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Sartre, Jean-Paul
Santa Ma-ri-a /ˌsæntə məˈriːə/ one of the three ships that sailed to America with Christopher Columbus in 1492. The other two were the Niña and the Pinta.
Santa's 'Grotto an area of a large shop in the UK designed to look like the place where SANTA CLAUS lives, where children can pay to go to see a man dressed as Santa Claus. The children sit on his knee and tell him what presents they want him to bring them at Christmas, and he usually gives them a small present before they leave. → see Feature on page A10
San-ter, Jacques /ˌsɑnˈteɪər, ʒækˈlɜːk/ (1937–) the former Prime Minister of Luxembourg, who became President of the European Commission in 1995. He RESIGNED in 1999, together with all the other members of the Commission, after an independent report into the Commission.
San-ti-a-go /ˌsæntiˈɑːɡəʊ/ the capital and largest city of Chile, in South America, which is the country's industrial and financial centre
Santiago de Com-pos-tel-a /ˌsæntiˌɑːɡəʊ də ˌkɒmpəˈstelə–də kəmpɔː-/ a city in northwest Spain, where the body of St James, one of Jesus Christ's DISCIPLES, is supposed to be buried. It is famous as a place which PILGRIMS (=people making a religious journey) have visited for hundreds of years.
San-to Do-min-go /ˌsæntəʊ doʊˈmɪŋɡə/ the capital city of the Dominican Republic, in the Caribbean Sea
São Pau-lo /ˌsaʊm ˈpaʊləʊ/ the largest city in southeast Brazil, in South America and Brazil's financial and industrial centre
São To-mé and Prin-ci-pe /ˌsaʊn təˌmeɪ ænd ˈprɪnsɪpə/ a small country made up of a group of islands off West Africa in the Gulf of Guinea. Population: 130,000 (2002). Capital: São Tomé.
sap¹ /sæp/ n 1 [U] the watery juice carrying food, chemical products etc, through a plant 2 [C] infml, especially AmE a stupid person likely to be tricked or treated unfairly: Didn't you know I was joking, you sap? 3 [C] AmE a COSH
sap² v -pp- [T] 1 to weaken or destroy, especially during a long time: Her long illness gradually sapped her strength. 2 to hit with a sap (3)
sa-pi-ent /ˈseɪpiənt/ adj lit wise and full of deep knowledge —→ly adv —→ence n [U]
sap-ling /ˈsæplɪŋ/ n a young tree
sap-per /ˈsæpər/ n BrE a soldier whose job is doing digging and building work
sap-phire /ˈsæfaɪər/ n [C;U] a precious stone of a transparent bright blue colour
Sap-pho /ˈsæfəʊ/ (6th century BC) an ancient Greek poet who lived on the island of Lesbos. Her poems are mostly about love and personal feelings, including love between women, and she is especially admired by LESBIANS.
sap-py /ˈsæpi/ adj 1 full of SAP 2 AmE infml silly; foolish
sap-wood /ˈsæpwʊd/ n [U] the younger outer wood in a tree, which is lighter and softer than the HEARTWOOD
sar-a-band, -bande /ˈsærəbænd/ n (a piece of music for) a court dance of the 17th–18th centuries
Sar-a-cen /ˈsærəsən/ n a name for a Muslim in former times, especially the time of the CRUSADES
Sar-a-je-vo /ˌsærəˈjeɪvəʊ/ the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Many battles between Serbs and Bosnian Muslims were fought there in the 1990s during the BOSNIAN WAR, and much of the city was destroyed. During the war, Sarajevo was under SIEGE by the Bosnian Serb army who surrounded it and would not let any people out or any food or goods in. It is also known as the place where the Archduke Franz Ferdinand was murdered in 1914, an event which led to the start of World War I.
Sa-ra Lee /ˌsærə ˈliː/ trademark a type of PROCESSED FOOD made by a US company known especially for its frozen cakes: a Sara Lee chocolate cheesecake
Sa-ran-don, Su-san /səˈrændən, ˈsuːzæn/ (1946–) a US film actress whose films include The Rocky Horror Picture Show (1975) and Thelma and Louise (1991). She is also known for her strong LIBERAL beliefs.
Sa-ran Wrap /səˈræn ræp/ AmE trademark thin transparent plastic used for wrapping food; CLINGFILM BrE
Sa-ra-wak /səˈrɑːwɒk/ one of the states that form the country of Malaysia. Sarawak is on the island of Borneo.
sar-cas-m /ˈsɑːkæzəm||ˈsɑːr-/ n [U] speaking or writing using expressions which clearly mean the opposite to what is felt, especially in order to be unkind or offensive in an amusing way: She was an hour late. 'Good of you to come,' he said with heavy/withering sarcasm. → compare IRONY
sar-cas-tic /sɑːˈkæstɪk||sɑːr-/ adj using or marked by sarcasm —→ally /kli/ adv: 'How kind of you,' she said sarcastically when he let the door slam in her face.
sar-coph-a-gus /sɑːˈkɒfəɡəs||sɑːrˈkɑː-/ n pl. -gi /ɡaɪ/ or -guses a usually decorated stone box for a dead body, as used in ancient times
sar-dine /sɑːˈdiːn ||ˌsɑːr-/ n 1 a young small fish, especially the PILCHARD, cooked fresh or preserved in oil and packed in flat tins 2 like sardines infml packed or crowded very tightly together: The commuters were packed into the train like sardines (in a can).
Sar-din-i-a /sɑːˈdɪniə||sɑːr-/ a large island which is part of Italy, south of Corsica and west of Italy in the Mediterranean Sea
sar-don-ic /sɑːˈdɒnɪk||sɑːrˈdɑː-/ adj seeming to regard oneself as too important to consider a matter, person etc, seriously; full of SCORN: a sardonic smile —→ally /kli/ adv
sarge /sɑːdʒ||sɑːrdʒ/ n infml for SERGEANT: Over here, sarge!
Sar-gent, John Singer /ˈsɑːdʒənt||ˈsɑr-/ (1856–1925) a US artist who lived and worked mainly in London and is known especially for his paintings of rich and important people → see colour photo on page A29
Sargent, Sir Mal-colm /ˈmælkəm/ (1895–1967) a British CONDUCTOR (=someone who directs a group of musicians) known especially for being the conductor in charge of the PROMS from 1957 to 1967. He was very popular with the people who came to these concerts, and he always made an amusing speech at the final concert each summer, the LAST NIGHT OF THE PROMS.
sa-ri, saree /ˈsɑːri/ n a dress consisting of a length of light cloth wrapped gracefully round the body, worn especially by Hindu women: Her sari was made from beautifully coloured material.
sar-in /ˈsærɪn/ n [U] an extremely poisonous gas that kills people by attacking the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, and which can be used as a CHEMICAL WEAPON. It was first made by the Nazis during World War II, but was not used in battle. Some reports say that in 1988, Iraq used sarin against the Kurds, and in 1995 Aum Shinrikyo, a Japanese TERRORIST group, used it in an attack on the Tokyo SUBWAY.
Sark /sɑːk||sɑːrk/ one of the Channel Islands between England and France. It is politically part of the UK, but it also has its own parliament, and it is known for having no cars.
sar-ky /ˈsɑki||ˈsɑːr-/ adj BrE infml for SARCASTIC
sar-nie /ˈsɑːni||ˈsɑːr-/ n BrE infml for SANDWICH
sa-rong /səˈrɒŋ||səˈrɔːŋ, səˈrɑːŋ/ n a loose skirt consisting of a length of cloth wrapped round the waist, as worn by Malayan women and men
Sars, SARS /sɑːz||sɑːrz/ n abbrev. for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; an infectious illness caused by a VIRUS (=small living thing) which makes it difficult for people to breathe and can kill them if it is not treated quickly. A large number of people died from Sars in 2002 and 2003 in South East Asia and Canada.
sar-sa-pa-ril-la /ˌsɑsəpəˈrɪlə, ˌsɑːsəpə-||ˌsæsə-, ˌsɑːrspə-/ n [U] a drink flavoured with SASSAFRAS
sar-to-ri-al /sɑːtɔːriəl||sɑːr-/ adj [A] fml or humor concerning (the making of) men's clothes: a man of great sartorial elegance (=neatly and stylishly dressed) —→ly adv
Sar-tre, Jean-Paul /ˈsɑːtrə||ˈsɑrtrə, ɔ̃ pɔːl||ʒɑːn-/ (1905–80) a French PHILOSOPHER who also wrote novels, plays, and short stories. He was a leading influence in the development of EXISTENTIALISM, and is one of the best-known philosophers of the 20th century. His novels include the TRILOGY (=a series of three books) Les chemins de la liberté (translated as Roads to Freedom). He is also known for his long relationship with the FEMINIST writer Simone de Beauvoir, and for his LEFT WING political views and his support for student protests in France in 1968.