goulash
602
gou·lash /'gu:læʃ||-'lɑ:ʃ, -læʃ/ n [U] a dish originally from
Hungary consisting of meat cooked in liquid with PAPRIKA, a
hot-tasting pepper
Gould, Glenn /gu:ld/ (1932-82) a Canadian PIANIST known
especially for playing piano music by J.S. BACH
Gould, Ste·phen Jay /'sti:vən dʒeɪ/ (1941-2002) a US
scientist who worked in the area of PALEONTOLOGY (=the
study of ancient animals and plants that have been pre-
served in rock). He wrote many books about EVOLUTION, and
was known for his skill in communicating scientific ideas to
ordinary people.
gourd /gʊəd||gɔ:rd, gʊərd/ n 1 a round fruit which has a
hard outer shell and cannot usually be eaten 2 the shell of
this fruit that can be used for drinking from or keeping
things in
gour·mand /'gʊəmænd||'gʊər-/ n a person who is too inter-
ested in eating and drinking -> see also GORMANDIZE
gour·met¹ /'gʊəmeɪ||'gʊər-, gʊər'meɪ/ n a person who
knows a lot about food and drink and is good at choosing
combinations of dishes, good wines etc
gourmet² adj (of food) suitable for a gourmet, of excellent
quality: This restaurant serves gourmet French dishes.
gout /gaʊt/ n a disease which makes especially the toes,
fingers, and knees swell and give pain -> y adj: an irritable
old lord with a gouty leg
CULTURAL NOTE In the past, gout was often thought to be
caused by drinking too much of certain kinds of alcohol,
especially PORT.
gov·ern /'gʌvən||-ərn/ v 1 [I;T] to control and direct the
affairs of (a country, city etc and its people), using political
power: The country was governed by a small élite of military
officers. | In Britain the Queen is the formal head of state, but
it is the prime minister and cabinet who govern. 2 [T] to
control, fix, or guide; DETERMINE: The price of coffee is gov-
erned by the quantity that has been produced. | the rules
governing the use of seat belts 3 [T] (in grammar) (of a word)
to cause another word to be in the (stated form): In German,
prepositions usually govern the accusative or dative cases.
gov·ern·ess /'gʌvənɪs||-ər-/ n (in former times) a female
teacher who lives with a rich family and educates their
children at home
gov·ern·ing /'gʌvənŋ||-ər-/ adj [A] having the power of
ruling or controlling: The governing party doesn't want an
election yet. | The university's governing body (=the group of
people in control) has decided to expand the Computer Centre.
gov·ern·ment /'gʌvəmənt, 'gʌvənmənt||'gʌvərn-/
n 1 [C+sing/pl. v] (often cap.) the group of people who govern
(especially a nation or state): The Government is/are plan-
ning new tax increases. | the Swiss government | changes in
education policy under the last Labour government (=during
the period of their rule) | a military/civilian govern-
ment 2 [U] the form or method of governing: a return to
democratic government | She is in charge of a government
department. 3 [U] the act or process of governing; rule: the
art of government | Government has been entrusted to the
elected politicians. -> see also CENTRAL GOVERNMENT, LOCAL
GOVERNMENT, NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, and see Feature on
page A20 -> al /'gʌvən'mentl||'gʌvərn-/ adj
,government 'bond n a SECURITY produced by a govern-
ment on which the holder receives a fixed rate of interest
until the repayment date
,government 'health ,warning n a notice that, by law,
must be put on certain products to warn people that they
are considered harmful: All cigarette packets now carry a
government health warning.
,government 'stock n [U] savings BONDS or other forms of
GILT-EDGED SECURITY
gov·er·nor /'gʌvənə/ n 1 a person who controls any of
certain types of organization or place. The office of governor
is the highest in American state government: After the mass
riot the prison governor resigned. | He was elected governor of
the state of California. | British colonies were ruled by gover-
nors. -> see Feature on page A20 2 a member of a group or
committee that broadly directs or controls a school, hospi-
tal, or similar organization: The head teacher is appointed by
the school governors. | She was invited to join the board of
governors of the opera house. 3 a part of a machine that
controls how the machine works, especially by limiting it in
some way 4 especially BrE GUVNOR -> see also GUBERNATORIAL
-> ship n [U]
,Governor-'General, governor-general n someone
who represents the King or Queen of Britain in other Com-
monwealth countries which are not REPUBLICS: the Governor-
General of Australia
,Governor of the ,Bank of 'England, the the head of
the Bank of England, who is responsible for important finan-
cial decisions, especially for fixing INTEREST RATES in the UK
Gow·er, David /'gaʊə/ (1957-) a CRICKETER who was one of
the best ever English batsmen (BATSMAN), and who played
for the English national team 117 times. He appears regularly
on television and radio in sports programmes.
gown /gaʊn/ n 1 a woman's dress, especially a long one
worn on formal occasions: She wore a blue silk evening
gown. 2 a long loose usually black outer garment worn for
special ceremonies by judges, teachers, lawyers, and mem-
bers of universities 3 [(often in comb.)] a long loose garment
worn for some special purpose: a surgeon's gown. -> see also
DRESSING GOWN
Go·ya, Fran·cis·co de /'gɔɪə, fræn'sɪskəʊ də/ (1746-1828)
a Spanish artist known especially for his PORTRAITS of
members of the royal families of Spain
GP /dʒi: 'pi:/ n especially BrE abbrev. for general practitioner; a
doctor who is trained in general medicine and who deals with
all ordinary types of illness, rather than one specific type. GPs
treat people in a particular local area, not in a hospital, and
their work is called GENERAL PRACTICE: My GP sent me to a
specialist.
GPA /dʒi: pi: 'eɪ/ n abbrev. for grade point average; the average
of a student's marks over a period of time in the US
education system
GPO, the /dʒi: pi: 'əʊ / abbrev. for 1 the General Post Office;
the former name of the organization that controls mail in the
UK, now called the ROYAL MAIL 2 Government Printing
Office; a US government organization that prints govern-
ment documents, maps, books etc, which it gives to
national libraries and government offices, and sells to the
public at low cost -> compare HMSO
GPS /dʒi: pi: 'es/ n [U] abbrev. for Global Positioning System; a
system that shows someone's or something's exact position
on the Earth by using radio signals from SATELLITES
GQ /dʒi: 'kju:/ trademark a monthly magazine for men pro-
duced in the UK and the US. It includes men's fashions and
articles about successful men, health etc.
grab¹ /græb/ v -bb- [T] 1 to take hold of (a person or thing)
with a sudden rough movement, especially for a bad or
selfish purpose: He grabbed the money and ran off. | They
grabbed her by the arm and forced her into their car. | (fig.)
Don't miss this chance to travel - grab it before the boss
changes her mind. 2 infml to get quickly and perhaps
unfairly: She grabbed the seat near the fire before I could. | I
missed breakfast but I managed to grab a sandwich on the
way here. 3 infml to have an effect on; find favour with: How
does the idea of a holiday in Spain grab you? (=would you
like one?)
grab at sthg./sbdy. phr v [T] to make a sudden attempt to
grab: She grabbed at the fish, but the cat was too fast for her.
grab² n 1 a sudden attempt to take hold of something: The
thief made a grab at my bag but I pushed him away. 2 up
for grabs infml ready for anyone to take or win: They've
decided to change their advertising company, so there's a big
contract up for grabs.
'grab ,bag n AmE for LUCKY DIP
grace¹ /greɪs/ n 1 [U] a fine and attractive quality in
movement or form, especially when this seems effortless
and natural: She danced with marvellous natural
grace. 2 [S;U] willingness to behave in a fair and honourable
way: She had the grace to admit that I was right. | He agreed
to the proposed changes with (a) good/bad grace. (=will-
ingly/unwillingly) 3 [U] a delay allowed as a favour, usually
for the stated period: I'll give you a week's grace, but if the
work is not finished then, I'll write to my lawyers. 4 [U] a
prayer before or after meals, giving thanks to God: Who'll
say grace today? 5 [U] the favour or MERCY (of God): By the