zoogloeal, adj.

zoogloeal
http://www.oed.com/dictionary/zoogloeal_adj%3Ftab%3Dmeaning_and_use
Revised 2017

# zoogloealadjective

## Factsheet

### What does the adjective zoogloeal mean?

There is one meaning in OED's entry for the adjective zoogloeal. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definition, usage, and quotation evidence.

### How common is the adjective zoogloeal?

Fewer than 0.01occurrences per million words in modern written English

1890 | 0.0032
1900 | 0.0038
1910 | 0.004
1920 | 0.0045
1930 | 0.0057
1940 | 0.0061
1950 | 0.0065
1960 | 0.0054
1970 | 0.0046
1980 | 0.004
1990 | 0.0034
2000 | 0.0024
2010 | 0.002

### Where does the adjective zoogloeal come from?

Earliest known use

1870s

The earliest known use of the adjective zoogloeal is in the 1870s.

OED's earliest evidence for zoogloeal is from 1879, in Cyclopædia of Practice of Medicine.

### Nearby entries

1. zoogeny, n. 1826–
2. zoogeographer, n. 1868–
3. zoogeographic, adj. 1875–
4. zoogeographical, adj. 1864–
5. zoogeographically, adv. 1883–
6. zoogeography, n. 1851–
7. zoogeological, adj. 1841–
8. zoogeologist, n. 1844–
9. zoogeology, n. 1838–
10. zoogloea, n. 1861–
11. zoogloeal, adj.1879–
12. zoogloeic, adj. 1883–
13. zoogonic, adj. 1787–
14. zoogonidium, n. 1857–
15. zoogony, n. 1675–
16. zoograph, n. 1623
17. zoographer, n. 1646–
18. zoographic, adj. 1741–
19. zoographical, adj. 1651–
20. zoographically, adv. 1835–
21. zoographist, n. 1749–1874

## Meaning & use

Microbiology.

1. 1879–
   Of, relating to, or of the nature of a zoogloea.
   Stressed as ˌzooˈgloeal.
   1. 1879

      > We may find..bacteria, both free and in the zoöglœal form.

      Cyclopædia of Practice of Medicine vol. XVIII. 627
   2. 1934

      > Nitrosomonas species may appear in cultures in two forms—as zoögloeal masses which rest at the bottom of liquid cultures, in which the cells are non-motile; and as motile ‘swarmers’.

      A. T. Henrici, Biology of Bacteria xviii. 289
   3. 1976

      > Protozoa crawl about the zoogloeal mass and occur in the liquor; most are free-swimming or stalked ciliates.

      Annual Review of Microbiology vol. 30 265
   4. 2014

      > The material moves to a clarifier, where the zoogloeal mass settles.

      R. S. Jackson, Wine Science (ed. 4) viii. 656/1
   bacteria
   1. zoogloeal 1879–
      Of, relating to, or of the nature of a zoogloea.
   2. zoogloeic 1883–
      = zoogloeal, adj.
   3. symplastic 1916–
      Of or pertaining to a symplast or symplasm; symplastic growth, the expansion of a common wall between adjacent plant cells during cell enlargement.
   4. symplasmic 1923–
      Of or pertaining to (a) symplasm.
   5. symplasmatic 1974–
      Botany. = symplasmic, adj.
   View in Historical Thesaurus

## Frequency

zoogloeal typically occurs fewer than 0.01 times per million words in modern written English.

zoogloeal is in frequency band 2, which contains words occurring between 0.001 and 0.01 times per million words in modern written English. More about OED's frequency bands

Frequency data is computed programmatically, and should be regarded as an estimate.

### Frequency of zoogloeal, adj., 1890–2010

* Occurrences per million words in written English

Historical frequency series are derived from Google Books Ngrams (version 2), a data set based on the Google Books corpus of several million books printed in English between 1500 and 2010.

The overall frequency for a given word is calculated by summing frequencies for the main form of the word, any plural or inflected forms, and any major spelling variations.

For sets of homographs (distinct entries that share the same word-form, e.g. mole, n.¹, mole, n.², mole, n.³, etc.), we have estimated the frequency of each homograph entry as a fraction of the total Ngrams frequency for the word-form. This may result in inaccuracies.

Smoothing has been applied to series for lower-frequency words, using a moving-average algorithm. This reduces short-term fluctuations, which may be produced by variability in the content of the Google Books corpus.

Decade | Frequency per million words
--- | ---
1890 | 0.0032
1900 | 0.0038
1910 | 0.004
1920 | 0.0045
1930 | 0.0057
1940 | 0.0061
1950 | 0.0065
1960 | 0.0054
1970 | 0.0046
1980 | 0.004
1990 | 0.0034
2000 | 0.0024
2010 | 0.002

Originally published as part of the entry for zoogloea, n.

zoogloea, n. was revised in June 2017.