zooeciumnoun
Factsheet
What does the noun zooecium mean?
There is one meaning in OED's entry for the noun zooecium. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definition, usage, and quotation evidence.
How common is the noun zooecium?
| 1870 | 0.12 |
| 1880 | 0.16 |
| 1890 | 0.23 |
| 1900 | 0.24 |
| 1910 | 0.24 |
| 1920 | 0.28 |
| 1930 | 0.28 |
| 1940 | 0.27 |
| 1950 | 0.23 |
| 1960 | 0.15 |
| 1970 | 0.11 |
| 1980 | 0.095 |
| 1990 | 0.053 |
| 2000 | 0.025 |
| 2010 | 0.016 |
How is the noun zooecium pronounced?
British English
U.S. English
Where does the noun zooecium come from?
Earliest known use
1870s
The earliest known use of the noun zooecium is in the 1870s.
OED's earliest evidence for zooecium is from 1871, in Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science.
zooecium is a borrowing from Latin; modelled on a Swedish lexical item.
Etymons: Latin zooecium.
Nearby entries
- zoochory, n.1921–
- zoo-crazy, adj.1938–
- zoocultural, adj.1899–
- zooculture, n.1873–
- zoocytium, n.1880–
- zoodendrium, n.1880–
- Zoodikers, int.1749–98
- zoodynamic, adj.?1819–
- zoodynamics, n.1888–
- zooecial, adj.1873–
- zooecium, n.1871–
- zooerythrin, n.1871–
- zooflagellate, n. & adj.1911–
- zooful, n.1914–
- zoofulvin, n.1871–
- zoogamete, n.1879–
- zoogene, n.1820–69
- zoogenic, adj.1842–
- zoogeny, n.1826–
- zoogeographer, n.1868–
- zoogeographic, adj.1875–
Etymology
Summary
Meaning & use
- 1871–A layer of organic or mineral material that encloses an individual living or fossil bryozoan.
- 1871
The production of new polypides and eggs in empty zoœcia.
Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science vol. 11 156 - 1893
In addition he found giant cells (cistern cells) of form quite dissimilar from the ordinary zooecia.
American Naturalist vol. 27 1002 - 1927
The fertile zooecium then develops into an ovicell, which serves as a brood chamber for the developing embryos.
Quarterly Review of Biology vol. 2 402/2 - 1980
The basal part of the gut, or caecum, is attached to the zooecium by a strand of tissue, the funiculus.
W. D. Williams, Australian Freshwater Life v. 73 - 2010
The zooecia are well preserved.
Journal of Paleontology vol. 84 358/1
the world animals invertebrates subkingdom Metazoa grade Triploblastica or Coelomata phylum Polyzoa [nouns] member of individual of compound part of cuticle forming cell- zooecium1871–A layer of organic or mineral material that encloses an individual living or fossil bryozoan.
Pronunciation
British English
U.S. English
Plural: zooecia
British English
U.S. English
Consonants
- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- ɬrhingyll
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing
Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence
Vowels
- iːfleece
- ihappy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- atrap, bath
- ɑːstart, palm, bath
- ɒlot
- ɔːthought, force
- ʌstrut
- ʊfoot
- uːgoose
- əletter
- əːnurse
- ɪənear
- ɛːsquare
- ʊəcure
- eɪface
- ʌɪpride
- aʊmouth
- əʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ãgratin
- ɒ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)
Other symbols
- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.
View the pronunciation model here.
Consonants
- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye*
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing
* /d/ also represents a 'tapped' /t/ as in
Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence
Vowels
- ifleece, happy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- ætrap, bath
- ɑlot, palm, cloth, thought
- ɑrstart
- ɔcloth, thought
- ɔrnorth, force
- ʊfoot
- ugoose
- əstrut, comma
- ərnurse, letter
- ɪ(ə)rnear
- ɛ(ə)rsquare
- ʊ(ə)rcure
- eɪface
- aɪpride
- aʊmouth
- oʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ɑ̃gratin
- æ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)
Other symbols
- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.
View the pronunciation model here.
Simple text respell breaks words into syllables, separated by a hyphen. The syllable which carries the primary stress is written in capital letters. This key covers both British and U.S. English Simple Text Respell.
Consonants
b, d, f, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w and z have their standard English values
- gguy
- jjay
- yyore
- chchore
- khloch
- shshore
- ththaw
- dhthee
- zhbeige
Vowels
- atrap
- ahpalm
- airsquare
- arstart
- arrcarry (British only)
- awthought
- ayface
- a(ng)gratin
- edress
- eefleece
- eerdeer
- errmerry
- ikit
- ighpride
- irrmirror
- olot (British only)
- ohgoat
- oogoose
- oorcure
- orforce
- orrsorry (British only)
- owmouth
- oyvoice
- o(ng)salon
- ustrut
- uhletter
- urnurse
- urrhurry
- uufoot
Forms
Inflections
Variant forms
- 1800s–zooecium, zoœcium
Frequency
zooecium typically occurs about 0.06 times per million words in modern written English.
zooecium is in frequency band 3, which contains words occurring between 0.01 and 0.1 times per million words in modern written English. More about OED's frequency bands
Frequency of zooecium, n., 1870–2010
* Occurrences per million words in written English
Historical frequency series are derived from Google Books Ngrams (version 2), a data set based on the Google Books corpus of several million books printed in English between 1500 and 2010.
The overall frequency for a given word is calculated by summing frequencies for the main form of the word, any plural or inflected forms, and any major spelling variations.
For sets of homographs (distinct entries that share the same word-form, e.g. mole, n.¹, mole, n.², mole, n.³, etc.), we have estimated the frequency of each homograph entry as a fraction of the total Ngrams frequency for the word-form. This may result in inaccuracies.
Smoothing has been applied to series for lower-frequency words, using a moving-average algorithm. This reduces short-term fluctuations, which may be produced by variability in the content of the Google Books corpus.
| Decade | Frequency per million words |
|---|---|
| 1870 | 0.12 |
| 1880 | 0.16 |
| 1890 | 0.23 |
| 1900 | 0.24 |
| 1910 | 0.24 |
| 1920 | 0.28 |
| 1930 | 0.28 |
| 1940 | 0.27 |
| 1950 | 0.23 |
| 1960 | 0.15 |
| 1970 | 0.11 |
| 1980 | 0.095 |
| 1990 | 0.053 |
| 2000 | 0.025 |
| 2010 | 0.016 |
Compounds & derived words
- zooecial, adj. 1873–Of or relating to a zooecium or zooecia.
- heterozooecium, n. 1909–= heterozooid, n.