出版说明	-8
编译者序	-7
著者前言	-5
内容提要、体例及查阅方法	-2
@	1
a or an	1
a-/an-	2
-a	2
a fortiori	3
à la	3
à la carte	4
a posteriori	4
a priori	4
abacus	4
abbreviations	4
abide and abode	6
-ability	6
ablative	6
able and able to	7
-able/-ible	7
abled	8
abolition or abolishment	8
Aboriginal and Aborigine	8
about, about to, and not about to	9
about face or about turn	9
abridgement or abridgment	9
abscissa	9
absent	10
absolute	10
abstract nouns	11
academia, academe and academy	11
accents and diacritics	12
acceptance or acceptation	13
accessory or accessary	13
accidentally or accidently	13
acclaim	13
accommodation, accomodation and accommodations	14
accompanist or accompanyist	14
accusative	14
ACE	14
-acious/-aceous	14
acknowledgement or acknowledgment	14
acro-	15
acronyms	15
active verbs	16
acuity or acuteness	16
acute accents	16
ad or advert	16
AD or A.D.	17
ad hoc, ad-hoc and adhoc	17
ad hominem	18
ad infinitum	18
ad lib, ad-lib or adlib	18
ad personam	18
ad rem	18
adage	18
adaptation or adaption	18
adapter or adaptor	19
addendum	19
addition or additive	19
addresses	19
adherence or adhesion	19
adieu	19
adjacent, adjoining and adjunct	20
adjectives	20
adjoining or adjacent	22
adjuncts	22
administer or administrate	22
admission or admittance	22
adopted or adoptive	23
adventurous or adventuresome	23
adverbs	23
adverse or averse	24
advertisement or advertizement	25
aeon or eon	26
ae/e	26
aerie or eyrie	26
aer(o)-	26
aesthetic or esthetic	27
aetiology or etiology	27
affect or effect	27
affixes	27
afforestation	27
African English	27
Afro-American or African American	27
afterward or afterwards	27
-age	27
aged or age	27
ageing or aging	28
ageist language	28
agenda	28
agent nouns	28
aggravate, aggravation and aggro	28
aggressor or aggresser	29
aging or ageing	29
agree	29
agreement	30
agreement	32
agriculturist or agriculturalist	33
ahold or a hold	34
-aholic	34
aide or aid	34
-aim	35
-ain	35
ain't	35
airplane, aeroplane, airliner and aircraft	36
aitch or haitch	36
aka and alias	36
-al	36
alarm, alarum and alarmed	36
albino	37
alfresco or al fresco	37
algae	37
alias and aka	37
alibi	38
all and all of	38
all right or alright	38
all-around or all-round	38
allegory	38
alleluia or hallelujah	38
alliteration	38
allomorph	39
allusion or illusion	39
allusive or elusive	39
-ally	39
alma mater	39
almost	39
along	39
alongside and alongside of	39
alot	39
alphabetic or alphabetical	40
alphabetical order	40
alphabetism	40
alright or all right	41
also	41
alternative or alternate	41
although or though	42
aluminum or aluminium	42
alumni, alumnae and alma mater	42
a.m., am, A.M., AM or AM	42
ambi-/amphi-	43
ambience or ambiance	43
ambiguity	43
ameba or amoeba, and amebic or amoebic	44
amend or emend	44
America and Americans	44
American English	44
amid, amidst, among or amongst	45
amoeba or ameba, and amoebic or amebic	46
amok or amuck	46
among	46
ampersand	46
amuck or amok	46
an	46
-an	46
-ana	47
anacoluthon	47
anaemic or anemic	47
anaesthetic or anesthetic	47
anagrams	47
analogue or analog	48
analogy	48
analytic or analytical	48
analyze or analyse	48
anaphora and anaphoric	48
-ance/-ence	49
-ancy/-ency	49
and	49
and/or	50
anemic or anaemic	50
anent	50
anesthetic or anaesthetic	50
aneurysm or aneurism	50
angle brackets	50
Anglo- or Anglo	50
annex or annexe	51
annul	51
anoint or annoint	51
anorexic or anorectic	51
-ant/-ent	51
antagonist and protagonist	51
Antarctic(a)	51
ante-/anti-	52
antenna	52
anthrax	52
anthropomorphism	52
anti-	52
anticlimax	52
antipodes or Antipodes	52
antivenin, antivenene, antivenine or antivenom	53
antonyms	53
any and any-	53
aorta	54
Aotearoa	54
apart or aside	54
apeing or aping	54
apexes or apices	54
apoplectic or apoplexic	54
apostrophe	54
apostrophes	55
appall or appal	57
appareled or apparelled	57
appendixes and appendices	57
appointer or appointor	57
apposition	57
appraise, apprise and apprize	58
apropos	58
apt to or likely to	58
aquarium	58
-ar	58
Arabian, Arabic or Arab	59
Arabic loanwords	59
arbor or arbour	59
arced or arcked, and arcing or arcking	59
-arch/-archy	60
archaeology or archeology	60
archaisms	60
archeo- or archaeo-	60
archipelago	60
archives or archive	60
Arctic or arctic	60
aren't I	60
Argentina, Argentine, Argentinean or Argentinian	61
argot	61
arguably	61
argument	61
-arian	61
arise or rise	62
Aristotelian or Aristotelean	62
armfuls or armsful	62
armor or armour	62
aroma	62
-aroo	62
around and round	62
arouse or rouse	62
arrant or errant	63
ars gratia artis	63
artefact or artifact	63
articles	63
artifact or artefact	64
-ary/-ery/-ory	64
as	64
ascendant or ascendent	65
Asian or Asiatic	65
aside (from) or apart (from)	66
aspect	66
assibilation	67
assist	67
assonance	67
assume or presume	67
assurance or insurance	67
asterisk	67
astro-	68
asyndeton	68
at	68
at sign @	69
-ate	69
-athon	69
-ation	70
-ative	70
-ator	70
atrium	70
attend or tend	70
attester or attestor	71
attorney-general	71
au naturel	71
au pair, à deux and a quattr'occhi	71
audi(o)-	71
audiovisual media	71
augur or auger	72
auntie or aunty	72
aura	72
Australian English	73
Australianisms	74
authoritarian or authoritative	74
auto- and auto	74
auxiliary verbs	75
avenge or revenge	75
averse or adverse	75
avocados or avocadoes	75
avail	76
await or wait	76
awake or awaken	76
aware	76
aweing or awing	76
awesome	76
awhile	77
axe or ax	77
axiom	77
axis	77
aye or ay	77
-b/-bb-	78
baby and babe	78
bacillus	78
back-	78
back channels	78
back matter	79
back of, in back of and in back	79
back slash	79
backchannels	79
backformation	79
backshifting	80
backslash	80
back-to-back	80
backward or backwards	80
bacteria and bacterium	80
bad or badly	81
baggage or luggage	81
bail or bale	82
balk or baulk	82
ballot	83
balmy or barmy	83
bandeau	83
banjos or banjoes	83
banquet	83
Bantu	83
bar	83
barbaric, barbarous or barbarian	83
barbarism	84
barbecue or barbeque	84
barrel	84
based on	84
bases	84
basic or basal	85
Basic English	85
basically or basicly	85
bathe or bath	85
bathos	85
bayonet	85
BC or BCE	85
be	86
be-	86
beat or beaten	86
beau ideal	87
beaus or beaux	87
bedevil	87
beet and beetroot	87
beg the question	87
begin (to)	88
behalf of	88
behavior or behaviour	88
behove or behoove	88
Beijing	88
belie	88
benefit	88
Benelux	88
benzine or benzene	88
beseeched or besought	89
beside or besides	89
besought or beseeched	89
bet or betted	89
bête noire	89
better or bettor	89
better or more well-	89
between or among	90
between you and me (or I)	90
beveled or bevelled	90
bi-	90
bias	90
Bible or bible	91
bibliographies	91
bicaps	92
bicentennial or bicentenary	92
biceps and forceps	92
bid, bade or bidden	93
biennial or biannual	93
-bility	93
billet	93
billion	93
bimonthly	94
binary multiples	94
bingeing or binging	94
bite or byte	94
bivouac	94
black or Black	94
Black English	94
blamable or blameable	95
blanch or blench	95
blends	95
blink	95
bloc or block	96
blond or blonde	96
bloody	96
blow, blew, blowed and blown	97
blue	97
blurb	97
BNC	97
boggle	98
-body or -one	98
bogy, bogey or bogie	98
bon vivant or bon viveur	98
bona fides and bona fide	98
bonus	99
bony or boney	99
book titles	99
bored with or bored of	99
born or borne	99
Bosnia Herzegovina	99
bosom or bosoms	99
bossa nova	99
both or both of	100
bourgeois	100
bow or bows	100
BP	100
bracket	100
brackets	100
Brahmin, Brahman and Brahm(a)	101
breach, breech or broach	102
Breathalyzer or breathalyser	102
breech, breach or broach	102
brethren or brothers	102
briar or brier	102
brilliance or brillancy	103
briquet or briquette	103
British English	103
British National Corpus (BNC)	104
broach, breach or breech	104
broadcast or broadcasted	104
broke	105
brooch or broach	105
brother-in-law	105
brothers or brethren	105
Brown corpus	105
brunette or brunet	105
bucketfuls or bucketsful	105
budget	105
buffalo, buffalos or buffaloes	105
buffet	105
bug	106
bugger	107
bullets	107
bunch of	107
bungee, bungy or bungie	108
bureau	108
burgle or burglarize	108
burka, burkha or burqa	108
Burma or Myanmar	108
burned or burnt	108
burqa, burkha or burka	109
burst	109
bus	109
bust and busted	109
but	109
buzz words	109
by, by-, bye- and bye	109
by reference to or with reference to	110
bytes	110
c., ca. or ca	111
-c/-ck-	111
cabala, cabbala, kabala, kabbala or qabbalah	111
cabanossi or kabanossi	111
cabby or cabbie	111
cactus	111
caddy or caddie	111
Caesarean, Caesarian, Cesarean or Cesarian	112
caesura or cesura	112
café, cafe or caffe	112
caftan or kaftan	112
cagey or cagy	112
caldron or cauldron	112
calendar or calender	112
caliber or calibre	113
calico	113
caliper or calliper	113
caliph, calif, khalif or kaliph	113
calisthenics or callisthenics	113
calix and calyx	113
calliper or caliper	113
callisthenics or calisthenics	113
calque	113
Cambodia	113
camomile or chamomile	114
can or may	114
Canadian English	114
canceled or cancelled	115
candelabra	115
candidacy or candidature	115
cannon or canon	115
canoe	115
cantaloupe, cantaloup, cantalope or cantelope	115
Canton	116
canvas or canvass	116
capital or capitol	116
capital letters	117
capital letters	119
capital letters	121
capital punishment	121
capitol or capital	121
cappuccino	121
capsize	121
carat, karat or caret	121
carburetor or carburettor	122
carcass or carcase	122
cardinal or ordinal	122
careen or career	122
cargoes or cargos	122
caroled or carolled	122
case	122
caster, castor or Castor	123
cata-/cat-/cath-	123
catachresis	123
catalogue or catalog	124
catalyze or catalyse	124
cataphoric and cataphora	124
catapult	124
catastrophe	124
catchup, catsup or ketchup	124
catenatives	124
cater for or cater to	125
cater(-)corner, cater(-)cornered, catty-corner or kitty-corner	125
cathode or kathode	125
Catholic or catholic	125
caucus	126
cauldron or caldron	126
caulk, calk or calque	126
caveat emptor	126
caviar or caviare	126
c.c. or cc, CC or C.C.	126
CCAE	127
CD-ROM	127
CE	127
-ce/-cy	127
-ce/-ge	127
-ce/-se	127
-cede/-ceed	128
celebrant and celebrator	128
Celsius or centigrade	128
Celtic or Keltic	129
cement or concrete	129
censor or censure	129
centennial or centenary	129
centi-	129
centigrade or Celsius	130
centre/center on or around	130
ceramic or keramic	130
ceremonial or ceremonious	130
certified or certificated	131
cesarean or caesarian	131
c'est à dire	131
ceteris paribus	131
cf.	131
chacun à son goût	131
chairman	131
chaise longue or chaise lounge	132
chalky or chalkie	132
challenged	132
chamois, chammy or shammy	132
chamomile or camomile	132
chancy or chancey	133
chaperon or chaperone	133
charted or chartered	133
chassis	133
chastise or chastize	133
chateaus or chateaux	133
chauvinism	133
cheap and cheaply	133
check or cheque; checker or chequer	134
chef d'oeuvre	134
chemist, pharmacist or druggist	134
cheque and chequer	134
cherubs or cherubim	134
chevrons	134
chiasmus	134
chicano, Chicano and Chicana	134
chilli, chili, chile or chilly	135
China	135
Chinaman or Chinese	135
chiseled or chiselled	136
chlorophyll or chlorophyl	136
choosy or choosey	136
chord or cord	136
Christian name	136
chrom(o)- and chron(o)-	136
chute, shute or shoot	136
cicada	136
cider or cyder, and cipher or cypher	136
circa	136
circum-	137
circumflex	137
cissy or sissy	137
citation-sequence referencing	137
citrus or citrous	137
civil or civic	137
-ck/-cq	137
clad or clothed	137
clamor or clamour	138
classic or classical	138
clauses	138
clauses	140
clear and clearly	140
cleave	140
cleft sentences	140
clench or clinch	141
cleptomania(c) or kleptomania(c)	141
clerk	141
clew or clue	141
clichés	141
climax	142
cliquey or cliquy	142
closures to letters	143
clothed or clad	143
cloven	143
clue or clew	143
co-	143
clinch or clench	143
cling, clung and clang	143
clipping	143
cocotte or coquette	143
codex	143
coed or co-ed	143
cogito ergo sum	143
coherence or cohesion, coherent or cohesive	144
cohort	145
cole(-)slaw or cold(-)slaw	145
Coliseum or Colosseum	145
collapsible or collapsable	146
colleague and collegial	146
collectable or collectible	146
collective nouns	146
collegial	147
collocations	147
colloquium	148
Colombia or Columbia	148
colon	148
color or colour	148
colo(u)red	148
Colosseum or Coliseum	148
Columbia or Colombia	148
combated or combatted, combating or combatting	149
come and	149
comic or comical	149
comma	149
comma splice	150
commands	150
comme il faut	150
comment or commentate	150
commercialese	151
commitment or committal	151
common or mutual	151
common gender	151
common nouns	151
commonwealth and Commonwealth	151
comparatives	152
compared with or compared to	152
compendium	152
compensable or compensatable	152
competence or competency	152
complacent or complaisant	153
complement or compliment, and complementary or complimentary	153
complementation	153
complex sentences	154
complex words	154
compliment or complement	154
complimentary or complementary	154
complimentary close/closing	154
compline or complin	154
compos mentis	154
composed of or comprised (of)	154
compound sentences	154
compound verbs	154
compounds	155
comprehensible or comprehensive	155
comprise, composed of or comprised of	155
concensus or consensus	156
concerto	156
concessional clause	156
conciseness or concision	156
concomitance or concomitancy	156
concord	156
concrete or cement	156
concrete nouns	156
concurrence or concurrency	156
conditional	156
condominium and condo	156
confederation and confederacy	157
confident or confidant(e)	157
conform to or conform with	157
conjugations	158
conjunctions and conjuncts	158
conjuncts	159
conjurer or conjuror	159
conk or konk	159
connectible or connectable	159
connection or connexion	159
connector or connecter	159
connotation	160
consist of or consist in	161
consistence or consistency	161
consonance or consonancy	161
consonants	161
consortium	161
constitutionist or constitutionalist	161
contact clause	161
contagious or infectious	161
contemporary or contemporaneous	161
contemptible or contemptuous	162
content clause	162
continental, Continental and the Continent	162
continual or continuous, and continually or continuously	162
continuance, continuation or continuity	163
continuum	163
contra-	163
contractable or contractible	163
contractions	164
contralto	165
convener or convenor	165
convergence or convergency	165
conversationalist or conversationist	165
conversion	165
conveyer or conveyor	165
convince or persuade	165
cookie or cooky	165
cooperate or co-operate	165
coopt or co-opt	165
co(-)ordinate, co(-)ordinator and co(-)ordination	165
copular verbs	166
coquette or cocotte	166
cord or chord	166
cornea	166
cornerways or cornerwise	166
coronary, coronal and coronial	166
corporeal or corporal	166
corps, corpse or corpus	166
corpus delicti	167
corralled or corraled, corralling or corraling	167
correspond to or correspond with	167
correspondent or co(-)respondent	167
corrigenda and corrigendum	167
corrupter or corruptor	167
cortex	167
cosh or kosh	167
cosher or kosher	167
cosseted or cossetted	168
cost	168
cotyledon	168
could or might	168
could of	169
councilor or councillor, and counselor or counsellor	169
counseled or counselled	169
count and mass nouns	169
counter-	170
coup de	170
coupe or coupé	170
couple (of)	170
court martial or court-martial, and courts(-)martial or court(-)martials	170
cousins	171
cozy or cosy	171
-cracy	171
cranium	171
crayfish or crawfish	171
credible or creditable	172
credulity or credibility	172
crème de la crème	172
crenellated, crenelated and crenulated	172
creoles	172
crescendo	172
crevasse or crevice	173
cri de coeur	173
crier or cryer	173
crime passionnel	173
criterion and criteria	173
Croatia	174
crochet, crotchet and crotchety	174
crocus	174
cross-	174
crossways or crosswise	174
crudité or crudity	174
crumby or crummy	174
crystallized, crystalized and crystallised	175
-ctic/-xic	175
-ction/-xion	175
cui bono	175
cuisine minceur	175
cul-de-sac	175
cum	176
cum laude	176
cumin or cummin	176
cumquat or kumquat	176
cupfuls or cupsful	176
curb or kerb	176
curly brackets	176
currant or current	176
currency	176
curriculum	176
curriculum vitae	177
curtsy or curtsey	177
CV or c.v.	177
cyber-	177
cyclist	177
cyder or cider, cypher or cipher	177
czar, tzar or tsar	177
Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic	178
da, dal, dalla or Da, Dal, Dalla	179
dais	179
Dame	179
dangling participles	179
danse macabre or dance macabre	180
DARE	180
dare (to)	180
dashes	180
data	181
datable or dateable	182
dates	182
dating systems	183
dative	184
daughter-in-law	184
de, del, della and De, Del, Della	184
de-	184
de facto and de jure	185
de gustibus	185
de jure	185
de profundis	185
de règle and de rigueur	185
de trop	185
Dear	185
debarred or disbarred	185
debit	186
déboutonné	186
debut	186
deca-/deci-	186
decades	186
decessit sine prole	186
decided or decisive	187
decimal comma or decimal point	187
decimate	187
decisive or decided	188
declaim and declamation	188
declarative	188
declension	188
décolleté	188
deductible or deductable	188
deduction	188
defective or deficient	189
defendant or defendent	189
defense or defence	189
deficient or defective	189
definite or definitive	189
definite article	189
definitive or definite	189
deflection or deflexion	190
deforest, disforest or disafforest	190
defuse or diffuse	190
degrees	190
deixis	190
déjà vu	190
dekalitre and dekametre	190
del/Del and della/Della	190
delirium tremens	190
delusion or illusion	191
demagogue or demagog	191
demean	191
demeanor or demeanour	191
demi-	191
demise	191
demonstratives	192
denotation	192
denounce and denunciation	192
dent or dint	192
deontic and epistemic	192
dependence or dependency	192
dependent or dependant	192
dependent clauses	193
deposit	193
deprecate or depreciate	193
derisive or derisory	193
dernier cri	194
derogatory or derogative	194
desalination, desalinization or desalinisation	194
descendant or descendent	194
descriptive or prescriptive	194
desert or dessert	194
déshabillé	195
desideratum	195
despatch or dispatch	195
dessert or desert	195
determinative	195
determiners	195
detract or distract	195
deus ex machina	195
developing countries	195
deviled or devilled	195
devil's advocate	195
devisor or deviser	195
dexterous or dextrous	196
di or Di	196
di-	196
dia-	196
diabolic or diabolical	196
diacritics	196
diad and diadic	196
diaeresis or dieresis	196
dial tone or dialling tone	196
dialect	197
dialectal or dialectical	197
dialed or dialled	198
dialogue or dialog	198
dialyse or dialyze	198
diarchy or dyarchy	198
diarrhea or diarrhoea	198
dicey or dicy	198
dicotyledon	198
dictum	198
didn't use(d) to and used not to	198
dieresis or diaeresis	198
dies irae	198
dietitian or dietician	198
different from, different to, and different than	198
differently abled	199
diffuse or defuse	199
digestible or digestable	200
digital style	200
digitize, digitise, digitalize or digitalise	200
digraph or diphthong	200
dike or dyke	200
dilettante	201
diminuendo	201
diminutives	201
dinner	201
dint or dent	201
diphtheria or diptheria	202
diphthong or digraph	202
derect or directly	202
direct object	202
direct speech	202
dis-	203
disabled and disability	203
disassemble or dissemble	204
disassociate or dissociate	204
disbar or debar	204
disc or disk	204
discernible or discernable	204
discourse markers	204
discreet or discrete	204
discrimination, discriminatory and discriminating	205
discus	205
disemboweled or disembowelled	205
disfranchise or disenfranchise	205
disfunctional or dysfunctional	205
disheveled or dishevelled	205
disinformation or misinformation	205
disingenuous	205
disinterest, and disinterested or uninterested	205
disjuncts	206
disk or disc	206
disoriented or disorientated	206
dispassionate	206
dispatch or despatch	206
dispensable, indispensable and indispensible	206
dispersal or dispersion	206
disposal or disposition	206
dissatisfied or unsatisfied	207
dissemble or disassemble	207
dissimilate or dissimulate	207
dissociate or disassociate	207
distill or distil	207
distinct or distinctive	207
distract or detract	208
distracted, distrait or distraught	208
distrust or mistrust	208
ditransitive	208
ditto	208
dived or dove	208
Djakarta or Jakarta and Djogjakarta or Djokjakarta	209
do	209
docket	209
dodo	209
doggerel or doggrel	209
dogma	209
doily, doiley, doyly or doyley	209
dolce vita	209
dollhouse or doll's house	210
dolor or dolour	210
-dom	210
dominoes or dominos	210
donut or doughnut	210
dopey or dopy	210
dot	210
dot dot dot	210
double comparative	210
double entendre	210
double genitive	211
double modal	211
double negatives	211
double possessive	212
double superlatives	212
doublespeak	212
doubling of final consonant	212
doubtless or undoubtedly	213
doughnut or donut	213
dove or dived	213
down-	213
downtoners	213
downward or downwards	213
doyly, doyley or doiley	213
DR, Dr(.) or dr(.)	213
draconian, Draconian and draconic	213
draft or draught	214
dramaturg, dramaturge or dramaturgist	214
drank or drunk	214
draughtsman or draftsman	214
dreamed or dreamt	214
drier or dryer, and driest or dryest	214
dries or drys	215
drily or dryly	215
drink, drank, drunk and drunken	215
drink driving, drunk driving or drunken driving	215
drivable or driveable	216
driveling or drivelling	216
driving licence, driver's license or driver's licence	216
druggist, pharmacist or chemist	216
drunk or drunken	216
dryer or drier, and dryest or driest	216
drys or dries	216
d.s.p.	216
d.t.'s or DTs	216
due to or owing to	216
dueling or duelling	216
dullness or dulness	216
dummy subject	216
duologue or dialogue	216
Dutch or dutch	216
dwarfs or dwarves	216
dwelt or dwelled	217
dyad, diad or duad	217
dyarchy or diarchy	217
dye and dyeing	217
dyke or dike	217
dynamo	217
dys-	217
dysfunctional or disfunctional, and dysfunction or disfunction	217
e-	219
-e	219
-eable or -able	221
each	221
each other or one another	221
-ean	221
earned or earnt	221
earthen, earthy or earthly	221
east, eastern or easterly	222
eastward or eastwards	222
easy or easily	222
eat	222
-eau and -ieu	222
Ebonics	223
echo	223
eco-	223
economic or economical	223
ecstasy or ecstacy	224
ecu, Ecu or ECU	224
-ed	224
edema or oedema	225
edgeways or edgewise	225
educator, educationist or educationalist	225
-ee	225
-eer	226
eerie or eery	226
effect	226
effective, efficient, efficacious or effectual	226
-efy or -ify	227
e.g., eg or eg.	227
egoist or egotist	227
ei or ie	227
either	227
elder/eldest or older/oldest	227
elector or electer	228
electric, electrical, electronic and electrolytic	228
electrify or electrocute	228
electrolyze or electrolyse	228
electronic documents	228
elegy or eulogy	228
elementary or elemental	229
elfish or elvish	229
elision	229
ellipsis	229
else	230
elusive or allusive	230
elvish, elfish or elfin	230
em-/en-	231
em dash or em rule	231
email, e-mail or E-mail	231
e-mail style	231
embargo	231
embryo	231
emend or amend	231
emergence or emergency	231
emigrant, emigré or expatriate	232
eminent or imminent	232
emoticons	232
emotive or emotional	232
empanelled,empaneled or impaneled	232
emphasizer	232
employee, employe or employé	232
emporium	233
en-/em-	233
en-/in-	233
-en	233
en dash	234
en déshabillé	234
en route and en passant	234
en rule	234
enameled or enamelled; and enameling or enamelling	234
enamo(u)red of, with or by	234
enclose or inclose, and enclosure or inclosure	234
encomium	234
encumbent	234
encyclopedia or encyclopaedia	234
endeavor or endeavour	234
endemic, epidemic and pandemic	235
endmatter	235
endorse or indorse, and endorsement or indorsement	235
endpapers	235
endways or endwise	235
-ene or -ine	235
enervate or energize/energise	235
enfold or infold	235
engineer	235
England	235
English or Englishes	235
English language databases	236
engrained or ingrained	237
enormity or enormousness	237
enough	237
enquire or inquire, and enquiry or inquiry	238
enroll or enrol, and enrollment or enrolment	238
enshrine or inshrine	238
ensure or insure	238
enthrall or enthral	238
entrance or entry	238
entrench or intrench	238
enure or inure	238
envision or envisage	239
eon or aeon	239
-eous or -ious	239
epi-	239
epicene	239
epidemic or endemic	239
epilogue or epilog	239
epistermic modality	239
epithet	239
eponymous or eponymic	240
eponyms	240
equ-/equi-	241
equable or equitable	241
equaled or equalled	241
equilibrium	241
equivalence or equivalency	241
-er	241
-er/-a	241
-er/-ers	242
-er/-or	242
ergative	243
-erie or -ery	244
-eroo	244
errant or arrant	244
erratum	244
-ery	244
escapee or escaper	244
-ese	244
Eskimo, Esquimau and Inuit	244
esophagus or oesophagus	245
especially or specially	245
espresso or expresso	245
esprit de corps	245
Esq.	245
-esque	245
-ess	245
essays	246
essentiality or essentialness	246
esthetic or aesthetic	246
estrogen or oestrogen	246
ea al.	246
et seq.	246
etc.	246
ethnic	247
ethos	248
etiology or aetiology	248
-ette	248
etymology	248
eu-	249
eulogy or elegy	249
euphemisms	249
euphuism	250
Euro-，euro-，euro and Euro	250
Europe	250
evasion or evasiveness	250
even	251
-ever and ever	251
every	251
every other	251
evoke or invoke	251
ex-	252
-ex	252
ex officio	252
ex silentio	252
exactness or exactitude	252
exalt or exult	252
excellence or excellency	253
except that or excepting that	253
exception proves the rule	253
exceptional or exceptionable	253
excitor or exciter	253
exclaim and exclamation	253
exclamation points and exclamation marks	253
exclamations	254
executive summary	254
executor or executer	254
exhaustive or exhausting	254
existence or existance	254
expatriot or expatriate	254
expediency or expedience	255
expiry or expiration	255
explain and explanation	255
expose or exposé	255
expresso or espresso	255
extendible or extendable	255
external, exterior or extraneous	255
extra-/extro-	255
extraneous or external	255
extrovert or extravert, and extroversion or extraversion	255
exult or exalt	255
-ey	255
eyeing or eying	256
Eyetie or Itie	256
eyrie or aerie	256
f/ph	257
faceted	258
facility or faculty	258
facsimile and fax	258
factious, factitious or fractious	258
factitive verb	259
factotum	259
faculty or facility	259
faecal or fecal, faeces or feces	259
faggot, fagot and fag	259
Fahrenheit	259
faint or feint	260
fair or fairly	260
fait accompli	260
faithfully	260
falafel or felafel	260
fallacies	260
false analogy	261
false friends	261
false plurals	261
falsehood, falseness or falsity	261
falsetto	262
farther or further, farthest or furthest	262
fatal or fateful	262
father-in-law	262
fauna	262
faute de mieux	262
faux amis	262
faux pas	262
favor or favour	262
fax or facsimile	262
fay or fey	262
faze or phase	262
fecal or faecal, feces or faeces	262
federal or Federal	263
Federation or federation	263
feint or faint	263
felafel or falafel	263
feldspar or felspar	263
fellowship	263
female,feminime,feminist or feminaze	263
feminine endings	264
feminine gender	264
ferment or foment	264
ferret	264
fervent or fervid	264
fervor or fervour	265
-fest and fest	265
fetal or foetal	265
fetid or foetid	265
fetish	265
fetus or foetus, and fetal or foetal	265
few or a few; several	265
fewer or less	266
fey or fay	267
fez	267
fiasco	267
fiber or fibre	267
fibula	267
fictional or fictitious	267
fidget	267
fiefdom or fief	267
figures of speech	267
filet or fillet	268
Filipino	268
fill in or fill out	268
fillet or filet	268
fin de siècle	268
final or finale	269
fingers and thumbs	269
finished with	269
finite verbs	269
fiord or fjord	270
first or firstly	270
first cousin	270
first name, forename or given name	270
first person	270
First World War	270
fitted or fit	270
Fitz-	271
fix, fixed and fixing to	271
fjord or fiord	271
fl.	272
flack or flak	272
flagrant or fragrant	272
flagrante delicto	272
flair or flare	272
flak or flack	272
flamingos or flamingoes	273
flammable or inflammable	273
flare or flair	273
flat adverbs	273
flat or flatly	273
flatulence or flatulency	273
flatulence or flatulency	273
flaunt or flout	273
flautist or flutist	273
fledgling or fledgeling	273
fleur de lis or fleur de lys	274
flier or flyer	274
floatation or flotation	274
floating hyphens	274
floor and storey	274
flora and fauna	274
floruit	274
flotation or floatation	274
flounder or founder	275
flout or flaunt	275
flu	275
fluky or flukey	275
fluorene or fluorine	275
flush and hang	275
flutist or flautist	275
flyer or flier	275
FM	276
focus	276
foetal or fetal, and foetus or fetus	276
foetid or fetid	276
fogy or fogey	276
folk or folks	276
folk etymology	277
foment or ferment	277
font or fount	277
foolscap	277
foot or feet	277
footnotes	278
footy or footie	278
for	278
for ever or forever	278
for free	278
fora or forums	278
forbade or forbad	278
forbear or forebear	279
force de frappe and force majeure	279
forceful or forcible	279
forceps	279
fore-/for-	279
foreign names	280
forename or first name	280
forestallment or forestalment	280
forever or for ever	280
foreword or forward	280
forgather or foregather	280
forgo or forego	280
forgotten or forgot	280
formal words	280
format	280
former and latter	280
forms of address	281
formula	282
fornix	282
fortuitous or fortunate	282
forum	282
forward or foreword	283
forward slash	283
founder or flounder	283
fount or font	283
four, fourteen and forty	283
four-letter words	283
fractious or factious	283
fragrant or flagrant	283
franchise	283
frangipani or frangipane	283
frantically and franticly	283
-freak	283
-free	284
frenchification	284
frescoes or frescos	284
freshman, fresher and freshette	284
fridge or frig	284
friendly or friendlily	284
frizz or friz	285
frolic	285
front matter	285
fryer or frier	285
fueled or fuelled	285
-ful and -fuls	285
fulcrum	285
fulfill or fulfil	285
full stop, period or stop	285
full verb	286
fullness or fulness	286
-fuls	286
fulsome	286
fun	287
funereal or funerary	287
fungus or fungous	287
funneled or funnelled	287
furbish or refurbish	287
furl or unfurl	287
furor or furore	287
further or farther	288
furthest or farthest	288
fused participle	288
future tense	288
-fy	288
gabardine or gaberdine	289
Gaelic	289
gaff, gaffe and gaffer	289
gage or gauge	289
Gallic	289
Gallicism or gallicism	289
Gallup and gallop	289
galore	290
gamboled or gambolled	290
gamey or gamy	290
gamut	290
ganglion	290
gantlet or gauntlet	290
gaol or jail	290
gaoler, jailer or jailor	290
garrote, garrotte or garotte	290
gas	290
gasoline or gasolene	290
-gate	290
gateaus or gateaux	291
gauge or gage	291
Gaulish, Gaullist and Gallic	291
gauntlet or gantlet	291
gay	292
gelatin or gelatine	292
gender	292
genealogy	292
generalizations	293
genitive	293
genius	293
genome or genom	293
genre	293
genteelism	293
genuflection or genuflexion	294
genus	294
geographic or geographical	294
geographical names	294
geological eras	295
geometric or geometrical	295
german or germane	295
Germany	296
gerrymander or jerrymander	296
gerund and gerundive	296
get, got and gotten	297
gh	298
ghetto	298
gibe, gybe or jibe	298
gigolo	299
gipsy or gypsy	299
given and new	299
given name	299
gladiolus	299
glamor or glamour	299
glue	300
glycerin or glycerine	300
GMT	300
go	300
gobbledygook or gobbledegook	300
God	301
goiter or goitre	301
Gondwanaland	301
gonorrhoea or gonorrhea	301
good and well	301
good day, good morning, good afternoon, good evening and good night	301
goodbye, good-bye or goodby	301
goodwill or good will	301
gossiped or gossipped	301
got, gotten, got to and gotta	302
gourmandise, gourmandize or gormandize	302
gourmet or gourmand	302
government	302
Governor General and governor-general	302
goy	303
graceful or gracious	303
gradable adjective	303
grammar	303
gramophone or phonograph	304
grand prix	304
granny or grannie	304
granter or grantor	304
grapheme	304
grave accent	304
graveled or gravelled	304
gray or grey	304
Great Britain	304
Greek or Grecian	304
Greek plurals	305
grey or gray	305
griffin, griffon or gryphon	305
grill or grille	305
grisly or grizzly	305
groin or groyne	306
grotto	306
ground or grounds	306
groveled or grovelled, and groveling or grovelling	306
grow	306
groyne or groin	306
grueling or gruelling	306
gryphon, griffon or griffin	306
Guangzhou	306
guarantee or guaranty	306
-gue/-g	307
guerrilla or guerilla	307
guesstimate or guestimate	307
gullible or gullable	307
guy and guys	307
gybe, gibe or jibe	307
gymnasium	307
gynecology or gynaecology	308
gypsy or gipsy	308
h	309
habeas corpus and sub poena	309
hácˇek	309
hachure or hatching	309
haem-	309
Hague, The	309
hail or hale	310
hairbrained or harebrained	310
hairdo and do	310
haitch or aitch	310
hale or hail	310
half-	310
half a or a half	311
half-caste	311
half of the	311
half past or half after	311
half-title	311
hallelujah or alleluia	311
hallo	311
halos or haloes	311
hamstrung or hamstringed	312
handfuls or handsful	312
handicap	312
handkerchief	312
hang	312
hangar or hanger	312
hanged or hung	312
hanging hyphen	313
hanging indention	313
hanging participles	313
Hansard	313
Hanukkah or Chanukah	313
hapax legomena	313
harakiri or harikari	313
harbor or harbour	313
hard or hardly	313
harebrained or hairbrained	314
hark back, harken back or hearken back	314
harmonium	314
Harvard system of referencing	314
hash	314
hatching or hachure	314
hauler or haulier	315
haute or haut	315
have	315
he and/or she	316
he or He	317
head	317
head for and head up	317
heading, headline, header and head	318
headings and subheadings	318
headline language	318
headword	319
heap(s) of	319
hearken back	319
heaved or hove	319
heavenward or heavenwards	319
Hebrew	319
hedge words	319
Hegira, hegira or hejira	320
helix	320
hello, hallo and hullo	320
help (to)	320
hem-/haem-	321
hemi-	321
hence	321
hendiadys	321
hepta-	321
heritage or inheritance	321
hero	322
heroine or heroin	322
hesitance, hesitancy and hesitation	322
hetero-	322
heterogeneous or heterogenous	322
heterophones and heteronyms	322
hewn or hewed	322
hexa-	323
hi- and high-	323
hiatus	323
hiccup or hiccough	323
hierarchic or hierarchical	323
hifalutin or highfalutin	324
highlighted or highlit	324
highly or high	324
hijack or highjack	324
Hindi and Hindu	324
hindrance	324
hinging or hingeing	324
hippie or hippy	324
hippopotamus and hippo	324
hippy or hippie	324
hire, rent and lease	324
Hispanic	325
historic or historical	325
hoard or horde	325
hobo	325
hodgepodge or hotchpotch	326
hoi polloi	326
holey or holy	326
holistic or wholistic; holism or wholism	326
Holland and Dutch	326
home in on or hone in on	326
home page or homepage	326
homely, homey, homy or homie	327
homeopath and homoeopath,hom(o)eopathy and hom(o)eopathist	327
homepage or home page	327
homeward or homewards	327
homie	327
hommos or hummus	327
homo-	327
Homo sapiens	328
homoeopath or homoeopathist	328
homogeneous or homogenous	328
homonyms	328
homous or hommos	328
homy, homey or homie	328
honcho	329
hone in on	329
honi soit qui mal y pense	329
honor or honour	329
honorarium	329
honorary or hono(u)rable	329
honorifics	330
honoris causa	330
-hood	330
hoofed or hooved	330
hoofs or hooves	330
hopefully	330
horde or hoard	330
horrible, horrid, horrendous, horrific or horrifying	330
hors d'oeuvre(s)	330
horsy or horsey	331
horticulturist or horticulturalist	331
hosteler or hosteller	331
hotchpot, hotchpotch or hodgepgdge	331
hoummos or hummus	331
hove or heaved	331
however	331
human or humane	332
humanity, humanism or humanitarianism	332
humbug	333
hummus, hommos or hoummos	333
humor or humour	333
humorous, humorist and humoresque	333
humus or humous	333
hung or hanged	333
hurricane, tornado or cyclone	333
hyaena or hyena	333
hydr-/hydro-	333
hydra	334
hydrolyse or hydrolyze	334
hyena or hyaena	334
hype	334
hyper-	334
hyperbole or hyperbola	334
hypercorrection	334
hypercritical or hypocritical	334
hypernym	335
hypertext	335
hyphens	335
hypo-	337
hypocorisms	337
hypocrisy	338
hypoglycemia or hypoglycaemia	338
hyponyms	338
hypotaxis	338
hysteron proteron	338
I	339
-i	340
i before e	340
i/y	340
-ia	340
-ian	341
-iana	341
ibex	341
ibid.	341
-ibility or -ability	341
-ible	341
-ic/-ical	341
-ic/-ics	342
icon or ikon	342
iconify or iconize	342
identical with or identical to	342
identify with	342
ideogram or ideograph	343
idiom	343
idiosyncrasy or idiosyncracy	343
i.e., ie. or ie	343
-ie > -y-	344
-ie/-y	344
-ienne	345
-ier	345
-ies	345
if	345
-ify/-efy	345
ignoramus	346
ignoratio elenchi	346
ikon or icon	346
illegal, illegitimate or illicit	346
illiterate and illiteracy	346
illusion or delusion	346
im-	346
-im	346
image and imagery	347
imaginary or imaginative	347
immigrant	347
imminent or eminent	347
immoral or amoral	347
impact	347
impaired	347
impanel or empanel	347
impassive or impassioned	347
imperative	348
imperfect	348
imperial, imperious or imperative	348
imperial weights and measures	348
imperiled or imperilled	349
imperious or imperative	349
impersonal style	349
impinging or impingeing	349
imply or infer	349
impotence or impotency	350
impractical or impracticable	350
in-/im-	350
-in/-ine	350
in-/un-	350
in back of	351
in camera	351
in case, in case of, and in the case of	351
in flagrante delicto	352
in line or on line	352
in medias res	352
in reference to or with reference to	352
in situ	352
in toto	352
inadvertent and inadvertently	352
inarguable or unarguable, and inarguably or unarguably	352
inchoate and inchoative	352
incidentally or incidently	353
inclose or enclose, and inclosure or enclosure	353
include	353
inclusive language	353
incredible or incredulous	354
incubus	354
incumbent or encumbent	354
indefinite article	354
indefinite pronouns	354
indention, indentation or indenture	354
indents	354
indenture or indention	355
independent and independence	355
index	355
indexing	356
Indian	356
indicative	357
indict or indite	357
indigenous or Indigenous	357
indirect object	357
indirect question	357
indirect speech	357
indiscreet or indiscrete	357
indiscriminate	357
indispensable or indispensible	357
Indo-European	358
Indonesia	358
indorse or endorse	358
indubitably or undoubtedly	358
induce	358
induction	358
industrial or industrious	359
inept or inapt	360
inessential, unessential or nonessential	360
infectious or contagious	360
infer or imply	360
inferable, inferrable, inferrible or inferible	360
inferior than	360
infinitives	360
inflammable or inflammatory	361
inflectional extras	361
inflections	361
inflicted or afflicted	362
infold or enfold	362
informal style	362
information focus	362
informer or informant	363
infusable or infusible	363
-ing	363
ingenuous or ingenious	363
ingrained or engrained	364
inheritance or heritage	364
initialed or intialled	364
initialisms	364
initials	364
in-laws	364
inmesh or enmesh	364
inmost or innermost	364
innuendo	364
inoculate	364
inroad or inroads	365
insanitary or unsanitary	365
inserts	365
inshrine or enshrine	365
insignia	365
insistence, insistance or insistency	365
inst.	365
install or instal, and installment or instalment	365
instantly or instantaneously	365
instill or instil	367
instinctive or instinctual	368
institute or institution	368
instructive or instructional	368
instrumental case	368
insure or ensure	368
insurgence or insurgency	368
intense or intensive	369
intensive or intense	369
inter-	369
inter alia	369
intercaps	369
interdependence or interdependency	369
interjections	369
intermezzo	370
international or intranational	370
international English	370
International System of Units	371
internet or Internet	371
internet addresses	371
interpersonal	371
interpretive or interpretative	371
interregnum	372
interrobang	372
interrogative	372
interrogative words	372
inthrone or enthrone	372
into or in to	372
intra-/intro-	373
intra vires	373
intransitive	373
intrench or entrench	373
introductions	373
introvert or intravert, and introversion or intraversion	373
intwine or entwine	373
intwist or entwist	373
Inuit	374
inure or enure	374
invaluable or valuable	374
inverted pyramid	374
investor or invester	374
invocation or evocation, and invoke or evoke	375
inward or inwards	375
-ion	375
-ious	375
ipse dixit	375
ipso facto	376
Iraq or Irak, and Iraqi or Iraki	376
Ireland and Irish	376
ironic or ironical	376
irony	377
irregardless	377
irregular verbs	377
irrelevance or irrelevancy	379
-is	379
-isation/-ization	379
-ise/-ize	379
Islam, Islamism and Islamic	380
island or isle	380
-ism	380
Israel	381
-ist	381
isthmus	382
-istic/-istical	382
Italian plurals	382
italic(s)	383
-ite	383
Itie, Eyetie or Eytie	384
-itis	384
its or it's	384
-ity	385
-ive	385
-ix	385
-ize/-ise	385
jacketed	387
jail or gaol	387
jailer, jailor or gaoler	387
Jakarta or Djakarta	387
Jap or Japanese	387
jargon	387
jaw's harp, jaws harp or jew's harp	388
je ne sais quoi	388
jelly or jello	388
jemmy or jimmy	388
jerrican, jerrycan or jerry can	388
jerrymander or gerrymander	388
Jew and Jewish	388
jewellery or jewelry, and jeweller or jeweler	388
Jewess	389
jew's harp, jaw's harp or jaws harp	389
jibe, gibe or gybe	389
jihad or jehad	389
jimmy or jemmy	389
jive or jibe	389
job titles	389
Jogjakarta or Jokjakarta	389
jokey or joky	389
Jonathan or Jonathon	389
journalism and journalese	390
judgement or judgment	390
judicious or judicial	391
jujitsu or jujutsu	391
junction or juncture	391
junketing	391
junkie or junky	391
jurist or juror	391
juristic or juristical	391
k/c	393
kab(b)ala, cab(b)ala or qabbalah	393
kabob or kebab	393
Kaffir, Kafir, kaffir or kafir	393
Kampuchea	393
karat or carat	393
kebab, kabob, kebob or kabab	393
keep from	393
kelim or kilim	394
Keltic or Celtic	394
Kelvin	394
kenneled or kennelled	394
keramic or ceramic	394
kerb or curb	394
kerosene or kerosine	394
key or quay	394
kibbutz	394
kibosh or kybosh	394
kiddie or kiddy	394
kidnapped or kidnaped, and kidnapper or kidnaper	394
kilim or kelim	394
kilo	394
kimono or kimona	395
kind and kindly	395
kind of	395
kinesthetic or kinaesthetic, kinesthesia or kinaesthesia	396
knelt or kneeled	396
knick(-)knack, nick(-)nack or nic(-)nac	396
knifed or knived	396
knit or knitted	396
knock up	396
knowledgeable or knowledgable	396
KO	396
kopje or koppie	396
Koran, Quran, Qu'ran or Qoran	396
kosh or cosh	397
kosher or cosher	397
kowtow	397
krona or krone	397
kudos	397
kumquat or cumquat	397
kybosh or kibosh	397
-l/-ll	398
-l-/-ll-	398
labeled or labelled, labeling or labelling	399
labor or labour	399
Labour or Labor	399
lackey or lacquey	399
lacquer or lacker	399
lacuna	399
laden or loaded	399
lady or woman	400
laid or lain	401
lairy, leary or leery	401
laissez faire or laisser faire	401
lama or llama	401
lamina	401
landslide or landslip	401
landward or landwards	401
Langscape survey	401
language academy	401
language databases	402
lanolin or lanoline	402
large and largely	402
large-scale	402
largesse or largess	402
larva	402
larynx	402
lasso	402
last or lastly	403
last or latest	403
late	403
lateish or latish	403
latex	403
Latin abbreviations	403
Latin America	404
Latin plurals	404
latish or lateish	404
latinization	404
Latino and Hispanic	405
latter	405
latterly and lately	405
laudable or laudatory	405
laudanum	405
laudatory or laudable	405
laundromat or laundermat, launderette or laundrette	405
Laurasia and "Laurasian English"	406
lawful or legal	406
lawyer, attorney, barrister, counsel, solicitor or notary public	406
lay	406
lay of the land	406
lay-by	406
-le	407
lead or led	407
leaders	407
leading question	407
leaf or page	408
leafed or leaved	408
leaflet	408
leaned or leant	408
leaped or leapt	408
learned or learnt	408
leary, leery or lairy	408
lease, rent or hire	408
leastways or leastwise	408
Lebanon, the	408
leery, leary or lairy	408
LeetSpeak or l33tsp34k	409
Left and leftist	409
legal, legalistic, legitimate or lawful	409
leitmotif, leitmotiv or leitmotive	409
lemma	410
lend or loan	410
lengthways or lengthwise	410
leniency or lenience	410
less or lesser	410
-less	411
let us or let's	412
lest	412
letters as words	412
leukemia or leukaemia	413
leveled or levelled	413
levy and levee	413
liable, likely and apt (to)	413
libeled or libelled	413
libelous or libellous	413
liberality, liberalism or Liberalism	414
license or licence	414
licenser or licensor	414
licorice or liquorice	414
lie or lay	414
libertine or libertarian	414
libretto	414
lie of the land or lay of the land	415
ligatures	415
light verb	415
lighted or lit	415
lightning or lightening	416
likable or likeable	416
like	416
-like	417
likeable or likable	417
likelihood or likeliness	418
like(s)	418
likewise	418
limy or limey	418
linage or lineage	418
line	418
line breaks	418
liney or liny	418
lingua franca	418
linking verbs	419
liquefy or liquify	419
liqueur or liquor	419
liquidate or liquidize	419
liquify or liquefy	419
liquorice or licorice	419
lists	419
lit or lighted	420
lite	420
literally	420
litotes	421
litre or liter	421
litterateurs or literati	421
llama or lama	421
Lo or lo	421
loaded or laden	421
loafed or loaved	421
loan or lend	421
loanwords	421
loath or loth	422
lobbyist or lobbyer	422
local genitive	422
locative	422
loc.cit.	422
locum tenens	422
locus	422
lodgement or lodgment	422
logistic or logistical	422
-logy	423
lollipop or lollypop	423
longways or longwise	423
look	423
loony or loonie	423
loose, loosen or lose	423
lose out	423
loth or loath	424
lots and a lot	424
lotus	424
loud or loudly	424
loudhailer or loudhaler	425
lounge	425
lour or lower	425
louvre or louver	425
lovable or loveable	425
Low Countries	425
lower or lour	425
lower case	425
luck in, into, on, upon or out	425
lucre	426
luge, sled or toboggan	426
lunch or luncheon	426
lunging or lungeing	426
lustre or luster	426
lusty or lustful	426
luxuriant or luxurious	426
lyric or lyrical	427
lyricist or lyrist	427
-lyse/-lyze	427
-m/-mm-	428
Mac or Mc	428
macaroni or maccaroni	429
macro-	429
mad	429
madam, madame, ma'am and mam	430
mafia, Mafia or Maffia	430
magic or magical	431
magistracy or magistrature	431
magma	431
magnitude	431
magnum opus	431
maharajah or maharaja	431
Mahomet	432
maiden name	432
main clause	432
main verb	432
maintain and maintenance	432
Majorca or Mallorca	432
majority	432
majuscule	433
mal- and male-	433
Malaya, Malaysia and Malay	433
malevolent, malicious, malignant or malign	433
malignancy or malignance	433
Mallorca or Majorca	433
man, man- and -man	433
manakin	435
Mandarin, mandarin or mandarine	435
mandatory, mandatary, and mandative	435
manège or ménage	435
maneuver or manoeuvre	435
mango	435
-mania	435
manifesto	436
manikin	436
manila or manilla	436
Manila or Manilla	436
mannequin, mannikin, manikin or manakin	436
manoeuvre, manoeuver or maneuver	436
mantle or mantel	436
Maori	437
marijuana or marihuana	437
marshal, marshall and Marshall	437
marveled or marvelled, and marveling or marvelling	437
marvelous or marvellous	437
masculine gender	437
mass nouns	437
masterful or masterly	437
matey or maty	438
Mathew or Matthew	438
maths or math	438
matrix	438
matte, matt or mat	438
Matthew or Mathew	438
maty or matey	438
maunder or meander	438
mausoleum	439
maxi-	439
maxim	439
maxima cum laude	439
maximum	439
may or might	439
May Day or mayday	440
maybe or may be	440
Mb, MB, mb or mbyte	440
me	440
mea culpa	441
meagre or meager	441
meander or maunder	441
meaningful	441
means	441
measles	441
medalist or medallist	441
media and medium	442
medieval or mediaeval	442
medio-passive	442
mediocre	442
medium	443
meet (up) (with)	443
mega-, megalo- and mega	443
megabyte	444
meiosis	444
Melanesia	444
melodious or melodic	444
melted or molten	444
membranous, membraneous or membranaceous	444
memento or momento	444
memento mori	445
ménage or manège	445
mendacity or mendicity	445
Menorca or Minorca	445
-ment	445
merchandise or merchandize	446
merino	446
meronymy	446
Mesdames	446
Messrs(.)	446
mestizo	446
meta-	446
metadata	446
metal or mettle	446
metallic and metallurgy, metal(l)ed, metal(l)ize and metallise	446
metaphors and similes	447
meteor, meteoroid or meteorite	447
meter or metre	447
Metis and metis	447
metonymy and meronymy	448
metre or meter	448
-metre or -meter	448
metres square or square metres	448
metric or metrical	448
metrication and the metric system	448
metro and Metro	450
metropolis	450
mews	450
miasma	450
micro-	450
Micronesia	450
mid-Atlantic and mid-Atlantic English	450
mid-caps	451
middle voice	451
might or could	451
might or may	451
mighty	451
migrant or immigrant	451
mileage or milage	451
milieu	451
militate or mitigate	451
millenarian, millenary and millen(n)ium	452
millepede or millipede	452
milli-	452
milliard	452
millipede or millepede	452
mimic	452
mini-	452
miniature	452
minimal or minimum	453
minimize or minify	453
miniscule or minuscule	453
Minorca or Menorca	453
minority	453
minus	454
minuscule or miniscule	454
mis-	454
miscegenation	455
miscellanea and miscellaneous	455
mischievous or mischievious	455
misdemeanor or misdemeanour	456
misinformation or disinformation	456
Miss, Mrs(.) or Ms(.)	456
misspelled or misspelt	456
mistakable or mistakeable	456
mistrust or distrust	456
mitigate or militate	456
mitre or miter	456
mixed metaphors	456
moccasin or mocassin	456
modality and modal verbs	456
modeled or modelled, modeling or modelling	458
modifiers	458
modus	458
Mohammed	458
Mohave or Mojave	458
mold or mould	458
mollusk or mollusc	458
molt or moult	458
molten or melted	458
momentary or momentous, and momentarily	458
momento	459
monarchal, monarchial, monarchic or monarchical	459
monetize or monetarize	459
money, moneys or monies, and moneyed or monied	459
-monger	459
mongoose	460
mono-	460
monogram or monograph	460
monologue or soliloquy	460
monotransitive	460
mood	460
moonlit or moonlighted	460
mopey or mopy	461
mora	461
moral, morals, morality and morale	461
moratoriums or moratoria	461
more than one	461
morphemes	461
morphine, morphia, laudanum, heroin and opium	461
morphology and morphemes	462
mortgagor or mortgager, and mortgagee	462
mortise or mortice	462
Moslem	462
mosquitos or mosquitoes	462
most or mostly	462
-most	463
mot juste	463
mother-in-law	463
motif or motive	463
mottos or mottoes	463
mould or mold	463
moult or molt	463
mouse	464
moustache, mustache or mustachio	464
mousy or mousey	464
mouthful	464
movable or moveable	464
mowed or mown	464
Mr(.)	464
Mrs(.), Miss and Ms(.)	465
MS(.) and ms(.)	465
muchly	465
mucus or mucous	465
Muhammad, Mohammed or Mahomet	465
mulatto	465
multi-	465
multicultural	466
multiple punctuation	466
multiplier symbol, point, period or dot	466
multiplier symbol	466
multiplier point	466
multiplier period	466
multiplier dot	466
mumps	466
Muslim or Moslem	466
must	466
mustache, mustachio or moustache	466
mutatis mutandis	466
mutual	467
Myanmar	467
myriad and myriads	467
myself	467
mystic or mystical	467
mythological, mythic and mythical	467
-n/-nn-	468
naive, naïve and naïf	468
naivety or naïveté	468
name--year system	468
named after or named for	468
names	469
Nanking or Nanjing	471
narcissus	471
narrative	471
naturalist or naturist	471
naught or nought	471
nauseating, nauseous and nauseated	471
Navajo or Navaho	472
NB	472
-nce/-ncy	472
né	473
ne plus ultra	473
Neanderthal or Neandertal	473
nebula	473
necessities or necessaries	473
née and né	473
need	474
negative concord	474
negatives	474
negligible or negligent	475
negress or Negress	475
Negro or negro	475
neighbor or neighbour	475
neither	475
nem. con.	477
neo-	477
nerve-racking or nerve-wracking	477
-ness	477
net or nett	478
Netherlands	478
nett or net	478
neuralgia, neuritis or neurosis	478
neuter	478
New Englishes	479
New Guinea	479
New Zealand	479
New Zealand English	479
newspapers and news reporting	479
next or this	479
nexus or nexuses	480
NGO or quango	480
nice	480
nickel or nickle	480
nicknack or knickknack	480
nigger, Nigger or Nigga	481
nil	481
nil desperandum	481
nil nisi bonum	481
nite	481
nitroglycerin or nitroglycerine	482
no	482
No(.)/no(.)	482
no one and no-one	482
noblesse oblige	482
nobody, no one, no-one and none	482
nom de plume or nom de guerre	483
nominal	483
nominative	483
-nomy and -nymy	483
non-	483
non compos mentis	484
non sequitur	484
nonce word	484
nondiscriminatory language	485
none	485
nonessential, inessential and unessential	485
nonfinite clause	485
nonfinite verbs	485
nonplussed or nonplused	485
nonrestrictive	485
nonsense	485
nonsexist language	485
nonstandard	486
non-U	486
nor or or	486
normalcy or normality	487
north, northern and northerly	487
nosey or nosy	487
nostrums	487
nosy or nosey	487
not and n't	487
not about to	488
not only. . . but (also)	488
not un-/in-	488
notary public	489
nothing (to do with)	489
notional agreement	489
notorious and notoriety	489
nought or naught	489
noun clause	489
noun phrase	490
nouns	490
nouveau riche	490
nouvelle cuisine	491
nova	491
nucleus	491
nudist or naturist	491
null hypothesis	491
number	491
number of	491
number prefixes	492
numbers and number style	492
-nymy or -nomy	493
O or Oh	494
-o	494
-o-	495
oasis	495
obiit sine prole	495
obiter dictum and obiter dicta	495
object	495
objective case	496
objective genitive	496
objet d'art	496
obliged to or obligated to	496
oblique line or stroke	497
oblivious to or oblivious of	497
observance or observation	497
obsessed	497
obstetric or obstetrical	498
obverse or reverse	498
occupant or occupier	498
ochre or ocher	498
o'clock	498
octa or okta	498
octa- or octo-	498
octopus	498
octoroon or octaroon	499
oculist	499
OD and KO	499
-odd and odd	499
odious, odorous, odiferous and odoriferous	499
odor or odour	499
oe/e	499
oedema or edema	500
oenology or enology	500
oesophagus or esophagus	500
oestrogen or estrogen	500
of and 've	500
off and off of	501
offense or offence	502
official or officious	502
officialese	502
officious or official	502
offspring	502
oftener or more often	502
ogre and ogreish	502
Oh or O	502
-oid	502
OK or okay	502
okta or octa	503
older or elder, and oldest or eldest	503
olla podrida	503
-ology	503
Olympian, Olympic and Olympiad	503
ombudsman, ombud, ombudsperson	503
omelet or omelette	503
omission mark	504
omitted relative	504
omnibus	504
on/in	504
-on	504
one	504
-one or -body	505
one in, one out of, and one of those	505
on-line, online or on line	505
only	506
onomatopoeia	506
onto or on to	506
onward or onwards	507
-onymy or -onomy	507
opacity or opaqueness	507
op.cit.	507
opera and operetta	507
operator or operative	508
ophthalmic or opthalmic; ophthalmologist or opthalmologist	508
opium	508
opportunity to, opportunity of or opportunity for	508
opposite of, opposite to or opposite from	508
opthalmic or ophthalmic	509
optician, optometrist, oculist or ophthalmologist	509
optimum or optimal	509
optometrist, oculist or ophthalmologist	509
opus	509
or	509
-or/-our	510
oratio	511
orbited	511
ordain and ordinance	511
ordered	511
ordinance or ordnance	511
ordinary or ordinal, and cardinal	511
organdie, organdy or organza	512
orient or orientate	512
orphans	512
ortho-	512
orthopedic or orthopaedic	512
-ose	512
o.s.p.	512
ostensible, ostensive or ostentatious	512
other than and otherwise	512
other's or other's	513
otherwise	513
ought	513
-ous	514
out of and out	514
outdoor, outdoors and out-of-door	514
outside of and outside	514
outward or outwards	515
over-	515
overawing or overaweing	515
overflowed or overflown	515
overlay or overlie	515
overlook, oversee and oversight	516
overly	516
overstatement	516
overtone or undertone	516
ovum	516
owing to or due to	516
oxidation and oxidization	517
oxymoron	517
Oz	517
-p/-pp-	518
p.	518
pace	518
pacifist or pacificist	518
paederast	518
paediatrician and paediatrics	518
paedophile and paedophilia	518
page, homepage and webpage	518
paid or payed	519
pajamas or pyjamas	519
Pakistan	519
palate or pallet	519
paleo-/palaeo-	519
palette, pallette, pallet or palate	519
palindrome	519
pallette, pallet, palette or palate	520
pan-	520
pandemic, epidemic or endemic	520
pandit or pundit	520
paneled or panelled, and paneling or panelling	520
panic	520
paparazzi	520
papaya, papaw or pawpaw	520
Papua New Guinea	520
papyrus	521
para-	521
parable	521
paradigm	521
paradise	522
paragraphs	522
parakeet or parrakeet	523
parallel	523
parallel constructions	523
paralyze or paralyse	523
paranoid, paranoiac and paranoic	523
paraphernalia	524
paraphrase	524
parasitic or parasitical	524
parataxis	524
parcel	524
parentheses	524
parenthesis	524
parenthetical or parenthetic	524
parlay or parley	525
parliament	525
parlor or parlour	525
parody	525
paronomasia	525
parrakeet or parakeet	525
parricide or patricide	525
pars pro toto	525
part or parting	525
part of	525
participles	526
particles	526
partly or partially	526
partner	526
parts of speech	527
parvenu or parvenue	527
passed or past	527
passim	528
passive verbs	528
past or passed	528
past tense	528
pasta, paste, pastry, pasty, pâté or patty	529
patella	529
pathos	529
patricide or parricide	529
patronymic	529
patty, pâté, pasty or pasta	529
paver, paviour or pavior	529
pawpaw, papaw or papaya	529
payed or paid	530
PC, p.c., pc or pc.	530
peaceable or peaceful	530
peak, peek or pique	530
peccadillo	530
peccavi	530
pedagogue or pedagog	530
pedaled, pedalled or peddled	530
pederast or paederast	530
pediatrician or paediatrician, and p(a)ediatrics	531
pedlar, peddler or pedal(l)er	531
pedophile or paedophile, and p(a)edophilia	531
peek, peak or pique	531
pejorative	531
Peking or Beijing	531
penciled or pencilled	531
peninsula or peninsular	531
penumbra	531
per	532
per-	532
per procurationem and p.p.	532
percent, per cent and %	532
percentage	533
perceptibly or perceptively	533
perfect aspect	533
perfectible or perfectable	533
perhaps or maybe	533
peri-	533
period	533
periodic or periodical	533
perjurer or perjuror	534
perma-	534
permanence or permanency	534
permissive or permissible	534
pernickety or persnickety	534
perpetual calendar	534
perquisite or prerequisite	534
persistence or persistency	534
persnickety or pernickety	534
person	534
-person	535
persona	535
persona non grata	535
personal or personnel	536
personal pronouns	536
personification	536
anthropomorphism	536
personnel or personal	536
persuade or convince	536
persuasion	536
pertinence or pertinency	537
perverse or perverted	537
petaled or petalled	537
petitio principii	537
petrol or petroleum	537
ph or f	537
phalanx	537
phallus	538
pharmacist, druggist or chemist	538
phase or faze	538
PhD, Ph.D or Ph.D.	539
phenomenon and phenomena	539
phil- or -phile	540
Philip or Phillip	540
Philippines	540
Phillip or Philip	540
philtre or philter	540
-phobia and phobia	540
phonesthemes	541
phoney or phony	541
phonograph and gramophone	541
phony or phoney	541
phosphorus or phosphorous	542
phrasal/prepositional verbs	542
phrases	542
pica	543
picket	543
picnic	543
pidgins and creoles	543
pièce de résistance	543
pied à terre	544
pigmy or pygmy	544
pimento or pimiento	544
pinky, pinkie and pinko	544
pique, peek or peak	544
pis aller	544
piscina	544
pistol or pistil	544
pitiful, pitiable or piteous	544
pixil(l)ated or pixelated	544
placenames	545
placenta	545
plagiarism	545
plain or plane	545
Plain English and plain language	545
plaintiff and plaintive	546
plane or plain	546
planetarium	546
plateau	546
platefuls or platesful	547
playwright, playwrighting and playwriting	547
pleaded or pled	547
plein air	547
plentiful or plenteous	547
plenty	547
pleonasm	547
plethora	548
plough or plow	548
plummet	549
pluperfect	549
pluralia tantum	549
plurals	549
plus	550
p.m. or pm	551
pocketfuls or pocketsful	551
podium	551
poetic or poetical	551
point	551
poky or pokey	551
polarity	552
polemic or polemical	552
police	552
political or politic	552
political correctness	552
pollex	553
Polynesia	553
polysemy	553
pommel and pummel	554
poncy or poncey	554
-ponic	554
popular, populous and populist	554
portentous or portentious	554
portico	554
portmanteau	554
portmanteau words	554
possessive adjective	554
possessive case	555
possessive pronouns	555
post-	555
post hoc	555
post mortem, post-mortem and postmortem	555
postdeterminer	555
postmortem	555
postnominal	555
postpositive	556
postscript	556
potato	556
potency or potence, and impotence or impotency	556
potpourri	556
potter or putter	556
poule de luxe	556
pound or pounds	556
pp. or p.p.	556
practical or practicable	556
practice or practise	557
pre-	557
precede or proceed	558
precedence or precedent	558
preciousness or preciosity	558
precipitate or precipitous	558
précis	559
precision or preciseness	559
predeterminer	559
predicate	559
predominant or predominate, and predominantly or predominately	560
preface	560
preferable	560
prefixes	560
prelims.	561
premier or premiere	561
premise, premiss and premises	561
premium	561
prepositional phrases	561
prepositional verbs	562
prepositions	562
prerequisite or perquisite	563
prescribe or proscribe	563
prescriptive or descriptive	563
present tense	563
pressured, pressurized or pressurised	564
presume or assume	564
presumptuous or presumptive	564
prêt-à-porter	564
pretense, pretence, pretension or pretentiousness	564
pretty	564
prevent (from)	565
preventable or preventible	565
preventive or preventative	565
pricey or pricy	565
prima donna, diva and prima ballerina	565
prima facie	566
primaeval or primeval	566
primary auxiliaries	566
primeval or primaeval	566
primus inter pares	566
principal or principle	566
principal clause	566
principal parts	566
principle or principal	566
prise or prize	566
pro- and pro	567
pro forma	567
pro rata, pro-rata and pro-rate	567
pro tem	567
problematic or problematical	567
proceed or precede	567
proclaim and proclamation	567
Professor and Prof(.)	568
profited	568
pro-forms	568
progeny	568
prognosis	568
program or programme	568
prolegomenon	568
prologue or prolog	568
promptness or promptitude	568
pronounce and pronunciation	568
pronouns	569
proofreading	569
propellant or propellent	569
propeller or propellor	569
proper names	569
proper nouns	569
prophecy or prophesy	570
proportional or proportionate	570
propos	570
proposition or proposal	570
proprietary or propriety	570
proprietor	570
proscribe or prescribe	570
prose	570
prospectus	570
prostrate or prostate	571
protagonist and antagonist	571
protector or protecter	571
protest	571
Protestant	572
protester or protestor	572
proto-	572
proved or proven	572
provenance or provenience	572
proverb	572
provided (that) or providing (that)	572
prox.	572
proxime accessit	572
proximity agreement	573
prudent or prudish	573
pry	573
PS	573
pseudo-cleft sentence	573
pseudonym	573
psychic or psychical	573
publicly or publically	573
pukka, pukkah, pucka or pucker	573
pummel or pommel	574
punctuation	574
pundit or pandit	575
puns	575
pupa	575
puritan, puritanical and puritanic	575
purlieu or purlieus	575
purveyor or purveyer	576
putrefy or putrify	576
putter or potter	576
pygmy or pigmy	576
pyjamas or pajamas	576
q	577
q/k	577
QED	577
qua	577
quadr-	577
quadriceps	578
quadrillion	578
qualifiers	578
quandary or quandry	578
quango or NGO	578
quantum leap or jump	578
quarreled or quarrelled	578
quarter	578
quasi- and quasi	579
quasimodal	579
quay	579
Quebecer or Quebecker	579
question	579
question marks	579
questions	580
queuing or queueing	580
qui vive	581
quick or quickly	581
quid pro quo	581
quintillion	581
quit or quitted	581
quite	581
quiz and quizzes	582
quod erat demonstrandum	582
quod vide	582
quondam	582
quorum	582
quotation marks	582
quotations	584
Quran or Koran	584
q.v.	584
r or wr	585
-r-	585
-r/-rr-	585
rabies	585
raccoon or racoon	585
racism or racialism	585
racist language	585
rack or wrack	586
radio-	587
radius	587
radix	587
railway or railroad	587
raise or rise	587
raison d'être	587
-rance and -erance	587
rancor or rancour	587
rang or rung	588
rangy or rangey	588
ranunculus	588
rap up or wrap up	588
rapt, wrapt or wrapped	588
rarefy or rarify	588
rather and rather than	588
ratio decidendi	589
ravage or ravish	589
ravel or unravel	589
re	590
re-	590
-re/-er	590
reaction signal	591
reafforestation, reforestation and afforestation	591
real or really	591
realtor, real estate agent, estate agent	592
rebound, redound or resound	592
recalcitrance or recalcitrancy	592
reciprocal words	592
recision, recission or rescission	592
reckless or wreckless	592
reclaim and reclamation	592
reconciliation or reconcilement	592
recourse, resort or resource	592
recto and verso	592
recur or reoccur, and recurrence or re-occurrence	592
redound, resound or rebound	593
reduced forms	593
reductio ad absurdum	593
redundancy	593
reduplicatives	593
reek or wreak	594
reference to	594
referencing	594
referendum	595
referential	595
referred or refereed	595
reflection or reflexion	596
reflective or reflexive	596
reflexive pronouns	596
reflexive verbs	596
reforestation or reafforestation	597
refurbish, furbish or refurnish	597
refute	597
regalia	597
regard(s) to	597
regime or regimen	598
regionalism and regionism	598
regrettably and regretfully	598
regular verbs	598
reindeer	599
relation or relationship	599
relations or relatives	599
relative clauses	599
relative pronouns	600
relayed or relaid	601
relevance or relevancy	601
remodeled or remodelled	601
renege or renegue	602
renounce and renunciation	602
rent or hire	602
re(-)occurrence or recurrence	602
repairable and reparable	602
repellent or repellant	602
repertoire or repertory	602
repetition	603
replace, substitute and substituted	603
repetitious or repetitive	603
reported speech	604
requiescat in pace	604
requisite or requisition	604
rescission and recision	605
resin or rosin	605
resistor or resister	605
resource, recourse or resort	605
respectfully or respectively	605
rest or wrest	605
restaurateur or restauranteur	605
restive or restless	606
restrictive clause	606
resumé or résumé	606
retch or wretch	606
reticent and reluctant	606
retina	607
retro- and retro	607
Rev. or Revd.	607
revenge, avenge and vengeance	607
Reverend, Rev. and Revd	608
reverent or reverential	608
reversal or reversion	608
reverse or obverse	608
review or revue	608
rheme	608
rhetoric	609
rhetorical questions	609
rhinoceros and rhino	609
rhotic	609
rhyme or rime	609
rhyming slang	609
rhythm	610
rhythmic or rhythmical	611
ricochet	611
rid or ridded	611
right or rightly	611
Right, right wing and rightist	612
rigor or rigour	612
rime or rhyme	612
ring or wring	612
RIP	612
rise or arise	612
risky or risqué	612
rite or ritual	613
rival	613
rivet	613
road or street	613
roman	613
roman à clef	613
Roman Catholic	613
Roman numerals or roman numerals	613
Romania, Rumania or Roumania	614
roofs or rooves	614
root	614
rosary or rosery	614
rosin or resin	614
Roumania or Romania	614
round or around	614
rouse and arouse	614
route or rout	614
Royal or royal	615
royal we	615
RSI	615
RSVP	615
Rumania or Romania	616
rumor or rumour	616
run in or run on	616
rung or wrung	616
running heads	616
runover lines	616
rural or rustic	616
Russia	616
rustic or rural	616
x or Rx	616
-ry	616
s	618
-s	618
-s/-ss-	618
's	618
sabre or saber	619
saccharine or saccharin	619
sack, sac or sacque	619
sacrilegious	620
said	620
sake	620
saleroom or salesroom	621
salination, salinization, salinisation and salinification	621
salutary or salutatory	621
same	621
sanatorium, sanitarium or sanatorium	622
sanatory or sanitary	622
sanction	622
sang or sung	622
sanguine or sanguinary	622
sanitarium, sanitorium or sanatorium	623
sanitary or sanatory	623
sans serif	623
sarcasm	623
sarcophagus	623
sated, satiated or saturated	623
satiric or satirical	623
savanna or savannah	623
savings or saving	623
savior or saviour	623
savoir faire and savoir vivre	623
sawed or sawn	624
sawn-off or sawed-off	624
scalawag	624
scale and scales	624
scallop or scollop	624
scallywag or scalawag	624
scant or scanty	624
scarcely	624
scare quotes	625
scarfs or scarves	625
sceptic or skeptic, and scepticism or skepticism	625
sceptre or scepter	625
schnorkel or snorkel	625
schwa	625
scientific names	625
scilicet	626
scissors	626
scollop or scallop	626
Scotch, Scots or Scottish	626
sculpt or sculpture	626
seasonal or seasonable	627
second cousin or first cousin once removed	627
second person	627
Second World War	627
self	627
self-deprecating, self-deprecatory or self-depreciatory	627
self-raising or self-rising	627
selvage or selvedge	627
semantics or semiotics	627
semi- and semi	627
semi-auxiliary or semi-modal	628
semicolon	628
semi-modal or semi-auxiliary	628
semiotics or semantics	628
Sen.	628
seniors and senior citizens	628
sensuous or sensual	629
sentence adverbs	629
sentences	629
sentiment, sentimental and sentimentality	630
separate and separate out	630
sept-	631
sepulchre or sepulcher	631
sequence of tenses and backshifting	631
Serb or Serbian	631
sergeant or serjeant	631
serial or series	632
serif	632
serjeant or sergeant	632
service	632
settler or settlor	632
sew	632
sewage or sewerage	633
sex or gender	633
sexism in language	633
shaken or shook	633
shaky or shakey	633
shall or will	633
shammy, chammy or chamois	634
shan't	634
sharif or sherif	635
sharp or sharply	635
she	635
s/he	635
sheafs or sheaves	635
sheared, shore and shorn	636
shed or shedded	636
sheikh, sheik, shaikh or shaykh	636
sherbet or sherbert	636
sheriff, sherif and sharif	636
shew or show	637
shibboleth	637
shine	637
-ship	637
shishkebab or shishkabob	638
shit, shat or shitted	638
shoe-in or shoo-in	638
shone or shined	638
shoo-in or shoe-in	638
shook or shaken	638
shoot, shute or chute	638
shore, shorn or sheared	638
short messaging/message service	638
short titles	638
should or would	638
should of or should've	639
shoveled or shovelled, shoveling or shovelling	639
show or shew	639
showed or shown	639
shredded or shred	639
shrink	640
shute, shoot or chute	640
SI units	640
Sian	640
sic	640
sideward or sidewards	640
sideways or sidewise	640
signaled or signalled, signaling or signalling	640
signor, signore or signora	640
silent letters	641
silicon, silicone and silica	641
silvan or sylvan	641
similes	641
simple or simplistic	641
simple sentences	641
simulacrum	641
since	641
sine	642
sing, sang and sung	642
Singaporean or Singaporian	642
single for double	642
singular	642
Sinhalese or Singhalese	642
sink, sank and sunk	642
sinus	643
siphon or syphon	643
Sir	643
sirup or syrup	643
sissy or cissy	643
sister-in-law	643
situ	643
sizable or sizeable	643
skeptic or sceptic, skeptical or sceptical, and skepticism or scepticism	643
skew or skewer	643
skilful or skillful	644
skim milk or skimmed milk	644
slang	644
slated	644
Slavic, Slavonic or Slavonian	644
slay, slew, slue and slough	645
sled, sledge, sleigh, toboggan or luge	645
slew or slayed	645
sling	645
slink	645
Slovak	645
slow and slowly	645
slue or slew	646
sluff or slough	646
sly	646
small caps	646
small-scale	646
smell	646
smiley or smily	646
smitten	646
smoky or smokey	646
smoulder or smolder	646
SMS	647
sneaked or snuck	647
snicker or snigger	647
sniveling or snivelling	647
snorkel or schnorkel	647
snr(.), sr(.), Sr., Snr and Sr	647
snuck or sneaked	647
so	647
sobriquet or soubriquet	648
social or sociable	648
solecism	649
solemnity or solemnness	649
solidus and slash	649
soluble or solvable	650
sombre or somber	650
some	650
-some	650
somebody or someone	650
sometimes and sometime	650
son-in-law	651
soprano	651
sort of	651
sotto voce	651
sound symbolism	651
south, southern and southerly	651
South African English	651
Southeast Asia or South-East Asia	652
southern hemisphere	652
southward or southwards	652
Soviet	652
sow	652
sox	653
soya or soy	653
SP, Sp., sp. or s.p.	653
spark plug or sparking plug	653
spasmodic or spasmodical	653
-speak	653
speaking (of)	653
special, specially and especially	653
special pleading	654
specialty or speciality	654
species and specie	654
spectre or specter	654
spectrum	654
speed	654
spelled or spelt	654
spelling, rules and reforms	654
spick or spic	656
spiky or spikey	656
spill	657
spin and span	657
spiraled or spiralled, spiraling or spiralling	657
spirt or spurt	657
spit	657
splendor or splendour	657
splice	657
split infinitive	657
spoil	658
sponging or spongeing	658
spouse and spouse equivalent	658
spring	658
spry	658
spurt or spirt	658
square brackets	658
square metres or metres square	659
Sr(.) and sr(.)	659
Sri Lanka, Sinhala and Sinhalese	659
St. or Saint	659
-st	659
stadium	659
staff, stave and staffer	659
stained glass or stain glass	660
stalactite or stalagmite	660
stamen and stamina	660
stamp or stomp	660
stanch or staunch	660
stand in line or stand on line	660
standard English	660
standard units	661
stank or stunk	661
start (to)	661
state or State	661
statements	661
stationery or stationary	661
statistics	661
status quo	661
staunch or stanch	661
staves or staffs	662
stencil	662
step or steppe	662
-ster	662
stereotypical or stereotypic	662
stigma	662
stimulus and stimulant	662
sting	662
stink	663
stoa	663
stoic or stoical	663
stomp or stamp	663
stony or stoney	663
stops	663
storey or story	663
straight, strait and strai(gh)tened	663
stranded preposition	664
strata	664
strategy or stratagem	664
stratose or stratous	664
stratum and strata	664
street	664
streptococcus	664
strew	664
stride	664
strike	664
string, stringed and strung	665
strive	665
strong and weak	665
structure in writing	665
stucco	665
stunk or stank	665
stupefy	665
sty or stye	665
style	665
stylus	666
stymie or stymy	666
sub-	666
sub poena	666
sub rosa	666
subconscious or unconscious	666
subcontinental	667
subject	667
subject verb agreement	667
subjective case	667
subjunctive	667
subjuncts	668
subordination and the subordinate clause	668
subpoena or subpena	668
substantial or substantive	668
substitute or replace	668
substitute verb	668
subtitles	669
such and such as	669
suffixes	670
sui generis	670
sulfur or sulphur	670
sumac or sumach	671
summa cum laude	671
summary	671
summation plurals	671
summons	671
super- and super	671
supercede or supersede	671
supercilious and superciliary	672
superior	672
superlative	672
superordinate	672
supersede or supercede	672
supine or prostrate	672
supper or dinner	672
suppletive verbs	672
suppose or supposing	672
sur-	673
surname	673
surprised by or surprised at	673
Surrey or Surry	673
surveil or surveille	673
sus or suss	673
susceptible	673
suspect or suspicious, suspicion and sus(s)	673
suspense or suspension	674
suspicious or suspect	674
suss or sus	674
swam or swum	674
swap or swop	674
swat or swot	674
swathe or swath	674
swear words	674
sweat	675
swelled or swollen	675
swim	675
swing	675
swiveled or swivelled, swiveling or swivelling	675
swollen or swelled	675
swop or swap	675
swot or swat	675
swum or swam	675
syllabify, syllabicate or syllabize	675
syllables and syllabification	675
syllabus	675
syllogism	676
sylvan or silvan	676
symbols and symbolism	676
sympathy with or sympathy for	676
symposium	676
synagogue or synagog	676
sync or synch	676
synchronic and diachronic	676
synecdoche	676
synonyms	677
synopsis	677
syntax	677
synthetic	677
syphon or siphon	677
syringing or syringeing	677
syrup or sirup	677
systematic or systemic	677
-t	678
tabbouleh, tabouleh or tabouli	678
table d'hôte	678
tableau	678
tables	678
tablespoonful	679
taboo words	679
tabouli, tabouleh or tabbouleh	679
tabula rasa	679
tag questions	679
talc	680
tant pis	680
target	680
tarmac	680
tasseled or tasselled	680
tautology	680
taxi	680
tea or dinner	680
teaming or teeming	680
teaspoonful	680
technical or technological	680
technologese	681
technological or technical	681
teeming or teaming	681
teetotalism	681
tele-	681
temblor, tremblor or trembler	681
tempera or tempura	681
template or templet	681
temporary or temporal	682
tempura or tempera	682
tend or attend	682
tendinitis or tendonitis	682
tensed verb	682
tenses	682
terminology	682
terminus or terminal	682
terminus ante quem and terminus ad quem	682
terra	683
terrible or terrific	683
tête-à-tête	683
textual	683
-th	683
than	684
thank you and thanks	684
thankfully	685
that	685
the	686
theatre or theater	687
theirself and theirselves	687
theme	687
thence	688
theoretical or theoretic	688
thereafter, thereby, therefor, therein, thereon, thereunder etc.	689
therein, thereon, thereunder	690
there's	690
thesaurus	690
they, them, their	690
third person	691
Third World	691
thirty-second note	691
this	691
tho	691
-thon	691
thou and thee	691
though or although	691
thrash and thresh	692
thrive	692
throes or throws	692
through and thru	692
throwaway terms	692
thru or through	692
thrust	692
thus	692
thusly	692
tick or tic	693
ticketed	694
tidbit or titbit	694
tieing or tying	694
tight or tightly	694
tike or tyke	694
tilde	694
till, until or 'til	694
timbre or timber	694
time	694
time zones	694
timpani or tympani	695
tingeing or tinging	695
-tion	695
tipstaff	695
tire or tyre	695
tiro or tyro	695
titbit or tidbit	695
titer or titre	696
titre or titer	696
to	696
tobacco	696
toilet or toilette	696
tolerance or toleration	697
tomato	697
ton, tonne and tonnage	697
tonite	697
tonsillitis or tonsilitis	697
too	697
topic	698
topic sentences	699
tormentor or tormenter	699
tornado	699
torpedo	699
torpor or torpour	699
torso	699
torturous or tortuous	699
total of	699
totaled or totalled, totaling or totalling	699
toto	699
tour de force	699
toute de suite	700
toward or towards	700
toweling or towelling	700
town names	700
toxemia or toxaemia	700
trachea	700
tract, track or tack	700
trademarks	700
traffic	701
tranquilizer, tranquillizer or tranquilliser	701
trans-	701
transexual or transsexual	701
transferable, transferrable or transferrible	702
transferor, transferrer or transferer	702
transfers	702
tranship or transship	702
transient or transitory	703
transitive and intransitive	704
transitory or transient'	704
translucent, transparent or opaque	704
transmission or transmittal	704
transparency or transparence	704
transpire	704
transsexual or transexual	704
transship or tranship	704
traveled or travelled, traveler or traveller, traveling or travelling	704
travelogue or travelog	704
tread, trod and treaded	704
treasonable or treasonous	705
treble or triple	705
trellis	705
tremor, trembler, tremblor or temblor	705
tri-	705
trialed or trialled, trialing or trialling	705
triceps	705
trillion	705
triple or treble	705
triumphant or triumphal	706
-trix	706
trod or trodden	706
trolley or trolly	706
trompe l'oeil	706
-tron	706
troop or troupe, trooper or trouper	706
tropical or tropic	707
truculence or truculency	707
truism	707
trumpet	707
try and	707
tsar or czar	708
tubercular or tuberculous	708
tumor or tumour	708
tunneled or tunnelled, tunneling or tunnelling	708
tuppenny or twopenny	708
turbid or turgid	708
turfs or turves	708
turnover or runover lines	708
turret	708
twingeing or twinging	708
twopenny or tuppenny	708
-ty	708
tyke or tike	708
tympanum, tympani and timpani	708
type of	709
typhoid or typhus	709
typhoon, tornado or cyclone	709
typographical or typographic	709
tyre or tire	709
tyro or tiro	709
U and non-U	710
UK	710
Ukraine and Ukrainian	710
ukulele or ukelele	710
ulna	710
Ulster	710
ult.	710
ultimatum	711
ultra- and ultra	711
ultra vires	711
-um	711
umlaut	712
un-	712
unaccusative	712
unarguable	712
unattached participles or phrases	712
unaware or unawares	712
unbeknown or unbeknownst	712
uncharted or unchartered	712
unconscious or subconscious	712
uncountable	713
under-	713
underhand or underhanded	713
underlay or underlie	713
understatements	713
undertone or overtone	714
underway or under way	714
undiscriminating	714
undistributed middle	714
undoubtedly, indubitably, doubtless and doubtlessly	714
unexceptional or unexceptionable	714
unfurl or furl	714
uni-	714
uninterested	714
unique	714
United Church or Uniting Church	715
units of measurement	715
unless	715
unloose or unloosen	715
unpractical or impractical	715
unravel or ravel	715
unsanitary or insanitary	715
unsatisfied or dissatisfied	715
unshakable or unshakeable	715
until or til	715
unwieldy or unwieldly	715
upper case	715
upward or upwards	715
urban or urbane	715
urethra	716
URL	716
USA and US	716
usable or useable	717
usage or use	717
used to	717
USSR	718
UTC	718
utilize/utilise or use	718
utmost or uttermost	718
U-turn, about-turn, about-face or volte-face	718
-v-/-f-	719
vacuum	719
vademecum	719
vagary, vagaries and vague	719
vaccinate	719
vacuity or vacuousness	719
vague words	720
valence, valency and valance	720
valet	720
valiant, valorous, valorise or valorize	720
valor or valour	720
valorize or valorise	720
valuable and invaluable	720
van/Van and von/Von	721
vapor or vapour	721
variant and variety	721
variety in writing	721
variety of	721
vegetarian or vegan	721
veld or veldt	722
vellum or velum	722
venal or venial	722
vendor or vender	722
vengeance or revenge	722
venial or venal	722
venturous or venturesome, adventurous or adventuresome	722
verb phrase	722
verbal and verbalize	723
verbal nouns	723
verbiage and verbosity	723
vermin	724
vernacular	724
verso	724
versus	724
vertebrae	724
vertex or vortex	724
very or most	725
veterinary or veterinarian	725
veto	725
via	725
vice or vise	725
vice, vice- and vice versa	725
vide, videlicet and viz.	726
vie	726
Vietnam or Viet Nam	726
vilify	726
villain or villein	726
virgule	726
virtuoso	726
virus	726
vis-à-vis	726
viscous or viscose	726
vise or vice	726
visible or visual	726
visitation, visit, and visit to/with	727
visual or visible	727
vita	727
viva voce	727
vocal chords or vocal cords	727
vocative	727
vogue words	727
voice	728
volcano	728
volte-face or about-face	728
Von	728
vortex or vertex	728
vouch or voucher	728
vowels	728
vox populi	728
vs. or v.	728
vulgar	728
vying or vieing	728
wagon or waggon	729
wainscot	729
wait or await	729
wait for, wait on and wait up	729
wait in line or on line	729
waiter, waitress or waitron	729
waive or wave, waiver or waver	730
wake, waken, awake or awaken	730
wallop	730
wangle or wrangle	730
-ward or -wards	731
warden or warder	732
warranter or warrantor	732
warranty or warrantee	732
wash up	732
WASP or Wasp	732
waste or wastage	733
wave or waive, waver or waiver	733
wax	733
way and the way	733
waylay	733
-ways or -wise	733
we	733
weak and strong	734
wean	734
weasel	734
weasel word(s)	734
weave	734
webpage, web page or Web page	735
website, web site or Web site, and the World Wide Web	735
wed and wedded	735
welch or welsh	735
well and good	735
well and well-	735
welsh or welch	736
were	736
west, western or westerly	736
westward or westwards	736
wet and wetted	736
wh- words	736
wharfs or wharves	736
what	737
whatever or what ever	737
whence	737
where-	737
whereabouts	737
whereas	737
whet and whetted	738
whether	738
whetted or wetted	738
which	738
while or whilst	739
while away or wile away	739
whimperative	739
whingeing or whinging	739
whisky or whiskey	739
whiz, whizz and wiz	740
who and whose	740
wholistic or holistic	741
wholly or wholely	741
whom	741
Whorfian principle	742
whose	742
wh-words	742
widow or widower	742
widows and orphans	742
wilful or willful	742
will	742
winey or winy	742
wiry or wirey	743
-wise or -ways	743
wisteria or wistaria	743
without	744
wiz, whiz or whizz	744
wog	744
wolfish or wolvish	744
woman or lady	744
woolen, woollen, woolly or wooly	744
word classes	745
word order	745
wordbreaks	745
words	745
World War	746
World Wide Web or WorldWideWeb	746
worrisome or worrying	746
worse or worst	746
worshipped or worshiped	746
would or should	747
would of or would've	747
wove or weaved	747
wr or r	747
wrang or wrung	747
wrangle or wangle	747
wrap up or rap up	747
wrapped or wrapt	747
wrath, wroth and wrathful	747
wreak or reek	747
wreckless or reckless	747
wrest or rest	747
wretch or retch	747
wright or write	747
write me	747
wring or ring	748
wrong or wrongly	748
wrought or wreaked	748
wrung, wrang or wringed	748
www	748
-x	749
Xian	749
-xic or -ctic	749
-xion or -ction	749
Xmas	749
X-ray or x-ray	749
y/i	750
-y	750
-y/-ey	750
-y > -i-	750
yack or yak	751
ya'll or y'all	751
Yankee	751
ye and you	751
yes	751
yodel	752
yogurt, yoghurt, yoghourt and yogourt	752
Yogyakarta	752
you and ye	752
you-all and you all	753
Yours faithfully, Yours sincerely, and Yours etc.	753
yous or youse	753
youth and youths	754
-yse/-yze	754
yuck or yuk, yucky or yukky	754
Yugoslavia	754
yuk and yukky	754
yuppie or yuppy	754
-yze/-yse	755
-z/-zz	756
zed or zee	756
zero	756
zero conjunction	756
zero derivation	757
zero past tense	757
zero plurals	757
zero relatives	757
zincic or zincky	757
Zionist	757
zombie or zombi	757
附录一 英语发音的国际音标符号	758
附录二 地质时代	759
附录三 万年历 1901 一 2008 年	760
附录四 国际计量单位制（国际公制单位）	761
附录五 公制度量衡与英制度量衡转换表	762
附录六 校对符号：英国用法与美国用法	764
附录七 书信、备忘录和电子邮件格式与风格	766
附录八 英语信封格式	768
附录九 书名对照表	769
参考书目	771