zoonosisnoun
Factsheet
What does the noun zoonosis mean?
There is one meaning in OED's entry for the noun zoonosis. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definition, usage, and quotation evidence.
How common is the noun zoonosis?
| 1870 | 0.0006 |
| 1880 | 0.0006 |
| 1890 | 0.0005 |
| 1900 | 0.0003 |
| 1910 | 0.0004 |
| 1920 | 0.0006 |
| 1930 | 0.0079 |
| 1940 | 0.027 |
| 1950 | 0.046 |
| 1960 | 0.068 |
| 1970 | 0.085 |
| 1980 | 0.099 |
| 1990 | 0.1 |
| 2000 | 0.1 |
| 2010 | 0.1 |
How is the noun zoonosis pronounced?
British English
U.S. English
Where does the noun zoonosis come from?
Earliest known use
1870s
The earliest known use of the noun zoonosis is in the 1870s.
OED's earliest evidence for zoonosis is from 1873, in American Journal of Medical Science.
zoonosis is a borrowing from French.
Etymons: French zoonose.
Nearby entries
- zoonerythrin, n.1882–
- zoonic, adj.1798–1853
- zooning, n.1885–
- Zoonist, adj.1890–97
- zoonite, n.1838–
- zoonitic, adj.1860–91
- zoonomic, adj.1836–
- zoonomical, adj.1800–
- zoonomist, n.1800–99
- zoonomy, n.1800–
- zoonosis, n.1873–
- zoonosologist, n.1860–
- zoonosology, n.1845–
- zoonotic, adj.1877–
- zoon politikon, n.1895–
- zoonters, int.a1763–
- zoo-organic, adj.1821–90
- zoopathologist, n.1898–
- zoopathology, n.1841–
- zoophagan, n. & adj.1835–
- zoophagic, adj.1903–
Etymology
Summary
Meaning & use
- 1873–A disease which can be transmitted naturally from animals to humans.
- 1873
The zoonoses are of course diseases derived from animals, and include glanders and hydrophobia.
American Journal of Medical Science vol. 65 442 - 1876
The zoonoses [German Zoonosen],..in which there is a transference between individuals of different species, and for the most part from animals to man.
J. Van Duyn & E. C. Seguin, translation of E. L. Wagner, Manual of General Pathology 132 - 1894
The post-mortem examination, and the bacteriological examination, showed that there was an infectious zoonosis.
Journal Laryngol., Rhinol., & Otol. vol. 8 169 - 1905
As in the other zoonoses, the best prophylaxis in man consists in the prevention of the distribution of the disease among animals.
J. C. Wilson, translation of A. Nicolaier, Infectious Dis. 894 - 1962
The Pan American Health Organization conducted a survey of the zoonoses in the Americas.
Tropical Health (Nat. Acad. Sci. Publ. 996) 156/1 - 1999
Recognition of the source of a zoonosis can be difficult.
Journal Epidemiol. & Community Health vol. 53 514/1 - 2013
The risk of toxoplasmosis and other cat-related zoonoses will be minimised by strict rules and regulations.
Independent 4 January 23/2
the world health ill health animal disease, disorder, condition, etc. [nouns] communicable or infectious- pantozootia1848= panzootic, n.
- panzooty1848–= panzootic, n.
- zoonosis1873–A disease which can be transmitted naturally from animals to humans.
- panzootic1890–A widespread outbreak of a disease affecting several kinds of animal. Cf. epizootic, n.
the world health ill health a disease, disorder, condition, etc. types [nouns] disease transmitted from animals to humans- zoonosis1873–A disease which can be transmitted naturally from animals to humans.
Pronunciation
British English
U.S. English
Plural: zoonoses
British English
U.S. English
Consonants
- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- ɬrhingyll
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing
Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence
Vowels
- iːfleece
- ihappy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- atrap, bath
- ɑːstart, palm, bath
- ɒlot
- ɔːthought, force
- ʌstrut
- ʊfoot
- uːgoose
- əletter
- əːnurse
- ɪənear
- ɛːsquare
- ʊəcure
- eɪface
- ʌɪpride
- aʊmouth
- əʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ãgratin
- ɒ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)
Other symbols
- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.
View the pronunciation model here.
Consonants
- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye*
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing
* /d/ also represents a 'tapped' /t/ as in
Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence
Vowels
- ifleece, happy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- ætrap, bath
- ɑlot, palm, cloth, thought
- ɑrstart
- ɔcloth, thought
- ɔrnorth, force
- ʊfoot
- ugoose
- əstrut, comma
- ərnurse, letter
- ɪ(ə)rnear
- ɛ(ə)rsquare
- ʊ(ə)rcure
- eɪface
- aɪpride
- aʊmouth
- oʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ɑ̃gratin
- æ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)
Other symbols
- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.
View the pronunciation model here.
Simple text respell breaks words into syllables, separated by a hyphen. The syllable which carries the primary stress is written in capital letters. This key covers both British and U.S. English Simple Text Respell.
Consonants
b, d, f, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w and z have their standard English values
- gguy
- jjay
- yyore
- chchore
- khloch
- shshore
- ththaw
- dhthee
- zhbeige
Vowels
- atrap
- ahpalm
- airsquare
- arstart
- arrcarry (British only)
- awthought
- ayface
- a(ng)gratin
- edress
- eefleece
- eerdeer
- errmerry
- ikit
- ighpride
- irrmirror
- olot (British only)
- ohgoat
- oogoose
- oorcure
- orforce
- orrsorry (British only)
- owmouth
- oyvoice
- o(ng)salon
- ustrut
- uhletter
- urnurse
- urrhurry
- uufoot
Forms
Inflections
Variant forms
- 1800s–1900szoönosis
- 1800s–zoonosis
Frequency
zoonosis typically occurs about 0.1 times per million words in modern written English.
zoonosis is in frequency band 4, which contains words occurring between 0.1 and 1 times per million words in modern written English. More about OED's frequency bands
Frequency of zoonosis, n., 1870–2010
* Occurrences per million words in written English
Historical frequency series are derived from Google Books Ngrams (version 2), a data set based on the Google Books corpus of several million books printed in English between 1500 and 2010.
The overall frequency for a given word is calculated by summing frequencies for the main form of the word, any plural or inflected forms, and any major spelling variations.
For sets of homographs (distinct entries that share the same word-form, e.g. mole, n.¹, mole, n.², mole, n.³, etc.), we have estimated the frequency of each homograph entry as a fraction of the total Ngrams frequency for the word-form. This may result in inaccuracies.
Smoothing has been applied to series for lower-frequency words, using a moving-average algorithm. This reduces short-term fluctuations, which may be produced by variability in the content of the Google Books corpus.
| Decade | Frequency per million words |
|---|---|
| 1870 | 0.0006 |
| 1880 | 0.0006 |
| 1890 | 0.0005 |
| 1900 | 0.0003 |
| 1910 | 0.0004 |
| 1920 | 0.0006 |
| 1930 | 0.0079 |
| 1940 | 0.027 |
| 1950 | 0.046 |
| 1960 | 0.068 |
| 1970 | 0.085 |
| 1980 | 0.099 |
| 1990 | 0.1 |
| 2000 | 0.1 |
| 2010 | 0.1 |
Frequency of zoonosis, n., 2017–2024
* Occurrences per million words in written English
Modern frequency series are derived from a corpus of 20 billion words, covering the period from 2017 to the present. The corpus is mainly compiled from online news sources, and covers all major varieties of World English.
Smoothing has been applied to series for lower-frequency words, using a moving-average algorithm. This reduces short-term fluctuations, which may be produced by variability in the content of the corpus.
| Period | Frequency per million words |
|---|---|
| 2017 | 0.024 |
| 2018 | 0.061 |
| 2019 | 0.068 |
| 2020 | 0.083 |
| 2021 | 0.091 |
| 2022 | 0.099 |
| 2023 | 0.082 |
| 2024 | 0.077 |
Compounds & derived words
- zoonotic, adj. 1877–Of or relating to a disease which can be…