was sold for an undisclosed sum. | (humor) It cost me the princely sum of £2. (=It only cost me £2.) → see also LUMP SUM 2 [C] especially BrE a simple calculation, by adding, multiplying, dividing etc: learning to do sums at school 3 [the S(of)] the total produced when numbers, amounts etc, are added together: The sum of 6 and 4 is 10. 4 [the S(of)] SUM TOTAL 5 do one's sums to calculate whether one has enough money for something: Well, I've done my sums, and I think I can manage a holiday this year. 6 in sum fml in simple words; in a short phrase: It was, in sum, a complete failure.
## sum² v
sum up phr v -mm- 1 [I;T(sum sthg. ⇔ up)] to give a statement of the main points of (a report, a speech, a trial etc); SUMMARIZE: The last section sums up all the arguments on either side. | So to sum up (=this is a statement of the main points) we've got to pay more attention to profitability and cost control. | At the end of the trial, the judge summed up. → see also SUMMING-UP 2 [T(sum sbdy./sthg. ⇔ up)] to consider and form a judgment of: She summed up the situation at a glance.
Su·ma·tra /su'ma·trə/ the second largest of the islands that form the country of Indonesia. Its largest city is Padang.—Sumatran n, adj
Su•mer /'suːmər/ the southern part of ancient Mesopotamia (modern Iraq), where people called the Sumerians lived from about 3500 BC, in one of the world's earliest societies. One of the cities of Sumer was the city of Ur. The Sumerians developed a type of writing known as CUNEIFORM, and are believed to have invented the wheel.
Su-me-ri-an /su'mərianl-'mər-/ adj of the people, language, art etc of Sumer —Sumerian n
sum·ma cum lau·de /,sʌmə kʌm 'lo:di, -'laudei‖,suma kum 'laudi/ adj, adv AmE the highest HONOURS given to American university or college students when they finish their studies → see also DEGREE (CULTURAL NOTE); compare CUM LAUDE
sum·mar·ize also -ise BrE /'sAmərərz/ v [l;T] to make a short general statement of the main points of (something longer or more detailed): She summarized the aims of the new party in a couple of sentences.
sum·ma·ry¹ /'sʌməri/ n [(of)] a short account giving the main points: Write me a one-page summary of this report. | a news summary
summary² adj fml done at once without attention to formal rules or details, or, in the case of punishments, without considering forgiveness: summary justice —rily /'sʌmərʒli|sʌ'me-/ adv: He was summarily dismissed.
sum·mat /'sʌmət/ pron BrE dial something: Summat's up. (=something is wrong; there is a problem)
sum·ma·tion /səˈmeɪʃən/ n film 1 a summary; SUMMING-UP 2 a total
sum·mer /'sʌmər/ n 1 [C;U] the season between spring and autumn; the part of the year when the sun is hottest and the days are longest: I go on holiday in summer/in high summer (=the warmest time) | a hot summer | last summer | the summer of 1940 | summer dresses 2 [C usually pl.] old use or lit a year of one's age: He looked younger than his 70 summers. → see also INDIAN SUMMER
Summer, Don·na /'dɒnəlˈdɑː-/ (1948-) a US singer of Disco music, popular especially in the 1970s. Her songs include Love to Love You Baby (1976) and I Feel Love (1977).
'Summer Bank 'Holiday, the a public holiday in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, usually on the last Monday in August. In Scotland and the Republic of Ireland, the Summer Bank Holiday is usually on the first Monday in August.
'summer,camp n [C;U] (in the US) a place where children can stay for a short time in tents or huts during the summer holidays and learn outdoor skills such as swimming, boating, and how to make a fire → see Feature on page A22
'summer 'holidays n [P] a holiday taken during the summer. British people usually take their main holiday in the summer, especially in August, and many people go away for one or two weeks, often to a place by the sea, either in Britain or abroad.
sum·mer·house /'sʌməhaʊs|-ər-/ n pl. -houses /,hauzʒz/ a small building in a garden, with seats in the shade
,summer of discon'tent, the the summer of 1989 when there were a lot of STRIKES in Britain at the same time → see also WINTER OF DISCONTENT
'summer 'pudding n [C;U] a TRADITIONAL British sweet dish made from pieces of bread and summer fruits such as berries, which are left to mix together in a bowl before serving, and then turned out in the shape of the bowl
'summer school n [C;U] a course of lessons, talks etc, arranged in addition to the year's work in a university, college, or school after the start of the summer holiday
'summer' solstice, the day, usually around June 22nd, when the Sun is above the TROPIC OF CANCER and as far to the North as possible, so that places in the Northern HEMISPHERE, like Britain, have the longest day of the year and places in the Southern hemisphere have the shortest day of the year → compare EQUINOX, WINTER SOLSTICE
CULTURAL NOTE The summer solstice is not usually celebrated in Britain or the US, but in Britain a few people, especially Druids, do celebrate it by watching the sun rise on that day at STONEHENGE.
sum·mer·time /'sʌmətəɪmɪl-ər-/ n [(the)U] the season of summer; the time of hot weather
sum·mer·y /'sʌməri/ adj of, like, or suitable for summer: girls in light summery dresses
,summing-'up n pl. summings-up a SUMMARY, especially one given by the judge at the end of a trial → see also SUM UP
sum·mit /'sʌmʌt/ n 1 [C(of)] the top of a mountain: The climbers reached the summit of Mount Everest yesterday morning. → compare PEAK 2 [the S(of)] fml the highest point, degree etc: the summit of scientific achievement 3 [C] a meeting between heads of government: the Geneva summit
sum·mon /'sʌmən/ v [T] fɪml 1 to order officially to come: He was summoned to the palace/summoned into the presence of the Queen. | [+obj+to-v] He was summoned to appear before the revolutionary court. 2 to tell or request people to come to an event; CONVENE: to summon a meeting
summon sthg. ⇔ up phr v. [T] to bring (a quality) out of oneself, especially with an effort: She had to summon up all her strength to lift the rock. | Summoning all her strength, she gave one last pull.
sum·mons¹ /'sʌmənz/ n pl. -monses an order to appear in a court of law: They served a summons on him. (=ordered him to appear in court)
summons² v [T usually pass.] to give a summons to; order to appear in court: The witness was summonsed.
su-mo /'su:məʊ/ also ,sumo 'wrestling n [U] a Japanese form of wrestling (WRESTLE), involving special ceremonies as well as entertainment, in which two men try to force each other to the ground or out of a ring marked on the floor. The men (sumo wrestlers) are known for their great size and strength, and the sport is taken very seriously in Japan.
sump /sʌmp/ n 1 BrE || oil pan AmE — a part of an engine that holds the supply of oil 2 the lowest point of a DRAINAGE system where liquids or waste collect
sumptuous /'sʌmptʃuəs/ adj expensive and grand: sumptuous furnishings | a sumptuous banquet ︷ly adv ︷ness n [U]
,sum 'total n [the S(of)] the whole, especially when less than expected or needed: The sum total of her experience is one year working abroad.
sun¹ /sʌn/ n 1 [the] the burning star in the sky around which the Earth moves and from which it receives light and heat → see picture at SOLAR SYSTEM 2 [(the)+S;U] light and heat from the sun: She was sitting in the sun reading a book | day at a watery sun | I've had too much sun; I don't feel very well. 3 [C] any star round which PLANETs may turn 4 under the sun (used for giving force to an expression) at all: She was the last person under the sun I expected to see there. → see also place in the sun (PLACE)
sun² v -nn- [T] to cause (oneself) to sit or lie in sunlight: She was sunning herself in the garden.
Sun. written abbrev. for SUNDAY