zonedadjective
Factsheet
What does the adjective zoned mean?
There are nine meanings listed in OED's entry for the adjective zoned, one of which is labelled obsolete. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definitions, usage, and quotation evidence.
zoned has developed meanings and uses in subjects including
Entry status
OED is undergoing a continuous programme of revision to modernize and improve definitions. This entry has not yet been fully revised.
How common is the adjective zoned?
| 1750 | 0.0076 |
| 1760 | 0.0066 |
| 1770 | 0.0095 |
| 1780 | 0.013 |
| 1790 | 0.013 |
| 1800 | 0.014 |
| 1810 | 0.015 |
| 1820 | 0.013 |
| 1830 | 0.015 |
| 1840 | 0.019 |
| 1850 | 0.02 |
| 1860 | 0.022 |
| 1870 | 0.025 |
| 1880 | 0.026 |
| 1890 | 0.026 |
| 1900 | 0.032 |
| 1910 | 0.05 |
| 1920 | 0.075 |
| 1930 | 0.11 |
| 1940 | 0.15 |
| 1950 | 0.2 |
| 1960 | 0.23 |
| 1970 | 0.24 |
| 1980 | 0.23 |
| 1990 | 0.21 |
| 2000 | 0.18 |
| 2010 | 0.16 |
How is the adjective zoned pronounced?
British English
U.S. English
Where does the adjective zoned come from?
Earliest known use
mid 1600s
The earliest known use of the adjective zoned is in the mid 1600s.
OED's earliest evidence for zoned is from 1662, in the writing of Thomas Stanley, poet and classical scholar.
zoned is formed within English, by derivation.
Etymons: zone n., zone v., ‑ed suffix1.
Nearby entries
- zona radiata, n.1881–
- zona reticularis, n.1874–
- zonarious, adj.1656–
- zonary, adj.1881–
- zonate, adj.1866–
- zonated, adj.1803–
- zonation, n.1898–
- zone, n.a1500–
- zone, v.1792–
- zone centre | zone center, n.1934–
- zoned, adj.1662–
- zone defence | zone defense, n.1927–
- zone electrophoresis, n.1952–
- zone fossil, n.1904–
- zoneless, adj.1748–
- zonelet, n.1855–
- zone level, v.1974–
- zone leveller, n.1956–
- zone levelling, n.1953–
- zone-melt, v.1982–
- zone melting, n.1952–
Etymology
Summary
Meaning & use
- 1.1662
- 1662
Or else, by fiery Zone, he means the seat of the zoned Deities just above the Empyreal or corporeal Heaven.
T. Stanley, History of Chaldaick Philosophy 4
- zoned1662Located in a zone or region of the celestial sphere: = zonic, adj. Obsolete. rare.
- 2.1726–Wearing a zone or girdle. Hence, virgin, chaste.
- 1726
Fair-zon'd damsels.
W. Broome in A. Pope et al., translation of Homer, Odyssey vol. V. xxiii. 142 - 1829
A zoned and untainted innocence.
E. Bulwer-Lytton, Devereux vol. I. ii. ix. 244
- unknowna1382–Not known through personal experience or acquaintance; not familiar. Cf. know, v. II That has not experienced sexual intercourse; virginal; chaste…
- maidena1400–1647Chiefly of a woman: virgin. Obsolete.
- untouchedc1400–1680Not having had sexual connections; immaculate, chaste, undefiled. Obsolete.
- virgina1425–Of a person: that is a virgin (in various senses of branch A.I); esp. that has no sexual experience; that has abstained from sexual activity…
- undefiledc1450–Sexually pure or unpolluted; chaste.
- virginalc1450–Of a person: in a state of virginity; resembling a virgin, esp. in innocence, chastity, or purity.
- indeflore?a1513Not deflowered; chaste, inviolate.
- maidenly1530–gen. Of or relating to a maiden, or maidenhood. In early use: virginal.
- undeflowereda1533–(un-, prefix¹ affix 2.)
- virginly1548–Of the nature of a virgin; characteristic of, appropriate to, or belonging to a virgin; virginal.
- virgin-like1556–Of the nature of a virgin; characteristic of, appropriate to, or belonging to a virgin; virginal.
- untwight1558Untouched: intact.
- unravished1563–Not ravished.
- undeflore1568= indeflore, adj.
- unexperta1586–1623elliptical in special sense.
- vestal1595–Resembling a priestess of Vesta in respect of chastity; chaste, pure, virgin.
- virgineous1607–Characteristic of or appropriate to a virgin; virginal.
- virginian1613–1758Virginal; pure.
- unseduceda1616–(un-, prefix¹ affix 2, affix 9a.)
- indevirginate?1624–1822Undeflowered. Also figurative. Unsullied.
- zoned1726–Wearing a zone or girdle. Hence, virgin, chaste.
- virgie1930–= virgin, n. & adj.
- unlaid1962–slang. Of a person: that has not had sex; that has not succeeded in finding or attracting a sexual partner; (also) that has not been seduced into…
- honesta1400–Esp. of a woman: virtuous as regards sexual morality, chaste; virginal. archaic and rare after early 18th cent.
- virtuousa1600–Esp. of a woman: abstaining from immoral sexual activity; chaste; virginal. Cf. virtue, n. I.2c.
- zoned1726–Wearing a zone or girdle. Hence, virgin, chaste.
- straight1890–Of a woman: virtuous, chaste. Now rare.
- tight-assed1903–Of a woman: (see quot. 1903).
- 3.a.1794–Characterized by or arranged (naturally) in zones, rings, or bands.
- 1794
The zoned or tabulated form of the onyx.
R. J. Sulivan, View of Nature vol. I. 435 - 1816
A Crystal is..Zoned..when a row of facets is arranged around the middle part, thus forming a kind of zone or girdle. Example, Zoned calcareous-spar.
R. Jameson, Treatise on External Characters of Minerals (ed. 2) 208 - 1845
As a fifth source of variety [in wood] may be mentioned eyes, zoned spots, and curls.
G. Dodd, British Manufactures 4th Series 200
- 3.b.1792–Marked with zones, circles, or bands of colour.
- 1792
Auricularia ferruginea,..zoned above.
W. Withering, British Plants (ed. 2) vol. III. 433 - 1805
The Zoned Parrot.
G. Shaw, Vivarium Naturæ, or Naturalist’ s Misc. vol. XVI. pl. 657 - 1849
Zoned tetraspores exist in Rhod [ymenia] ciliata.
W. H. Harvey, British Marine Algæ 121 - 1874
With side handles of zoned alabaster.
S. Birch, 1st & 2nd Egypt. Rooms British Museum 31
- ring-straked1568–Having bands of colour round the body. Also more generally: having bands of colour.
- ring-streaked1647–= ring-straked, adj. Also in extended uses, and (U.S., chiefly derogatory) in ring-streaked-and-striped.
- ringled1776–Marked by circular bands or rings of colour.
- zoned1792–Marked with zones, circles, or bands of colour.
- ringly1800–= ringled, adj. 3. Now Scottish.
- zonated1803–
- ringy1843–Resembling a ring; marked with rings; having rings.
- zonate1866–Marked with zones, rings, or bands of colour; zoned.
- hooped1898–
- 4.a.1795–Arranged according to zones or definite regions.
- 1795
A zoned catalogue of the stars.
W. Herschel in Philosophical Transactions (Royal Society) vol. 85 384 - 1890
The spectra of the great nebulæ, like those of the ‘zoned’ stars, must be considered as integrating the results of emanations taking their rise under notably diverse circumstances.
A. M. Clerke, System of Stars v. 80
- zoned1795–Arranged according to zones or definite regions.
- 5.1921–Town Planning. Designated for a particular type of use or development. Originally U.S.
- 1921
A penalty is provided for violation of said ordinance with a mandate prohibiting departments of the city from issuing permits for erection of the forbidden buildings within such zoned district.
Michigan Rep. vol. 210 210 - 1939
Zoned residential, business, and industrial districts.
Florida: Guide to Southernmost State (Federal Writers' Project) iii. 396 - 1970
Paarl shopping centre. On 11000 sq. ft., zoned special business with free car park..in fast developing area.
Cape Times 28 October 20/3 (advertisement)
Additional sense (2002)
- slang (originally and chiefly U.S.). [Perhaps influenced by ozoned adj., zonked adj., or stoned adj.; though compare spaced adj.] Also with out.
- a.1971–Of a person: intoxicated by drugs or alcohol; (in extended use) characteristic of a person in such a state; weird, offbeat, surreal. Cf. zonked adj. 1.
- 1971
Zoned, drunk.
Current Slang (University South Dakota) vol. 6 11 - 1982
A well-turned hour of live, zoned-out comedy, which featured everything from Belushi to Bartok and raised the question, ‘Did the dinosaurs build Stonehenge?’.
Time (Nexis) 4 January 86 - 1985
A few are so doped they're zombies... You just about have to set a cherry bomb off under them to get their heads up because they're all zoned out.
U.S. News & World Report 1 April 68/2 - 1987
He was zoned, hung over, and exhausted already, and the contemplation of sex brought only unbearable images that quenched any desire.
N. Spinrad, Little Heroes 332 - 1991
Peppered with howler cameos, ranging from Deborah Harry's metallic-beehive moan with a screeching nails-on-a-blackboard voice to Pia Zadora's zoned-out hippie.
Boston Globe 27 December (Living section) 48/5 - 1994
Movies today can offer nothing to compare with the sight of sloe-eyed MM, stuffed into a skintight dress, lazily singing ‘Kiss’, as if she's zoned on downers.
Movieline January 88/2 - 2000
My mouth is dry and I'm zoned on hairy.
M. Hamid, Moth Smoke xiii. 232
- drunkenOld English–Overcome by liquor; intoxicated; = drunk, adj.
- fordrunkenOld English–1513Drunk, overcome with drink.
- cup-shottenc1330–1693= cup-shot, adj., being the earlier form.
- drunka1400–That has drunk intoxicating liquor to an extent which affects steady self-control; intoxicated, inebriated; overcome by alcoholic liquor. The degree…
- inebriate1497–Inebriated, drunken; intoxicated (literal and figurative). Often construed as past participle.
- overseenc1500–1854Drunk, intoxicated. Frequently in overseen with drink (also wine, etc.). Obsolete (British regional in later use).
- liquor1509–With reference to intoxicating effect. disguised with liquor = disguised, adj. 6.in liquor: in a state of intoxication. to be (the) worse for liquor…
- fou1535–Drunk, intoxicated. Cf. full, adj. A.3d.i.
- nase?1536–1612Drunken, intoxicated. Of liquor: intoxicating.
- full1554–Drunk, intoxicated. See also fou, adj. colloquial in later use.
- intoxicate1554–In a state of intoxication as a result of drinking alcohol, taking drugs, etc.; = intoxicated, adj. 3a. Now rare.
- tippled1564–1670Intoxicated, drunk.
- intoxicated1576–In a state of intoxication as a result of drinking alcohol, taking drugs, etc.; drunk.
- pepst1577Perhaps: drunk.
- overflown1579–= overflowed, adj.
- whip-cat1582–†a. adj. Drunken; b. n. (also whip-the-cat), a tailor or other workman who whips the cat.
- pottical1586–90Full of, or inspired by, alcohol.
- cup-shota1593–1699Overcome with liquor, intoxicated.
- fox-drunk1592(See quot.).
- lion-drunk1592–1634Said of a person in the second of the proverbial four stages of drunkenness, thought to be characterized by violent and quarrelsome behaviour.
- nappy1592–Chiefly English regional (northern) and Scottish. Slightly intoxicated or exhilarated by drink. Now rare.
- sack-sopped1593–
- in drink1598spec. Intoxicating alcoholic beverage. Hence in various phrases: Indulgence to excess in intoxicating liquor; habits of intemperance, drunkenness. in…
- disguiseda1600–Intoxicated; drunk, tipsy. archaic slang.
- drink-drowned1600–Intoxicated.
- daggeda1605–a. Wet with dew, drizzling rain, or a sprinkling of anything. b. slang. Drunk.
- pot-shotten1604–Intoxicated, drunk. Cf. pot-shot, adj.
- tap-shackled1604–09‘Fettered’ by drink, drunk.
- high1607–Excited by alcoholic drink, drunk, intoxicated. Also in extended use.
- bumpsy1611–81Drunk, intoxicated.
- foxed1611–Intoxicated, drunk, stupefied.
- in one's cups1611plural. The drinking of intoxicating liquor; potations, drunken revelry. in one's cups: †(a) While drinking, during a drinking-bout (also †amidst, a…
- liquored1611–
- love-pot1611Drunken.
- pot-sick1611–1872a. Drunk, intoxicated; b. (of a plant) pot-bound; cramped or starved of nutrient.
- whift1611Drunk, intoxicated.
- owl-eyed1613–
- fapa1616–1818Drunk, intoxicated.
- hota1616–Excited (originally with reference to the attendant increase in bodily heat). slang. Drunk, tipsy.
- inebriated1615–Intoxicated, drunken.
- reeling ripea1616–In such a state of intoxication as to be likely to stagger or reel. Cf. reeling drunk at reeling, adv.
- in one's (or the) pots: (while) drunk. Cf. in one's cups at cup, n. II.10.
- scratched1622slang. Drunk. Obsolete.
- high-flown?1624–Exceedingly great or intense; brought to a high pitch, elevated; elated. Formerly also: †intoxicated, drunk; cf. high, adj. A.III.19a (obsolete).
- pot-shot1627–1731Overpowered by drink; intoxicated, drunk.
- temulentive1628Drunken.
- ebrious1629–Immoderately fond of drinking alcohol; habitually drunk.
- temulent1629–Drunken, intoxicated; given to, characterized by, or proceeding from drunkenness; intoxicating.
- jug-bitten1630–Intoxicated.
- pot-shaken1630–71Drunk, intoxicated.
- cut in the leg1635–59slang. cut in the leg (also cut in the back): drunk, intoxicated. Obsolete.
- toxed1635
- bene-bowsiea1637In thieves' cant: Good. bene bowse n. good drink. bene-bowsie adj.
- swilled1637–Filled with liquor, inebriated, drunken.
- paid1638slang. Drunk, intoxicated. Obsolete. rare.
- soaken1651–Soaked, saturated; intoxicated.
- temulentious1652
- flagonal1653Of or pertaining to a flagon.
- fuddled1656–Intoxicated; also, muddled.
- nazzy1673–Intoxicated, slightly drunk.
- concerned1678–euphemistic. Having had too much to drink; the worse for drink; drunk. Frequently in concerned with (also in) drink (also liquor). Now rare.
- whittled1694
- cut1699–slang. Chiefly British. Drunk, intoxicated. Now frequently in three parts cut. Cf. half-cut, adj.
- suckey1699(See quot. 1699.)
- well-oiled1701–colloquial. (Very) tipsy; drunk. Also: characterized by or involving heavy drinking; drunken. Cf. well-lubricated at lubricated, adj. additions b.
- tippeda1708–Inclined, tilted; overturned, upset; †drunken (obsolete slang).
- tow-row1709Intoxicated (? ‘drunk and disorderly’). slang. Obsolete.
- wet1709–colloquial. Primed with liquor; more or less intoxicated. (Cf. wet, v. I.7b.)
- swash1711–Soft; also, fuddled.
- strut1718So full as to be swollen or distended. Also Scottish, intoxicated, ‘fou’. Also in combination strut-bellied adj.
- cocked1737–colloquial (chiefly U.S.). Drunk; intoxicated.
- cockeyed1737–Originally and chiefly North American. (Very) drunk; intoxicated. Cf. sense B
- jagged1737–Drunk, intoxicated.
- moon-eyed1737–slang (originally and chiefly U.S.). Intoxicated with drink; drunk. Now rare.
- rocky1737–Of a person. Tipsy, drunk. Now rare.
- soaked1737–Intoxicated. Frequently as second element of a compound.
- soft1737–1929regional. Drunk, inebriated. Obsolete.
- stewed1737–slang (originally U.S.). Drunk. Also in stewed to the ears (eyebrows, gills, etc.). Cf. pickled, adj. 2.
- stiff1737–Intoxicated, drunk. Cf. B.4c. U.S. slang. rare.
- muckibus1756Drunkenly sentimental or maudlin.
- groggy1770–Intoxicated. Also, characterized by drinking habits, bibulous.
- corned1785–slang. Intoxicated.
- befuddled1787–Originally: having lost the ability to think clearly or rationally due to consumption of alcohol; drunk. Later more generally: bewildered, confused…
- muzzeda1788–Confused or befuddled, esp. from alcohol.
- muzzya1795–Affected by alcohol; dazed or fuddled from drinking.
- slewed1801–Intoxicated.
- lumpy1810–slang. Intoxicated, drunk.
- lushy1811–Intoxicated, drunk. Also (U.S.) as n., a drunkard.
- pissed1812–Chiefly British. Drunk, intoxicated. Also with up.
- blue1813–figurative (probably from sense A.I.2). slang (originally U.S.). Of a person: intoxicated, drunk. Now rare.
- half-shaved1813–52Drunk, intoxicated; esp. moderately drunk, tipsy. Cf. half-cut, adj.
- in the wind1813–slang. Originally Nautical. Drunk, intoxicated.
- lush1819–(See quot. 1819.)
- malty1819–47humorous. Fond of or affected by malt beer; tipsy. Obsolete.
- sprung1821–slang. Drunk; intoxicated. Cf. well-sprung, adj. 1.
- obfuscated1822–Of a person or his or her faculties: confused, bewildered; †amazed, flabbergasted (obsolete); (U.S. slang) spec. befuddled with alcohol, intoxicated…
- moppy1823–slang, British regional, and Irish English. Drunk, tipsy. Cf. mop, n.⁴ 1c.
- ripe1823–slang. Drunk. Cf. sense A.6c. Now rare.
- cornya1825–Intoxicated, tipsy; = corned, adj.¹ dialect.
- mixed1825–93colloquial. Mentally confused, muddled; spec. (chiefly Scottish) somewhat befuddled with drink. Obsolete.
- toxified1825–colloquial. Of a person: intoxicated; drunk. Now rare.
- queer1826–Out of sorts; unwell; faint, giddy. Formerly also (slang): †sore, painful (obsolete); †drunk (obsolete).
- rosined1828–English regional. Intoxicated, drunk.
- shot in the neck1830–Transferred uses. slang. to shoot the cat: To vomit. shot in the neck (U.S.): drunk. to shoot one's grandmother (U.S.): see quot. 1855. to shoot the…
- tight1830–Drunk; tipsy. Cf. screwed, adj. 5. slang.
- rummy1834–Drunken, intoxicated; given to drinking.
- inebrious1837–Inebriated, drunken; addicted to alcohol.
- mizzled1840–Muddled, confused; intoxicated, drunk.
- obflisticated1840= obfuscated, adj. 2.
- grogged1842–Of persons: Overcome with grog; drunk.
- half-cut1842–Drunk, intoxicated; esp. moderately drunk, tipsy. Cf. cut, adj. 5b.
- pickled1842–figurative and in extended use. spec. colloquial. Drunk; drunken.
- swizzled1843–Drunk, ‘sozzled’; influenced or induced by heavy drinking.
- hit under the wing1844–hit under the wing (slang): intoxicated.
- obfusticatedc1844–= obfuscated, adj. 2; (frequently) spec. befuddled by alcohol.
- ebriate1847–Intoxicated; figurative.
- pixilated1848–Chiefly U.S. regional. Slightly crazed; bewildered, confused; fey, whimsical; (also) intoxicated.
- boozed1850–Intoxicated, drunk, fuddled. Also with up. Also transferred.
- ploughed1853–slang (now chiefly U.S.). Drunk.
- squiffy?1855–Intoxicated; drunk.
- buffy1858–Intoxicated, ‘squiffy’.
- elephant trunk1859–Drunk, also elliptical.
- moccasined1859–72U.S. slang. Drunk. Obsolete.
- scammered1859–Intoxicated, drunk.
- gassed1863–slang. Drunk; intoxicated.
- parlatic1863–Extremely intoxicated; (hence also) unable to think or act rationally or coherently. See paralytic, adj. A.2c.
- fly-blown1864–slang. Intoxicated, drunk.
- rotten1864–colloquial. slang (originally and chiefly Australian). Drunk. Frequently in to get rotten.
- shot1864–Drunk. slang (chiefly U.S., Australian, and New Zealand). Cf. shoot, v. IV.32d.
- ebriose1871–Drunk.
- shicker1872–Drunk; intoxicated.
- miraculous1879–Scottish and English regional (northern). Under the influence of alcohol; drunk, inebriated.
- under the influence1879–under the influence: affected by alcoholic liquor; intoxicated, drunk.
- charged1880–colloquial (originally U.S.). Drunk; intoxicated, under the influence of drugs. Now frequently with up.
- ginned1881–Drunk, intoxicated. Frequently with up.
- shickered1883–Drunk; intoxicated.
- boiled1886–Intoxicated. slang. Also as drunk as a boiled owl.
- mosy1887–regional (chiefly English regional (midlands)). Confused, bewildered; out of sorts; fuddled through drinking alcohol; foolish, stupid.
- to be loaded for bear(s), to be well prepared for an anticipated confrontation, opponent, emergency, etc.; to be ready for anything; also (jocular…
- squiffeda1890–Intoxicated, drunk.
- loaded1890–U.S. slang. Drunk.
- oversparred1890slang. Unsteady, as through intoxication. Obsolete.
- sozzled1892–Intoxicated, drunk; drunken.
- tanked1893–slang. Filled with (alcoholic) drink; intoxicated; occasionally transferred, drugged. Frequently with up. Also in tanked to the wide (cf. wide, n.)…
- orey-eyed1895–Quite drunk, intoxicated (used esp. with reference to a person's appearance). Also: bleary-eyed.
- up the (also a) pole1897–Drunk. Now rare.
- woozy1897–Dizzy or unsteady as when fuddled with drink; muzzy; ‘dotty’.
- inked1898–slang (Australian and New Zealand). Intoxicated, drunk. Now dated.
- toxic1899Brought on by drinking alcohol; intoxicated. Obsolete.
- polluted1900–slang (originally U.S.). Intoxicated, drunk; (also) under the influence of drugs.
- tin-hatted1901–Nautical slang. = tin hats, adj. Cf. tin hat, n. A.2, tin hat, adj. Now rare.
- lit-up1902–slang. Drunk, intoxicated; under the influence of alcohol or drugs. Cf. lit, adj.¹ 3.
- slang. on (also upon) one's ear: drunk.
- pie-eyed1903–Intoxicated with drink or drugs (originally with the implication of distorted vision).
- pifflicated1905–Drunk, intoxicated.
- piped1906–U.S. slang. Drunk, intoxicated; under the influence of drugs. Chiefly in predicative use. Cf. as drunk as a piper at piper, n.¹ phrases P.2.
- spiflicated1906–Intoxicated, drunk.
- jingled1908–Intoxicated, fuddled.
- skimished1908–Drunk.
- tin hat1909–slang (chiefly Nautical). = tin hats, adj. Cf. sense A.2, tin-hatted, adj. 1. rare.
- canned1910–slang. Drunk; intoxicated.
- tin hats1910–Drunk. Only in predicative use. Cf. tin hat, adj., tin-hatted, adj. 1.
- pipped1911–Drunk, intoxicated.
- lit1912–slang. Drunk, intoxicated; under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
- peloothered1914–Drunk, intoxicated.
- molo1916–Drunk, intoxicated.
- shick1916–= shicker, adj.
- zigzag1916–Military slang (chiefly U.S.). Drunk. Now rare.
- blotto1917–Fuddled with liquor, intoxicated.
- oiled-up1918–slang. Drunk; tipsy; = oiled, adj. 2.
- stung1919–Australian slang. Drunk. Cf. stunned, adj. 2.
- stunned1919–Australian and New Zealand slang. Drunk. Cf. stung, adj. 2.
- bottled1922–slang. Drunk; intoxicated.
- potted1922–Originally and chiefly North American slang. Under the influence of alcohol; drunk, intoxicated.
- rotto1922–Extremely drunk. Cf. rotten, adj. A.II.9b, blotto, adj.
- puggled1923–Exhausted, in a state of collapse; (also) wildly drunk.
- puggle1925–Military. Unable to think rationally or coherently; crazy. Cf. slightly earlier puggled, adj. Now rare.
- fried1926–Drunk. slang.
- crocked1927–Drunk; intoxicated.
- fluthered1927–Drunk, intoxicated.
- lubricated1927–slang. Affected by drink; inebriated, drunk (frequently in well-lubricated). Cf. oiled, adj. 2.
- whiffled1927–Intoxicated, drunk.
- liquefied1928–jocular. Intoxicated by drink.
- steamed1929–With up. Drunk, intoxicated. Rarely without up. slang.
- mirackc1930–= miraculous, adj. A.4.
- overshot1931–slang. Drunk, intoxicated. Cf. overshoot, v. I.3b.
- swacked1932–Drunk, intoxicated.
- looped1934–Intoxicated, drunk. slang (chiefly U.S.).
- stocious1937–Drunk, intoxicated.
- whistled1938–Drunk, (mildly) intoxicated. slang (originally Military).
- sauced1939–slang (originally U.S.). Intoxicated, drunk. Also (and earliest) in sauced up. Cf. sauce, n. II.6a.
- in the bag1940–U.S. slang. Drunk; intoxicated. half in the bag: moderately drunk.
- mashed1942–slang. Drunk. Later also: under the influence of drugs.
- plonked1943–Intoxicated, drunk. Also with up.
- stone1945–As adj., excited; intoxicated with drink or drugs, ‘stoned’. U.S. slang. rare.
- juiced1946–Drunk. Also const. up. slang.
- buzzed1952–slang (originally U.S.). Intoxicated or ‘high’ on alcohol or drugs; excited, thrilled, stimulated. Cf. buzz, n.¹ 2b.
- jazzed1955–In extended use. Frequently with up. North American colloquial. Of a person: excited, enthusiastic; (also) stimulated; intoxicated by alcohol or…
- schnockered1955–Drunk.
- bombed1956–slang. Of a person: intoxicated by alcohol or drugs; drunk, inebriated; high; (occasionally also) exhausted. Chiefly in predicative use, esp. in to…
- honkers1957–Drunk.
- skunked1958–Drunk, intoxicated. In later use also: under the influence of marijuana (cf. skunk, n. 3). Chiefly in predicative use.
- bombed-out1959–figurative. Of a person: intoxicated or incapacitated as a result of drinking alcohol or taking drugs; inebriated; drunk; high. Occasionally also…
- zonked1959–Intoxicated by drugs or alcohol; ‘stoned’. Frequently const. out. Also transferred and figurative.
- bevvied1960–Drunk, intoxicated.
- mokus1960–Drunk. Also: depressed.
- Mozart and Liszt1961–Drunk, intoxicated; = Brahms and Liszt, adj.
- snockered1961–Drunk, intoxicated. Cf. schnockered, adj.
- plotzed1962–Intoxicated; drunk.
- over the limit1966–over the limit: exceeding or having exceeded a stated bound or point, esp. a restriction on speed or the amount of alcohol in the blood when driving.
- wasted1968–Intoxicated (from drink or drugs). Chiefly used outside the U.K.
- wired1970–In extended use. Of a person. colloquial. Intoxicated or ‘high’ on drugs, esp. so as to become hyper or overstimulated. Hence: in a state of nervous…
- zoned1971–slang (originally and chiefly U.S.). Also with out. Of a person: intoxicated by drugs or alcohol; (in extended use) characteristic of a person in…
- blasted1972–Under the influence of drugs or alcohol, intoxicated. Cf. blast, v. I.6(b) slang (chiefly U.S.).
- Brahms and Liszt1972–Drunk, intoxicated. Cf. Mozart and Liszt, adj.
- funked up1976–Of a person: excited, thrilled, esp. by music; (sometimes also) stimulated; intoxicated by alcohol or drugs (sometimes perhaps as a euphemistic…
- trousered1977–slang (chiefly British and Irish English). Drunk, intoxicated. Frequently in to get trousered.
- motherless1980–South African slang. Drunk; intoxicated.
- tired and emotional1981–tired and emotional: jocular euphemism for ‘drunk’.
- ratted1982–British slang. Drunk, intoxicated. Chiefly in to get ratted. Cf. rat-arsed, adj.
- rat-arsed1984–Drunk, intoxicated; = ratted, adj.³
- wazzed1990–Drunk; = pissed, adj. 2.
- mullered1993–Drunk, extremely intoxicated.
- twatted1993–Drunk; intoxicated with alcohol or drugs.
- bollocksed1994–Drunk; intoxicated by alcohol or drugs.
- lashed1996–British slang. Drunk, intoxicated. Cf. on the lash at lash, n.¹ additions.
- Intoxicated.
- b.1980–Of a person: exhausted, burnt out; unresponsive, detached. Cf. zonked adj. 2.
- 1980
Zoned,..blitzed, exhausted, burned out.
L. Birnbach et al., Official Preppy Handbook 223/2 - 1981
Parents are quick to imitate their young and can be heard to exclaim they are ‘really psyched’ (carried away) or perhaps ‘zoned’ (exhausted).
Daily Telegraph 20 February 17/2 - 1988
You're zoned, Dad... It means you'll never be up on the current slang.
Sun (Brisbane) 30 November (Comics section) 41 - 1993
I've asked Bob Hope questions nobody else would..and there's no way of telling if he's just avoided answering them or he's too zoned out to understand.
H. Stern, Private Parts vi. 191 - 1996
As a result, a growing concern was that we were in danger of becoming a nation of zoned-out ‘couch potatoes’.
G. Scott, Can we Talk? ix. 223
- wearyOld English–Having the feeling of loss of strength, languor, and need for rest, produced by continued exertion (physical or mental), endurance of severe pain…
- asadc1306–20Satisfied, sated; hence, tired.
- ateyntc1325–Exhausted, overpowered.
- attaintc1325–1634Overcome with heat, weariness, or fatigue; overpowered, exhausted.
- recrayed1340–1500Physically or spiritually weary or weak; slothful, lazy.
- methefula1350Respectful, humane; moderate, temperate; gentle.
- for-wearya1375–
- matea1375–1540Exhausted, worn out; weak, faint.
- taintc1380Exhausted.
- heavy1382–‘Weighed down’ by sleep, weariness, or some physical depression or incapacity; hence, esp. weary from sleep, sleepy, drowsy.
- fortireda1400–Excessively wearied.
- methefula1400Weary, tired.
- afoundered?a1425–75Exhausted; lame; (also) numb.
- tewedc1440–
- travailedc1440–Wearied in body or mind as a result of hard work; afflicted by pain or suffering; troubled; harassed.
- wearisomec1460–1658Weary; showing signs of weariness. Obsolete.
- fatigate1471–1616Fatigued.
- defatigatec1487–1698Fatigued, exhausted, wearied. Chiefly as past participle. Cf. fatigate, adj.
- tired1488–Weakened or exhausted by exertion, etc.; fatigued, wearied; also, sick or weary of, impatient with… In the predicate. Also in slang phrase to make…
- dead1490–In hyperbolic use: extremely tired or debilitated; exhausted; physically or mentally overwhelmed. Also in figurative contexts. Cf. dead on one's feet…
- recreant1490Designating a person who admits to having been defeated or overcome; that yields or surrenders; in a… Tired, exhausted. Obsolete. rare.
- yolden?1507–1836Chiefly Scottish. Failed in strength; exhausted.
- fulyeit?a1513–79Exhausted, worn out.
- traiked?a1513–a. Wasted; worn out; b. of sheep or cattle: that has died a natural death; cf. braxy, n. & adj.
- wearied1538–(Excessively) fatigued; tired out. Also with out. Of a look, sigh: Expressive of or indicating weariness.
- fatigated1552–1632
- awearya1555–Tired, weary.
- overtired1567–Excessively tired; worn out.
- spenta1568–Of persons or animals: = sense I.3.
- done1575–Tired, exhausted; beaten, defeated; worn out, used up; incapacitated.
- awearied1577–Tired, weary. Cf. aweary, adj.
- stank1579–98Weary, faint, exhausted.
- languishinga1586–Suffering from or exhibiting weariness or ennui; (of movement) slow or languid. Also: uninteresting. Now somewhat rare.
- bankrupt?1589–figurative. Drained of mental, emotional, or physical resources; depleted, exhausted, empty.
- fordone1590–Exhausted, overcome, tired out. (See fordo, v. 7.)
- spent1591–Of persons or animals: Deprived of force or strength; tired or worn out by labour, exertion, hardship, etc.; completely exhausted.
- overwearied1592–Excessively wearied; tired out.
- overworn1592–Esp. of a person: worn out or exhausted by age, work, etc.
- beaten1593–Exhausted, fatigued, esp. from overwork. Later also: extremely dispirited, utterly dejected. Cf. beat, adj.¹ 2.
- outworn1597–Of a living being, faculty, etc.: exhausted as to physical vigour or vitality; spent. Cf. worn-out, adj. 2. Chiefly poetic.
- taverta1600–Fatigued or exhausted with wandering, or with toil or struggle; incoherent, confused, stupefied, stupid.
- half-dead1601That is in a state in which death seems as likely as recovery; showing some of the signs of death; barely alive. Also hyperbolically: extremely…
- tiry1611–97Tired, weary.
- defatigated1612–Weary, fatigued, exhausted.
- dog-wearya1616–= dog-tired, adj.
- overweary1617–Excessively weary; tired out; overcome with weariness.
- exhaust1621–1708= exhausted, adj. in various senses.
- harassed1633–1823Physically exhausted; fatigued, tired out. Obsolete.
- worn-out1639–Of persons, living things, etc.: Utterly exhausted and wasted in strength or vitality.
- embossed1651–58Of a hunted animal: Driven to extremity; foaming at the mouth from exhaustion. Also transferred of persons.
- outspent1652–Completely spent; exhausted.
- exhausted1667–Of persons or living things: Having one's strength, energy, etc. used up; tired out.
- bejaded1687–94
- jaded1693–Worn out or exhausted; fatigued; fagged out.
- lassate1694Tired, wearied.
- defeata1732–Extremely tired, exhausted; worn out. Now chiefly literary.
- beat out1758–Tired out, exhausted.
- fagged1764–Extremely tired; worn out.
- dog-tired1770–As tired as a dog after a long chase; worn out; utterly exhausted. Also: weary of something. Cf. dead tired at dead, adv. C.1a.
- fessive1773Wearied, fatigued.
- done-up1784–Disabled; worn out, tired out; ruined, defeated. Cf. to do up 4 at do, v. phrasal verbs 4.
- forjeskit1786–Jaded, tired out.
- ramfeezled1786–Worn out, exhausted; confused, muddled.
- done-over1789–1867Worn out, exhausted; beaten, defeated. Cf. to do over 4 at do, v. phrasal verbs 4. Obsolete.
- fatigued1791–(a) Wearied. (b) Strained by over-pressure.
- forfoughten1794–transferred. Wearied, over-fatigued.
- dead-beaten1807–Exhausted; excessively tired or fatigued.
- beat1811–colloquial. In predicative use. Tired out, completely exhausted, utterly fatigued. Cf. beaten, adj. 6.
- deadbeat1811–colloquial. Chiefly in form dead beat. Exhausted; excessively tired or fatigued.
- worn-up1812With adverb. (See also worn-out, adj.) worn-up (wear, v.¹ II.10b) = worn-out, adj. 2.
- out-burnta1821–Burnt out, exhausted.
- prostrate1820–figurative and in figurative contexts. In a state of physical exhaustion or complete weakness; unable to rise or exert oneself; debilitated. Now…
- told out1822–colloquial. told out: utterly exhausted; no longer capable of taking part in a race or other contest. Cf. to tell out 3 at tell, v. phrasal verbs…
- bone-tireda1825–Tired to the very bones; extremely tired, utterly exhausted; cf. bone, n.¹ compounds C.5.
- traiky1825–Weak, worn out, fatigued.
- dragged out1833–U.S. (regional or colloquial). Physically exhausted. Chiefly in predicative use.
- overfatigued1834–Excessively fatigued; overtired.
- outwearied1837–Tired out; exhausted.
- done like (a) dinner1838–Completely exhausted; spent. Chiefly with reference to horses.
- magged1839–colloquial and regional. Tired out, exhausted, jaded.
- used up1839–slang or colloquial. Thoroughly exhausted by physical exertion or hardship; tired out, fatigued.
- tuckered outc1840–transitive. To tire, to weary; usually tucker out; esp. in past participle tuckered out, worn out, exhausted.
- hattered1854–Exhausted; harassed; badly treated.
- drained1855–
- floored1857–Brought to the ground, overthrown; also figurative overpowered, done for.
- beat-up1861–Of a person: tired out, exhausted. Also: (visibly) injured or assaulted.
- weariful1862–Full of weariness; utterly fatigued. Of a person: Languid or affecting languor. Of a look, sigh, smile: Exhibiting or expressing weariness.
- wappered1868–Fatigued, wearied.
- bushed1870–Tired, exhausted. North American.
- bezzled1875? Wasted, spent, worn out, exhausted; muddled (with drinking).
- down1885–Having a lower score than one's opponent in a game, match, or competition; behind, losing. Frequently following a score, or specified number of…
- tucked up1891–tucked up (of a dog or horse): having the flanks drawn in from hunger, malnutrition, or fatigue; hence, tired out, exhausted. Cf. tucker, v.¹, tuc…
- Also in colloquial phrase ready (or fit) to drop: tired out, physically exhausted.
- buggered-up1893–Ruined, broken, damaged; (of a person) extremely tired, exhausted; confused.
- ground-down1897–With adverbs, as ground-down (also figurative, exhausted), ground-up.
- played1897–colloquial (originally U.S.). In predicative use: = played-out adj. at sense 2a.
- veal-bled1899–Bled to exhaustion, like a calf intended for veal.
- dragged1900–colloquial. Physically exhausted; (very) tired. Chiefly in predicative use. Cf. dragged out, adj. 1.
- stove-up1901–Run-down, exhausted; worn out; chiefly predicative of persons. North American slang.
- trachled1910–
- ragged1912–figurative. In a tired mood or condition; worn out, run down. Esp. in to run (a person) ragged (originally U.S.): to exhaust or debilitate (a…
- dead-o1914–Deeply asleep. In later use also: extremely tired; exhausted. Cf. dead, adj. A.II.11c.
- done in1917–Extremely tired, exhausted.
- stonkered1918–Originally Military. Extremely tired, exhausted.
- whacked1919–Tired out, exhausted.
- washy1922–Of a person: Lacking strength or stamina; weak, feeble, insipid; exhausted, washed-out; poor, mean, worthless. Now rare or Obsolete.
- pooped1928–Exhausted; worn out. Also pooped-out adj.
- shattered1930–colloquial. Extremely distressed or exhausted; upset, overcome.
- punchy1932–slang (chiefly U.S.). Punch-drunk. Also in extended use: in a state of nervous tension or extreme fatigue. Also as n.: a punch-drunk person (rare).
- shagged1932–Weary, exhausted. Also with out.
- shot1939–Of people: exhausted. slang (chiefly U.S.).
- whipped1940–North American slang. Exhausted, tired out. Also const. up.
- buggered1942–Ruined, spoiled; damaged; (of a person) extremely tired, exhausted.
- flaked (out)1942–to flake (out): to faint, fall asleep (from exhaustion, drunkenness, etc.). So flaked (out) participial adjective, exhausted; unconscious, asleep…
- fucked1949–coarse slang. Chiefly British. Exhausted; worn out.
- wiped1958–predicative. Chiefly with out. slang (originally U.S.). Reduced to a state of physical incapacity; exhausted, tired out.
- burnt out1959–burnt out. Of a leper: cured (see quot. 1959), esp. in burnt-out case. Also figurative (frequently with influence of sense 2a(a)).
- wrung out1962–wrung out: completely exhausted.
- juiced1965–Of a fruit, vegetable, etc.: that has had the juice extracted. Also figurative.
- hanging1971–colloquial. Hung-over; (also) exhausted, ill. Chiefly in predicative use.
- zonked1972–Exhausted, tired out.
- maxed1978–Of a person, thing, or its performance: stretched or challenged to the maximum degree; exerted or extended to the limit of capacity. Usually with out.
- raddled1978–Of a person, a face, etc.: showing signs of ageing, overindulgence, hard living, or disease; worn, worn out; wrinkled.
- zoned1980–slang (originally and chiefly U.S.). Also with out. Of a person: exhausted, burnt out; unresponsive, detached. Cf. zonked, adj. 2.
- fried1981–colloquial (originally U.S.). In predicative use: (of a person) very tired, exhausted from mental or physical effort; showing the effects of…
- cream crackered1983–‘Knackered’; extremely tired, exhausted; worn out.
- stuffed1985–Australian and New Zealand colloquial. In predicative use (of a person): tired, worn out; incapacitated by exhaustion.
- instrumental and locative, with participles and adjectives, forming adjectives, as back-broken, back-aching, back-breaking.
Pronunciation
British English
U.S. English
Consonants
- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- ɬrhingyll
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing
Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence
Vowels
- iːfleece
- ihappy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- atrap, bath
- ɑːstart, palm, bath
- ɒlot
- ɔːthought, force
- ʌstrut
- ʊfoot
- uːgoose
- əletter
- əːnurse
- ɪənear
- ɛːsquare
- ʊəcure
- eɪface
- ʌɪpride
- aʊmouth
- əʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ãgratin
- ɒ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)
Other symbols
- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.
View the pronunciation model here.
Consonants
- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye*
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing
* /d/ also represents a 'tapped' /t/ as in
Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence
Vowels
- ifleece, happy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- ætrap, bath
- ɑlot, palm, cloth, thought
- ɑrstart
- ɔcloth, thought
- ɔrnorth, force
- ʊfoot
- ugoose
- əstrut, comma
- ərnurse, letter
- ɪ(ə)rnear
- ɛ(ə)rsquare
- ʊ(ə)rcure
- eɪface
- aɪpride
- aʊmouth
- oʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ɑ̃gratin
- æ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)
Other symbols
- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.
View the pronunciation model here.
Simple text respell breaks words into syllables, separated by a hyphen. The syllable which carries the primary stress is written in capital letters. This key covers both British and U.S. English Simple Text Respell.
Consonants
b, d, f, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w and z have their standard English values
- gguy
- jjay
- yyore
- chchore
- khloch
- shshore
- ththaw
- dhthee
- zhbeige
Vowels
- atrap
- ahpalm
- airsquare
- arstart
- arrcarry (British only)
- awthought
- ayface
- a(ng)gratin
- edress
- eefleece
- eerdeer
- errmerry
- ikit
- ighpride
- irrmirror
- olot (British only)
- ohgoat
- oogoose
- oorcure
- orforce
- orrsorry (British only)
- owmouth
- oyvoice
- o(ng)salon
- ustrut
- uhletter
- urnurse
- urrhurry
- uufoot
Frequency
zoned typically occurs about 0.2 times per million words in modern written English.
zoned is in frequency band 4, which contains words occurring between 0.1 and 1 times per million words in modern written English. More about OED's frequency bands
Frequency of zoned, adj., 1750–2010
* Occurrences per million words in written English
Historical frequency series are derived from Google Books Ngrams (version 2), a data set based on the Google Books corpus of several million books printed in English between 1500 and 2010.
The overall frequency for a given word is calculated by summing frequencies for the main form of the word, any plural or inflected forms, and any major spelling variations.
For sets of homographs (distinct entries that share the same word-form, e.g. mole, n.¹, mole, n.², mole, n.³, etc.), we have estimated the frequency of each homograph entry as a fraction of the total Ngrams frequency for the word-form. This may result in inaccuracies.
Smoothing has been applied to series for lower-frequency words, using a moving-average algorithm. This reduces short-term fluctuations, which may be produced by variability in the content of the Google Books corpus.
| Decade | Frequency per million words |
|---|---|
| 1750 | 0.0076 |
| 1760 | 0.0066 |
| 1770 | 0.0095 |
| 1780 | 0.013 |
| 1790 | 0.013 |
| 1800 | 0.014 |
| 1810 | 0.015 |
| 1820 | 0.013 |
| 1830 | 0.015 |
| 1840 | 0.019 |
| 1850 | 0.02 |
| 1860 | 0.022 |
| 1870 | 0.025 |
| 1880 | 0.026 |
| 1890 | 0.026 |
| 1900 | 0.032 |
| 1910 | 0.05 |
| 1920 | 0.075 |
| 1930 | 0.11 |
| 1940 | 0.15 |
| 1950 | 0.2 |
| 1960 | 0.23 |
| 1970 | 0.24 |
| 1980 | 0.23 |
| 1990 | 0.21 |
| 2000 | 0.18 |
| 2010 | 0.16 |
Frequency of zoned, adj., 2017–2024
* Occurrences per million words in written English
Modern frequency series are derived from a corpus of 20 billion words, covering the period from 2017 to the present. The corpus is mainly compiled from online news sources, and covers all major varieties of World English.
Smoothing has been applied to series for lower-frequency words, using a moving-average algorithm. This reduces short-term fluctuations, which may be produced by variability in the content of the corpus.
| Period | Frequency per million words |
|---|---|
| 2017 | 0.067 |
| 2018 | 0.065 |
| 2019 | 0.074 |
| 2020 | 0.079 |
| 2021 | 0.082 |
| 2022 | 0.084 |
| 2023 | 0.091 |
| 2024 | 0.084 |
Compounds & derived words
- unzoned, adj. 1662–Not girt with a zone, belt, or girdle; uncinctured.
- circum zoned, adj. 1664–
- high-zoned, adj. 1777–
- tri-zoned, adj. 1840–
- zodiac-zoned, adj. 1856–
- purple-zoned, adj. 1862–