zolotnik, n.

zolotnik
http://www.oed.com/dictionary/zolotnik_n%3Ftab%3Dmeaning_and_use
First published 1921; not fully revised

# zolotniknoun

## Earlier version

- zolotnik in OED Second Edition (1989)

## Factsheet

### What does the noun zolotnik mean?

There is one meaning in OED's entry for the noun zolotnik. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definition, usage, and quotation evidence.

#### Entry status

OED is undergoing a continuous programme of revision to modernize and improve definitions. This entry has not yet been fully revised.

### How common is the noun zolotnik?

Fewer than 0.01occurrences per million words in modern written English

1820 | 0.012
1830 | 0.01
1840 | 0.01
1850 | 0.0097
1860 | 0.0098
1870 | 0.011
1880 | 0.0077
1890 | 0.0073
1900 | 0.0079
1910 | 0.0077
1920 | 0.0071
1930 | 0.0058
1940 | 0.0052
1950 | 0.0048
1960 | 0.0042
1970 | 0.0034
1980 | 0.0027
1990 | 0.0026
2000 | 0.0024
2010 | 0.0023

### How is the noun zolotnik pronounced?

#### British English

/zɒlɒtˈnɪk/

### Where does the noun zolotnik come from?

Earliest known use

late 1700s

The earliest known use of the noun zolotnik is in the late 1700s.

OED's earliest evidence for zolotnik is from 1783, in the writing of Martyn.

zolotnik is a borrowing from Russian.

Etymons: Russian zolotník.

### Nearby entries

1. zoite, n. 1963–
2. -zoite, comb. form
3. zol, n. 1946–
4. Zolaesque, adj. 1886–
5. Zolaism, n. 1882–
6. Zolaist, n. 1886–
7. Zolaize, v. 1886–
8. Zollinger–Ellison syndrome, n. 1956–
9. Zöllner, n. 1890–
10. zollverein, n. 1843–
11. zolotnik, n.1783–
12. zombie, n. 1788–
13. zombie apocalypse, n. 1982–
14. zombied, adj. 1972–
15. zombie-esque, adj. 1946–
16. zombie-like, adj. & adv. 1932–
17. zombie worm, n. 2005–
18. zombification, n. 1968–
19. zombified, adj. 1965–
20. zombify, v. 1950–
21. zombocalypse, n. 2007–

## Etymology

### Summary

A borrowing from Russian.
Etymon: Russian zolotník.
< Russian zolotník, < zoloto gold.

## Meaning & use

Now Historical.

1. 1783–
   A former Russian unit of weight, \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{96}\) of the funt or Russian pound.
   1. 1783

      > Russia has some weights peculiar to itself: such as a solothnic, which is one-sixth of an ounce.

      Martyn in Geogr. Magazine vol. 2 40
   2. 1799

      > The solotnik is only reckoned at 19½ kopecks, whereas the solotnik of gold is valued at 2 rubles 50 kopecks.

      W. Tooke, View of Russian Empire vol. II. 532
   3. 1919

      > The Russian and Irak pound..was divided into 96 zolotniks, which was equal to the Attic drachma.

      Petrie in Man vol. XIX. 80
   measurement historical
   1. batman 1583–
      A unit of weight used in Russia and the former Ottoman Empire, varying greatly in value according to the locality.
   2. pood 1589–
      A Russian unit of weight, equal to 40 funt (Russian pounds) and equivalent to 16.4 kg (36 lb) approx.
   3. pud 1654–
      A child's word for: the hand or the forefoot of an animal; a little hand or paw. Now rare.
   4. zolotnik 1783–
      A former Russian unit of weight, […] of the funt or Russian pound.
   View in Historical Thesaurus

## Pronunciation

### British English

/zɒlɒtˈnɪk/

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- ɬrhingyll
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛtl/ but /ˈpɛtl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- iːfleece
- ihappy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- atrap, bath
- ɑːstart, palm, bath
- ɒlot
- ɔːthought, force
- ʌstrut
- ʊfoot
- uːgoose
- əletter
- əːnurse
- ɪənear
- ɛːsquare
- ʊəcure
- eɪface
- ʌɪpride
- aʊmouth
- əʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ãgratin
- ɒ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

## Forms

### Variant forms

Also 1700s solothnic, solotnik, solotnick.

## Frequency

zolotnik typically occurs fewer than 0.01 times per million words in modern written English.

zolotnik is in frequency band 2, which contains words occurring between 0.001 and 0.01 times per million words in modern written English. More about OED's frequency bands

Frequency data is computed programmatically, and should be regarded as an estimate.

### Frequency of zolotnik, n., 1820–2010

* Occurrences per million words in written English

Historical frequency series are derived from Google Books Ngrams (version 2), a data set based on the Google Books corpus of several million books printed in English between 1500 and 2010.

The overall frequency for a given word is calculated by summing frequencies for the main form of the word, any plural or inflected forms, and any major spelling variations.

For sets of homographs (distinct entries that share the same word-form, e.g. mole, n.¹, mole, n.², mole, n.³, etc.), we have estimated the frequency of each homograph entry as a fraction of the total Ngrams frequency for the word-form. This may result in inaccuracies.

Smoothing has been applied to series for lower-frequency words, using a moving-average algorithm. This reduces short-term fluctuations, which may be produced by variability in the content of the Google Books corpus.

Decade | Frequency per million words
--- | ---
1820 | 0.012
1830 | 0.01
1840 | 0.01
1850 | 0.0097
1860 | 0.0098
1870 | 0.011
1880 | 0.0077
1890 | 0.0073
1900 | 0.0079
1910 | 0.0077
1920 | 0.0071
1930 | 0.0058
1940 | 0.0052
1950 | 0.0048
1960 | 0.0042
1970 | 0.0034
1980 | 0.0027
1990 | 0.0026
2000 | 0.0024
2010 | 0.0023

zolotnik, n. was first published in 1921; not fully revised.

zolotnik, n. was last modified in December 2024.