**hoosegow 676**
class, who is often loud and noisy in his way of behaving and enjoying himself, and is regarded by most people as very stupid
**hoose·gow** /'hu:sgau/ *n AmE slang* a prison: *He’ll be up in the hoosegow for years.*
**hoot¹** /hu:t/ *n* **1** [C] the sound an OWL makes **2** [C] the sound made by a car’s or ship’s **horn 3** [C] a shout of disapproval, unpleasant laughter *etc*: *a speech that was greeted with loud hoots/with hoots of derision* **4** [S] *infml* something very amusing: *That play was an absolute hoot.* **5 not care/give a hoot/two hoots** *infml* not to care at all: *He doesn’t care two hoots what people think.*
**hoot²** *v* [I;T(at)] **1** (to cause to) make a hoot: *I could hear an owl hooting. | She hooted at me with her horn/hooted her horn at me.* **2** *infml* to laugh loudly (at), especially to show disrespect or disapproval: *The audience hooted with derision. | They hooted him off the stage. (=made him leave by hooting)*
**hoot·en·an·ny** /'hu:tn-æni/ *n AmE* an informal concert usually of FOLK MUSIC at which anyone can sing or play an instrument: *The Glacier Hotel has a hootenanny every Tuesday night.*
**hoot·er** /'hu:təʳ/ *n* **1** especially *BrE* something that makes a hooting sound, such as a car horn or a horn or whistle that signals the beginning or end of work **2** *BrE slang* the nose. This word is used especially to talk about a large nose with amusement or disrespect.
**Hoo·ver** /'hu:vəʳ/ *n trademark* (a type of) VACUUM CLEANER
**hoover** *v* [I;T] *BrE* to clean with a VACUUM CLEANER
**Hoover, Herbert** (1874–1964) a US politician in the REPUBLICAN PARTY who was the President of the US from 1929 to 1933, during the first years of the GREAT DEPRESSION when many US citizens did not have jobs. His government was often criticized because it did not do enough to help these people.
**Hoover, J. Ed·gar** /ˌdʒeɪ 'edɡəʳ/ (1895–1972) the most important director of the FBI, from 1924 until his death. *Hoover* is remembered as someone with very strong anti-Communist views, and he was criticized for having too much power and for collecting information about people who were not criminals or enemies of the country.
**Hoover Dam, the** a DAM on the COLORADO RIVER on the border between the US states of Arizona and Nevada. It supplies electricity and water to several states, and is one of the tallest dams in the world. It was formerly known as Boulder Dam.
**hooves** /hu:vz, hʊfs/ *pl. of* HOOF
**hop¹** /hɒp║hɑ:p/ *v -pp-* **1 [I] a)** (of people) to jump on one leg **b)** [+*adv/prep*] (of small animals, birds etc) to jump: *The bird hopped onto my finger.* **2 [T]** to cross by hopping **3** [+*adv/prep*] *infml* to get onto/into or off/out of a vehicle: *Hop in and I’ll drive you to the station. | He hopped onto the bus while it was still moving.* **4 [T]** especially *AmE infml* to make a trip, especially a short one or on a plane: *They hopped a plane for Los Angeles. | He’s hopped up to New York for the day.* **5 Hop it!** *BrE slang* Go away! **6 hopping mad** *infml* very angry
**hop²** *n* **1** an act of hopping; a jump **2** *old-fash infml* a dance at which popular music is played **3** *infml* a distance travelled by a plane before landing: *It’s only a short hop from London to Paris.* **4 on the hop** *infml* unprepared; without warning: *I’m afraid your order has caught us on the hop – the goods aren’t available yet.*
**hop³** *n* **1** a tall climbing plant with flowers **2** [usually pl.] the seed-cases of this plant, especially when dried and used for giving taste to beer
**hop, step, and jump** *n* [the] *infml for* TRIPLE JUMP
**hope¹** /həʊp/ *v* [I (for);T;(that)] **1** to wish and expect; want (something) to happen and have some confidence that it will happen: *We’re hoping for a big order from the Middle East. | [+to-v] She hopes to go to university next year. | [+(that)] I hope you’ll come and see us when you’re in London. | We hope and pray that she will recover. | ‘Will he come back?’ ‘I sincerely hope so/not.’ | The hoped-for improvement in trade has still not happened.* **2 hope against hope** to continue to hope when there is little chance of success **3 hope for the best** to trust that things will go well, especially when a rather risky or unsatisfactory arrangement has been made: *You don’t need to make the soup carefully; just mix everything together and hope for the best.*
*USAGE* Compare hope and wish. You hope for things that are possible, but wish for things that you think are impossible or unlikely: *I hope you pass your exam. (=I think it is possible) | I hope you will help me. (=I want you to, and I think you can) | I wish I were 20 years younger. (=but that is impossible) | I wish you would help me. (=I want you to, but it seems unlikely judging by your behaviour so far)* -> see also EXPECT (USAGE)
**hope²** *n* **1** [C;U(of)] the expectation that something will happen as one wishes: *The situation looks bad, but don’t give up hope. | Hopes of (reaching) a peace settlement are now fading. | [+that] Is there any hope that she’ll recover? | We’ve postponed the game until Monday in the hope that (=hoping that) the weather will improve. | The doctors don’t hold out much hope for her. | We’re pinning all our hopes on the new manager. (=all our hopes depend on him/her) | Things look bad but we live in hope. (=we haven’t given up hoping yet) | The one glimmer/ray of hope is the possibility that the government will provide emergency assistance. | Her hopes were dashed (=destroyed) when she failed the exam.* **2** [C] a person or thing that seems likely to bring success: *You’re my last hope. | They’re our only hope.* **3 beyond/past hope** beyond the possibility of a good result -> see also WHITE HOPE **4 hope springs eternal in the human breast** quote a phrase from a work by Alexander Pope, meaning that people will by nature always feel hopeful about things
*USAGE* Compare *I have no wish to go (=I don’t want to go)* and *I have no hope of going (=I want to go but I know I can’t).*
**Hope, Anthony** (1863–1933) a British writer known especially for his adventure novel THE PRISONER OF ZENDA
**Hope, Bob** (1903–2003) a US actor and COMEDIAN, born in the UK, who appeared in many humorous films such as *Road to Singapore* (1940) and *The Paleface* (1948). He was known for his special style of humour, which was based on ONE-LINERS (=very short, clever jokes), and for entertaining soldiers during wartime.
**hope chest** *n AmE for* BOTTOM DRAWER
**hope·ful¹** /'həʊpfəl/ *adj* **1** [(of) people] feeling hope: *hopeful of success | [+(that)] I’m hopeful that he’ll arrive early.* **2** giving cause for hope of success: *hopeful signs of economic recovery* --- **~ness** *n* [U]
**hopeful²** *n* a person who wants to succeed or seems likely to succeed, especially in the performing arts: *The audition was attended by scores of young hopefuls.*
**hope·ful·ly** /'həʊpfəli/ *adv* **1** in a hopeful way: *The little boy looked at her hopefully as she handed out the sweets.* **2** if our hopes succeed: *Hopefully we’ll be there by dinnertime.*
*USAGE* This second meaning of *hopefully* is now very common, especially in speech, but it is thought by some people to be incorrect.
**hope·less** /'həʊpləs/ *adj* **1** showing lack of hope: *hopeless tears* **2** giving no cause for hope: *Our position is hopeless; we’ll never get out alive. | a hopeless case* **3** *infml* very bad or unskilled: *I’m hopeless at maths.* --- **~ly** *adv* --- **~ness** *n* [U]
**Ho·pi** /'həʊpi/ *n* **1 the Hopi** [P] a Native American tribe from Arizona in the US **2** [C] a member of this tribe --- **Hopi** *adj*: *Hopi houses are made of stone, and are built by the women.* -> see Cultural Note at NATIVE AMERICAN
**Hop·kins, Ger·ard Man·ley** /'hɒpkɪnz║'hɑ:p-, 'dʒerɑ:d 'mænlil║dʒə'rɑ:rd-/ (1844–89) a British poet who was also a Catholic priest, and whose poems are mostly about religious ideas and the beauty of nature
**Hopkins, Sir Anthony** (1937–) a British actor, born in Wales, most famous for playing the part of Hannibal Lecter, a man who kills people and then eats them, in the film *The Silence of the Lambs* (1990). He became a US citizen in 2000.
**hop·per** /'hɒpəʳ║'hɑ:p-/ *n* a large FUNNEL through which grain or coal is passed