zingel, n.

zingel
http://www.oed.com/dictionary/zingel_n%3Ftab%3Dmeaning_and_use
Revised 2021

# zingelnoun

## Earlier version

- zingel in OED Second Edition (1989)

## Factsheet

### What does the noun zingel mean?

There is one meaning in OED's entry for the noun zingel. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definition, usage, and quotation evidence.

### How common is the noun zingel?

Fewer than 0.01occurrences per million words in modern written English

1820 | 0.0048
1830 | 0.0042
1840 | 0.0039
1850 | 0.0038
1860 | 0.0029
1870 | 0.002
1880 | 0.0016
1890 | 0.0014
1900 | 0.0012
1910 | 0.0009
1920 | 0.0005
1930 | 0.0008
1940 | 0.0007
1950 | 0.0008
1960 | 0.0008
1970 | 0.0009
1980 | 0.0009
1990 | 0.0011
2000 | 0.0008
2010 | 0.0008

### How is the noun zingel pronounced?

#### British English

/ˈtsɪŋ(ɡ)l/
TSING-guhl

#### U.S. English

/ˈtsɪŋ(ə)l/
TSING-uhl
/ˈtsɪŋɡ(ə)l/
TSING-guhl

### Where does the noun zingel come from?

Earliest known use

1800s

The earliest known use of the noun zingel is in the 1800s.

OED's earliest evidence for zingel is from 1803, in the writing of George Shaw, natural historian.

zingel is a borrowing from Latin.

Etymons: Latin zingel.

### Nearby entries

1. zines, int.?1701–10
2. zinester, n. 1986–
3. zinfandel, n. 1880–
4. zing, v. 1899–
5. zing, int. & n. 1875–
6. zingana, n.¹ 1883
7. zingana, n.² 1911–
8. Zingani, n. 1581–1879
9. Zingara, n. 1756–
10. Zingaro, n. 1600–
11. zingel, n.1803–
12. zingelin perch, n. 1803
13. zinger, n. 1906–
14. Zingg, n. 1941–
15. zingho, n. 1743
16. zingiber, n.?1720–
17. zingiberaceous, adj. 1821–
18. zingily, adv. 1951–
19. zinginess, n. 1938–
20. zinging, n. 1921–
21. zinging, adj. 1915–

## Etymology

### Summary

A borrowing from Latin.
Etymon: Latin zingel.
< scientific Latin zingel specific name (1766 in Perca zingel (Linnaeus); 1817 as genus name Zingel) < German Zingel (1575 or earlier, in Gesner), further origin uncertain: perhaps an extended use of…
< scientific Latin zingel specific name (1766 in Perca zingel (Linnaeus); 1817 as genus name Zingel) < German Zingel (1575 or earlier, in Gesner), further origin uncertain: perhaps an extended use of Zingel saddle girth, curtain wall (both already in Middle High German) < Old French, Middle French cengle saddle girth, curtain wall (see cingle n.).

Compare zingelin perch n.

## Meaning & use

1. 1803–
   Any of several bottom-dwelling freshwater fishes of the percoid genus Zingel, found in certain streams and rivers of western and central Europe; spec. Z. zingel of the Danube and Dniester river systems.
   1. 1803

      > Zingel Perch.

      G. Shaw, General Zoology vol. IV. 551
   2. 1829

      > The schill is likewise found in the Sprey and in the Hungarian lakes, and, according to Bloch, the zingel in the Rhone.

      H. Davy, Salmonia (ed. 2) ix. 275
   3. 1907

      > The Zingel, Zingel zingel (Linnaeus). Danube River.

      D. S. Jordan, Fishes xxxiii. 252 (caption)
   4. 2000

      > The zingel has 13–15 spines and 18–20 rays in the anterior and posterior dorsal fins respectively.

      J. F. Craig, Percid Fishes xiii. 260
   fish
   1. zingel 1803–
      Any of several bottom-dwelling freshwater fishes of the percoid genus Zingel, found in certain streams and rivers of western and central Europe; spec.…
   2. zingelin perch 1803
      A freshwater fish similar to the zingel.
   View in Historical Thesaurus

## Pronunciation

### British English

/ˈtsɪŋ(ɡ)l/
TSING-guhl

### U.S. English

/ˈtsɪŋ(ə)l/
TSING-uhl
/ˈtsɪŋɡ(ə)l/
TSING-guhl

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- ɬrhingyll
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛtl/ but /ˈpɛtl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- iːfleece
- ihappy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- atrap, bath
- ɑːstart, palm, bath
- ɒlot
- ɔːthought, force
- ʌstrut
- ʊfoot
- uːgoose
- əletter
- əːnurse
- ɪənear
- ɛːsquare
- ʊəcure
- eɪface
- ʌɪpride
- aʊmouth
- əʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ãgratin
- ɒ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye*
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

* /d/ also represents a 'tapped' /t/ as in

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛd(ə)l/ but /ˈpɛdl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- ifleece, happy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- ætrap, bath
- ɑlot, palm, cloth, thought
- ɑrstart
- ɔcloth, thought
- ɔrnorth, force
- ʊfoot
- ugoose
- əstrut, comma
- ərnurse, letter
- ɪ(ə)rnear
- ɛ(ə)rsquare
- ʊ(ə)rcure
- eɪface
- aɪpride
- aʊmouth
- oʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ɑ̃gratin
- æ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

####

Simple text respell breaks words into syllables, separated by a hyphen. The syllable which carries the primary stress is written in capital letters. This key covers both British and U.S. English Simple Text Respell.

##### Consonants

b, d, f, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w and z have their standard English values

- gguy
- jjay
- yyore
- chchore
- khloch
- shshore
- ththaw
- dhthee
- zhbeige

##### Vowels

- atrap
- ahpalm
- airsquare
- arstart
- arrcarry (British only)
- awthought
- ayface
- a(ng)gratin
- edress
- eefleece
- eerdeer
- errmerry
- ikit
- ighpride
- irrmirror
- olot (British only)
- ohgoat
- oogoose
- oorcure
- orforce
- orrsorry (British only)
- owmouth
- oyvoice
- o(ng)salon
- ustrut
- uhletter
- urnurse
- urrhurry
- uufoot

## Frequency

zingel typically occurs fewer than 0.01 times per million words in modern written English.

zingel is in frequency band 1, which contains words occurring fewer than 0.001 times per million words in modern written English. More about OED's frequency bands

Frequency data is computed programmatically, and should be regarded as an estimate.

### Frequency of zingel, n., 1820–2010

* Occurrences per million words in written English

Historical frequency series are derived from Google Books Ngrams (version 2), a data set based on the Google Books corpus of several million books printed in English between 1500 and 2010.

The overall frequency for a given word is calculated by summing frequencies for the main form of the word, any plural or inflected forms, and any major spelling variations.

For sets of homographs (distinct entries that share the same word-form, e.g. mole, n.¹, mole, n.², mole, n.³, etc.), we have estimated the frequency of each homograph entry as a fraction of the total Ngrams frequency for the word-form. This may result in inaccuracies.

Smoothing has been applied to series for lower-frequency words, using a moving-average algorithm. This reduces short-term fluctuations, which may be produced by variability in the content of the Google Books corpus.

Decade | Frequency per million words
--- | ---
1820 | 0.0048
1830 | 0.0042
1840 | 0.0039
1850 | 0.0038
1860 | 0.0029
1870 | 0.002
1880 | 0.0016
1890 | 0.0014
1900 | 0.0012
1910 | 0.0009
1920 | 0.0005
1930 | 0.0008
1940 | 0.0007
1950 | 0.0008
1960 | 0.0008
1970 | 0.0009
1980 | 0.0009
1990 | 0.0011
2000 | 0.0008
2010 | 0.0008

zingel, n. was revised in March 2021.

zingel, n. was last modified in July 2023.