zircono-, comb. form

zircono
http://www.oed.com/dictionary/zircono_combform%3Ftab%3Dmeaning_and_use
Revised 2021

# zircono-combining form

## Earlier version

- zirconio- in OED Second Edition (1989)

## Factsheet

### Where does the combining form zircono- come from?

zircono- is of multiple origins. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Partly formed within English, by clipping or shortening.

Etymons: zirconium n., ‑o‑ connective.

### Nearby entries

1. zirconate, n. 1820–
2. zircon blue, n. & adj. 1928–
3. zircon earth, n. 1794–
4. zirconia, n. 1794–
5. zirconian, adj. 1802–
6. zirconic, adj. 1804–
7. zirconite, n. 1806–
8. zirconitic, adj. 1883–
9. zirconium, n. 1808–
10. zircon-like, adj. 1857–
11. zircono-, comb. form
12. zirconolite, n. 1957–
13. zircon-syenite, n. 1813–
14. zirconyl, n. 1887–
15. zirkelite, n. 1895–
16. zit, n. 1912–
17. zit cream, n. 1968–
18. zitella, n. a1660–
19. zit-face, n. 1974–
20. zit-faced, adj. 1971–
21. zither, n. 1831–

## Etymology

### Summary

Of multiple origins. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Partly formed within English, by clipping or shortening.
Etymons: zirconium n., ‑o‑ connective.
Partly (in α, β, and γ forms respectively) < zirc-, zirconi-, or zircon- (in zirconium n.) + ‑o‑ connective,

and partly (in δ forms) < zirconi- (in zirconium n.).

## Meaning & use

1. Forming words denoting compounds, molecules, etc., containing zirconium, as zirconofluoride (cf. fluozirconate at fluo- comb. form 1), zirconosilicate, etc.
   1. 1853

      > He [sc. Berzelius] then reduced zirconium from the zirco-fluoride of potassium by means of potassium.

      Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal vol. 54 12
   2. 1894

      > These salts are often called zircono-fluorides, or fluo-zirconates; they are better named zirconi-fluorides.

      H. F. Morley & M. M. P. Muir, Watts' Dictionary of Chemistry (revised edition) vol. IV. 859/1
   3. 1927

      > Laavenite is a monoclinic zircono-silicate of Ca, Mn, Na with some Ti, Ta, F, OH.

      N. H. Winchell & A. N. Winchell, Elements of Optical Mineralogy (ed. 2) vol. II. x. 245
   4. 1995

      > The synthesis and reactivity of zirconocycles, and their use in the synthesis of carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bonds.

      Chemistry in Britain October 792 (advertisement)
   5. 2000

      > The zirconio-alkylidene carbenoids are synthesized by allylzirconation of haloalkynes.

      A. Krueger in H. Hopt, Sci. of Synthesis (ed. 5) vol. XLIII. 488
   chemistry

## Pronunciation

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. If the subsequent element is an existing word, it is likely to retain its original stress pattern, e.g. zirconosilicate

### British English

/ˌzəːkənəʊˈsɪlᵻkət/
zur-kuh-noh-SIL-uh-kuht
/ˌzəːkənəʊˈsɪlᵻkeɪt/
zur-kuh-noh-SIL-uh-kayt

### U.S. English

/zərˌkɑnoʊˈsɪləˌkeɪt/
zuhr-kah-noh-SIL-uh-kayt
/zərˌkɑnoʊˈsɪləkət/
zuhr-kah-noh-SIL-uh-kuht

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- ɬrhingyll
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛtl/ but /ˈpɛtl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- iːfleece
- ihappy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- atrap, bath
- ɑːstart, palm, bath
- ɒlot
- ɔːthought, force
- ʌstrut
- ʊfoot
- uːgoose
- əletter
- əːnurse
- ɪənear
- ɛːsquare
- ʊəcure
- eɪface
- ʌɪpride
- aʊmouth
- əʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ãgratin
- ɒ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye*
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

* /d/ also represents a 'tapped' /t/ as in

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛd(ə)l/ but /ˈpɛdl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- ifleece, happy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- ætrap, bath
- ɑlot, palm, cloth, thought
- ɑrstart
- ɔcloth, thought
- ɔrnorth, force
- ʊfoot
- ugoose
- əstrut, comma
- ərnurse, letter
- ɪ(ə)rnear
- ɛ(ə)rsquare
- ʊ(ə)rcure
- eɪface
- aɪpride
- aʊmouth
- oʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ɑ̃gratin
- æ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

####

Simple text respell breaks words into syllables, separated by a hyphen. The syllable which carries the primary stress is written in capital letters. This key covers both British and U.S. English Simple Text Respell.

##### Consonants

b, d, f, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w and z have their standard English values

- gguy
- jjay
- yyore
- chchore
- khloch
- shshore
- ththaw
- dhthee
- zhbeige

##### Vowels

- atrap
- ahpalm
- airsquare
- arstart
- arrcarry (British only)
- awthought
- ayface
- a(ng)gratin
- edress
- eefleece
- eerdeer
- errmerry
- ikit
- ighpride
- irrmirror
- olot (British only)
- ohgoat
- oogoose
- oorcure
- orforce
- orrsorry (British only)
- owmouth
- oyvoice
- o(ng)salon
- ustrut
- uhletter
- urnurse
- urrhurry
- uufoot

## Forms

### Variant forms

##### α.

1. 1800s–
   zirco-

##### β.

1. 1800s–
   zirconio-

##### γ.

1. 1800s–
   zircono-

##### δ.

1. 1800s–
   zirconi-

## Compounds & derived words

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1. zirconolite, n. 1957–
   Any of a group of very similar minerals which…

zircono-, comb. form was revised in March 2021.

zircono-, comb. form was last modified in December 2024.