zoochemical, adj. & n.

zoochemical
http://www.oed.com/dictionary/zoochemical_adj%3Ftab%3Dmeaning_and_use
Revised 2017

# zoochemicaladjective & noun

## Factsheet

### What does the word zoochemical mean?

There are two meanings listed in OED's entry for the word zoochemical. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definitions, usage, and quotation evidence.

### How common is the word zoochemical?

Fewer than 0.01occurrences per million words in modern written English

1840 | 0.0021
1850 | 0.0018
1860 | 0.0016
1870 | 0.0015
1880 | 0.0015
1890 | 0.0005
1900 | 0.0004
1910 | 0.0003
1920 | 0.0002
1930 | 0.0001
1940 | 0.00006
1950 | 0.00007
1960 | 0.00005
1970 | 0.00005
1980 | 0.00004
1990 | 0.00004
2000 | 0.00005
2010 | 0.00004

### How is the word zoochemical pronounced?

#### British English

/ˌzuːə(ʊ)ˈkɛmᵻkl/
zoo-oh-KEM-uh-kuhl
/ˌzəʊə(ʊ)ˈkɛmᵻkl/
zoh-oh-KEM-uh-kuhl

#### U.S. English

/ˌzoʊəˈkɛmək(ə)l/
zoh-uh-KEM-uh-kuhl
/ˌzuəˈkɛmək(ə)l/
zoo-uh-KEM-uh-kuhl

### Where does the word zoochemical come from?

Earliest known use

1840s

The earliest known use of the word zoochemical is in the 1840s.

OED's earliest evidence for zoochemical is from 1844, in British & Foreign Medical Review.

### Nearby entries

1. zonure, n. 1883–
2. zoo, n. 1835–
3. zoo-, comb. form
4. zooarchaeological, adj. 1962–
5. zooarchaeologist, n. 1957–
6. zooarchaeology, n. 1967–
7. zoobenthos, n. 1923–
8. zoocarp, n. 1824–88
9. zoocaulon, n. 1881–
10. zoocentric, adj. 1882–
11. zoochemical, adj. & n.1844–
12. zoochemistry, n. 1835–
13. zoochlorella, n. 1882–
14. zoochore, n. 1904–
15. zoochorous, adj. 1904–
16. zoochory, n. 1921–
17. zoo-crazy, adj. 1938–
18. zoocultural, adj. 1899–
19. zooculture, n. 1873–
20. zoocytium, n. 1880–
21. zoodendrium, n. 1880–

## Etymology

After zoochemistry n.; compare German zoochemisch (1831 or earlier).

## Meaning & use

1. 1844–
   a. adj. Of or relating to zoochemistry (now rare); b. n.any of various types of biologically active compound found in animals or their products, esp. those which are thought to benefit health.
   1. 1844

      > We have a detailed account of the proximate elements which occur in Zoochemical inquiries.

      British & Foreign Medical Review vol. 17 426
   2. 1880

      > The pharmacist or physician who wishes to know the general properties of these zoochemical compounds.

      Pharmacist vol. 13 279
   3. 1932

      > Biochemists of to-day are utilizing their physico-chemical training in the study of phytochemical as well as zoöchemical kinetics.

      Journal of American Pharmaceut. Association vol. 21 360
   4. 1997

      > Chemical entities, such as phytochemicals and zoochemicals derived from edible plants and animal products.

      K. W. Rychlik & C. G. Greenwald in M. Yalpani, New Technol. for Healthy Foods & Nutraceuticals ii. 19
   5. 2014

      > Some phytochemicals and zoochemicals also have been linked to a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease.

      C. Byrd-Bredbenner et al., Perspectives in Nutrition i. 9
   animals
   1. zoochemical 1844–
      a. adj. Of or relating to zoochemistry (now rare); b. n.any of various types of biologically active compound found in animals or their products…
   2. palaeozoological 1866–
      Of or relating to palaeozoology.
   3. zoophysical 1868–
      †a. Of or relating to a life force or vital force; of or relating to animal magnetism (obsolete); b. of or relating to zoophysics (now rare).
   4. zoogeographic 1875–
      Of or relating to zoogeography; = zoogeographical, adj.
   5. ethological 1880–
      Zoology. Of or relating to the science of ethology (ethology, n. 4).
   6. faunological 1884–
      Of or pertaining to faunology.
   7. marine zoological 1885–
      Of or relating to marine zoology.
   8. zoometric 1892–
      Of or relating to zoometry.
   9. neontological 1896–
      Of or relating to neontology.
   10. zoomechanical 1897
       Of or relating to zoomechanics.
   View in Historical Thesaurus

## Pronunciation

### British English

/ˌzuːə(ʊ)ˈkɛmᵻkl/
zoo-oh-KEM-uh-kuhl
/ˌzəʊə(ʊ)ˈkɛmᵻkl/
zoh-oh-KEM-uh-kuhl

### U.S. English

/ˌzoʊəˈkɛmək(ə)l/
zoh-uh-KEM-uh-kuhl
/ˌzuəˈkɛmək(ə)l/
zoo-uh-KEM-uh-kuhl

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- ɬrhingyll
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛtl/ but /ˈpɛtl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- iːfleece
- ihappy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- atrap, bath
- ɑːstart, palm, bath
- ɒlot
- ɔːthought, force
- ʌstrut
- ʊfoot
- uːgoose
- əletter
- əːnurse
- ɪənear
- ɛːsquare
- ʊəcure
- eɪface
- ʌɪpride
- aʊmouth
- əʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ãgratin
- ɒ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye*
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

* /d/ also represents a 'tapped' /t/ as in

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛd(ə)l/ but /ˈpɛdl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- ifleece, happy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- ætrap, bath
- ɑlot, palm, cloth, thought
- ɑrstart
- ɔcloth, thought
- ɔrnorth, force
- ʊfoot
- ugoose
- əstrut, comma
- ərnurse, letter
- ɪ(ə)rnear
- ɛ(ə)rsquare
- ʊ(ə)rcure
- eɪface
- aɪpride
- aʊmouth
- oʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ɑ̃gratin
- æ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

####

Simple text respell breaks words into syllables, separated by a hyphen. The syllable which carries the primary stress is written in capital letters. This key covers both British and U.S. English Simple Text Respell.

##### Consonants

b, d, f, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w and z have their standard English values

- gguy
- jjay
- yyore
- chchore
- khloch
- shshore
- ththaw
- dhthee
- zhbeige

##### Vowels

- atrap
- ahpalm
- airsquare
- arstart
- arrcarry (British only)
- awthought
- ayface
- a(ng)gratin
- edress
- eefleece
- eerdeer
- errmerry
- ikit
- ighpride
- irrmirror
- olot (British only)
- ohgoat
- oogoose
- oorcure
- orforce
- orrsorry (British only)
- owmouth
- oyvoice
- o(ng)salon
- ustrut
- uhletter
- urnurse
- urrhurry
- uufoot

## Frequency

zoochemical typically occurs fewer than 0.01 times per million words in modern written English.

zoochemical is in frequency band 1, which contains words occurring fewer than 0.001 times per million words in modern written English. More about OED's frequency bands

Frequency data is computed programmatically, and should be regarded as an estimate.

### Frequency of zoochemical, adj. & n., 1840–2010

* Occurrences per million words in written English

Historical frequency series are derived from Google Books Ngrams (version 2), a data set based on the Google Books corpus of several million books printed in English between 1500 and 2010.

The overall frequency for a given word is calculated by summing frequencies for the main form of the word, any plural or inflected forms, and any major spelling variations.

For sets of homographs (distinct entries that share the same word-form, e.g. mole, n.¹, mole, n.², mole, n.³, etc.), we have estimated the frequency of each homograph entry as a fraction of the total Ngrams frequency for the word-form. This may result in inaccuracies.

Smoothing has been applied to series for lower-frequency words, using a moving-average algorithm. This reduces short-term fluctuations, which may be produced by variability in the content of the Google Books corpus.

Decade | Frequency per million words
--- | ---
1840 | 0.0021
1850 | 0.0018
1860 | 0.0016
1870 | 0.0015
1880 | 0.0015
1890 | 0.0005
1900 | 0.0004
1910 | 0.0003
1920 | 0.0002
1930 | 0.0001
1940 | 0.00006
1950 | 0.00007
1960 | 0.00005
1970 | 0.00005
1980 | 0.00004
1990 | 0.00004
2000 | 0.00005
2010 | 0.00004

Originally published as part of the entry for zoo-, comb. form

zoo-, comb. form was revised in June 2017.