< the name of Friedrich Albert von Zenker (1825–98), German pathologist…
< the name of Friedrich Albert von Zenker (1825–98), German pathologist.
Notes
Zenker first described the type of degeneration (sense 1) in his monograph Über die Veränderungen der willkürlichen Muskeln im Typhus abdominalis (1864), and the type of diverticulum (sense 2) in a chapter (co-authored with H. von Ziemssen) in H. von Ziemssen Handbuch der speciellen Pathologie u. Therapie (1877) vol. VII. 51.
Meaning & use
1.
1872–
In the genitive, attributive, and with of, esp. in Zenker's degeneration. Designating a type of degeneration affecting skeletal and cardiac muscle, in which fibres lose their striations and appear uniformly eosinophilic.
Such degeneration was originally described in cases of typhoid fever, but also occurs in other infectious diseases and as a result of nutritional deficiency, toxin ingestion, etc.
1872
Here and there some of the fibres presented the advanced condition of the waxy degeneration of Zenker.
Transactions Clinical Soc. 1871–2vol. 5 214
1898
In Zenker's degeneration the muscular fibres themselves look dull and semi-opaque, and microscopically are found to have lost their striation.
W. S. Lazarus-Barlow, Manual General Pathology xii. 521
1900
The degeneration of the psoas muscle is quite analogous to the Zenker degeneration seen in typhoid fever.
Other findings in typhoid include..Zenker's degeneration of the abdominal muscles.
G. P. Wright et al., Systemic Pathologyvol. I. xvi. 525/1
2016
Cases were further confirmed to suffer from AM [= atypical myopathy] on the basis of..histopathological findings showing a multifocal process compatible with Zenker's degeneration and necrosis in fibres of postural and/or respiratory muscles.
Mitochondrionvol. 30 36/2
2.
1897–
In the genitive and attributive. Designating a type of diverticulum occurring at the junction of the pharynx and the oesophagus (pharyngo-oesophageal diverticulum).
This type of diverticulum has also been called pulsion diverticulum, although pressure within the oesophagus is probably only one factor in its development.
1897
Zenker's pressure diverticula arise from pressure from within, which causes a bulging outward of the œsophageal wall.
B. T. Tilton, translation of H. Tillmanns, Text-book Surgeryvol. II. 650
1932
The symptoms of a Zenker pulsion diverticulum depend on the size of the pouch.
Journal of American Medical Associationvol. 98 965/2
1975
A variety of neuromuscular disorders, with or without Zenker's diverticulum.
Year Book Ear, Nose & Throat 279
2015
The Zenker diverticulum typically arises from the posterior wall.
D. M. Yousem, Head & Neck Imaging (ed. 4) 142
Pronunciation
British English
/ˈzɛŋkə/
ZENG-kuh
/ˈtsɛŋkə/
TSENG-kuh
U.S. English
/ˈzɛŋkər/
ZENG-kuhr
/ˈtsɛŋkər/
TSENG-kuhr
Consonants
ppea
ttea
kkey
bbuy
ddye
ɡguy
tʃchore
dʒjay
ffore
θthaw
ssore
ʃshore
vvee
ðthee
zzee
ʒbeige
xloch
hhay
llay
ɬrhingyll
rray
wway
jyore
mmay
nnay
ŋsing
Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛtl/ but /ˈpɛtl̩i/.
Vowels
iːfleece
ihappy
ɪkit
ɛdress
atrap, bath
ɑːstart, palm, bath
ɒlot
ɔːthought, force
ʌstrut
ʊfoot
uːgoose
əletter
əːnurse
ɪənear
ɛːsquare
ʊəcure
eɪface
ʌɪpride
aʊmouth
əʊgoat
ɔɪvoice
ãgratin
ɒ̃salon
ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)
Other symbols
The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.
Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛd(ə)l/ but /ˈpɛdl̩i/.
Vowels
ifleece, happy
ɪkit
ɛdress
ætrap, bath
ɑlot, palm, cloth, thought
ɑrstart
ɔcloth, thought
ɔrnorth, force
ʊfoot
ugoose
əstrut, comma
ərnurse, letter
ɪ(ə)rnear
ɛ(ə)rsquare
ʊ(ə)rcure
eɪface
aɪpride
aʊmouth
oʊgoat
ɔɪvoice
ɑ̃gratin
æ̃salon
ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)
Other symbols
The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.
Simple text respell breaks words into syllables, separated by a hyphen. The syllable which carries the primary stress is written in capital letters. This key covers both British and U.S. English Simple Text Respell.
Consonants
b, d, f, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w and z have their standard English values