zetacismnoun
Factsheet
What does the noun zetacism mean?
There is one meaning in OED's entry for the noun zetacism. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definition, usage, and quotation evidence.
How is the noun zetacism pronounced?
British English
U.S. English
Where does the noun zetacism come from?
Earliest known use
1860s
The earliest known use of the noun zetacism is in the 1860s.
OED's earliest evidence for zetacism is from 1860, in a text by L. Tafel and R. L. Tafel.
zetacism is a borrowing from German.
Etymons: German Zetacismus.
Nearby entries
- zest, n.²1706
- zest, v.1702–
- zest, int.1705–22
- zester, n.1963–
- zestful, adj.1797–
- zestfully, adv.1843–
- zestiness, n.1912–
- zesty, adj.1826–
- zeta, n.¹?a1425–
- zeta, n.²1706–1860
- zetacism, n.1860–
- zeta function, n.1879–
- zeta-ic, adj.1840–1927
- zeta potential, n.1927–
- zetetic, adj. & n.1645–
- zetetical, adj. & n.1646–
- zetetically, adv.1665–
- Zetetical Society, n.1881–
- zetetics, n.1843–
- Zetland, n.1577–
- Zetlander, n.1614–
Etymology
Summary
Meaning & use
- 1860–The changing of another sound into the phoneme /z/ ; frequent use of this phoneme in spoken language. Also: use of the Greek letter ζ or Latin letter z in place of another letter in written language.
- 1860
On zetacism and the pronunciation of the Greek and Latin Z.
L. Tafel & R. L. Tafel, Latin Pronunc. & Latin Alphabet 157 (heading) - 1889
The tendency to Zetacism among the Ionians may be due to an admixture with the pre-Aryan population.
I. Taylor, Origin of Aryans v. §1. 260 - 1905
The reader may well be glad to be spared any German misprints, for the ‘Zetacism’ of the new official spelling of such words as ‘Okzident’ and ‘Zölibat’ is sufficiently trying.
Dublin Review July 190 - 1966
Schönfeld's Germanisch -þ- an der mittleren Elbe..deduced from dialectical zetacism and lambdacism of Germc. -þ-, [etc.].
Year's Work Modern Lang. Studies vol. 28 427 - 2014
The Italian text's zetacism..bears an uncanny, unhome-ly resemblance to contemporary features of Venetian and Ligurian dialects.
J. Scappettone, Killing Moonlight: Modernism in Venice iv. 259
the mind language speech conditions affecting speech or the ability to speak [nouns] other conditions or types of articulation- plateasm1656–1834The fault of opening the mouth too wide when speaking.
- tongue-tying1762–
- paraphonia1772–1896Alteration of the voice as a result of disease; dysphonia.
- lullaby-speech1822–attributive and in other combinations, as lullaby-song, lullaby-sound, lullaby-speech, lullaby-strain.
- cleft palate1847–Split or divided to a certain depth; bifurcate. cleft palate n. a congenital malformation of the palate, in which a longitudinal gap exists in…
- paralalia1848–Defective articulation of speech.
- logoneurosis1857–A nervous disorder causing defective memory of words.
- zetacism1860–The changing of another sound into the phoneme /z/; frequent use of this phoneme in spoken language. Also: use of the Greek letter ζ or Latin letter z…
- alogia1864–Inability, or loss of the ability, to speak, esp. as a result of defective intelligence or cerebral disease; (in later use) spec. reduction in the…
- lallation1864–An imperfect pronunciation of r, by which the sound of that letter is confused with that of l; lambdacism.
- lambdacism1864–A faulty pronunciation of the letter r, making it sound like l; lallation.
- semi-mute1864–Applied to those who, through deafness, speak only imperfectly.
- heterophemy1875–The saying or writing of one word or phrase when another is meant.
- agrammatism1877–Loss of the ability to use correct grammar; a form of aphasia characterized by this.
- bradyphrasia1877–Slowness of speech due to mental defect or disease.
- cluttering1877–The action of clutter, v., in various senses.
- heterophasia1877–= heterophemy, n. (as a result of mental disease).
- logopathy1877–A morbid affection of the speech (New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon).
- paragraphia1877–The substitution in written language of one word, syllable, or letter for another, usually as a sign of aphasia; an instance or example of this.
- paralexia1877–The substitution of a word, syllable, or letter for another in reading; an instance of this.
- paraphasia1877–Disordered speech characterized by unintentional substitution of incorrect words or syllables; an instance of this.
- paraphrasia1877–Incoherent or disordered speech; paraphasia.
- verbigeration1877–The persistent repetition of a sound, word, or phrase, esp. as a sign of a psychiatric or neurological disorder.
- recurring utterance1878–A word, phrase, or syllable whose repetition is the only speech production in certain types of aphasia.
- word blindness1878–The inability to understand written or printed words when seen, resulting from localized brain damage; = alexia, n.; (also, gen.) dyslexia.
- word deafness1878–The inability to understand the meaning of spoken words, owing to localized brain damage.
- scanning1887–Pathology. (Cf. scanning, adj. 2.)
- sigmatism1888–a. The marked use or repetition of s; an instance of this; b. defective articulation of sibilants.
- idioglossia1891–a. Medicine a form of dyslalia characterized by consistent substitution of speech sounds to such a degree that the affected person seems to speaking…
- staccato utterance1898–Pathology. staccato speech, staccato utterance: see scanning, adj. 2.
- word salad1904–Speech that is a disorderly, meaningless jumble of words, often containing neologisms, occurring esp. in advanced schizophrenia; (more generally)…
- palilalia1908–Disordered speech characterized by involuntary repetition of words, phrases, or sentences.
- paragrammatism1924–Incorrect use of grammatical or syntactical elements in certain forms of aphasia and other speech disorders; an instance of this.
- idiolalia1930–= idioglossia, n. (a).
- dysprosody1947–A speech disorder affecting inflection, stress, and rhythm, sometimes found in aphasic conditions.
- Broca's aphasia1959–Applied (chiefly in the possessive case) to anatomical features, etc., discovered by or named after Broca (see quots.). Broca's aphasia, motor…
Pronunciation
British English
U.S. English
Consonants
- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- ɬrhingyll
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing
Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence
Vowels
- iːfleece
- ihappy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- atrap, bath
- ɑːstart, palm, bath
- ɒlot
- ɔːthought, force
- ʌstrut
- ʊfoot
- uːgoose
- əletter
- əːnurse
- ɪənear
- ɛːsquare
- ʊəcure
- eɪface
- ʌɪpride
- aʊmouth
- əʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ãgratin
- ɒ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)
Other symbols
- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.
View the pronunciation model here.
Consonants
- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye*
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing
* /d/ also represents a 'tapped' /t/ as in
Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence
Vowels
- ifleece, happy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- ætrap, bath
- ɑlot, palm, cloth, thought
- ɑrstart
- ɔcloth, thought
- ɔrnorth, force
- ʊfoot
- ugoose
- əstrut, comma
- ərnurse, letter
- ɪ(ə)rnear
- ɛ(ə)rsquare
- ʊ(ə)rcure
- eɪface
- aɪpride
- aʊmouth
- oʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ɑ̃gratin
- æ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)
Other symbols
- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.
View the pronunciation model here.
Simple text respell breaks words into syllables, separated by a hyphen. The syllable which carries the primary stress is written in capital letters. This key covers both British and U.S. English Simple Text Respell.
Consonants
b, d, f, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w and z have their standard English values
- gguy
- jjay
- yyore
- chchore
- khloch
- shshore
- ththaw
- dhthee
- zhbeige
Vowels
- atrap
- ahpalm
- airsquare
- arstart
- arrcarry (British only)
- awthought
- ayface
- a(ng)gratin
- edress
- eefleece
- eerdeer
- errmerry
- ikit
- ighpride
- irrmirror
- olot (British only)
- ohgoat
- oogoose
- oorcure
- orforce
- orrsorry (British only)
- owmouth
- oyvoice
- o(ng)salon
- ustrut
- uhletter
- urnurse
- urrhurry
- uufoot