Child, Julia
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reports about crimes or bad behaviour: *The police arrested several youths for fighting.* In official names **youth** includes both sexes and does not show disapproval: *a youth club/hostel.* The phrase **young people** is often used to talk generally about anyone between the ages of about 10 and 25. In formal situations you can also talk about **the young. Kid** is informal and is used both for a child: *Let’s take the kids to the park,* and, especially in American English, for young people: *We met a group of college kids.*
**Child, Ju·li·a** /'dʒu:liə/ (1912-2004) a US CHEF (=professional cook) who taught cooking through her popular television programmes and books. Her most famous book was *Mastering the Art of French Cooking* (1961). Her high voice was easily recognized by many Americans.
**'child a,buse** *n* [U] the act of causing deliberate physical harm, either violent or sexual, to a child, or cruelty, or lack of attention which might be harmful to a child: *the current alarming increase in cases of child abuse | a helpline for victims of child abuse* — **-r** *n*
**child·bear·ing** /'tʃaild,beərıŋ/ *n* [U] the process of giving birth to children: *women of childbearing age*
**,child 'benefit** *also* **family allowance** *n* [U] (in Britain) a small sum of money paid weekly by the government to every family for each child
**child·birth** /'tʃaildbɜ:θ||-bɜ:rθ/ *n* [U] the act of giving birth to a child
**child·care** /'tʃaildkeəʳ/ || *also* **day care** *AmE* — *n* [U] the care of young children by people who are paid to do this: *Mothers thinking of returning to work will obviously want to explore the pros and cons of different childcare arrangements. | inadequate childcare provision in Britain*
**child·hood** /'tʃaildhʊd/ *n* [C usually sing.; U] the state or time of being a child: *He had a happy childhood in the country.* $\rightarrow$ see also BOYHOOD, GIRLHOOD, SECOND CHILDHOOD
**,childhood 'sweetheart** *n* someone of the opposite sex and of about the same age as yourself whom you knew and liked very much when you were a child: *The end of the movie was so romantic; he married his childhood sweetheart.*
**child·ish** /'tʃaildıʃ/ *adj* **1** of or for a child: *the little girl’s high childish voice* **2** *derog* unsuitable for an adult; IMMATURE: *a childish remark | childish behaviour | It was very childish of him to lose his temper over something so unimportant.* $\rightarrow$ compare CHILDLIKE — **-ly** *adv* — **-ness** *n* [U]
**child·less** /'tʃaildləs/ *adj* having no children, especially when you would like to have children: *a childless couple* — **-ness** *n* [U]
**child·like** /'tʃaildlaık/ *adj* *often approv* (typical) of a child, especially having a natural lovable quality: *childlike trust* $\rightarrow$ compare CHILDISH
**Child·Line** /'tʃaildlaın/ a British organization that has a telephone HELPLINE which children can call if they are being badly treated or if they cannot discuss their problems with their family
**child-min·der** /'tʃaild,maındəʳ/ || *also* **nanny** or **baby-sitter** *AmE* — *n* someone who is paid to look after other people’s children, usually when both parents are at work and usually in the childminder’s own home. In Britain, the local authority checks to see that the childminder’s home is safe for children, that they are responsible people etc $\rightarrow$ compare BABY-SITTER, NANNY — **-ding** *n* [U]
**'child mo,lester** *n* someone who harms children by touching them in a sexual way, or trying to have sex with them — **child molesting** *n* [U]
**,child 'prodigy** *n* an INFANT PRODIGY
**child·proof** /'tʃaildpru:f/ *also* **'child-re,sistant** *adj* not able to be damaged, opened, worked etc by a child: *a childproof bottle (=a bottle that a child cannot break or open)*
**chil·dren** /'tʃıldrən/ *pl of* CHILD
**Children in 'Need** a British CHARITY organization controlled by the BBC, which organizes special television programmes every year to collect money for children who need help in the UK and in other countries. People often do silly activities to collect money for Children in Need, and the organization is represented by a yellow bear named Pudsey.
**,children of 'Israel** *n* [P] *bibl* the JEWS
**'children’s ,home** *n* a house provided by the state with professional carers to look after children whose parents cannot take care of them because of, for example, illness, imprisonment, death, or the child’s own difficult behaviour
**,child ,sexual a'buse** *n* [U] sexual harm done to children $\rightarrow$ compare CHILD ABUSE
**'child’s play** *n* [U] something very easy to do: *Going on a diet is child's play compared to giving up smoking.*
**'child ,support** *n* [U] *AmE* money that a parent, usually a father, must pay after DIVORCE to support children who live with the other parent: *The court ordered him to pay $500 a month child support.*
**,Child Sup'port ,Agency, the,** *abbrev.* **the CSA** a British government department which deals with CHILD SUPPORT. It can decide, for example, how much money a father should pay to support his children if he no longer lives with them.
**Child·le** /'tʃıli/ a long narrow South American country between the Pacific Ocean and the Andes mountains. Population: 15,665,216 (2003). Capital: Santiago. The driest desert in the world (the Atacama) is in northern Chile. Between 1973 and 1989, Chile had a very strict military government led by General PINOCHET, but in 1989 it became a DEMOCRACY again. $\rightarrow$ see also ALLENDE — **Chilean** *n, adj*
**chili** /'tʃıli/ *n* [C;U] *AmE* for CHILLI
**chill$^1$** /'tʃıl/ *v* **1** [I;T] to become very cold, or to make food or drink very cold, especially by putting it in a REFRIGERATOR: *Champagne should be chilled before serving. | Let the dough chill for at least 4 hours.* **2** [I] **chill out** *infml* to relax completely, instead of being angry, worried, or busy: *Just chill - she'll be here soon. | I'm gonna chill out and watch some TV.* **3** [T] to make a person or place feel very cold: *An Arctic storm is expected to chill most of the west coast. | Come sit by the fire - you must be chilled to the bone! (=very cold)* **4** [T] to frighten someone, especially by seeming very cruel or violent: *News of the girl's murder chilled residents of Heath Valley.*
**chill$^2$** *n* **1** [C] an illness marked by coldness and shaking of the body: *Don’t go out in this weather - you'll catch a chill.* **2** [S] a slightly unpleasant degree of coldness: *There was a chill in the air this morning.* $\rightarrow$ see also CHILLY **3** [S] an unpleasant sensation of coldness, especially from fear or discouragement: *The bad news cast a chill over the meeting. | The thought of finding out about it struck a chill into her heart.* **4** [S] coldness of manner; (a state of) unfriendliness: *Recent events have led to a chill in relations between the two countries.*
**chill$^3$** *adj* *cold; chilly: a chill wind | (fig.) a chill greeting*
**chil·ler** /'tʃıləʳ/ *n infml* a film or book that is purposely made or written to be frightening
**chil·li** *BrE* || *also* **chile, chili** *AmE* /'tʃıli/ *n pl.* **chillies 1** [C] the very hot-tasting seed case of a kind of PEPPER plant **2** [U] *also* **'chilli ,powder** — a hot red powder made from this, used for giving a special taste to food, especially Indian, African, or Mexican food $\rightarrow$ compare PEPPER **3** [U] *also* **chilli con car·ne** /,tʃıli kon 'ka:ni || -ka:rn/ — a dish of meat and beans cooked with this powder
**chil·ling** /'tʃılıŋ/ *adj* very frightening and shocking: *a chilling news report from the battle zone*
**'chill room** *n* [C] **1** a room in a bar, office etc where people go to play games, listen to music, watch television etc so that they can relax **2** a website that contains games, pictures, music etc and is designed for people who want to relax or have fun
**chil·ly** /'tʃıli/ *adj* **1** rather cold; cold enough to be uncomfortable: *It soon became chilly when the fire went out. | I feel chilly without a coat.* **2** unfriendly: *a chilly stare | welcome* **3** causing fear, anxiety, or discouragement: *the chilly facts* — **-iness** *n* [S;U]
**Chil·tern Hun·dreds, the** /,tʃıltən 'hʌndrədz || -tərn-/ [P] the job of representing a particular government area in Buckinghamshire in Britain which no longer exists. Members of Parliament apply for the Chiltern Hundreds when they want to stop working before the next GENERAL ELECTION.