓不俞。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1105" id="1118">〔一三〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">佛祖歷代通載</span>卷二二亦曰：「望五位以升階，轉二依而就果者，上乘菩薩也。以四向一坐而證成，三生百劫而彰號者，緣覺聲聞也。聖賢品級，教有明文，唯妙悟自心，入佛知見者，千聖尚不爲，何階級之有？大教東被三百五十餘年，<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>以<span class="zhuanming">趙郡</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">法果</span>爲沙門統，供施之不足，又官品之，遂授輔國﹑<span class="zhuanming">宜城子</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">忠信侯</span>，尋進公爵曰『安城』。封官自<span class="zhuanming">果</span>始也。<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>以<span class="zhuanming">惠超</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">壽光殿</span>學士。<span class="zhuanming">後周</span>選僧道中學問優贍者充通道觀學士，仍改服色。<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>以<span class="zhuanming">彦琮</span>爲翻經館學士。<span class="zhuanming">唐中宗</span><span class="zhuanming">神龍</span>二年，造<span class="zhuanming">聖善寺</span>成，<span class="zhuanming">惠範</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">惠珍</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法藏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">大行</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">會寂</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">元壁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">仁方</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">崇先</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">進國</span>九人加五品，並朝散大夫。蓋以營像修造之功也。尋加<span class="zhuanming">惠範</span>正議大夫﹑<span class="zhuanming">上庸郡公</span>﹑寺主，至銀青光禄大夫。俸料房閣已上，同職官給。<span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span>卜平内難，僧<span class="zhuanming">清潤</span>封官三品。醫<span class="zhuanming">寧王</span>疾愈，僧賜緋袍。<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>加<span class="zhuanming">不空三藏</span>至開府儀同三司﹑<span class="zhuanming">肅國公</span>，食邑三千户。辭讓數四，不允。<span class="zhuanming">空</span>曰：『吾以法濟世，不意垂死濫污。』封爵故秩，唯<span class="zhuanming">空</span>爲極矣。」當據<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>此段文字，然亦有可與<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>相互參看者，故摘録於此。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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尼得戒由
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138114" key="1138114"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 尼得戒由 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138115" key="1138115"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00041','1726520',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P41</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000040">尼得戒由</p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">愛道</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#343" id="337">〔一〕</a>初緣，豈爲容易。<span class="zhuanming">阿潘</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#344" id="338">〔二〕</a>出俗，又實希奇。始徒受於三歸，且未全於二衆。按<span class="shuming">五運圖</span>云：「自<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">永平</span>丁卯洎<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">元嘉</span>甲戌，中間相去三百六十七年，尼方具戒。」又<span class="shuming">薩婆多師資傳</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#345" id="339">〔三〕</a>云：「<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">元嘉</span>十一年春，<span class="zhuanming">師子國</span>尼<span class="zhuanming">鐵索羅</span>等十人，於<span class="zhuanming">建康</span><span class="zhuanming">南林寺</span>壇上爲<span class="zhuanming">景福寺</span>尼<span class="zhuanming">慧果</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">浄音</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#346" id="340">〔四〕</a>等二衆中受戒法事，十二日度三百餘人。此方尼於二衆受戒，<span class="zhuanming">慧果</span>爲始也。」知<span class="zhuanming">阿潘</span>等但受三歸。又<span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">咸康</span>中，尼<span class="zhuanming">浄撿</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#347" id="341">〔五〕</a>於一衆邊得戒，此亦未全也。及<span class="zhuanming">建武</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">江</span>北諸尼乃往僧寺受戒<a class="zhuhao" href="#348" id="342">〔六〕</a>，累朝不輟。近以<span class="zhuanming">太祖</span>敕不許尼往僧中受戒，自是尼還於一衆得本法而已，戒品終不圓也。今聖英達明斷，護法之士，宜奏乞仍舊行之，免法滅之遄速焉。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#337" id="343">〔一〕</a>愛道：<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>名<span class="zhuanming">摩訶波闍波提</span>，佛陀姨母，乳養佛者。由<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>之請，始許出家，是<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>最早之比丘尼。<span class="shuming">經律異相</span>卷七<span class="shuming">大愛道出家</span>：「佛還<span class="zhuanming">迦維羅衛國</span>，<span class="zhuanming">摩訶波闍波提</span></span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu"><span class="zhuanming">梁</span>言<span class="zhuanming">大愛</span>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">姓<span class="zhuanming">瞿曇彌</span>，求佛出家，哀請至三，佛所不聽。退住門外，著垢弊衣，徒跣而立，歔欷悲泣。<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>問曰：『何故泣？』答曰：『女人不得出家，自悲傷耳。』<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>止而白佛：『我從佛聞：女人<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00042','1726520',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P42</span></i>精進，可得四果。今<span class="zhuanming">大愛道</span>，至心願樂。』佛言：『無使女人入我法律爲沙門也。譬如人家，多女少男，家必衰弱。女人出家，清浄梵行不得久住。又如莠雜禾稼，善穀傷敗。女人入法，亦復如是。』<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>曰：『<span class="zhuanming">大愛道</span>多有善意。佛初生時，乃自育養，至于成人。』佛言：『多信善意，於我有恩。我於<span class="zhuanming">愛道</span>，亦多有恩。由我得歸依三寶，不疑四諦，立五根信，受持五戒。正使有人設身供養，不及此也。假使女人欲作沙門者，八敬之法不得踰越，盡壽學之，譬如防水，善治堤塘，勿令漏失。其能如是，可入法律。』<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>具報<span class="zhuanming">愛道</span>。<span class="zhuanming">愛道</span>歡喜，便得出家，爲大比丘尼。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#338" id="344">〔二〕</a>阿潘：參「東夏出家」條注三。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#339" id="345">〔三〕</a>薩婆多師資傳：五卷，<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">僧祐</span>撰，<span class="shuming">歷代三寶紀</span>﹑<span class="shuming">大唐内典録</span>等皆有著録。<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一二有<span class="shuming">薩婆多部師資記目録序</span>，詳列其目。<span class="shuming">隋志</span>﹑<span class="shuming">唐志</span>作<span class="shuming">薩婆多部相承傳</span>。已佚。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#340" id="346">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">比丘尼傳</span>卷二<span class="shuming">景福寺慧果尼傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">慧果</span>，本姓<span class="zhuanming">潘</span>，<span class="zhuanming">淮南</span>人也。常行苦節，不衣綿纊，篤好毗尼，戒行清白，道俗欽羡，風譽遠聞。……到<span class="zhuanming">元嘉</span>六年，<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">求那跋摩</span>至，<span class="zhuanming">果</span>問曰：『此土諸尼先受戒者，未有本事。推之<span class="zhuanming">愛道</span>，誠有高例，未測厥後，得無異耶？』答：『無異。』又問：『就如律文，戒師得罪，何無異耶？』答曰：『有尼衆處，不二歲學，故言得罪耳。』又問：『乃可此國先未有尼，非<span class="zhuanming">閻浮</span>無也？』答曰：『律制：十僧得授具戒。邊地五人，亦得授之。正爲有處，不可不如法耳。』又問：『幾許里爲邊地？』答曰：『千里之外，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00043','1726520',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P43</span></i>山海艱隔者是也。』九年，率弟子<span class="zhuanming">慧意</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧鎧</span>等五人，從<span class="zhuanming">僧伽跋摩</span>重受具戒，敬慎奉持，如愛頂腦。」<span class="shuming">比丘尼傳</span>卷二<span class="shuming">普賢寺寶賢尼傳</span>：「初<span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">升平</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">浄撿尼</span>是比丘尼之始也，初受具戒，指從大僧。<span class="zhuanming">景福寺</span><span class="zhuanming">慧果</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">浄音</span>等，以諮<span class="zhuanming">求那跋摩</span>。<span class="zhuanming">求那跋摩</span>云：『國土無二衆，但從大僧受得具戒。』<span class="zhuanming">慧果</span>等後遇外國<span class="zhuanming">鐵薩羅尼</span>等至，以<span class="zhuanming">元嘉</span>十一年，從<span class="zhuanming">僧伽跋摩</span>於<span class="zhuanming">南林寺</span>壇重受具戒，非謂先受不得，謂是增長戒善耳。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#341" id="347">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">比丘尼傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">晋竹林寺浄撿尼傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">浄撿</span>，本姓<span class="zhuanming">仲</span>，名<span class="zhuanming">令儀</span>，<span class="zhuanming">彭城</span>人也。……後遇沙門<span class="zhuanming">法始</span>，經道通達，<span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">建興</span>中於宫城西門立寺，<span class="zhuanming">撿</span>乃造之。<span class="zhuanming">始</span>爲説法，<span class="zhuanming">撿</span>因大悟，念及强壯，以求法利。從<span class="zhuanming">始</span>借經，遂達旨趣。他日，謂<span class="zhuanming">始</span>曰：『經中云：比丘﹑比丘尼，願見濟度。』<span class="zhuanming">始</span>曰：『<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>有男女二衆，此土其法未具。』<span class="zhuanming">撿</span>曰：『既云比丘﹑比丘尼，寧有異法？』<span class="zhuanming">始</span>曰：『外國人云尼有五百戒，便應是異。當爲問和上。』和上云：『尼戒大同細異，不得其法，必不得授。尼有十戒，得從大僧受，但無和上，尼無所依止耳。』<span class="zhuanming">撿</span>即剃落，從和上受十戒。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#342" id="348">〔六〕</a>按：據<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>，<span class="shuming">薩婆多師資傳</span>卷五有<span class="shuming">建武中江北尼衆始往僧寺受戒記</span>。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
内供奉并引駕
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138118" key="1138118"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 内供奉并引駕 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138119" key="1138119"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00176','1726564',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P176</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000125">内供奉并引駕</p><p> <span>内供奉授僧者，自<span class="zhuanming">唐肅宗</span>聚兵<span class="zhuanming">靈武</span>，<span class="zhuanming">至德</span>元年，迴趨<span class="zhuanming">扶風</span>，僧<span class="zhuanming">元皎</span>受口敕，置<span class="zhuanming">藥師</span>道場，令隨駕仗内赴，請公驗往<span class="zhuanming">鳳翔府</span><span class="zhuanming">開元寺</span>御<span class="zhuanming">藥師</span>道場，三七人六時行道。時道場内忽生一叢李樹，奉敕使驗實，李樹四十九莖，<span class="zhuanming">元皎</span>表賀，批答：「瑞李繁滋，國興之兆。生伽藍<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00177','1726564',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P177</span></i>之内，知佛日再興。感此殊祥，與師同慶。」又<span class="zhuanming">李讓國</span>宣敕云：「敕内供奉僧<span class="zhuanming">元皎</span>。」<a class="zhuhao" href="#1090" id="1087">〔一〕</a>。置此官者，<span class="zhuanming">元皎</span>始也。次有<span class="zhuanming">子麟</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1091" id="1088">〔二〕</a>者，<span class="zhuanming">泉州</span>人也，繼受斯職。<span class="zhuanming">憲宗</span>朝，<span class="zhuanming">端甫</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">皓月</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">栖白</span>相次應命<a class="zhuhao" href="#1092" id="1089">〔三〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">朱梁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">後唐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">周</span>﹑我<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span>無聞此職。爲引駕大德者，唯<span class="zhuanming">端甫</span>稱之，此必敕補，儻自號私署，安可稱之？此命近亦不聞矣。然則車駕巡幸還京，僧道必具旛幢螺鈸遠迎。僧録﹑道録，騎馬引駕，而無敢自稱引駕者。<span class="zhuanming">太祖英武聖文神德皇帝</span>敕兩街僧道各備威儀迎駕，今以爲常式矣。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1087" id="1090">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷二四<span class="shuming">唐鳳翔府開元寺元皎傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋元皎</span>，<span class="zhuanming">靈武</span>人也。有志操，與衆不群，以持明爲己務。<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>末，<span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span>幸<span class="zhuanming">蜀</span>，<span class="zhuanming">肅皇</span>於<span class="zhuanming">靈武</span>訓兵，計剋復京師，爲物議攸同，請帝即位，改元<span class="zhuanming">至德</span>。及二年，返轅指<span class="zhuanming">扶風</span>，帝素憑<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，擇清尚僧首途，若祓除然。北土西河所推，<span class="zhuanming">皎</span>應其選，召入受敕旨，隨駕仗内赴京。尋敕令<span class="zhuanming">皎</span>向前發，至于<span class="zhuanming">鳳翔</span>，於<span class="zhuanming">開元寺</span>置御<span class="zhuanming">藥師</span>道場。更擇三七僧，六時行道，然燈歌唄，讚念持經，無敢言疲，精潔可量也。忽於法會内生一叢李樹，有四十九莖，具事奏聞，宣内使驗實。帝大驚喜，曰：『此大瑞應。』四月十八日，檢校御<span class="zhuanming">藥師</span>道場念誦僧<span class="zhuanming">元皎</span>等表賀，答敕曰：『瑞李繁滋，國之興兆。生在伽藍之内，足知覺樹之榮。感此殊祥，與師同慶。』<span class="zhuanming">皎</span>之持誦，功能通感，率多此類。加署内供奉焉。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00178','1726564',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P178</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1088" id="1091">〔二〕</a>子麟：亦作「子璘」。<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷五三<span class="shuming">歷代會要志第十九之三</span>「鄮山舍利」條：「<span class="zhuanming">肅宗</span>内供奉<span class="zhuanming">子璘</span>母亡，岳神令往<span class="zhuanming">鄮山</span>禮塔，可免母罪。<span class="zhuanming">璘</span>至寺，禮至四萬拜，母現身塔前，曰：吾承汝力，已生<span class="zhuanming">忉利</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1089" id="1092">〔三〕</a>端甫：參「德號」條注七。　　<span class="zhuanming">皓月</span>，<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一一<span class="shuming">唐京兆華嚴寺智藏傳</span>曰：「<span class="zhuanming">釋智藏</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">黄氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">豫章</span><span class="zhuanming">上高</span>人也。父爲<span class="zhuanming">洪州</span>掾，<span class="zhuanming">藏</span>隨父入<span class="zhuanming">報國寺</span>，見供奉<span class="zhuanming">皓月</span>講<span class="shuming">涅槃經</span>，微體經意，樂入佛門。」　　<span class="zhuanming">栖白</span>，<span class="zhuanming">敦煌</span>遺書<span class="zhuanming">伯</span>三八八六﹑<span class="zhuanming">斯</span>四六五四卷鈔録其詩<span class="shuming">奉贈河西真法師</span>，題署曰「京<span class="zhuanming">薦福寺</span>内供奉大德<span class="zhuanming">棲白</span>」，<span class="shuming">全唐詩</span>卷八二三小傳云：「<span class="zhuanming">栖白</span>，<span class="zhuanming">越</span>中僧，前與<span class="zhuanming">姚合</span>交，後與<span class="zhuanming">李洞</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">曹松</span>相贈答。<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>朝，嘗居<span class="zhuanming">薦福寺</span>，内供奉，賜紫。詩一卷。今存十六首。」<span class="shuming">唐才子傳校箋</span>卷三：「<span class="zhuanming">棲白</span>，<span class="zhuanming">江南</span>僧，後徙居<span class="zhuanming">長安</span><span class="zhuanming">薦福寺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">李頻</span>有<span class="shuming">題薦福寺僧棲白上人院</span>詩（<span class="shuming">全唐詩</span>卷五八九）。曾爲内供奉，賜紫。<span class="shuming">唐摭言</span>卷一○『海叙不遇』條云：『<span class="zhuanming">劉得仁</span>，貴主之子，自<span class="zhuanming">開成</span>至<span class="zhuanming">大中</span>三朝，昆弟皆歷貴仕，而<span class="zhuanming">得仁</span>苦於詩，出入舉場三十年，竟無所成。……既終，詩人争爲詩以弔之，唯供奉僧<span class="zhuanming">棲白</span>擅名。』又按<span class="zhuanming">李洞</span><span class="shuming">叙事寄薦福棲白</span>（<span class="shuming">全唐詩</span>卷七二二）一詩有注云：『<span class="zhuanming">棲白</span>有<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>壽昌節詩。』據此可知，至遲在<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span><span class="zhuanming">大中</span>年間，<span class="zhuanming">棲白</span>已爲内供奉。<span class="zhuanming">棲白</span>以詩供奉曾歷數朝，<span class="zhuanming">杜寬</span><span class="shuming">哭棲白供奉</span>（同上卷六○六）詩云：『侍輦才難得，三朝有上人。琢詩方到骨，至死不離貧。』如<span class="zhuanming">棲白</span><span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>時始爲内供奉，歷三朝，則已至<span class="zhuanming">僖宗</span>時，其卒或即在<span class="zhuanming">僖宗</span>朝也。<span class="zhuanming">李洞</span><span class="shuming">叙舊游寄棲白</span>（同上卷七二三）云：『吟詩五嶺<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00179','1726564',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P179</span></i>尋無可，倏忽如今四十霜。』亦可證<span class="zhuanming">棲白</span>享年頗長。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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解律
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138123" key="1138123"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 解律 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138124" key="1138124"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00051','1726527',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P51</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000054">解律</p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">元魏</span>世<span class="zhuanming">法聰律師</span>者，原是<span class="shuming">曇無德羯磨</span>得戒，而常習<span class="shuming">僧祇</span>。一日自悟，乃歎曰：「體既<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00052','1726527',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P52</span></i><span class="shuming">四分</span>而受，何得異部明隨？」於是罷講<span class="shuming">祇律</span>，手披目閲，敷揚<span class="shuming">四分</span>。有門人<span class="zhuanming">道覆</span>旋抄<a class="zhuhao" href="#396" id="393">〔一〕</a>，漸成義疏<a class="zhuhao" href="#397" id="394">〔二〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">覆公</span>即解<span class="shuming">四分</span>之始也。至<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">元嘉</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">慧詢</span>善<span class="shuming">僧祇</span>﹑<span class="shuming">十誦</span>，更製條章<a class="zhuhao" href="#398" id="395">〔三〕</a>，即解二律之始也。今<span class="zhuanming">五臺山</span><span class="zhuanming">北寺</span>相傳有<span class="zhuanming">聰師</span>講律之遺迹焉。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#393" id="396">〔一〕</a>旋抄：<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本作「旋聽旋抄」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#394" id="397">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷二二：「自初開律釋，師號<span class="zhuanming">法聰</span>，<span class="zhuanming">元魏</span><span class="zhuanming">孝文</span>，<span class="zhuanming">北臺</span>揚緒，口以傳授，時所榮之。沙門<span class="zhuanming">道覆</span>，即紹<span class="zhuanming">聰</span>緒，纘疏六卷，但是長科，至於義舉，未聞于世。」又<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一四：「<span class="shuming">四分律</span>者，<span class="zhuanming">後秦</span>三藏法師<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>僧<span class="zhuanming">佛陀耶舍</span>傳誦<span class="zhuanming">中華</span>，與<span class="zhuanming">羅什法師</span>共爲翻譯。今之講授，自此員來。<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">法聰律師</span>始爲演説，<span class="zhuanming">聰</span>授<span class="zhuanming">道覆</span>，<span class="zhuanming">覆</span>授<span class="zhuanming">光</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#395" id="398">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一一<span class="shuming">釋慧詢傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋慧詢</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">趙</span>，<span class="zhuanming">趙郡</span>人。少而蔬食苦行。經遊<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>，受學<span class="zhuanming">什公</span>，研精經論，尤善<span class="shuming">十誦</span>﹑<span class="shuming">僧祇</span>，乃更製條章，義貫終古。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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造疏科經
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138127" key="1138127"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 造疏科經 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138128" key="1138128"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00050','1726526',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P50</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000052">造疏科經</p><p> <span>經教東流，始則<span class="zhuanming">朱士行</span>講説，未形於文字。分科注解，其<span class="zhuanming">道安法師</span>歟？<span class="zhuanming">安師</span>注經，常恐不合佛意，俄夢道人曰「合理」，即<span class="zhuanming">賓頭盧</span>也<a class="zhuhao" href="#390" id="387">〔一〕</a>。或曰：「注經與造疏全别，何推<span class="zhuanming">安公</span>爲<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00051','1726526',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P51</span></i>首耶？」答：「注是解經，與别行疏義殊號而同實，矧分其科節，不長途散釋，自<span class="zhuanming">安</span>之意乎？」次則<span class="zhuanming">僧叡</span>造<span class="shuming">維摩疏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">道<a class="zhuhao" href="#391" id="388">〔二〕</a>生</span>著<span class="shuming">維摩</span>﹑<span class="shuming">法華</span>﹑<span class="shuming">泥洹</span>﹑<span class="shuming">小品疏</span>，世皆寶之<a class="zhuhao" href="#392" id="389">〔三〕</a>。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#387" id="390">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷五<span class="shuming">道安傳</span>：「初，經出已久，而舊譯時謬，致使深義隱没未通。每至講説，唯叙大意，轉讀而已。<span class="zhuanming">安</span>窮覽經典，鉤深致遠，其所注<span class="shuming">般若道行</span>﹑<span class="shuming">密迹</span>﹑<span class="shuming">安般</span>諸經，並尋文比句，爲起盡之義，及<span class="shuming">析疑</span>﹑<span class="shuming">甄解</span>，凡二十二卷。序致淵富，妙盡玄旨，條貫既叙，文理會通，經義克明，自<span class="zhuanming">安</span>始也。」「<span class="zhuanming">安</span>常注諸經，恐不合理，乃誓曰：『若所説不堪遠理，願見瑞相。』乃夢見<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>道人，頭白眉毛長，語<span class="zhuanming">安</span>云：『君所注經，殊合道理。我不得入泥洹，住在<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>。當相助弘通，可時時設食。』後<span class="shuming">十誦律</span>至，<span class="zhuanming">遠公</span>乃知和上所夢，<span class="zhuanming">賓頭盧</span>也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#388" id="391">〔二〕</a>道：底本誤爲「直」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#389" id="392">〔三〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一五<span class="shuming">道生法師傳</span>曰：「<span class="zhuanming">關中</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">僧肇</span>，始注<span class="shuming">維摩</span>，世咸翫味。及<span class="zhuanming">生</span>更發深旨，顯暢新異，講學之匠，咸共憲章。其所述<span class="shuming">維摩</span>﹑<span class="shuming">法華</span>﹑<span class="shuming">泥洹</span>﹑<span class="shuming">小品</span>諸經義疏，世皆寶焉。」據此，<span class="zhuanming">僧叡</span>或當作<span class="zhuanming">僧肇</span>，然<span class="zhuanming">僧叡</span>亦有注<span class="shuming">維摩</span>，故不敢妄斷也。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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尼講
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138131" key="1138131"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 尼講 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138132" key="1138132"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00050','1726525',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P50</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000050">尼講</p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">東晋</span><span class="zhuanming">廢帝</span><span class="zhuanming">太和</span>三年戊辰歲，<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span><span class="zhuanming">東寺</span>尼<span class="zhuanming">道馨</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">羊</span>，爲沙彌<a class="zhuhao" href="#385" id="383">〔一〕</a>時，誦通<span class="shuming">法華</span>﹑<span class="shuming">維摩</span>二部。受大戒後，研窮理味，一方道學，所共師宗。尼之講説，<span class="zhuanming">道馨</span>爲始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#386" id="384">〔二〕</a>。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#383" id="385">〔一〕</a><span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：「『沙彌』下脱『尼』字歟？」底本校記：「彌＋（尼）。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#384" id="386">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">比丘尼傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">洛陽城東寺道馨尼傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">竺道馨</span>，本姓<span class="zhuanming">羊</span>，<span class="zhuanming">太山</span>人也。志性專謹，與物無忤。沙彌時，常爲衆使，口恒誦經。及年二十，誦<span class="shuming">法華</span>﹑<span class="shuming">維摩</span>等經。具戒後，研求理味，蔬食苦節，彌老彌至。住<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span><span class="zhuanming">東寺</span>，雅能清談，尤善<span class="shuming">小品</span>，貴在理通，不事辭辯，一州道學，所共師宗。比丘尼講經，<span class="zhuanming">馨</span>其始也。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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對王者稱謂
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138135" key="1138135"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 對王者稱謂 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138136" key="1138136"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00188','1726569',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P188</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000135">對王者稱謂</p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">西域</span>從始立名，至終不改，如<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>是佛成道夜生，號爲<span class="zhuanming">慶喜</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1184" id="1153">〔一〕</a>。及受記結集，亦號<span class="zhuanming">阿<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00189','1726569',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P189</span></i>難</span>，諸皆效此。近見<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>僧到，多名爲<span class="zhuanming">迦葉</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">文殊</span>等，西土無嫌，亦如<span class="zhuanming">東夏</span><span class="zhuanming">相如</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">子貢</span>之類也。案<span class="shuming">寄歸傳</span>曰：西方受戒，以十夏前稱小師，十夏稱住位，通經論多者曰多聞﹑求寂，此皆通稱也。若單云僧，則四人以上方得稱之<a class="zhuhao" href="#1185" id="1154">〔二〕</a>。今謂分稱爲僧，理亦無爽，如萬二千五百人爲軍，或單己一人，亦稱軍也。僧亦同之。<span class="zhuanming">南山律師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1186" id="1155">〔三〕</a>云：沙門者，凡聖同稱也。西天異道，亦號沙門，故須<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>字以别之。二種合稱，猶此方人稱爵里及姓氏也。然姓所同也，苟用單名，名所獨也，獨則簡濫焉。自<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">晋</span>以來，沙門多從師姓，如<span class="zhuanming">支道林</span>姓<span class="zhuanming">關</span>，從師姓<span class="zhuanming">支</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1187" id="1156">〔四〕</a>；<span class="zhuanming">道安</span>姓<span class="zhuanming">衛</span>，從師<span class="zhuanming">佛圖澄</span>姓<span class="zhuanming">帛</span>。<span class="zhuanming">安</span>獨悟曰：從師莫過於佛。佛本姓<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>，遂通令比丘姓<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>。<span class="zhuanming">東夏</span>稱<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，自<span class="zhuanming">安</span>始也。後<span class="shuming">阿含經</span><span class="zhuanming">梵</span>本至，譯出，果有四河歸海，無復本名，四姓出家，咸稱<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>之文，自相符合也<a class="zhuhao" href="#1188" id="1157">〔五〕</a>。新翻苾芻<a class="zhuhao" href="#1189" id="1158">〔六〕</a>者，由苾芻草有五德，因號之。比丘者，訛<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>語也<a class="zhuhao" href="#1190" id="1159">〔七〕</a>。又舊曰除饉者，<span class="zhuanming">康僧會</span>注<span class="shuming">法鏡經</span>曰：凡夫於六情境，如餓夫夢食。出家人除去六情，名爲除饉也<a class="zhuhao" href="#1191" id="1160">〔八〕</a>。又<span class="zhuanming">習鑿齒</span>呼<span class="zhuanming">道安</span>爲道士<a class="zhuhao" href="#1192" id="1161">〔九〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>人多稱我，卑於尊所，稱亦無嫌，故<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>云「如是我聞」也<a class="zhuhao" href="#1193" id="1162">〔一○〕</a>。若此方對王者，<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>﹑兩<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>或稱名，或云我，或云貧道。故<span class="zhuanming">法曠</span>上書於<span class="zhuanming">晋簡文</span>，稱貧道<a class="zhuhao" href="#1194" id="1163">〔一一〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">支遁</span>上書乞歸<span class="zhuanming">剡</span>，亦稱貧道<a class="zhuhao" href="#1195" id="1164">〔一二〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">道安</span>諫<span class="zhuanming">符堅</span>，自稱貧道，呼<span class="zhuanming">堅</span>爲檀越<a class="zhuhao" href="#1196" id="1165">〔一三〕</a>。于時未爲定式。又<span class="zhuanming">跋陀</span>對<span class="zhuanming">宋孝武</span>云：從陛下乞願<a class="zhuhao" href="#1197" id="1166">〔一四〕</a>。此見呼陛下也。至<span class="zhuanming">南齊</span>時，<span class="zhuanming">法獻</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span>二人分爲僧正，對帝言論，稱名而不坐。後因<span class="zhuanming">中興寺</span><span class="zhuanming">僧鐘</span>啓答稱貧道，帝嫌<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00190','1726569',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P190</span></i>之，問<span class="zhuanming">王儉</span>曰：「先輩沙門與帝王共語，何稱？正殿還坐不？」<span class="zhuanming">儉</span>對曰：「<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">魏</span>佛法未興，不見紀傳。自僞國稍盛，皆稱貧道，亦聞預坐。及<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>初亦然。中代有<span class="zhuanming">庾冰</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">桓玄</span>等，皆欲使沙門盡禮，朝議紛紜，事皆休寢。<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>之中朝，亦令致禮，尋且不行。自爾迄今，多預坐而稱貧道。」帝曰：「<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">獻</span>二僧道業如此，尚自稱名，況復餘者？令揖拜則太甚，稱名亦無嫌。」由是沙門皆稱名於帝王，<span class="zhuanming">獻</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>爲始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#1198" id="1167">〔一五〕</a>。近朝今代，道薄人乖，稱謂表章，稱臣頓首。夫頓首者，拜也。稱臣，卑之極也。尋其所起，不出<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>時。<span class="zhuanming">隋</span><span class="zhuanming">大興善寺</span>翻經沙門<span class="zhuanming">法經</span>等進<span class="shuming">衆經目録</span>，猶未稱臣，止云衆沙門<span class="zhuanming">法經</span>等謹白皇帝大檀越<a class="zhuhao" href="#1199" id="1168">〔一六〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">後周</span><span class="zhuanming">釋曇積</span><span class="shuming">諫沙汰表</span>，亦唯稱名，白皇帝大檀越，後稱貧道<a class="zhuhao" href="#1200" id="1169">〔一七〕</a>。若<span class="zhuanming">後周</span><span class="zhuanming">釋任道林</span>對<span class="zhuanming">武帝</span>詔曰又稱臣，詳其時，<span class="zhuanming">林</span>形服已變<a class="zhuhao" href="#1201" id="1170">〔一八〕</a>，猶<span class="zhuanming">佛圖澄</span>法孫<span class="zhuanming">王明廣</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1202" id="1171">〔一九〕</a>同也，如作僧<span class="zhuanming">道林</span>，必不稱臣也。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">西明寺</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">玄則</span>上<span class="shuming">禪林妙記</span>，後序中但稱「僧等」二字。故序云：遂以匠<a class="zhuhao" href="#1203" id="1172">〔二○〕</a>物之餘，親迂睿旨，正名之末，特繕嘉題。僧等荷鎔施之恩，緘紹隆之澤云<a class="zhuhao" href="#1204" id="1173">〔二一〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">唐三藏</span><span class="shuming">請御製經序表</span>，稱沙門<span class="zhuanming">玄奘</span>，答詔云「敕<span class="zhuanming">奘尚</span>」而不名也<a class="zhuhao" href="#1205" id="1174">〔二二〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>中，詔僧尼居道下，京邑沙門<span class="zhuanming">智實</span>上表論班位，亦唯稱名<a class="zhuhao" href="#1206" id="1175">〔二三〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">高宗</span>勒僧道二教拜君親，時<span class="shuming">司戎議</span>狀曰：不孝莫過於絶嗣，何不制以婚姻？不忠莫大於不臣，何不令稱臣妾<a class="zhuhao" href="#1207" id="1176">〔二四〕</a>？由是知之，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>之三葉，猶未稱臣也。<span class="zhuanming">肅宗</span><span class="zhuanming">上元</span>元年三月八日，降御札，遣中使<span class="zhuanming">劉楚江</span>請<span class="zhuanming">曹谿</span><span class="zhuanming">六祖</span>所傳衣鉢入内，并詔弟子<span class="zhuanming">令韜</span>。<span class="zhuanming">韜</span>表<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00191','1726569',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P191</span></i>辭年老，遣弟子<span class="zhuanming">明象</span>上表稱臣，見于史傳<a class="zhuhao" href="#1208" id="1177">〔二五〕</a>。自此始也。或曰：<span class="zhuanming">法琳</span>上表論道居僧上，云：「臣年迫桑<a class="zhuhao" href="#1209" id="1178">〔二六〕</a>榆，始遇太平之世；貌侵蒲柳，方值聖明之君。」<a class="zhuhao" href="#1210" id="1179">〔二七〕</a>若然者，<span class="zhuanming">法琳</span>已自稱臣，何以<span class="zhuanming">高宗</span>朝<span class="shuming">司戎議</span>云「不忠莫大於不臣，何不令稱臣妾？」苟或<span class="zhuanming">琳公</span>已稱，司戎必無此句。答曰：<span class="zhuanming">宣律</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">威秀</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1211" id="1180">〔二八〕</a>等皆不稱臣，恐<span class="zhuanming">法琳</span>危迫情切，乍稱之耳。朝廷未著于令式，衆不同稱，故司戎云「何不令稱臣妾」，其次又疑傳寫者錯誤耳。據此説，則<span class="zhuanming">法琳</span>稱臣，又在初也。<span class="zhuanming">肅宗</span><span class="zhuanming">至德</span>二年，隨駕檢校<span class="zhuanming">藥師</span>道場，内供奉僧<span class="zhuanming">元皎</span>奏道場内生李樹四十九莖，表中云：臣等忝爲臣子<a class="zhuhao" href="#1212" id="1181">〔二九〕</a>。至<span class="zhuanming">上元</span>元年九月八日敕，今後僧尼朝會，並不須稱臣及禮拜<a class="zhuhao" href="#1213" id="1182">〔三○〕</a>。斯乃因<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>中令僧道拜時皆稱臣，至是方免也。<span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>八年，又放元日﹑冬至，朝賀陪位。蓋以<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>之世，君臣表裏，偕重空門，此亦久污則隆，既否終泰也<a class="zhuhao" href="#1214" id="1183">〔三一〕</a>。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1153" id="1184">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">翻譯名義集</span>卷一<span class="shuming">十大弟子篇</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>，<span class="shuming">大論</span>：『<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>言<span class="zhuanming">歡喜</span>。』佛成道時，<span class="zhuanming">斛飯王</span>家使來白<span class="zhuanming">浄飯王</span>言：『貴弟生男。』王心歡喜，言：『今日大吉。』語來使言：『是男當字爲<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>。』舉國欣慶，又名<span class="zhuanming">慶喜</span>。亦翻<span class="zhuanming">無染</span>，雖殘思未盡，隨佛入天人龍宫，見女心無染著故。玄云持三藏教。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1154" id="1185">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">南海寄歸内法傳</span>卷三<span class="shuming">受戒軌則</span>：「然西方行法，受近圓已去，名鐸曷攞，</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">譯爲小師。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">滿十<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00192','1726569',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P192</span></i>夏，名悉他薜攞，</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">譯爲住位。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">得離依止而住，又得爲鄔波馱耶。凡有書疏往還，題云求寂某乙﹑小苾芻某乙﹑住位苾芻某乙。若學通内外，德行高著者，便云多聞苾芻某乙，不可云僧某乙。僧是僧伽，目乎大衆，寧容一己，輒道四人，西方無此法也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1155" id="1186">〔三〕</a>南山律師：<span class="zhuanming">釋道宣</span>。一生大部分時間居<span class="zhuanming">終南山</span>，故世稱<span class="zhuanming">南山律師</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">南山大師</span>，撰<span class="shuming">四分律删繁補闕行事鈔</span>，解釋戒律，簡稱<span class="shuming">南山鈔</span>﹑<span class="shuming">行事鈔</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1156" id="1187">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷四<span class="shuming">支遁傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">支遁</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">道林</span>，本姓<span class="zhuanming">關氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">陳留</span>人。或云<span class="zhuanming">河東</span><span class="zhuanming">林慮</span>人。」其所師何人，史無明載。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1157" id="1188">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷五<span class="shuming">釋道安傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋道安</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">衛氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">常山</span><span class="zhuanming">扶柳</span>人也。……後爲受具戒，恣其遊學，至<span class="zhuanming">鄴</span>入<span class="zhuanming">中寺</span>，遇<span class="zhuanming">佛圖澄</span>。<span class="zhuanming">澄</span>見而嗟歎，與語終日。衆見形貌不稱，咸共輕怪，<span class="zhuanming">澄</span>曰：『此人遠識，非爾儔也。』因事<span class="zhuanming">澄</span>爲師。……初，<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">晋</span>沙門依師爲姓，故姓各不同。<span class="zhuanming">安</span>以爲大師之本，莫尊<span class="zhuanming">釋迦</span>，乃以<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>命氏。後獲<span class="shuming">增一阿含</span>，果稱四河入海，無復河名。四姓爲沙門，皆稱<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>種。既懸與經符，遂爲永式。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1158" id="1189">〔六〕</a><span class="zhuanming">慧琳</span>撰<span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷二：「苾蒭，上毗逸反，下測虞，<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>語草名也。<span class="zhuanming">僧肇法師</span>義苾蒭有四勝德：一名浄乞食，二名破煩惱，三名能持戒，四名能怖魔。<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>文巧妙，一言具含四義，故存<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>言也。」又，<span class="shuming">翻譯名義集</span>卷三：「苾芻，古師云含五義：一﹑體性柔軟，喻出家人能折伏身語麤獷故；二﹑引蔓旁布，喻出家人傳法度人，連延不絶故；三﹑馨香遠聞，喻出家人戒<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00193','1726569',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P193</span></i>德芬馥，爲衆所聞；四﹑能療疼痛，喻出家人能斷煩惱毒害故；五﹑不背日光，喻出家人常向佛日故。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1159" id="1190">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷二七<span class="shuming">音妙法蓮花經序品</span>：「比丘，<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>云苾蒭，此具五義：一﹑怖魔，二﹑乞士，三﹑浄命，四﹑浄戒，五﹑破惡。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1160" id="1191">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷三<span class="zhuanming">玄應</span>撰<span class="shuming">明度無極經音義</span>：「除饉，渠鎮反，舊經中或作除士﹑除女，或言薰士﹑薰女，今言比丘﹑比丘尼是也。<span class="shuming">分别功德論</span>云：世人飢饉於色欲，比丘除此愛饉之飢想，故名除饉。又案<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>言比丘，此云乞士，即與除饉義同。又<span class="zhuanming">康僧會</span>注<span class="shuming">法鏡經</span>云：凡夫貪染六塵，猶餓夫夢飯，不知猒足。人斷去貪染，除六情飢，故號出家者爲除饉也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1161" id="1192">〔九〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷五<span class="shuming">釋道安傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">習鑿齒</span>與<span class="zhuanming">謝安</span>書云：『來此見<span class="zhuanming">釋道安</span>，故是遠勝，非常道士。』」按：早期僧徒，多稱道士。如<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷二<span class="shuming">鳩摩羅什傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">什</span>拒而不受，辭甚苦到。<span class="zhuanming">光</span>曰：『道士之操，不踰先父，何可固辭？』」此道士，即指<span class="zhuanming">鳩摩羅什</span>。又如卷三<span class="shuming">求那跋摩傳</span>：「初，未至一日，<span class="zhuanming">闍婆王</span>母夜夢見一道士飛舶入國，明旦，果是<span class="zhuanming">跋摩</span>來至。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1162" id="1193">〔一○〕</a>按：佛經多有以「如是我聞」開頭者。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1163" id="1194">〔一一〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷五<span class="shuming">竺法曠傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">竺法曠</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">睪</span>，<span class="zhuanming">下邳</span>人。……<span class="zhuanming">晋簡文皇帝</span>遣<span class="zhuanming">堂邑</span>太守<span class="zhuanming">曲安遠</span>詔問起居，并諮以妖星，請<span class="zhuanming">曠</span>爲力。<span class="zhuanming">曠</span>答詔曰：『昔<span class="zhuanming">宋景</span>修福，妖星移次，陛下光輔以來，政刑允輯，天下任重，萬機事殷，失之毫釐，差以千里。唯當勤修德政，以賽天譴，貧道必當盡<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00194','1726569',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P194</span></i>誠上答，正恐有心無力耳。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1164" id="1195">〔一二〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷四<span class="shuming">支遁傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">遁</span>淹留京師，涉將三載，乃還<span class="zhuanming">東山</span>，上書告辭。」其中有云：「貧道野逸<span class="zhuanming">東山</span>，與世異榮。」「既而收迹<span class="zhuanming">剡山</span>，畢命林澤。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1165" id="1196">〔一三〕</a><span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一五<span class="shuming">道安法師傳</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">苻堅</span>）俄而顧謂<span class="zhuanming">安公</span>曰：『朕將與公南遊<span class="zhuanming">吴</span><span class="zhuanming">越</span>，整六師而巡狩，陟<span class="zhuanming">會稽</span>而觀滄海，不亦樂乎？』<span class="zhuanming">安</span>對曰：『檀越應天御世，有八州之富，居<span class="zhuanming">中土</span>而制四海，宜棲神無爲，與<span class="zhuanming">堯</span><span class="zhuanming">舜</span>比隆。今欲以百萬之衆，求厥田下下之土。且東南地卑氣厲，昔<span class="zhuanming">舜</span><span class="zhuanming">禹</span>遊而不反，<span class="zhuanming">秦皇</span>適而弗歸。以貧道觀之，非愚心所同也。<span class="zhuanming">平陽公</span>懿戚，<span class="zhuanming">石越</span>重臣，並謂不可，猶尚見拒，貧道輕淺，言必不允。既荷厚遇，敢不盡誠耳？』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1166" id="1197">〔一四〕</a>願：底本作「順」，據餘諸本改。<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷三<span class="shuming">求那跋陀羅傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">求那跋陀羅</span>，此云<span class="zhuanming">功德賢</span>，<span class="zhuanming">中天竺</span>人。……<span class="zhuanming">世祖</span>明其純謹，益加禮遇。後因閑談，聊戲問曰：『念丞相不？』答曰：『受供十年，何可忘德？今從陛下乞願，願爲丞相三年燒香。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1167" id="1198">〔一五〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一三<span class="shuming">法獻傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">獻</span>以<span class="zhuanming">永明</span>之中，被敕與<span class="zhuanming">長干</span><span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span>同爲僧主，分任南北兩岸。<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>本<span class="zhuanming">秦州</span>人，亦律禁清白，<span class="zhuanming">文惠太子</span>奉爲戒師。<span class="zhuanming">獻</span>後被敕<span class="zhuanming">三吴</span>，使妙簡二衆。<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>亦東行，重申受戒之法。時<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>與<span class="zhuanming">獻</span>二僧皆少習律檢，不競當世，與<span class="zhuanming">武帝</span>共語，每稱名而不坐。後<span class="zhuanming">中興</span><span class="zhuanming">僧鍾</span>，於<span class="zhuanming">乾和殿</span>見帝。帝問<span class="zhuanming">鍾</span>所宜，<span class="zhuanming">鍾</span>答：『貧道比苦氣。』帝嫌之，乃問尚書<span class="zhuanming">王儉</span>：『先輩沙門與帝王共語，何所稱？正殿坐不？』<span class="zhuanming">儉</span>答：『<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">魏</span>佛法未興，不見其記傳。自僞國稍<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00195','1726569',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P195</span></i>盛，皆稱貧道，亦預坐，及<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>初亦然。中代有<span class="zhuanming">庾冰</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">桓玄</span>等，皆欲使沙門盡敬，朝議紛紜，事皆休寢。<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>之中朝，亦頗令致禮，而尋竟不行。自爾迄今，多預坐而稱貧道。』帝曰：『<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">獻</span>二僧道業如此，尚自稱名，況復餘者？挹拜則太甚，稱名亦無嫌。』自爾沙門皆稱名於帝王，自<span class="zhuanming">暢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">獻</span>始也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1168" id="1199">〔一六〕</a><span class="zhuanming">法經</span>等撰<span class="shuming">衆經總録</span>卷七：「<span class="zhuanming">大興善寺</span>翻經衆沙門<span class="zhuanming">法經</span>等敬白皇帝大檀越：去五月十日，太常卿<span class="zhuanming">牛弘</span>奉敕須撰<span class="shuming">衆經目録</span>，<span class="zhuanming">經</span>等謹即修撰。總計衆經合有二千二百五十七部，五千三百一十卷，凡爲七卷，别録六卷，總録一卷，繕寫始竟，謹用進呈。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1169" id="1200">〔一七〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷一七<span class="zhuanming">釋曇積</span><span class="shuming">諫周祖沙汰僧表</span>，起始曰：「<span class="zhuanming">僧曇積</span>白：皇帝大檀越，德握乾坤，心懸白日。」結尾曰：「貧道餘年賤質，寄命<span class="zhuanming">關右</span>，欽化承恩，得存道業。是以呻吟策杖，送此丹誠，忓忤之愆，伏增戰越。敬白。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1170" id="1201">〔一八〕</a>見<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷一○<span class="shuming">周高祖巡鄴除殄佛法有前僧任道林上表請開法事</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1171" id="1202">〔一九〕</a>文見<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷一○<span class="shuming">周天元立有上事者對衛元嵩</span>。序曰：「前僧<span class="zhuanming">王明廣</span>，<span class="zhuanming">大象</span>元年二月二十七日，<span class="zhuanming">王明廣</span>答<span class="zhuanming">衛元嵩</span>上破佛法事。<span class="zhuanming">鄴城</span>故<span class="zhuanming">趙武帝</span><span class="zhuanming">白馬寺</span><span class="zhuanming">佛圖澄</span>孫弟子<span class="zhuanming">王明廣</span>，誠惶誠恐，死罪上書。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1172" id="1203">〔二○〕</a>匠：底本﹑<span class="zhuanming">淺野</span>本作「所」，據底本校記及<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1173" id="1204">〔二一〕</a>見<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷二○京師<span class="zhuanming">西明寺</span><span class="zhuanming">釋玄則</span><span class="shuming">禪林妙記後集序</span>：「遂以匠物之餘，親迂睿旨。正<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00196','1726569',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P196</span></i>名之末，特繕嘉題。僧等荷鎔施之恩，緘紹隆之澤，爰初肅召，載惕中襟。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1174" id="1205">〔二二〕</a>見<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷二二<span class="shuming">請御制經序表</span>﹑<span class="shuming">敕答玄奘法師前表</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1175" id="1206">〔二三〕</a>參見<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷二五<span class="shuming">令道士在僧前詔并表</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1176" id="1207">〔二四〕</a>見<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷二五<span class="shuming">今上制沙門等致拜君親敕</span>及<span class="shuming">司戎議</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1177" id="1208">〔二五〕</a>按：「令韜」﹑「明象」，<span class="shuming">曹溪大師别傳</span><span class="shuming">韶州曹溪山釋迦惠能辭疾表</span>作「行滔」﹑「惠象」：「<span class="zhuanming">上元</span>二年，<span class="zhuanming">廣州</span>節度<span class="zhuanming">韋利</span>見奏，僧<span class="zhuanming">行滔</span>及傳袈裟入内。<span class="zhuanming">孝感皇帝</span>依奏。敕書曰：『敕<span class="zhuanming">曹溪山</span><span class="zhuanming">六祖</span>傳袈裟，及僧<span class="zhuanming">行滔</span>并俗弟子<span class="zhuanming">韋利</span>，見令水陸給公乘，隨中使<span class="zhuanming">劉楚江</span>赴上都。<span class="zhuanming">上元</span>二年十二月十七日下。』又<span class="zhuanming">乾元</span>二年正月一日，<span class="zhuanming">滔和上</span>有表辭老疾，遣上足僧<span class="zhuanming">惠象</span>及家人<span class="zhuanming">永和</span>送傳法袈裟入内，隨中使<span class="zhuanming">劉楚江</span>赴上都，四月八日得對。」又<span class="zhuanming">惠象</span><span class="shuming">辭歸表</span>曰：「沙門臣<span class="zhuanming">惠象</span>言：臣偏方賤品，叨簉桑門，樂處山林，恭持聖教。其前件衣鉢自<span class="zhuanming">達磨大師</span>已來，轉相傳授，皆當時海内欽崇，沙界歸依，天人瞻仰，俾令後學覩物思人。臣雖不才，濫承付囑，一昨奉恩命勒送天宫，親自保持，永無失墜。臣之感荷，悲不自勝。是知大法之衣，萬劫不朽。京城緇侣，頂戴而行。然臣師主<span class="zhuanming">行滔</span>，久傳法印，保兹衣鉢，如護髻珠，數奉德音，不敢違命。一朝已殁，奄棄明朝。臣今欲歸，至彼啓告神靈，宣述聖情，陳進衣改寺之由，叙念舊恤。今之狀臣，死將萬足，不勝涕戀，懇款之至，供奉表辭以聞。沙門<span class="zhuanming">惠象</span>，誠悲誠戀，頓首頓首。謹書。」<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>與<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷八<span class="shuming">唐韶州今南華寺慧能傳</span>同：「後<span class="zhuanming">肅宗</span>下詔<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00197','1726569',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P197</span></i><span class="zhuanming">能</span>弟子<span class="zhuanming">令韜</span>，<span class="zhuanming">韜</span>稱疾不赴，遣<span class="zhuanming">明象</span>齎傳法衣鉢，進呈畢給還。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1178" id="1209">〔二六〕</a>桑：底本誤作「乘」，據<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1179" id="1210">〔二七〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">釋彦悰</span>撰<span class="shuming">唐護法沙門法琳别傳</span>卷中：「<span class="zhuanming">琳</span>年迫桑榆，始逢太平之世；貌侵蒲柳，方值聖明之君。竊聞子見一善，必獻其父；臣見一善，必獻其主。臣子於君父，敢不盡心者焉！何者？父有諍子，身不陷於不義；士有諍友，身不離於令名。<span class="zhuanming">琳</span>等雖預出家，仍在臣子之列，有犯無隱，敢不陳之！」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1180" id="1211">〔二八〕</a>宣律：即<span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>。　　<span class="zhuanming">威秀</span>，<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一七<span class="shuming">唐京師大莊嚴寺威秀傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋威秀</span>，不知何許人也。博達多能，講宣是務。志存負荷，勇而有儀。其於筆語掞張，特推明敏。無何，<span class="zhuanming">天皇</span>即位，<span class="zhuanming">龍朔</span>二年四月十五日敕勒僧道咸施俗拜。時則僧徒惶惑，罔知所裁，<span class="zhuanming">秀</span>嗟教道之中微，歎君王之慢法，乃上表稱沙門不合拜。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1181" id="1212">〔二九〕</a>參「内供奉并引駕」條注一。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1182" id="1213">〔三○〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四○：「（<span class="zhuanming">上元</span>元年）敕僧尼朝會，毋得稱臣。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1183" id="1214">〔三一〕</a><span class="zhuanming">胡寅</span><span class="shuming">崇正辯</span>卷三：「<span class="zhuanming">南齊</span><span class="zhuanming">法獻</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span>二人爲僧正，對帝言論，稱名而不坐。後因<span class="zhuanming">中興寺</span><span class="zhuanming">僧</span><span class="zhuanming">鍾</span>啓答稱『貧道』，帝嫌之，問<span class="zhuanming">王儉</span>曰：『沙門與帝王共語何稱？正殿坐？』<span class="zhuanming">王儉</span>對曰：『<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">魏</span>不見紀傳，自僞國皆稱貧道，與坐。<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>初亦然。<span class="zhuanming">庾冰</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">桓玄</span>等皆欲使沙門盡禮，尋亦休寢。』帝乃令稱名。近代道薄人乖，稱謂表章『臣頓首』。夫頓首者，拜也；稱臣，卑之極<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00198','1726569',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P198</span></i>也。<span class="zhuanming">唐高宗</span>勒僧道二教拜君親。時<span class="shuming">司戎議</span>曰：『不孝莫過於絶嗣，何不制以婚姻？不忠莫大於不臣，何不令其臣妾？』<span class="zhuanming">上元</span>元年九月，敕僧朝會，並不須稱臣﹑拜禮。乃因<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>中令僧拜﹑稱臣，至是方免也。<span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>八年，又放元日﹑冬至，朝賀陪位。蓋以<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>之世，君臣表裏，皆重空門，此亦久汙則隆，既否終泰也。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
僧講
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138139" key="1138139"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 僧講 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138140" key="1138140"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00049','1726524',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P49</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000048">僧講</p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">朱士行</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#380" id="377">〔一〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">潁川</span>人也。志業方正，少懷遠悟，脱落塵俗。出家之後，專務經典，常講<span class="shuming">道行般若</span>，每歎譯理未盡，乃於<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">甘露</span>五年，發迹<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>，度<span class="zhuanming">流沙</span>，至<span class="zhuanming">于闐</span>，得<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>書正本九十章。彼國多小乘學者，譖<a class="zhuhao" href="#381" id="378">〔二〕</a>於王曰：「<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>地沙門，欲以婆羅門書惑亂正法，何不禁之？聾盲<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>地，王之咎也。」王乃不聽齎經東去。<span class="zhuanming">士行</span>因請燒之爲驗。于時積薪殿前，誓畢而焚，其經無損，王始歸信。<span class="zhuanming">士行</span>寄經還國。<span class="zhuanming">竺叔蘭</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">無羅叉</span>譯爲<span class="shuming">放光般若</span>。<span class="zhuanming">叡法師</span>云「<span class="zhuanming">士行</span>於<span class="zhuanming">洛中</span>講<span class="shuming">小品</span>，往往不通。遠出<span class="zhuanming">流沙</span>，求<span class="shuming">大品</span>歸，出爲<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>音」<a class="zhuhao" href="#382" id="379">〔三〕</a>是也。<span class="zhuanming">士行</span><span class="zhuanming">曹魏</span>時講<span class="shuming">道行經</span>，即僧講之始也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#377" id="380">〔一〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">朱士行</span>，見<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一三﹑<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷四等。此條内容，亦見上述諸書。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#378" id="381">〔二〕</a>譖：<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>本作「讚」。<span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：「讚，恐『譖』之誤。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#379" id="382">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷五<span class="shuming">長安叡法師喻疑</span>：「昔<span class="zhuanming">朱士行</span>既襲真式，以大法爲己任，於<span class="zhuanming">雒中</span>講<span class="shuming">小品</span>，亦往往不通。乃出<span class="zhuanming">流沙</span>，尋求<span class="shuming">大品</span>。既至<span class="zhuanming">于填</span>，果得真本，即遣弟子十人，送至<span class="zhuanming">雒陽</span>，出爲<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00050','1726524',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P50</span></i><span class="zhuanming">晋</span>音。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
賜夏臘
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138143" key="1138143"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 賜夏臘 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138144" key="1138144"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00186','1726568',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P186</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000133">賜夏臘</p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">天后</span>朝，道士<span class="zhuanming">杜乂</span>迴心，求願爲僧，敕許剃染，配<span class="zhuanming">佛授記寺</span>，法名<span class="zhuanming">玄嶷</span>，敕賜三十夏。<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00187','1726568',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P187</span></i>以其乍入法流，須居下位，苟賜虚臘，則頓爲老成也。賜夏臘起於此矣<a class="zhuhao" href="#1147" id="1141">〔一〕</a>。次<span class="zhuanming">長慶</span>元年三月，<span class="zhuanming">天平軍</span>節度使<span class="zhuanming">劉總</span>，以<span class="zhuanming">幽州</span>私第爲佛寺，詔以<span class="zhuanming">報恩</span>爲名，仍遣中官<span class="zhuanming">焦仙晟</span>以寺額賜之。<span class="zhuanming">總</span>以幽<a class="zhuhao" href="#1148" id="1142">〔二〕</a>父之故，神情慌忽，故造佛寺。尋奏乞度爲僧，敕賜「大覺師」號<a class="zhuhao" href="#1149" id="1143">〔三〕</a>，仍加五十臘。此優異其人，欲令入法位高也。且律教許三人同引受戒，得法一時，尚推頭名爲大，豈分大族王門子弟邪？朝廷以<span class="zhuanming">劉氏</span>久據<span class="zhuanming">幽州</span>，美<span class="zhuanming">總</span>創知順理，故加臘賜之，慰其意也。<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">開平</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">吴越王</span><span class="zhuanming">錢氏</span>奏令季男出家，法名<span class="zhuanming">令因</span>，敕賜紫衣，號<span class="zhuanming">法相大師</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#1150" id="1144">〔四〕</a>，加三十臘。自此止，今不聞行此也。所言臘者，經律中以七月十六日是比丘五分法身<a class="zhuhao" href="#1151" id="1145">〔五〕</a>生來之歲首，則七月十五日是臘除也。比丘出俗，不以俗年爲計，乃數夏臘耳。經律又謂十五日爲佛臘日<a class="zhuhao" href="#1152" id="1146">〔六〕</a>也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1141" id="1147">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一七<span class="shuming">唐洛京佛授記寺玄嶷傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋玄嶷</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">杜氏</span>。幼入玄門，纔通經法，黄冠之侣，推其明哲，出類逸群，號<span class="zhuanming">杜乂</span>鍊師。方登極籙，爲<span class="zhuanming">洛都</span><span class="zhuanming">大恒觀</span>主。遊心<span class="shuming">七略</span>，得理<span class="shuming">三玄</span>，道術之流，推爲綱領。<span class="zhuanming">天后</span>心崇大法，揚闡<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>宗，<span class="zhuanming">乂</span>悟其食蓼非甘，却行遠舍，願反初服，嚮佛而歸。遂懇求剃落，詔許度之，住<span class="zhuanming">佛授記寺</span>，尋爲寺都焉。」<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷三九<span class="shuming">法運通塞志第十七之六</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">萬歲通天</span>元年）<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span><span class="zhuanming">弘道觀</span>主<span class="zhuanming">杜義</span>乞爲僧，賜名<span class="zhuanming">玄嶷</span>，賜夏三十<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00188','1726568',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P188</span></i>臘，敕住<span class="zhuanming">佛授記寺</span>。<span class="zhuanming">嶷</span>撰<span class="shuming">甄正論</span>以尊佛教。述曰：佛制，受戒以先後爲次序。今<span class="zhuanming">玄嶷</span>以新戒而居三十夏僧之上，雖曰國恩，實違佛制。厥後<span class="zhuanming">劉總</span>賜五十夏，<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">令因</span>加三十臘，皆本於此日之非法也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1142" id="1148">〔二〕</a>幽：<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本作「憂」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1143" id="1149">〔三〕</a>參「賜師號」條注五。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1144" id="1150">〔四〕</a>法相大師：<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>云「無相大師」。<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷五二<span class="shuming">法運通塞志十七之九</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">梁太祖</span><span class="zhuanming">開平</span>四年）<span class="zhuanming">吴越王</span><span class="zhuanming">錢鏐</span>幼子<span class="zhuanming">令因</span>爲僧，敕賜紫衣<span class="zhuanming">無相大師</span>，加同三十臘。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1145" id="1151">〔五〕</a>五分法身：<span class="zhuanming">竺佛念</span>譯<span class="shuming">菩薩瓔珞經</span>卷三<span class="shuming">識界品</span>：「戒身﹑定身﹑慧身﹑解脱身﹑解脱知見身，是謂<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>五分法身。」<span class="shuming">釋氏要覽</span>卷中<span class="shuming">五身</span>：「<span class="shuming">菩薩瓔珞經</span>云：一﹑如如智法身，二﹑功德法身，三﹑自法身，四﹑變化法身，五﹑虚空法身。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#1146" id="1152">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">楞嚴經集注</span>卷一：「<span class="shuming">熏聞</span>云：臘者，終歲祭祀之名也。<span class="zhuanming">夏</span>曰嘉平，<span class="zhuanming">殷</span>曰清祀，<span class="zhuanming">周</span>曰大䄍，<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>曰臘。臘，獵也，取禽獸祭先祖也。或云臘者，接也，新故交接也，故經律中謂七月十五日爲佛臘日，取此義。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
立壇得戒
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv752387" key="752387"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 立壇得戒 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv752388" key="752388"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00039','1726519',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P39</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000038">立壇得戒</p><p> <span>原其<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">魏</span>之僧也，雖剃染成形，而戒法未備，于時二衆，唯受三歸。<span class="zhuanming">後<a class="zhuhao" href="#328" id="319">〔一〕</a>漢</span><span class="zhuanming">永平</span>至<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">黄初</span>以來，大僧﹑沙彌，曾無區别。有<span class="zhuanming">曇摩迦羅三藏</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#329" id="320">〔二〕</a>及<span class="zhuanming">竺律炎</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">維祇難</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#330" id="321">〔三〕</a>等，皆傳律義。<span class="zhuanming">迦羅</span>以<span class="zhuanming">嘉平</span><span class="zhuanming">正元</span>中，與<span class="zhuanming">曇帝</span>於<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>出<span class="shuming">僧祇戒心</span>，立大僧羯磨法。東土立壇，此其始也。詳其曼荼羅<a class="zhuhao" href="#331" id="322">〔四〕</a>，大抵施設不同，或巨摩規地，或以木構層，築泥分級，俱名壇也；除土掃地，則名墠也。墠﹑場﹑壇不同，皆是<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>曼荼羅也。若據律宗，則須結仄<a class="zhuhao" href="#332" id="323">〔五〕</a>隅分限，從其自然，生於作法，緬想<span class="zhuanming">魏朝</span>，固應漠落矣。若此方受戒，則<span class="zhuanming">朱士行</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#333" id="324">〔六〕</a>爲其首也。<span class="zhuanming">南朝</span><span class="zhuanming">永明</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">三吴</span>初造戒壇，此又<span class="zhuanming">吴中</span>之始也。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>初，<span class="zhuanming">靈感寺</span><span class="zhuanming">南山</span><span class="zhuanming">宣律師</span>按法立壇，感長眉僧</span> <span class="font12 zhu">即<span class="zhuanming">賓頭盧</span>身也。</span> <span>隨喜讚歎<a class="zhuhao" href="#334" id="325">〔七〕</a>。立壇應法，勿過此焉。<span class="zhuanming">宣</span>撰<span class="shuming">戒壇經</span>一卷，今行于世<a class="zhuhao" href="#335" id="326">〔八〕</a>。余嘗慨<span class="zhuanming">南山</span>不明壇第四層覆釜形儀制，故著<span class="shuming">覆釜形儀</span>，樂者尋之，以輔博知也。今右街副僧録<span class="zhuanming">廣化大師</span><span class="zhuanming">真<a class="zhuhao" href="#336" id="327">〔九〕</a>紹</span>先募邑社，於東京<span class="zhuanming">太平興國寺</span>造石戒壇，一遵<span class="zhuanming">南山</span><span class="shuming">戒壇經</span>，宏壯嚴麗，冠絶於天下也。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00040','1726519',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P40</span></i>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#319" id="328">〔一〕</a>後：<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本作「從」，底本校：「後＝從。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#320" id="329">〔二〕</a>曇摩迦羅：摩，當作「柯」。<span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：「曇摩」恐「曇柯」之誤。參「譯律」條注五。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#321" id="330">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">維祇難傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">維祇難</span>，本<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>人。……以<span class="zhuanming">吴</span><span class="zhuanming">黄武</span>三年，與同伴<span class="zhuanming">竺律炎</span>來至<span class="zhuanming">武昌</span>，齎<span class="shuming">曇鉢經</span><span class="zhuanming">梵</span>本。<span class="shuming">曇鉢</span>者，即<span class="shuming">法句經</span>也。時<span class="zhuanming">吴</span>士共請出經，<span class="zhuanming">難</span>既未善國語，乃共其伴<span class="zhuanming">律炎</span>譯爲<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>文。<span class="zhuanming">炎</span>亦未善<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>言，頗有不盡。志存義本，辭近朴質。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#322" id="331">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷一○：「曼荼羅，荼音宅加反，<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>語無正翻，義譯云聖衆集會處，即此經一十七會。曼荼羅各各差别，並是修行﹑供養﹑念誦者道場也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#323" id="332">〔五〕</a>仄：<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本作「方」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#324" id="333">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷四<span class="shuming">朱士行傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">朱士行</span>，<span class="zhuanming">潁川</span>人，志業方直，勸沮不能移其操。少懷遠悟，脱落塵俗。出家已後，專務經典。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#325" id="334">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一四<span class="shuming">唐京兆西明寺道宣傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋道宣</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">錢氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">丹徒</span>人也，一云<span class="zhuanming">長城</span>人。……嘗築一壇，俄有長眉僧談道，知者其實<span class="zhuanming">賓頭盧</span>也。復三果<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>僧禮壇，讚曰：『自佛滅後，像法住世，興發毗尼，唯師一人也。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#326" id="335">〔八〕</a>戒壇經：即<span class="shuming">關中創立戒壇圖經</span>，一卷，<span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>撰，收入<span class="shuming">大正藏</span>卷四五。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#327" id="336">〔九〕</a>真：<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本作「貞」，底本校：「真＝貞。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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服章法式
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv752383" key="752383"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 服章法式 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv752384" key="752384"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00034','1726518',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P34</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000036">服章法式</p><p> <span>案<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>之世，出家者多著赤布僧伽梨<a class="zhuhao" href="#303" id="287">〔一〕</a>，蓋以西土無絲織物，又尚木蘭色并乾陀色，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00035','1726518',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P35</span></i>故服布而染赤也。然<a class="zhuhao" href="#304" id="288">〔二〕</a>則西方服色，亦隨部類不同：<span class="zhuanming">薩婆多</span>部，皂色衣也；<span class="zhuanming">曇無德</span>部，絳色衣也；<span class="zhuanming">彌沙塞</span>部，青色衣也<a class="zhuhao" href="#305" id="289">〔三〕</a>。著赤布者，乃<span class="zhuanming">曇無德</span>僧先到<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>土耳。後<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>有<span class="zhuanming">慧朗法師</span>，常服青納。<span class="zhuanming">誌公</span>預記云：<span class="zhuanming">興皇寺</span>當有青衣開士，廣行大乘。至<span class="zhuanming">朗</span>，果符其言矣<a class="zhuhao" href="#306" id="290">〔四〕</a>。廣明服色，如<span class="shuming">五部威儀所服經</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#307" id="291">〔五〕</a>中。今<span class="zhuanming">江表</span>多服黑色﹑赤色衣，時有青黄間色，號爲黄褐﹑石蓮褐也。東京﹑<span class="zhuanming">關輔</span>尚褐色衣，<span class="zhuanming">并部</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">幽州</span>則尚黑色。若服黑色，最爲非法也。何耶？黑是上染大色，五方正色也。問：緇衣者，色何狀貌？答：紫而淺黑，非正色也。<span class="shuming">考工記</span>中，三入爲纁，五入爲緅，七入爲緇<a class="zhuhao" href="#308" id="292">〔六〕</a>。以再染黑爲緅，緅是雀頭色，又再染乃成緇矣。知緇本出絳雀頭紫赤色也。故<span class="zhuanming">浄秀尼</span>見聖衆衣色，如桑熟椹，乃淺赤深黑也<a class="zhuhao" href="#309" id="293">〔七〕</a>。今<span class="zhuanming">秣陵</span>比丘衣色倣<span class="zhuanming">西竺</span>緇衣也。又<span class="zhuanming">後周</span>忌聞黑衣之讖，悉屏黑色。著黄色衣，起於<span class="zhuanming">周</span>也<a class="zhuhao" href="#310" id="294">〔八〕</a>。又三衣之外，有曳納播者，形如覆肩衣，出<span class="shuming">寄歸傳</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#311" id="295">〔九〕</a>。講員自許即曳之，若講通一本，則曳一支。講二三本，又<a class="zhuhao" href="#312" id="296">〔一○〕</a>隨講數曳之，如納播是也<a class="zhuhao" href="#313" id="297">〔一一〕</a>。又<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>宫人見僧自恣，偏袒右肩，乃一施肩衣，號曰偏衫<a class="zhuhao" href="#314" id="298">〔一二〕</a>。全其兩扇衿袖，失祇支之體，自<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>始也。復次脚曳𩌈𩍜，或革屣󷔺遮短𩍓靴等。<span class="shuming">寄歸傳</span>云：<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>有持竹蓋或持傘者<a class="zhuhao" href="#315" id="299">〔一三〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>高僧<span class="zhuanming">慧韶</span>遇有請，則自攜杖笠也<a class="zhuhao" href="#316" id="300">〔一四〕</a>。今僧盛戴竹笠，禪師則葼笠，及持澡罐﹑漉囊﹑錫杖﹑戒刀﹑斧子﹑針筒，此皆爲道具也。近有衣白色者，失之大甚。佛記「袈裟變白，不受染色」<a class="zhuhao" href="#317" id="301">〔一五〕</a>，此得非是乎？或有識如法衆主<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00036','1726518',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P36</span></i>奪之而壞其色，真爲護法有力之勝士也。昔<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>末<span class="zhuanming">豫章</span>有<span class="zhuanming">觀音禪師</span>，見南方禪客多搭白納，常以瓿器盛染色，勸令染之。今天下皆謂黄納爲<span class="zhuanming">觀音</span>納也<a class="zhuhao" href="#318" id="302">〔一六〕</a>。此師早曾聽學，護法爲情，于今稱之。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#287" id="303">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">翻譯名義集</span>卷七<span class="shuming">沙門服相篇</span>：「僧伽梨，<span class="shuming">西域記</span>云僧迦胝，舊訛云僧伽梨，此云合，又云重，謂割之合成。<span class="zhuanming">義浄</span>云僧迦胝，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>言重複衣。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#288" id="304">〔二〕</a>也然：底本作「然也」，據<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#289" id="305">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">舍利弗問經</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">摩訶僧祇</span>部，勤學衆經，宣講真義，以處本居中，應著黄衣。<span class="zhuanming">曇無屈多迦</span>部，通達理味，開導利益，表發殊勝，應著赤衣。<span class="zhuanming">薩婆多</span>部，博通敏達，以導法化，應著皂衣。<span class="zhuanming">迦葉維</span>部，精勤勇猛，攝護衆生，應著木蘭衣。<span class="zhuanming">彌沙塞</span>部，禪思入微，究暢幽密，應著青衣。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#290" id="306">〔四〕</a>按：慧朗，<span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>作「法朗」。<span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷七<span class="shuming">陳楊都興皇寺釋法朗傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋法朗</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">周氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">徐州</span><span class="zhuanming">沛郡</span><span class="zhuanming">沛</span>人也。……昔<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">天監</span>十年六月七日，神僧<span class="zhuanming">寶誌</span>記<span class="zhuanming">興皇寺</span>云：『此寺當有青衣開士，廣弘大乘。』及<span class="zhuanming">朗</span>遊學之時，初服青納。及登元席，乃與符同。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#291" id="307">〔五〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷四著録<span class="shuming">五部威儀所服經</span>一卷，曰「或云<span class="shuming">五部僧服經</span>」。失譯且「未見其本，今闕此經」。五部即<span class="zhuanming">曇無德</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">薩婆多</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">彌沙塞</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">迦葉維</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">摩訶僧祇</span>五個傳持律藏的派别，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00037','1726518',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P37</span></i><span class="shuming">五部威儀所服經</span>的内容，當是五部律藏僧侣衣服的規定。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#292" id="308">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">周禮</span><span class="shuming">考工記</span><span class="shuming">鍾氏</span>：「染羽，以朱湛丹秫，三月而熾之，淳而漬之。三入爲纁，五入爲緅，七入爲緇。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#293" id="309">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">比丘尼傳</span>卷四<span class="shuming">禪林寺浄秀尼傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">浄秀</span>，本姓<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>，<span class="zhuanming">安定</span><span class="zhuanming">烏氏</span>人也。……從外國沙門<span class="zhuanming">普練</span>諮受五戒，精勤奉持，不曾違犯。禮拜讀誦，晝夜不休。年十二，便求出家，父母禁之。及手能書，常自寫經。所有資財，唯充功德，不營俗好，不衣錦繡，不著粉黛。如此推遷，至十九，方得聽許，爲<span class="zhuanming">青園寺</span><span class="zhuanming">首尼</span>弟子。……見二<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>僧，舉手共語，一稱<span class="zhuanming">彌呿羅</span>，一稱<span class="zhuanming">毗佉羅</span>。所著袈裟，色如熟桑椹。<span class="zhuanming">秀</span>即以泥染衣色，令如所見。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#294" id="310">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷八<span class="shuming">辯惑篇</span><span class="shuming">周滅佛法集道俗議事</span>：「帝以得志於天下，一無所慮也。然信任讖緯，偏以爲心。自古相傳黑者得也，謂有黑相當得天下，猶如<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>末訛言黄衣當王，以黄代赤，承運之像，言黑亦然。所以<span class="zhuanming">周太祖</span>挾<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>西奔，衣物旗幟並變爲黑，用期訛讖之言，斯亦<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">光武</span>之餘命也。……故<span class="zhuanming">周祖</span>初重佛法，下禮沙門，並著黄衣，爲禁黑故。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#295" id="311">〔九〕</a><span class="shuming">南海寄歸内法傳</span>卷二<span class="shuming">衣食所須</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>云立播者，譯爲裹腹衣。其所製儀，略陳形樣，即是去其正背，直取偏袒一邊，不應著袖，唯須一幅，纔穿得手。肩袖不寬，著在左邊，無宜闊大。右邊交帶，勿使風侵。多貯綿絮，事須厚煖。亦有右邊刺合，貫頭紐腋，斯其本制。目驗西方有<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>地僧來，多見攜著。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00038','1726518',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P38</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#296" id="312">〔一○〕</a>又：<span class="zhuanming">淺野</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本作「亦」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#297" id="313">〔一一〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷四<span class="shuming">唐京師安國寺元康傳</span>：「系曰：<span class="zhuanming">康師</span>曳納播者何？通曰：<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>言立播，<span class="zhuanming">華</span>言裹腹衣，亦云抱腹。形制如偏袒，一幅纔穿得手，肩袖不寬。著在左邊，右邊施帶，多貯綿絮。然是禦寒之服，熱國則否，用此亦聖開。流于東土，則變成色帛，而削幅綴于左右袖上，垂之製曳然，旌表我通贍經論。一本則曳一支，多則多曳。未知稽古自何人始乎？今單言播，略立字耳，全非禦寒之意，翻爲我慢之衣。既失元端，而多濫作，别形聖教以俟後賢，此外無施異制以亂大倫。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#298" id="314">〔一二〕</a><span class="shuming">釋氏要覽</span>卷上<span class="shuming">法衣</span>：「偏衫，古僧依律制，只有僧祇支。</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">此名覆膊，亦名掩腋衣。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">此長覆左膊及掩右掖，蓋儭三衣故，即<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>之儀也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#299" id="315">〔一三〕</a><span class="shuming">南海寄歸内法傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">水有二瓶</span>：「所有瓶鉢﹑隨身衣物，各置一肩。通覆袈裟，擎傘而去。此等並是佛教出家之儀。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#300" id="316">〔一四〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">梁蜀郡龍淵寺釋慧韶傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋慧韶</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">陳氏</span>，本<span class="zhuanming">潁川</span><span class="zhuanming">太丘</span>之後。……性不乘騎，雖貴勝請講，逢值泥雨，輒自策杖戴笠，履芒屩而赴會焉。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#301" id="317">〔一五〕</a><span class="zhuanming">蕭齊</span><span class="zhuanming">釋曇景</span>譯<span class="shuming">摩訶摩耶經</span>卷下：「<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>垂淚而便答言：『我於往昔，曾聞世尊説於當來法滅之後事云：……千三百歲已，袈裟變白，不受染色。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#302" id="318">〔一六〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">趙令畤</span><span class="shuming">侯鯖録</span>卷三：「昔<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>末<span class="zhuanming">豫章</span>有<span class="zhuanming">觀音</span>禪衲，且南方禪客多搭白，常以瓿器盛染<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00039','1726518',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P39</span></i>色，勸令染之。今天下皆謂黄衲爲<span class="zhuanming">觀音</span>衲也。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
東夏出家
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138147" key="1138147"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 東夏出家 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138148" key="1138148"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00033','1726517',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P33</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000034">東夏出家</p><p> <span>夫狂蒙寄於伽藍，頓生善念；<span class="zhuanming">孟軻</span>鄰其學校，尋染儒風<a class="zhuhao" href="#284" id="281">〔一〕</a>。佛法既行，民人皆化，于時豈無抽簪解佩﹑脱履投形者乎？乃<a class="zhuhao" href="#285" id="282">〔二〕</a><span class="zhuanming">漢明帝</span>聽<span class="zhuanming">陽城侯</span><span class="zhuanming">劉峻</span>等出家，僧之始也。<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>婦女<span class="zhuanming">阿潘</span>等出家，此尼之始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#286" id="283">〔三〕</a>。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#281" id="284">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">列女傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">母儀傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">鄒</span><span class="zhuanming">孟軻</span>之母也，號<span class="zhuanming">孟母</span>，其舍近墓。<span class="zhuanming">孟子</span>之少也，嬉遊爲墓間之事，踴躍築埋。<span class="zhuanming">孟母</span>曰：『此非吾所以居處子也。』乃去，舍市傍。其嬉戲爲賈人衒賣之事。<span class="zhuanming">孟母</span>又曰：『此非吾所以居處子也。』復徙舍學宫之傍，其嬉遊乃設俎豆揖讓進退。<span class="zhuanming">孟母</span>曰：『真可以居吾子矣。』遂居之。及<span class="zhuanming">孟子</span>長，學六藝，卒成大儒之名。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#282" id="285">〔二〕</a>乃：<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">淺野</span>本作「及」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#283" id="286">〔三〕</a>按：此説本<span class="shuming">漢法本内傳</span>。<span class="shuming">集古今佛道論衡</span>卷甲<span class="shuming">後漢明帝感夢金人騰蘭入雒道士等請求角試事</span>引<span class="shuming">漢法本内傳</span>曰：「時有司空<span class="zhuanming">陽城侯</span><span class="zhuanming">劉峻</span>與諸官人﹑士庶等千餘人出家，及四嶽諸山道士<span class="zhuanming">吕惠通</span>等六百二十八人出家，<span class="zhuanming">陰夫人</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">王婕妤</span>等與諸宫人婦女等二百三十人出家。<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00034','1726517',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P34</span></i>至月末以來，日日供設，種種行施，法衣瓶器並出所司。便立十寺，七寺安僧，在城邑外。三寺安尼，在<span class="zhuanming">雒城</span>内。<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>興佛法，自此始焉。」<span class="zhuanming">釋法琳</span>撰<span class="shuming">破邪論</span>卷上引<span class="shuming">漢法本内傳</span>曰：「時司空<span class="zhuanming">陽城侯</span><span class="zhuanming">劉善峻</span>﹑官人﹑民庶及婦女等發心出家，四岳諸山道士<span class="zhuanming">吕惠通</span>等六百二十人出家，五品已上九十三人出家，九品已上鎮遠將軍<span class="zhuanming">姜苟兒</span>等一百七十五人出家，京都治下民<span class="zhuanming">張子尚</span>等二百七十人出家，<span class="zhuanming">明帝</span>後宫<span class="zhuanming">陰夫人</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">王婕妤</span>等一百九十人出家，京都婦女<span class="zhuanming">阿潘</span>等一百二十一人出家。十六日，帝共大臣文武數百人與出家者剃髮，日日設供，夜夜燃燈，作種種伎樂。比至三十日，法衣瓶鉢，悉皆施訖，即立十寺，城外七寺，城内三寺，七寺安僧，三寺安尼。<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>之佛法，從此興焉。」後世多以<span class="zhuanming">朱士行</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>地出家之首。<span class="shuming">北山録</span>卷四<span class="shuming">宗師議</span>曰：「<span class="zhuanming">朱士衡</span>（校注者按：即<span class="zhuanming">朱士行</span>）爲出家首焉。」第一位出家之比丘尼，<span class="zhuanming">阿潘</span>之外，亦有多説。<span class="shuming">比丘尼傳</span>卷二<span class="shuming">普賢寺寶賢尼傳</span>：「初<span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">升平</span>中<span class="zhuanming">浄撿尼</span>，是比丘尼之始也。」<span class="shuming">六朝事迹編類</span>卷一一：「<span class="zhuanming">鐵索寺</span>，本<span class="zhuanming">東晋</span>尼寺也。尚書<span class="zhuanming">仲杲</span>女見<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>書有比丘尼，問講師，師曰：『女子削髮出家爲比丘尼。』後因<span class="zhuanming">鐵索羅國</span>尼至，遂就此建寺，以<span class="zhuanming">鐵索羅</span>爲名，<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>尼自此始。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
管屬僧尼
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138151" key="1138151"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 管屬僧尼 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138152" key="1138152"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00125','1726552',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P125</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000102">管屬僧尼<span class="font12 zhu">祠部牒附</span></p><p> <span>教傳<span class="zhuanming">東漢</span>，時歷<span class="zhuanming">魏朝</span>，信向未臻，伽藍全少。僧既有數，事亦無多。及<a class="zhuhao" href="#832" id="811">〔一〕</a>反前言，則須關白。關白何所？還在鴻臚寺焉。故知沙門始隸鴻臚也。<span class="zhuanming">西晋</span>無説，<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>有云：初<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00126','1726552',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P126</span></i>立監福曹以統攝僧伍，尋更爲昭玄寺也<a class="zhuhao" href="#833" id="812">〔二〕</a>。故<span class="shuming">隋百官志</span>曰：昭玄寺掌佛教，署大統一人，統一人，都維那三人。置功曹﹑主簿員，以管諸州郡縣沙門矣<a class="zhuhao" href="#834" id="813">〔三〕</a>。後復改崇玄署焉。<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">僧祐</span>云：如今同文寺也<a class="zhuhao" href="#835" id="814">〔四〕</a>。因疑<span class="zhuanming">齊</span><span class="zhuanming">梁</span>之世，曾立同文寺以主僧務，未見其文。于時帶司呼官，故曰昭玄大統。至<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>初，窈無此謂<a class="zhuhao" href="#836" id="815">〔五〕</a>，僧尼皆隸司賓。案<span class="shuming">會要</span>云：<span class="zhuanming">則天</span><span class="zhuanming">延載</span>元年五月十五日，敕天下僧尼隸祠部，不須屬司賓。知<span class="zhuanming">天后</span>前係司賓也。此乃隸祠部之始也，義取其善攘惡福解災之謂也。<span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span><span class="zhuanming">開元</span>十四年<a class="zhuhao" href="#837" id="816">〔六〕</a>，中書門下奏僧尼割屬鴻臚寺，從之。一十五年<a class="zhuhao" href="#838" id="817">〔七〕</a>正月，敕僧尼令祠部撿挍，道士女冠隸宗正寺，蓋以<span class="zhuanming">李</span>宗入皇籍也。<span class="zhuanming">憲宗</span><span class="zhuanming">元和</span>二年二月，詔僧尼道士全隸左右街功德使。自是司封祠部，不復關奏。<span class="shuming">會要</span>曰：<span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>十四年，敕内外功德使並宜停罷。若然者，<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>朝早置功德使，但内外與左右街異耳。<span class="zhuanming">元和</span>中，併司封祠部，而置左右街功德使，由<span class="zhuanming">吐突承璀</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#839" id="818">〔八〕</a>累立軍功，故有此授，僧道屬焉。<span class="zhuanming">寶曆</span>中，護軍中尉<span class="zhuanming">劉規</span>亦充此使<a class="zhuhao" href="#840" id="819">〔九〕</a>。至<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>五年，廢寺像，敕僧尼不宜隸祠部。于時中書門下奏云：「奉宣，僧尼不隸祠部，合屬主客爲便<a class="zhuhao" href="#841" id="820">〔一○〕</a>，令鴻臚寺收管。宜分析奏來者。天下僧尼，國朝以來並隸鴻臚寺。至<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二年，隸祠部。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">與<span class="zhuanming">延載</span>時不同。</span> <span>臣等據<span class="shuming">大唐六典</span>，祠部掌天地宗廟大祀，與僧事殊不相當。又可務根本，合歸尚書省。隸鴻臚寺，未爲允當。又<span class="shuming">六典</span>，主客掌朝貢之國，七十餘蕃，<span class="zhuanming">五天竺</span>國，並在數内，<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>出自<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>，今陛<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00127','1726552',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P127</span></i>下以其非<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>之數，已有釐革。僧尼名籍，便令係主客，不隸祠部及鴻臚寺。」從之。六年五月制，僧尼依前令兩街功德使收管，不要係主客。其所度僧，仍令祠部給牒<a class="zhuhao" href="#842" id="821">〔一一〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>重闡佛宗，所度僧尼還屬左右街功德使，故<span class="zhuanming">楊欽義</span>充左街功德使，宣使之捕道士<span class="zhuanming">趙歸真</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#843" id="822">〔一二〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">昭宗</span>朝，宰臣<span class="zhuanming">崔某</span>奏誅宦官<a class="zhuhao" href="#844" id="823">〔一三〕</a>，内諸司使一切停罷，皆歸省寺，功德使宰執帶之。<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>革<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>命，道士不入宗正，僧尼還係祠部。<span class="zhuanming">梁末帝</span><span class="zhuanming">龍德</span>元年，禁天下私度僧尼。有願出家，勒入京比試後祠部上請焉<a class="zhuhao" href="#845" id="824">〔一四〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">後唐</span>無聞。<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>以<span class="zhuanming">揚光遠</span>爲天下功德使<a class="zhuhao" href="#846" id="825">〔一五〕</a>。自<span class="zhuanming">維青</span>不軌<a class="zhuhao" href="#847" id="826">〔一六〕</a>之後，不置此使矣。至今<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span>，僧道並隸功德使。出家乞度，策試經業，則功德使關祠部出牒，係于二曹矣。</span> </p><p> <span>論曰：鴻臚寺之任，禮四夷遠人也。教法初來，須就斯寺。雖興<span class="zhuanming">白馬</span>，終隸此司，古云僧尼係鴻臚寺者是也。及乎嘗蒟醬<a class="zhuhao" href="#848" id="827">〔一七〕</a>以言美，服皮靴<a class="zhuhao" href="#849" id="828">〔一八〕</a>而稍佳，則曰四海一家，王者無外，故<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>置監福曹焉﹑昭玄寺焉﹑崇玄署焉。設官布局，以攝僧尼。蒟醬而以生我土，皮靴而認作<span class="zhuanming">華</span>裝，故<span class="zhuanming">唐朝</span>勒歸祠部，既而因事釐革，逐朝廢興，故立功德使以總之。<span class="zhuanming">中宗</span>時，以沙門<span class="zhuanming">廓清</span>爲修功德使<a class="zhuhao" href="#850" id="829">〔一九〕</a>，官至殿中監，<span class="zhuanming">土突</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#851" id="830">〔二○〕</a>軍容軍功莫賞，朝廷議以功德使榮之，非謂專其僧道也。于時尚書省司封先屬其中，由是不出中官。洎<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>末行<span class="zhuanming">袁紹</span>之誅<a class="zhuhao" href="#852" id="831">〔二一〕</a>，職歸宰執。皇朝盛重此職，亦僧道之幸事也。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00128','1726552',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P128</span></i>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#811" id="832">〔一〕</a>及：底本作「乃」，據底本校記及<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#812" id="833">〔二〕</a>監福曹：<span class="zhuanming">北魏</span><span class="zhuanming">孝文帝</span>太和十七年（四九三）設立的中央統治和監督佛教教團的機構，二十一年（四九七），改名昭玄署。<span class="shuming">魏書</span>卷一一四<span class="shuming">釋老志</span>：「先是，立監福曹，又改爲昭玄，備有官屬，以斷僧務。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#813" id="834">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">隋書</span>卷二七<span class="shuming">百官志</span>：「昭玄寺，掌諸佛教。置大統一人，統一人，都維那三人。亦置功曹﹑主簿員，以管諸州郡縣沙門曹。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#814" id="835">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷二引<span class="shuming">魏書</span><span class="shuming">釋老志</span>曰：「先是，立監福曹，又改爲昭玄，備有官屬，以斷僧務。即如今同文寺﹑崇玄署是也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#815" id="836">〔五〕</a>窈無此謂：<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本作「無此竊謂」。如此，則「無此」屬上，「竊謂」屬下。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#816" id="837">〔六〕</a>十四年：當爲「二十四年」，參後引<span class="shuming">唐會要</span>及<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>文。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#817" id="838">〔七〕</a>一十五年：當爲「二十五年」，參後引<span class="shuming">唐會要</span>文。又<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四○<span class="shuming">法運通塞志第十七之七</span>亦作「二十五年」：「（<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>）二十五年，敕僧尼仍隸祠部，道士隸宗正寺，以<span class="zhuanming">李</span>宗屬皇籍也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#818" id="839">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">新唐書</span>卷二○七<span class="shuming">宦者傳</span><span class="shuming">吐突承璀傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">吐突承璀</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">仁貞</span>，<span class="zhuanming">閩</span>人也。以黄門直東宫，爲掖廷局博士，察察有才。<span class="zhuanming">憲宗</span>立，擢累左監門將軍﹑左神策護軍中尉﹑左街功德使，封<span class="zhuanming">薊<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00129','1726552',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P129</span></i>國公</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#819" id="840">〔九〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二<span class="shuming">法運通塞志十七之九</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">寶曆</span>元年，敕兩街建方等戒壇，左街<span class="zhuanming">安國寺</span>，右街<span class="zhuanming">興福寺</span>，以中護軍<span class="zhuanming">劉規</span>充左右街功德使。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#820" id="841">〔一○〕</a>便：底本作「仗」，據<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#821" id="842">〔一一〕</a><span class="shuming">唐會要</span>卷四九<span class="shuming">僧尼所隸</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">延載</span>元年五月十一日敕：天下僧尼隸祠部，不須屬司賓。<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>二十四年七月二十八日，中書門下奏：臣等商量，緣<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>至<span class="zhuanming">流沙</span>，化胡成佛法。本西方興教，使同客禮，割屬鴻臚。自爾已久，因循積久。聖心以元元本係，移就宗正，誠如天旨，非愚慮所及。伏望過元日後，承春令便宣。其道僧等既緣改革，亦望此時同處分。從之。至二十五年七月七日制，道士女冠，宜隸宗正寺。僧尼令祠部檢校。至<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二載三月十三日制，僧尼隸祠部，道士宜令司封檢校，不須隸宗正寺。<span class="zhuanming">元和</span>二年二月，詔僧尼道士同隸左街右街功德使。自是祠部司封，不復關奏。<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>五年七月，中書門下奏：奉宣，僧尼不隸祠部，合繫屬主客，與復合令鴻臚寺收管。宜分析奏來者。天下僧尼，國朝已來並隸鴻臚寺，至<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二年隸祠部。臣等據<span class="shuming">大唐六典</span>，祠部掌天下宗廟大祭，與僧事殊不相及。當務根本，不合歸尚書省。屬鴻臚寺，亦未允當。又據<span class="shuming">六典</span>，主客掌朝貢之國，七十餘番，五<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>國，並在數内。<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>出自<span class="zhuanming">天竺國</span>，今陛下以其非<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>之教，已有釐革。僧尼名籍，便令繫主客，不隸祠部及鴻臚寺，至爲允當。從之。六年五月制，僧尼依前令兩街<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00130','1726552',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P130</span></i>功德使收管，不要更隸主客。所度僧尼，令祠部給牒。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#822" id="843">〔一二〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二：「（<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>六年）五月，敕<span class="zhuanming">楊欽義</span>充兩街功德使，令兩街各增八寺，所度僧尼，仍令祠部給牒。○敕列聖忌辰並詣僧寺行香，一如舊典。以道士惑亂先朝，毁除佛教，敕功德使<span class="zhuanming">楊欽義</span>捕<span class="zhuanming">趙歸真</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">劉元清</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">鄧元超</span>等十二人，並集朝堂誅之，陳其屍首。」又卷五四：「<span class="zhuanming">武宗</span><span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>五年，用道士<span class="zhuanming">趙歸真</span>﹑宰相<span class="zhuanming">李德裕</span>謀，毁拆天下寺院，僧尼歸俗者二十六萬人。<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>人夜見<span class="zhuanming">穆王</span>冢吏云：<span class="zhuanming">李炎</span>奪壽去位。<span class="zhuanming">宣宗</span>即位，捕<span class="zhuanming">趙歸真</span>等十三人誅之，<span class="zhuanming">李德裕</span>貶死<span class="zhuanming">崖州</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#823" id="844">〔一三〕</a>崔某：即<span class="zhuanming">崔胤</span>，避<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>諱也。<span class="zhuanming">光化</span>三年初，<span class="zhuanming">崔胤</span>與上密謀盡誅宦官。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#824" id="845">〔一四〕</a><span class="shuming">舊五代史</span>卷一○<span class="shuming">末帝紀下</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">龍德</span>元年）三月丁亥朔，祠部員外郎<span class="zhuanming">李樞</span>上言：『請禁天下私度僧尼，及不許妄求師號紫衣。如願出家受戒者，皆須赴闕比試藝業施行，願歸俗者一聽自便。』」「（<span class="zhuanming">末帝</span>）詔曰：『兩都左右街賜紫衣及師號僧，委功德使具名聞奏。今後有闕，方得奏薦，仍須道行精至，夏臘高深，方得補填。每遇明聖節，兩街各許官壇度七人。諸道如要度僧，亦仰就京官壇，仍令祠部給牒。今後只兩街置僧録，道録僧正並廢。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#825" id="846">〔一五〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二<span class="shuming">法運通塞志十七之九</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">天福</span>）三年，以<span class="zhuanming">楊光遠</span>爲天下功德使，凡寺院皆屬焉。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#826" id="847">〔一六〕</a>維青不軌：指<span class="zhuanming">楊光遠</span><span class="zhuanming">青州</span>叛亂事。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00131','1726552',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P131</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#827" id="848">〔一七〕</a>蒟醬：爲異域所出産之珍味，後傳入中原。<span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷八三<span class="zhuanming">慧琳</span>撰<span class="shuming">大唐三藏玄奘法師本傳音義</span>卷八：「蒟醬，俱雨反。<span class="shuming">漢書</span><span class="zhuanming">南越</span>食<span class="zhuanming">唐象</span>蒟醬。<span class="shuming">音義</span>曰：木似穀樹，其葉如桑，葉作醬醋，美，<span class="zhuanming">蜀</span>人珍之。或從木，作枸。傳從酉，作󷔻，非也。」按：「唐象」當爲「唐蒙」之誤。<span class="shuming">史記</span>卷一一六<span class="shuming">西南夷列傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">南越</span>食<span class="zhuanming">（唐）蒙</span><span class="zhuanming">蜀</span>枸醬，<span class="zhuanming">蒙</span>問所從來，曰：『道西北<span class="zhuanming">牂柯</span>，<span class="zhuanming">牂柯江</span>廣數里，出<span class="zhuanming">番禺</span>城下。』」<span class="zhuanming">明</span><span class="zhuanming">弘贊</span><span class="zhuanming">在犙</span>輯<span class="shuming">四分律名義標釋</span>卷二八：「蓽茇，亦作蓽鉢，或云蓽茇羅。<span class="shuming">百一羯磨</span>云：蓽茇利，即蒟醬也。舊云蓽茇，略也。今按，蓽茇與蒟醬全殊。蒟醬藤蔓，蓽茇叢生如蒲，本出外國，今<span class="zhuanming">嶺南</span>有之，多生竹林内。正月發苗作叢，高二尺許，葉圓緣，闊二寸餘。五月開華，白色在表。七月結子，如小指般長，狀如車前子而短。秋末月收，老黑者不堪，紫褐者爲上。味辛烈過於蒟醬，根名蓽撥没。南人愛其辛香，或取葉生茹之。注<span class="shuming">蜀都賦</span>云：蒟醬，緣木而生，其子如桑椹，熟時正青，長二三寸，葉似黄瓜而厚大。實皮黑，肉白，食之香辛。其苗爲浮留藤。<span class="shuming">本草</span>云：蓽茇，消宿食，下氣，除胃冷，温中，痃癖，陰疝痛，並驅霍亂。冷氣疼，立却。能殺腥穢，食味堪調。久服走泄，腸虚下重。蒟醬主下氣温中，治心腹冷氣，散結氣，破痰積妙劑。茇，音撥。蒟，音舉。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#828" id="849">〔一八〕</a>皮靴：原爲少數民族的服飾。<span class="shuming">釋名</span>：「古有舃履而無靴，靴字不見於經，至<span class="zhuanming">趙武靈王</span>始服。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#829" id="850">〔一九〕</a>按：中宗，或爲「代宗」之誤。<span class="shuming">册府元龜</span>卷五二<span class="shuming">帝王部</span><span class="shuming">崇釋氏第二</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span><span class="zhuanming">永泰</span>）四年正<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00132','1726552',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P132</span></i>月，帝以<span class="zhuanming">章敬皇太后</span>忌辰，度僧尼道士凡四百人。是月，以修功德使<span class="zhuanming">大濟禪師</span><span class="zhuanming">廓清</span>檢校殿中監。<span class="zhuanming">廓清</span>，京城<span class="zhuanming">興唐寺</span>僧也。以修功德承恩，特賜袈裟及厩馬，出入禁中無時。初，賜號<span class="zhuanming">大濟</span>，至是，又寵以班秩，京師諸僧咸憚之。」又，廓清，或爲「廣清」之誤。<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四○<span class="shuming">法運通塞志第十七之七</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">中宗</span><span class="zhuanming">神龍</span>二年）沙門<span class="zhuanming">廣清</span>，檢校殿中監，充功德使。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#830" id="851">〔二○〕</a>土突：即<span class="zhuanming">吐突承璀</span>。參注八。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#831" id="852">〔二一〕</a>袁紹之誅：指誅殺宦官。<span class="zhuanming">唐昭宗</span><span class="zhuanming">天復</span>三年，<span class="zhuanming">汴宋</span>節度使<span class="zhuanming">朱全忠</span>擁兵迫<span class="zhuanming">昭宗</span>從<span class="zhuanming">鳳翔</span>還京，盡誅朝内外宦官。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
尼
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138154" key="1138154"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 僧主秩俸 &gt; 尼 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138155" key="1138155"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00125','1726551',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P125</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000100"><b>尼</b></p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">東晋</span><span class="zhuanming">何充</span>始捨宅爲寺，安尼其間<a class="zhuhao" href="#809" id="807">〔一〕</a>。不無神異義解道明之者，雄飛傑出矣。<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">寶賢</span>爲京邑尼僧正，<span class="zhuanming">文帝</span>四事供養，<span class="zhuanming">孝武</span>月給錢一萬。尼正之俸，<span class="zhuanming">寶賢</span>始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#810" id="808">〔二〕</a>。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#807" id="809">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">比丘尼傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">建福寺康明感尼傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">建元</span>元年春，與<span class="zhuanming">慧湛</span>等十人濟<span class="zhuanming">江</span>，詣司空公<span class="zhuanming">何充</span>，<span class="zhuanming">充</span>一見甚敬重。于時京師未有尼寺，<span class="zhuanming">充</span>以别宅爲之立寺。問<span class="zhuanming">感</span>曰：『當何名之？』答曰：『<span class="zhuanming">大晋</span>四部，今日始備。檀越所建，皆造福業，可名曰<span class="zhuanming">建福寺</span>。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#808" id="810">〔二〕</a>參「立僧正」條注二。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
僧主秩俸
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138158" key="1138158"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 僧主秩俸 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138159" key="1138159"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00122','1726550',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P122</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000098">僧主秩俸<span class="font12 zhu">尼附</span></p><p> <span>僧之少欲，本合辭榮。佛之軌儀，止令分衛。其如若無尊大，禦下誠難，或契宿因，冥招檀信，此又别時之意也。故<span class="zhuanming">那爛陀寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#798" id="789">〔一〕</a>有學通諸部者，出入象乘，齋食官供。此方<span class="zhuanming">道寵</span>，日受黄金等。自<span class="zhuanming">姚秦</span>命<span class="zhuanming">僧䂮</span>爲僧正，秩同侍中<a class="zhuhao" href="#799" id="790">〔二〕</a>，此則公給食俸之始也。洎<span class="zhuanming">魏孝文</span>下<span class="shuming">歲施道人應統帛詔</span>云：<span class="zhuanming">應統</span>仰紹前哲，繼軌道門，徵佇玄範，沖猷是託。今既讓俗名，理宜别供，可取八解之義，歲施帛八百匹。準四輩之貺，隨四時而給。又修善之本，實依力命。施食之因，内典所美。可依朝官上秩，當月而施<a class="zhuhao" href="#800" id="791">〔三〕</a>。至於身後，猶齋僧資薦。僧官得俸<a class="zhuhao" href="#801" id="792">〔四〕</a>，時在<span class="zhuanming">孝文</span>之世也。<span class="zhuanming">唐代宗</span>令度支具廪給内道場僧<a class="zhuhao" href="#802" id="793">〔五〕</a>。又，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="shuming">祠部格</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#803" id="794">〔六〕</a>：道士通二篇，給田三十畝。僧通經業，準上給田也。</span> </p><p> <span>論曰：<span class="zhuanming">西域</span><span class="zhuanming">飲光</span>糞衣紏衆<a class="zhuhao" href="#804" id="795">〔七〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">北齊</span><span class="zhuanming">上統</span>布服臨官<a class="zhuhao" href="#805" id="796">〔八〕</a>。或尚道情，則凡愚者不畏；或多豪富，則忌剋者所謀。吏力豈得不無，俸財可宜多畜？盜憎民惡，負乘懷璧，立加害己，又損法門。子曰：「與其奢也，寧儉。」<a class="zhuhao" href="#806" id="797">〔九〕</a>宜以道德悦服於人，可矣。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00123','1726550',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P123</span></i>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#789" id="798">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">大唐大慈恩寺三藏法師傳</span>卷三<span class="shuming">起阿踰陀國終伊爛拏國</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">那爛陀寺</span>者，此云<span class="zhuanming">施無厭寺</span>。耆舊相傳，此伽藍南<span class="zhuanming">菴没羅園</span>中有池，池有龍名<span class="zhuanming">那爛陀</span>，傍建伽藍，故以爲號。又云是<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>昔行菩薩道時，爲大國王建都此地，憐愍孤窮，常行惠捨，物念其恩，故號其處爲<span class="zhuanming">施無厭地</span>也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#790" id="799">〔二〕</a>見<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷六<span class="shuming">僧䂮傳</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#791" id="800">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷二四<span class="shuming">僧行篇第五之二</span><span class="zhuanming">北魏孝文帝</span><span class="shuming">歲施道人應統帛詔</span>：「門下：<span class="zhuanming">應統</span>仰紹前哲，繼軌道門，徽佇玄範，沖猷是託。今既讓俗名，理宜别供。可取八解之義，歲施帛八百匹。准四輩之貺，隨四時而給。又修善之本，寔依力命。施食之因，内典所美。可依朝官上秩，當月而施。所以遠譬深理者，匪獨開崇俗心，抑亦奬勵道意耳。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#792" id="801">〔四〕</a>俸：底本無，據<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本補。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#793" id="802">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一一八<span class="shuming">王縉傳</span>：「初，<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>喜祠祀，未甚重佛，而<span class="zhuanming">元載</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">杜鴻漸</span>與<span class="zhuanming">縉</span>喜飯僧徒。<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>嘗問以福業報應事，<span class="zhuanming">載</span>等因而啓奏，<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>由是奉之過當，嘗令僧百餘人於宫中陳設佛像，經行念誦，謂之内道場。其飲膳之厚，窮極珍異，出入乘厩焉，度支具廪給。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#794" id="803">〔六〕</a>格：指法律條文。<span class="shuming">唐六典</span>卷六<span class="shuming">尚書刑部</span>：「凡格二十有四篇，以尚書省諸曹爲之目，共爲七卷。」<span class="zhuanming">鄭顯文</span><span class="shuming">唐代道僧格及其復原之研究</span>（<span class="shuming">普門學報</span>第二○期）：「<span class="zhuanming">唐代</span>格是與律﹑令﹑式<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00124','1726550',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P124</span></i>並稱的另一種法律形式，是關於『禁違止邪』的刑法典。」「<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>格的性質主要是對法律的内容進行擴展和補充。」「<span class="zhuanming">唐代</span>主管佛教事務的機構隸屬於禮部的祠部司，有關佛﹑道方面的法規應收録於<span class="shuming">祠部格</span>内。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#795" id="804">〔七〕</a>飲光：即<span class="zhuanming">摩訶迦葉</span>，佛陀十大弟子之一。<span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷二三<span class="zhuanming">惠苑</span>撰<span class="shuming">新譯大方廣佛花嚴經音義</span>卷下：「<span class="zhuanming">摩訶迦葉</span>，具云『摩訶迦葉波』。言『摩訶』，此云『大』也。『迦葉波』，此云『飲光』也。此尊者上古先祖是大仙人，身有光明而能吞蔽燈火之光明，時人異之，號曰『飲光仙人』，因此標其氏族焉。又以尊者有頭陀大行故，時與其『大飲光』名耳。」　　糞衣：即糞掃衣。<span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷一一<span class="zhuanming">慧琳</span>撰<span class="shuming">大寶積經音義</span>卷二：「糞掃衣者，多聞知足上行比丘常服衣也。此比丘高行制貪，不受施利。捨棄輕妙上好衣服，常拾取人間所棄糞掃中破帛，於河澗中浣濯令浄，補納成衣，名糞掃衣。今亦通名納衣。律文名無畏衣，惡人劫賊之所不奪。經中亦名功德衣，一切<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>之所讚嘆。服此衣者，諸天常來禮敬供養。是故<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>讚<span class="zhuanming">大迦葉</span>，命令同坐易衣而披之，故名功德衣也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#796" id="805">〔八〕</a>上統：指<span class="zhuanming">釋法上</span>。<span class="zhuanming">法上</span>俗姓<span class="zhuanming">劉氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">朝歌</span>人。<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>二代，歷爲統師，故稱「<span class="zhuanming">上統</span>」。按：<span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷八<span class="shuming">齊大統合水寺釋法上傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">上</span>形量過人，岧然衆表，百千衆中，孤起頸現。衣服率素，納補爲宗，五條祇支，由來以布。法衣瓶鉢以外，更無餘財。生不履乘，步以畢命。門人成匠，任情所學。不私己業，遍用訓人。言常含笑，罪不加杖。自<span class="zhuanming">上</span>未任已前，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00125','1726550',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P125</span></i>儀服通混，一知綱統，制樣别行。使夫道俗兩異，<span class="zhuanming">上</span>有功焉。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#797" id="806">〔九〕</a><span class="shuming">論語</span><span class="shuming">八佾</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">林放</span>問禮之本。子曰：『大哉問！禮，與其奢也，寧儉。喪，與其易也，寧戚。』」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
浴佛
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138162" key="1138162"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 創造伽藍 &gt; 浴佛 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138163" key="1138163"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00021','1726512',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P21</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000024"><b>浴佛</b></p><p> <span>浴佛者，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">義浄三藏</span>躬游<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>，見<span class="zhuanming">印度</span>每日禺中維那鳴鐘，寺庭取銅石等像於盤内，作<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00022','1726512',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P22</span></i>音樂，磨香或泥，灌水，以㲲揩之。舉兩指瀝水於自頂上，謂之吉祥之水，冀求勝利焉<a class="zhuhao" href="#222" id="221">〔一〕</a>。問：浴佛表何？通曰：像佛生時龍噴香雨浴佛身也。然彼日日灌洗，則非生日之意。疑<span class="zhuanming">五竺</span>多熱，僧既頻浴，佛亦勤灌耳。<span class="zhuanming">東夏</span>尚臘八，或二月﹑四月八日，乃是爲佛生日也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#221" id="222">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">南海寄歸内法傳</span>卷四<span class="shuming">灌沐尊儀</span>：「但西國諸寺，灌沐尊儀，每於禺中之時，授事便鳴揵稚。</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">授事者，<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>云羯磨陀那。陀那是授，羯磨是事，意道以衆雜事指授於人。舊云維那者非也。維是<span class="zhuanming">周</span>語，意道綱維。那是<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>音，略去羯磨陀字也。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">寺庭張施寶蓋，殿側羅列香瓶。取金銀銅石之像，置以銅金石木盤内，令諸妓女奏其音樂。塗以磨香，灌以香水，</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">取栴檀沉水香木之輩於礎石上，以水磨使成泥，用塗像身，方持水灌。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">以浄白㲲而揩拭之，然後安置殿中，布諸花彩。此乃寺衆之儀，令羯磨陀那作矣。然於房房之内，自浴尊儀，日日皆爲，要心無闕。……至於銅像，無問小大，須細灰甎末揩拭光明，清水灌之，澄華若鏡。大者月半月盡，合衆共爲。小者隨己所能，每須洗沐。斯則所費雖少，而福利尤多。其浴像之水，舉以兩指，瀝自頂上，斯謂吉祥之水，冀求勝利。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
生日道場
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138166" key="1138166"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 内道場 &gt; 生日道場 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138167" key="1138167"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00150','1726556',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P150</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000110"><b>生日道場</b></p><p> <span>生日爲節名，自<span class="zhuanming">唐玄宗</span>始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#951" id="949">〔一〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">魏太武帝</span><span class="zhuanming">始光</span>二年立道場，至<span class="zhuanming">神䴥</span>四年，敕州鎮悉立道場，慶帝生日。<span class="zhuanming">始光</span>中，是帝自崇福之始也。<span class="zhuanming">神䴥</span>中，是臣下奉祝帝壽之始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#952" id="950">〔二〕</a>。自爾以來，臣下吉祝，必營齋轉經，謂之生辰節道場，于今盛行焉。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#949" id="951">〔一〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷八<span class="shuming">玄宗紀</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>十七年）八月癸亥，上以降誕日，宴百僚於<span class="zhuanming">花萼樓</span>下。百僚表請以每年八月五日爲『千秋節』，王公已下獻鏡及承露囊，天下諸州咸令宴樂，休暇三日，仍編爲令，從之。」<span class="shuming">唐會要</span><span class="shuming">節日</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>十七年八月五日，右丞相<span class="zhuanming">薛曜</span>﹑左丞相<span class="zhuanming">張説</span>等上奏，請以是日爲『千秋節』，著之甲令，布於天下。」「天下諸州咸令宴樂，休假三日。」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#950" id="952">〔二〕</a>參見「内道場」條注四。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
創造伽藍
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138169" key="1138169"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 創造伽藍 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138170" key="1138170"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00016','1726511',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P16</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000022">創造伽藍<span class="font12 zhu">浴佛行像附</span></p><p> <span>經像來思<a class="zhuhao" href="#201" id="181">〔一〕</a>，僧徒戾止<a class="zhuhao" href="#202" id="182">〔二〕</a>。次原爰處，必宅浄方。是以法輪轉<a class="zhuhao" href="#203" id="183">〔三〕</a>須依地也，故立寺宇焉。<span class="zhuanming">騰</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">蘭</span>二人角力既勝，<span class="zhuanming">明帝</span>忻悦，初於鴻臚寺延禮之。鴻臚寺者，本禮四夷遠國之邸舍也。尋令别擇<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>西<span class="zhuanming">雍門</span>外蓋一精舍，以白馬馱經夾<a class="zhuhao" href="#204" id="184">〔四〕</a>故，用白馬爲題也<a class="zhuhao" href="#205" id="185">〔五〕</a>。寺者，<span class="shuming">釋名</span>曰：寺，嗣也，治事者相嗣續於其内也<a class="zhuhao" href="#206" id="186">〔六〕</a>。本是司名，西僧乍來，權止公司。移入别居，不忘其本，還標寺號。僧寺之名，始於此也。僧伽藍者，譯爲衆園<a class="zhuhao" href="#207" id="187">〔七〕</a>，謂衆人所居，在乎園圃，生殖之所，佛弟子則生殖道芽聖果也。故經中有<span class="zhuanming">迦蘭陀竹園</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#208" id="188">〔八〕</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">祇樹給孤獨園</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#209" id="189">〔九〕</a>，皆是<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>之寺舍也。若其不思議之迹，即<span class="zhuanming">周穆王</span>造<span class="zhuanming">顯濟寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#210" id="190">〔一○〕</a>，此難憑準，命曰難思之事也。<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span><span class="zhuanming">太武帝</span><span class="zhuanming">始光</span>元年，創立伽藍，爲招提之號<a class="zhuhao" href="#211" id="191">〔一一〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">隋煬帝</span><span class="zhuanming">大業</span>中，改天下寺爲道場<a class="zhuhao" href="#212" id="192">〔一二〕</a>。至<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>，復爲寺也。</span> </p><p> <span>案<span class="zhuanming">靈裕法師</span><span class="shuming">寺誥</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#213" id="193">〔一三〕</a>，凡有十名寺：一曰寺，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">義準<span class="shuming">釋名</span>。</span> <span>二曰浄住，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">穢濁不可同居。</span> <span>三曰法同舍，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">法食二同界也。</span> <span>四曰出世舍，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">修出離世俗之所也。</span> <span>五曰精舍，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">非麁暴者所居。</span> <span>六曰清浄園，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">三業無染處也。</span> <span>七曰金剛刹，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">刹土堅固，道人所居。</span> <span>八曰寂滅道場，</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">祇園</span>有蓮華藏世界，以七寶莊嚴，謂之寂滅道場。<span class="zhuanming">盧舍那佛</span>説<span class="shuming">華嚴</span>於此<a class="zhuhao" href="#214" id="194">〔一四〕</a>。</span> <span>九曰遠離處，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">入其中者，去煩惑遠，與寂滅樂近故。</span> <span>十曰親近處。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">如行安樂<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00017','1726511',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P17</span></i>行，以此中近法故也。</span> <span>此土十名，依<span class="shuming">祇洹圖經</span>，釋相各有意致，如彼<span class="shuming">寺誥</span>也。今義加<a class="zhuhao" href="#215" id="195">〔一五〕</a>六種：一名窟，如<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>鑿山爲窟，安置聖像及僧居是也。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">今<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span><span class="zhuanming">龍門</span><span class="zhuanming">天竺寺</span>有石窟，有如<span class="zhuanming">那羅延金剛佛窟</span>等是。</span> <span>二名院，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">今禪宗<a class="zhuhao" href="#216" id="196">〔一六〕</a>住持，多用此名也。</span> <span>三名林，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">律曰住一林，經中有<span class="zhuanming">逝多林</span>也。</span> <span>四曰廟，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">如<span class="shuming">善見論</span>中<span class="zhuanming">瞿曇廟</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#217" id="197">〔一七〕</a>。</span> <span>五蘭若，</span> <span class="font12 zhu">無院相者。</span> <span>六普通<a class="zhuhao" href="#218" id="198">〔一八〕</a>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">今<span class="zhuanming">五臺山</span>有多所也。</span> </p><p> <span>又案，<span class="zhuanming">漢明帝</span>崩，起祇洹於陵上。自此百姓墳塚，或作浮圖者焉。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">出<span class="zhuanming">楊衒之</span><span class="shuming">伽藍記</span>中<a class="zhuhao" href="#219" id="199">〔一九〕</a>。</span> <span><span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>自<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">永平</span>至<span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">永嘉</span>，止有四十二寺。及<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>都<span class="zhuanming">洛</span>，盛信佛教，崇構相繼，臣下豪民競置寺宇，凡一千餘所。<span class="zhuanming">後趙</span>都<span class="zhuanming">鄴</span>，造寺八百餘區，今遺址或存焉<a class="zhuhao" href="#220" id="200">〔二○〕</a>。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#181" id="201">〔一〕</a>思：語氣詞。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#182" id="202">〔二〕</a>戾止：到來。止，語氣詞。<span class="shuming">詩</span><span class="shuming">周頌</span><span class="shuming">有瞽</span>：「我客戾止，永觀厥成。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#183" id="203">〔三〕</a>法輪轉：比喻講經説法。佛教認爲向衆生灌輸佛法，摧破迷夢，有如輪寶長轉，破邪降敵。<span class="shuming">大般涅槃經</span>卷一四：「善男子，諸佛世尊凡有所説，皆悉名爲轉法輪也。善男子，譬如聖王所有輪寶，未降伏者能令降伏，已降伏者能令安隱。善男子，諸佛世尊凡所説法亦復如是，無量煩惱未調伏者能令調伏，已調伏者令生善根。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#184" id="204">〔四〕</a>夾：<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本作「來」。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00018','1726511',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P18</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#185" id="205">〔五〕</a>參「經像東傳」條注一。<span class="shuming">洛陽伽藍記</span>卷四：「<span class="zhuanming">白馬寺</span>，<span class="zhuanming">漢明帝</span>所立也。佛教入<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>之始。寺在<span class="zhuanming">西陽門</span>外三里御道南。帝夢金神長丈六，項背日月光明。<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>神號曰佛，遣使向<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>求之，乃得經像焉。時以白馬負經而來，因以爲名。」又<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">攝摩騰傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">攝摩騰</span>，本<span class="zhuanming">中天竺</span>人。……<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">永平</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">明皇帝</span>夜夢金人飛空而至，乃大集群臣，以占所夢。通人<span class="zhuanming">傅毅</span>奉答：『臣聞<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>有神，其名曰佛，陛下所夢將必是乎。』帝以爲然。即遣郎中<span class="zhuanming">蔡愔</span>﹑博士弟子<span class="zhuanming">秦景</span>等，使往<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>，尋訪佛法。<span class="zhuanming">愔</span>等於彼遇見<span class="zhuanming">摩騰</span>，乃要還<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>地。<span class="zhuanming">騰</span>誓志弘通，不憚疲苦，冒涉流沙，至乎<span class="zhuanming">雒邑</span>。<span class="zhuanming">明帝</span>甚加賞接，於城西門外立精舍以處之。<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>地有沙門之始也。但大法初傳，未有歸信，故藴其深解，無所宣述。後少時，卒於<span class="zhuanming">雒陽</span>。有記云：<span class="zhuanming">騰</span>譯<span class="shuming">四十二章經</span>一卷，初緘在<span class="zhuanming">蘭臺</span>石室第十四間中。<span class="zhuanming">騰</span>所住處，今<span class="zhuanming">雒陽</span>城西<span class="zhuanming">雍門</span>外<span class="zhuanming">白馬寺</span>是也。相傳云：外國國王嘗毁破諸寺，唯<span class="zhuanming">招提寺</span>未及毁壞。夜有一白馬，繞塔悲鳴，即以啓王，王即停壞諸寺。因改『招提』以爲『白馬』。故諸寺立名，多取則焉。」以「白馬」名寺之又一説也。<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">竺法蘭傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">竺法蘭</span>，亦<span class="zhuanming">中天竺</span>人。自言誦經論數萬章，爲<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>學者之師。時<span class="zhuanming">蔡愔</span>既至彼國，<span class="zhuanming">蘭</span>與<span class="zhuanming">摩騰</span>共契遊化，遂相隨而來。會彼學徒留礙，<span class="zhuanming">蘭</span>乃間行而至。既達<span class="zhuanming">雒陽</span>，與<span class="zhuanming">騰</span>同止。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#186" id="206">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">釋名</span>卷五<span class="shuming">釋宫室</span>：「寺，嗣也，治事者嗣續於其内也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#187" id="207">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷二一<span class="zhuanming">慧苑</span>撰<span class="shuming">新譯大方廣佛花嚴經音義</span>卷上：「僧伽藍，具云僧伽羅摩。言<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00019','1726511',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P19</span></i>僧者，衆也；伽羅摩者，園也。或云衆所樂住處也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#188" id="208">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">五分律</span>卷一六：「時<span class="zhuanming">瓶沙王</span>作是念：佛止宿處，我當即以此處施佛，立於精舍。佛知其意，暮宿<span class="zhuanming">迦蘭陀竹園</span>。……明旦於竹園敷座，自出白：『食具已辦。』佛與大衆隨次而坐，王手自斟酌，歡喜無惓。食已行水，在一面立，白佛言：『今以此竹園，奉上世尊。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#189" id="209">〔九〕</a>祇樹給孤獨園：<span class="zhuanming">釋迦牟尼</span>成道後，<span class="zhuanming">憍薩羅國</span><span class="zhuanming">給孤獨長者</span>用黄金購置<span class="zhuanming">舍衛城</span>南<span class="zhuanming">祇陀太子</span>園地，建築精舍，請<span class="zhuanming">釋迦</span>説法。<span class="zhuanming">祇陀太子</span>奉獻了園内的樹木，故以二人名字命名。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#190" id="210">〔一○〕</a>顯濟寺：<span class="shuming">道宣律師感通録</span>作「顯際寺」：「又問：<span class="zhuanming">坊州</span><span class="zhuanming">顯際寺</span>山出古像者，何代所立？答云：像是<span class="zhuanming">秦穆公</span>所造，像出是<span class="zhuanming">周穆王</span>造寺處也。佛去世後，<span class="zhuanming">育王</span>第四女又造像塔，於此供養。於時此寺有一三果人住中，<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>相<span class="zhuanming">由余</span>所奉敬。往者<span class="zhuanming">迦葉佛</span>時，亦於此立寺，是彼沙彌<span class="zhuanming">顯際</span>造也。仍其本名，以爲寺額。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#191" id="211">〔一一〕</a><span class="zhuanming">志磐</span>撰<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷三八<span class="shuming">法運通塞志第十七之五</span>：<span class="zhuanming">後魏太武</span>「<span class="zhuanming">始光</span>元年，敕天下寺改名招提。</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">此翻十方常住。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">」又<span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷二<span class="shuming">隋東都雒濱上林園翻經館南賢豆沙門達摩笈多傳</span>：「寺乃此土公院之名，所謂司也，廷也。又云『招提』者，亦訛略也。世依字解，招謂招引，提謂提攜，並浪語也。此乃西言耳，正音云『招鬭提奢』，此云『四方』，謂處所爲四方衆僧之所依住也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#192" id="212">〔一二〕</a><span class="shuming">隋書</span>卷二八<span class="shuming">百官志下</span>：「郡縣佛寺，改爲道場，道觀改爲玄壇，各置監﹑丞。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00020','1726511',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P20</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#193" id="213">〔一三〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷九<span class="shuming">隋相州演空寺釋靈裕傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋靈裕</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">趙</span>，<span class="zhuanming">定州</span><span class="zhuanming">鉅鹿</span><span class="zhuanming">曲陽</span>人也。」著<span class="shuming">寺誥</span>，「述<span class="shuming">祇桓圖經</span>，具明諸院，大有準的。」（<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">釋道宣</span>撰<span class="shuming">關中創立戒壇圖經</span>）<span class="zhuanming">道宣</span><span class="shuming">四分律删繁補闕行事鈔</span>卷下（之三）：「有盛德法師造<span class="shuming">寺誥</span>十篇，具明造寺方法，祇桓圖樣，隨有所造，必準正教。并護持匡衆僧網綱要等，事繁不具。略引宗科造寺一法，謂處所須避譏涉，當離於尼寺及市傍府側等，佛殿經坊，極令清素，僧院厨倉，趣得充事，如此則後無所壞。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#194" id="214">〔一四〕</a><span class="zhuanming">佛陀跋陀羅</span>譯<span class="shuming">大方廣佛華嚴經</span>卷一<span class="shuming">世間浄眼品</span>：「如是我聞：一時，佛在<span class="zhuanming">摩竭提國</span>寂滅道場始成正覺。其地金剛具足嚴浄，衆寶雜華以爲莊飾，上妙寶輪圓滿清浄，無量妙色種種莊嚴，猶如大海；寶幢幡蓋光明照耀，妙香華鬘周匝圍遶，七寶羅網彌覆其上，雨無盡寶顯現自在，諸雜寶樹華葉光茂；佛神力故，令此場地廣博嚴浄，光明普照，一切奇特妙寶積聚，無量善根莊嚴道場；其菩提樹高顯殊特，清浄瑠璃以爲其幹，妙寶枝條莊嚴清浄，寶葉垂布猶如重雲，雜色寶華間錯其間，如意摩尼以爲其果，樹光普照十方世界，種種現化施作佛事，不可盡極，普現大乘菩薩道教；佛神力故，常出一切衆妙之音，讚揚如來無量功德，不可思議；師子之座，猶如大海，衆妙寶華而爲嚴飾，流光如雲，周遍普照無數菩薩大海之藏，大音遠震，不可思議。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#195" id="215">〔一五〕</a>加：底本作「如」，據<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#196" id="216">〔一六〕</a>宗：<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本作「衆」。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00021','1726511',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P21</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#197" id="217">〔一七〕</a><span class="shuming">善見律毗婆沙</span>卷一四：「爾時佛住<span class="zhuanming">毗舍離國</span>，於<span class="zhuanming">瞿曇廟</span>中，聽諸比丘受持三衣。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#198" id="218">〔一八〕</a><span class="zhuanming">圓仁</span><span class="shuming">入唐求法巡禮行記</span>卷二：「向西北行廿五里，到<span class="zhuanming">黄山</span><span class="zhuanming">八會寺</span>斷中。吃黍飯。時人稱之爲<span class="zhuanming">上房普通院</span>。長有飯粥，不論僧俗，來即便僧宿。有飯即與，無飯不與，不妨僧俗赴宿，故曰普通院。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#199" id="219">〔一九〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">楊衒之</span><span class="shuming">洛陽伽藍記</span>卷四<span class="shuming">白馬寺</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">明帝</span>崩，起祇洹於陵上。自此以後，百姓冢上或作浮圖焉。寺上經函，至今猶存，常燒香供養之。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#200" id="220">〔二○〕</a><span class="shuming">洛陽伽藍記</span><span class="shuming">序</span>：「自項日感夢，滿月流光，陽門飾豪眉之象，夜臺圖紺髮之形。邇來奔競，其風遂廣。至於<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>室<span class="zhuanming">永嘉</span>，唯有寺四十二所。逮<span class="zhuanming">皇魏</span>受圖，光宅<span class="zhuanming">嵩</span><span class="zhuanming">洛</span>，篤信彌繁，法教愈盛。王侯貴臣，棄象馬如脱屣；庶士豪家，捨資財若遺迹。於是昭提櫛比，寶塔駢羅，争寫天上之姿，競摹山中之影。金刹與<span class="zhuanming">靈臺</span>比高，講殿共<span class="zhuanming">阿房</span>等壯。豈直木衣綈繡，土被朱紫而已哉！暨<span class="zhuanming">永熙</span>多難，皇輿遷<span class="zhuanming">鄴</span>，諸寺僧尼亦與時徙。至<span class="zhuanming">武定</span>五年，歲在丁卯，余因行役，重覽<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>。城郭崩毁，宫室傾覆。寺觀灰燼，廟塔丘墟。牆被蒿艾，巷羅荆棘。野獸穴於荒階，山鳥巢於庭樹。遊兒牧豎，躑躅於九逵；農夫耕老，藝黍於雙闕。始知<span class="shuming">麥秀</span>之感，非獨<span class="zhuanming">殷</span>墟；<span class="shuming">黍離</span>之悲，信哉<span class="zhuanming">周</span>室。京城表裏，凡有一千餘寺。今日寥廓，鐘聲罕聞。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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内道場
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138172" key="1138172"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 内道場 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138173" key="1138173"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00145','1726555',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P145</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000108">内道場<span class="font12 zhu">生日道場附</span></p><p> <span>内道場起於<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#934" id="919">〔一〕</a>，而得名在乎<span class="zhuanming">隋朝</span>。何邪？<span class="zhuanming">煬帝</span>以我爲古，變革事多，改僧寺爲道場，改道觀爲方壇<a class="zhuhao" href="#935" id="920">〔二〕</a>。若内中僧事，則謂之内道場也。今朝<span class="zhuanming">兹福</span>等殿，安佛像經藏，立刹聲鐘，呼爲内寺是也<a class="zhuhao" href="#936" id="921">〔三〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">太武皇帝</span><span class="zhuanming">始光</span>二年，立至神道場。<span class="zhuanming">神䴥</span>四年，敕州鎮悉立道場<a class="zhuhao" href="#937" id="922">〔四〕</a>。蓋帝王生此日也。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">尋文，是生日權建法會耳。</span> <span>後<span class="zhuanming">天元</span><span class="zhuanming">大成</span>元年春正月，詔曰：隆建玄風，三寶尊重宜修，闡法化廣，理可歸崇。其舊沙門中，德行清高者七人，在<span class="zhuanming">政武殿</span>西安置行道<a class="zhuhao" href="#938" id="923">〔五〕</a>。此内道場之始也。<span class="zhuanming">南朝</span>或以尼在内中持課，又<span class="zhuanming">壽光殿</span>中群僧法集，或充學士，或號講員，或注解經文，或敷揚禪要，凡存禁中，並内道場也。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">則天</span>令大德僧<span class="zhuanming">法</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">處一</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">慧儼</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">行</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">感</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#939" id="924">〔六〕</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宣政</span>等在内道場念誦，以<span class="zhuanming">薛懷義</span>參雜其間<a class="zhuhao" href="#940" id="925">〔七〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">則天</span>又於<span class="zhuanming">洛京</span>大内置内道場<a class="zhuhao" href="#941" id="926">〔八〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">中宗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">睿宗</span>此制無改。<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>初喜祠祀，未重<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，而宰臣<span class="zhuanming">元載</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">杜鴻漸</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">王縉</span>皆歸向佛僧。</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">王縉</span>造<span class="zhuanming">寶應寺</span>。</span> <span><span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>嘗問福業報應事，<span class="zhuanming">元載</span>因而啓奏，由是信之過甚。常令僧百餘人於宫中陳佛像經教念誦，謂之内道場，供養甚貴，出入乘厩馬，度支具廪給。每西蕃入寇，必令群僧講誦<span class="shuming">仁王經</span>，以攘寇虜，幸其退，則加其錫賚。<span class="zhuanming">不空三藏</span>官至卿監，封國公，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00146','1726555',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P146</span></i>通籍禁中。又詔天下官吏，不得箠拽僧尼。又七月望日，於内道場造于蘭盆，飾以金翠，設<span class="zhuanming">高祖</span>七廟神座，各書神號識之。迎出内，陳於寺觀，引道繁盛，歲以爲常<a class="zhuhao" href="#942" id="927">〔九〕</a>。至<span class="zhuanming">建中</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">德宗</span>敕<span class="zhuanming">廣德</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">永泰</span>以來聚僧於禁中嚴設道場，並令徹去，遣出僧衆云<a class="zhuhao" href="#943" id="928">〔一○〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">順宗</span>朝，以<span class="zhuanming">端甫</span>掌内殿法儀，亦是此任。<span class="zhuanming">憲宗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">穆宗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">文宗</span>並<span class="zhuanming">端甫</span>掌内殿法事也<a class="zhuhao" href="#944" id="929">〔一一〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">文宗</span><span class="zhuanming">大和</span>九年四月二十六日，敕停内<span class="zhuanming">長生殿</span>道場<a class="zhuhao" href="#945" id="930">〔一二〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">武宗</span>初年，以生日德陽節，却置内<span class="zhuanming">長生殿</span>道場，及設内齋，僧道獻壽<a class="zhuhao" href="#946" id="931">〔一三〕</a>。後與道士<span class="zhuanming">趙歸真</span>惑亂<a class="zhuhao" href="#947" id="932">〔一四〕</a>，切齒求僧之過。至<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>四年，詔停内齋及内道場，惡意萌于此矣<a class="zhuhao" href="#948" id="933">〔一五〕</a>。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#919" id="934">〔一〕</a>按：内道場，即設於宫中的佛事修行場所。其起始之年代，説法不一。據<span class="shuming">晋書</span>卷九<span class="shuming">孝武帝紀</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">太元</span>）六年春正月，帝初奉佛法，立精舍於殿内，引諸沙門以居之。」<span class="zhuanming">孝武帝</span><span class="zhuanming">太元</span>六年（三八一）於殿内所立之精舍，即爲内道場，顯然早於<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>；又，<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷三七<span class="shuming">法運通塞志第十七之四</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">梁武帝</span><span class="zhuanming">天監</span>十六年）敕沙門<span class="zhuanming">慧超</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">壽光殿</span>學士，召衆僧法集講論注解經文，並居禁中。」注文曰：「此内道場之始。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#920" id="935">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">隋書</span>卷二八<span class="shuming">百官志</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">煬帝</span>即位，多所改革。」「郡縣佛寺，改爲道場，道觀改爲玄壇，各置監﹑丞。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00147','1726555',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P147</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#921" id="936">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四三<span class="shuming">法運通塞志第十七之十</span>引<span class="shuming">國朝會要</span>曰：「<span class="zhuanming">滋福殿</span>者，安佛像經藏，立刹聲鐘，即内道場也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#922" id="937">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷三八<span class="shuming">法運通塞志第十七之五</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">北魏</span><span class="zhuanming">太武</span><span class="zhuanming">始光</span>）二年帝誕節，詔於佛寺建祝壽道場。</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">聖節道場之始。</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">神䴥</span>元年</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">䴥，音加，牡鹿。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">帝誕節，詔天下佛寺並建道場。」<span class="shuming">歷朝釋氏資鑑</span>卷一<span class="shuming">聖節建立道場</span>：「僧録<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span><span class="shuming">僧史略</span>曰：<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">太武</span><span class="zhuanming">始光</span>二年，立道場爲祝壽。<span class="zhuanming">神䴥</span>四年，郟州悉立。蓋生日也，云生日暫建道場法會耳。<span class="zhuanming">始光</span>中，是帝自崇福之始也。<span class="zhuanming">神䴥</span>中，是臣下奉祀之始也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#923" id="938">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷一○<span class="shuming">辨惑篇第二之六</span><span class="shuming">周高祖巡鄴除殄佛法有前僧任道林上表請開法事</span>：「至<span class="zhuanming">大成</span>元年正月十五日，詔曰：弘建玄風，三寶尊重，特宜修敬，法化弘廣，理可歸崇。其舊沙門中，德行清高者七人，在<span class="zhuanming">正武殿</span>西安置行道。」亦見<span class="shuming">集古今佛道論衡</span>卷二﹑<span class="shuming">北山録</span>卷一○。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#924" id="939">〔六〕</a>此處人名多有脱漏，參下注。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#925" id="940">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一八三<span class="shuming">外戚傳</span><span class="shuming">薛懷義傳</span>云：「<span class="zhuanming">薛懷義</span>者，<span class="zhuanming">京兆</span><span class="zhuanming">鄠縣</span>人，本姓<span class="zhuanming">馮</span>，名<span class="zhuanming">小寶</span>。以鬻臺貨爲業，偉形神，有膂力，爲市於<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>，得幸於<span class="zhuanming">千金公主</span>侍兒。公主知之，入宫言曰：『<span class="zhuanming">小寶</span>有非常材用，可以近侍。』因得召見，恩遇日深。<span class="zhuanming">則天</span>欲隱其迹，便於出入禁中，乃度爲僧。又以<span class="zhuanming">懷義</span>非士族，乃改姓<span class="zhuanming">薛</span>，令與<span class="zhuanming">太平公主</span>婿<span class="zhuanming">薛紹</span>合族，令<span class="zhuanming">紹</span>以季父事之。自是與<span class="zhuanming">洛<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00148','1726555',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P148</span></i>陽</span>大德僧<span class="zhuanming">法明</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">處一</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">惠儼</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">稜行</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">感德</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">感知</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">静軌</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宣政</span>等在内道場念誦。<span class="zhuanming">懷義</span>出入乘厩馬，中官侍從，諸<span class="zhuanming">武</span>朝貴，匍匐禮謁，人間呼爲<span class="zhuanming">薛師</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#926" id="941">〔八〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">開元釋教録</span>卷九，有沙門<span class="zhuanming">義浄</span>於<span class="zhuanming">神龍</span>元年在東都内道場譯<span class="shuming">孔雀王經</span>的記載。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#927" id="942">〔九〕</a><span class="shuming">新唐書</span>卷一四五<span class="shuming">王縉傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">（王）縉</span>素奉佛，不茹葷食肉，晚節尤謹。妻死，以<span class="zhuanming">道政里</span>第爲佛祠，諸道節度﹑觀察使來朝，必邀至其所，諷令出財佐營作。初，<span class="zhuanming">代宗</span>喜祠祀，而未重浮屠法，每從容問所以然，<span class="zhuanming">縉</span>與<span class="zhuanming">元載</span>盛陳福業報應，帝意向之。繇是禁中祀佛，諷唄齊薰，號『内道場』，引内沙門日百餘，饌供珍滋，出入乘厩馬，度支具禀給。或夷狄入寇，必合衆沙門誦<span class="shuming">護國仁王經</span>爲禳厭，幸其去，則横加錫與，不知紀極。胡人官至卿監﹑封國公者，著籍禁省，勢傾公王，群居賴寵，更相凌奪，凡京畿上田美産，多歸浮屠。雖藏奸宿亂踵相逮，而帝終不悟，詔天下官司不得捶辱僧尼。初，<span class="zhuanming">五臺山</span>祠鑄銅爲瓦，金塗之，費億萬計。<span class="zhuanming">縉</span>給中書符，遣浮屠數十輩行州縣，斂丐貲貨。<span class="zhuanming">縉</span>爲上言：『國家慶祚靈長，福報所憑，雖時多難，無足道者。<span class="zhuanming">禄山</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">思明</span>毒亂方煽，而皆有子禍，<span class="zhuanming">僕固懷恩</span>臨亂而踣，西戎内寇，未及擊輒去，非人事也。』故帝信愈篤。七月望日，宫中造盂蘭盆，綴飾鏐琲，設<span class="zhuanming">高祖</span>以下七聖位，幡節﹑衣冠皆具，各以帝號識其幡，自禁内分詣道佛祠，鐃吹鼓舞，奔走相屬。是日立仗，百官班<span class="zhuanming">光順門</span>奉迎導從，歲以爲常。群臣承風，皆言生死報應，故人事置而不修，<span class="zhuanming">大曆</span>政刑，日以堙陵，由<span class="zhuanming">縉</span>與<span class="zhuanming">元載</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">杜鴻漸</span>倡之也。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00149','1726555',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P149</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#928" id="943">〔一○〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一二<span class="shuming">德宗紀</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">建中</span>元年）秋七月丁丑，罷内出盂蘭盆，不命僧爲内道場。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#929" id="944">〔一一〕</a>參「左右街僧録」條注八。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#930" id="945">〔一二〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二<span class="shuming">法運通塞志十七之九</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">唐文宗</span><span class="zhuanming">大和</span>九年）四月，翰林學士<span class="zhuanming">李訓</span>請罷<span class="zhuanming">長生殿</span>内道場，沙汰僧尼僞濫者。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#931" id="946">〔一三〕</a><span class="zhuanming">圓仁</span><span class="shuming">入唐求法巡禮行記</span>卷三：「（<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>元年）六月十一日（校注者按：<span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>作「十二日」），今上降誕日，於内裏設齋。兩街供奉大德及道士集談經，四對論議。二個道士賜紫，<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>門大德總不得著。」卷四：「（<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>三年六月）十一日，今上德陽日，内裏設齋，兩街大德及道士御前論議。每街停止十二員大德。功德使帖巡院，令簡擇大德，每街各七人，依舊例入内。大德對道士論義，道士二人敕賜紫衣，而大德總不得著紫。又德陽日前十五日，内宫内諸司各赴諸寺，設齋獻壽。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#932" id="947">〔一四〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一八上<span class="shuming">武宗紀</span>：<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>四年三月，「以道士<span class="zhuanming">趙歸真</span>爲左右街道門教授先生。時帝志學神仙，師<span class="zhuanming">歸真</span>。<span class="zhuanming">歸真</span>乘寵，每對，排毁<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，言非<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>之教，蠹耗生靈，盡宜除去，帝頗信之。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#933" id="948">〔一五〕</a><span class="zhuanming">圓仁</span><span class="shuming">入唐求法巡禮行記</span>卷四：「今上偏信道教，憎嫉佛法，不喜見僧，不欲聞三寶。<span class="zhuanming">長生殿</span>内道場，自古以來，安置佛像經教，抽兩街諸寺解持念僧三七人，番次差入，每日持念，日夜不絶。今上便令焚燒經教，毁拆佛像，起出僧衆，各歸本寺。於道場安置<span class="zhuanming">天尊</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">老君</span><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00150','1726555',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P150</span></i>之像。」「每年至皇帝降誕日，請兩街供奉講論大德及道士，於内裏設齋行香，請僧談經，對<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>教道教對論義。今年（校注者按：指<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>四年）只請道士，不請僧也。看其體色，從今以後，不要僧人入内。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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經像東傳
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138176" key="1138176"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 經像東傳 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138177" key="1138177"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00014','1726510',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P14</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000020">經像東傳</p><p> <span>原其佛道難思，神蹤本異，不可以常情測，不可以衆例求。唯如<span class="zhuanming">東漢</span>僧來，<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span>已逢於<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>筴；<span class="zhuanming">育王</span>塔現，<span class="zhuanming">秦朝</span>早有於靈儀。案<span class="shuming">釋老志</span>曰：<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>之學，聞於<span class="zhuanming">前漢</span>。<span class="zhuanming">武帝</span><span class="zhuanming">元狩</span>年中，<span class="zhuanming">霍去病</span>獲<span class="zhuanming">昆耶王</span>金人，帝以爲大神，列於<span class="zhuanming">甘泉宫</span>，燒香禮拜。此佛法流傳之始也。及開<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>，遣<span class="zhuanming">張騫</span>使<span class="zhuanming">大夏</span>還，云：<span class="zhuanming">身毒</span>有浮圖之教。<span class="zhuanming">哀帝</span><span class="zhuanming">元壽</span>年中，<span class="zhuanming">景憲</span>往<span class="zhuanming">月支</span>，口授得浮圖經。然時未敦信，道未通行。猶大江之初潦，若巨木之毫末耳。今以<span class="zhuanming">漢明帝</span>世，二沙門齎<span class="shuming">四十二章經</span>及白㲲畫像，爲其始焉<a class="zhuhao" href="#178" id="175">〔一〕</a>。又如<span class="shuming">感通傳</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">周穆王</span>造<span class="zhuanming">靈安寺</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#179" id="176">〔二〕</a>，<span class="zhuanming">永州</span>石花捧<span class="zhuanming">育王</span>塔等<a class="zhuhao" href="#180" id="177">〔三〕</a>，豈非<span class="zhuanming">東漢</span>前耶？斯乃思慮不遑，語議弗及者，可置度外。今且據事迹可思可議故，以<span class="zhuanming">永平</span>爲始也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#175" id="178">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">魏書</span>卷一一四<span class="shuming">釋老志</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">漢武</span><span class="zhuanming">元狩</span>中，遣<span class="zhuanming">霍去病</span>討<span class="zhuanming">匈奴</span>，至<span class="zhuanming">皋蘭</span>，過<span class="zhuanming">居延</span>，斬首大獲。<span class="zhuanming">昆邪<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00015','1726510',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P15</span></i>王</span>殺<span class="zhuanming">休屠王</span>，將其衆五萬來降。獲其金人，帝以爲大神，列於<span class="zhuanming">甘泉宫</span>。金人率長丈餘，不祭祀，但燒香禮拜而已。此則佛道流通之漸也。及開<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>，遣<span class="zhuanming">張騫</span>使<span class="zhuanming">大夏</span>還，傳其旁有<span class="zhuanming">身毒國</span>，一名<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>，始聞有浮屠之教。<span class="zhuanming">哀帝</span><span class="zhuanming">元壽</span>元年，博士弟子<span class="zhuanming">秦景憲</span>受<span class="zhuanming">大月氏王</span>使<span class="zhuanming">伊存</span>口授浮屠經。<span class="zhuanming">中土</span>聞之，未之信了也。後<span class="zhuanming">孝明帝</span>夜夢金人，項有日光，飛行殿庭，乃訪群臣，<span class="zhuanming">傅毅</span>始以佛對。帝遣郎中<span class="zhuanming">蔡愔</span>﹑博士弟子<span class="zhuanming">秦景</span>等使於<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>，寫浮屠遺範。<span class="zhuanming">愔</span>仍與沙門<span class="zhuanming">攝摩騰</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">竺法蘭</span>東還<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>。<span class="zhuanming">中國</span>有沙門及跪拜之法，自此始也。<span class="zhuanming">愔</span>又得佛經<span class="shuming">四十二章</span>及<span class="zhuanming">釋迦</span>立像。<span class="zhuanming">明帝</span>令畫工圖佛像，置<span class="zhuanming">清涼臺</span>及<span class="zhuanming">顯節陵</span>上，經緘於<span class="zhuanming">蘭臺</span>石室。<span class="zhuanming">愔</span>之還也，以白馬負經而至，<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>因立<span class="zhuanming">白馬寺</span>於<span class="zhuanming">洛城</span><span class="zhuanming">雍門</span>西。<span class="zhuanming">摩騰</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">法蘭</span>咸卒於此寺。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#176" id="179">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">道宣律師感通録</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">秦州</span><span class="zhuanming">麥積崖</span>佛殿下有舍利，山神廢（校注者按：廢，<span class="shuming">法苑珠林</span>引作「藏」）之。此寺<span class="zhuanming">周穆王</span>所造，名曰<span class="zhuanming">靈安</span>。經今四十年，常有人出。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#177" id="180">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">道宣律師感通録</span>：「今<span class="zhuanming">衡岳</span>南可五六百里，在<span class="zhuanming">永州</span>北，有大川，東西五百餘里，南北百餘里。川中昔有人住，數十萬家。今生諸巨樹，大者徑三二丈，下無草木。深林可愛。中有大江，東流入<span class="zhuanming">湘江</span>，尋澗見之即得川。南有谷，北入谷，有方池，四方砌石，水深龍居，有犯者輒雷震山谷。左則多山果，橘柚楊梅之屬，列植相次。池南有<span class="zhuanming">育王</span>大塔，石花捧之，以石龕覆與地平。塔東崖上具有碑記，篆書可識。登梯抄取，足知立塔之由。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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僧道班位
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138180" key="1138180"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 僧道班位 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138181" key="1138181"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00134','1726554',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P134</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000106">僧道班位</p><p> <span>佛法通行，朝代更歷。未全鼎成，則置而勿論；及動時君，則入宫見妒。加以僧乘時而炫曜，法因事而仳離<a class="zhuhao" href="#893" id="867">〔一〕</a>，乃與玄門抗衡角力。因有諍故，遂結朋黨，由朋黨故，遂生愛憎焉。經中不許親近國王﹑大臣﹑王子等<a class="zhuhao" href="#894" id="868">〔二〕</a>，又云「我法付囑王臣」<a class="zhuhao" href="#895" id="869">〔三〕</a>者何？若以倚傍力輪<a class="zhuhao" href="#896" id="870">〔四〕</a>，苟不親近，而可得乎？若以招致殃咎，苟欲榮身，其可免乎？觀其末代，垢重情移，奉身而已，罕聞爲教而親<a class="zhuhao" href="#897" id="871">〔五〕</a>近國王大臣也。脱或唯居蘭若，不履朝門，誰强召呼？誰分著定？則何班位之有？然以但思獨善，專事杜多<a class="zhuhao" href="#898" id="872">〔六〕</a>，則王侯何以委知？大力曷能扶翼？故須分其表位，厠其班行，去取二情，各有意致。昔者教之東演也，<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>之世，或曰渺茫。<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>以來，頗聞烜赫。若其玄玄之道，<span class="zhuanming">老氏</span>之風，於<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>時，存亡而已。何其知邪？如<span class="zhuanming">馬遷</span>作史，將<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>與<span class="zhuanming">韓非</span>共傳，可非<span class="zhuanming">漢代</span>未崇重之乎？夫立傳同科，權其趣類相齊，則史官列而偶出也。是知<span class="zhuanming">伯陽</span>之道，<span class="zhuanming">前漢</span>未光。<span class="zhuanming">東漢</span><span class="zhuanming">桓帝</span>方遣中官醮祀祈<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00135','1726554',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P135</span></i>福<a class="zhuhao" href="#899" id="873">〔七〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">黄初</span>三年下敕曰：「告<span class="zhuanming">豫州</span>刺史，<span class="zhuanming">老聃</span>賢人，未宜先<span class="zhuanming">孔子</span>。不知<span class="zhuanming">魯郡</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">孔子</span>立廟成未？<span class="zhuanming">漢桓帝</span>不師聖法，正以嬖臣而事<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>，欲以求福，良足笑也。此祠之興，由<span class="zhuanming">桓帝</span>也。<span class="zhuanming">武皇帝</span>以<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>賢人，不毁其道。朕亦以此亭當路，往來者輒往瞻視，而樓屋傾頓，儻能壓人，故令修整。昨過視之，殊整頓矣。恐小人謂此爲神，妄往禱祀，犯乎常禁，宜宣告吏民，咸使聞知。」<a class="zhuhao" href="#900" id="874">〔八〕</a>由是觀之，<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>之間，未露鋒穎。至<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>有<span class="zhuanming">羊角</span>之現<a class="zhuhao" href="#901" id="875">〔九〕</a>，厥道攸興，認作祖宗，册爲帝號<a class="zhuhao" href="#902" id="876">〔一○〕</a>，此君謂爲雄，誰敢不雄？若<span class="zhuanming">史遷</span>在<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>作傳，必改爲帝紀也，以<span class="zhuanming">仲尼</span>同傳，猶謂鴻毛不敵鈞石也，豈得<span class="zhuanming">韓非</span>妄參厠邪？<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">魏</span>之人覽<span class="zhuanming">馬</span>史者，豈驚駭乎？驚駭不倫者，近世之情也。然則物隨黨别，事逐時移。預三恪<a class="zhuhao" href="#903" id="877">〔一一〕</a>者，不免舊訛。有萬邦者，豈無新意？<span class="zhuanming">朱梁</span>革命，敕改<span class="zhuanming">亳州</span><span class="zhuanming">太清宫</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>廟<a class="zhuhao" href="#904" id="878">〔一二〕</a>。蓋由帝代無定，愛憎不同。<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>雖西來客教，自<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">陳</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">後魏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">北齊</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">後周</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">大隋</span>，僧班皆在黄冠之上。<span class="zhuanming">梁武</span>捨道，不齒玄門，黄冠之徒，固難争長。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>十一年，駕幸<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>。道士先有與僧論者，聞之於<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>，乃下詔曰：「今鼎祚克昌，既憑上德之慶；天下大定，亦賴無爲之功。宜有解張，闡兹玄化。自今以後，齋供行立，至於稱謂，道士女冠，可在僧尼之上，庶敦反本之俗。暢於九有，貽諸萬葉。」時京邑<span class="zhuanming">智實</span>上表陳諫，不聽，自此僧班在下矣<a class="zhuhao" href="#905" id="879">〔一三〕</a>。至十五年，帝幸<span class="zhuanming">弘福寺</span>，賜大德五人座，曰：「朕宗<span class="zhuanming">李</span>在先，大德大應恨恨，以宗先故。朕見修功德，不曾别造<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00136','1726554',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P136</span></i>道觀，皆崇寺宇也。」如此宣慰，諸僧心皆喜躍<a class="zhuhao" href="#906" id="880">〔一四〕</a>。及<span class="zhuanming">高宗</span>朝，有直東臺舍人<span class="zhuanming">憑神德</span>上表，請仍舊僧尼在道士前，并依前不拜父母<a class="zhuhao" href="#907" id="881">〔一五〕</a>。辭繁不録。<span class="zhuanming">則天</span><span class="zhuanming">天授</span>二年四月，詔令<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>教在道門之上，僧尼處道士女冠之前<a class="zhuhao" href="#908" id="882">〔一六〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">睿宗</span><span class="zhuanming">景雲</span>元年二月，詔以<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>典玄宗，理均迹異，拯人救俗，教别功齊。自今每緣法事集會，僧尼道士女冠，宜行並集<a class="zhuhao" href="#909" id="883">〔一七〕</a>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">此不分前後，齊行東西也。</span> </p><p> <span>論曰：<span class="zhuanming">周武</span>輕棄我教，若錙銖爾。嘗御正殿，量述三教，以儒居先，佛教居後，道教最上，由出於無名之前也<a class="zhuhao" href="#910" id="884">〔一八〕</a>。近見<span class="zhuanming">沈公</span>著<span class="shuming">聱書</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#911" id="885">〔一九〕</a>云：唯聞二教，不聞<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>。此皆侮聖人之<a class="zhuhao" href="#912" id="886">〔二○〕</a>言，爲阿鼻之種也。故<span class="zhuanming">拓跋虎</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#913" id="887">〔二一〕</a>入冥，具見<span class="zhuanming">周武</span>受對，并寄言<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>天子：爲我拔苦。<span class="zhuanming">文帝</span>乃募天下，出錢營福，以救薦之。且如佛無我，所遭傷毁而無報復，蓋以將欲殘害於彼，必先燒熱於心。心爲苦因，身嬰惡報，自作自受，可不畏乎？昔<span class="zhuanming">阮孝緒</span>著<span class="shuming">七録</span>中，以佛教<a class="zhuhao" href="#914" id="888">〔二二〕</a>爲外篇<a class="zhuhao" href="#915" id="889">〔二三〕</a>，一戒律﹑二禪定﹑三智慧﹑四疑似﹑五論記。因目佛理爲方外之篇，號方外教，自<span class="zhuanming">孝緒</span>始也。所言方外者，同<span class="zhuanming">莊</span><span class="zhuanming">老</span>也。域中之教，拘縶所不及也。請以智眼照其淺深，則内外上下自區别矣。如無智眼，以玉石俱焚，薰蕕共器，知復奈何！緬思<span class="zhuanming">後周</span>摧滅，遇<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>復興，方謂熾然，尋又微矣。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>宗<span class="zhuanming">老氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>教逶遲。或抑拜君親，或分班上下。良以有爲之法，何免四相遷移<a class="zhuhao" href="#916" id="890">〔二四〕</a>？譬如<span class="zhuanming">火</span>焉，<span class="zhuanming">火</span>中，寒暑乃退<a class="zhuhao" href="#917" id="891">〔二五〕</a>。興久必替，替極還興，興替相尋，未始有極。<span class="zhuanming">景雲</span>中，令僧班在西，道班在東，齊行並進。<span class="zhuanming">朱梁</span>之世，又移厥位。今<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00137','1726554',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P137</span></i><span class="zhuanming">大宋</span>每當朝集，僧先道後。並立殿廷，僧東道西，間雜副職。若遇郊天，則道左僧右，未知始起也<a class="zhuhao" href="#918" id="892">〔二六〕</a>。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#867" id="893">〔一〕</a>仳離：背離。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#868" id="894">〔二〕</a>按：「經中不許親近國王」等者，如<span class="shuming">妙法蓮華經</span>卷五<span class="shuming">安樂行品</span>：「菩薩摩訶薩不親近國王﹑王子﹑大臣﹑官長，不親近諸外道梵志﹑尼揵子等，及造世俗文筆﹑讚詠外書，及路伽耶陀﹑逆路伽耶陀者；亦不親近諸有兇戲﹑相扠相撲，及那羅等種種變現之戲；又不親近旃陀羅，及畜猪羊鷄狗﹑畋獵漁捕諸惡律儀。如是人等，或時來者，則爲説法，無所希望。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#869" id="895">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">大般涅槃經</span>卷三<span class="shuming">長壽品</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>今以無上正法，付囑諸王﹑大臣﹑宰相﹑比丘﹑比丘尼﹑優婆塞﹑優婆夷。是諸國王及四部衆，應當勸勵諸學人等，令得增上戒定智慧。若有不學是三品法，懈怠破戒，毁正法者，國王大臣四部之衆應當苦治。」<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四<span class="shuming">教主釋迦牟尼佛本紀第一之四</span><span class="shuming">入涅槃</span>：「述曰：佛告諸比丘：所有正法悉已付囑<span class="zhuanming">迦葉</span>。此爲正付法，以<span class="zhuanming">迦葉</span>能繼世傳持也。又云今以正法付囑王臣四衆，此是旁付法，以在官能治人護法也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#870" id="896">〔四〕</a>力輪：<span class="zhuanming">釋元照</span>撰<span class="shuming">四分律行事鈔資持記</span>下一<span class="shuming">釋導俗篇</span>：「法輪即佛法，力輪是王臣。」<span class="zhuanming">大覺</span>撰<span class="shuming">四分律鈔批</span>卷一四<span class="shuming">導俗化方篇第二十四</span>：「國王有威勢，是爲力輪。道門多軌則，名爲法輪。若不得力輪將護，法輪則無由得轉，此是稱歎王之辭也。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00138','1726554',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P138</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#871" id="897">〔五〕</a>親：底本作「觀」，據餘諸本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#872" id="898">〔六〕</a>杜多：亦作「頭陀」，參卷上「别立禪居」條注五。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#873" id="899">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">後漢書</span>卷七<span class="shuming">孝桓帝紀</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">延熹</span>）八年春正月，遣中常侍<span class="zhuanming">左悺</span>之<span class="zhuanming">苦縣</span>，祠<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#874" id="900">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">集古今佛道論衡</span>卷二<span class="shuming">周高祖武皇帝將滅佛法有安法師上論事第一</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">黄初</span>三年，下敕告<span class="zhuanming">豫州</span>刺史：<span class="zhuanming">老聃</span>賢人，未宜先<span class="zhuanming">孔子</span>，不知<span class="zhuanming">魯郡</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">孔子</span>立廟成未？<span class="zhuanming">漢桓帝</span>不師聖法，正以嬖臣而事<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>，欲以求福，良足笑也。此祠之興，由<span class="zhuanming">桓武皇帝</span>以<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>賢人，不毁其屋。朕亦以此亭當路，行來者輒往瞻視，而樓屋傾頽，儻能壓人，故令修整。昨過視之，殊未整頓，恐小人謂此爲神，妄往禱祀，犯常禁。宜宣告吏民，咸使知聞。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#875" id="901">〔九〕</a>羊角之現：<span class="zhuanming">武德</span>三年，<span class="zhuanming">晋州</span>人<span class="zhuanming">吉善行</span>稱曾於<span class="zhuanming">羊角山</span>見<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>。<span class="zhuanming">唐高祖</span>遂詔令在<span class="zhuanming">羊角山</span>建立<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>廟，並舉行崇祀活動；同時，因<span class="zhuanming">樓觀</span>道士佐<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>有功，賜賞豐厚，並對道教採取了一系列扶植﹑推崇的政策，道教在<span class="zhuanming">唐代</span>各地迅速地發展起來。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#876" id="902">〔一○〕</a>認作祖宗，册爲帝號：<span class="zhuanming">唐朝</span>建立後，尊崇<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>爲「聖祖」。<span class="zhuanming">唐高宗</span><span class="zhuanming">乾封</span>元年，帝至<span class="zhuanming">亳州</span><span class="zhuanming">老君廟</span>祭拜，追封<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>爲「太上玄元皇帝」（<span class="shuming">舊唐書</span><span class="shuming">高宗紀下</span>）。<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二年，<span class="zhuanming">唐玄宗</span>加封<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>爲「大聖祖玄元皇帝」。八年，又封爲「聖祖大道玄元皇帝」。十三年，又進封爲「大聖祖高上金闕玄元天皇大帝」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#877" id="903">〔一一〕</a>三恪：<span class="zhuanming">周</span>建立後，爲表敬重，給前代三朝的子孫以王侯名號，稱三恪。所封三朝，説法有<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00139','1726554',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P139</span></i>二：一説封<span class="zhuanming">虞</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">夏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">商</span>之後於<span class="zhuanming">陳</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">杞</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>。<span class="shuming">左傳</span><span class="shuming">襄公二十五年</span>：「昔<span class="zhuanming">虞閼父</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">周</span>陶正，以服事我先王。我先王賴其利器用也，與其神明之後也，庸以元女<span class="zhuanming">大姬</span>配<span class="zhuanming">胡公</span>，而封諸<span class="zhuanming">陳</span>，以備三恪。」<span class="zhuanming">杜預</span>注曰：「<span class="zhuanming">周</span>得天下，封<span class="zhuanming">夏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">殷</span>二王後，又封<span class="zhuanming">舜</span>後，謂之恪，並二王後爲三國。其禮轉降，示敬而已，故曰三恪。」一説封<span class="zhuanming">黄帝</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">堯</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">舜</span>之後於<span class="zhuanming">薊</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">祝</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">陳</span>。<span class="shuming">詩</span><span class="shuming">陳風譜</span><span class="zhuanming">孔穎達</span>疏：「案<span class="shuming">樂記</span>云：『<span class="zhuanming">武王</span>未及下車，封<span class="zhuanming">黄帝</span>之後於<span class="zhuanming">薊</span>，封帝<span class="zhuanming">堯</span>之後於<span class="zhuanming">祝</span>，封帝<span class="zhuanming">舜</span>之後於<span class="zhuanming">陳</span>；下車乃封<span class="zhuanming">夏后氏</span>之後於<span class="zhuanming">杞</span>，投<span class="zhuanming">殷</span>之後於<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>。』則<span class="zhuanming">陳</span>與<span class="zhuanming">薊</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">祝</span>共爲三恪，<span class="zhuanming">杞</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>别爲二王之後矣。」後代帝王，亦多有承三恪之制者。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#878" id="904">〔一二〕</a>據<span class="shuming">舊五代史</span>卷三記載，<span class="zhuanming">梁太祖</span><span class="zhuanming">朱温</span><span class="zhuanming">開平</span>元年，詔令廢<span class="zhuanming">雍州</span><span class="zhuanming">太清宫</span>，改西都<span class="zhuanming">太微宫</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">亳州</span><span class="zhuanming">太清宫</span>皆爲觀，諸州<span class="zhuanming">紫極宫</span>皆爲<span class="zhuanming">老君</span>廟。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#879" id="905">〔一三〕</a>智實：底本作「智寶」，據底本校記及<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本改。<span class="zhuanming">智實</span>，<span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷二四有傳。<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷二五<span class="shuming">僧行篇第五之三</span><span class="zhuanming">唐太宗</span><span class="shuming">令道士在僧前詔并表</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>十一年，駕巡<span class="zhuanming">洛邑</span>。黄巾先有與僧論者，聞之於上，上乃下詔云：『<span class="zhuanming">老君</span>垂範，義在清虚；<span class="zhuanming">釋迦</span>貽則，理存因果。求其教也，汲引之迹殊途；求其宗也，弘益之風齊致。然大道之興，肇於遂古，源出無名之始，事高有形之外。邁兩儀而運行，包萬物而亭育。故能經邦致治，反樸還淳。至如佛教之興，基於<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>。逮於<span class="zhuanming">後漢</span>，方被<span class="zhuanming">中土</span>。神變之理多方，報應之緣匪一。洎於近世，崇信滋深。人冀當年之福，家懼來生之禍。由是滯俗者聞玄宗而大笑，好異者望真諦而争歸，始<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00140','1726554',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P140</span></i>波涌於閭里，風靡於朝庭。遂使殊俗之典，鬱爲衆妙之先。諸華之教，翻居一乘之後。流遯忘返，于兹累代。今鼎祚克昌，既憑上德之慶，天下大定，亦賴無爲之功，宜有解張，闡兹玄化。自今已後，齋供行立至於稱謂，道士女冠可在僧尼之前。庶敦反本之俗，暢於九有。尊祖之風，貽諸萬葉。』時京邑僧徒，各陳極諫，有司不納。沙門<span class="zhuanming">智實</span>，後生俊穎，内外兼明，攜諸夙老，隨駕陳表，乃至關口。其表略云：『僧某等言：某年迫桑榆，始逢太平之世；貌同蒲柳，方值聖明之君。竊聞父有諍子，君有諍臣，某等雖預出家，仍在臣子之例。有犯無隱，敢不陳之！伏見詔書，國家本系出自<span class="zhuanming">柱下</span>，尊祖之風，形于前典。頒告天下，無德而稱，令道士等在僧尼之上，奉以周旋，豈敢拒詔？尋<span class="zhuanming">老君</span>垂範，治國治家，所佩服章，亦無改異。不立館宇，不領門人，處柱下以全真，隱龍德而養性。智者見之謂之智，愚者見之謂之愚，非<span class="zhuanming">魯司寇</span>莫之能識。今之道士，不遵其法，所著冠服，並是黄巾之餘，本非<span class="zhuanming">老君</span>之裔。行<span class="zhuanming">三張</span>之穢術，棄五千之妙門，反同<span class="zhuanming">張陵</span>漫行章句。從<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">魏</span>以來，常以鬼道化於浮俗，妄託<span class="zhuanming">老君</span>之後，實是左道之苗。若位在僧之上，誠恐真僞同流，有損國化。如不陳奏，何以表臣子之情？謹録道經及<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">魏</span>諸史佛先道後之事，如别所陳，伏願天慈曲垂聽覽。』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#880" id="906">〔一四〕</a><span class="shuming">集古今佛道論衡</span>卷三<span class="shuming">文帝幸弘福寺立願重施叙佛道先後事第八</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">貞觀</span>十五年五月十四日，<span class="zhuanming">太宗文帝</span>躬幸<span class="zhuanming">弘福寺</span>。於時僧衆並出，虞候遠闢，敕召大德五人，在寺内堂中坐訖，具<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00141','1726554',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P141</span></i>叙立寺所由。意存<span class="zhuanming">太穆皇后</span>，哀淚横流，僧並垂泣，乃手製願文曰：皇帝菩薩戒弟子稽首和南，十方諸佛菩薩聖僧天龍大衆，若夫至理凝寂，道絶名言，大慈方便，隨機攝誘。濟苦海以智舟，朗重昏以慧日，開曉度脱，不可思議。弟子夙罹愆亹，早嬰偏罰，追惟撫育之恩，每念慈顔之遠，泣血崩心，永無逮及。號天躄地，何所厝身。歲月不居，炎涼亟改。荼毒之痛，在乎兹日！敬養已絶，萬恨不追。冤酷之深，百身何贖？惟以丹誠歸依三寶，謹於<span class="zhuanming">弘福道場</span>奉施齋供，并施浄財以充檀捨，用其功德，奉爲先靈。願心悟無生，神遷妙喜。策紺馬以入香城，躡金階而昇寶殿。遊玩法樂，逍遥浄土。永蔭法雲，常喰甘露。疾證菩提，早登正覺。六道四生，並同斯願。帝謂僧曰：比以<span class="zhuanming">老君</span>是朕先宗，尊祖重親，有生之本，故令在前。師等大應恨恨。寺主<span class="zhuanming">道懿</span>奉對：陛下尊重祖宗，使天下成式，僧等荷國重恩，安心行道。詔旨行下，咸大歡喜。豈敢恨恨？帝曰：朕以先宗在前，可即大於佛也。自有國已來，何處别造道觀？凡有功德，並歸寺家。國内戰場之始，無不一心歸命於佛。今天下大定，戰場之地，並置佛寺。乃至本宅，先妣唯置佛寺。朕敬有處所，以盡命歸依。師等宜悉朕懷。彼道士者，止是師習先宗，故位在前。今<span class="zhuanming">李</span>家據國，<span class="zhuanming">李老</span>在前。若<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>家治化，則<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>門居上。可不平也？僧等起謝，帝曰：坐。是弟子意耳，不述不知。天時大熱，房宇窄狹。若爲居住，今有施物，可造後房，使僧等寬展行道。餘言多不載。事訖還宫。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00142','1726554',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P142</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#881" id="907">〔一五〕</a><span class="zhuanming">釋彦悰</span>纂録<span class="shuming">集沙門不應拜俗等事</span>卷六<span class="shuming">聖朝議拜篇第三（下）</span><span class="shuming">直東臺憑神德上請依舊僧尼等不拜親表</span>一首</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">并上佛道先後事</span> <span class="font12 zhu">：「臣聞祕教東流，因明后而闡化；玄風西運，憑至識以開宗。故知弘濟千門，義宣於雅道；提誘萬品，理塞於邪津。只可隨聖教以抑揚，豈得逐人事而興替？沙門者，求未來之勝果；道士者，信有生之自然。自然者，貴取性真，絶其近僞之迹；勝果者，意存杜漸，遠開趣道之心。誘濟源雖不同，從善終歸一致。伏惟皇帝陛下包元建極，御一飛貞，乘大道以流謙，順無爲而下濟。因心會物，教不肅成。今乃定道佛之尊卑，抑沙門之拜伏。拜伏有同常禮，未是出俗之因。尊卑是物我之情，豈曰無爲之妙？陛下道風攸闡，<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>教載陳，每至齋日，皆令祈福。祈福一依經教，二者何獨乖違？陛下者，造化之神宗。父母者，人子之慈稱。陛下以至極之重，猶停拜敬之儀，所生既曰人臣，何得曲申情禮？捨尊就愛，棄重違經，緣情猶尚不通，據教若爲行用？陛下統天光道，順物流形。形物尚不許違，浄教何宜改作？願陛下因天人之志，順萬物之心，停拜伏之新儀，遵尊卑之舊貫。庶望金光東曜，不雜塵俗之悲；紫氣西暉，無驚物我之貴。即大道不昧，而得相於明時；福業永貞，庶重彰於聖日。謹言七月十日上。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#882" id="908">〔一六〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷六<span class="shuming">則天皇后本紀</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">天授</span>二年）夏四月，令<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>教在道法之上，僧尼處道士女冠之前。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#883" id="909">〔一七〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷七<span class="shuming">睿宗本紀</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">景雲</span>二年夏四月癸未）詔以<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>典玄宗，理均迹異，拯人化俗，教<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00143','1726554',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P143</span></i>别功齊。自今每緣法事集會，僧尼﹑道士﹑女冠等宜齊行道集。」又見<span class="shuming">唐大詔令集</span>卷一一三<span class="zhuanming">睿宗</span><span class="shuming">僧道齊行並進制</span>。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#884" id="910">〔一八〕</a>見<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷八<span class="shuming">辨惑篇第二之四</span><span class="shuming">周滅佛法集道俗議事</span>：「至<span class="zhuanming">天和</span>四年歲在己丑三月十五日，敕召有德衆僧﹑名儒﹑道士﹑文武百官二千餘人，帝御正殿，量述三教。以儒教爲先，佛教爲後，道教最上。以出於無名之前，超於天地之表故也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#885" id="911">〔一九〕</a>沈公：<span class="zhuanming">沈顔</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">可鑄</span>，<span class="zhuanming">吴郡</span>人。嘗著書百篇，仿<span class="zhuanming">元結</span>聱叟之説以寓己意，故名其書爲<span class="shuming">聱書</span>。自序云：「<span class="zhuanming">孟軻</span>以後千餘年，經百千儒者咸未聞焉，天厭其極，付在鄙子。」作品著録有<span class="shuming">陵陽集</span>五卷﹑<span class="shuming">聱書</span>十卷﹑<span class="shuming">解聱</span>十五卷等，均已散佚。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#886" id="912">〔二○〕</a>之：底本作「一」，據校記及<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#887" id="913">〔二一〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">拓跋虎</span>，不見史傳記載。據<span class="shuming">周使持節驃騎大將軍開府儀同三司大都督雲寧縣開國公故拓跋氏墓志銘</span>（見<span class="shuming">咸陽市渭城區北周拓跋虎夫婦墓清理記</span>，<span class="shuming">文物</span>，一九九三年第一一期；又，<span class="zhuanming">員安志</span>編著<span class="shuming">中國北周珍貴文物——北周墓葬發掘報告</span>，<span class="zhuanming">陝西人民美術出版社</span>，一九九三年；<span class="zhuanming">牟發松</span><span class="shuming">拓跋虎墓誌釋考</span>，見<span class="shuming">魏晋南北朝隋唐史資料</span>第一八輯，<span class="zhuanming">武漢大學出版社</span>，二○○一年），<span class="zhuanming">拓跋虎</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">山虎</span>，<span class="zhuanming">河南</span><span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>人也。「<span class="zhuanming">保定</span>三年，除驃騎大將軍﹑開府，持節﹑都督如故。四年二月構疾，三月一日薨於<span class="zhuanming">長安</span><span class="zhuanming">平定鄉</span><span class="zhuanming">永貴里</span>，年卅有八。」<span class="zhuanming">保定</span>四年，即五六四年。<span class="zhuanming">北周</span><span class="zhuanming">武帝</span><span class="zhuanming">宇文邕</span>卒於五七八年，晚<span class="zhuanming">拓跋虎</span>十餘年，「<span class="zhuanming">拓跋虎</span>入冥，具見<span class="zhuanming">周武</span><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00144','1726554',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P144</span></i>受對」事，殊不可信。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#888" id="914">〔二二〕</a>教：<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本作「經」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#889" id="915">〔二三〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">阮孝緒</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">士宗</span>，<span class="zhuanming">陳留</span><span class="zhuanming">尉氏</span>人。<span class="shuming">梁書</span>卷五一<span class="shuming">處士傳</span>有傳。總結前人目録學之成就，著<span class="shuming">七録</span>一書。<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷三<span class="shuming">歸正篇第一之三</span>收<span class="shuming">七録序</span>曰：「凡自<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>以來，王公搢紳之館，苟蓄聚墳籍，必思致其名簿。凡在所遇，若見若聞，校之官目，多所遺漏，遂總集衆家，更爲新録。其方内經﹑記至于術技，合爲五録，謂之内篇。方外佛道，各爲一録，謂之外篇。凡爲録有七，故名<span class="shuming">七録</span>。」全書分内外兩篇，内篇有五：經典，紀六藝；記傳，紀史傳；子兵，紀子書﹑兵書；文集，紀詩賦；技術，紀數術。外篇有二：佛録﹑道録。已佚。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#890" id="916">〔二四〕</a>有爲之法：指一切因緣和合而生的現象﹑事物。<span class="zhuanming">鳩摩羅什</span>譯<span class="shuming">金剛般若波羅蜜經</span>：「一切有爲法，如夢幻泡影，如露亦如電，應作如是觀。」　　四相：指顯示諸有爲法生滅變遷的生﹑住﹑異﹑滅等四相。生相，即有爲法從未來位生至現在位；住相，即有爲法安住於現在位；異相，即有爲法於現在位變異﹑衰損；滅相，即有爲法從現在位滅轉至過去位。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#891" id="917">〔二五〕</a>譬如<span class="zhuanming">火</span>焉，<span class="zhuanming">火</span>中，寒暑乃退：出<span class="shuming">左傳</span><span class="shuming">昭公三年</span>。<span class="zhuanming">楊伯峻</span><span class="shuming">春秋左傳注</span>曰：「<span class="zhuanming">火</span>，<span class="zhuanming">大火</span>，即<span class="zhuanming">心</span>宿二，<span class="zhuanming">天蠍座</span>α星。」「<span class="zhuanming">心</span>宿二爲一等星，夏末於黄昏時在天空中，暑氣漸消；冬末在將天明時在天空中，寒氣漸消。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#892" id="918">〔二六〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四三<span class="shuming">法運通塞志第十七之十</span>引<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>，曰：「（<span class="zhuanming">開寶</span>）五年，詔僧道每當朝<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00145','1726554',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P145</span></i>集，僧先道後。並立殿廷，僧東道西，間雜副職。若遇郊天，道左僧右。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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祠部牒
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138184" key="1138184"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 管屬僧尼 &gt; 祠部牒 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138185" key="1138185"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00132','1726553',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P132</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000104"><b>祠部牒</b></p><p> <span>嘗聞僧視其官則五品，然未見令式，史傳明載，且信相傳。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">又曾見僧五品非官品也。</span> <span>據其誦經合格，就試得通，此僧選也；剃髮被袈裟，此釋褐也；敕授形俱無作戒法，此官位也；講三藏教，充<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>使也；化導内外衆，使背惡向善，理民也；爲國行道，保民無災，爲之課最也。苟弗比其階品，視其職官，其可得乎？將來法門君<a class="zhuhao" href="#860" id="853">〔一〕</a>子對敭，帝王請降明敕，許比某官某品，像末之時<a class="zhuhao" href="#861" id="854">〔二〕</a>，爲美事之端。自<a class="zhuhao" href="#862" id="855">〔三〕</a>我之力，不其善乎？若夫稽其鄉貫，則<span class="zhuanming">南朝</span>有之。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">見<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>。</span> <span>唯爲搜揚，便生名籍，係<a class="zhuhao" href="#863" id="856">〔四〕</a>之限局，必有憑由。憑由之來，即祠部牒也。案<span class="shuming">續會要</span>：<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>六年五月制，僧尼依前兩街功德使收管，不要更隸主客。其所度僧尼，仍令祠部給牒<a class="zhuhao" href="#864" id="857">〔五〕</a>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>祠部牒，皆綾素﹑錦素﹑鈿軸，蓋綸誥<a class="zhuhao" href="#865" id="858">〔六〕</a>也，非官何謂？</span> <span>給牒，自<span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span>朝始<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00133','1726553',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P133</span></i>也。及<span class="zhuanming">德宗</span><span class="zhuanming">建中</span>中，敕天下僧尼身死還俗者，當日仰三綱，於本縣陳牒。每月申州附朝集使申省，并符誥同送者注毁。其京城即於祠部陳牒納告<a class="zhuhao" href="#866" id="859">〔七〕</a>。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">告身即戒牒也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#853" id="860">〔一〕</a>君：<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本作「弟」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#854" id="861">〔二〕</a>像末之時：指像法時期和末法時期。佛法發展，分爲三個時期，即正法時期﹑像法時期和末法時期。具體時限，諸説不同。多謂正法五百年，像法一千年，末法一萬年。正者證也，正法時期佛雖滅度，但法儀未改，有教有行，有證果者；像者似也，像法時期有教有行，但證果者幾無；末者微也，末法時期有教而無行，更無證果者。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#855" id="862">〔三〕</a><span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：「自字，恐『資』之誤。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#856" id="863">〔四〕</a>係：<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本作「使」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#857" id="864">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">續會要</span>，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">崔鉉</span>撰，已佚。<span class="shuming">唐會要</span>卷四九「僧尼所隸」條曰：「（<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>）六年五月制：僧尼依前令兩街功德使收管，不要更隸主客，所度僧尼，令祠部給牒。」今據前「管屬僧尼」條，可知僧尼「至<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>二年，隸祠部」，至<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>五年，「敕僧尼不宜隸祠部」，六年「令兩街功德使收管」，然「其所度僧尼，仍令祠部給牒」。祠部給牒，當「自<span class="zhuanming">玄宗</span>朝始也」。又<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四○：「（<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>）六載，敕天下僧尼屬兩街功德使，始令祠部給牒用綾素；敕天下寺院，擇真行童子，每郡度三人。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00134','1726553',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P134</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#858" id="865">〔六〕</a>綸誥：皇帝的詔令文告。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#859" id="866">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四一<span class="shuming">法運通塞志第十七之八</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">德宗</span><span class="zhuanming">建中</span>）三年，敕僧尼有事故者仰三綱，申州納符告注毁。在京者於祠部納告。</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu"><span class="zhuanming">唐</span>稱符告者，與品官告身同，今時但稱度牒。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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譯論
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv752379" key="752379"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 譯論 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv752380" key="752380"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00030','1726516',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P30</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000032">譯論</p><p> <span><span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">孝武</span>之世，有<span class="zhuanming">罽賓國</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">僧伽跋澄</span>譯<span class="shuming">雜毗曇婆沙</span>十四卷<a class="zhuhao" href="#276" id="271">〔一〕</a>。次則<span class="zhuanming">姚秦</span><span class="zhuanming">羅什</span>譯<span class="shuming">大智度</span>﹑<span class="shuming">成實</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#277" id="272">〔二〕</a>，此爲譯論之始。<span class="shuming">道安録</span>及<span class="zhuanming">僧祐</span><span class="shuming">出三藏記</span>同，斯楷述也<a class="zhuhao" href="#278" id="273">〔三〕</a>。又單名<span class="shuming">鞞婆沙</span>，是者<span class="zhuanming">迦旃延子</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#279" id="274">〔四〕</a>撮其要義，引經訓釋，爲<span class="shuming">毗曇四十四品</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#280" id="275">〔五〕</a>，斯亦論也。</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00031','1726516',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P31</span></i>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#271" id="276">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">僧伽跋澄傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">僧伽跋澄</span>，此云<span class="zhuanming">衆現</span>，<span class="zhuanming">罽賓</span>人。……闇誦<span class="shuming">阿毗曇毗婆沙</span>，貫其妙旨。常浪志遊方，觀風弘化。<span class="zhuanming">符堅</span><span class="zhuanming">建元</span>十七年，來入<span class="zhuanming">關中</span>。先是大乘之典未廣，禪數之學甚盛，既至<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>，咸稱法匠焉。<span class="zhuanming">符堅</span>祕書郎<span class="zhuanming">趙正</span>崇仰大法，嘗聞外國宗習<span class="shuming">阿毗曇毗婆沙</span>，而<span class="zhuanming">跋澄</span>諷誦，乃四事禮供，請譯<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>文，遂共名德法師<span class="zhuanming">釋道安</span>等集僧宣譯。<span class="zhuanming">跋澄</span>口誦經本，外國沙門<span class="zhuanming">曇摩難提</span>筆受爲<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>文，<span class="zhuanming">佛圖羅刹</span>宣譯，<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">敏智</span>筆受爲<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>本，以<span class="zhuanming">僞秦</span><span class="zhuanming">建元</span>十九年譯出，自孟夏至仲秋方訖。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#272" id="277">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷二<span class="shuming">鳩摩羅什傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">鳩摩羅什</span>，此云<span class="zhuanming">童壽</span>，<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>人也。」<span class="shuming">開元釋教録</span>卷四著録<span class="zhuanming">鳩摩羅什</span>譯經中云：「<span class="shuming">大智度論</span>一百卷，或云<span class="shuming">大智度經論</span>，亦云<span class="shuming">摩訶般若釋論</span>，或七十卷，或一百一十卷，<span class="zhuanming">弘始</span>四年夏於<span class="zhuanming">逍遥園</span>出，七年十二月二十七日訖，見二<span class="shuming">秦録</span>及<span class="shuming">僧祐録</span>。」又：「<span class="shuming">成實論</span>二十卷。或二十四，或十六，或十四，<span class="zhuanming">弘始</span>十三年九月八日尚書令<span class="zhuanming">姚顯</span>請出，至十四年九月十五日訖，<span class="zhuanming">曇晷</span>等受，佛滅後九百年<span class="zhuanming">訶梨跋摩</span>造，見<span class="shuming">僧祐録</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#273" id="278">〔三〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">道安録</span>，即<span class="shuming">綜理衆經目録</span>，一卷。原本已佚。<span class="shuming">開元釋教録</span>卷一○云：「自前諸録，但列經名，至於品類﹑時代，蓋闕而不紀，後人披覽，莫測根由。<span class="zhuanming">安</span>乃總集名題，表其時代，銓品新舊，定其制作。衆經有據，自此而明。在後群録，資而增廣。是知高懷獨悟，足以垂範後昆。」　<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷二：「<span class="shuming">大智論</span>百卷，於<span class="zhuanming">逍遥園</span>譯出，或分爲七十卷。<span class="shuming">成實論</span>十<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00032','1726516',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P32</span></i>六卷。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#274" id="279">〔四〕</a>者：<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本作「昔」。是者，或爲「尊者」之誤。　　迦旃延子：佛十大弟子中，「論議第一」之<span class="zhuanming">摩訶迦旃延子</span>。<span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷二七：「<span class="zhuanming">摩訶迦旃延</span>，<span class="zhuanming">摩訶迦多衍那</span>，此云<span class="zhuanming">大剪剔種男</span>。<span class="zhuanming">剪剔</span>，婆羅門姓也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#275" id="280">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷一○<span class="zhuanming">釋道安法師</span><span class="shuming">鞞婆沙序第十五</span>：</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">十四卷者。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">「<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>所出十二部經，於九十日中佛意三昧之所傳也。其後别其逕，至小乘法爲<span class="shuming">四阿含</span>，<span class="zhuanming">阿難</span>之功，於斯而已。<span class="zhuanming">迦栴延子</span>撮其要行，引經訓釋，爲<span class="shuming">阿毗曇</span>四十四品，要約婉顯，外國重之。<span class="zhuanming">優波離</span>裁之所由爲毗尼，與<span class="shuming">阿毗曇</span>﹑<span class="shuming">四阿含</span>並爲三藏，<span class="zhuanming">身毒</span>甚珍，未墜於地也。其後<span class="zhuanming">曇摩多羅刹</span>集<span class="shuming">修行</span>，亦大行於世也。又有三羅漢：一名<span class="zhuanming">尸陀槃尼</span>，二名<span class="zhuanming">達悉</span>，三名<span class="zhuanming">鞞羅尼</span>，撰<span class="shuming">鞞婆沙</span>，廣引聖證，言輒據古，釋<span class="shuming">阿毗曇</span>焉。其所引據，皆是大士真人，佛印印者也。<span class="zhuanming">達悉</span>迷而近煩，<span class="zhuanming">鞞羅</span>要而近略，<span class="zhuanming">尸陀</span>最折中焉。……會<span class="zhuanming">建元</span>十九年，<span class="zhuanming">罽賓</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">僧伽跋澄</span>諷誦此經，四十二處，是<span class="zhuanming">尸陀槃尼</span>所撰者也。來至<span class="zhuanming">長安</span>，<span class="zhuanming">趙郎</span>（校注者按：指<span class="zhuanming">趙政</span>）飢虚在往，求令出焉。其國沙門<span class="zhuanming">曇無難提</span>筆受爲<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>文，<span class="zhuanming">弗圖羅刹</span>譯傳，<span class="zhuanming">敏智</span>筆受爲此<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>言，<span class="zhuanming">趙郎</span>正義起盡。自四月出，至八月二十九日乃訖。<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>本一萬一千七百五十二首盧，長五字也，凡三十七萬六千六十四言也。<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>語爲十六萬五千九百七十五字。經本甚多，其人忘失。唯四十事，是釋<span class="shuming">阿毗曇</span>十門之本，而分十五事爲小品迴著前，以二十五事爲大品而著後。此大小二品，全無所損。<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00033','1726516',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P33</span></i>其後二處是忘失之遺者，令第而次之。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
譯律
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138188" key="1138188"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 譯律 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138189" key="1138189"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00029','1726515',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P29</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000030">譯律</p><p> <span>佛制毗尼，糾繩内衆。如國刑法，畫一成規。未知誰將毗尼翻爲律號。案<span class="zhuanming">漢靈帝</span><span class="zhuanming">建寧</span>三年庚戌歲，<span class="zhuanming">安世高</span>首出<span class="shuming">義決律</span>一卷<a class="zhuhao" href="#266" id="261">〔一〕</a>，次有<span class="shuming">比丘諸禁律</span>一卷<a class="zhuhao" href="#267" id="262">〔二〕</a>。至<span class="zhuanming">曹魏</span>世，<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>三藏<span class="zhuanming">曇摩<a class="zhuhao" href="#268" id="263">〔三〕</a>迦羅</span></span> <span class="font12 zhu">此曰<span class="zhuanming">法時</span>。</span> <span>到<span class="zhuanming">許</span><span class="zhuanming">洛</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#269" id="264">〔四〕</a>，慨<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>境僧無律範，遂於<span class="zhuanming">嘉平</span>年中，與<span class="zhuanming">曇諦</span>譯<span class="shuming">四分羯磨</span>及<span class="shuming">僧祇戒心圖記</span>云。此方戒律之始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#270" id="265">〔五〕</a>。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#261" id="266">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷二：「<span class="shuming">義決律</span>一卷，或云<span class="shuming">義決律法行經</span>。<span class="zhuanming">安公</span>云：此上二經，出<span class="shuming">長阿含</span>。今闕。」「<span class="zhuanming">漢桓帝</span>時，<span class="zhuanming">安息國</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">安世高</span>所譯出。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#262" id="267">〔二〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">比丘諸禁律</span>一卷，諸録皆云<span class="zhuanming">後漢</span>失譯經。<span class="shuming">開元釋教録</span>卷一五録入「小乘律闕本」。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00030','1726515',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P30</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#263" id="268">〔三〕</a>摩：<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>本作「柯」，可從。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#264" id="269">〔四〕</a>許洛：<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>本作「雒陽」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#265" id="270">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">曇柯迦羅傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">曇柯迦羅</span>，此云<span class="zhuanming">法時</span>，本<span class="zhuanming">中天竺</span>人。……以<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">嘉平</span>中來至<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>。于時<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>境雖有佛法而道風訛替，亦有衆僧未禀歸戒，正以剪落殊俗耳。設復齋懺，事法祠祀。<span class="zhuanming">迦羅</span>既至，大行佛法。時有諸僧共請<span class="zhuanming">迦羅</span>譯出戒律，<span class="zhuanming">迦羅</span>以律部曲制，文言繁廣，佛教未昌，必不承用，乃譯出<span class="shuming">僧祇戒心</span>，止備朝夕。更請<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>僧立羯磨法受戒。<span class="zhuanming">中夏</span>戒律始自于此。……又有<span class="zhuanming">安息國</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">曇帝</span>，亦善律學，<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">正元</span>之中，來遊<span class="zhuanming">洛陽</span>，出<span class="shuming">曇無德羯磨</span>。」又<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一六：「除經已譯，問律何傳。起<span class="zhuanming">後漢</span><span class="zhuanming">靈帝</span><span class="zhuanming">建寧</span>三年。初翻<span class="shuming">義決律</span>，次有<span class="shuming">比丘諸禁律</span>至。即<span class="zhuanming">曹魏</span><span class="zhuanming">法時三藏</span>遊于<span class="zhuanming">許</span><span class="zhuanming">洛</span>，覩<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>土僧無律範，於<span class="zhuanming">嘉平</span>中譯<span class="shuming">羯磨僧祇戒本</span>。此乃此方戒律之始也。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
誕辰談論
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138191" key="1138191"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 &gt; 誕辰談論 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138192" key="1138192"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00154','1726559',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P154</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000115">誕辰談論<span class="font12 zhu">内齋附</span></p><p> <span>昔<span class="zhuanming">漢祖</span>與<span class="zhuanming">盧綰</span>同日生，有奉酒饌相遺<a class="zhuhao" href="#965" id="957">〔一〕</a>，此爲慶生之權輿也。後則束帛<a class="zhuhao" href="#966" id="958">〔二〕</a>壺酒，孩兒<a class="zhuhao" href="#967" id="959">〔三〕</a>服玩，以加祝賀。大則玉帛，長生久視之意，屬于物品，以爲慶生之豐禮也。及聞佛法中有弭災延命之説，則以佛事爲慶也。<span class="zhuanming">北魏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">後周</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>世，多召名行廣學僧，與儒道對論，悦視王道，亦慶生之美事矣。<span class="zhuanming">唐高宗</span>召<span class="zhuanming">賈公彦</span>於御前與道士﹑沙門講説經義<a class="zhuhao" href="#968" id="960">〔四〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">德宗</span>誕日御<span class="zhuanming">麟德殿</span>，命<span class="zhuanming">許孟容</span>等登座，與<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">老</span>之徒講論。<span class="zhuanming">貞元</span>十二年四月誕日，御<span class="zhuanming">麟德殿</span>，詔給事中<span class="zhuanming">徐岱</span>﹑兵部郎中<span class="zhuanming">趙需</span>及<span class="zhuanming">許孟容</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">韋渠牟</span>，與道士<span class="zhuanming">葛參成</span>﹑沙門<span class="zhuanming">談筵</span>等二十人講論三教，<span class="zhuanming">渠牟</span>最辯給<a class="zhuhao" href="#969" id="961">〔五〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">文宗</span>九月誕日，召<span class="zhuanming">白居易</span>與僧<span class="zhuanming">惟澄</span>﹑道士<span class="zhuanming">趙常盈</span>於<span class="zhuanming">麟德殿</span>談論，<span class="zhuanming">居易</span>論難鋒起，辭辯泉注，上疑宿構，深嗟揖之<a class="zhuhao" href="#970" id="962">〔六〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">莊宗</span>代，有僧録<span class="zhuanming">慧江</span>與道門<span class="zhuanming">程紫霄</span>談論，互相切磋，謔浪嘲戲，以悦帝焉。<span class="zhuanming">莊宗</span>自好吟唱，雖行營軍中，亦攜法師談讚，或時嘲挫<a class="zhuhao" href="#971" id="963">〔七〕</a>。每誕辰飯僧，則内殿論義。<span class="zhuanming">明宗</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">石晋</span>之時，僧録<span class="zhuanming">雲辯</span>多於誕日談讚，皇帝親坐，累對論議<a class="zhuhao" href="#972" id="964">〔八〕</a>。至<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span><span class="zhuanming">太祖</span>朝，天下務繁，乃罷斯務，止重僧講，三學爲上，此無乃太厚重而貞實乎？</span> </p><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00155','1726559',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P155</span></i>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#957" id="965">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">史記</span>卷九三<span class="shuming">韓信盧綰列傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">盧綰</span>親與<span class="zhuanming">高祖</span>太上皇相愛，及生男，<span class="zhuanming">高祖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">盧綰</span>同日生，里中持羊酒賀兩家。及<span class="zhuanming">高祖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">盧綰</span>壯，俱學書，又相愛也。里中嘉兩家親相愛，生子同日，壯又相愛，復賀兩家羊酒。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#958" id="966">〔二〕</a>束帛：捆爲一束的五匹帛。用爲聘問﹑饋贈之禮物。<span class="shuming">周禮</span><span class="shuming">春官</span><span class="shuming">大宗伯</span>：「孤執皮帛。」<span class="zhuanming">鄭玄</span>注：「皮帛者，束帛而表以皮爲之飾。」<span class="zhuanming">賈公彦</span>疏：「束者十端，每端丈八尺，皆兩端合卷，總爲五匹，故云束帛也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#959" id="967">〔三〕</a><span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：「孩兒，恐『弧悦』之誤。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#960" id="968">〔四〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一八九上<span class="shuming">賈公彦傳</span>附<span class="shuming">李玄植傳</span>：「時有<span class="zhuanming">趙州</span><span class="zhuanming">李玄植</span>，又受<span class="shuming">三禮</span>於<span class="zhuanming">公彦</span>，撰<span class="shuming">三禮音義</span>行於代。……<span class="zhuanming">高宗</span>時，屢被召見，與道士﹑沙門在御前講説經義。<span class="zhuanming">玄植</span>辯論甚美，申規諷，帝深禮之。」未見有言召<span class="zhuanming">賈公彦</span>講説經義者。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#961" id="969">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一三<span class="shuming">德宗本紀</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">貞元</span>十二年四月）庚辰，上降誕日，命沙門﹑道士加文儒官討論三教，上大悦。」又，卷一三五<span class="shuming">韋渠牟傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">貞元</span>十二年四月，<span class="zhuanming">德宗</span>誕日，御<span class="zhuanming">麟德殿</span>，召給事中<span class="zhuanming">徐岱</span>﹑兵部郎中<span class="zhuanming">趙需</span>﹑禮部郎中<span class="zhuanming">許孟容</span>與<span class="zhuanming">渠牟</span>及道士<span class="zhuanming">萬參成</span>﹑沙門<span class="zhuanming">譚延</span>等十二人，講論儒﹑道﹑<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>三教。<span class="zhuanming">渠牟</span>枝詞遊説，捷口水注。上謂其講耨有素，聽之意動。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#962" id="970">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">舊唐書</span>卷一六六<span class="shuming">白居易傳</span>：「九月上誕節，召<span class="zhuanming">居易</span>與僧<span class="zhuanming">惟澄</span>﹑道士<span class="zhuanming">趙常盈</span>對御講論於<span class="zhuanming">麟德<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00156','1726559',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P156</span></i>殿</span>。<span class="zhuanming">居易</span>論難鋒起，辭辨泉注，上疑宿構，深嗟挹之。」<span class="shuming">白居易集</span>卷六八<span class="shuming">三教論衡</span>，有較詳細記録。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#963" id="971">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二<span class="shuming">法運通塞志十七之九</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">唐莊宗</span>）<span class="zhuanming">同光</span>元年誕節，敕僧録<span class="zhuanming">慧江</span>﹑道士<span class="zhuanming">程紫霄</span>入内殿談論，設千僧齋。」<span class="zhuanming">陶岳</span><span class="shuming">五代史補</span>卷二：「初，<span class="zhuanming">莊宗</span>公子時，雅好音律，又能自撰曲子詞。其後凡用軍，前後隊伍皆以所撰詞授之，使揚聲而唱，謂之『御製』。至於入陣，不論勝負，馬頭纔轉，則衆樂齊作。故凡所鬭戰，人忘其死，斯亦用軍之一法也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#964" id="972">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二<span class="shuming">法運通塞志十七之九</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">明宗</span>）<span class="zhuanming">天成</span>元年誕節，敕僧録<span class="zhuanming">雲辯</span>與道士入内殿談論。」<span class="zhuanming">雲辯</span>爲當時著名的俗講僧。<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">張齊賢</span><span class="shuming">洛陽搢紳舊聞記</span>卷一<span class="shuming">少師佯狂</span>條：「有談歌婦人<span class="zhuanming">楊苧蘿</span>，善合生雜嘲，辯慧有才思，當時罕與比者。少師以姪女呼之，每令謳唱，言詞捷給，聲韻清楚，真<span class="zhuanming">秦青</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">韓娥</span>之儔也。少師以姪女呼之，蓋念其聰俊也。時僧<span class="zhuanming">雲辨</span>能俗講，有文章，敏於應對。若紀祝之辭，隨其名位高下對之，立就千言，皆如宿搆，少師尤重之。<span class="zhuanming">雲辨</span>於<span class="zhuanming">長壽寺</span>五月講，少師詣講院，與<span class="zhuanming">雲辨</span>對坐，歌者在側。忽有大蜘蛛於簷前垂絲而下，正對少師與僧前。<span class="zhuanming">雲辨</span>笑謂歌者曰：『試嘲此蜘蛛。如嘲得著，奉絹兩疋。』歌者更不待思慮，應聲嘲之，意全不離蜘蛛，而嘲戲之辭，正諷<span class="zhuanming">雲辨</span>。少師聞知，絶倒久之。大叫曰：『和尚取絹五疋來。』<span class="zhuanming">雲辨</span>且笑，遂以絹五疋奉之。歌者嘲蜘蛛云：『喫得肚鑍撑，尋絲繞寺行。空中設羅網，祇待殺衆生。』</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">蓋譏<span class="zhuanming">雲辨</span>體肥而壯大故也。</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">雲辨</span>師名<span class="zhuanming">圓鑒</span>，後爲左<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00157','1726559',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P157</span></i>街司録，久之遷化。」按：「辨」「辯」多有混用者，此「雲辨」，當即「雲辯」，<span class="zhuanming">敦煌</span>遺書<span class="zhuanming">伯</span>三三六一﹑<span class="zhuanming">斯</span>三七二八﹑<span class="zhuanming">斯</span>四四七二等寫卷抄録有<span class="zhuanming">雲辯</span>的<span class="shuming">故圓鑒大師二十四孝押座文</span>﹑<span class="shuming">修建寺殿募捐辭十首</span>﹑<span class="shuming">右街僧録圓鑒大師雲辯進十慈悲偈</span>等俗文學作品。</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
譯經
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138195" key="1138195"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 譯經 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138196" key="1138196"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00026','1726514',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P26</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000028">譯經</p><p> <span>昔<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span>校書<span class="zhuanming">天禄</span>，見有佛經，知于時未事翻傳，必存<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>夾。若然，<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span>安識<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>字而云列仙有七十餘人，已見佛經<a class="zhuhao" href="#253" id="245">〔一〕</a>？又以<span class="zhuanming">文殊菩薩</span>亦號列仙耶？蓋<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span>博識全才，象胥<a class="zhuhao" href="#254" id="246">〔二〕</a>之學，自能之矣。覽其<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>夾，迴作<span class="zhuanming">華</span>言，尋認七十許人見佛經也。若論翻譯，則<span class="zhuanming">摩騰</span>初出<span class="shuming">四十二章經</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#255" id="247">〔三〕</a>，及<span class="zhuanming">法蘭</span>同譯<span class="shuming">十地</span>﹑<span class="shuming">佛本生</span>﹑<span class="shuming">法海藏</span>﹑<span class="shuming">佛本行</span>等經，爲其始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#256" id="248">〔四〕</a>。次則<span class="zhuanming">安清</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#257" id="249">〔五〕</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">支讖</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#258" id="250">〔六〕</a>﹑<span class="zhuanming">支謙</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#259" id="251">〔七〕</a>等相繼翻述。<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>末<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>初，傳譯漸盛，或翻佛爲衆祐，或翻辟支爲古佛。<span class="zhuanming">支讖</span>出<span class="shuming">首楞嚴經</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#260" id="252">〔八〕</a>云：佛在<span class="zhuanming">王舍城</span><span class="zhuanming">靈鷲</span>頂山中。存没不同，用舍各異。斯乃譯經之椎輪者焉。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#245" id="253">〔一〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">世説新語</span><span class="shuming">文學篇</span>注：「<span class="zhuanming">劉子政</span><span class="shuming">列仙傳</span>曰：『歷觀百家之中，以相檢驗，得仙者百四十六人。其七十四人，已在佛經。故撰得七十，可以多聞博識者遐觀焉。』如此，即<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">成</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">哀</span><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00027','1726514',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P27</span></i>之間，已有經矣。」<span class="shuming">顔氏家訓</span><span class="shuming">書證篇</span>：「<span class="shuming">列仙傳</span><span class="zhuanming">劉向</span>所造，而<span class="shuming">贊</span>云七十四人出佛經。……皆由後人所羼，非本文也。」<span class="zhuanming">俞正燮</span><span class="shuming">癸巳類稿</span>卷一四<span class="shuming">僧徒僞造劉向文考</span>：「<span class="shuming">弘明集</span><span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">宗炳</span><span class="shuming">明佛論</span>，一名<span class="shuming">神不滅論</span>，引<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span><span class="shuming">列仙傳序</span>云：『七十四人，在於佛經。』又云：『佛爲黄面夫子。』其言欲證佛在<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span>前。時<span class="zhuanming">劉義慶</span><span class="shuming">世説注</span>亦引<span class="zhuanming">劉子政</span><span class="shuming">列仙傳</span>云：『列觀百家之中，以相檢驗，得仙者百四十六人，其七十四人，已在佛經，故撰得七十，可以爲多聞博識者遐觀焉。』<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">僧祐</span><span class="shuming">弘明論</span>引<span class="zhuanming">漢元</span>之時<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span>序<span class="shuming">列仙</span>云：『七十四人，出在佛經。』一若<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span>實有此文也者。<span class="shuming">顔氏家訓</span><span class="shuming">書證篇</span>引<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span><span class="shuming">列仙傳</span><span class="shuming">贊</span>云：『七十四人出佛經。此由後人所羼，非本文也。』<span class="zhuanming">顔氏</span>通矣。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>則<span class="zhuanming">向</span>書又增，<span class="shuming">破邪論</span>引<span class="shuming">列仙傳</span>云：『其七十四人，已見佛經矣。』<span class="shuming">辨正論</span>内<span class="shuming">九箴篇</span>引<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span><span class="shuming">古</span>﹑<span class="shuming">舊</span>二<span class="shuming">録</span>云：『佛經流於<span class="zhuanming">中夏</span>百五十年後，<span class="zhuanming">老子</span>方説五千文。』又引<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span><span class="shuming">古録</span>云：『<span class="zhuanming">惠王</span>時，已漸佛教。』<span class="shuming">法苑珠林</span>引<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span><span class="shuming">列仙傳</span>云：『吾搜檢太史藏書，辨撰<span class="shuming">列仙圖</span>，<span class="zhuanming">黄帝</span>以下迄於今，定檢實録，百四十六人，其七十四人，已見佛經矣。』<span class="shuming">破邪論</span>又引<span class="shuming">劉向傳</span>云：『吾遍尋典策，往往見有佛經。』<span class="shuming">法苑珠林</span>亦引<span class="shuming">劉向傳</span>云：『博觀史册，往往有佛經。』案所引<span class="zhuanming">向</span>言，俱似辨諍；<span class="zhuanming">向</span>時尚無人知有佛者，<span class="zhuanming">向</span>何用辨？是知作僞者之非賢矣。」<span class="zhuanming">南宋</span><span class="zhuanming">志磐</span><span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷三四，謂其所見之傳，亦有此語，然佛經已改爲仙經矣。<span class="zhuanming">湯用彤</span><span class="shuming">漢魏兩晋南北朝佛教史</span>云：「而現在通行版本，則已無七十四人出於佛經或仙經之語，蓋此書曾歷經道士改竄也。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00028','1726514',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P28</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#246" id="254">〔二〕</a>象胥：本指接待四方使者的官員。<span class="shuming">周禮</span><span class="shuming">秋官</span><span class="shuming">象胥</span>：「掌<span class="zhuanming">蠻</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">夷</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">閩</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">貉</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">戎</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">狄</span>之國使，掌傳王之言而諭説焉，以和親之。」這裏指翻譯。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#247" id="255">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">攝摩騰傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">攝摩騰</span>，本<span class="zhuanming">中天竺</span>人。……<span class="zhuanming">騰</span>譯<span class="shuming">四十二章經</span>一卷。初緘在<span class="zhuanming">蘭臺</span>石室第十四間中。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#248" id="256">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">竺法蘭傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">竺法蘭</span>，亦<span class="zhuanming">中天竺</span>人。……少時便善<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>言。<span class="zhuanming">愔</span>於<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>獲經，即爲翻譯<span class="shuming">十地斷結</span>﹑<span class="shuming">佛本生</span>﹑<span class="shuming">法海藏</span>﹑<span class="shuming">佛本行</span>﹑<span class="shuming">四十二章</span>等五部。移都寇亂，四部失本不傳，<span class="zhuanming">江左</span>唯<span class="shuming">四十二章經</span>今見在，可二千餘言。<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>地見存諸經，唯此爲始也。」又參「創造伽藍」條注五。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#249" id="257">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">安清傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">安清</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">世高</span>，<span class="zhuanming">安息國</span>王正后之太子也。……以<span class="zhuanming">漢桓</span>之初，始到<span class="zhuanming">中夏</span>。才悟機敏，一聞能達。至止未久，即通習<span class="zhuanming">華</span>言，於是宣譯衆經，改<span class="zhuanming">胡</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>，出<span class="shuming">安般守意</span>﹑<span class="shuming">陰持入</span>﹑<span class="shuming">大小十二門</span>及<span class="shuming">百六十品</span>。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#250" id="258">〔六〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">支樓迦讖傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">支樓迦讖</span>，亦直云<span class="zhuanming">支讖</span>，本<span class="zhuanming">月支</span>人。操行純深，性度開敏，禀持法戒，以精懃著稱。諷誦群經，志存宣法。<span class="zhuanming">漢靈帝</span>時遊于<span class="zhuanming">雒陽</span>，以<span class="zhuanming">光和</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">中平</span>之間，傳譯<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>文，出<span class="shuming">般若道行</span>﹑<span class="shuming">般舟</span>﹑<span class="shuming">首楞嚴</span>等三經。又有<span class="shuming">阿闍世王</span>﹑<span class="shuming">寶積</span>等十餘部經，歲久無録。<span class="zhuanming">安公</span>校定古今，精尋文體，云：似<span class="zhuanming">讖</span>所出。凡此諸經，皆審得本旨，了不加飾，可謂善宣法要，弘道之士也。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00029','1726514',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P29</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#251" id="259">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">康僧會傳</span>附<span class="shuming">支謙傳</span>：「優婆塞<span class="zhuanming">支謙</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">恭明</span>，一名<span class="zhuanming">越</span>，本<span class="zhuanming">月支</span>人，來遊<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>境。……<span class="zhuanming">謙</span>以大教雖行，而經多<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>文，未盡翻譯。己妙善方言，乃收集衆本，譯爲<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>語。從<span class="zhuanming">吴</span><span class="zhuanming">黄武</span>元年至<span class="zhuanming">建興</span>中，所出<span class="shuming">維摩</span>﹑<span class="shuming">大般泥洹</span>﹑<span class="shuming">法句</span>﹑<span class="shuming">瑞應本起</span>等四十九經，曲得聖義，辭旨文雅。又依<span class="shuming">無量壽</span>﹑<span class="shuming">中本起</span>，製菩提連句梵唄三契。并注<span class="shuming">了本生死經</span>等，皆行於世。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#252" id="260">〔八〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷二：「<span class="shuming">首楞嚴經</span>，二卷。<span class="zhuanming">中平</span>二年十二月八日出。今闕。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
卷下
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138199" key="1138199"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷下 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138200" key="1138200"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00153','1726558',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P153</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000114"><b>大宋僧史略卷下<span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">咸平</span>二年重更修理</span></b></p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">右街僧録<span class="zhuanming">通慧大師</span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>奉敕撰</span> </p><p> <span>四十一﹑誕辰談論</span> <span class="font12 zhu">内齋附</span> <span>　四十二﹑賜僧紫衣</span> </p><p> <span>四十三﹑賜師號</span> <span class="font12 zhu">德號附</span> <span>　四十四﹑内供奉并引駕</span> </p><p> <span>四十五﹑封授官秩　四十六﹑方等戒壇</span> </p><p> <span>四十七﹑結社法集　四十八﹑賜夏臘</span> </p><p> <span>四十九﹑對王者稱謂　五十﹑臨壇法位</span> </p><p> <span>五十一﹑度僧規利　五十二﹑賜謚號</span> </p><p> <span>五十三﹑菩薩僧　五十四﹑得道證果</span> <span class="font12 zhu">尼附</span> </p><p> <span>五十五﹑大秦末尼　五十六﹑駕頭牀子</span> </p><p> <span>五十七﹑城闍天王　五十八﹑上元放燈</span> </p><p> <span>五十九﹑總論</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
行像
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138203" key="1138203"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 創造伽藍 &gt; 行像 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138204" key="1138204"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00022','1726513',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P22</span></i><p class="font18" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000026"><b>行像</b></p><p> <span>行像者，自佛泥洹，王臣多恨不親覩佛，由是立佛降生相，或作太子巡城像。<span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">法顯</span>到<span class="zhuanming">巴連弗城</span>，見彼用建卯月八日行像，以車結縛五層，高二丈許，狀如塔。彩畫諸天形，衆<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00023','1726513',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P23</span></i>寶作龕，佛坐，菩薩立侍，可二十車，車各樣嚴飾。婆羅門子請佛，次第入城内宿，通夜供養。國國皆然。王及長者立福德醫藥舍，凡貧病者詣其中，醫師瞻候，病差方去<a class="zhuhao" href="#234" id="223">〔一〕</a>。又，<span class="zhuanming">嶺</span>北<span class="zhuanming">龜兹</span>東荒城寺，每秋分後十日間，一國僧徒皆赴五年大會。</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">西域</span>謂之般遮于瑟。</span> <span>國王庶民，皆捐俗務，受經聽法。莊嚴佛像，載<a class="zhuhao" href="#235" id="224">〔二〕</a>以車輦，謂之行像<a class="zhuhao" href="#236" id="225">〔三〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">于闐</span>則以四月一日行像，至十四日訖，王及夫人始還宫耳<a class="zhuhao" href="#237" id="226">〔四〕</a>。今<span class="zhuanming">夏臺</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">靈武</span>，每年二月八日，僧戴夾苧佛像<a class="zhuhao" href="#238" id="227">〔五〕</a>，侍從圍繞，幡蓋﹑歌樂引導，謂之巡城。以城市行市爲限，百姓賴其消災也。又，此土夏安居畢，僧衆持花執扇，吹貝鳴鐃，引而雙行，謂之出隊迦提也。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">取迦提月<a class="zhuhao" href="#239" id="228">〔六〕</a>名也。</span> <span><span class="shuming">釋老志</span>曰：<span class="zhuanming">魏世祖</span>於四月八日，輿諸寺像，行於廣衢。帝御門樓臨觀，散花致禮焉<a class="zhuhao" href="#240" id="229">〔七〕</a>。又<span class="zhuanming">景興尼寺</span>金像出時，詔羽林一百人舉輦，伎樂皆由内給<a class="zhuhao" href="#241" id="230">〔八〕</a>。又安居畢，明日總集，旋繞村城，禮諸制底。棚車輿<a class="zhuhao" href="#242" id="231">〔九〕</a>像，幡花蔽日，名曰三摩近離。</span> <span class="font12 zhu">此曰和集。</span> <span>斯乃<span class="zhuanming">神州</span>行城<a class="zhuhao" href="#243" id="232">〔一○〕</a>法也<a class="zhuhao" href="#244" id="233">〔一一〕</a>。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#223" id="234">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">法顯傳</span>：「度河南下一由延，到<span class="zhuanming">摩竭提國</span><span class="zhuanming">巴連弗邑</span>。<span class="zhuanming">巴連弗邑</span>是<span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>所治。城中王宫殿皆使鬼神作，累石起牆闕，雕文刻鏤，非世所造，今故現在。……凡諸中國，唯此國城邑爲大，民人富盛，競行仁義。年年常以建卯月八日行像。作四輪車，縛竹作五層，有承櫨﹑揠戟，高二疋餘許，其狀如塔。又白㲲纏上，然後彩畫，作諸天形像。以金﹑銀﹑琉璃莊校<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00024','1726513',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P24</span></i>其上，懸繒幡蓋。四邊作龕，皆有坐佛，菩薩立侍。可有二十車，車車莊嚴各異。當此日，境内道俗皆集，作倡伎樂，華香供養。婆羅門子來請佛，佛次第入城。入城内再宿。通夜然燈，伎樂供養。國國皆爾。其國長者﹑居士各於城中立福德醫藥舍，凡國中貧窮﹑孤獨﹑殘跛，一切病人，皆詣此舍，種種供給。醫師看病隨宜，飲食及湯藥皆令得安，差者自去。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#224" id="235">〔二〕</a>載：底本作「戴」，據<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#225" id="236">〔三〕</a><span class="shuming">大唐西域記</span>卷一<span class="shuming">屈支國</span>：「荒城北四十餘里，接山阿，隔一河水，有二伽藍，同名<span class="zhuanming">昭怙釐</span>，而東西隨稱。佛像莊飾，殆越人工。僧徒清肅，誠爲勤勵。<span class="zhuanming">東昭怙釐</span>佛堂中有玉石，面廣二尺餘，色帶黄白，狀如海蛤。其上有佛足履之迹，長尺有八寸，廣餘六寸矣。或有齋日，照燭光明。大城西門外，路左右各有立佛像，高九十餘尺。於此像前，建五年一大會處。每歲秋分數十日間，舉國僧徒，皆來會集。上自君王，下至士庶，捐廢俗務，奉持齋戒，受經聽法，渴日忘疲。諸僧伽藍，莊嚴佛像，瑩以珍寶，飾之錦綺，載諸輦輿，謂之行像。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#226" id="237">〔四〕</a><span class="shuming">法顯傳</span>：「其國（校注者按：指<span class="zhuanming">于闐</span>）中十四大僧伽藍，不數小者。從四月一日，城裏便掃灑道路，莊嚴巷陌。其城門上張大幃幕，事事嚴飾。王及夫人﹑采女，皆住其中。<span class="zhuanming">瞿摩帝</span>僧是大乘學，王所敬重，最先行像。離城三四里，作四輪像車，高三丈餘，狀如行殿，七寶莊校，懸繒幡蓋。像立車中，二菩薩侍，作諸天侍從，皆金銀彫瑩，懸於虚空。像去門百步，王脱天冠，易著新衣，徒跣持華香，翼從出城迎像。頭面禮足，散華燒香。像入城時，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00025','1726513',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P25</span></i>門樓上夫人﹑采女遥散衆華，紛紛而下。如是莊嚴供具，車車各異。一僧伽藍則一日行像，白月一日爲始，至十四日行像乃訖。行像訖，王及夫人乃還宫耳。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#227" id="238">〔五〕</a>夾苧佛像：夾苧是漆器胎骨的一種製作方法，俗稱「脱胎」。先以泥土做胎模，外面裹以苧（細布）和漆層，待形像定型後，再取出泥胎。夾苧佛像即以夾苧之法製作的佛像。夾苧佛像輕巧，便於行像。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#228" id="239">〔六〕</a>迦提月：按<span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷一一：「迦利邸迦月，薑伽反，<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>説也，<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>言昴星。每年九月十五日，月臨昴宿，故取此星爲九月名。古名迦提，訛略不正也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#229" id="240">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">魏書</span>卷一一四<span class="shuming">釋老志</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">世祖</span>初即位，亦遵<span class="zhuanming">太祖</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">太宗</span>之業，每引高德沙門，與共談論。於四月八日，輿諸佛像，行於廣衢，帝親御門樓，臨觀散花，以致禮敬。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#230" id="241">〔八〕</a><span class="shuming">洛陽伽藍記</span>卷二：「<span class="zhuanming">石橋</span>南道有<span class="zhuanming">景興尼寺</span>，亦閹官等所共立也。有金像輦，去地三丈，上施寶蓋，四面垂金鈴七寶珠。飛天伎樂，望之雲表。作工甚精，難可揚榷。像出之日，常詔羽林一百人舉此像，絲竹雜伎，皆由旨給。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#231" id="242">〔九〕</a>輿：底本作「興」，據<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#232" id="243">〔一○〕</a>城：<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本作「像」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#233" id="244">〔一一〕</a><span class="shuming">南海寄歸内法傳</span>卷二<span class="shuming">隨意成規</span>：「凡夏罷歲終之時，此日應名隨意，即是隨他於三事之中任意舉發，説罪除愆之義。舊云自恣者，是義翻也。必須於十四日夜，請一經師，昇高座<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00026','1726513',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P26</span></i>誦佛經。于時俗士雲奔，法徒霧集，燃燈續明，香華供養。明朝總出，旋繞村城，各並虔心，禮諸制底。棚車輿像，鼓樂張天，幡蓋縈羅，飄揚蔽日，名爲三摩近離，譯爲和集。凡大齋日，悉皆如是，即是<span class="zhuanming">神州</span>行城法也。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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僧籍弛張
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138207" key="1138207"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷中 &gt; 僧籍弛張 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138208" key="1138208"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00150','1726557',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P150</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000112">僧籍弛張</p><p> <span>夫得果之人，且無限劑。出家之士，豈有司存？既來文物之朝，須設紏繩之任。其<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00151','1726557',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P151</span></i>有見優閑而競入，懼徭役以奔來，輒爾冒名，實非高士，僧之内律，豈能御其風牛佚馬邪？故設僧局以綰之，立名籍以紀之。<span class="zhuanming">周</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>之世，無得而知。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>來主張，方聞附麗。<span class="zhuanming">文宗</span><span class="zhuanming">大和</span>四年正月，祠部請天下僧尼冒名非正度者，具名申省，各給省牒，以憑入籍。時入申名者，計七十萬。造帳入籍，自<span class="zhuanming">大和</span>五年始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#955" id="953">〔一〕</a>。若然者，前豈無籍帳邪？監福曹﹑昭玄寺﹑崇玄署，將何統斷僧務乎？對曰：勘造僧帳，體度不同，或逐寺總知，或隨州别録，或單名轉數，或納牒改添，故不同也。然則出時君之好惡，乃入籍之解張。今<span class="zhuanming">大宋</span>用<span class="zhuanming">周</span><span class="zhuanming">顯德</span>條貫<a class="zhuhao" href="#956" id="954">〔二〕</a>，三年一造，著于律令也。</span> </p><p class="weizhi_zhanwei"></p><p> <span><span class="shuming">大宋僧史略</span>卷中</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#953" id="955">〔一〕</a>按：僧帳之始，諸説不一。<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二<span class="shuming">法運通塞志十七之九</span>亦曰：「（<span class="zhuanming">大和</span>）四年，祠部請令天下僧尼非正度者，許具名申省給牒。時入申者七十萬人。」「五年，敕天下州郡造僧尼籍。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#954" id="956">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">釋氏稽古略</span>卷三：「（<span class="zhuanming">周世宗</span><span class="zhuanming">顯德</span>二年）二月，<span class="zhuanming">周</span>帝詔併省天下無敕額寺院，令郡府歲造僧帳，凡死亡者，以時開落之。僧帳自此而始。」<span class="shuming">釋門正統</span>卷四<span class="shuming">興衰志</span>：「先是，<span class="zhuanming">則天</span><span class="zhuanming">延載</span>初，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00152','1726557',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P152</span></i>敕天下僧尼隸祠部。<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>（二十五），又制僧尼隸祠部撿挍。<span class="zhuanming">天寶</span>五，又制僧尼祠部給牒。至<span class="zhuanming">肅宗</span><span class="zhuanming">至德</span>二載，以<span class="zhuanming">安</span><span class="zhuanming">史</span>連禍，軍興乏用，制僧尼祠部鬻牒。自時厥後，<span class="zhuanming">文宗</span><span class="zhuanming">太和</span>制僧尼造帳入籍，<span class="zhuanming">宋世宗</span>又令歲造僧帳。<span class="zhuanming">嵩明教</span>尊僧籍僧之文，蓋有激而云也。世尊有敕：非我所制，餘方爲清浄者，不得不行。得非佛眼懸鑑，當順正法乎？」<span class="shuming">事物紀原</span>卷七：「僧帳，又曰舊制僧尼簿，三年一造。其籍一本送祠部，一本留州縣。又，<span class="zhuanming">開元</span>十七年八月十日，敕僧尼宜依十六年舊籍，則僧尼供帳，始於此耳。<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>曰：<span class="zhuanming">唐文宗</span><span class="zhuanming">太和</span>四年正月，祠部請天下僧尼具名申省，以憑入籍，入籍造帳，自<span class="zhuanming">太和</span>始也。二文不同，以<span class="shuming">會要</span>爲正。本朝用<span class="zhuanming">周</span><span class="zhuanming">顯德</span>事，三年一造帳，定著於令。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
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僧入震旦
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138211" key="1138211"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 僧入震旦 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138212" key="1138212"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00012','1726509',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P12</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000018">僧入震旦</p><p> <span><span class="shuming">五運圖</span>云：<span class="zhuanming">周</span>世聖教靈迹及<span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>造塔置于此土，合有傳記，良以<span class="zhuanming">秦始皇</span>焚書，此亦隨爇，故今無處追尋。案<span class="zhuanming">始皇</span>時，有沙門<span class="zhuanming">釋利房</span>等十八賢者，齎經來化。<span class="zhuanming">始皇</span>弗信，遂禁錮之。夜有神人，破獄出之<a class="zhuhao" href="#170" id="165">〔一〕</a>。又<span class="zhuanming">漢成帝</span>時，<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span>挍書於<span class="zhuanming">天禄閣</span>，往往見有佛經。及著<span class="shuming">列仙傳</span>，得一百三十六人，七十四人已見佛經<a class="zhuhao" href="#171" id="166">〔二〕</a>。以此詳究，知<span class="zhuanming">周</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>之代，已有佛教沙門，止未大興耳。至<span class="zhuanming">後漢</span>第二主<span class="zhuanming">明帝</span><span class="zhuanming">永平</span>七年，因夢金人，乃令<span class="zhuanming">秦景</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">蔡愔</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">王遵</span>往<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>迎佛教，於<span class="zhuanming">月氏</span>遇<span class="zhuanming">迦葉摩騰</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">竺法蘭</span>二沙門入<span class="zhuanming">東夏</span>。今以爲始也<a class="zhuhao" href="#172" id="167">〔三〕</a>。于時佛法雖到中原，未流<span class="zhuanming">江表</span>，信受未廣，傳行未周。洎<span class="zhuanming">孫氏</span>鼎分，封疆阻隔，有<span class="zhuanming">康僧會</span>者，本<span class="zhuanming">康居國</span>人，<span class="zhuanming">赤烏</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#173" id="168">〔四〕</a>年中，始化於南土也<a class="zhuhao" href="#174" id="169">〔五〕</a>。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#165" id="170">〔一〕</a><span class="shuming">歷代三寶紀</span>卷一：「<span class="zhuanming">嬴昭襄王</span>立五十二年，滅<span class="zhuanming">周</span>稱<span class="zhuanming">秦</span>，改<span class="zhuanming">鎬京</span>爲<span class="zhuanming">咸陽</span>，仍即都之。至第四主<span class="zhuanming">始皇帝</span><span class="zhuanming">正</span>二十六年，蕩除六國。二十七年，廢罷九州，分天下爲三十六郡。三十四年，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00013','1726509',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P13</span></i>所有典籍悉皆焚燒，唯醫方藥術，不在爇限，降此悉灰，緣是<span class="zhuanming">周代</span>聖教靈迹及<span class="zhuanming">阿育王</span>造舍利塔，傳記湮絶，靡知所承。又<span class="zhuanming">始皇</span>時，有諸沙門<span class="zhuanming">釋利防</span>等十八賢者，齎經來化。<span class="zhuanming">始皇</span>弗從，遂禁<span class="zhuanming">利防</span>等。夜有金剛丈六人來，破獄出之，<span class="zhuanming">始皇</span>驚怖，稽首謝焉。」又<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷三四：「<span class="zhuanming">秦始皇</span>四年，<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">室利房</span>等十八人，齎佛經來化，帝以其異俗囚之。夜有丈六金神破户出之，帝驚，稽首稱謝，以厚禮遣出境。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#166" id="171">〔二〕</a><span class="shuming">弘明集</span>卷二<span class="zhuanming">宗炳</span><span class="shuming">明佛論</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span><span class="shuming">列仙</span>，叙七十四人在佛經。」<span class="zhuanming">僧祐</span><span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷二：「昔<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span>校書，已見佛經。」<span class="zhuanming">釋法琳</span><span class="shuming">破邪論</span>卷下：「至<span class="zhuanming">秦始皇</span>三十四年，焚燒典籍，<span class="zhuanming">育王</span>諸塔，由此淪亡。佛家經傳，靡知所在。如<span class="zhuanming">釋道安</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">朱士行</span>等<span class="shuming">經録</span>目云：<span class="zhuanming">始皇</span>之時，有外國沙門<span class="zhuanming">釋利房</span>等一十八賢者，齎持佛經，來化<span class="zhuanming">始皇</span>，<span class="zhuanming">始皇</span>弗從，遂囚禁<span class="zhuanming">房</span>等。夜有金剛丈六人來，破獄出之。<span class="zhuanming">始皇</span>驚怖，稽首謝焉。問曰：雖有此説，年紀莫知，以何爲證？請陳其決也。答曰：<span class="zhuanming">前漢</span><span class="zhuanming">成帝</span>時，都水使者光禄大夫<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span>傳云：<span class="zhuanming">向</span>博觀史籍，備覽經書。每自稱曰：余遍尋典策，往往見有佛經。及著<span class="shuming">列仙傳</span>，云：吾搜檢藏書，緬尋太史，創撰<span class="shuming">列仙圖</span>，自<span class="zhuanming">黄帝</span>已下六代迄到於今，得仙道者七百餘人。<span class="zhuanming">向</span>檢虚實，定得一百四十六人。又云：其七十四人，已見佛經矣。推<span class="zhuanming">劉向</span>言藏書者，蓋<span class="zhuanming">始皇</span>時人間藏書也。或云：夫子宅内所藏之書。據此而論，豈非<span class="zhuanming">秦</span><span class="zhuanming">漢</span>已前，早有佛法流行<span class="zhuanming">震旦</span>也？」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#167" id="172">〔三〕</a>出<span class="shuming">魏書</span><span class="shuming">釋老志</span>。參下「經像東傳」條注一。</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00014','1726509',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P14</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#168" id="173">〔四〕</a>烏，底本誤爲「鳥」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#169" id="174">〔五〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷一<span class="shuming">康僧會傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">康僧會</span>，其先<span class="zhuanming">康居</span>人，世居<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>。其父因商賈，移於<span class="zhuanming">交趾</span>。……時<span class="zhuanming">吴</span>地初染大法，風化未全。<span class="zhuanming">僧會</span>欲使道振<span class="zhuanming">江左</span>，興立圖寺，乃杖錫東遊。以<span class="zhuanming">吴</span><span class="zhuanming">赤烏</span>十年，初達<span class="zhuanming">建鄴</span>。營立茅茨，設像行道。」</span> </p></div></div></div>
</>
佛降生年代
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv170757" key="170757"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 &gt; 佛降生年代 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138214" key="1138214"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00002','1726508',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P2</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000016">佛降生年代</p><p> <span>按佛生日，多説不同：一則應現<a class="zhuhao" href="#140" id="115">〔一〕</a>非常，遇緣即化，故有見聞不同也；一則<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>來僧，生處有都城村落，傳事有部類宗計，故各説不同也；一則<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>朴略，罕能紀録，庶事寬慢，不尚繁細，故流傳不同也。今且據東土傳記及經律所明，而有多説。</span> </p><p> <span>案<span class="shuming">上統傳</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#141" id="116">〔二〕</a>﹑<span class="shuming">漢法本内傳</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#142" id="117">〔三〕</a>合<span class="shuming">阿含經</span>中，皆曰<span class="zhuanming">周昭王</span>二十三年七月十五日，現白象瑞，降<span class="zhuanming">摩耶夫人</span>胎。明年四月八日，於<span class="zhuanming">嵐毗園</span>波羅下，右脅而誕也。</span> </p><p> <span><span class="shuming">周書異記</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#143" id="118">〔四〕</a>曰：<span class="zhuanming">昭王</span>二十四年甲寅歲四月八日，江河泉池忽然汎溢，井皆騰涌，宫殿震動。其夜，五色光氣貫于太微，遍于西方，作青虹色。時王問太史<span class="zhuanming">蘇由</span>，<span class="zhuanming">由</span>對曰：有大聖出于西方，故現此瑞。王曰：於國無損乎？對曰：一千年後，聲教當被于此<a class="zhuhao" href="#144" id="119">〔五〕</a>。</span> </p><p> <span>又案<span class="shuming">五運圖</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#145" id="120">〔六〕</a>云：<span class="zhuanming">東周</span><span class="zhuanming">平王</span>四十八年戊午歲佛生。此説則無憑也。又依<span class="zhuanming">道安</span>，<span class="shuming">羅<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00003','1726508',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P3</span></i>什紀</span>及<span class="shuming">石柱銘</span>云：<span class="zhuanming">周</span>十八主<span class="zhuanming">桓王</span>五年乙丑歲佛生<a class="zhuhao" href="#146" id="121">〔七〕</a>。此亦非也。</span> </p><p> <span>又<span class="zhuanming">費長房</span><span class="shuming">開皇三寶録</span>中，定佛是<span class="zhuanming">周莊王</span><span class="zhuanming">佗</span>十年甲午四月八日生，以常星不見爲徵也<a class="zhuhao" href="#147" id="122">〔八〕</a>。又<span class="zhuanming">法顯</span>曾遊<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>，云佛是<span class="zhuanming">商王</span>代中生。<span class="zhuanming">顯</span>因見<span class="zhuanming">師子國</span>三月出佛齒，供養王前，宣曰：佛滅已一千四百九十七載也<a class="zhuhao" href="#148" id="123">〔九〕</a>。<span class="zhuanming">顯</span>以<span class="zhuanming">晋</span><span class="zhuanming">義熙</span>中逆推，知佛是<span class="zhuanming">商</span>時生矣。又<span class="zhuanming">廬山</span><span class="zhuanming">度律師</span>衆聖點記<a class="zhuhao" href="#149" id="124">〔一○〕</a>云：<span class="zhuanming">周貞定王</span>二年甲戌佛生。<span class="zhuanming">法寶大師</span>全不取此<a class="zhuhao" href="#150" id="125">〔一一〕</a>。又<span class="shuming">感通傳</span>中，是<span class="zhuanming">夏桀</span>之時見佛垂迹也<a class="zhuhao" href="#151" id="126">〔一二〕</a>。</span> </p><p> <span>次上諸説，帝代不同。一﹑<span class="zhuanming">夏</span>末；二﹑<span class="zhuanming">商</span>末；三﹑<span class="zhuanming">周昭王</span>時；四﹑<span class="zhuanming">平王</span>時；五﹑<span class="zhuanming">桓王</span>時；六﹑<span class="zhuanming">莊王</span>時；七﹑<span class="zhuanming">貞定王</span>時。皆據此方傳記所説。若案經律者，<span class="shuming">浴佛經</span>云：一切佛皆四月八日生也<a class="zhuhao" href="#152" id="127">〔一三〕</a>。<span class="shuming">瑞應經</span>亦云四月八日生<a class="zhuhao" href="#153" id="128">〔一四〕</a>。而<span class="shuming">薩婆多論</span>中，即云二月八日生<a class="zhuhao" href="#154" id="129">〔一五〕</a>。是則内教二説不同也。今謂佛若是<span class="zhuanming">夏</span>時生，即今建巳四月八日也。若<span class="zhuanming">商</span>時生，即今建辰月八日也。若<span class="zhuanming">周</span>時生，即今建卯月八日也。又據<span class="zhuanming">南山</span><span class="zhuanming">宣<a class="zhuhao" href="#155" id="130">〔一六〕</a>律師</span>問天人曰：此土傳佛生時，或云<span class="zhuanming">商代</span>，或<span class="zhuanming">周昭王</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">魯莊公</span>世，如何指的？答曰：皆有所以。弟子是<span class="zhuanming">夏桀</span>時生天，具見佛之垂化。然佛有三身，法﹑報二身，非人天所見，唯化身佛，普被三千，故有百億<span class="zhuanming">釋迦</span>，隨機所感，前後不定，不足疑也<a class="zhuhao" href="#156" id="131">〔一七〕</a>。</span> </p><p> <span>今東京以臘月八日浴佛，言佛生日者。案<span class="shuming">祇洹圖經</span>，寺中有坡黎師子，形如拳許大，<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00004','1726508',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P4</span></i>口出妙音。菩薩聞之，皆超地位。每至臘月八日，<span class="zhuanming">舍衛城</span>中士女競持香花，來聽法音<a class="zhuhao" href="#157" id="132">〔一八〕</a>。詳彼，不言佛生日，疑<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>以臘八爲節日耳。又疑是用<span class="shuming">多論</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#158" id="133">〔一九〕</a>二月八日，臘月乃<span class="zhuanming">周</span>之二月也。東西遼夐，故多差異焉。</span> </p><p> <span>又<span class="zhuanming">江表</span>以今四月八日爲佛生日者，依<span class="shuming">瑞應經</span>也<a class="zhuhao" href="#159" id="134">〔二○〕</a>。如用<span class="zhuanming">周</span>正，則合是今二月八日。今用建巳月，乃<span class="zhuanming">周</span>之六月也。詳此濫用建巳月者，有二意焉：一﹑聞聲便用，不摭實求時；一﹑翻經者多用<span class="zhuanming">夏</span>正，故斯謬耳。若如<span class="zhuanming">南山</span>云，并衆生見聞不同，故時節不等，不宜確執。然則兩方相接，三藏所傳，以<span class="zhuanming">周昭</span>時生，理爲長也。</span> </p><p> <span>重之曰：前言月八日者，爲<span class="zhuanming">東夏</span>耶？爲<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>耶？若尋條見本，從水求源，則事無不周，理有攸貫。且<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>歲首，諸説不同。<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">慧嚴</span>與<span class="zhuanming">何承天</span>争中邊，言<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>以建辰爲歲首<a class="zhuhao" href="#160" id="135">〔二一〕</a>。<span class="shuming">傳</span>又云：十二月三十日號大神變月，即此土正月十五日<a class="zhuhao" href="#161" id="136">〔二二〕</a>。此指<span class="zhuanming">夏</span>正也。而用十六日生魄，爲月初一日焉。今未詳建辰月爲取今三月月生日爲歲首，爲是月半分之準。西土無正二三月名，但取星直月爲月名耳，如毗舍佉<a class="zhuhao" href="#162" id="137">〔二三〕</a>月﹑迦提<a class="zhuhao" href="#163" id="138">〔二四〕</a>月是也。</span> </p><p> <span>又<span class="zhuanming">葱嶺</span>北諸國，或以建未月爲正首，或春際爲夏安居。是知隨方，宗計各别，況佛在<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>説經，羅漢居<span class="zhuanming">竺乾</span>造論，必不指<span class="zhuanming">東震</span>之月。所言四月八日者，<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>四月八日也。以事符合<span class="shuming">周書異記</span><span class="zhuanming">昭王</span>四月八日祥瑞，疑翻譯時隨聲筆受，妄認<span class="zhuanming">夏</span>正也。唯爲有<span class="shuming">七月十五日<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00005','1726508',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P5</span></i>臘法經</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#164" id="139">〔二五〕</a>是用此方爲文，令人惑之，故兩存也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#115" id="140">〔一〕</a>應現：謂佛﹑菩薩應衆生機緣而現身。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#116" id="141">〔二〕</a>上統傳：指<span class="shuming">釋法上傳</span>。<span class="zhuanming">法上</span>俗姓<span class="zhuanming">劉氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">朝歌</span>人。<span class="zhuanming">魏</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>二代，歷爲統師，故稱「上統」。按：<span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷八<span class="shuming">齊大統合水寺釋法上傳</span>：「且而景行既宣，逸嚮遐被，致有<span class="zhuanming">高句麗國</span>大丞相<span class="zhuanming">王高德</span>，乃深懷正法，崇重大乘，欲播此<span class="zhuanming">釋</span>風，被于海曲。然莫測法教始末緣由﹑西徂東壤年世帝代，故具録事條，遣僧向<span class="zhuanming">鄴</span>，啓所未聞事，叙略云：<span class="zhuanming">釋迦文佛</span>入涅槃來，至今幾年？又於<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>幾年方到<span class="zhuanming">漢</span>地？初到何帝，年號是何？又<span class="zhuanming">齊</span><span class="zhuanming">陳</span>佛法，誰先傳告？從爾至今，歷幾年帝？遠請具注。并問<span class="shuming">十地</span>﹑<span class="shuming">智論</span>等人法所傳。<span class="zhuanming">上</span>答略云：佛以<span class="zhuanming">姬周</span><span class="zhuanming">昭王</span>二十四年甲寅歲生，十九出家，三十成道。當<span class="zhuanming">穆王</span>二十四年癸未之歲，<span class="zhuanming">穆王</span>聞西方有化人出，便即西入而竟不還。以此爲驗，四十九年在世。滅度已來至今<span class="zhuanming">齊代</span><span class="zhuanming">武平</span>七年丙申，凡經一千四百六十五年。<span class="zhuanming">後漢</span><span class="zhuanming">明帝</span><span class="zhuanming">永平</span>十年，經法初來。<span class="zhuanming">魏</span><span class="zhuanming">晋</span>相傳，至今流布。<span class="zhuanming">上</span>廣答緣緒，文極指訂。今略舉梗概，以示所傳。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#117" id="142">〔三〕</a>漢法本内傳：凡五卷，第一卷<span class="shuming">明帝得夢求法品</span>﹑第二卷<span class="shuming">請法師立寺功德品</span>﹑第三卷<span class="shuming">與諸道士比校度脱品</span>﹑第四卷<span class="shuming">明帝大臣等稱揚品</span>﹑第五卷<span class="shuming">廣通流布品</span>。是書完本後世未傳，其文散見於<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷上﹑<span class="shuming">集古今佛道論衡</span>卷一﹑<span class="shuming">破邪論</span>卷上﹑<span class="shuming">法苑珠林</span>卷一八﹑<span class="shuming">續集古今佛<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00006','1726508',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P6</span></i>道論衡</span>等。<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">道宣</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">智昇</span>等認爲是<span class="zhuanming">漢</span><span class="zhuanming">魏</span>時代之作品，然<span class="zhuanming">隋</span>以前之文獻未見著録。從品目及散見之佚文來看，其内容主要記述<span class="zhuanming">後漢</span><span class="zhuanming">明帝</span><span class="zhuanming">永平</span>年間佛教傳入及佛道論衡之事。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#118" id="143">〔四〕</a>周書異記：<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>前佛教徒爲與道教徒争高下而編撰的著作。學術界多認爲出現於<span class="zhuanming">北魏</span>時期：「<span class="zhuanming">元魏</span>佛道之争，自<span class="zhuanming">太武帝</span>以後當極劇烈。所謂<span class="shuming">老子開天經</span>，乃上接<span class="zhuanming">寇謙之</span>謂浮屠爲四十二天（校注者按：<span class="zhuanming">中華書局</span>點校本<span class="shuming">魏書</span><span class="shuming">釋老志</span>校改爲「三十二天」）<span class="zhuanming">延真宫</span>主之説。而佛徒假造<span class="shuming">周書異記</span>及<span class="shuming">漢法本内傳</span>以駁道説，亦當作於<span class="zhuanming">北魏</span>中葉。」（<span class="zhuanming">湯用彤</span><span class="shuming">漢魏兩晋南北朝佛教史</span>）<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">釋</span>門著述中，多有引用。今佚。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#119" id="144">〔五〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">法苑珠林</span>卷一○○<span class="shuming">曆算部第六</span>：「佛是<span class="zhuanming">姬周</span>第五主<span class="zhuanming">昭王</span><span class="zhuanming">瑕</span>即位二十三年癸丑之歲七月十五日，現白象形，降自<span class="zhuanming">兜率</span>，託<span class="zhuanming">浄飯宫</span>，<span class="zhuanming">摩耶</span>受胎。故<span class="zhuanming">後漢</span><span class="shuming">法本内傳</span>云：<span class="zhuanming">明帝</span>問<span class="zhuanming">摩騰法師</span>曰：『佛生日月可知以不？』<span class="zhuanming">騰</span>曰：『佛以癸丑之年七月十五日託陰<span class="zhuanming">摩耶</span>。』即此年也。<span class="zhuanming">昭王</span>二十四年甲寅之歲四月八日，于<span class="zhuanming">嵐毗園</span>内波羅樹下，右脅而誕。故<span class="shuming">普曜經</span>云：普放大光，照三千界。即<span class="shuming">周書異記</span>云：<span class="zhuanming">昭王</span>二十四年甲寅之歲四月八日，江河泉池忽然汎漲，井皆溢出，宫殿人舍山川大地咸悉震動。其夜即有五色光氣，入貫太微，遍於西方，盡作青紅之色。<span class="zhuanming">昭王</span>即問太史<span class="zhuanming">蘇由</span>曰：『是何祥耶？』<span class="zhuanming">蘇由</span>曰：『有大聖人生於西方，故現此瑞。』<span class="zhuanming">昭王</span>曰：『於天下何如？』<span class="zhuanming">蘇由</span>曰：『即時無他，至一千年外聲教被此。』<span class="zhuanming">昭王</span>即遣鐫石記之，埋在南郊天祠前。佛生即當此年。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00007','1726508',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P7</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#120" id="145">〔六〕</a>五運圖：即<span class="shuming">三寶五運圖</span>。按，<span class="shuming">佛祖統紀</span>卷四二：「（<span class="zhuanming">唐</span>）<span class="zhuanming">會昌</span>三年，上欲芟夷<span class="zhuanming">釋氏</span>，詔令兩街述有佛以來興廢之際，有何徵應。<span class="zhuanming">法寶大師</span><span class="zhuanming">玄暢</span>撰<span class="shuming">三寶五運圖</span>以上。」<span class="zhuanming">湯用彤</span>疑與<span class="shuming">歷代帝王録</span>爲一書（見其<span class="shuming">隋唐佛教史稿</span>）。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#121" id="146">〔七〕</a><span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>卷八<span class="zhuanming">道安</span><span class="shuming">二教論</span>：「<span class="shuming">春秋左傳</span>曰：<span class="zhuanming">魯莊公</span>七年歲次甲午四月辛卯夜，恒星不見，星隕如雨。即<span class="zhuanming">周莊王</span>十年也。<span class="shuming">莊王别傳</span>曰：王遂即<span class="shuming">易</span>筮之，云<span class="zhuanming">西域</span>銅色人出世，所以夜明，非<span class="zhuanming">中夏</span>之災也。案佛經：<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>四月八日入胎，二月八日生，亦二月八日成道。生及成佛，皆放光明。而云出世，即成佛年也。<span class="zhuanming">周</span>以十一月爲正，<span class="shuming">春秋</span>四月，即<span class="zhuanming">夏</span>之二月也。依<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>用正與<span class="zhuanming">夏</span>同，<span class="zhuanming">杜預</span>用<span class="zhuanming">晋</span>曆算，辛卯二月五日也。<span class="zhuanming">安</span>共<span class="zhuanming">董奉忠</span>用<span class="zhuanming">魯</span>曆算，即二月七日。用<span class="zhuanming">前周</span>曆算，即二月八日也。又依<span class="shuming">什法師年紀</span>及<span class="shuming">石柱銘</span>，並與<span class="shuming">春秋</span>符同。<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>，<span class="zhuanming">周桓王</span>五年歲次乙丑生，<span class="zhuanming">桓王</span>二十三年歲次癸未出家，<span class="zhuanming">莊王</span>十年歲在甲午成佛，<span class="zhuanming">襄王</span>十五年歲在甲申滅度，至今一千二百五年。」<span class="shuming">法苑珠林</span>卷二九<span class="shuming">感通篇</span><span class="shuming">聖迹部</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">劫比羅伐窣堵國</span>）城東北塔，即此佛遺身處，<span class="zhuanming">無憂王</span>爲建立石柱銘記之，高二丈餘。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#122" id="147">〔八〕</a><span class="zhuanming">費長房</span><span class="shuming">歷代三寶紀</span>卷一：「至第十九主<span class="zhuanming">莊王</span><span class="zhuanming">佗</span>十年，即<span class="shuming">魯春秋</span><span class="zhuanming">莊公</span>七年，夏四月辛卯夜，恒星不見，夜中星隕如雨。案，此即是<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>誕生王宫時也。</span> <span class="font12 xiaozhu">先賢諸德，推佛生年互有遐邇。依<span class="shuming">法顯傳</span>推，佛生時則當<span class="zhuanming">殷</span>世<span class="zhuanming">武乙</span>二十六年甲午，至今<span class="zhuanming">開皇</span>十七年丁巳，便已一千六百八十一年。依沙門<span class="zhuanming">法上</span>答<span class="zhuanming">高句麗國</span>問，則當<span class="zhuanming">前周</span>第五主<span class="zhuanming">昭王</span><span class="zhuanming">瑕</span>二十四年甲寅，至今丁巳，則一千四百八十六年。引<span class="shuming">穆天子别傳</span>爲證，稱<span class="zhuanming">瑕</span>子<span class="zhuanming">滿</span>嗣位，<span class="zhuanming">穆王</span>聞佛生<span class="zhuanming">迦維</span>，遂西遊而不返。依<span class="shuming">像正記</span>，當<span class="zhuanming">前周</span>第十七主<span class="zhuanming">平王</span><span class="zhuanming">宜臼</span>四十<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00008','1726508',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P8</span></i>八年戊午，至今丁巳，則一千三百二十三年。依<span class="zhuanming">後周</span>沙門<span class="zhuanming">釋道安</span>用<span class="shuming">羅什年紀</span>及<span class="shuming">石柱銘</span>推，則當<span class="zhuanming">前周</span>第十八主<span class="zhuanming">桓王</span><span class="zhuanming">林</span>五年乙丑，至今丁巳，則一千二百二十五年。依<span class="zhuanming">趙伯林</span><span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">大同</span>元年於<span class="zhuanming">盧山</span>遇<span class="zhuanming">弘度律師</span>得佛滅度後衆聖點記推，則當<span class="zhuanming">前周</span>第二十九主<span class="zhuanming">貞定王</span><span class="zhuanming">亮</span>二年甲戌，至今丁巳，殆一千六十一年。唯此最近。准三藏教及<span class="shuming">善見律</span>云：佛何以不度女人，爲敬法故。正法千年，以度女人減五百年。制修八敬，還滿千年。然後像法亦一千年，末法萬年。五千年來，學三達智，并得四果。六千年去，學不得道。萬年已後，經典文字，自然滅盡，但現剃頭有袈裟耳。正法之世，大乘味淳。至乎像代，味少淡泊。若入末法，則無大乘。奴婢出家，污染浄行。惡王治世，課税僧尼。今則未然。緣此正像交涉未深，三寶載興，大乘盛布，寧得已接於末法者哉！</span> <span class="font12 zhu">」又卷一一引<span class="zhuanming">道安</span><span class="shuming">二教論</span>（參注七引<span class="shuming">廣弘明集</span>）後云：「<span class="zhuanming">房</span>謂<span class="shuming">易</span>筮云銅色人出世，此即是生。<span class="zhuanming">安</span>以爲成佛，恐少乖謬耳。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#123" id="148">〔九〕</a><span class="shuming">法顯傳</span>：「（<span class="zhuanming">師子國</span>）佛齒常以三月中出之。未出十日，王莊校大象，使一辯説人，著王衣服，騎象上，擊鼓唱言：『菩薩從三阿僧祇劫，苦行不惜身命，以國﹑妻﹑子及挑眼與人，割肉貿鴿，截頭布施，投身餓虎，不恡髓腦，如是種種苦行，爲衆生故。成佛在世四十五年，説法教化，令不安者安，不度者度。衆生緣盡，乃般泥洹。泥洹已來，一千四百九十七年，世間眼滅，衆生長悲。却後十日，佛齒當出至<span class="zhuanming">無畏山精舍</span>。國内道俗欲殖福者，各各平治道路，嚴飾巷陌，辦衆華香供養之具！』如是唱已，王便夾道兩邊，作菩薩五百身已來種種變現，或作<span class="zhuanming">須大拏</span>，或作<span class="zhuanming">睒</span>變，或作象王，或作鹿﹑馬。如是形像，皆彩畫莊校，狀若生人。然後佛齒乃出，中道而行，隨路供養。到<span class="zhuanming">無畏精舍</span>佛堂上，道俗雲集，燒香然燈，種種法<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00009','1726508',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P9</span></i>事，晝夜不息。滿九十日乃還城内精舍。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#124" id="149">〔一○〕</a>衆聖點記：是記載佛陀入滅時間的一種方式，由持<span class="shuming">善見毗婆娑律</span>之師資相傳。<span class="zhuanming">費長房</span><span class="shuming">歷代三寶紀</span>卷一一「善見毗婆娑律」條：「<span class="zhuanming">武帝</span>世，外國沙門<span class="zhuanming">僧伽跋陀羅</span>，<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>言<span class="zhuanming">僧賢</span>，師資相傳云：佛涅槃後，<span class="zhuanming">優波離</span>既結集律藏訖，即於其年七月十五日受自恣竟，以香華供養律藏，便下一點，置律藏前，年年如是。<span class="zhuanming">優波離</span>欲涅槃，持付弟子<span class="zhuanming">陀寫俱</span>。<span class="zhuanming">陀寫俱</span>欲涅槃，付弟子<span class="zhuanming">須俱</span>。<span class="zhuanming">須俱</span>欲涅槃，付弟子<span class="zhuanming">悉伽婆</span>。<span class="zhuanming">悉伽婆</span>欲涅槃，付弟子<span class="zhuanming">目揵連子帝須</span>。<span class="zhuanming">目揵連子帝須</span>欲涅槃，付弟子<span class="zhuanming">旃陀跋闍</span>。如是師師相付，至今三藏法師。三藏法師將律藏至<span class="zhuanming">廣州</span>，臨上舶反還去，以律藏付弟子<span class="zhuanming">僧伽跋陀羅</span>。<span class="zhuanming">羅</span>以<span class="zhuanming">永明</span>六年，共沙門<span class="zhuanming">僧猗</span>於<span class="zhuanming">廣州</span><span class="zhuanming">竹林寺</span>譯出此<span class="shuming">善見毗婆沙</span>。因共安居，以<span class="zhuanming">永明</span>七年庚午歲七月半，夜受自恣竟，如前師法，以香華供養律藏訖，即下一點。當其年，計得九百七十五點。點是一年。<span class="zhuanming">趙伯休</span>，<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">大同</span>元年於<span class="zhuanming">廬山</span>值苦行律師<span class="zhuanming">弘度</span>，得此佛涅槃後衆聖點記年月，訖<span class="zhuanming">齊</span><span class="zhuanming">永明</span>七年。<span class="zhuanming">伯休</span>語<span class="zhuanming">弘度</span>云：『自<span class="zhuanming">永明</span>七年以後，云何不復見點？』<span class="zhuanming">弘度</span>答云：『自此已前，皆是得道聖人手自下點。貧道凡夫，止可奉持頂戴而已，不敢輒點。』<span class="zhuanming">伯休</span>因此舊點，下推至<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">大同</span>九年癸亥歲，合得一千二十八年。<span class="zhuanming">房</span>依<span class="zhuanming">伯休</span>所推，從<span class="zhuanming">大同</span>九年至今<span class="zhuanming">開皇</span>十七年丁巳歲，合得一千八十二年。若然，則是<span class="zhuanming">如來</span>滅度始出千年，去聖尚邇，深可慶歡！願共勵誠，同宣遺法。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#125" id="150">〔一一〕</a>法寶大師：指<span class="zhuanming">釋玄暢</span>。<span class="shuming">宋高僧傳</span>卷一七<span class="shuming">唐京兆福壽寺玄暢傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋玄暢</span>，字<span class="zhuanming">申之</span>，俗姓<span class="zhuanming">陳<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00010','1726508',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P10</span></i>氏</span>，<span class="zhuanming">宣城</span>人也。……撰<span class="shuming">顯正記</span>一十卷﹑<span class="shuming">科六帖名義圖</span>三卷﹑<span class="shuming">三寶五運</span>三卷，雖祖述舊聞，標題新目，義出意表，文濟時須。<span class="zhuanming">乾符</span>中，<span class="zhuanming">懿宗</span>簡自上心，特賜師號曰『法寶』。」「<span class="zhuanming">法寶大師</span>全不取此」者，疑即不爲<span class="shuming">三寶五運圖</span>所採也。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#126" id="151">〔一二〕</a>感通傳：即<span class="zhuanming">釋道宣</span>撰<span class="shuming">道宣律師感通録</span>，參注一八。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#127" id="152">〔一三〕</a><span class="zhuanming">釋法炬</span>譯<span class="shuming">佛説灌佛經</span>：「佛告諸天人民：十方諸佛皆用四月八日夜半時生，十方諸佛皆用四月八日夜半時出家入山學道，十方諸佛皆用四月八日夜半時成佛，十方諸佛皆用四月八日夜半時而般涅槃。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#128" id="153">〔一四〕</a><span class="zhuanming">支謙</span>譯<span class="shuming">佛説太子瑞應本起經</span>卷上：「自夫人懷姙，天爲獻飲食，自然日至，夫人得而享之，不知所從來，不復饗王厨，以爲苦且辛。到四月八日夜明星出時，化從右脅生，墮地即行七步，舉右手住而言：『天上天下，唯我爲尊。三界皆苦，何可樂者？』」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#129" id="154">〔一五〕</a><span class="shuming">薩婆多毗尼毗婆沙</span>卷二<span class="shuming">七種得戒法</span>：「佛以二月八日沸星現時，初成等正覺。亦以二月八日沸星出時生。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#130" id="155">〔一六〕</a>宣：底本誤爲「宜」。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#131" id="156">〔一七〕</a><span class="zhuanming">釋道宣</span>撰<span class="shuming">道宣律師感通録</span>：「又問：此土常傳佛是<span class="zhuanming">殷</span>時﹑<span class="zhuanming">周昭</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">魯莊</span>等，互説不同，如何定指？答曰：皆有所以。弟子<span class="zhuanming">夏桀</span>時生，具見佛之垂化。且佛有三身，法﹑報二身，則非人見，並登地已上。唯有化身，普被三千百億天下，故有百億<span class="zhuanming">釋迦</span>，隨人所感，前後不定，或<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00011','1726508',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P11</span></i>在<span class="zhuanming">殷</span>末，或在<span class="zhuanming">魯莊</span>，俱在大千之中，前後咸傳一化，感見隨機前後，法﹑報常自湛然，不足疑也。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#132" id="157">〔一八〕</a><span class="shuming">中天竺舍衛國祇洹寺圖經</span>卷上：「其院中有頗梨師子，<span class="zhuanming">兜率天王</span>手自作之，形如拳大。至時，口出妙音，如命命鳥，音中説八萬波羅蜜，諸菩薩聞法登位地。每至臘月八日，<span class="zhuanming">舍衛城</span>中士女，各執香華，來聽法音。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#133" id="158">〔一九〕</a>多論：<span class="zhuanming">金陵</span>本作「薩婆多論」，即<span class="shuming">薩婆多毗尼毗婆沙</span>。參注一五。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#134" id="159">〔二○〕</a>參注一四引<span class="zhuanming">支謙</span>譯<span class="shuming">佛説太子瑞應本起經</span>卷上。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#135" id="160">〔二一〕</a><span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>卷七<span class="shuming">慧嚴傳</span>：「<span class="zhuanming">釋慧嚴</span>，姓<span class="zhuanming">范</span>，<span class="zhuanming">豫州</span>人。」「<span class="zhuanming">東海</span><span class="zhuanming">何承天</span>以博物著名，乃問<span class="zhuanming">嚴</span>：佛國將用何曆？<span class="zhuanming">嚴</span>云：<span class="zhuanming">天竺</span>夏至之日，方中無影，所謂天中。於五行土德，色尚黄，數尚五，八寸爲一尺，十兩當此土十二兩，建辰之月爲歲首。及討覈分至，推校薄蝕，顧步光影，其法甚詳。宿度年紀，咸有條例。<span class="zhuanming">承天</span>無所厝難。後<span class="zhuanming">婆利國</span>人來，果同<span class="zhuanming">嚴</span>説。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#136" id="161">〔二二〕</a><span class="shuming">續高僧傳</span>卷四<span class="shuming">唐京師大慈恩寺釋玄奘傳</span>：「彼土十二月三十日，當此方正月十五日，世稱大神變月。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#137" id="162">〔二三〕</a><span class="shuming">一切經音義</span>卷七三<span class="zhuanming">玄應</span>撰<span class="shuming">立世阿毗曇論音義</span>卷一：「毗舍佉，或云鼻奢佉，此譯云别枝，即是氐宿。」</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#138" id="163">〔二四〕</a><span class="shuming">釋氏要覽</span>卷下：「迦提，<span class="zhuanming">梵</span>語具云迦栗提迦，即九月望宿名也。」</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00012','1726508',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P12</span></i> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#139" id="164">〔二五〕</a>按：<span class="shuming">出三藏記集</span>卷四<span class="shuming">新集續撰失譯雜經録</span>著録「<span class="shuming">七月十五日臘法經</span>一卷」，爲「未見經文者」。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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卷上
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138217" key="1138217"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 卷上 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138218" key="1138218"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00001','1726507',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P1</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000014"><b>大宋僧史略卷上<span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">咸平</span>二年重更修理<a class="zhuhao" href="#114" id="113">〔一〕</a></span></b></p><p> <span>一﹑佛降生年代　二﹑僧入震旦</span> </p><p> <span>三﹑經像東傳　四﹑創造伽藍</span> <span class="font12 zhu">浴佛行像附</span> </p><p> <span>五﹑譯經　六﹑譯律</span> </p><p> <span>七﹑譯論　八﹑東夏出家</span> </p><p> <span>九﹑服章法式　十﹑立壇得戒</span> </p><p> <span>十一﹑尼得戒由　十二﹑受齋懺法</span> </p><p> <span>十三﹑禮儀沿革　十四﹑注經</span> </p><p> <span>十五﹑僧講　十六﹑尼講</span> </p><p> <span>十七﹑造疏科經　十八﹑解律</span> </p><p> <span>十九﹑解論　二十﹑都講</span> </p><p> <span>二十一﹑傳禪觀法</span> <span class="font12 zhu">别立禪居附</span> <span>　二十二﹑此土僧游西域</span> </p><p> <i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-L00002','1726507',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P2</span></i> <span>二十三﹑傳密藏</span> <span class="font12 zhu">外學附</span> </p><p> <span>所立僅六十門，止删取集傳，并録所聞，以明佛法東傳以來百事之始也。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#113" id="114">〔一〕</a>修：<span class="zhuanming">松本</span>本作「條」。卷中﹑下同。理：底本誤爲「洛」。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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大宋僧史略
<div class="wlghyzd_wzb_18"><div id="FCdiv1138221" key="1138221"><p class="fl">当前路径： <a href="./platformBookDetails.jspx?id=1726496">大宋僧史略校注</a> &gt; 大宋僧史略 </p><div class="input fr"><div class="in1"><input autocomplete="off" class="input-text fl" id="hightLight" name="hightLight" onblur="if(!value){value=defaultValue;this.style.color='#999'}" onfocus="if(value==defaultValue){value='';this.style.color='#333'}" type="text" value="在文章内检索"/></div><div class="in2"><input class="input_btn" onclick="showHightLight();" type="submit" value=""/></div></div></div><div id="FCdiv1138222" key="1138222"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div><i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-F00001','1726506',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P1</span></i><p class="font20" id="ZSK01022-001-BT0000012"><b>大宋僧史略<span class="font12 zhu">并序</span></b></p><p> <span class="font12 zhu">右街僧録<span class="zhuanming">通慧大師</span><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>奉敕撰</span> </p><p> <span>夫僧本無史，觀<a class="zhuhao" href="#110" id="107">〔一〕</a>乎<span class="shuming">弘明</span>二集，可非記言耶？<span class="shuming">高</span>﹑<span class="shuming">名僧傳</span>，可非記事耶？言事既全，俱爲載筆。原彼<span class="zhuanming">東漢</span>，至于我朝，僅一千年，教法污隆，緇徒出没，富哉事迹，繁矣言詮！藴結藏中，從何攸濟？</span> <span class="font12 zhu"><span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span></span> <span>以<span class="zhuanming">太平興國</span>初，疊奉詔旨，<span class="shuming">高僧傳</span>外，别修僧史<a class="zhuhao" href="#111" id="108">〔二〕</a>。及進<span class="zhuanming">育王</span>塔，乘馹到闕，敕居<span class="zhuanming">東寺</span>，披覽多暇，遂樹立門題，搜求事類，始乎佛生，教法流衍，至于三寶住持，諸務事始，一皆隱括，約成三卷，號<span class="shuming">僧史略</span>焉，蓋取<span class="zhuanming">裴子野</span><span class="shuming">宋略</span><a class="zhuhao" href="#112" id="109">〔三〕</a>爲目。所恨删采不周，表明多昧，不可鴻碩寓目，預懼缺然者爾。</span> </p>【校注】          <p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#107" id="110">〔一〕</a>觀：底本作「覺」，據<span class="zhuanming">淺野</span>本﹑<span class="zhuanming">頒典教社</span>本改。</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#108" id="111">〔二〕</a><span class="zhuanming">行誡</span>按：<span class="shuming">宋僧傳</span>（三十卷）别修僧史者，有<span class="shuming">三教聖賢事迹</span>一百卷及内典集一百五十卷，蓋<i class="pageTag" onclick="viewPic('ZSK01022-001-F00002','1726506',this);" style="cursor:pointer;"> <span class="song">P2</span></i>指之乎？今逸不能見。<span class="zhuanming">贊寧</span>傳可見<span class="shuming">釋門正統</span>（第三）﹑<span class="shuming">佛祖通載</span>（十八）﹑<span class="shuming">稽古略</span>（第三）﹑<span class="shuming">僧傳排韻</span>（二十四青韻）。<span class="shuming">明高僧傳</span>欠之者，作者見聞之狹少可知也！</span> </p><p> <span class="font12 zhu"><a class="zhuhao" href="#109" id="112">〔三〕</a>按：<span class="zhuanming">裴子野</span>，生於<span class="zhuanming">南朝</span><span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">泰始</span>五年（四六九），卒於<span class="zhuanming">梁</span><span class="zhuanming">中大通</span>二年（五三○），仕於<span class="zhuanming">齊</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">梁</span>兩朝，是<span class="zhuanming">南朝</span>著名的史學家﹑文學家。其所撰<span class="shuming">宋略</span>二十卷，<span class="zhuanming">宋</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">元</span>時散佚，佚文散見於<span class="zhuanming">唐</span><span class="zhuanming">杜佑</span><span class="shuming">通典</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">許嵩</span><span class="shuming">建康實録</span>﹑<span class="zhuanming">宋</span><span class="zhuanming">李昉</span>等編<span class="shuming">文苑英華</span>以及<span class="zhuanming">司馬光</span><span class="shuming">資治通鑑</span>等書。</span> </p></div></div></div>
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