jotting
750
jot·ting /'dʒɒtɪŋ||'dʒɑː-/ n [usually pl.] a short note, usually written quickly: It's not really an article, just a few preparatory jottings.
joule /dʒuːl||dʒuːl, dʒaʊl/ n tech a measure of ENERGY or work
jour·nal /'dʒɜːnəl||-ɜːr-/ n 1 â serious magazine, usually produced by a specialist society: the British Medical Journal | the Journal of the Cricket Society 2 lit a usually daily record of events; DIARY: I kept a journal during my visit to China.
Both journal lit and diary can mean '(a book containing) a record of the events in a person's life' but diary is the more usual word for a record of ordinary daily life. Diary especially BrE / calendar AmE (not journal) is the word for the book in which you write down appointments and things to be done in the future.
jour·nal·ese /ˌdʒɜːnəˈliːz||-ɜːr-/ n [U] derog language considered to be typical of newspapers, especially in being full of too-often-used expressions
jour·nal·ism /'dʒɜːnəlɪzəm||-ɜːr-/ n [U] the profession of writing for newspapers and magazines —istic /ˌdʒɜːnəˈlɪstɪk||-ɜːr-/ adj
jour·nal·ist /'dʒɜːnəlɪst||-ɜːr-/ n a person whose profession is journalism → compare REPORTER
jour·ney¹ /'dʒɜːni||-ɜːr-/ especially BrE || usually trip AmE —n a trip from one place to another, especially by land over quite a long distance: a long train journey across Europe | It was years since I'd made the journey to (=gone to) Scotland. | If you're going on a long car journey, make sure the vehicle's in good condition. | It's three days' journey/a three-day journey from here to Berlin. | Have a safe journey! | They broke (=interrupted) their journey and stayed the night at a hotel. | some books to read on your journey | (lit) to reach one's journey's end (=the end of one's journey) → see TRAVEL (USAGE)
journey² v [I+adv/prep] lit to travel; go on a journey: journeying across Africa on horseback
jour·ney·man /'dʒɜːnimən||-ɜːr-/ n pl. -men /mən/ (usually in comb.) 1 a trained workman who works for another person and is often paid by the day: a journeyman printer 2 an experienced person whose work is fairly (but not very) good: an example of the journeyman work this painter produced in his later years
jour·no /'dʒɜnəʊ||-ɜːr-/ n pl. -nos slang for JOURNALIST
joust /dʒaʊst/ v [I(with)] (in former times) to fight on horseback with LANCES (=long spears), especially as a sport; this was often done in the form of a TOURNAMENT to entertain a king
Jove /dʒəʊv||dʒoʊv/ n 1 another name for the god Jupiter 2 by Jove! BrE old-fash used to express surprise or to emphasize something: By Jove, you're right!
jo·vi·al /'dʒəʊviəl/ adj cheerful; friendly: a jovial greeting/old man —ly adv —ity /ˌdʒəʊviˈælɪti/ n [U]
Jo·vo·vich, Mil·la /'jaʊvəvɪtʃ, 'miːlə/ (1975–) a Ukrainian actress and model whose films include Chaplin, Dazed and Confused, and Resident Evil
jowl /dʒaʊl/ also jowls pl. —n 1 the lower part of the side of the face, especially loose skin and flesh near the lower jaw 2 -jowled /dʒaʊld/ having jowls of the stated kind: a heavy-jowled dog → see also cheek by jowl (CHEEK¹)
joy¹ /dʒɔ/ n 1 [U] great happiness: She was filled with joy at the thought of seeing her daughter again. | They jumped for joy (=were very happy) when they heard the good news. | To his mother's joy, he won first prize. 2 [C] a person or thing that causes joy: (fml) She had remained a staunch friend throughout all the joys and sorrows of life. | (fml) My children are a great joy to me. | (infml) This car is a joy to drive. (=is easy, and therefore pleasing, to drive) | This rose bush is my husband's pride and joy. 3 [U usually in questions and negatives] BrE infml success: I tried to get her on the telephone, but I didn't have any joy. (=I wasn't able to)
joy² v
joy in sthg. phr v [T] lit to be happy because of
Joyce, James /dʒɔɪs/
(1882–1941) an Irish writer of novels. Joyce greatly influenced the way English novels were written, with his use of unusual and invented words, and different styles of writing such as STREAM OF CONSCIOUSNESS (=expressing thoughts and feelings as they pass through the mind). His most famous novels are Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Ulysses, and Finnegan's Wake.
joy·ful /'dʒɔɪfəl/ adj fml full of or causing joy: Imagine the joyful scene when they were reunited with their lost daughter. —ly adv: The bells rang out joyfully. —ness n [U]
joy·less /'dʒɔɪləs/ adj without joy; unhappy: The funeral supper was a joyless affair. —ly adv —ness n [U]
Joy·ner, Flor·ence Grif·fith /'dʒɔɪnəʳ, 'flɔːrəns 'grɪfəθ||'flɔː-/ also FloJo infml (1959–98) a successful runner, who won many prizes and was well-known for appearing on fitness videos, television commercials, and for her long fingernails
Joy of Cooking, The a very popular cookbook in the US, which has instructions on how to cook many standard US and foreign dishes
joy·ous /'dʒɔɪərəs/ adj lit full of or causing joy: a joyous heart/song/occasion —ly adv —ness n [U]
joy·rid·er /'dʒɔraɪdəʳ/ n [C] someone, especially a young person, who steals a car and drives around in it at high speed for pleasure: Dawson's Porsche had been taken by joyriders and wrecked. —joyriding n [U]
joy·stick /'dʒɔɪstɪk/ n an upright handle moved to control the operation of something, especially the movement of an aircraft: the joystick of a video game | a computer joystick
JP /ˌdʒeɪ 'pi/ n [C] abbrev. for a JUSTICE OF THE PEACE; a MAGISTRATE in Britain
JPEG also JPG /'dʒeɪ peg/ n abbrev. for Joint Photographic Experts Group; a type of computer FILE used on the Internet that contains pictures, photographs, or other images: I'll email the photos to you in a JPEG file.
Jr. AmE written abbrev. for JUNIOR; used after the name of a man who has the same name as his father: Alan Parks, Jr.
JR /ˌdʒeɪ 'ɑːr/ J. R. Ewing, a character in the US television programme DALLAS, which was popular in the 1970s and 1980s. JR was in charge of the family's oil business. He was a successful but dishonest businessman who seemed to be interested only in money and power.
J-17 /ˌdʒeɪ sevənˈtin/ trademark a British magazine for TEENAGE girls, formerly called Just Seventeen, which contains pictures and articles about fashion, health, music, boys etc, and answers to readers' questions about personal problems. In the US there is a similar magazine called SEVENTEEN.
Juan Car·los /ˌhwɑːn 'kɑːlɒsl||-'kɑːrlɒs/ (1938–) the King of Spain since 1975, when FRANCO died. He had an important part in helping Spain to become a DEMOCRATIC country after Franco's DICTATORSHIP.
jub·i·lant /'dʒuːbɪlənt/ adj filled with or expressing great joy, especially at a success: The team were jubilant after their victory in the Cup. | jubilant shouts —ly adv
ju·bi·la·tion /ˌdʒuːbɪˈleɪʃən/ n [U] great joy; REJOICING: There was jubilation in the winning team's home town.
ju·bi·lee /'dʒuːbɪliː, ˌdʒuːbɪˈliː/ n (a special occasion marking) the return of the date of some important event → see also DIAMOND JUBILEE, GOLDEN JUBILEE, SILVER JUBILEE
Ju·dah /'dʒuːdə/ in the Old Testament of the Bible, one of Jacob's sons
Ju·da·ism /'dʒuːdeɪɪzəm, 'dʒuːdə||ˈdʒuːdə-, 'dʒuːdi-/ n [U] the religion of the Jews; the religion based on the Old Testament of the Bible, the TALMUD, and the later teachings of the RABBIS. Judaism is the oldest religion with one God, and both Christianity and ISLAM are descended from it. Jews