< the name of the German astronomer and physicist, Johann Karl Friedrich Zöllner (1834–82).
Meaning & use
Psychology.
1890–
Used attributively and in the possessive to designate the optical illusion noted by Zöllner of parallel lines which, when marked with short diagonal lines, appear to converge. Now usually as Zöllner illusion.
1890
In what is known as Zöllner's pattern.., the long parallels tip towards each other the moment we draw the short slanting lines over them.
W. James, Principles of Psychologyvol. II. xx. 232
1911
Zoellner's Figure showing an illusion of direction.
In the Zöllner figure, the long lines, really parallel, seem to converge.
K. Dunlap, Elements of Scientific Psychology xiii. 295
1955
Zoellner illusion. The four horizontal lines are parallel.
H. E. Garrett, General Psychology v. 179 (caption)
1971
The Zöllner and Hering illusions are examples of phenomena in which the overall pattern dominates the geometry and leads to the perceptual distortion of straight lines into curved lines.
Journal of General Psychologyvol. 84 164
1980
The Zöllner illusion, which exhibits assimilation at extremely small angles and contrast at larger angles.
Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛtl/ but /ˈpɛtl̩i/.
Vowels
iːfleece
ihappy
ɪkit
ɛdress
atrap, bath
ɑːstart, palm, bath
ɒlot
ɔːthought, force
ʌstrut
ʊfoot
uːgoose
əletter
əːnurse
ɪənear
ɛːsquare
ʊəcure
eɪface
ʌɪpride
aʊmouth
əʊgoat
ɔɪvoice
ãgratin
ɒ̃salon
ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)
Other symbols
The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.