zoophilist, n.

zoophilist
http://www.oed.com/dictionary/zoophilist_n%3Ftab%3Dmeaning_and_use
Revised 2017

# zoophilistnoun

## Factsheet

### What does the noun zoophilist mean?

There is one meaning in OED's entry for the noun zoophilist. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definition, usage, and quotation evidence.

### How common is the noun zoophilist?

Fewer than 0.01occurrences per million words in modern written English

1840 | 0.00005
1850 | 0.0002
1860 | 0.0003
1870 | 0.0005
1880 | 0.0009
1890 | 0.0013
1900 | 0.0015
1910 | 0.0016
1920 | 0.0016
1930 | 0.0015
1940 | 0.0013
1950 | 0.0008
1960 | 0.0005
1970 | 0.0005
1980 | 0.0003
1990 | 0.0003
2000 | 0.0003
2010 | 0.0003

### How is the noun zoophilist pronounced?

#### British English

/zuːˈɒfᵻlɪst/
zoo-OFF-uh-list
/zəʊˈɒfᵻlɪst/
zoh-OFF-uh-list

#### U.S. English

/zuˈɑfələst/
zoo-AH-fuh-luhst
/zoʊˈɑfələst/
zoh-AH-fuh-luhst

### Where does the noun zoophilist come from?

Earliest known use

1820s

The earliest known use of the noun zoophilist is in the 1820s.

OED's earliest evidence for zoophilist is from 1829, in Hull Packet.

zoophilist is formed within English, by compounding.

Etymons: zoo- comb. form, ‑philist comb. form.

### Nearby entries

1. zoopathologist, n. 1898–
2. zoopathology, n. 1841–
3. zoophagan, n. & adj. 1835–
4. zoophagic, adj. 1903–
5. zoophagous, adj. 1788–
6. zoophagy, n. 1849–
7. zoophile, n. 1885–
8. zoophilia, n. 1894–
9. zoophilic, adj. 1884–
10. zoophilism, n. 1867–
11. zoophilist, n.1829–
12. zoophilite, n. 1879–
13. zoophilous, adj. 1881–
14. zoophily, n. 1830–
15. zoophobia, n. 1888–
16. zoophysical, adj. 1820–
17. zoophysics, n. 1887–
18. zoophysiology, n. 1803–
19. zoophytal, adj. 1756–
20. zoophyte, n. 1606–
21. zoophytic, adj. 1808–

## Etymology

### Summary

Formed within English, by compounding.
Etymons: zoo- comb. form, ‑philist comb. form.
< zoo- comb. form + ‑philist comb. form.

Compare slightly later zoophily n.

## Meaning & use

Now chiefly historical and somewhat rare.

1. 1829–
   A person who is emotionally attached to animals, an animal lover; an opponent of cruelty to animals. Cf. zoophily n. 1.
   1. 1829

      > A species of animal which is likely to become a great favourite among our female zoophilists.

      Hull Packet 17 November
   2. a1843

      > Our Philosopher and Zoophilist..advised those who consulted him as to the best manner of taking and destroying rats.

      R. Southey, Doctor (1847) vol. VII. 326
   3. 1895

      > None of us Zoophilists have ever pleaded for equal rights for animals with men.

      Contemporary Review October 502
   4. 1910

      > Sentimental zoophilists have so severely condemned, discoveries whose value to the world are many times greater than the cost of the institution.

      Science 15 July 92/1
   5. 1951

      > Not uninfluenced by the fact that she, like he, was a zoophilist.

      Economica vol. 18 299
   6. 1994

      > Some zoophilists secretly hoped that modern Catholic teaching would dispense with these medieval attitudes.

      Sunday Times (Nexis) 30 October
   animals historical
   1. zoophilist 1829–
      A person who is emotionally attached to animals, an animal lover; an opponent of cruelty to animals. Cf. zoophily, n. 1.
   2. philozoist 1869–
      A lover of animals.
   3. zoophilite 1879–
      An opponent of cruelty to animals, esp. an antivivisectionist. Cf. zoophile, n. 1, zoophilist, n.
   View in Historical Thesaurus
   1. zoophilist 1829–
      A person who is emotionally attached to animals, an animal lover; an opponent of cruelty to animals. Cf. zoophily, n. 1.
   2. zoophilite 1879–
      An opponent of cruelty to animals, esp. an antivivisectionist. Cf. zoophile, n. 1, zoophilist, n.
   3. bestiarian 1882–
      A person opposed to vivisection.
   View in Historical Thesaurus

## Pronunciation

### British English

/zuːˈɒfᵻlɪst/
zoo-OFF-uh-list
/zəʊˈɒfᵻlɪst/
zoh-OFF-uh-list
/zuːˈɒfl̩ɪst/
zoo-OFF-uhl-ist
/zəʊˈɒfl̩ɪst/
zoh-OFF-uhl-ist

### U.S. English

/zuˈɑfələst/
zoo-AH-fuh-luhst
/zoʊˈɑfələst/
zoh-AH-fuh-luhst

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- ɬrhingyll
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛtl/ but /ˈpɛtl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- iːfleece
- ihappy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- atrap, bath
- ɑːstart, palm, bath
- ɒlot
- ɔːthought, force
- ʌstrut
- ʊfoot
- uːgoose
- əletter
- əːnurse
- ɪənear
- ɛːsquare
- ʊəcure
- eɪface
- ʌɪpride
- aʊmouth
- əʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ãgratin
- ɒ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye*
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

* /d/ also represents a 'tapped' /t/ as in

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛd(ə)l/ but /ˈpɛdl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- ifleece, happy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- ætrap, bath
- ɑlot, palm, cloth, thought
- ɑrstart
- ɔcloth, thought
- ɔrnorth, force
- ʊfoot
- ugoose
- əstrut, comma
- ərnurse, letter
- ɪ(ə)rnear
- ɛ(ə)rsquare
- ʊ(ə)rcure
- eɪface
- aɪpride
- aʊmouth
- oʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ɑ̃gratin
- æ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

####

Simple text respell breaks words into syllables, separated by a hyphen. The syllable which carries the primary stress is written in capital letters. This key covers both British and U.S. English Simple Text Respell.

##### Consonants

b, d, f, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w and z have their standard English values

- gguy
- jjay
- yyore
- chchore
- khloch
- shshore
- ththaw
- dhthee
- zhbeige

##### Vowels

- atrap
- ahpalm
- airsquare
- arstart
- arrcarry (British only)
- awthought
- ayface
- a(ng)gratin
- edress
- eefleece
- eerdeer
- errmerry
- ikit
- ighpride
- irrmirror
- olot (British only)
- ohgoat
- oogoose
- oorcure
- orforce
- orrsorry (British only)
- owmouth
- oyvoice
- o(ng)salon
- ustrut
- uhletter
- urnurse
- urrhurry
- uufoot

## Forms

### Variant forms

(a) See zoo- comb. form and ‑philist comb. form
(b) Also

1. 1800s–1900s
   zo-ophilist

## Frequency

zoophilist typically occurs fewer than 0.01 times per million words in modern written English.

zoophilist is in frequency band 1, which contains words occurring fewer than 0.001 times per million words in modern written English. More about OED's frequency bands

Frequency data is computed programmatically, and should be regarded as an estimate.

### Frequency of zoophilist, n., 1840–2010

* Occurrences per million words in written English

Historical frequency series are derived from Google Books Ngrams (version 2), a data set based on the Google Books corpus of several million books printed in English between 1500 and 2010.

The overall frequency for a given word is calculated by summing frequencies for the main form of the word, any plural or inflected forms, and any major spelling variations.

For sets of homographs (distinct entries that share the same word-form, e.g. mole, n.¹, mole, n.², mole, n.³, etc.), we have estimated the frequency of each homograph entry as a fraction of the total Ngrams frequency for the word-form. This may result in inaccuracies.

Smoothing has been applied to series for lower-frequency words, using a moving-average algorithm. This reduces short-term fluctuations, which may be produced by variability in the content of the Google Books corpus.

Decade | Frequency per million words
--- | ---
1840 | 0.00005
1850 | 0.0002
1860 | 0.0003
1870 | 0.0005
1880 | 0.0009
1890 | 0.0013
1900 | 0.0015
1910 | 0.0016
1920 | 0.0016
1930 | 0.0015
1940 | 0.0013
1950 | 0.0008
1960 | 0.0005
1970 | 0.0005
1980 | 0.0003
1990 | 0.0003
2000 | 0.0003
2010 | 0.0003

Originally published as part of the entry for zoophile, n.

zoophilist, n. was revised in June 2017.

zoophilist, n. was last modified in July 2023.