Ziegler-Natta, n.

ziegler-natta
http://www.oed.com/dictionary/ziegler-natta_n%3Ftab%3Dmeaning_and_use
First published 1986; not fully revised

# Ziegler-Nattanoun

## Earlier version

- Ziegler-Natta in OED Second Edition (1989)

## Factsheet

### What does the noun Ziegler-Natta mean?

There is one meaning in OED's entry for the noun Ziegler-Natta. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definition, usage, and quotation evidence.

#### Entry status

OED is undergoing a continuous programme of revision to modernize and improve definitions. This entry has not yet been fully revised.

### How common is the noun Ziegler-Natta?

About 0.01occurrences per million words in modern written English

1970 | 0.01
1980 | 0.012
1990 | 0.012
2000 | 0.012
2010 | 0.014

### How is the noun Ziegler-Natta pronounced?

#### British English

/ˌziːɡləˈnatə/
zee-gluh-NAT-uh

#### U.S. English

/ˌziɡlərˈnædə/
zee-gluhr-NAD-uh
/ˌziɡlərˈnɑdə/
zee-gluhr-NAH-duh

### Where does the noun Ziegler-Natta come from?

Earliest known use

1960s

The earliest known use of the noun Ziegler-Natta is in the 1960s.

OED's earliest evidence for Ziegler-Natta is from 1965, in a text by C. S. G. Phillips and R. J. P. Williams.

From proper names.

Etymons: proper name Ziegler, Natta.

### Nearby entries

1. ziamet, n. 1807–
2. ziarat, n. 1776–
3. zibeline, n. 1585–
4. zibet, n. 1594–
5. zibet-muff, n. 1685
6. zibib, n. 1836–
7. ziczac, n. 1844–
8. zidovudine, n. 1987–
9. Ziegfeld, n. 1913–
10. Ziegler, n. 1957–
11. Ziegler-Natta, n.1965–
12. Ziehl, n. 1892–
13. Ziehl-Neelsen, n. 1892–
14. ziff, n. 1917–
15. ZIFT, n. 1988–
16. zig, n. 1978–
17. zig, v. 1969–
18. Zigeuner, n. & adj. 1802–
19. Zigeunerin, n. 1845–83
20. ziggety, int., adj., & adv. 1924–
21. ziggurat, n. 1873–

## Etymology

### Summary

From proper names.
Etymons: proper name Ziegler, Natta.
< the names of K. Ziegler (see Ziegler n.) and Giulio Natta (1903–79), Italian chemist.

## Meaning & use

Chemistry.

1. 1965–
   Used attributively to designate any catalyst of the class including the Ziegler catalyst, consisting in general of a transition metal halide and a non-transition metal organic derivative, and used with any olefin monomer. So Ziegler-Natta catalysis.
   1. 1965

      > Whereas the ionic catalysts appear to be capable of general use with any unsaturated molecule,..Ziegler-Natta catalysts are usually employed in the polymerization of olefinic hydrocarbons—notably, ethylene and proplyene.

      C. S. G. Phillips & R. J. P. Williams, Inorganic Chemistry vol. I. x. 382
   2. 1974

      > The Ziegler-Natta catalysts include many mixtures of halides of transition metals, especially titanium, chromium, vanadium, and zirconium, with organic derivatives of nontransition metals, particularly alkyl aluminium compounds.

      Encyclopædia Britannica Micropædia vol. X. 880/3
   3. 1980

      > It has been suggested that Ziegler-Natta catalysis may involve metal-carbene formation.

      M. Orchin et al., Vocabulary of Organic Chemistry xiv. 535
   chemistry
   1. Ziegler 1957–
      Used attributively to designate a trialkyl aluminium-titanium tetrachloride catalyst discovered by Ziegler for the synthesis of stereoregular…
   2. Ziegler-Natta 1965–
      Used attributively to designate any catalyst of the class including the Ziegler catalyst, consisting in general of a transition metal halide and a…
   View in Historical Thesaurus

## Pronunciation

### British English

/ˌziːɡləˈnatə/
zee-gluh-NAT-uh

### U.S. English

/ˌziɡlərˈnædə/
zee-gluhr-NAD-uh
/ˌziɡlərˈnɑdə/
zee-gluhr-NAH-duh

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- ɬrhingyll
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛtl/ but /ˈpɛtl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- iːfleece
- ihappy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- atrap, bath
- ɑːstart, palm, bath
- ɒlot
- ɔːthought, force
- ʌstrut
- ʊfoot
- uːgoose
- əletter
- əːnurse
- ɪənear
- ɛːsquare
- ʊəcure
- eɪface
- ʌɪpride
- aʊmouth
- əʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ãgratin
- ɒ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye*
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

* /d/ also represents a 'tapped' /t/ as in

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛd(ə)l/ but /ˈpɛdl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- ifleece, happy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- ætrap, bath
- ɑlot, palm, cloth, thought
- ɑrstart
- ɔcloth, thought
- ɔrnorth, force
- ʊfoot
- ugoose
- əstrut, comma
- ərnurse, letter
- ɪ(ə)rnear
- ɛ(ə)rsquare
- ʊ(ə)rcure
- eɪface
- aɪpride
- aʊmouth
- oʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ɑ̃gratin
- æ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

####

Simple text respell breaks words into syllables, separated by a hyphen. The syllable which carries the primary stress is written in capital letters. This key covers both British and U.S. English Simple Text Respell.

##### Consonants

b, d, f, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w and z have their standard English values

- gguy
- jjay
- yyore
- chchore
- khloch
- shshore
- ththaw
- dhthee
- zhbeige

##### Vowels

- atrap
- ahpalm
- airsquare
- arstart
- arrcarry (British only)
- awthought
- ayface
- a(ng)gratin
- edress
- eefleece
- eerdeer
- errmerry
- ikit
- ighpride
- irrmirror
- olot (British only)
- ohgoat
- oogoose
- oorcure
- orforce
- orrsorry (British only)
- owmouth
- oyvoice
- o(ng)salon
- ustrut
- uhletter
- urnurse
- urrhurry
- uufoot

## Frequency

Ziegler-Natta typically occurs about 0.01 times per million words in modern written English.

Ziegler-Natta is in frequency band 3, which contains words occurring between 0.01 and 0.1 times per million words in modern written English. More about OED's frequency bands

Frequency data is computed programmatically, and should be regarded as an estimate.

### Frequency of Ziegler-Natta, n., 1970–2010

* Occurrences per million words in written English

Historical frequency series are derived from Google Books Ngrams (version 2), a data set based on the Google Books corpus of several million books printed in English between 1500 and 2010.

The overall frequency for a given word is calculated by summing frequencies for the main form of the word, any plural or inflected forms, and any major spelling variations.

For sets of homographs (distinct entries that share the same word-form, e.g. mole, n.¹, mole, n.², mole, n.³, etc.), we have estimated the frequency of each homograph entry as a fraction of the total Ngrams frequency for the word-form. This may result in inaccuracies.

Smoothing has been applied to series for lower-frequency words, using a moving-average algorithm. This reduces short-term fluctuations, which may be produced by variability in the content of the Google Books corpus.

Decade | Frequency per million words
--- | ---
1970 | 0.01
1980 | 0.012
1990 | 0.012
2000 | 0.012
2010 | 0.014

Ziegler-Natta, n. was first published in 1986; not fully revised.

Ziegler-Natta, n. was last modified in July 2023.