zamzawed, adj.

zamzawed
http://www.oed.com/dictionary/zamzawed_adj%3Ftab%3Dmeaning_and_use
First published 2018

# zamzawedadjective

## Factsheet

### What does the adjective zamzawed mean?

There is one meaning in OED's entry for the adjective zamzawed. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definition, usage, and quotation evidence.

This word is used in south-western English regional dialect.

### How is the adjective zamzawed pronounced?

#### British English

/ˈzamzɔːd/
ZAM-zawd

#### U.S. English

/ˈzæmˌzɔd/
ZAM-zawd
/ˈzæmˌzɑd/
ZAM-zahd

### Where does the adjective zamzawed come from?

Earliest known use

mid 1700s

The earliest known use of the adjective zamzawed is in the mid 1700s.

OED's earliest evidence for zamzawed is from 1743, in the writing of E. Lye.

zamzawed is formed within English, by derivation.

Etymons: sam- prefix, sod adj.

### Nearby entries

1. zami, n. 1977–
2. Zamia, n. 1819–
3. zamindar, n. 1683–
4. zamindari, n. & adj. 1742–
5. zamindarship, n. 1698–1902
6. zamioid, adj. 1860–
7. zamorin, n. 1582–
8. zampino, n. 1881–
9. zampogna, n. 1740–
10. zampone, n. 1860–
11. zamzawed, adj.1743–
12. Zamzummim, n. 1530–
13. Zande, n. 1873–
14. zander, n. 1854–
15. zanella, n. 1876–
16. zanily, adv. 1936–
17. zaniness, n. 1933–
18. Zante, n. 1615–
19. Zantedeschia, n. 1836–
20. ZANU, n. 1963–
21. zany, n. & adj. 1582–

## Etymology

### Summary

Formed within English, by derivation.
Etymons: sam- prefix, sod adj.
< zam-, English regional (south-western) form of sam- prefix + zawed, English regional (south-western) form of sod adj.

Compare sam-sodden n.

## Meaning & use

English regional (Devon). Now rare.

1. 1743–
   Of food or a meal: spoiled by overcooking; overdone. Also occasionally: undercooked; = sam-sodden n.
   Quot. 1743 apparently explains the word as a noun, but no other evidence for use as a noun has been found.
   1. 1743

      > Zamzod, Devoniensibus est vocabulum satis notum. Iis designat..Cibum nimiâ coctione corruptum... Nam proprie significat Carnem semicoctam. [Translation: Zamzod is a word well known to the inhabitants of Devon. For them it means food spoilt by over-cooking. For it actually means half-cooked meat.]

      E. Lye, Junius's Etymologicum Anglicanum
   2. a1794

      > His met was zam-zaw'd and a bowl'd to jouds [i.e. rags].

      M. Palmer, Dialogue in Devonshire Dialect (1837) 12
   3. 1825

      > Zamzod, zamzodden, any thing heated for a long time in a low heat so as to be in part spoiled, is said to be zamzodden.

      J. Jennings, Observations Dialects W. England 85
   4. 1880

      > Supper won't be a minute afore it's in, and if it's put back now 'twill all be samsawed and not worth eatin'.

      L. Parr, Adam & Eve vol. I. vii. 188
   5. 1892

      > I bant agwaine [i.e. am not going] tü ayte this mayte..; tidden 'a'f cüked, 'tez beastly zamzawd trade.

      S. Hewett, Peasant Speech of Devon 152
   6. 1930

      > As the supper was liable to be zamzawed, i.e. dried up, if kept longer in the oven, it was decided to begin under another Chairman.

      H. Williamson, Village Book 66
   7. 1998

      > I well recall my mother telling us to..get home on time for dinner or ‘twill be zamzawed’.

      Western Morning News (Plymouth) (Nexis) 22 June 10
   food and cooking English regional (south-western)
   1. zamzawed 1743–
      Of food or a meal: spoiled by overcooking; overdone. Also occasionally: undercooked; = sam-sodden, n.
   2. overdone 1781
      That is overdone (in various senses of the verb); carried to excess; exaggerated; overcooked.
   3. set-on 1825–
      (See quot. 1825).
   4. well-done 1846–
      Of meat: thoroughly cooked.
   View in Historical Thesaurus
   1. rear late Old English–
      Originally only of eggs: slightly or imperfectly cooked, underdone. Also in extended use. Cf. rare, adj.² Now regional.
   2. half-boiled?1440–
      Lightly cooked by boiling; parboiled. Also: that has not been boiled sufficiently; undercooked.
   3. rare 1655–
      Of an egg: left soft in cooking, lightly cooked.
   4. zamzawed 1743–
      Of food or a meal: spoiled by overcooking; overdone. Also occasionally: undercooked; = sam-sodden, n.
   5. al dente 1940–
      That has been cooked al dente; tender but firm.
   View in Historical Thesaurus

## Pronunciation

### British English

/ˈzamzɔːd/
ZAM-zawd

### U.S. English

/ˈzæmˌzɔd/
ZAM-zawd
/ˈzæmˌzɑd/
ZAM-zahd

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- ɬrhingyll
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛtl/ but /ˈpɛtl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- iːfleece
- ihappy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- atrap, bath
- ɑːstart, palm, bath
- ɒlot
- ɔːthought, force
- ʌstrut
- ʊfoot
- uːgoose
- əletter
- əːnurse
- ɪənear
- ɛːsquare
- ʊəcure
- eɪface
- ʌɪpride
- aʊmouth
- əʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ãgratin
- ɒ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye*
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

* /d/ also represents a 'tapped' /t/ as in

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛd(ə)l/ but /ˈpɛdl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- ifleece, happy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- ætrap, bath
- ɑlot, palm, cloth, thought
- ɑrstart
- ɔcloth, thought
- ɔrnorth, force
- ʊfoot
- ugoose
- əstrut, comma
- ərnurse, letter
- ɪ(ə)rnear
- ɛ(ə)rsquare
- ʊ(ə)rcure
- eɪface
- aɪpride
- aʊmouth
- oʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ɑ̃gratin
- æ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

####

Simple text respell breaks words into syllables, separated by a hyphen. The syllable which carries the primary stress is written in capital letters. This key covers both British and U.S. English Simple Text Respell.

##### Consonants

b, d, f, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w and z have their standard English values

- gguy
- jjay
- yyore
- chchore
- khloch
- shshore
- ththaw
- dhthee
- zhbeige

##### Vowels

- atrap
- ahpalm
- airsquare
- arstart
- arrcarry (British only)
- awthought
- ayface
- a(ng)gratin
- edress
- eefleece
- eerdeer
- errmerry
- ikit
- ighpride
- irrmirror
- olot (British only)
- ohgoat
- oogoose
- oorcure
- orforce
- orrsorry (British only)
- owmouth
- oyvoice
- o(ng)salon
- ustrut
- uhletter
- urnurse
- urrhurry
- uufoot

## Forms

### Variant forms

1. 1700s–1800s
   zamzaw'd, zamzod
2. 1800s
   samsawed, zamsod, zamzawd
3. 1800s–
   zamzawed
4. 1900s
   zamzoed

zamzawed, adj. was first published in June 2018.

zamzawed, adj. was last modified in July 2023.