<post-classical Latinzirbalis of or relating to the omentum (14th cent. in a British source; 1363 in Chauliac) <zirbus omentum (see zirbusn.) + classical Latin‑ālis‑alsuffix1.
Meaning & use
Anatomy and Surgery. Now historical and rare.
?a1425–
Of or relating to the zirbus (omentum). Occasionally also as n.: †the zirbus (obsolete). See zirbusn.
?a1425
Of hernia intestinale & zirboale [Latin zirbali].
translation of Guy de Chauliac, Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med. MS.) f. 6v (Middle English Dictionary)
a1450
Of greuauncis of þe..hipis & of þe parties þat proceden fro hem, as of rupture or hernia of þe guttis & of þe zirbal [?c1425 Paris MS. zirbus].
translation of Guy de Chauliac, Grande Chirurgie (Caius MS. 336/725) (1970) 32 (Middle English Dictionary)
1547
There be .iii. kyndes of ruptures, the fyrst is zirbale.
A. Borde, Breuiary of Helthei. f. Cxviiv
a1654
For when the Intestines, or Zirbus, doth pass thorow the Peretoneum, then it is either Intestinale or Zirbale.
N. Culpeper, School of Physick (1659) 210
2000
Berengario as a practical surgeon understands this to mean if the omentum reaches the air: to penetrate merely an interior membrane (as occurs in the zirbal rupture) is not necessarily to putrefy.
R. K. French, Ancients & Moderns in Med. Science x. 68
Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛtl/ but /ˈpɛtl̩i/.
Vowels
iːfleece
ihappy
ɪkit
ɛdress
atrap, bath
ɑːstart, palm, bath
ɒlot
ɔːthought, force
ʌstrut
ʊfoot
uːgoose
əletter
əːnurse
ɪənear
ɛːsquare
ʊəcure
eɪface
ʌɪpride
aʊmouth
əʊgoat
ɔɪvoice
ãgratin
ɒ̃salon
ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)
Other symbols
The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.
Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛd(ə)l/ but /ˈpɛdl̩i/.
Vowels
ifleece, happy
ɪkit
ɛdress
ætrap, bath
ɑlot, palm, cloth, thought
ɑrstart
ɔcloth, thought
ɔrnorth, force
ʊfoot
ugoose
əstrut, comma
ərnurse, letter
ɪ(ə)rnear
ɛ(ə)rsquare
ʊ(ə)rcure
eɪface
aɪpride
aʊmouth
oʊgoat
ɔɪvoice
ɑ̃gratin
æ̃salon
ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)
Other symbols
The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.
Simple text respell breaks words into syllables, separated by a hyphen. The syllable which carries the primary stress is written in capital letters. This key covers both British and U.S. English Simple Text Respell.
Consonants
b, d, f, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w and z have their standard English values