zoological garden, n.

zoological-garden
http://www.oed.com/dictionary/zoological-garden_n%3Ftab%3Dmeaning_and_use
Revised 2017

# zoological gardennoun

## Factsheet

### What does the noun zoological garden mean?

There is one meaning in OED's entry for the noun zoological garden. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definition, usage, and quotation evidence.

### How common is the noun zoological garden?

About 0.09occurrences per million words in modern written English

1820 | 0.03
1830 | 0.039
1840 | 0.051
1850 | 0.068
1860 | 0.093
1870 | 0.13
1880 | 0.16
1890 | 0.19
1900 | 0.21
1910 | 0.22
1920 | 0.22
1930 | 0.21
1940 | 0.19
1950 | 0.16
1960 | 0.13
1970 | 0.11
1980 | 0.098
1990 | 0.086
2000 | 0.079
2010 | 0.074

### How is the noun zoological garden pronounced?

#### British English

/ˌzuːəˌlɒdʒᵻkl ˈɡɑːdn/
zoo-uh-loj-uh-kuhl GAR-duhn
/ˌzəʊəˌlɒdʒᵻkl ˈɡɑːdn/
zoh-uh-loj-uh-kuhl GAR-duhn

#### U.S. English

/ˌzuəˌlɑdʒək(ə)l ˈɡɑrd(ə)n/
zoo-uh-lah-juh-kuhl GAR-duhn
/ˌzoʊəˌlɑdʒək(ə)l ˈɡɑrd(ə)n/
zoh-uh-lah-juh-kuhl GAR-duhn

### Where does the noun zoological garden come from?

Earliest known use

1820s

The earliest known use of the noun zoological garden is in the 1820s.

OED's earliest evidence for zoological garden is from 1827, in the Examiner.

zoological garden is formed within English, by compounding.

Etymons: zoological adj., garden n.

### Nearby entries

1. zookeeping, n. 1929–
2. Zookers, int. 1620–
3. Zooks, int. 1600–
4. zoolater, n. 1876–
5. zoolatrous, adj. 1876–
6. zoolatry, n. 1784–
7. zoolite, n. 1768–
8. zoologer, n. 1663–
9. zoologic, adj. 1766–
10. zoological, adj. & n. 1686–
11. zoological garden, n.1827–
12. zoologically, adv. 1799–
13. zoologico-, comb. form
14. zoologico-archaeologist, n. 1864
15. zoologist, n. 1663–
16. zoologize, v. 1830–
17. zoologizing, n. 1815–
18. zoology, n. 1663–
19. zoom, n. 1917–
20. zoom, v.¹ 1886–
21. Zoom, v.² 2014–

## Etymology

### Summary

Formed within English, by compounding.
Etymons: zoological adj., garden n.
< zoological adj. + garden n.

Compare earlier botanical garden n. and botanic garden n.

## Meaning & use

1. 1827–
   Frequently with second element in plural. A park or similar place in which wild animals are kept in enclosures for study, conservation, or display to the public; = zoo n. 1a.
   Originally with reference to that of the Zoological Society of London, situated in Regent's Park, in which the society's collection of animals was housed (cf. quots 1827, 1828 at zoological adj. A.3a).
   1. 1827

      > The demon assumes the part of the monkey in the Zoological Gardens.

      Examiner 30 December 821/2
   2. 1829

      > A guide to the Zoological Gardens and museum.

      T. Allen (title)
   3. 1855

      > The first annual exhibition of the Hull and East-Riding Poultry Society, took place on Wednesday, June 27th, at the Zoological Gardens, Hull.

      Poultry Chronicle vol. 3 416
   4. 1880

      > Recent arrivals at Zoölogical Garden, of Philadelphia.

      American Naturalist vol. 14 148
   5. 1930

      > Practically every zoological garden exhibits the aoudad, or Barbary sheep.

      W. M. Mann, Wild Animals in & out of Zoo xv. 198
   6. 1961

      > A zoological garden may be full of noise, uproar, and general rampageousness.

      Times 26 April 15/4
   7. 2003

      > Mynas..in the old days, when less attention was paid to breeding in zoological gardens..were often kept in mixed collections.

      Bird Keeper June 38/2
   1. vivary a1631–
      = vivarium, n. 2. Also figurative. Now rare or Obsolete.
   2. vivarium c1660–
      A place or enclosure, a piece of ground or stretch of water, specially adapted or prepared for the keeping of living animals under their normal…
   3. menagerie 1676–
      A collection of wild animals in cages or enclosures, esp. one kept for exhibition, as in a zoo, etc. Also: a place or building in which such a…
   4. zoological garden 1827–
      Frequently with second element in plural. A park or similar place in which wild animals are kept in enclosures for study, conservation, or display…
   5. zoological 1831–90
      Short for zoological garden, n.; spec. that of the Zoological Society of London at Regent's Park. Cf. zoo, n. 1a. Obsolete.
   6. zoo 1835–
      Originally colloquial. A park or similar place in which wild animals are kept in enclosures for study, conservation, or display to the public. Cf. z…
   7. park 1887–
      A large enclosed area of land used to accommodate wild animals in captivity. Frequently with modifying word.
   8. paradise 1900–
      A park, esp. one enclosing wild animals such as those constructed by rulers of the Ancient Near East.
   9. petting zoo 1965–
      A children's zoo or special zoological display at which visitors may pet the animals.
   View in Historical Thesaurus

## Pronunciation

### British English

/ˌzuːəˌlɒdʒᵻkl ˈɡɑːdn/
zoo-uh-loj-uh-kuhl GAR-duhn
/ˌzəʊəˌlɒdʒᵻkl ˈɡɑːdn/
zoh-uh-loj-uh-kuhl GAR-duhn

### U.S. English

/ˌzuəˌlɑdʒək(ə)l ˈɡɑrd(ə)n/
zoo-uh-lah-juh-kuhl GAR-duhn
/ˌzoʊəˌlɑdʒək(ə)l ˈɡɑrd(ə)n/
zoh-uh-lah-juh-kuhl GAR-duhn

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- ɬrhingyll
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛtl/ but /ˈpɛtl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- iːfleece
- ihappy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- atrap, bath
- ɑːstart, palm, bath
- ɒlot
- ɔːthought, force
- ʌstrut
- ʊfoot
- uːgoose
- əletter
- əːnurse
- ɪənear
- ɛːsquare
- ʊəcure
- eɪface
- ʌɪpride
- aʊmouth
- əʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ãgratin
- ɒ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

####

##### Consonants

- ppea
- ttea
- kkey
- bbuy
- ddye*
- ɡguy
- tʃchore
- dʒjay
- ffore
- θthaw
- ssore
- ʃshore
- vvee
- ðthee
- zzee
- ʒbeige
- xloch
- hhay
- llay
- rray
- wway
- jyore
- mmay
- nnay
- ŋsing

* /d/ also represents a 'tapped' /t/ as in

Some consonants can take the function of the vowel in unstressed syllables. Where necessary, a syllabic marker diacritic is used, hence /ˈpɛd(ə)l/ but /ˈpɛdl̩i/.

##### Vowels

- ifleece, happy
- ɪkit
- ɛdress
- ætrap, bath
- ɑlot, palm, cloth, thought
- ɑrstart
- ɔcloth, thought
- ɔrnorth, force
- ʊfoot
- ugoose
- əstrut, comma
- ərnurse, letter
- ɪ(ə)rnear
- ɛ(ə)rsquare
- ʊ(ə)rcure
- eɪface
- aɪpride
- aʊmouth
- oʊgoat
- ɔɪvoice
- ɑ̃gratin
- æ̃salon
- ᵻ(/ɪ/-/ə/)
- ᵿ(/ʊ/-/ə/)

##### Other symbols

- The symbol ˈ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with primary stress.
- The symbol ˌ at the beginning of a syllable indicates that that syllable is pronounced with secondary stress.
- Round brackets ( ) in a transcription indicate that the symbol within the brackets is optional.

View the pronunciation model here.

####

Simple text respell breaks words into syllables, separated by a hyphen. The syllable which carries the primary stress is written in capital letters. This key covers both British and U.S. English Simple Text Respell.

##### Consonants

b, d, f, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w and z have their standard English values

- gguy
- jjay
- yyore
- chchore
- khloch
- shshore
- ththaw
- dhthee
- zhbeige

##### Vowels

- atrap
- ahpalm
- airsquare
- arstart
- arrcarry (British only)
- awthought
- ayface
- a(ng)gratin
- edress
- eefleece
- eerdeer
- errmerry
- ikit
- ighpride
- irrmirror
- olot (British only)
- ohgoat
- oogoose
- oorcure
- orforce
- orrsorry (British only)
- owmouth
- oyvoice
- o(ng)salon
- ustrut
- uhletter
- urnurse
- urrhurry
- uufoot

## Forms

### Variant forms

See zoological adj. & n. and garden n.

## Frequency

zoological garden typically occurs about 0.09 times per million words in modern written English.

zoological garden is in frequency band 3, which contains words occurring between 0.01 and 0.1 times per million words in modern written English. More about OED's frequency bands

Frequency data is computed programmatically, and should be regarded as an estimate.

### Frequency of zoological garden, n., 1820–2010

* Occurrences per million words in written English

Historical frequency series are derived from Google Books Ngrams (version 2), a data set based on the Google Books corpus of several million books printed in English between 1500 and 2010.

The overall frequency for a given word is calculated by summing frequencies for the main form of the word, any plural or inflected forms, and any major spelling variations.

For sets of homographs (distinct entries that share the same word-form, e.g. mole, n.¹, mole, n.², mole, n.³, etc.), we have estimated the frequency of each homograph entry as a fraction of the total Ngrams frequency for the word-form. This may result in inaccuracies.

Smoothing has been applied to series for lower-frequency words, using a moving-average algorithm. This reduces short-term fluctuations, which may be produced by variability in the content of the Google Books corpus.

Decade | Frequency per million words
--- | ---
1820 | 0.03
1830 | 0.039
1840 | 0.051
1850 | 0.068
1860 | 0.093
1870 | 0.13
1880 | 0.16
1890 | 0.19
1900 | 0.21
1910 | 0.22
1920 | 0.22
1930 | 0.21
1940 | 0.19
1950 | 0.16
1960 | 0.13
1970 | 0.11
1980 | 0.098
1990 | 0.086
2000 | 0.079
2010 | 0.074

### Frequency of zoological garden, n., 2017–2024

* Occurrences per million words in written English

Modern frequency series are derived from a corpus of 20 billion words, covering the period from 2017 to the present. The corpus is mainly compiled from online news sources, and covers all major varieties of World English.

Smoothing has been applied to series for lower-frequency words, using a moving-average algorithm. This reduces short-term fluctuations, which may be produced by variability in the content of the corpus.

Period | Frequency per million words
--- | ---
2017 | 0.0039
2018 | 0.0054
2019 | 0.0056
2020 | 0.008
2021 | 0.0099
2022 | 0.0098
2023 | 0.0097
2024 | 0.011

## Compounds & derived words

Sort by

1. zoo, n. 1835–
   Originally colloquial. A park or similar place in…

Originally published as part of the entry for zoological, adj. & n.

zoological garden, n. was revised in June 2017.

zoological garden, n. was last modified in July 2023.