move away [v adv Iø]to go to a new home in a different area 搬到别处：Do the Simpsons still live here？-No，they＇ve moved away.辛普森一家人还在这里住吗？-不，他们搬到别处去了.

move in [v adv] 1 [IØ] to go to live in a new home 搬进新居：We＇ve bought the house， but we can＇t move in until next month.我们已经买下那房子，但是要到下个月才能搬进去住．2［IØ(on)] to (prepare to) take control, attack, etc （准备）控制；（准备）攻击：Our competitors have gone out of business, so now our company can move in.我们的竞争对手已经停业了，所以现在我们公司可以控制市场了.The police are mov-ing in on the criminals hiding in the house.警察正准备攻击躲在房子里的罪犯.

move off ［v adv IØ］ to leave；depart 离开；离去： The guard blew his whistle and the train moved off.列车长吹响哨子，火车就离开了.Ithink it's about time we were moving off (= we ought to leave now）.我想我们该走了.

move on [v adv]1 [IØ (to)] to change (to some-thing new）转移（新事物上）；改变；变更：I thinkwe've talked enough about that subject; let's move on.我想那个题目谈得够多的了，谈点别的吧.2 [T1; IØ] to (order to) go away to another place or position（命令）走开；不要停留：The man was drunk and was annoying people,so the policeman moved him on.这个人饮醉酒，而且在骚扰别人，所以警察叫他走开.＇Come on，sir，move on，＇said the policeman.警察说：“快点，先生，往前走.”We＇re not welcome in this town； we must move on.我们在这个城镇不受欢迎，必须往别处去.

move out [v adv IØ (of)] to leave and cease to be or live in a place， home，etc 搬走；搬出： They moved out last week.上星期他们搬走了.

move over [v adv T1; IØ] to (cause to) change position in order to make room for someone or something else（使）让出位置；挪动：Move over and let your grandmother sit down.坐过去一点，好让你的祖母坐下.

come/kAm/ 1 [IØ, 4] to move towards the speaker or a particular place 来：Should I come now or later？我该现在来还是晚点来？Comehere,you wicked boy; I'm going to punish you. 到这里来，你这个坏孩子；我要惩罚你.Why don＇tyou come when you know your dinner's ready？你知道饭烧好了，为什么还不来？The littlegirl came running to her mother for sympathy. 小女孩跑到妈妈身边来让妈妈亲她哄她．2［IØ］toarrive where the speaker is or at a particular place 到；到达：Has Joyce come yet？ I thought I heard her car.乔伊斯来了吗？我想我听见她的汽车声了.The train slowly came into the station. 火车慢慢地驶进车站．3［IØ］to arrive as expectedor in the course of time（按期）来临：Christmas comes once a year.每年过一次圣诞节.Uncle＇s birthday's coming so we must remember to get him a present.伯伯的生日快到了，我们要记得给他买件礼物．4［L9， esp up to， down to］ toreach 到；及；达：The water came （up） to my neck.水淹到我的脖子.Her hair came（down）to her knees.她的头发披到膝盖.The water camethrough to／as far as my garden.水一直流到我的

M1 MOVING 运动

花园里．5［L9］to exist in a particular place 在； 位于：In this list of goods the price comes next to the article.在这个货单上，价格列于货品名称之后．6 ［Wv6； L9］ to be （in a particular place in an ordered set）（次序）排（第几）：Your family should always come before your job.家庭的重要性永远应排在工作之前.My wife comes first，my children second.我的妻子排第一位，其次是孩子．7［I3］to happen 发生：How did Jean come to be invited to this party？琼怎么会被邀请来参加这个聚会的？8［L9，esp from，of］ to happen as a result of the stated cause 来自；源自；出自： Success in life does not come from being lazy. 懒惰不会使人成功.This accident came of yourcarelessness．这次事故是你的粗心造成的．9［L7］to become 变得；变成：The buttons on my coat came unfastened.我上衣的钮扣松开了.Thedoor came open．门开了．10［L9］to be offered， produced，etc 被供应；被生产：Shoes come in many shapes and sizes.鞋子有多种式样和尺码.Milk usually comes in bottles.牛奶通常是瓶装供应的.Milk comes from cows.牛奶是乳牛产的.11［L9］ to move into view 出现；呈现：The sun came and went but mostly it was cloudy.太阳时隐时现，但大部分时间是多云.Darkness cameat 6 o＇clock．六点钟天就黑了．

go/gəu/1[Iø] to move away from the speaker or a particular place (usu so as to reach another）去；走；走开；离去：I must go／be going. 我该走了.When does the train go？火车什么时间开？He went early．他很早就去了．2［L9］to travel or move 行动；旅行；运动；移动：We wentby bus.我们乘公共汽车去.It can go by post／inthe post.这可以邮寄.The car＇s going too fast. 车开得太快.We went to France for our holidays.我们到法国去度假.His hand went to his gun．他的手移到他的枪上．3［Wv6；L9］toreach （as faras stated）到达；通向；伸延：Which road goes to the station？哪条路通向火车站？The valley goes from east to west.峡谷由东向西伸延.The roots of the plant go deep.植物的根扎得很深．4［IØ］to start an action 开动；起动；发动：Get going（＝start）on the work.开始工作吧.I hope the water isn＇t cold when I jump in. -Here goes！我希望我跳进水里时水不冷.-我跳了！The signal to begin a race is ＇One，two， three，go！＇or＇Ready，steady，go！＇赛跑起步时的口令是：“一、二、三，跑！”或者“各就各位，预备，跑！”5［I4］a to do （an activity）做（动作、活动）： to go walking／shopping／swimming 去散步／买东西／游泳 b ［also 又作 IØ and］ infml to do（something undesirable）做（不合意的事）：He went and told her the secret.他去告诉了她这个秘密.You＇ve gone and done it now！你已经去干了这件事！Don＇tgo saying that．不要说那种话．6［Iø］ to be placed （esp usually）（尤指通常这样） 被放在；被置于：The boxes （can） go on theshelf．这些盒子（可以）放在架子上．7［IØ］（esp ofmachines） to work （properly）（尤指机器）运转； 转动（正常）：This clock doesn＇t go. It goes by electricity．这个钟不走了．它是电动的．8［L7］ tobecome (by a natural change, or by changing on purpose）（自然地或故意地）变得；变成：She＇sgoing grey.她的头发变灰了.Her hair＇s going

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M1 MOVING 运动

grey.她的头发渐渐变得灰白.The milk wentsour.牛奶变酸了.He＇s gone blind／mad.他变瞎了／疯了.This used to be a state school but it＇s gone independent.这本来是一所州立学校，现在改为独立办学.He went white with anger.他气得脸都变白了．9 ［L7］ to remain （in a certain state）保持（某种状态）；处于（某种状态）：Hercomplaints went unnoticed.她的投诉没有人理睬.After his enemy＇s threats he went in fear of his life.他被敌人恐吓之后，便担心自己性命难保.Should a murderer go free／go unpunished？能让一个杀人凶手逍遥法外吗？I usually go hatless.我通常不戴帽子.When the crops fail， thepeople go hungry． 收成不好时，百姓就要挨饿．10［IØ（to， for）］ to be sold 出售；卖：The clothes were going cheap.这些衣服卖得很便宜.It wentfor so little.这东西那么便宜就卖掉了.The housewent to the one who made the highest offer. 这所房子卖给了出价最高的人.Any more offers？-Going to the man in the green hat. Going, going，gone！还有出价的吗？-要卖给那位戴绿帽子的人了．要卖了，要卖了，卖掉了！11［L9，esp in，on］ to be spent or used 花掉；用掉：Half our money goes on food and clothes for the chil-dren.我们半数的钱花在买食物和小孩衣服上.Histime goes in watching television.他的时间消磨在看电视上.My money goes a long way／doesn＇t go far（＝buys a lot／buys little）.我们的钱能买好些东西／买不了多少东西．12［IØ］ to cease or dis-appear 停止；不见了；消失：Summer＇s going.夏天快过去了.Where＇s my pen？ It＇s gone （off my desk）.我的钢笔哪里去了？（从我书桌上）不见了.13 ［must，can，have to IØ］ to be got rid of 被废弃；被除掉；被淘汰：This car must go. We can＇tafford it any more.这辆车必须卖掉.我们用不起了．14［Wv6；IØ］ to （have to） be accepted or acceptable 算数；行得通；接受得了：What I saygoes， so stop arguing.我说了就算，不要辩论了.Anything goes（＝You can do as you like）.怎么都行.That goes for all of us （＝ We all agree on this）.我们都同意这个.It goes without saying that his brother should help him.不消说，他的弟弟应该帮助他．15［Iø］a to die or（sometimes） to become unconscious 死；失去知觉：After George went, she moved into a smaller house. 乔治死后，她就搬进一所较小的房子里.b to bedamaged；to weaken or wear out 损伤；受损；变弱；削弱；磨损：My voice has gone because of my cold.因为感冒，我的嗓子哑了.These shoesare going．这双鞋子快穿坏了．16［L9］to happen （in a certain way）进行；发生：The hours went slowly.时间慢慢地过去了.How are thingsgoing？日子过得怎么样？Do you think the result will go in our favour？你认为结果会有利于我们吗？The party went well.聚会开得很好.It will go hard with him （＝ be difficult for him）.那对他会很困难．17［IØ］to lose one＇s usual powers of control 失去控制（in the phrs Let oneself go 放纵；发脾气，far gone十分严重）：He＇s prettyfar gone (as in illness, when overcome by feelings，or mad）.他的情况相当严重（如生病时、感情冲动时、发疯时）．18［L9］to make a move-ment 做动作：When he shook hands he went like this．他握手是这样握的．19［Wv6；L9；（L5）］

a to be stated， said， or sung in a certain way 据说；流传；唱道：The story goes that he was mur-dered.据说他是被谋杀的.This is how it goes-＇Mary had a little lamb＇.歌是这样唱的：“玛丽有只小羊羔.”b to have or suit a certain tune 有或适合某种调子：It goes to a new tune.它配上了一支新曲调.The tune goes something like this.曲调大致是这样唱的．20［L9］ to make（a sound）发出···的声音：The mirror went crack and fell off the wall.镜子啪地一声碎了，从墙上掉了下来.

pass /pa:s/ 1 [IØ] to move or go forward; advance 前进；向前：Because of the large crowd in the street the carriage was unable to pass. 因为街上人群拥挤，马车无法前进．2［T1；IØ］a toreach and move beyond （a person or place） 经过；走过：I have been standing here for an hour but no one has passed （me）.我已经在这里站了一个小时，但是没有人（在我面前）走过.b（of a caror motorist) to reach and move beyond （another car）（汽车或开车者）超过（另一辆车）；超越；越过：One should not pass at a bend in the road．马路转弯处不许超车．3［T1；IØ］ to getor go through， across，over， or between 穿过； 横穿；通过：No one is allowed to pass the gates of the camp.任何人都不准穿过营地大门.Theriver is not deep enough here for a large ship to pass.这一条河不够深，大船不能通过.（fig）Nota word about this matter will pass my lips.关于这件事，我一个字也不会吐露．4［X9；L9］tomove, place, or be placed (in or for a short space of time）（短时间内）移动；放置：We canpass a rope round this dead tree.我们可以绕这棵枯树拴一根绳子.A cloud passed across thesun.一片云彩从太阳旁边飘过.（fig）As he wasdrowning, all the events in his lfe seemed to pass before him.在他快被淹死时，他平生经历的事似乎都在眼前闪过.The policeman asked thepeople to pass along.警察叫人们向前走.Theblack cloud soon passed over.乌云很快从天空飘过．5［D1（to）；T1］ to give（esp by hand）传递（尤指用手）：Please pass the bread； I can＇t quite reach it.请把面包递过来；我拿不着.He passedhim the bread.他把面包递给他.He passed the bread to us. 他把面包递给我们.passable ［B］（of roads， etc） able to be travelled（道路等）可通过的；能通行的：The snow has gone and themountain roads are passable again.雪已融化， 山路又可通行了．im-［neg］-bly ［adv Wa3］

get/get/ [L9]genl & emph to move;come or go 移动；来；去：Get on your way！你走吧！He gotout as quickly as he could.他赶快走了出去.

set/set/ [L9; V4] to start (oneself,someone or something） moving，coming，going，etc 出发；动身；起动；开动：She set out （on the journey） yesterday.她昨天启程了.He set off down the road.他沿着马路走下去.He set the machinegoing.他开动了机器.

circle /'s3:kəl/ [T1; IØ] to move in a circle （around）环行；环绕；盘旋；转圈；旋转：The dogcircled the sheep. 这条狗围着羊群兜圈.Therewas an aeroplane circling in the sky above.有架飞机在空中盘旋.

circulate /'s3:kjuleit/ [IØ] to move around from place to place 循环；流通；环行：The traffic（＝

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K191：association football 足球运动

A corner 场角

B goal 球门

C goal area 球门区

D penalty spot 罚球点

E penalty area 罚球区

F touchline 边线

G goal 球门

H centre circle 中圈

I centre spot 中点

J goal line 球门线

K goal post 球门柱

L crossbar 球门横木

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M net 球门网

B

modern line-up 现代阵式

traditional line-up

传统阵式

A centre forward 中锋

B inside right 右内锋

C inside left 左内锋

D right winger 右翼

E left winger 左翼

F centre half 中坚

G right half 右前卫

H left half 左前卫

right back 右后卫

J left back 左后卫

K goalkeeper 守门员

K193: rugby football

英式橄榄球

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854

all the vehicles) in the city circulates fairly freely.城里交通相当畅通.A story is circulating about him among his friends; I don't know if it＇s true or not.有个关于他的故事在他的朋友中间流传着；我不知道这是真是假.Blood circulates.inthe body through our arteries and veins [■B36］．血液在人体内通过动静脉循环．circulation［U］the act of circulating 循环；流通

approach./ə'prəutf/1 [T1; IØ] to move,come,or go near 靠近；走近；接近；临近：He approachedslowly.他慢慢走近.He approached them slowly.他慢慢走近他们.Spring is approaching. 春天临近了．2［T1］to come or go to （someone） to talk about, suggest, ask for, etc something 与···打交道；找···商量；向···接洽、查询：Heapproached me about this last week.上星期他找我商谈这件事.Can you approach them onthe matter for me？你能找他们替我查询一下这件事情吗？

near/nıə/ [T1; IØ] often lit to come closer in distance or time（to）； approach 靠近；走近；接近；临近：He got more nervous as the day neared.随着日子临近，他越发紧张起来.We couldsee the tall buildings as we neared New York. 我们快到纽约的时候，就看见了那些高楼大厦.

M2 verbs，etc 动词等：（of a person or object） not moving（人或物）不动

[ALSO→L173]

stay／ster／1 ［IØ］not to move，go，come，etc 停留； 逗留；待着不动：You go；I＇ll stay here till you come back.你走吧，我会待在这里等你回来.Shestayed where she was.她待在原地不动.My car stays in the garage most of the week.一周的大部分时间我的汽车都停放在车房里不用.He stayedwith her till she felt better.他陪伴着她，直到她感觉好些才走．2［L1,7,9］to continue to be（in an unchanged state）保持（不变状态）：I hope the soup will stay warm till they come.我希望在他们到来之前汤不会凉.The room has stayed thesame since he died; no one has changed any-thing.他死后，房间一直保持原状；谁也没有动过任何东西.

remain /r'mein/ usu fml 1[IØ] to stay; be left behind after others have gone or been re-moved 留下；逗留；剩下；继续存在：When theothers had gone, Mary remained and put back the furniture.其他人走后，玛丽留下来把家具放回原处.Of the seven brothers only four now remain；the rest are dead.七个弟兄中，现在只有四个还活着；其余的都死了．2［L1,7,9］tocontinue to be （in an unchanged state）保持（不变状态）；仍然是；继续是：Peter became ajudge but John remained a fisherman.彼得当了法官，但约翰仍旧是个渔民.If you won＇t eatyou＇ll just have to remain hungry！你要是不吃东西就只好继续饿着！You can＇t let the roomremain likethis！你不能让房间老是这个样子！remainder [C;GC] what is left; the things or people, etc left when others are taken or go away 剩下的人；剩余物；残余部分；剩余时间：Most

M3 MOVING 运动

people left and the remainder sat down.to wait.多数人都走了，剩下的人坐下来等候.

stay put [IØ] infml & emph not to go, move, etc 不动；停留；逗留：She stayed put where she was； she couldn＇t leave the house.她守在原处没动； 她不能离开这房子.

stop／stop／［IØ］ usu not fml to stay 停留；逗留： You go； I＇ll stop here till you come back.你走吧；我留在这里直到你回来.

wait/weit/1 [IØ] to stop or stay in a place with-out doing anything until someone arrives or something happens 等；等候；等待；期待：Wait here； don＇t go away. 在这里等着；不要走开.We'll wait until tomorrow; then, if you don't come，we＇ll go.我们在这里等到明天；到那时你要是不来，我们就走了.They waited an hour butshe didn＇t come.他们等了一小时，但是她没有来.Have you been waiting long？你等了很久吗？2 ［IØ（for）］ to be ready 准备好：Your tea is waiting（for you）： don＇t let it get cold.茶已（为你）准备好了，别让它凉了．3［T1］ to take noaction until the stated occasion 等到（某个时刻）（esp in the phr wait one＇s turn 轮候）：You must wait your turn to see the doctor.你必须轮候到你才能看医生．4［S］an act of waiting 等待；等候：I hope you haven＇t had a long wait. 我希望你没有久候.

await／ə＇weit／［T1］fml 1 to wait for 等；等候；等待：I am awaiting your reply.我期待着你的答复.2 to be ready for 为．··作好准备：A warmwelcome awaits you.热烈的欢迎在等待着你.

queue/kju:/ BrE 1 [C] a line of people, cars, etc, usu waiting to move on, or into some-where； set of people waiting for something（人或车辆排队等候的）长列；长队；长龙2［IØ（up，for）］ to form or join a line while waiting 排队（等候）：We had to queue for ages（for the bus）.我们（等候公共汽车）不得不排队等了好久.

attend/ə'tend/ [T1] fml to be at; go regularly to 出席；参加；到场：What school does your son attend？你儿子上什么学校？They did notmanage to attend the meeting.他们未能参加会议． attendance 1 ［U］ the act of attendance 出席；到场；参加：Your attendance at the meeting is necessary．你必须出席这个会议．2［Cusu sing］ number of people attending (a meeting, etc) 出席人数：There was a large attendance at the meeting last night．昨晚到会人数很多．3［C］a note of the fact that someone has attended (a school，college，meeting，etc）（学校、学院、会议等的）出勤次数；出席次数：She had 180attendances (at school) out of a possible 185. 在应到（校）的185天中，她出勤了180天．

M3 verbs 动词： stopping （a person or object） from moving ［T1］阻止（人或物） 活动

[ALSO→L173]

stop /stpp/ to cause to stay in one place after having been moving 停止；阻止；使停下：Stop the car；I want to get out.停车，我要下车.

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M4 MOVING 运动

halt／ho：lt／emph to stop 停止；阻止；使停下：Halt everything！把一切都停下！They halted the train between stations.他们把火车停在两个车站之间.

M4 verbs 动词：leaving and setting out 离开与出发

leave／li：v／1［T1；IØ（for）］ to go away （from）离开；离去；出发：He left the road and hit a tree. 他偏离道路撞到一棵树上.We must leave early.我们必须早点离开.When shall we leave for theparty？我们什么时候去参加聚会？2［T1；IØ］tocease to remain (in or with); stop working for （a business）不再留下；离开；辞去（工作）：I amleaving England.我要离开英国了.He left his wife three months ago.三个月前他离开了妻子.She left （her job） to start her own business.她辞掉工作以便开拓自己的生意．3［X1,7,9：oftenpass］ to let stay； cause to be 把···留在；使处于： We left the work in the office.我们把工作留在办公室里了：The window was left open.窗户留着没关.The book left me sad.读了这本书我心里难受．4［D1（for）； T1］ to allow or cause to remain after going away（离开之前）留下；使保持某一状态：The postman left a letter for us.邮差给我们留下一封信．5 ［T1］ to allow to remainuntaken， unused， unchanged， uneaten，etc 没拿走；没用过；没变化；没吃：You＇ve left yourfood．你没吃东西．6 ［T1］ to allow to remain undone，perhaps until a later time（把未完成的事）留下（可能以后再做）：Let＇s leave that foranother day．那件事我们留待改日再做吧．7［T1(with, to), 4] to give into the care or charge of someone 交给···管；交托；委托：He left his cat with us.他把猫交给我们照看.I＇ll leave it to youto buy the tickets.我要托你买票.I＇ll leave buying the tickets to you.我将买票的事交给你办．8［T1］to have remaining after death 死后留下；遗下：He leaves a wife and two children.他遗下了妻子和两个孩子．9［D1（to）；T1］ to giveafter the death of the giver 遗赠：I will leave this house to you.我死后把这所房子留给你.Heleft £40,000．他留下四万英镑遗产．

go away ［v adv IØ］ not to stay 走开；离去：Is he here？-No，he went away yesterday.他在这里吗？-不在，他昨天离开了.They have goneaway to France.他们到法国去了.

go off ［v adv IØ］ to go away 走开；离去：He has gone off somewhere；I don＇t know where.他已经离开到什么地方去了；我不知道是哪儿.She wentoff with her friend＇s husband.她跟她朋友的丈夫一起走了.

depart/dr'pa:t/[IØ (from)] fml to leave (esp a place） 离开；起程：The royal train departed from the capital at 12 o＇clock．王室的列车于十二点离开了首都.

depart from [v prep T1] to turn or move away from (something followed or done formerly) 离开；背离；违反：I＇d like to depart from the main subject of my speech for a few mo-ments.我想暂时说几句与本题无关的话.His storydeparts from the truth.他所说的与实情不符.

set out also 又作 set off ［v adv IØ］ to start a journey 出发；动身；起程：He sets out eary in the morning. 他一早就出发.They set out on their travels years ago and have never been seen again.几年前他们出发去旅行，从此就没有人再见过他们了.

start out also 又作 start off ［v adv IØ］ to make a start （to a journey， work，etc）出发；动身；开始；着手：He started off by planning everything carefully.他从一开始就精心计划每件事.Whattime did he start out？他是什么时候动身的？

come out [v adv IØ (of)] to come from inside a place 出来：He came out （of the house） through a window.他通过窗户（从房子里）出来.

emerge /r'm3:d3/ [IØ (from)]often fml & tech 1 to come out 出来；出现；露出：A large animalemerged（from the water）.一只庞大的动物（从水里）冒出来．2（fig）to become known 暴露；被知晓：At last it has emerged that he stole the money．最后发现是他偷了钱．emergent ［Wa5；B] usu tech beginning to be seen, happen,etc 现出的；出现的；露出的 emergence［U］the actof emerging 出现；露出

appear/ə'prə/ [IØ (out of or from)] to come into sight 出现；显露；呈现：The men appeared out of the trees／from behind some trees.这些人从一些树后面冒了出来.Where did he suddenlyappear from？他是突然从哪里走出来的？appear-ance ［U］ the act of appearing 出现；显露：Her appearance from behind a tree was unex-pected.她从树后出现，实在是出人意料.

M5 verbs 动词：arriving， reaching， and entering 到达、达到与进入

arrive/ə'rarv/ [Iø] 1 to reach a place, esp the end of a journey 来到；到达；抵达：We arrived home late.我们很晚才到家.No letters arrived this morning． 今天上午没有信来．2 to happen；come（时间）到来；来临：At last our holidays arrived．我们的假期终于到了．3（of a baby） to beborn（婴儿）出生：Her baby arrived during the night．她的婴儿在夜里出生．4 to win success or ahigh place in society 成功；成名：Now that his books were sold in every shop he felt that he had arrived.现在每家书店都出售他的书，他觉得自己已成名了.

get in ［v adv IØ］ infml ＆ genl to arrive 来到；到达：The train got in at 7o＇clock．火车在七点钟到达.He got in very late last night.昨夜他很晚才到.

come in ［v adv IØ］ 1 to arrive as expected （如期）到达：Has the train come in yet？火车进站了吗？2（of the sea） to move towards the land （海水）涨潮；上涨：The sea＇s coming in so don＇t stay on the sand too long.海涨潮了，不要在沙滩上待得太久.

turn up ［v adv IØ］ not fml to arrive or appear 到来；出现：When do you think he＇ll arrive？-Oh，he＇ll turn up soon. 你认为他什么时候会到？-哦，他很快就会到的.

reach／ri：tf／1 ［T1］ to arrive at；get to 到达；抵达： They reached London on Thursday.他们于星

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期四抵达伦敦.I.reached the end of the book.我已看到书的结尾部分.The news only reached meyesterday．我昨天才接到消息．2［L9；T1］（of things or places) to be big enough to touch; stretch out as far as（指东西或地方）够得着；延伸到：The ladder won＇t quite reach （as far as） the window.梯子够不着窗户.The forest reaches for many kilometres. 森林延伸好几公里.Thegarden reaches down to the lake.花园延伸到湖边．3 ［D1； T1：（down）］ to get or give by stretch-ing out a hand or arm 伸手去取；把···递给：Reach down the child＇s cap from the hook.把孩子的帽子从钩子上取下来．4［IØ；T1］to touch(something) by stretching out a hand or arm 伸手触及：Can you reach that apple on the tree?-No,I'm not tall enough to reach (it). 你能摸着树上的那个苹果吗？-不，我不够高，摸不着（那个苹果）．5 ［L9］ to stretch out a hand or arm for some purpose 伸手：Reach across the table and pick up the book.把手伸到桌子对面去拿书.The shopkeeper reached for a packet of tea.商店老板伸手去拿一包茶叶.I reached upand put the parcel on top of the cupboard.我举起手把包裹放在柜顶上面.（fig）He was reach-ing out towards a new idea.他在想一个新主意.6 [T1] to get a message to; to get in touch with （someone）与···联络；与···取得联系：He can always be reached on the office telephone.可随时打办公室的电话与他联络.as far as the eyecan reach to where the land meets the sky 就视力所及；极目：We can see nothing but houses as far as the eye can reach.我们极目望去，除了房子还是房子.

get to ［v prep T1］ not fml 1 to move to 去到： Where did you get to after I left you in the shop？我在商店离开你以后，你到哪里去了？2 toreach 到达；达到：Where have you got to in the book？这本书你看到什么地方了？3 to start 开始；着手：to get to thinking about work 开始考虑工作

descend (up)on [v prep T1] 1 to arrive sud-denly at 突然来到；突然到达：The whole familydescended on us at Christmas.圣诞节时，全家的人忽然都到我们这里来了．2（of a group ofpeople） to attack（指一群人）袭击：Thieves descended on the travellers.强盗们袭击旅客.

enter/'entə/ [IØ; T1] often fml to come or go into （a room， house， etc） 走进；进入：He entered the house by a side door.他从侧门走进房子.When they entered，he departed.他们进来时，他便离开了.

M6 verbs 动词：letting in and out ［T1］放进与放出

let in [v adv] infml to allow (someone) to go or come in（to a house，etc）放进；允许进入：He let them in by a side door.他让他们从侧门进去.Please let us in；it＇s cold outside.请让我们进去吧；外面很冷.

admit／əd＇mit／fml to let in 允许进入；让···进入： They were admitted into the house.他们被允许

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入屋.Don＇t admit anyone who hasn＇t paid.不要让没付钱的人进来.

let out [v adv] to allow (someone) to go or come out （of a house，etc）放出；允许出去：Let me out！放我出去！They let him out through a side door.他们让他从侧门出去.

usher in [v adv] fml to admit, esp in a welcom-ing ceremony 引进；领进；让进（尤指在欢迎仪式中）：They ushered in their guests.他们把客人领进来.He ushered her in very politely.他非常客气地领她进去.

usher out [v adv] fml to let out, esp in a cer-emonial way 送出；领出（尤指在仪式上）：Heushered them out formally and with a great show of friendship and thanks.他恭敬地送他们出来，表现得十分友好和感激.

M7 verbs 动词：welcoming and meeting 欢迎与迎接

welcome/'welkəm/ [T1] 1 to greet (a person) when he or she in a new place 迎接：The Queen welcomed him as soon as he got off the plane．他一下飞机，女王就上前迎接．2 tomeet or be found by (a visitor) esp with pleasure 欢迎：They welcomed him with flowers.他们用鲜花欢迎他.A warm fire wel-comed him.温暖的炉火向他表示欢迎.

greet /gri:t/ esp emot & emph 1 [T1] to welcome with words or actions（用言语或行动） 欢迎；向···致意：She greeted him with a loving kiss.她以深情的一吻来迎接他.He greeted us byshouting a friendly ＇Hello＇.他友好地喊了一声“哈啰”来向我们致意．2［X9］to receive with anexpression of feeling 迎接；接受：The speech was greeted by loud cheers.演说受到热烈的欢呼.She greeted her birthday present with cries of delight.她接到生日礼物时不禁高兴得欢呼起来.3 [T1] to come suddenly to the eyes,ears,etc 映入眼帘；传入耳中：Inside the room complete disorder greeted us.屋里一片混乱映入我们的眼帘.I awoke and was greeted by birdsong.我醒来，耳中听到鸟儿的歌声.

meet／mi：t／1 ［T1］ to be there at the arrival of 迎接：I＇ll meet the 4 o＇clock train．我要去接四点钟的火车.I＇ll meet you off the train.我将在你下火车时接你.The taxi will meet the train／will meet you off the train.计程车将去接火车／将在你下火车后接你．2［IØ］to gather togehter 聚集；集合； 聚会：The whole school met to hear the speech．全校学生集合听演讲．3［T1；IØ］ to cometogether（with），by chance or arrangement 遇见；碰见；相遇；相逢；相会：We met unexpectedly. 我们不期而遇.He met her for dinner.他与她一起吃晚饭．4［IØ］ to come together or close 相碰； 相撞；碰上：The cars almost met head on（＝ one front against the other) but drew away and drove on.这两辆车差一点迎头相撞，但都避开了又继续向前驶去．5［T1；IØ］ to get to know orbe introduced（to） for the first time 结识；初次见面；引见：Come to the party and meet some interesting people.来参加聚会吧，结识一些有趣的

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人.We met at Ann＇s party， didn＇t we，but I don＇t remember your name.我们在安妮的聚会上见过面，是吧？可是我不记得你的名字了．6［T1（with）］ to answer，esp in opposition 回应（尤指反对）；遭到；对付：His changes were met with cries of anger.他的变革招来愤怒的反对声.Angrycries met his speech.他的讲话惹来一片愤怒的叫喊声.We met his idea with interest.我们对他的想法表示兴趣．7［T1］（fig）to pay 支付；偿付：Can you meet this amount？ 你能支付这个数目吗？8［T1］（fig）to satisfy 满足；应付：Does this meet your needs？这能满足你的需要吗？9［T1；IØ］（fig） to touch （as if） naturally（自然地）接触；交接；接合：Their lips met （in a kiss）.他们的嘴唇（在接吻时）相碰了.Her hand met his facein a violent blow.她的手猛地一下打在他的脸上.10 ［T1］（fig） to find or experience 遭遇；经历：I met a lot of difficulties in the work.我在这项工作中遇到许多困难.

meet up [v adv IØ (with)] infml to meet,esp not by a formal arrangement（尤指未经正式安排）碰面；碰头：Let＇s meet up after the play.我们看完戏后见面吧.He met up with some verystrange people there.他在那里碰到了一些非常奇怪的人.

meet with [v prep T1] to experience or find by chance 偶然遇到；偶然发现：I met with somedifficulties when I tried to enter the country. 我试图进入这个国家时遇到了一些困难.They metwith an accident on their way back.他们在回去的路上遇上了车祸.

receive /rI'si:v/[T1] fml to welcome or greet （people when they come）欢迎；迎接；接待：The Queen received them in the great hall.女王在大堂里接见了他们.

M8 verbs 动词：getting off，down，and out下车、下来与出来

get off infml & genl 1 [v adv IØ] to come or go down 下车：He stopped the train／bus and got off．他停下火车／公共汽车，走了下来．2［v prepT1］ to come or go down from 从···下来；从···下去：He got off the train at Birmingham.他在伯明翰下了火车.

get down [v adv IØ (from)] to come or go down (esp from a horse), usu only for a short time 下来（尤指下马）：He got down from his horse to help the wounded man.他从马上下来帮助那个受伤的人.

get out ［v adv IØ （of）］ to leave （a car，etc）下（车等）：He opened the door of the car and got out.他打开车门，下了车.

alight /ə'lait/ [IØ (from)] fml to get down from a car， bus， etc， esp at the end of a journey（尤指到达目的地后）下车；下来：They alighted fromthe train soon after midday.中午刚过，他们下了火车.

descend /dr'send/ [T1;IØ(from)] often fml to come,fall, or sink from a higher to a lower level； go down （along）下来；下楼；下降；落下： The sun descended behind the hills.太阳落山

了.She descended the stairs.她走下楼梯.The road climbs for miles and then descends.路向上延伸好多英里，然后又下坡.He descended fromthe train at Birmingham.他在伯明翰下了火车.(fig) I want to discuss all these points in des-cending order of importance.我想按事情的轻重顺序讨论所有这些要点.

disembark /,drsim'ba:k/ [IØ; T1] to (cause to) get off a ship（使）下船；（从船上）卸（货）：Hedisembarked at Southampton.他在南安普敦下了船.They disembarked in mid-river into small boats.他们在河中间下了大船，然后登上小船.Can we disembark the goods here？我们可以在这里卸货吗？The goods were disembarked in London.这些货是在伦敦卸船的.disem-barkation [U] the act or time of disembark-ing下船；下船时间

sink／smk／［IØ］to go downwards 下沉；下陷；向下； 落下：The sun sank in the west.太阳在西边落下.The ship sank （to the bottom of the sea）.这艘船下沉（到海底）了.He sank behind a bushwhere no one could see him.他伏身在一灌木丛后面，谁也看不见他.（fig）Our spirits sank（＝ We became unhappy）.我们的情绪低落下来.(fig) The new idea tooka long time to sink in （to his mind）.新的想法经过很长时间才为他所领悟.（fig） She had a sinking （＝ unpleasant） feeling in her stomach.她的胃有点不舒服的感觉.

subside/səb'said/[IØ] 1 to fall or'sink lower 落下；沉降；下沉；下陷：The land here is subsid-ing because of changes deep underneath.这片土地由于地层深处的变化而在下沉.The riversubsided when the heavy rains stopped.暴雨停后，河水便退下去了：2to become less变小；减弱；平静下来；平息：The strong wind has subsided. 风已经减弱了.subsidence ［U］ the act or state of subsiding 下陷；落下；沉降；凹陷：There is alot of subsidence on this road; it was badly made.这条路有很多地方下陷，修得很糟糕.

M9 verbs 动词： climbing and getting on 登高与登上

climb/klaim/1 [IØ (up); T1] to go up, over or through， esp by using the hands and feet（尤指手脚并用）爬；攀登；登上：The old lady climbs upthe stairs with difficulty.这老妇人吃力地爬上楼梯.Do you think you can climb that tree？你认为自己能爬那棵树吗？The cat＇s just climbed inthrough the window.猫刚从窗户爬进来.（fig） He climbed the social ladder.他顺着社会阶梯向上爬．2［IØ （up）； T1］ to go up， over or down （esp mountains） as a sport 登山；爬山：Do you climb？你登山吗？Have you climbed any mountains this year？今年你爬过山吗？3［IØ］to rise to a higher point； go higher 爬高；升高；升起：It became hotter as the sun climbed in the sky.随着太阳在天空中升高，天气渐渐热了起来.The plane climbed quickly.飞机很快便飞得很高．4［IØ］ to slope upwards 上坡：The road climbed steeply．道路很陡．5［IØ；T1］ （esp of a

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plant） to grow upwards （on）（尤指植物）（沿着···）向上长；攀缘向上：The rose tree hasclimbed right up the side of the house.玫瑰树沿着房子的一侧往上长．6［IØ into or out of］infml to get into or out of clothing usu with little or some effort 匆忙（或困难地）穿／脱衣：The soldiers climbed into their uniforms at the sound of the warning bell.士兵一听见警钟声就匆忙穿上军服.

clamber /'klæmbə/ [L9 (about), esp over] to climb, usu using both feet and hands and usu with difficulty or effort（吃力地或艰难地且手脚并用）爬；攀登：The child needed all his strength to clamber over the high wall.那个孩子费尽气力才能爬过高墙.Stop clambering aboutover my new furniture.不要在我的新家具上爬来爬去.

mount /maunt/ 1 [T1;IØ (up)] to get on (a horse，a bicycle，etc）骑上（马、自行车等）：He mounted the bicycle and rode away. 他骑上自行车走了.The soldiers stood beside their horses，waiting for the order to mount （up）.士兵们站在马旁，等待上马的命令．2［T1；IØ（to）］togo up；climb 爬；登上；攀登：The old lady can mount the stairs only with difficulty.老妇人要用尽气力才能爬上楼梯.The climber mounted tothe top of the steep cliff by cutting steps in the rock with his axe.登山者用斧子在岩石上凿出台阶，才能爬上悬崖之巅．3［Wv5；T1（on）］ toprovide (someone) with a horse or other animal，a bicycle， etc to ride on 给···备马、自行车等供骑乘：The prince mounted his guest on his best elephant.王子让客人骑上他最好的大象.The soldiers were mounted on fine black horses.士兵们都骑着黑色的骏马.the mountedpolice 骑警（队）4［T1（on）］to put （someone） on horseback， on a bicycle，etc 扶···上马、自行车等：He lifted up his litle son and mounted him on the donkey.他抱起小儿子，把他放到驴背上．5［Wv4；IØ （up）］ to rise in level or increase in amount 上升；升高；增高；增长；增多；增加：Thelevel of the water mounted until it reached my waist.水位一直上升到我的腰部.The tempera-ture mounted into the 90s．温度升高至九十多度．In spite of all his efforts, his debts continued to mount up.尽管他很努力，他的债务还是继续增加.His fears for the safety of his daughter mounted as the days passed without news of her.随着日子一天一天的过去而他仍得不到女儿的消息，他便越来越担心女儿的安全.The mountingcost of living has forced us to ask for higher wages．生活费用的上涨迫使我们要求提高工资．6[TÌ] to fix on a support or in a surrounding substance; put in a position so as to be ready for use or to be shown 架置；装框；镶嵌；粘贴；裱贴：He mounted the photograph on stiff paper and then framed it.他把照片贴在硬纸上，然后镶在镜框里.The king＇s crown was of pure gold， in which precious jewels had been mounted. 国王的王冠是用纯金制造的，上面镶嵌着贵重的宝石.The dead insect was mounted on a card by means of a pin.这只死昆虫是用一根大头针钉在卡片上．7［T1］to prepare or begin （an attack） 准备；开始（攻击）：The opposing political party

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is getting ready to mount a powerful attack on the government.反对党正准备对政府发动一次强而有力的攻击．8［T1］to prepare and produce （a play） for the stage（准备）上演（戏剧）：It＇ll cost a great deal of money to mount this play. 上演这个剧要花许多钱．9 ［T1］ tech （of a male animalesp a large one) to get up on (a female animal） in order to breed（尤指大的雄性动物）爬在（雌性动物身上）与之交配

ascend /ə'send/often fml 1 [IØ]to go, come or move upwards or to a higher position 升高；上升；升起：The stairs ascended in a graceful curve.楼梯呈优美的曲线向上伸延.The aircraftascended quickly．这架飞机升得很快．2［T1］to climb；go up along 攀高；登：He ascended the stairs.他登上楼梯.We ascended the hill.我们登上小山.

scale /skeil/[T1] to climb, esp quickly on a high，difficult place 爬；攀登；登高：They scaled the wall easily.他们轻而易举地爬上墙头.（alsopoet & emot) The climbers scaled Mount Everest.登山者们登上了埃弗尔斯峰.

get on infml & genl 1 [v adv IØ] to climb on to a train，animal，etc 上火车；骑上（动物等）：He got on at Birmingham. 他在伯明翰上了火车.Theybrought him his horse and he got on.他们给他牵来了马，他一翻身便骑了上去．2［v prep T1］ toclimb onto 登上（火车）；骑上（马）：He got onthe train at Birmingham.他在伯明翰上了火车.He got on his horse.他骑上马.

board/bo:d/[T1; (IØ)] fml & tech to get onto (a train，ship，aeroplane，etc）登上（火车、船、飞机等）：They boarded the plane at 1800 hours．他们在十八点登上飞机.

embark/rm'ba:k/1 [IØ; T1 usu pass] to (cause to） get onto a ship（使）上船；（使）装于船上；（使）装载：They embarked at Southampton for New York. 他们在南安普敦登船去纽约.Thesoldiers were embarked quickly. 士兵们很快上了船．2［IØ on］fig esp poet ＆ emot to start 开始；着手：They have embarked on a most in-teresting new plan.他们已经着手作一个非常有趣的新计划.embarkation［U］ the act or time of embarking 上船（时间）；开始（时间）

M10 nouns 名词：movement and motion 活动与动作

movement/'mu:vmənt/1 [U] the act of moving or condition of being moved； activity 活动；移动；挪动；动弹：Movement＇s painful when one＇s hurt one＇s back.人的背部受了伤，身体一动就痛.There's little movement after sunset, in the streets of this quiet village.太阳下山后，这个宁静村庄的街道上就几乎没有人走动了.I enjoy aplay that has plenty of movement.我喜欢看有大量动作的戏剧.There hasn＇t been muchmovement this month in the cotton market(= much buying or selling, or change in the price）．这个月棉花市场不大活跃．2［C］a particu-lar act of changing position or place 行动；动作： He's very old and his movements are getting

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slower and slower.他年纪很大，行动越来越迟缓了.She heard a movement outside her bed-room door and got out of bed to see who was there.她听见卧室门外有行动声，就下床去看看谁在那里．3［GC］（fig）a group of people who make united efforts for a particular purpose （一群人为某目的而联合起来的）运动：The aim ofthe trade union movement was, and is, to obtain higher wages and better conditions for workers.工会运动的目的过去是，现在也仍然是为了提高工人的工资和改善工作条件．4［C］（fig）a general feeling, way of thinking, acting,etc, not directed by any particular person or group, towards something new, or away from some-thing that exists 趋势；倾向；动态：Religious leaders are worried about the movement away from the churches, especially among young people.宗教领袖都很担心人们，尤其是青年人有脱离教会的倾向.The old man thinks that the movement towards greater freedom for women has brought them too much freedom.那位老人认为，赋予妇女更多自由的潮流已带给她们太多自由.

motion/məu'fən/1 [U] the act, manner or state of moving 运动；动作：The gentle rolling motion of the ship made me feel sleepy.船轻轻的摇动使我昏昏欲睡.The train was already in motion when he jumped on.他跳上火车时，火车已经开动了.Parts of the film were shown again in slow motion(= making the movements ap-pear slower than in real life）.电影的部分片断用慢动作重新放映．2［C］ a single or particular movement or way of moving 动作；姿势：He made a motion with his hand, as if to tell me to keep back.他向我打了一个手势，好像告诉我不要往前走.The dancer＇s graceful motions pleased them.那舞蹈家的优美动作使他们赏心悦目.put／set something in motion to start something moving， being active， or working 开动；使···运转；使···开始工作：Pull this handle towards you to set this machine in motion.把这个手柄朝你自己的方向拉，就能开动这部机器.Hewarned the government that if it declared war, it would set in motion something that might spread to the rest of the world.他警告政府说， 如果宣战，战争可能引发出某种事情，而这种事情有可能会蔓延到世界其它地方.

mobility/məu'biləti/ [U] the state or quality of being mobile ［→M14］，able to move easily活动性；流动性；机动性；变动性；灵活性：Theyounger player won the game, mainly because of his greater mobility.那个年轻的参赛者赢了比赛，主要是因为他更灵活.The army is in need ofmany more vehicles to increase. its mobility. 部队需要增加更多车辆来提高其机动性.im-［neg］

momentum/məu'mentəm/1 [U;C] tech the quantity of movement in a body, measured by multiplying its mass by the speed at which it moves 动量：As the rock rolled down the mountainside, it gathered momentum(= moved faster and faster）.当岩石滚下山坡时，其冲力越来越大（＝越滚越快）．2［U］（fig）the forcegained by the movement or development of events 势头；力量；推动力：The national struggle

for independence is gaining momentum every day.争取独立的民族斗争势头日益增强.

impetus /'impətəs/ 1 [U] the force of some-thing moving 动力；冲力2［U；S］（fig） a push forward 促进；推动；刺激：His speech gave（an） impetus to my ideas.他的演说促进了我的思想.

inertia/r'n3:fə/ [U] 1 a property of matter by which an object tends to remain in motion or at rest 惯性；惰性：The natural inertia of water makes it move more slowly than its container. 水的自然惯性使它比其容器运动得慢．2（fig）slow-ness；lack of movement；laziness 不活动；迟缓； 懒惰：He had a feeling of inertia on that hot summer day.在那个盛夏的日子，他有一种懒洋洋的感觉.

go /gəu/ infml 1 [C] an act of going or doing something 做一下；试一下：Have a go at it；you might be able to do it.试试看吧；你也许干得了的．It＇s my go now．现在轮到我啦．2［U］power （to move or do things）力气；精力；劲头：He is very good； he＇s full of go.他很不错；他精力十足.step/step/[C] 1 the act of putting one foot in

front of the other in order to move along 迈步； 举步：Take two steps forward and two steps back．前进两步，再后退两步．2 the sound thismakes 脚步声：I heard a step／footstep／footsteps on the stair．我听见楼梯上有脚步声．3a the dis-tance between the feet when stepping 步；步幅： The door is three steps away.门在三步远的地方.b a short distance 短距离：It＇s just a step from my house to his.从我家到他家只有几步远.4 a flat edge, esp in a set of surfaces each above the other on which the foot is placed for climbing up and down; a stair, rung [→D30］ of a ladder，etc 阶梯的踏级；台阶：Mindthe step outside the door.留神门外的台阶.They climbed 154 steps．他们爬了一百五十四级台阶．5(fig) an act, esp in a set of actions, which should produce a certain result 步骤；措施；手段：Our first step must be a change in working hours, then we must decide how to improve conditions.我们第一步必须改变工作时间，其次决定如何改善条件.

M11 nouns 名词： staying and stopping

［C］停留与停止 [ALSO→L181]

stay/stei/(of persons) a period of staying in a place（指人）停留期间：He enjoyed his stay in Athens.他在雅典逗留时过得很快活.

stop／stpp／1 an act of stopping 停止；停住：The train made a stop at a station where it didn't usually stop.火车在一个通常不停的车站停了下来．2 a place where a train， bus， etc can stop （火车、公共汽车等的）停车站：This is my stop（＝This is where I get off）.我到站了.

stopover/'stpp,əuvə/ a short stay between parts of a journey, as on a long plane journey （旅程）中途停留（如在长途飞行中）

halt／ho：lt／often fml 1 an act of halting 停止；停住 2 a place where something halts 停车站；停下的地方.

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M12 nouns 名词： passages， arrivals， and departures 通过、抵达与开出

passage /'pæsid3/ 1 [U (of)] the action of going across，by， over，through，etc in space 通行；通过；经过：The old bridge is not strong enough to allow the passage of heavy vehicles. 老桥不够坚固，不能让重型车辆通过．2［U（of）］（of time）course；onward flow（时间的）过去；推移；流逝：the passage of the years／of time 岁月／ 时间的流逝3［U］the right or permission to go through or across something 通行权：No single nation should control passage on the sea.任何一个国家都不应控制海上通行权．4［S；U（from，to)] (the cost of) a long journey by ship(or aircraft）（海上、空中）航行；旅行；航行费；船费；旅费：＇A Passage to India＇（E.M. Forster）《印度之旅》（E.M.福斯特著）；He is too poor to afford the passage and he will have to work his pas-sage by doing jobs on the ship.他穷得付不起船费，所以不得不在船上做工来抵偿.bird of pas-sage 1 a bird that regularly flies away to a dis-tant country when the seasons change 候鸟2 (fig) a person who moves about from one place to another, and does not stay in one place for long 飘泊不定的人

coming and going [U] not fml acts of moving about 来来往往；往来：There has been a lot of coming and going between London and Paris lately；what＇s happening？最近伦敦与巴黎之间往来频繁，发生什么事了？

departure /dr'pa:tfə/ [U; C] the action or an act of departing［→M4］离开；出发；背离；差异： What is the departure time of the flight？飞机什么时候起飞？Where do the departures depart from？出发的列车从哪儿开出？The new systemis a departure from our usual way of keeping records.新系统与我们平常的记录方法不同.Thesystem is a new departure.这个制度是个新发展.take one＇s departure（from） fml to leave 离开；动身：It＇s getting late. I had better take my departure.天色晚了，我最好还是走吧.

arrival／ə＇raıvəl／1 ［U； （C）］ the act of arriving 到达；抵达：The arrival of the aircraft has been delayed.飞机要延迟到达.On（my）arrival home I was greeted by my parents.我一到家就受到父母的迎接．2 ［C］ a person who or thing that arrives or has arrived 到达者；到达物：There were several new arrivals in the school.学校里来了几个新生.The new arrival was a large healthy baby boy.新生婴儿是个长得又大又健康的男婴.

destination /destə'neıfən/ [C] a place which is set for the end of a journey or to which some-thing is sent 目的地：He reached his desti-nation two hours late.他抵达目的地时已经晚了两小时.The lovers kept their destination secret.这对恋人秘而不宣他们要去的地方.

entrance /'entrəns/1 [C;U] the act of entering 进人：The entrance of the two teams onto the football field was a great moment.两个球队进人足球场时是个重大的时刻.The young actormade only two entrances （onto the stage）.这

M12 MOVING 运动

位年轻的演员只（在舞台上）出了两次场.Thepolice had to force an entrance into the house．警察不得不破门进入这所房子．2［U］ theright to enter 进入权；加入权：a school entrance examination 入学考试；the entrance money （＝ money which must be paid） to join a club 加入俱乐部的入会费 3［C］ genl a gate， door，orother opening by which one enters 入口；进口处；门口：the entrance to the railway station 火车站的入口处

entry/'entri/1 [C (into)] the act of coming or going in； entrance 进人：Great Britain＇s entry into the war 英国的参战；to force an entry into a building 破门闯入一座大厦2［U］the right toenter 进入权；加入权：You mustn＇t drive into a street with a ＇No Entry＇sign.你切勿开车驶入有“不准驶入”路标的街道．3［C］esp AmE a door，gate，or passage by which one enters 入口；进口处；门口：Leave the boxes in the entry and we＇ll carry them up later.把箱子放在门口，我们稍后会搬上去的.

exit /'egzit/ [C] 1 (often written over a door) a way out， esp from a theatre（常写在门楣上方）出口；（尤指剧院的）安全门；太平门：There＇s an-other exit at the back.后面还有一个出口.Theexit doors are opened at the end of the per-formance．演出结束时，各出口的门都打开．2 anact of leaving, esp of an actor leaving the stage 离去；出去；（尤指演员）退场：Make yourexit through the door at the back of the stage. 从舞台后面的门退场.

welcome/'welkəm/1 [C] a greeting on arrival 迎接：The Queen gave a welcome to the foreign visitors．女王迎接外国客人．2［C］a show of kind acceptance 欢迎：They gave him the same welcome as they would to their own son．他们像欢迎亲儿子那样欢迎他．3［C；（U）］away of receiving or accepting（某种形式的）接待；接受：They gave us a warm（＝ kind） welcome.他们热情地接待了我们.

greeting/'gri:tu/ [C] 1 a form of words or an action used on meeting someone 问候；打招呼； 致意：＇Good morning，＇I said， but she didn＇t return the greeting.我说：“早上好”，可是她一声没吭．2 the words used at the beginning of a letter（用在信开头的）称呼：They sent MrsBrown a letter with the greeting ＇Dear Sir！他们给布朗太太寄了一封信，用的称呼竟是“亲爱的先生”！

greetings /'gri:tujz/ [P] good wishes,esp at special times（尤指节日等的）祝贺；美好祝愿：Send them my Christmas greetings.替我祝他们圣诞快乐.Greetings and best wishes for the New Year.祝贺新年.

regards／rr＇ga：dz／also 又作 wishes／＇wifiz／［P］ an expression of friendly interest 问候；致意： Give him my kindest regards when you see him.你见到他时，请代我向他致以最诚挚的问候.Best regards to everyone！向大家致以最美好的祝愿！She sends you her best wishes for your new job.她为你获得新工作而向你致以最衷心的祝贺.

reception /rI'sepfən/ 1 [C9] fml the act of receiving someone 接待；接见；欢迎：The recep-

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tion he got was not friendly.他受到的接待是不友好的.He got an unfriendly reception.他受到了不友好的接待．2［C］ usu fml an occasion atwhich people can meet an important person or persons 招待会；欢迎会：He went to a special reception to meet the writer of the book.他去参加了一个特别招待会以便会见书的作者.

admission/əd'mıfən/ 1 [U] the allowing or being allowed to enter or join a school, club, building，etc 允许加入或进入（学校、会社、建筑物等）：Soon after his admission he became an officer of the society.他入会不久便当上协会的干事．2［U］the money charged for entrance 入场费：admission free 免费入场 3 ［C］ an act ofallowing someone to enter or join 接纳；录取： How many admissions have been made to the hospital today？医院今天收了多少病人？Go tothe Admissions Office.到招生办公室去.

admittance /əd'mıtəns/ [U] usu fml the allowing or being allowed to enter； right of entry 允许进入；进入权：As the theatre was full I was unable to gain admittance.由于剧院满座，我未能入场.

approach /ə'prəutf/ 1 [U] the act of approach-ing 临近；接近；靠近：Their approach was slow. ～他们慢慢地走近．2［C（to）］a way，road，etc to some place 通往···的路：The approach to the house was beautiful.通往这所房子的路是美丽的.The approaches to the port of Southampton are always busy.通往南安普敦港的各条路交通总是繁忙的．3［C］ an act of coming or going to someone to talk about, suggest, ask for, etc something 接洽；接近；打交道：His approach was direct; he just came and asked for more money.他倒是开门见山；他来是再要钱的.Theyhave made some approaches in the matter but we have not promised them anything.他们就这件事已来接洽过几次，但是我们什么也没有答应他们．4［C（to）］ way of doing （something）方法； 途径：His approach to the question was very successful.他处理这个问题的方法非常成功.

M13 nouns 名词：climbing，ascending， and descending 攀登、上升与下降

climb/klaim/ [C usu sing] 1 a journey upwards made by climbing；the act of climbing 攀登；向上爬：（fig）The minister＇s climb to power had taken twenty years.部长爬上了掌权的地位用了二十年时间．2 a place to be climbed； very steep slope； place where climbing is necessary 需攀登的地方；陡坡：There was a steep climb on the road out of town.城外的路上有一段陡坡.

ascent/ə'sent/ [U; C usu sing] often fml 1 the act of going, moving, climbing, or trvelling up；act of rising； rise 上升；升高；攀登：We made a successful ascent of the mountain.我们成功地爬上了山.He made his first ascent in an aircraft.他第一次乘飞机飞行.（fig）the ascent of man from his original state to modern civi-lization 人类从原始状态发展到现代文明2 a wayup； upward slope， path，etc 斜坡；上坡路：We pushed our bicycles up the ascent.我们推着自

行车上坡.

ascension /ə'senfən/ [U] very fml the act of going, coming, or moving upwards or to a higher position 上升；升高；提高；登上

descent /dr'sent/[C;U] often fml the act or fact of going or coming down 下降；下倾；降下： What is the angle of descent of this hill？这座小山的坡度是多少？The road makes a sharpdescent just past the lake.那条路刚过了湖就下了个陡坡.（fig）His descent into a life of crime made his mother very unhappy.他堕落到靠犯罪过活，这使他的母亲非常难过.

M14 adjectives 形容词：moving 活动的

mobile /'məubail/1 [B] movable; able to move or be moved quickly and easily; not fixed in one position 运动的；活动的；可动的；流动的：Many workmen aren't mobile; if they move to new employment they have difficulties in moving their families.许多工人不能流动，如果换了工作，搬家就有困难了.She＇s much moremobile (= able to move from place to place) now that she＇s bought a car.她因为买了汽车，所以外出活动方便多了.mobile weapons 可移动的武器 2［Wa5；A］ contained and driven from place to place，in a vehicle 装在车上的；用车辆运输的；巡回的：a mobile shop 流动商店；amobile library 流动图书馆3［B］ changing quickly, as of a person's face that quickly shows changes in ĥis feelings or thoughts 多变的；易变的：He has a mobile face， like an actor＇s.他的脸部表情变化多端，活像一个演员.

movable, moveable /'mu:vəbəl/ [B] that can be moved； not fixed in one place or position 可移动的；活动的；不固定的：toy soldiers with mo-vable arms and legs 手脚能活动的玩具士兵

floating /'fləutm/ [Wa5; A] 1 not fixed or settled in a particular place 不固定的；流动的；浮动的：London has a large floating population. 伦敦的流动人口很多．2 tech（of a bodily part）not properly connected or not in the usual place（指身体器官）浮动的；不在正常位置的：afloating rib／kidney 浮肋／浮动肾

motive /'məutrv/ [Wa5; A] usu tech(of power, force，etc） causing movement（指力、力量等） 引起运动的；发动的；起动的；原动的：The windprovides the motive power that turns this wheel.风提供了转动这个轮子的动力.

active/'æktiv/[B] able to act, move, do things, etc 有活动能力的；活跃的；积极的：He is veryactive for his age; he is 75 but gets around like someone much younger.他虽已上了年纪，但仍很活跃；他七十五岁，但像年纪轻得多的人那样到处走动.She leads an active life， always doing things and meeting people.她过着积极的生活， 总是在做事，在会见人.in-［neg］-ly［adv］

busy/'bizi/ [Wal; B] (of places) full of move-ment and life（指地方）繁忙的；热闹的：Thestreets of London are always busy.伦敦的街道总是繁忙的.Oxford Street in London is a busy place.伦敦的牛津街是个熙熙攘攘的地方.-ily[Ape]

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M15 adjectives，etc 形容词等：not moving 不动的

immobile／r＇məubail／［B］ unmoving 不动的；静止的：The cars were immobile.这些汽车停着不动.immobility ［U］ the state or condition of being immobile 不动；静止 immobilize ［T1］ to cause to become immobile; stop from moving 使不动；使静止：When its engine broke down， the car was immobilized for weeks.由于发动机坏了，那辆汽车好几个星期不能开动.He tied himwith ropes so that he was completely immobi-lized.他用绳子把他绑得一动也不能动.

motionless /'məufənləs/ [B] without any move-ment； quite still 不动的；静止的：The cat re-mained motionless,waiting for the mouse to come out of its hole.猫一动也不动，等着老鼠从洞里出来.There wasn＇t the slightest wind to move the motionless flags.没有一丝风吹来拂动那些一动也不动的旗帜.-ly［adv］

static/'stætik/[B] not moving, or able or likely to move 不动的；静的；静态的：Some of ourgroups are static， others mobile.我们中间有些小组是固定的，另一些则是流动的.He leads apretty static life now, but he used to travel a lot.他现在过着相当安定的生活，过去则经常东奔西走．-ally ［adv Wa4］

stationary /'steıfənəri/ [Wa5; B] 1 often fml (of vehicles，etc） not moving（车辆等）不动的；静止的：Do not alight ［→M8］ from vehicles until they are stationary．等车停稳后再下车．2 forstaying in one place; not intended to move or be moved 固定一处的；不会搬动的：These arestationary guns.这些大炮是固定的.

still /stil/ 1 [Wa5; F] esp in commands not moving 不动的；静止的：Keep still while I tie your shoes.我给你系鞋带时，你不要动来动去.Sitstill！＇ she told the child.她对孩子说：“坐好别动！＂2 ［B］ esp lit ＆ poet not moving 静止的；平静的：The still water of the river looked deep and dark.平静的河水显得深邃而阴沉.-ness［U］idle／＇aidl／［Wa5；B］ not working or moving 不动的；静止的；闲着的；空闲的：The machines werelying idle.这些机器闲置着不用.-ness［U］ idly ［adv Wa3］：He sat idly，doing nothing．他坐在那里发呆，什么事也不做.

M16 adjectives，etc 形容词等：moving quickly 迅速运动的

[ALSO→M33]

quick/kwik/ [Wal; B] 1 moving or working at speed 快的；快速的；迅速的；急速的：He＇s quickat his work. 他做事很快.He＇s a quick worker. 他是个干活很快的人．Be quick！ 快点！2 soonfinished 很快完成的：She had a quick drink.她很快喝完了.He gave her a quick answer.他很快就给了她一个答复.-ly［adv］-ness［U］

fast /fa:st/ [Wal] 1 [B] (of persons, animals, vehicles,etc) quick in moving, esp by nature （指人、动物、交通工具等）快的；迅速的；速度快的：That＇s a fast car.那辆车的速度很快.He＇s a fast

M17 MOVING 运动

runner／worker.他跑得／干活快.Go faster！再走快一点！2［adv］quickly 急速地；飞快地：He runsfast.他跑得快.

swift／swift／［Wal；B］ esp lit ＆ poet 1 fast 快的； 快速的；急速的；迅速的：He came to a swift-running river.他来到一条水流湍急的河流旁边.She is a swift runner． 她跑得快．2 ready or quick in action 反应迅速的；行动敏捷的：He gavethem a swift reply．他迅速地给了他们一个答复．3short or sudden 短促的；突然的：She made a swift movement and was gone.她倏地动了一下， 随即走了.-ly［adv］-ness［U］

rapid ／＇ræpid／［B］ 1 quick-moving；fast 快的；急速的；迅速的；动作敏捷的：It was a rapid journey.那是一次快速的旅行.He is a rapid worker.他干活快.The improvement was rapid.进步很快. They asked questions in rapid succession.他们连珠炮似地发问．2（of actions） done in ashort time（指动作）短期完成的：The school promised rapid results in the learning of lan-guages.该学校保证语言学习收效迅速.-ly［adv］-ity [U]

speedy /'spi:di/ [Wal; B] infml doing things or moving quickly 快的；迅速的；敏捷的：That was speedy work. 那真是工作神速.He＇s a speedy worker.他干活快.They provide the speediest service in town.他们提供城里最迅速的服务.-ily[adv]

fleet/fli:t/ [Wa1; B] lit & poet quick in moving 快速的；敏捷的：He is a fleet runner.他跑得快.He is fleet of foot（＝runs fast）.他是个飞毛腿.

hasty／＇heisti／［Wal；B］1 done in a hurry 急速完成的；仓促的；匆忙的：They had a hasty meal／atea hasty meal.他们匆匆吃了饭.It was a hastygoodbye／a hasty decision.那次告别很匆忙／那是个仓促的决定．2a（of people or their acts） too quick in acting or deciding, esp with a bad result（指人或其行为）草率行事的；鲁莽的：She＇stoo hasty, if she would only think before speaking she wouldn't have so much trouble. 她太性急，如果她能想好了再说话，就不会有这么多麻烦了.b quick to get angry 易怒的；暴躁的；爱发火的：You were too hasty in punishing her；she didn＇t mean to do wrong.你对她的处罚操之过急了；她不是想故意做错的.He has a hasty tem-per.他性情暴躁.-ily［adv］-iness［U］

hurried／＇harid／［B］ done in haste 匆忙的；急促的： Hurried work is not the best work.匆匆忙忙做的工作不是最好的工作.-ly［adv］-ness ［U］

rushed／rAft／［F］emph hurried 匆忙的；急促的；被催促的：I feel really rushed； things are very busy at the moment.我真感到忙得不可开交；眼下要做的事情很多.We＇re busy-just rushed off our feet！我们很忙-简直忙得不可开交！

express/Ik'spres/ [Wa5; A] often tech going or sent quickly 特快的；快速运送的：He sent theletter by express post. 他把信用快邮寄出.Shetravelled by express train.她乘快车旅行.

M17 adjectives 形容词：not moving quickly［B］不迅速运动的

slow/sləu/[Wal] 1 not moving or going on

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M18 MOVING 运动

quickly; having less than a usual or standard speed 慢的；缓慢的：I like slow music.我喜欢节奏慢的音乐.It was a slow poison.那是一种慢性毒药.He caught the slow train to Birmingham. 他赶上去伯明翰的慢车．2［（in）；also 又作 B3］taking a long time or too long 迟缓的；费时的：The government was slow in acting/slow to act.政府行动迟缓.She＇s patient and slow to blame others．她很耐心，不常责怪别人．3 notgood or quick in understanding; dull in mind 迟钝的；理解力慢的；领悟力弱的：He is a slowstudent．他是个迟钝的学生．4 not very active； dull 不活跃的；不生动的；呆板的；（生意）清淡的：Ithas been a slow month for trading.这个月贸易不活跃.Business is slow just now.当前生意清淡．5（of a surface） not allowing quick move-ment（指表面）减低速度的；妨碍快速运动的：slowmuddy racing conditions 比赛场地泥泞，妨碍速度-ly［adv］-ness［U］

gentle ／＇d3entl／［Wal，3］ slow and pleasant 和缓的；从容的；轻松的：The horses moved at agentle pace（＝ slowly and pleasantly）.马群轻松地慢步前进．-tly ［adv Wa3］-ness［U］

sluggish /'slagrV slow-moving; not very active or quick 缓慢的；迟钝的；呆滞的：a sluggishstream／car／engine 缓慢的溪水／汽车／发动机；feel-ing rather sluggish in the heat of the day 在大热天里感到有气无力；a sluggish market withlittle trade being done 没有什么交易的呆滞市场-ly [adv]-ness [U]

gradual /'græd3uəl/ happening slowly,esp step by step 缓慢的；渐渐的；逐渐的；逐步的：Therewas a gradual change in the weather.天气渐渐变了.-ly［adv］

M18 nouns 名词：speed 速度 [ALSO→M33]

speed/spi:d/ [U; C] the quality or condition of moving fast 速度；快速；迅速：The car was trav-elling at great speed. 汽车正高速行驶.The speed of the car was 100 k.p.h. (= kilometres per hour）.车的时速为一百公里.The two cars＇speeds were the same.两车的速度一样.

velocity/və'lpsəti/1 [C] tech speed in a certain direction； rate of movement 速度；速率： There'll be strong winds tonight with velocities of 60 miles an hour and more．今晚将有时速为六十英里以上的强风．2［S；U］a high speed （asof a moving vehicle）（指车辆等）高速；快速：The car came round the corner at such a velocity that the driver was unable to keep it on the road.汽车转弯时速度太快，司机无法把车控稳在道路上.b esp lit or fml swiftness （as of events） （事件）迅速；急速：Effects followed upon his foolish action with frightening velocity.各种后果在他做出愚蠢举动之后以快得吓人的速度接踵而来.

pace /peis/ 1 [S] rate or speed in walking, marching or running or (fig) of development, advance of a plan，etc（行走、行军或跑的）速度；（计划等的）进度：The old man can walk only at a very slow pace.老人只能非常缓慢地走.The

plans are being prepared at quite a good pace. 拟定计划的进度良好．2［C］a single step in run-ning or walking or the distance moved in one such step（跑或走时的）步；步幅：If you comeone pace nearer，I will shoot you.你再靠近一步，我就开枪打你.The fence is ten paces fromthe house．篱笆离房子十步远．3［C usu sing］(esp of a horse) a manner or pattern of walk-ing or running（尤指马的）步态；步调；步法：Thenatural paces of the horse are the walk, then the faster trot, and then the canter and gallop. 马的自然步法有慢步、小跑、慢跑步和疾驰.［K199] keep pace with to go forward at the same rate as 与···并驾齐驱；与···齐步前进：Thishorse is too weak to keep pace with the others.这匹马太弱，不能跟别的马并驾齐驱.（fig）You're thinking much too fast for me; I can't keep pace with you.对我来说，你思考得太快，我跟不上你.set the pace to fix the speed for others to copy 定步速；领跑；带跑：If we let thefastest runner set the pace the others will be left behind.如果我们让跑得最快的人带跑，其他的人都将落后.

rate /reit/ [C9] 1 [esp of] a speed,value,cost, etc measured by its relation to some other amount（速度、价值、代价等的）比率；率：Theytravelled at the rate of 100 km an hour．他们以每小时一百公里的速度前进.He must pay at therate of 10 per cent．他必须付百分之十的钱．Thebirth rate is the number of births compared to the number of the people.出生率是出生人数与人口总数之比．2a（usu stated）speed 快速；高速；迅速：He drove at a fearful rate.他以惊人的速度驾车前进.

spurt／sp3：t／［C］ a sudden increase in speed 冲刺；突然加速：In a quick spurt he passed the other runners.他突然加速，超过了其他的赛跑选手.

turn／t3：n／ ［C］ the ability to increase speed 加速能力；冲刺能力（esp in the phr turn of speed 冲刺力）：He has a good turn of speed when he needs it.在他需要时，他有很强的冲刺力.

burst /b3:st/ [C (of)] a strong increase esp of speed（尤指速度的）猛然增加；冲刺：In a lastburst he passed the others and won the race. 他以最后一下冲刺超过其他人，赢得了比赛.

M19 verbs ＆ nouns 动词和名词：particular ways of moving 特殊活动方式

[ALSO → K101]

walk /wo:k/1 [T1; IØ] to (cause to) move on one's feet, at a speed which can be kept for a long time 走；行走；步行；散步；遛；使步行：towalk to town 步行进城；to walk a horse 遛马；towalk（for）10 miles 步行十英里；He likes walk-ing.他喜欢步行.Walking is healthy.散步有益健康.I must walk the dog； he hasn＇t been out today．我必须遛一下狗；今天它还没出去过．2［T1］to pass over， through or along on foot 走过； 沿···走；在···上走：to walk the roads 走马路；to walk a tightrope (= a tightly stretched rope

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or wire high above the ground）走绳索／走钢丝3 [T1] to follow for the purpose of measuring, examining，etc 步测；步行视察：to walk （to） the border 步行巡视边界 4［L9］ lit to follow acourse of action or way of life 处世；生活：to walk humbly in the sight of God 在上帝的照看下谦卑地生活5［IØ］（of a spirit） to move about in a form that can be seen（鬼魂）出现：Do the spirits of the dead walk at night？死人的鬼魂会在夜间出现吗？6［T1］ to cause to move by hold-ing while going on foot 推着···走：to walk a bicycle 推着自行车走7［T1］to cause to move in a manner suggesting a walk 使···行走似的移动： Let's walk this ladder to the other side of the room.让我们把这个梯子一步一步挪到房间的另一头去．8［X9；（T1）］ to go on foot with （some-one） to a particular place 陪···走：I walked her home．我陪她走回家．9［C］an act or occasion of walking 走；步行；散步：Let＇s go for a walk. 我们去散步吧．10［C］ a way of walking 走路姿势：His walk is just like his father＇s.他走路的姿势跟他父亲一样.

step /step/[L9] 1 to put one foot down in front of the other in order to move along 迈步；举步2 to walk 走；步行：Step outside，please．请走出去.Step into the house while you＇re waiting.请你进屋里来等吧．3 to put one＇s foot 踏；踩：Shestepped on a stone and twisted her ankle [→B43］．她踩在一块石头上，扭了脚踝．

run/rAn/1 [IØ] to move on one's legs at a speed faster than walking 跑；奔；跑步：＇Don＇t try to run before you can walk＇（saying）.“不要未学行先学跑”（谚语）.The children came running when she called them.她叫孩子们时，他们都跑了过来.The insect ran up my leg.虫子沿着我的腿向上爬.They ran to help her.他们跑去帮助她.The child ran off to fetch his brother.那孩子跑去叫他哥哥来．2［T1］ to cover （a distance） in this way 跑完（一段路）：He ran a mile in four minutes．他四分钟跑完一英里．3［T1］a to takepart in （a race） in this way 参加赛跑：The chil-dren ran races in the park.孩子们在公园里赛跑.b to cause (an animal) to take part in a race 使（动物）参加赛跑：We won＇t run this horse inany races this season.本季我们将不让这匹马参加任何比赛.（fig） The Party is running three candidates (= people trying to get elected) in the next election.这个党准备在下届选举中派三名候选人参加竞选.c to cause （a race） to happen举行（赛跑）：The bicycle race will be run in Holland next year.自行车比赛将于明年在荷兰举行．4 ［X9； L9］ a to cause （esp a ship or wheeled vehicle） to advance quickly使（尤指船或车辆）迅速行驶：I＇ll run the car into the carpark.我将把汽车很快开进停车场.b（esp of aship or wheeled vehicle) to advance quickly （尤指船或车辆）疾驶；快速行进：The car randown the hill.汽车疾驶下山.The train ran past the signal.火车冲过信号标志.The boat ran into port．小船快速地驶入港口．5［L9；X9］to（cause to） move quickly（使···）迅速移动；掠过：A thought ran through my mind.一个想法闪过我的脑海.He ran his eyes over the list of figures. 匆匆看了一遍那列数字．6［IØ；T1］a（of ma-

M19 MOVING 运动

chines） to work； be in movement（指机器）运转：Don＇t touch the engine while it＇s running. 发动机运转时请别碰.b to cause （a machine） towork or be in movement 开动（机器）；使运转：I＇ll just run the engine for a minute.我只开动一会儿发动机．7［L9；X9：（by， on）］ a （ofmachines) to work (in a stated way or by a stated form of power）（指机器借某种方式或动力）运转：The motor isn＇t running smoothly.马达运转不灵.This machine runs on／by elec-tricity.这台机器是电动的.（fig）Is everything running well in your office？你的办公室是不是一切都运转得很顺利？b to cause （a machine） towork (in a stated way, or by a stated form of power）使（机器借某种方式或动力）运转：Do yourun the trains on oil or by steam power？你们开火车是用油还是用蒸汽？8［IØ； T1］ a （of publicvehicles) to travel as arranged; go to and fro （指公共车辆）按计划来回行驶；定期行驶：Thetrains don't run on Sundays/aren't running today.火车星期天不开／今天不开.This bus runsbetween Manchester and Liverpool/from here to the Town Hall.这辆公共汽车在曼彻斯特与利物浦之间行驶／从这里开往市政厅.b to cause （apublic vehicle） to travel in this way 使（公共车辆）往来行驶：They＇re running a special train to the football match.他们为足球赛加开一列专车.9［Wv4； L9］ （of liquids，sand，etc）a to flow（指液体、沙子等）流动：to wash in running water在流动的水中洗；The tears ran down his face.眼泪流下他的脸颊.The water runs out of the pipeinto the bucket.水从管道流入桶中.（fig）Your arguments run off her like water off a duck's back＇（saying）.你的论点像“水过鸭背”（谚语），对她毫无作用.b to become by flowing（液体或沙子）流得；（因流动）变得：The water ran cold／hot. 水变冷／热了．10［IØ；L7］（of a container）（指容器）a to pour out liquid 流出（液体）：Your nose is running.你在流鼻涕.Is the tap still running？ 水龙头还在流水吗？b to reach（a state）by pour-ing out liquid（因液体流走而）变成：The wellhas run dry． 井干枯了．11［T1；D1］ a to cause （liquids， sand， etc） to flow， esp from a pipe 使（液体或沙子）流动（尤指经管道）：Run the watertill it gets hot.（旋开热水龙头）把水一直放到热水出来.b to fill（a bath）for（someone）为（某人） 注满（洗澡水）：Please run me a nice hot bath. 请替我放一盆热热的洗澡水．12［Wy6；IØ］to meltand spread by the action of heat or water（因加热或加水而）融化；扩散；褪色：The butter willrun if you put it near the fire.黄油放在火旁就会融化.I＇m afraid the colours ran when I washed this shirt.恐怕这件衬衣是在我洗时褪色的．13［L9］to pass；stretch；continue 通过；延展； 伸延；延伸：There was a long passage running from end to end of the house.从房子这端到那端有一条长长的通道.The road runs along theriver bank/over the mountains/through a tunnel．这路沿着河岸／越过群山／穿过隧道延伸．14［T1］ to own and drive （a car）有（汽车）；开（汽车）：He runs a pink Volksauto.他有辆粉红色福克斯牌汽车．15［L9；X9］ not fml a to take(somebody or something to somewhere) in a vehicle（用车）载；送：Can I run you home？我

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用车送你回家好吗？b to go quickly （to some-where） esp in a vehicle（尤指开车到某处）跑一趟：Why not run over and see us one evening？ 何不找个晚上开车过来看看我们？I＇ll justrunacross to Mary's house and borrow some sugar．我去玛丽家跑一趟借点白糖．16［T1(across, into)] to bring (something) into a country unlawfully and secretly 走私；偷运：to run drugs/guns/arms (across the border/into a country）偷运毒品／枪械／武器（过边境／进入一个国家）17［C］an act or occasion of running 跑；奔跑；赛跑：The boys went for a run.男孩子们去跑步了.Let＇s go for a run in the car.我们坐汽车去兜风吧.

ride /raid/1 [IØ; T1] to tavel along, controlling or sitting on （an animal，bicycle，etc）骑（动物、自行车等）；乘（车）：Can you ride？你会骑马吗？Can you ride a horse／bicycle？你会骑马／自行车吗？2［L9］（of a vehicle） to travel over a surface （in a stated manner）（指车辆以某种方式）行驶：This car rides smoothly.这辆汽车走起来很平稳．3［C］an act or occasion of riding 骑马；骑自行车；乘车：They went for a ride on theirhorses／bicycles.他们骑马／自行车去兜了一圈.Let＇s go for a ride in the carla car ride.我们乘汽车去兜风吧.

hitchhike／＇hitf，haik／also 又作 infml hitch／hitf／ [Iø] to go on a journey by being taken in other people＇s cars 搭顺风车（乘别人顺路的车）：Hehitchhiked／hitched across France.他搭顺风车走遍法国.

fly /flai/1 [T1; IØ] to (cause to) move through the air（使）飞；飞行：Birds can fly.鸟会飞.The bird flew from tree to tree.鸟从一棵树飞到另一棵树.The aeroplanes flew east.那些飞机向东飞去.He flew the plane well.他开飞机开得好.Canyou fly（a plane）？你会开飞机吗？Have you ever flown（in a plane）？你坐过飞机吗？2［IØ］to pass quickly 飞快过去：Time flew．光阴飞逝．3［L9］ to move quickly 飞速行驶：The car just flew along.汽车疾驰前进.[→M28. FLYING IN VARIOUS WAYS]

sail /seil/1 [L9; X9] a (of any ship) to travel on the water（指船只）航行；行驶：Watch the ships sail by.注意船只驶过.b to command or direct （any ship） on the water 驾驶（船只）；导航：The captain sailed his ship out to sea. 船长把船驶向大海．2［L9］（of people） to travel by ship 乘船：We sailed across the Atlantic in five days. 我们乘船用了五天时间横越大西洋．3［IØ］to begina voyage 启航；开船：We／Our ship sail（s） to-morrow（for New York）.我们／我们的船明天启航（开往纽约）．4［T1］to move or travel on（water） 航行于：one of the first men／ships to sail the Atlantic Ocean 第一批航行于大西洋的人／船之一5[L9](fig) to move proudly, smoothly,or easily 自豪地、顺利地或轻快地行进：She sailedthrough the difficult examination with no mis-takes.她顺利地通过了困难的考试，连一个错都没有.The birds sailed across the sky.鸟群轻快地掠过天空．He sailed into office with 98 per cent of the votes.他得到百分之九十八的选票，顺利当选上任．6［IØ］ to make short trips as a sport in a small boat with sails 驾帆船（often in the phr

go ·sailing 驾帆船出海）7［C］ an act or occasion of sailing 航行：They went for a sail on the river.他们在河上航行.

swim/swim/1 [IØ] to move through water by moving limbs or a tail 游水；游泳：Some snakes can swim． 有些蛇会游水．2 ［T1］ to cross orcomplete （a distance） by swimming 游过：He swam the river．他游过河．She can swim 100 metres．她能游一百米．3［IØ（with，in）］to be full of or covered with liquid 浸；泡；（被液体）覆盖； 充溢：Her eyes were swimming.她两眼含着泪水.The meat was swimming in fat.这块肉油太多了．4［IØ］ to cause one to feel dizzy ［→＞B111］； （seem to） spin round（使）头昏眼花；眩晕；（似在）旋转：He was hot and tired and his head was swimming.他又热又累，感到天旋地转.Theroom seemed to swim in front of his tired eyes．房间好像在他疲倦的眼前旋转．5［X9］tocause or help to swim 使或帮···游泳：She swam him across，holding his head up.她托着他的头， 帮他游过去．6［C］an act or occasion of swim-ming 游泳：Let＇s go for a swim in the river.我们到河里去游泳吧.

cross/krps/1 [T1; (IØ)] to go, pass, or reach across 越过；穿过；渡过；横过：The soldiers took three days to cross the desert.士兵们花了三天时间穿过沙漠.The bridge crosses the river at its narrowest point. 桥在河的最狭窄处跨越河面.When the green light is on you're allowed to cross the road.绿灯亮时，可以横过马路.Is itsafe to cross？＇ asked the old lady. 老妇人问： “走过去安全吗？”2［IØ］ to lie or pass across each other 交叉；相交：I＇ll meet you at the place in the forest where the paths cross.我将在树林中小路交叉处跟你会面．3［Wv5；T1］to putone of (a pair of things) above and across the other使（成对的东西）交叉重叠：She sat on thefloor with her legs crossed.她盘着腿坐在地板上.He came in, sat down, and crossed his arms on his chest.他走进屋，坐下来，把双臂交叉在胸前．4［T1］（fig）to oppose（someone， his plans， wishes，etc）反对（人、计划或愿望）：She hates being crossed so don＇t argue with her.她讨厌人跟她作对，所以不要跟她争论．5［T1］to draw aline across 划横线穿过：Remember to cross your ＇t＇s when you＇re writing.写“t”时要记住划那道横线．6［Wv5；T1］ to draw two lines across (a cheque) to show that it must be paid into a bank account 在（支票上）划两条线（表明该笔钱必须存入银行账户）：I always send crossedcheques if I need to pay for something by post.如果需要通过邮寄付什么款，我总是寄划线支票．7 ［T1］ to make a sign shaped like a cross on （oneself） as a religious act 划十字：The old lady crossed herself as she left the church.老妇人离开教堂时在胸前划十字．8［IØ；T1］（ofletters in the post, people travlling,etc) to meet and pass（指信在邮寄中或人在旅途中）相交；交错；错过：Your letter must have crossed mine in the post.你的信准是在邮寄过程中跟我的信交错而过.We posted our letters on the same day so they crossed in the post.我们是在同一天发的信，所以两封信在邮寄中交错而过.

traverse /'træv3:s/ [T1] often lit & fml to cross

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越过；穿过；走过；渡过：The road traverses abroad valley and then enters the hills.这条路穿过一条宽阔的峡谷，然后延伸到山里.Theytraversed the valley on foot.他们步行穿过山谷. file/fail/1 [L9] to move in a line, one behind

the other，in a particular direction 排成纵队前进：The people filed in／out／past.人们鱼贯而入／ 出／过．2［GC］ a line of people， esp moving or standing one behind the other, or going in this way in one particular direction-（纵）队人：A file of soldiers passed.一队士兵走过.in single file filing one at a time 成一路纵队；成单行：Thesoldiers passed in single file.上兵们排成一路纵队走过.

roll /rəul/1 [IØ; T1] to (cause to) move along by turning over and over（使）滚动：The round stone began rolling down the hill.圆石开始从山上滚下.Roll the stones down the hill.把石头滚下山去．2［X9］ to form by curling round and round 绕；缠；搓；抟；裹：He rolled the clay into a ball．他把陶土抟成一个球．3［T1 up］ to makeinto the shape of a tube in this way 卷；卷缩： He rolled up the piece of paper.他把这张纸卷起来．4［T1（out）］ tomake flat by rolling some-thing rounded and heavy over it 辗；轧；压：He rolled the grass.他把草皮压平了.She rolled out the soft dough (= material for making bread, cakes，etc）．她压平了面团．5［C］ an act of rolling 滚动：The dog had a roll on the grass. 狗在草地上打滚.

M20 verbs ＆ nouns 动词和名词：walking unevenly，unsteadily，etc 蹒跚、踉跄等

limp/lmp/1[IØ] to walk unevenly usu because one leg has been hurt 一瘸一拐地走；跛行：Thewounded soldier limped badly/limped along the road.那伤兵走路瘸得很厉害／沿马路一瘸一拐地走．2［S］an example of limping 跛行：He walks with a limp.他走起路来一瘸一拐的.

hobble /'hpbəl/ [Wv3] 1 [IØ] to walk in an awkward way，with difficulty 跛行；吃力地走：I hurt my foot, but just managed to hobble along．我伤了脚，但还能蹒跚而行．2［T1］tofasten together two legs （of a horse）把（马的） 双腿绑在一起：The horse has been hobbled so he can＇t run away.已把这匹马的两条腿绑在一起了，所以它跑不掉.

stagger/'stægə/1 [IØ] to have trouble standing or walking； move unsteadily on one＇s feet 摇摇晃晃地站立或行走；蹒跚；踉跄：He was staggeringalong as if drunk.他摇摇晃晃地向前走，好像喝醉了酒一样.I was so tired I could hardly stagger to my feet．我累得几乎连站也站不起来了．2［T1］(fig) to cause to doubt or wonder; seem almost unbelievable to；shock 使怀疑；使震惊： That story staggers the imagination.那个故事令人难以想象.I was staggered to hear such news．听到这样的消息，我大为震惊．3［C］an un-steady movement of a person having trouble walking or standing 摇晃地站立或行走；蹒跚

totter /'tptə/ [L9; (IØ)] to walk with weak un-

M21 MOVING 运动

steady steps 以软弱而摇摇晃晃的步子走路；蹒跚；踉跄：The old lady tottered down the stairs.老太太踉踉跄跄走下楼.

shamble /'fæmbl/ [L9] usu derog to walk awk-wardly or carelessly， dragging the feet 蹒跚而行；拖着脚步走；踉跄地走：The old tramp sham-bled wearily up the path.那个年老的流浪汉疲惫不堪、蹒跚地走上小径.

waddle /'wpdl/ [IØ] to walk with short steps, swinging from one side to the other, like a duck（像鸭子一样）摇摇摆摆地走：The fat manwaddled up to her.那个胖男人摇摇摆摆地向她走来.

lurch/l3:tf/1[IØ] to move with irregular sudden movements 蹒跚；东倒西歪地走；踉跄：Thewounded man lurched across the field.伤者踉踉跄跄地走过田野．2［C］ a sudden movementforward or sideways 突然前冲；突然向侧面倾倒：The boat gave a lurch towards the rocks.小船突然向礁石倾斜过去.

tiptoe ／＇tip，təu／ ［IØ］ to walk on the toes 踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走：He tiptoed towards the bedroom，trying not to be heard.他踮着脚尖朝卧室走去，想不让人听见.on tiptoe tiptoeing 踮着脚尖：He went on tiptoe across the room.他踮着脚尖走过房间.

M21 verbs ＆ nouns 动词和名词：walking gently，etc 轻轻地走等

amble /'æmbəl/1 [L9] infml to walk at an easy gentle rate 漫步；从容不迫地走：I ambledaround the country roads for an hour.我在乡间小道上漫步了一个小时．2［IØ］（of a horse） tomove at an easy rate by lifting the two legs on one side and then the two on the other（指马） 溜花蹄；缓行（同侧两脚同时举起而行）3［S］infml（a walk at） an easy gentle rate 从容不迫的速度（步行）；漫步：They came along at an amble.他们漫步走来.

stroll /strəul/ 1 [L9] to walk, esp slowly, for pleasure 散步；闲逛；溜达 2［S］ an unhurried walk for pleasure 散步；闲逛；溜达：He went for an evening stroll.他傍晚散步去了.

saunter/'so:ntə/1 [L9] to walk in an unhurried way 闲逛；漫步：I sauntered along the street with nothing to do．我在街上闲逛，无所事事．2［S］ rare a stroll 散步；闲逛；漫步

wander /'wpndə/ 1 [IØ (about);T1] to move about (an area) without a fixed course, aim, or purpose 漫游；漫步；徘徊； 闲逛：We love wan-dering （about）（the hills）.我们喜欢（在山里）漫游．2［IØ］（esp of streams，roads， etc） to follow a winding course（尤指河流、道路等）蜿蜒流向前；迂回曲折地向前延伸：The river wandersthrough some very beautiful country.河流蜿蜒流过一些非常美丽的地方．3［IØ（off）］（fig）tomove away（from the main idea）离开（正题）： Don＇t wander off the point．（说话）不要离题．4 [Iø](fig) (of people or thoughts) to be or become confused and unable to follow an ordinary conversation（指人或思想）混乱；心不

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在焉；（神志）恍惚：I＇m afraid the old man＇s mind is wandering.恐怕那老人的思维已混乱不堪了.

M22 verbs ＆ nouns 动词和名词：walking strongly，etc 健步走等

[ALSO→C310-11]

stride/straid/1 [L9] to walk with long steps or cross with one long step 大步走；阔步走；跨过：He strode out.他大步走出去.He strode over the stream．他大步跨过小溪．2［C］the act of making long steps 大步；阔步：In a few strides he crossed the room.他跨了几大步就穿过了房间.

strut/strat/[IØ] to walk in a proud, strong way, esp with the chest out and trying to look im-portant 趾高气扬地走；抬头挺胸地走；高视阔步：The male bird strutted in front of the female. 雄鸟神气活现地在雌鸟面前走来走去.The winnerstrutted forward to receive his prize.得胜者趾高气扬地上前领奖.

swagger/'swægə/1 [IØ] to walk with a swing-ing movement, in a way that shows too much self-confidence or self-satisfaction 昂首阔步；大摇大摆地走：He swaggered down the street after winning the fight.他打赢了架后，在街上昂首阔步地走．2 ［S；U］ an over-confident and self-satisfied manner，esp of walking 狂妄自大；自鸣得意；（尤指）昂首阔步：He walked down thestreet with a swagger.他昂首阔步地走在街上.

march/ma:tf/1 [IØ] to walk with a regular, esp forceful step like a soldier（齐步）前进；行进；行军：They watched the soldiers marching.他们观看士兵齐步行进.The army marched all night／20 miles．军队行军走了一整夜／二十英里．She wasvery angry and marched out of the shop.她非常生气，大步走出商店.（fig） Time marches on.时间在前进．2［X9］to force to walk（away）迫使···走；押送···走：The little boy behaved badly so she marched him up to bed.小男孩非常淘气，于是她强迫他上楼睡觉.They caught the thiefand marched him off(to the police station). 他们抓住了小偷，把他押走（押送到警察局）．3［theU］ the act of marching 齐步行进；行军；进军：The soldiers went past at the march (= march-ing）．士兵们齐步走过．4［C］the distance cov-ered while marching in a certain period of time（在一定时间内行军的）路程；行程：It was ashort/a day's march from the city to the camp.从城里到军营的行军路程很短／要一天.Theymade several night marches during army training．在军训期间，他们进行了几次夜间行军．5［S （of）］regular movement forward（有规律的） 进行；进展：the march of time 时间的推移6［C］a pieceof music played in regular time, as of the movements in marching 进行曲：The band played a slow march followed by a quick march.乐队演奏了一支缓慢的进行曲，随后又演奏了一支快速的进行曲.line of march tech theplace or direction in which marchers move 行军路线on the march 1 moving forward 行军中；

行进中：The army were on the march at six o＇clock．六点钟的时候，军队已在行进中．2（fig）moving ahead and improving 进展中；进行中；改进中：Science is on the march.科学正在进步.

pace／peis／1 ［L9］ to walk with even steps 踱步： The lion paced back and forward.那只狮子来回踱步．2［T1（out）］ to measure an area by this means 用步量；步测：He paced （out） the length of the hall．他用步子量出大厅的长度．3［T1］toset the speed (pace) for a walker, runner, etc by going in front of him or her（在前面）带···跑（以定速度）；为···定步速（或速度）：He pacedthem for a kilometre.他带着他们跑／走了一公里.

parade /pə'reid/1 [C] a march, esp as a way of showing how good soldiers are, marking an important occasion，etc 游行；（军队的）检阅2 ［IØ（past）］ to march in a parade 游行；列队行进： The soldiers paraded past the king.士兵们列队从国王面前走过．3［T1］often deprec to make ashow of 炫耀；夸耀； 展示：She paraded her new jewels so that everyone could see them.她把新珠宝展示出来，使大家都能看见.

procession /prə'sefən/ [C] a line of people, vehicles, etc moving slowly forward behind each other，esp as part of a ceremony（人或车辆的）行列；队伍（尤指某种仪式）：Who is in theprocession today？今天行进的队伍里都有谁？

M23 verbs ＆ nouns 动词和名词：walking long and far，heavily，etc 长时期和长途步行、沉重地行走等

hike/hark/1[IØ] to travel about the country,or an area, on foot or without regular use of a vehicle 长途徒步旅行2［C］ a long walk in thecountry, such as one taken by a group of people for a whole day 远足：They came back tired （out） from their hike over the hills.他们从山里远足归来，累得精疲力竭.（fig）That longhike up the hill has tired me out.长时间爬山把我累得精疲力竭．3［IØ］ to go on a hike 去远足

tramp/træmp/1 [L9] to walk with firm heavy steps 重步行走；用沉重的脚步走2［L9；T1］towalk through or over （a place） 走过；走遍：I enjoy tramping through the hills on a sunny day.我喜欢在晴朗的日子里到山里徒步漫游.Thechildren tramped the woods looking for berries. 孩子们走遍树林寻找浆果．3［L9；X9］also．又作trample to press repeatedly with the feet 踏； 踩：Someone trampled on my toes on the bus. 有人在公共汽车上踩了我的脚趾.The farmer wasvery angry to find that his com had been trampled down by the children.农夫非常生气， 因为发现他的玉米被孩子们踩倒了．4［C］a longwalk 远足：They went for a tramp in the hills. 他们到山里去远足.

stamp /stæmp/1 [L9; T1] to push (one's foot) down heavily 跺脚；踩；踏：She stamped （her foot）in anger．她气得直跺脚．2［L9］ to walk in this way 踏步走；重步走：He stamped angrily out of the house．他愤怒地跺着脚走出屋子．3［C］an act of stamping 跺脚；重踏：the stamp of a

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horse＇s foot 马的跺脚

stump/stamp/[L9] to walk heavily and stiffly 以笨重的步伐行走：He was stumping about inhis heavy shoes.他穿着厚底鞋笨重地走来走去.

trudge/trad3/ [L9] to walk with heavy steps, slowly and with effort 沉重地跋涉；艰难地行走：The defeated soldiers trudged through the deep snow back towards Paris.吃了败仗的士兵在深雪中跋涉，向着巴黎退去.He had to trudge（for） 20 miles to get home．他要跋涉二十英里才回到家里.

clump/klamp/1 [L9] to walk with slow heavy noisy footsteps 以缓慢重踏的脚步行走：Sheclumps around／about in her heavy boots.她穿着厚重的靴子咚咚地四处走动．2［S］a heavy slowsound， such as that made by slow footsteps 缓慢沉重的声音（如缓慢重踏的脚步声）

plod /plod/ [T1; L9, esp along, on] to walk slowly，esp with difficulty and great effort（尤指困难及很吃力地）沉重缓慢地走：The old manplods along， hardly able to lift each foot.那老人步履艰难地走着，双脚几乎都提不起来.

ramble/'ræmbl/[Wv3] 1 [IØ (about, through, among)] to go on a long walk with no particu-lar plan 漫游；漫步：They rambled through the woods.他们漫步穿过树林.We rambled about for hours in the old city.我们在古城漫游了几小时．2［IØ （about）］ （fig） to talk or write in a disordered and wandering way 漫谈；聊天；漫笔： The old lady began to ramble (about the days of her youth）.那位老妇人开始闲聊（她年轻时候的事）．3［Wv4,6；IØ］（of a plant） to grow loosely in all directions（植物）蔓生；蔓延：The wild roses rambled all over the fence.野玫瑰在篱笆上到处蔓延．4［C］a long walk with no par-ticular plan 漫游；漫步：They went for a ramble in the woods.他们到树林里去漫游.

trek/trek/1 [L9] to make a long hard journey 作艰苦的长途旅行；长途跋涉：The settlers trekkedacross the desert to their new home.移民们长途跋涉，走过沙漠到他们的新家园去．2［C］such ajourney 长途跋涉：The trek across the desert lasted many weeks.穿越沙漠的跋涉耗时几周.

M24 verbs 动词：running and moving quickly，etc 快跑与快动等

[ALSO →M33,K101]

race/reis/[IØ, 3; X9] to (cause to) go very fast （使）快跑；（使）快走：He came racing across the road.他飞快地跑过马路来.They raced to gethelp.他们飞快地跑去求援.We raced the sickwoman to hospital.我们赶忙把病妇送往医院.（fig）The holidays raced by. 假期很快过去了. Her heart was racing （with fear）.她（因害怕而） 心跳得很快.

dash /dæf/ 1 [L9;(IØ)] to run quickly and suddenly 快跑；急奔；猛冲：I must dash（off）to catch a train.我必须快跑去赶火车.He suddenlydashed into the street.他猛然冲上大街.They＇ve been dashing about all day.他们已经东跑西颠了一整天．2［X9；L9］to（cause to） strike with great force（使）猛撞；（使）冲击：The waves

M25 MOVING 运动

dashed the boat against the rocks.巨浪使小船猛撞在岩石上.The waves dashed against the rocks．波浪猛烈地击在岩石上．3［X9；L9］ to(cause to) break by being thrown with great force 击碎；碰碎；摔碎：The glass bowl dashed to pieces against the stone floor.那只玻璃碗掉在石地上摔成碎片．4［T1］（fig） to destroy orruin（hopes，spirits，etc）使（希望）破灭；使（精神）沮丧：The angry letter dashed my hopes that we could remain friends.我以为我们仍可以做朋友，可是那封措辞激烈的信使我的希望破灭了.

career/kə'rıə/ [L9] to move at great speed,usu dangerously 急驰；猛冲：The car careered past us and crashed into the wall.汽车从我们身旁急驰过去，猛撞在墙上.at full career going as fastas possible 全速地；开足马力地：The horse wasrunning at full career when it fell and broke its leg.马正全速奔驰，忽然摔倒跌断了腿.

tear／teə／ ［L9］ infml to move quickly 飞跑；急奔； 疾驰：The boy tore along on his bicycle.那个男孩骑着自行车向前猛冲.Cars tore past us.一辆辆汽车从我们身旁飞驰而过.

rip／rip／［L9］ infml to go very fast 猛冲；飞速行进： The fast car ripped past us.那辆快速的汽车从我们身旁急驶而过.

belt／belt／［L9］ infml to go or drive very fast 飞驰；猛开（汽车等）：He was just belting along in his car.他只顾开着车飞驰.

pound/paund/ [L9] to move quickly but heavily 脚步沉重地快跑：The great animals pounded to-wards him.这些庞大的动物脚步沉重地朝他跑去.

zoom/zu:m/1 [IØ] (of an aircraft) to go quickly （esp upwards）（飞机）迅速飞行（尤指陡直上升）；作急速跃升飞行：The plane zoomed up.飞机陡直上升.（fig）The cost of living just zoomed.生活费用直线上升．2 ［L9］ infml （of a driver orvehicle） to go quickly（司机或车辆）猛开；飞驰：The car zoomed along the road.汽车在路上飞驰.Jack went zooming past in his new car.杰克开着新汽车飞驰而过.

zip/zip/[L9] to make the sound of something moving quickly and suddenly through theair or of cloth tearing 以尖啸声迅速行进；嗖嗖作响地飞；发出撕裂声：The bullet zipped through the air.子弹嗖的一声从空中飞过.

sweep /swi:p/ 1 [T1; L9] to (cause to) move quickly（使）快速移动；猛冲：The aeroplanes swept across the sky. 飞机掠过天空.The run-ning water swept the leaves away.流水把树叶一下冲走了．2［L9］to extend over a large area in a curve（蜿蜒着）伸展；连绵；延伸：The new roadsweeps right round the old town.这条新路紧绕着旧城而延伸.sweeping［B］（esp fig） moving quickly and having a powerful effect 迅速而有效的：He made sweeping changes in the law. 他大刀阔斧地修改了法律.

M25 verbs ＆ nouns 动词和名词：running and moving lightly and quickly，etc 轻快地跑和动等

scamper /'skæmpə/ [L9] to run quickly and

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M26 MOVING 运动

usu playfully 跳跳蹦蹦地快跑；奔跑：The mousescampered into its hole.老鼠窜进洞里.Chil-dren were scampering about in the garden.孩子们在花园里蹦蹦跳跳跑来跑去.

scurry/'skari/1 [L9] to move in haste esp with short quick steps 急匆匆地跑或走；（尤指用小步）疾走；急赶：The mouse scurried into its hole when the cat appeared.猫一出现，老鼠就急忙窜进洞里.She scurried about the house picking up her children's toys where they had left them.她急急忙忙在家里各处把孩子们丢下的玩具捡起来．2［S］ a movement or esp sound of scurrying 急速的奔跑；（尤指）急速奔跑的声音：Heheard the scurry of feet in the hall.他听见大厅里急促的脚步声.There was a general scurry to leave the building at 5 o＇clock．五点钟时大家都急急忙忙要离开大厦.

scuttle/'skatl/ 1 [L9] to rush in short quick movements，esp to escape；scurry 快跑（尤指逃跑）；急促奔逃；急赶：The children scuttled offlaway when they saw the policeman.孩子们一见警察就四下逃窜．2［S］ an act of rushingaway 快跑；急促奔跑：There was a general scuttle for shelter when the rain began to fall heavily.雨开始下大时，大家都急忙跑去躲避.

scramble/'skræmbl/1[L9] to move in a hurry, esp over a rough or steep surface（匆忙地）爬行（于不平或陡峭的表面）；攀登：Little animalsscrambled away as we came near.我们走近时， 小动物都仓皇逃跑.I scrambled up the rock fora better look at the sea.我爬上岩石，以便更好地观看大海．2［I3；L9，esp for］ to struggle or compete with others eagerly or against diffi-culty（乱糟糟地）争夺；勉强拼凑：The peoplewere scrambling for shelter/scrambling to get out of the way.人们在争相寻找藏身之处／争相站到路边，把路让开.I had to scramble to find themoney to pay.我不得不东拼西凑把该付的钱弄来.3 [S] an act of moving or climbing esp over a rough surface 爬； 攀爬： It＇s quite a scramble to get to the top of the hill.要费相当大的劲才能爬到山顶．4［S］an eager and disorderly struggle 争夺；乱夺：There is always a scramble for the best seats.为了抢最好的座位，经常乱成一团.

dart/da:t/1 [L9] to move suddenly and quickly 急冲；猛冲；突然而急速地奔跑：He dartedout／towards the door.他突然冲出去／朝门口冲去.Insects were darting about before the storm. 暴风雨前，昆虫东冲西撞．2［X9］to send out sud-denly and quickly 猛投；猛射：The snake darted out its tongue. 蛇猛地吐出舌头.He darted anangry look at his enemy.他狠狠地瞪了自己的敌人一眼．3［S］ an act of darting 突进；急冲：Hemade a dart for the door.他向门口冲去.

bolt/bəult/1 [IØ] (esp of a horse) to run away suddenly，as in fear（尤指马）突然狂奔；惊跑：My horse bolted and threw me in the mud.我的马惊了，把我摔在泥里．2［IØ］ infml（of a person） tohurry away（指人）急忙走开：The thief bolted when he saw the policeman.小偷一见警察，就慌忙逃跑．3［T1（down）］to swallow hastily 急忙吞下：He bolted（down）his breakfast.他匆忙吞下早餐．4［S］an act of bolting 逃跑；（马）突然狂奔：The horse did abolt.马突然狂奔.make a bolt

for to try to escape quickly by means of 通过··· 急忙逃走：He made a bolt for the door／made a bolt for it（＝tried to run away）.他想夺门而逃／ 想急忙逃走.

M26 verbs ＆ nouns 动词和名词：crawling and creeping，etc 爬行与匍匐前进等

crawl/kro:l/1 [IØ] to move slowly by drawing the body close to the ground or floor or on the hands and knees 爬行；匍匐前进：The baby crawled across the room.那个婴儿爬过房间.The wounded soldier crawled behind the wall for protection．那个伤兵爬到墙后躲避．2［IØ］togo very slowly 徐徐向前；缓慢地移动：The roadswere very busy as the bus crawled home.公共汽车慢慢驶回去时，路上交通十分拥挤．3［IØ］to becompletely covered by worms, insects or other such animals（被蛆虫或其它动物）爬满：Don＇teat that apple； it＇s crawling with worms.别吃那个苹果；上面爬满了虫子.The child＇s hair wascrawling so the teacher advised her to wash it thoroughly.那孩子头发上爬满了虱子，所以老师劝她把头发好好洗一洗.（fig）After the explosion the town was crawling with police.爆炸发生后， 城里到处都是警察．4［IØ］（fig） to have an un-pleasant sensation, as of worms, insects,etc, moving over one＇s skin 身上起鸡皮疙瘩；有虫爬在身上的感觉；毛骨悚然：The sight of snakesmakes my flesh crawl.一看到蛇我就毛骨悚然.As it grew darker in the ruined church our flesh began to crawl with terror.当夜色渐渐降临破落的教堂时，我们开始感到恐怖，怕得身上直起鸡皮疙瘩．5［IØ］（fig）infml to try and win the favour of someone of higher rank by being too nice to them,doing small jobs for them, etc 巴结；拍马屁：She＇s not very clever，but she always gets good marks because she crawls to her teacher.她不很聪明，但是总得高分，因为她很会巴结老师．6［S］a very slow movement 缓慢地行进：The traffic went at a crawl.车辆缓慢地行进，像爬行一般.

creep/kri:p/1 [IØ] to move slowly and quietly with the body close to the ground（身体贴近地面而且悄悄地）爬行；匍匐前进：The cat creptsilently towards the mouse.猫悄悄地向老鼠爬过去. The thief crept noiselessly along the pas-sage.小偷悄悄地沿着通道爬行.The policemancrept up on the criminal and seized him from behind．警察偷偷逼近罪犯，从后面将他一把抓住．2［L9］ to move or advance slowly 缓慢地移动或前进：The sea crept slowly up the shore.海水慢慢地涨上海岸.The roads were very busy so we could only creep home.路上车辆拥挤不堪，我们只好慢慢地把车开回家.One hardly notices theway old age creeps up on one.人们很少注意年事怎样悄悄地使我们变老．3［Wv4；IØ］ to growalong the ground or a surface（沿着地面或表面）蔓延；蔓生：Many grasses spread by creep-ing.很多种草都是蔓延生长的.It＇s a creepingplant．这是一株蔓生植物．4［IØ］（fig） to have an unpleasant sensation, as of worms, insects, etc

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moving over one＇s skin 毛骨悚然；皮肤上似有虫爬的感觉：Her flesh crept with fear.她吓得毛骨悚然．5［C］ sl an unpleasant person who tries to win the favour of a person of higher rank, esp by praising insincerely（喜欢巴结他人的）讨厌的家伙；马屁精6［U］ the slow movement ofloose soil，rocks，etc（松动的土壤、岩石等的）缓慢运动：soil creep 土壤的蠕动

wriggle /'rigl/1 [IØ] to twist from side to side either in one place or when moving along 扭动；蠕动；蜿蜒而行：He wriggled uncomfortably on the hard chair.他坐在硬椅子上，不舒服地左右扭动.Worms wriggled across the wet path. 虫蠕动着爬过潮湿的小路.The hole was full ofwriggling snakes．洞里满是蜿蜒爬行的蛇．2［T1］also 又作 wiggle to move （a part of the body） in this way 扭动；摆动（身体的一部分）3［C］also又作wiggle a wriggling movement 扭动；蠕动

slither /'slıðə/ [L9] to move in a slipping or twisting way like a snake（蛇般）滑行；蜿蜒：The creature slithered down the tree.那动物从树上滑行而下.

slide/slard/1 [IØ; T1] to (cause to) go smoothly over a surface（使）滑动；（使）滑行：He slid along the ice.他在冰上滑行.He slid his glass across the table top．他把杯子从桌面上滑过去．2[L9] to pass smoothly or continuously; go slowly and unnoticed；slip 溜过；溜掉；悄悄走掉： She slid out of the room when no one was looking.趁没人注意，她悄悄地溜出了房间.Heslid over/around the question without answer-ing it.他避开问题，不作回答.He just let thingsslide (= gradually stopped taking care) after his wife died．妻子死后，他对一切都听之任之．3［C］ a downward turn； a fall 跌落；滑落：to stop the slide in living standards 制止生活水平的下降4［C］ a slipping motion over a surface 滑行； 滑动：The car went into a slide on the ice.汽车在冰上打了滑.

slip／slip／1［IØ］ to slide without wanting to 滑倒； 滑跤；失足：She slipped on the wet stones and fell．她在潮湿的石头上滑倒了．2［L9］to movequickly and quietly 悄悄地迅速移动；溜走：Sheslipped past us in the dark.她在黑暗中从我们身旁溜过．3［L9］to go without being seen，felt， noticed，etc 溜走；（时间）不知不觉地过去：Shewas happy and the time just slipped past.她很高兴，时间在不知不觉中就过去了．4［IØ］to fall，slide， etc from some usu stated place 滑落；滑掉：The greasy plte slipped from her fingers and broke on the floor.那只油腻的盘子从她手里滑脱，掉在地板上摔碎了.

sidle /'saidl/ [L9 (up)] to walk asif ready to turn and go the other way, esp secretively or nervously（尤指鬼鬼祟祟或胆怯地）悄悄地走：Hesidled up to the stranger on the street and tried to sell him the stolen ring.在街上，他鬼鬼祟祟地走到陌生人身边，想向他兜售偷来的戒指.

sneak/sni:k/1 [L9; X9] to (cause to) go quietly and secretly; go or take so as not to be seen （使）偷偷摸摸地走；潜行：They tried to sneakpast the guard. 他们想偷偷地溜过警卫.Hesneaked around to the back door.他悄悄地绕到后门.He tried to sneak his little brother into

M27 MOVING 运动

the theatre without paying.他企图让他的小弟弟不买票而偷偷混进戏院．2［T1］sl to steal secretly偷窃：The boy was caught sneaking an apple from a shop.那男孩在商店里偷苹果时被抓住了.slink /slıgk/ [L9] to move quietly and secretly, as if fearful or ashamed 鬼鬼祟祟地走；潜行；溜走：He slunk away into the night.他趁着夜色溜走了.The dog slunk（off）into its corner.那条狗溜到它自己的角落里去.

M27 verbs 动词： loitering and lingering， etc 徘徊与逗留等

loiter /'lortə/ [IØ] to move on or move about, stopping often 走走停停；徘徊；闲逛：The police-men saw someone loitering near the shop.警察看见有人在商店附近徘徊.

linger /'lingə/ [L9, esp on] 1 to wait for a time instead of going；delay going 拖延不走；推迟走； 逗留；徘徊：She should have gone out but lingered over her meal till it was too late.她早该出去的，可是吃饭却慢吞吞，吃完时已太晚了.Shelingered around the door telling the story of what had happened.她在门口拖拖拉拉的老是不走，讲述着所发生的事情．2 to live on the point ofdeath for some time, esp when suffering from a disease 苟延残喘；缠绵病榻：Better that sheshould have died peacefully than linger (on) for months.她本应平静地死去，那总比拖上几个月要好．3 to be slow to disappear 慢慢消失：Thepain lingered on for weeks.疼痛持续了几个星期后才消失.We don＇t need to get up early any more，but the habit lingers on.我们现在用不着再早起了，但是这种习惯还是改不掉.

hang about also 又作 hang around ［v adv； prep] BrE infml 1 [IØ; T1] to wait or stay near or in (a place), often without purpose or activity 闲荡；无所事事地逗留或等候：She hungabout for an hour， but he didn＇t come.她无所事事地等了一个小时，但他没有来.Young peopletoday are always hanging about (the house) doing nothing，＇he said angrily.他愤怒地说：“今天的年轻人总是（在家）荡来荡去什么也不干．”2［IØ］ to delay or move slowly 拖延；行动迟缓： Don't hang about; we've got a train to catch. 别拖泥带水的，我们还得赶火车呢．3［IØ］also又作hang on to wait on purpose 等待：Hang on／ about for a bit；I＇ll soon be ready.稍等一下，我马上就准备好了．4［T1］ deprec to be friendlywith 友好相处；交朋友：I don＇t want my sonhanging around（with） that nasty girl！我不想我的儿子跟那个讨厌的女孩子来往！

mill about also 又作 mill around ［v adv IØ］ to move without purpose in large numbers esp without going anywhere 成群乱转：The crowd／ the cattle were milling about in the streets.人群／牛群在街上团团乱转.

loll /lol/1 [L9, esp about, around] to be in a lazy loose position 懒洋洋地坐卧或靠着：Shewas lolling in a chair，with nothing to do.她懒洋洋地靠在椅子上，什么事也不干．2［T1；IØ：（out）］to（allow to） hang down loosely 垂下；伸出：His

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M28 MOVING 运动

head lolled，as if he was falling asleep.他垂着头，好像要睡着了.The dog＇s tongue lolled out. 狗的舌头伸了出来.

lounge/laund3/[L9, esp about,around] to be in a lazy, loose position or move in á lazy loose way 懒洋洋地靠、倚、躺着；闲荡；闲逛：Helounged about the house, doing nothing but getting in our way while we were working.我们工作时他却什么也不干，在屋子里乱转，碍手碍脚的.

M28 verbs ＆ nouns 动词和名词：flying in various ways 各种方式的飞行

[ALSO→M19 FLY]

soar/so:/ [IØ] esp lit 1 to fly;go fast or high (as) on wings； sail in the air 翱翔；高飞：The birds were soaring overhead．鸟群在空中翱翔．2 ［Wv4］（fig） to go upward， esp far or fast 猛升； 高涨：They lived in times of soaring prices.他们生活在物价飞涨的时期.The temperaturesoared to 80° on May 1．五月一日那天气温骤升到华氏80度．3［Wv4］（fig） to go beyond what is ordinary or limiting 超出（平常范围或限度）：＇Let your spirit soar，＇he said.他说：“要振奋精神！”She has a soaring imagination.她的想象力超乎寻常．4［Wv4,6］to be very high 高耸；耸立；屹立：He looked at the soaring mountains／ buildings.他望着那些高高的山峰／楼宇.The cliffssoared 500 feet into the air．悬崖高耸入云，高达五百英尺．5（of a motorless aircraft （glider） or the people in it） to go through the air（滑翔机或驾滑翔机者）在空中滑翔

swoop /swu:p/ 1 [IØ (down)] to descend sharply，esp in attack 猛然下降（尤指为了攻击）；俯冲：The plane swooped down on the town. 飞机向城市俯冲下来．2［IØ］to rush on someoneto attack 向某人猛扑过来；突然袭击：She waitedoutside the door and swooped on him when he came out.她守在门外，他一出来，就猛扑过去.3 ［C usu sing］ a swooping action 猛然下降；猛扑；突袭：The police made their swoop at night and the robbers were caught.警察在夜间来了个突袭，把强盗一网打尽.

skim/skim/[T1] to move quickly over or lightly touching （a surface）， esp when flying（尤指飞行时）轻轻掠过；擦过：The plane flew so lowthat it just skimmed the water.飞机飞得极低， 正好擦过水面.

flap/flæp/1 [IØ; T1] to wave (something large and soft, like wings) slowly up and down or to and fro making a noise 拍动（翅膀等）；（用大而软的东西）拍打；拍击：The large bird flapped its wings.大鸟拍动着翅膀.She flapped a news-paper at the insect.她用报纸拍打小虫.Sheflapped at the insect with a newspaper.她用报纸拍打小虫．2［IØ］（of smething large and soft， like wings) to move slowly up and down or to and fro，making a noise（指翅膀等）振动；（大而软的东西）摆动；飘动；拍打：The sails flapped inthe gentle wind.帆在微风中飘动.Her wet skirt flapped against her knees.她的湿裙子拍打着她的膝盖．3［L9］（of a bird） to fly（slowly）（指鸟）

（慢慢地）振翅而飞：It flapped slowly off.它慢慢地展翅飞去．4［C］an act of flapping 拍动；摆动；飘动；拍打：The big bird gave an angry flap of its wings.大鸟愤怒地拍打着翅膀.

float/fləut/ [IØ (down, along, past)] to move slowly, noiselessly, and gently (through the air）（在空中）飘浮；飘荡：The clouds floated past them asthey stood on the high moun-tain.他们站在高山上，云从他们身旁飘过.

glide /glaid/1 [L9] to move (noiselessly) in a smooth continuous manner, which seems easy and without effort 滑动；滑行；滑翔：The boat glided over the river.小船在河面滑行.Fishes were gliding about in the lake.鱼儿在湖里游来游去．2［IØ］ to use a sort of plane （glider） which has no engine but follows movements of the air currents 用滑翔机飞行3［C］a gliding movement 滑动；滑行；滑翔

hover/'hpvə/ [IØ] 1 (of birds, certain aircraft, etc） to stay in the air in one place（指鸟、某些飞机等）盘旋；翱翔：The hawk hovered over the mouse before catching it.鹰在抓老鼠之前先在它上空盘旋．2（of people） to wait around one place（指人）徘徊；逗留；守候在近旁：They hov-ered behind the window trying to catch his attention.他们在窗后徘徊；试图引起他的注意.（fig）A question hovered on his lips.问题到了嘴边，他却欲言又止.（fig）He＇s hovering between life and death.他正处于生死边缘.

M29 verbs，etc 动词等：driving and steering，etc 驾驶与掌舵等

drive /draiv/1 [T1; IØ] to guide and control (a horse or vehicle） 赶（马）；开（车）；驾驶：He drove a horse／a cart／a car.他赶马／赶马车／开汽车.She drives well.她的驾驶技术很好.He／They drove to the station／in the park.他／他们开车去车站／在公园里开车.He was driving when theaccident happened．事故发生时，他正开着车．2［T1］ to take （someone） in a vehicle 用车载（某人）；驾车送（某人）：Can you drive me to the station？你能开车送我去车站吗？3［T1］to directforce onto （a thing）驱动；推动：The engines drive the ship.发动机驱动轮船.An oil engine drives the pump. 柴油机带动水泵.to drive aball 击球；to drive a nail 敲钉子4［L9］（of a vehicle) to perform or go in the stated way （车）开起来···：This car drives easily.这车很好开．5 ［C］ an occasion of driving or being driven 驱车；开车；驾驶；乘坐（车辆）：Let＇s go fora drive.我们开车去兜风吧.

motor /'məutə/ [IØ] esp BrE becoming rare to travel by car, esp by one that is privately owned；drive 驾驶；开汽车；乘汽车：We spent all day by the sea and motored home in the even-ing.我们在海边玩了一整天，晚上才开车回家.

pilot／＇pailət／1［X9］ to help and guide 引导；指导；引领：He piloted the ship safely into har-bour.他把船安全地引进港内.（fig）He pilotedthe old lady through the crowd to her seat.他领着老太太穿过人群，走到她的座位上．2［X9，esp

872

through] to guide carefully to a successful result 小心引导（以至成功）：This politician has piloted several suggested laws through Parlia-ment.这位政治家曾引导几项法律提案在议会获得通过．3［T1］ to act as a pilot to （an aircraft or ship）驾驶（飞机或船）：John pilots his own pri-vate aeroplane.约翰开自己的私人飞机.

steer /stiə/1 [X9; L9] to direct the course of （as a ship or vehicle）驾驶（船或车辆）；掌舵引导：They steered the boat into the wind/by the stars.他们驾驶着船逆风航行／他们靠星辰辨向行船.He steered the car around the corner.他驾车拐过街角.（fig）She tried to steer the conver-sation towards her favourite subject.她试图把谈话引向她喜爱的话题．2［X9；L9］ to go in orhold to （a course）；follow （a way）沿（某路线） 行进；取（道）：The boat was steering （a course） for the harbour.船朝港口驶去.We turned the car around and steered for home.我们掉转车头，驶向归途.（fig）I tried to steer a course between their approval and disapproval.我试图在他们赞成与反对两种意见中找个折衷的方案．3[L9] (of a ship or vehicle) to allow being di-rected（指船或车辆）被驾驶：How does your car steer？ Does it take the corners well？你的车开起来怎样？拐弯时顺畅吗？steer clear（of） notfml to keep away from；avoid 避开；避免：He steered clear of all the doubtful questions.他避开了所有暧昧的问题.

guide /gaid/ [T1] 1 to control (the movements of）操纵；指导：I guided the car carefully into the garage.我小心地把车开进停车场.（fig）Thegovernment will guide the country through the difficulties ahead.政府将领导国家渡过前面的难关．2 to show（someone）the way by directing 为···带路；给···领路；引导：He guided the man through the streets to the railway station.他领那男人穿过街道到火车站去.He guided themaround the Art Show.他带领他们参观艺术展览.The light guided them back to harbour.灯光指引他们驶回海港．3 ［usu pass］ to influencestrongly 强烈影响：Be guided by your feelings and tell her the truth before it＇s too late.按你的感觉行事，及早对她讲实话吧.

navigate /'nævə,geit/ 1 [IØ; T1] to direct the course of （a ship， aircraft，etc）驾驶；（为船、飞机等）领航：to navigate by the stars（＝ using the positions of stars as a guide）靠星星领航；Is that big ship easy to navigate？那艘巨轮容易驾驶吗？（fig） Get in the car； I＇ll drive if you （hold the map and）navigate.上车吧！假若你（拿着地图）指引方向的话，我就开车．2［T1］to goby sea, air, etc from one side or end to the other （of a place）（从空中或海上）横越：He wasthe first man to navigate the Atlantic by air. 他是第一个飞越大西洋的人.The ship navigatedthe narrow sea passage safely.船安全地驶过狭窄的海道.（fig）When you walk down，be care-ful how you navigate the stairs！下楼时要当心那些楼梯！navigation ［U］ the skill or act of navigating ships，aeroplanes，etc 航行；航海术； 飞行术 navigator ［C］ a person skilled at nav-igating; a person given the work of navigating a vehicle 精于航海术者；领航员

M31 MOVING 运动

fly/flai/[T1; IØ] to cause (an aeroplane) to go through the air 开（飞机）：He flew the plane to New York.他开飞机去纽约.Can you fly？你会开飞机吗？

cruise/kru:z/ 1 [IØ; T1] to sail in a unhurried way (across), searching for enemy ships or for pleasure 巡航；（在海上）巡游；游弋：British ships are cruising in the North Sea to protect our fishing boats.英国军舰在北海巡逻来保护我们的渔船．2［Wv4；IØ］（of a car，plane，etc） to move at a practical rather than high speed in order to make best use of petrol，oil，etc（指汽车、飞机等）以经济巡行速度（最省汽油的速度）行驶：The car has a cruising speed of 60 miles an hour．这车最省油的速度是每小时六十英里．3［C］a sea voyage for pleasure 海上游览：They went on a cruise to the Greek islands.他们乘船去希腊群岛游览.

bus／bAs／［IØ；T1］to （cause to） go by bus 乘公共汽车；用公共汽车运送：They bussed to school.他们乘公共汽车上学.They bussed the children toschool.他们用公共汽车送孩子们上学.

ferry/'feri/ [IØ;T1] to (cause to) move on or in a vehicle, esp a ferry, or to go to a place again and again as a ferry does 以渡船等运载；摆渡；（多次）运送：They ferried him across the river in their little boat.他们用小船渡他过河.All daythe planes ferried the soldiers from the city to the mountains.飞机整天不停地把士兵从城市运往山区.

M30 verbs 动词：going on a bicycle，etc 骑自行车等

[ALSO→M96]

cycle /'saikəl/ [L9; X9] to ride or travel on a bicycle 骑自行车；骑车旅行：He cycles every day. 他每天骑自行车.She cycled the distance easily. 她轻松地骑车走完这段路程.

bicycle /'baisikal/ [IØ] esp formerly or AmE to cycle 骑自行车：They enjoy bicycling.他们喜欢骑自行车.

pedal/'pedl/1 [X9; L9] to move (a bicycle) along by pushing the pedals [→M103] with the feet 蹬（自行车）：He pedalled the bicycle up the hill.他蹬着自行车上山.I was just pedalling along．我随便蹬着车走一走．2［T1］ to work （amachine） by using pedals 踩···的踏板：Pedal-ling a bicycle is very tiring work.骑自行车是很累人的．3［IØ］to work the pedals of a machine 踩踏板：His legs are too short to pedal.他的腿太短了，踩不着踏板.

M31 verbs 动词：moving faster and slower 加速与减速

accelerate /ək'seləreit/ often fml 1 [IØ; T1] to （cause to） move faster（使）加速；（使）加快2 ［T1］ （fig） to cause to happen earlier 使提前发生；促使···早日发生：Can you accelerate the

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M32 MOVING 运动

workers＇ payment？ 你能够提前支付工人的薪酬吗？acceleration ［U］ the act of accelerating； the ability to accelerate 加速；加速能力：The car＇s acceleration was very good.这车的加速性能很好.

decelerate /di:'seləreit/ [IØ; T1] often fml to （cause to） go slower（使）减速；（使）降低速度： We decelerated (the engine) long before we came to a stop.我们在停车前早就减了速.decel-eration [U] the act of decelerating;the ability to decelerate 减速；减速能力

speed/spi:d/ 1 [L9;. X9] to (cause to) go or pass quickly（使）急行；迅速驶过：I saw a car speeding away.我看见一辆汽车急速开走.Thetime sped quickly by. 光阴飞逝.They took action to speed the new law through Parlia-ment.他们采取行动使这项新法律在议会迅速通过.2 [IØ] (usu used in pres p) to go or drive too fast；break the speed limit 超速行驶：＇Was I really speeding, officer?' she asked in surprise. 她吃惊地问：“警官，我真的超速了吗？”

speed up [v adv IØ; T1] not fml to (cause to) go faster（使）加速：Can you speed things up a bit？你能把事办快一点吗？The car began tospeed up.汽车开始加速.

slow /sləu/ [IØ; T1: (up, down)] to (cause to) go at a slower speed（使）慢下来；（使）减速：The car slowed（down）.汽车放慢了速度.Don＇t slow up now！现在别慢下来！Something is slowing up the work.有些事情在延误这项工作.（fig）Youshould slow down; you're working too hard. 你干得太卖力了；别太猛了.

change/tfeind3/esp BrE,shift/jift/esp AmE [IØ (up, down; into, to)] to cause the engine of a vehicle to be in a different (higher or lower） gear，usu to go faster or slower 变换（汽车的）排挡；换挡：Change into second gear when you go up the hill.上山时要换到第二挡.Change down before going up the hill, and then change up at the top.上山前要换到低挡，到山顶后再换到高挡.change gears BrE， shiftgears AmE to make a change in speed and power by causing the engine of a vehicle to be in a different gear 变速；换挡：Change gear at the bottom of the hill.到山脚时换一下挡.（fig） After beginning the speech seriously, he changed gear and told some jokes.他开始演讲时很严肃，随后话题一转，讲了一些笑话.

M32 verbs 动词：coming to a stop，

moving away，etc 停下、离开等

draw up [v adv IØ] (of a vehicle) to get to a certain point and stop（车）到某地停下：The car drew up and three men got out.车停住了，三个人从车上下来.

draw out [v adv IØ] to move faster out of esp a line of other vehicles (and begin to pass them）驶离一排车辆，并加速超越它们：The bigcar drew out suddenly.那辆大轿车突然加速超车.

draw in ［v adv IØ］ to arrive 到达：The train／car drew in.火车／汽车到了.

draw away [v adv IØ (from)] 1 to get further and further ahead 领先（超出）越来越远：Ourboat is drawing away (from the others in the race）.我们的船（在比赛中）开始领先（于别的船）了．2［also 又作 T1］to move away， usu quickly （迅速地）躲开：She drew（herself）away from him when he tried to kiss her.他要吻她时，她连忙闪开了.

draw apart [v adv IØ] to get further and further away（from each other）（彼此）越离越远：The two boats/political parties are drawing apart. 两船／两党间的距离越来越大.

pull in [v adv] 1 [IØ] (ofa train) to arrive at a station（火车）到站2［IØ］also 又作 pull over (of a vehicle or boat) to move to one side （and stop）（车或船）靠边（停下）：Let＇s pull in here by the river and rest.我们靠河边停下来休息一下吧.pull-in［C］ a place by the roadside where vehicles may stop and where drinks and light meals may be obtained 路边停车饮食处；路边外卖小吃店

pull out [v adv] 1 [IØ] (of a train) to leave a station（火车）离站；驶出 2［T1；IØ：（of）］ to （cause to） leave （a place or time of trouble） 离开；撤离：He saw that the firm was going to be ruined，so he pulled out.他看到公司要倒闭，就离开了.

pull up [v adv]1 [T1; IØ] to (cause to) come to a stop（使）停下：The car pulled up outside the station．汽车在车站外面停下了．2［IØ（to，with）］ to come level (with another competitor in a race）追上（另一赛跑者）

pull over [v adv T1; IØ] to direct or move (one's vehicle） over to one side of the road 把（车）靠在路边：The policeman drove just in front of me and gave me a sign to pull over.警察驶到我前面，并示意我把车停靠到路边.

overtake /,əuvə'teık/ 1[T1;IØ] to come up level （with） from behind （and perhaps pass）追上； 赶上；超越：A car overtook me although I was going very fast.虽然我的车开得很快，但有一辆汽车还是追上了我.Don＇t overtake on this road. 在这条路上不要超车．2［T1］（fig）（of something unpleasant) to reach suddenly and unex-pectedly（指不愉快的事）突然降临：A strongwind/A sudden illness overtook him unex-pectedly.他突然遇到一阵强风／得了急病.We havebeen overtaken by events (= new (and un-pleasant) events have happened that have destroyed our plans）.我们遇到了突然的事故（＝突发的事故破坏了我们的计划）.

overhaul /,əuvə'ho:l/ [T1] to overtake (another vehicle） esp over a longer distance 追上（另一交通工具）；赶上；超越（尤指经过较长距离）：He leftfive minutes ago; we may be able to overhaul him if we drive fast.他走了五分钟，如果我们把车开快点，或许能追上他.

brake /breik/1 [T1] less common to cause to slow or stop by (or as if by) a brake (= a means of stopping a vehicle）刹车减速或停住： He braked the car．他把车刹住了．2［IØ］ common to use a brake 用刹车：He braked suddenly.他突然刹车.

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M33 verbs ＆ nouns 动词和名词：hurrying and rushing 匆忙与急促

[ALSO→M16,18,24]

hurry/'hari/1 [IØ; T1] to (cause to) be quick in action，sometimes too quick（使）赶快；（使）加快；（使）匆忙；催促：Don＇t hurry；we＇re not late. 别着急，我们还不算晚.He hurried across theroad in front of a car.他匆忙地从一辆汽车前横过马路．Don＇t hurry me．别催我．2［X9］to send or bring quickly 急送；急派；急运：Doctors and nurses were hurried to the accident.医生和护士迅速被派往出事地点．3［U］quick activity 匆忙：After all the hurry I was glad of a rest.忙过一阵以后，我很高兴能休息一会． 4 ［U］ need forhurrying 需要忙；急忙：There＇s no hurry to return the book．不必急着还这本书．in a hurry1too quickly 匆忙地；仓促地：You make mistakes if you do things in a hurry.做事匆匆忙忙就容易出错．2 eager 着急：You＇re never in a hurry to get up in the mornings．你早晨从不急着起床．3without difficulty 没有困难地；轻易地：I won＇t forget her kindness in a hurry.我不会轻易地忘记她的好意的．4 infml willingly 愿意地；情愿地：Iwon't help her again in a hurry when she's been so ungrateful.她如此忘恩负义，我不愿再帮她了．in no hurry 1 willing to wait 愿意等候：I＇m in no hurry to go．我愿意等等再去．2 noteager 不着急：I＇m in no hurry to go out in the rain．我不急于在雨中外出．3 unwilling 不愿意：I'm in no hurry to help her after what she did. 她干出这种事之后，我可不愿意帮助她.

hasten /'heisən/ often fml 1 [T1; IØ] to (cause to） move or happen faster（使）加快；（使）赶紧； 催促：He hastened his steps.他加快了步伐.He hastened home．他急忙回家．2 ［I3］ to be quick (to say) because the hearer may imagine something else has happened 赶快（说）：Let me hasten to tell you that your son is not badly hurt, although it was a serious accident. 我得赶紧告诉你，虽然事故很严重，但你儿子伤得并不重.haste［U］ often fml hurry 急忙；紧迫；仓促：Why all this haste？为什么这么匆匆忙忙的？In his haste (to do it) he forgot a lot of other things.他在匆忙中把很多别的事情都忘了.

rush／raf／ 1［IØ］ to hurry；act quickly 赶快；匆忙； 仓促行动：There＇s plenty of time； we needn＇t rush．时间多着呢，我们不必急．2［L9；X9］to(cause to) move suddenly and hastily in the stated direction（使）急忙冲去（朝所述方向）：They rushed up the stairs/out into the street/ towards their mother／all over the place.他们冲上楼梯／到街上／向母亲／到处乱跑.Doctors andmedical supplies were rushed to the place of the accident.医生和医药用品被火速送往出事地点．3 ［T1］ to do （a job） hastily and perhaps not carefully 冒失地做；匆匆地做（某事）：Let thebutter melt slowly； you mustn＇t rush it.让牛油慢慢融化；你不可硬来．4［T1（into）］ to force（someone） to act or decide hastily 催促；催赶： Let me think about it and don＇t rush me.让我想一想，别催我.I was rushed into buying these expensive boots.我是被人催着买下这双昂贵的靴

M34 MOVING 运动

子的．5［T1］ to attack suddenly and all together 一齐突然袭击：Perhaps if we all rush him atonce he＇ll drop his gun.如果我们一齐向他猛扑过去，他或许会把枪扔下的．6［C］a sudden rapidhasty movement 突然猛冲猛扑：The cat made little rushes after the ball.猫追着球扑过来又扑过去.There came a sudden rush of water out of the hole．从洞里猛地冒出一股水来．7［U］notfml（too much）haste（过于）仓促；（过于）匆忙； 急匆匆：We needn＇t leave yet； what＇s all the rush？我们还用不着走，急什么呀？We＇ve got topaint the kitchen before tomorrow; it's a rush job．我们一定得在今天油漆好厨房，这可是急活．8［U］ great activity and excitement 热潮：I hate shopping during the Christmas rush when everyone＇s buying presents.我讨厌在圣诞节大家抢购礼物期间去买东西．9［S3,9］a sudden greatdemand 大量需求；急需：There＇s been a rush to see the new playla rush for tickets for the football match.人人都争着要看这个新剧／抢购足球赛入场券.rush someone off his feet to make someone hurry too much or work too hard催促某人匆忙行动；使某人忙得不可开交：I＇vebeen rushed off my feet all day at the office and I＇m tired.我在办公室整天都忙得不可开交，现在累极了.

rush into [v prep T1] to go into (a state or con-dition） hastily and without enough thought 贸然行事（in phrs like rush into marriage 仓促成婚）：Don＇t rush into it without thinking very carefully.没有仔细考虑好，不要贸然行事.

shoot／fu：t／1［L9］to go fast or suddenly 突然冒出；飞速行进；疾驰：Blood shot out of thewound.血从伤口喷出.He shot past me in his fast car．他开着快车从我身边飞驰而过．2［Wv4；L9］（of pain） to move fast along a nerve（疼痛等）使人突然感受到：Pain shot through his arm.他感到手臂一阵剧痛.It was not an ache but ashooting pain.这不是一般的疼痛，而是一阵剧痛.3 ［T1］ to pass quickly by or along 快速经过：a car shooting traffic lights 一辆闯红灯的汽车；a boat shooting the rapids ［→L96］飞速穿过激流的船4［T1；IØ］ a to move （a sliding locking bar） across 插上或打开（门闩等）b（of such abar） to move across（门闩）插上或打开：He shot the bolt (of the door) so that nobody would get in.他插上门闩，使任何人都不能进来.

stampede/stæm'pi:d/ 1 [C] a rush, esp of animals，esp when excited or frightened（尤指动物）惊跑；乱窜：There was a stampede among the horses/frightened people when the fire started．失火时，马／惊慌的人们四处乱窜．2［IØ；T1］to （cause to） rush like this（使）惊跑；（使）乱窜：The horses stampeded.马群受惊乱跑.Don＇t stampede the horses！不要惊了马群！

M34 verbs ＆ nouns 动词和名词：following， chasing，and hunting 跟随、追逐与搜索

follow/'fpləu/1[T1; IØ] to come, arrive, go,or leave later (than); move behind in the same direction 跟在后面；跟随：That dog＇s following

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