zinkenoun
Factsheet
What does the noun zinke mean?
There are two meanings listed in OED's entry for the noun zinke. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definitions, usage, and quotation evidence.
zinke has developed meanings and uses in subjects including
How common is the noun zinke?
| 1810 | 0.0004 |
| 1820 | 0.0003 |
| 1830 | 0.0002 |
| 1840 | 0.0002 |
| 1850 | 0 |
| 1860 | 0.00005 |
| 1870 | 0.00005 |
| 1880 | 0.0001 |
| 1890 | 0.0003 |
| 1900 | 0.0008 |
| 1910 | 0.0013 |
| 1920 | 0.0015 |
| 1930 | 0.0014 |
| 1940 | 0.0016 |
| 1950 | 0.0015 |
| 1960 | 0.0014 |
| 1970 | 0.0009 |
| 1980 | 0.0004 |
| 1990 | 0.0003 |
| 2000 | 0.0003 |
| 2010 | 0.0002 |
How is the noun zinke pronounced?
British English
U.S. English
Where does the noun zinke come from?
Earliest known use
late 1700s
The earliest known use of the noun zinke is in the late 1700s.
OED's earliest evidence for zinke is from 1773, in the writing of Charles Burney, musician and author.
zinke is a borrowing from German.
Etymons: German Zinke, Zink.
Nearby entries
- zingiber, n.?1720–
- zingiberaceous, adj.1821–
- zingily, adv.1951–
- zinginess, n.1938–
- zinging, n.1921–
- zinging, adj.1915–
- zingingly, adv.1952–
- zingo, int.1906–
- zingy, adj.1938–
- Zinjanthropus, n.1959–
- zinke, n.1773–
- zinnia, n.1761–
- zinnober green, n.1879–
- zinnwaldite, n.1850–
- zino, n.1982–
- Zinovievite, adj. & n.1936–
- Zinoviev letter, n.1924–
- Zion, n.Old English–
- Zion Curtain, n.1951–
- Zioner, n.1681–1760
- Zionism, n.1896–
Etymology
Summary
Meaning & use
- 1.1773–An organ reed stop resembling a muted trumpet in tone.
- 1773
Pedals..15. Cink, 2 [feet]. A cornet, horn, or shawm. [English name] Octave Clarion.
C. Burney, Present State of Music in Germany vol. II. 308 - 1776
The organ at Haerlem is said to have sixty stops, many of them but little known to the English workmen, among which are the Bourdon, Gemsen-horn, the Quintadena, Schalmey, Dulciana, Buzain, and Zink.
J. Hawkins, General History Music vol. IV. i. x. 149 - 1935
The zincke and regal are reed stops of thin tone with curiously shaped resonators of very short length.
Organ January 141 - 2001
One of the most interesting reeds is the Zincke on the Ober Positiv—a short compass rank matching the scale of instrumental cornett.
Organists' Review May 107/1
society leisure the arts music musical instrument keyboard instrument organ [nouns] stop reed-stop specific- regal1555–In a pipe organ: an old reed stop made with various patterns of resonator which qualify the tone but do not noticeably control the pitch. Also…
- curtal1582–1876An obsolete musical instrument, a kind of bassoon; also an organ stop of similar quality of tone; also double curtal.
- trumpet1659–Something of the nature of or resembling a trumpet. A reed-stop on the organ, of powerful tone resembling that of a trumpet.
- cremona1660–An organ reed-stop of 8-foot tone.
- cromorne1694–A reed-stop on an organ; = krummhorn, n., cremona, n.²
- hautboyc1700–A reed-stop on an organ: = oboe, n.¹ 2.
- horn1722–An 8-foot reed-stop on an organ.
- serpent1730–A bass wind instrument of deep tone, about 8 feet long, made of wood covered with leather and formed with three U-shaped turns. (The instrument…
- bombarde1768–A bass reed stop on the organ, characterized by its loud, powerful sound and brassy timbre. Cf. bombardon, n. 3.
- dulcian1773–Either of two different types of organ stop; spec. (a) a soft flue stop; = dulciana, n. (now rare); (b) a soft reed stop of 8' or 16' tone…
- zinke1773–An organ reed stop resembling a muted trumpet in tone.
- trumpet stop1795–(In trumpet, n. 2a.)
- musette1825–An organ stop consisting of reed pipes with conical resonators, used in French organs of the 17th and 18th centuries.
- fagotto1832–An organ stop having a tone resembling that of the bassoon. Cf. bassoon, n. 2a.
- oboe1834–An organ reed stop imitating the oboe's penetrating tone; = hautboy, n. 1c.
- trombone1837–Music. A reed-stop in the organ of similar tone.
- physharmonica1838–An early form of harmonium, in which metal springs are set in vibration by a current of air. Also: a kind of reed stop on the organ, imitating the…
- cornopean1840–An 8-ft. reed-stop on an organ.
- ophicleide1842–A powerful reed stop on the organ, a variety of the tuba.
- posaune1843–An organ reed stop resembling a trombone in tone.
- bombardon1852–A bass reed stop on the organ, having a loud, powerful sound and a brassy timbre. Cf. bombarde, n. 1.
- button regal1852–81An organ reed stop consisting of a short, narrow cylinder topped with a hollow, perforated, ball-shaped knob, used in German organs of the 18th cent.
- shawm1852–transferred. An organ stop resembling the shawm in quality of sound.
- vox angelica1852–Any of various types of organ stop producing a tone supposedly suggestive of the voices of angels; esp. one having an 8-foot pitch and two pipes…
- busaun1855–76= posaune, n. 2. Obsolete.
- tuba1858–Music. An 8-foot high-pressure reed-stop in an organ.
- clarinet1876–An organ stop of a quality of tone like that of this instrument; = cremona, n.²
- rackett1876–Originally and usually rankett. An organ stop of the regal type, with short resonators and a soft tone, originally popular in the 16th cent., but…
- tenoroon1876–A reed-stop in an organ, resembling the oboe stop, but not extending below tenor C. Also applied to any stop not extending below tenor C; also attrib…
- clarionet1880–= clarinet, n. 2.
- krummhorn1880–An organ reed-stop of 8 ft. pitch, resembling the clarinet in tone; called also cromorne, n., and corruptly cremona, n.²
- 2.1776–A curved or straight wind instrument, mainly of the 15th to 17th centuries, made of wood or ivory, with a conical bore, finger holes, and usually a detachable mouthpiece. Cf. cornet n.1 I.1(b).
- 1776
Luscinius next exhibits the forms of four other wind instruments, namely, 1. the Ruspfeiff. 2. The Krumhorn. 3. The Gemsen horn. And 4. the Zincke.
J. Hawkins, General History Music vol. II. iv. iv. 452 - 1894
They had to sound the zinke at every hour, blow a signal on the horn, to warn the citizens of an enemy's approach, and raise the alarm in case of fire.
J. A. Kappey, Military Music i. 14 - 1917
A zinka (wind instrument) of the 17th century, made of ivory with ornamental mountings.
Museums Journal vol. 16 239 - 1983
These are the Zinke or cornetti, wooden instruments covered with leather, but blown with a mouthpiece.
N. Del Mar, Anat. of Orchestra (new edition) 336
- hornOld English–A wind instrument more or less resembling a horn in shape, and originally formed of the horn of some beast, now made of brass or other material…
- cornetc1440–†a. A wind instrument made from or resembling a horn; a horn (obsolete). b. Early Music. Now usually in the form cornett. A curved or straight wind…
- corn1477A musical instrument, a horn.
- mute cornet1637–A straight woodwind instrument, typically made of wood, horn, or ivory, with finger holes and an integral conical mouthpiece.
- zinke1776–A curved or straight wind instrument, mainly of the 15th to 17th centuries, made of wood or ivory, with a conical bore, finger holes, and usually a…
- cornetto muto1825–A name given to a straight wind instrument, mainly of the 15th to 17th centuries and typically made of wood, horn, or ivory, with finger holes, and…
- cornetto1857–A name given to a curved or straight wind instrument, mainly of the 15th to 17th centuries, made of wood or ivory, with a conical bore, finger…
- tooter1860–A horn or other wind-instrument.
- cornetto basso1895–A name given to a low-pitched wind instrument, mainly of the 15th to 17th centuries, made of wood or ivory, with a conical bore, finger holes, and…
Pronunciation
British English
U.S. English
Consonants
- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- ɬrhingyll
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing
Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence
Vowels
- iːfleece
- ihappy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- atrap, bath
- ɑːstart, palm, bath
- ɒlot
- ɔːthought, force
- ʌstrut
- ʊfoot
- uːgoose
- əletter
- əːnurse
- ɪənear
- ɛːsquare
- ʊəcure
- eɪface
- ʌɪpride
- aʊmouth
- əʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ãgratin
- ɒ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)
Other symbols
- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.
View the pronunciation model here.
Consonants
- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye*
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing
* /d/ also represents a 'tapped' /t/ as in
Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence
Vowels
- ifleece, happy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- ætrap, bath
- ɑlot, palm, cloth, thought
- ɑrstart
- ɔcloth, thought
- ɔrnorth, force
- ʊfoot
- ugoose
- əstrut, comma
- ərnurse, letter
- ɪ(ə)rnear
- ɛ(ə)rsquare
- ʊ(ə)rcure
- eɪface
- aɪpride
- aʊmouth
- oʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ɑ̃gratin
- æ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)
Other symbols
- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.
View the pronunciation model here.
Simple text respell breaks words into syllables, separated by a hyphen. The syllable which carries the primary stress is written in capital letters. This key covers both British and U.S. English Simple Text Respell.
Consonants
b, d, f, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w and z have their standard English values
- gguy
- jjay
- yyore
- chchore
- khloch
- shshore
- ththaw
- dhthee
- zhbeige
Vowels
- atrap
- ahpalm
- airsquare
- arstart
- arrcarry (British only)
- awthought
- ayface
- a(ng)gratin
- edress
- eefleece
- eerdeer
- errmerry
- ikit
- ighpride
- irrmirror
- olot (British only)
- ohgoat
- oogoose
- oorcure
- orforce
- orrsorry (British only)
- owmouth
- oyvoice
- o(ng)salon
- ustrut
- uhletter
- urnurse
- urrhurry
- uufoot
Forms
Inflections
Variant forms
α.
- 1700scink
- 1700s–zink (plural zinks)
β.
- 1700s–zincke
- 1800s–zinke
- 1900szinka
Frequency
zinke typically occurs fewer than 0.01 times per million words in modern written English.
zinke is in frequency band 1, which contains words occurring fewer than 0.001 times per million words in modern written English. More about OED's frequency bands
Frequency of zinke, n., 1810–2010
* Occurrences per million words in written English
Historical frequency series are derived from Google Books Ngrams (version 2), a data set based on the Google Books corpus of several million books printed in English between 1500 and 2010.
The overall frequency for a given word is calculated by summing frequencies for the main form of the word, any plural or inflected forms, and any major spelling variations.
For sets of homographs (distinct entries that share the same word-form, e.g. mole, n.¹, mole, n.², mole, n.³, etc.), we have estimated the frequency of each homograph entry as a fraction of the total Ngrams frequency for the word-form. This may result in inaccuracies.
Smoothing has been applied to series for lower-frequency words, using a moving-average algorithm. This reduces short-term fluctuations, which may be produced by variability in the content of the Google Books corpus.
| Decade | Frequency per million words |
|---|---|
| 1810 | 0.0004 |
| 1820 | 0.0003 |
| 1830 | 0.0002 |
| 1840 | 0.0002 |
| 1850 | 0 |
| 1860 | 0.00005 |
| 1870 | 0.00005 |
| 1880 | 0.0001 |
| 1890 | 0.0003 |
| 1900 | 0.0008 |
| 1910 | 0.0013 |
| 1920 | 0.0015 |
| 1930 | 0.0014 |
| 1940 | 0.0016 |
| 1950 | 0.0015 |
| 1960 | 0.0014 |
| 1970 | 0.0009 |
| 1980 | 0.0004 |
| 1990 | 0.0003 |
| 2000 | 0.0003 |
| 2010 | 0.0002 |