Zealander, n.²

zealander
http://www.oed.com/dictionary/zealander_n2%3Ftab%3Dmeaning_and_use
Revised 2018

# Zealandernoun2

## Factsheet

### What does the noun Zealander mean?

There is one meaning in OED's entry for the noun Zealander. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definition, usage, and quotation evidence.

### How common is the noun Zealander?

About 0.3occurrences per million words in modern written English

1770 | 0.25
1780 | 0.21
1790 | 0.24
1800 | 0.22
1810 | 0.26
1820 | 0.3
1830 | 0.38
1840 | 0.38
1850 | 0.41
1860 | 0.36
1870 | 0.34
1880 | 0.29
1890 | 0.28
1900 | 0.28
1910 | 0.28
1920 | 0.33
1930 | 0.36
1940 | 0.37
1950 | 0.35
1960 | 0.36
1970 | 0.31
1980 | 0.27
1990 | 0.25
2000 | 0.25
2010 | 0.24

### How is the noun Zealander pronounced?

#### British English

/ˈziːləndə/
ZEE-luhn-duh

#### U.S. English

/ˈziləndər/
ZEE-luhn-duhr

### Where does the noun Zealander come from?

Earliest known use

late 1700s

The earliest known use of the noun Zealander is in the late 1700s.

OED's earliest evidence for Zealander is from 1773, in the writing of W. Bayly.

Zealander is formed within English, by clipping or shortening.

Etymons: New Zealander n.

### Nearby entries

1. Z-bed, n. 1973–
2. Z-car, n. 1961–
3. Z-day, n. 1925–
4. Z-DNA, n. 1979–
5. ze, pron. 1864–
6. zea, n. 1562–
7. zeagonite, n. 1823–
8. zeal, n. a1382–
9. zeal, v. 1542–1687
10. Zealander, n.¹ 1663–
11. Zealander, n.²1773–
12. Zealandic, adj. 1807–
13. Zealandish, adj. 1684–
14. zealator, n. a1464–
15. zeal-blind, adj. 1615–1898
16. zeal-consuming, adj. 1629–1882
17. zealed, adj. 1679–1903
18. zealer, n.?a1450–1673
19. zealful, adj. 1602–
20. zeal-inflamed, adj. 1648–
21. zealing, adj. 1459–1602

## Etymology

### Summary

Formed within English, by clipping or shortening.
Short for New Zealander n.…
Short for New Zealander n.

### Notes

In form Zeelander probably after Zeelander n.

## Meaning & use

Now rare.

1. 1773–
   A native or inhabitant of New Zealand; (originally) spec. †a Māori person (obsolete). Cf. New Zealander n.
   1. 1773

      > The Zeelanders never eat greens of any kind.

      W. Bayly, Journal 12 April in R. McNab, Historical Records of New Zealand (1914) vol. II. 207
   2. 1821

      > Captain Thompson..went some years ago to New Zealand and when he was taking leave of the Zealanders one of their chiefs consented to accompany him to England.

      M. Edgeworth, Letter 7 December (1971) 288
   3. 1838

      > My contemplations more particularly rested on a crocodile, a Cupid, an albatross, a Zealander's head, a magpie, an Indian god..or a canoe.

      Fraser's Magazine February 152/2
   4. 1949

      > And persuaded an Aussie or Zealander or S. African To kneel with him in prayer.

      E. Pound, Pisan Cantos (new edition) lxxx. 92
   5. 2014

      > In the race the Zealander found that he had lost some 1500rpm, but he battled with Surtees' Honda until he suspected that there was something wrong.

      A. Pritchard, Grand Prix Ferrari 276/2
   1. Zealander 1773–
      A native or inhabitant of New Zealand; (originally) spec. †a Māori person (obsolete). Cf. New Zealander, n.
   2. New Zealander 1837–
      A native or inhabitant of New Zealand. Formerly also: spec. †a Māori person (obsolete).
   3. Maorilander 1892–
      A white New Zealander.
   4. Pig Islander 1909–
      Australian and New Zealand slang (frequently mildly derogatory). A native or inhabitant of New Zealand.
   5. Enzedder 1915–
      A New Zealander.
   6. dinkum 1916–
      An Australian or New Zealand soldier in the First World War (1914–18); an Anzac; spec. (frequently in plural, with the) a member of either the…
   7. Enzed 1916–
      A New Zealander.
   8. kiwi 1917–
      (With capital initial.) A New Zealander, esp. a New Zealand soldier; (also) a New Zealand sportsman. Also attributive.
   9. Aotearoan 1926–
      A native or inhabitant of Aotearoa (New Zealand).
   View in Historical Thesaurus
   1. Zealander 1773–
      A native or inhabitant of New Zealand; (originally) spec. †a Māori person (obsolete). Cf. New Zealander, n.
   2. pre-Adamite 1930–
      New Zealand History. A settler who arrived in Canterbury Province before the settlement of 1850.
   View in Historical Thesaurus
   1. New Zealander 1770–
      A native or inhabitant of New Zealand. Formerly also: spec. †a Māori person (obsolete).
   2. Zealander 1773–
      A native or inhabitant of New Zealand; (originally) spec. †a Māori person (obsolete). Cf. New Zealander, n.
   3. Māori a1837–
      A member of the Polynesian people who were the original inhabitants of New Zealand; a descendant of this people.
   4. nigger 1858–
      New Zealand (offensive). A Maori.
   5. tar pot 1867–
      New Zealand slang (derogatory and offensive). A Māori person. Cf. tar baby, n. 1b. Also (occasionally) Australian: (a name for) an Australian…
   6. moa-hunter 1870–
      A person who hunts moas; spec. a member of an early Māori culture in New Zealand, characterized by hunting moas.
   7. hori 1933–
      New Zealand and Australian. Now chiefly derogatory and offensive when used by non-Māori people. Also occasionally with capital initial. A Māori person.
   8. tar baby 1959–
      derogatory and offensive. New Zealand. A Māori person.
   View in Historical Thesaurus

## Pronunciation

### British English

/ˈziːləndə/
ZEE-luhn-duh

### U.S. English

/ˈziləndər/
ZEE-luhn-duhr

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- ɬrhingyll
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛtl/ but /ˈpɛtl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- iːfleece
- ihappy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- atrap, bath
- ɑːstart, palm, bath
- ɒlot
- ɔːthought, force
- ʌstrut
- ʊfoot
- uːgoose
- əletter
- əːnurse
- ɪənear
- ɛːsquare
- ʊəcure
- eɪface
- ʌɪpride
- aʊmouth
- əʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ãgratin
- ɒ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye*
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

* /d/ also represents a 'tapped' /t/ as in

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛd(ə)l/ but /ˈpɛdl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- ifleece, happy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- ætrap, bath
- ɑlot, palm, cloth, thought
- ɑrstart
- ɔcloth, thought
- ɔrnorth, force
- ʊfoot
- ugoose
- əstrut, comma
- ərnurse, letter
- ɪ(ə)rnear
- ɛ(ə)rsquare
- ʊ(ə)rcure
- eɪface
- aɪpride
- aʊmouth
- oʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ɑ̃gratin
- æ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

####

Simple text respell breaks words into syllables, separated by a hyphen. The syllable which carries the primary stress is written in capital letters. This key covers both British and U.S. English Simple Text Respell.

##### Consonants

b, d, f, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w and z have their standard English values

- gguy
- jjay
- yyore
- chchore
- khloch
- shshore
- ththaw
- dhthee
- zhbeige

##### Vowels

- atrap
- ahpalm
- airsquare
- arstart
- arrcarry (British only)
- awthought
- ayface
- a(ng)gratin
- edress
- eefleece
- eerdeer
- errmerry
- ikit
- ighpride
- irrmirror
- olot (British only)
- ohgoat
- oogoose
- oorcure
- orforce
- orrsorry (British only)
- owmouth
- oyvoice
- o(ng)salon
- ustrut
- uhletter
- urnurse
- urrhurry
- uufoot

## Forms

### Variant forms

1. 1700s
   Zeelander
2. 1800s–
   Zealander

## Frequency

Zealander typically occurs about 0.3 times per million words in modern written English.

Zealander is in frequency band 4, which contains words occurring between 0.1 and 1 times per million words in modern written English. More about OED's frequency bands

Frequency data is computed programmatically, and should be regarded as an estimate.

### Frequency of Zealander, n.², 1770–2010

* Occurrences per million words in written English

Historical frequency series are derived from Google Books Ngrams (version 2), a data set based on the Google Books corpus of several million books printed in English between 1500 and 2010.

The overall frequency for a given word is calculated by summing frequencies for the main form of the word, any plural or inflected forms, and any major spelling variations.

For sets of homographs (distinct entries that share the same word-form, e.g. mole, n.¹, mole, n.², mole, n.³, etc.), we have estimated the frequency of each homograph entry as a fraction of the total Ngrams frequency for the word-form. This may result in inaccuracies.

Smoothing has been applied to series for lower-frequency words, using a moving-average algorithm. This reduces short-term fluctuations, which may be produced by variability in the content of the Google Books corpus.

Decade | Frequency per million words
--- | ---
1770 | 0.25
1780 | 0.21
1790 | 0.24
1800 | 0.22
1810 | 0.26
1820 | 0.3
1830 | 0.38
1840 | 0.38
1850 | 0.41
1860 | 0.36
1870 | 0.34
1880 | 0.29
1890 | 0.28
1900 | 0.28
1910 | 0.28
1920 | 0.33
1930 | 0.36
1940 | 0.37
1950 | 0.35
1960 | 0.36
1970 | 0.31
1980 | 0.27
1990 | 0.25
2000 | 0.25
2010 | 0.24

Originally published as part of the entry for Zeelander, n.

Zealander, n.² was revised in June 2018.

Zealander, n.² was last modified in July 2023.