=== a === a /ə/ strong form 强读式 /eɪ/ (also亦作 an) indefinite article 不定冠词 中 例 词语辨析 WHICH WORD Would you like a drink? 你想喝点东西吗？ A dog has four legs. 狗有四条腿。 He's a teacher. 他是教师。 She phones her mother three times a week. 她每星期给母亲打三次电话。 The carrots cost 50p a kilo. 胡萝卜每公斤 50 便士。 ‘ Worse , ’ said Minerva . ‘ And they say trees are sacred ! ’ She looked at him and gave an unhappy sigh . ‘ Poor Castus , ’ she said . ‘ What a pity you look more like your mother than your father . ’ === A level === A level /ˈeɪ levl/ noun 名词 中 例 Look also at GCSE . 另见 GCSE 。 === ad === ad /æd/ (informal非正式) 中 例 Soon Mr Beilsperg , the film producer , and his team arrived to put the dogs through their paces and to choose the new star for the Krunchkins dog food ad . === AD === AD /ˌeɪ ˈdiː/ abbr . 缩略式 中 例 1066 AD 公元 1066 年 Look at BC . 见 BC 。 === ah === ah /ɑː/ exclamation 感叹词 中 例 Ah, here it is! 呀，在这儿！ Ah, this coffee is good. 啊，这咖啡真好喝。 Ah, I see what you mean. 啊，我明白你的意思了。 ‘ Ah – I hadn ’ t thought of that , ’ said Freya . ‘ This could mean trouble . . . ’ === AI === AI /ˌeɪ ˈaɪ/ 中 例 Humans vs robots: intelligence Are robots as smart as people ? Not yet ! Today's most advanced robots can carry out tasks on their own , which is called being autonomous . Some autonomous robots can even teach themselves how to do their tasks more efficiently . However , no robot has the capability to ask , 'Why do I have to carry out this task at all ? ' Robot scientists think we are still decades away from developing robots that can think and question like a human – a concept called artificial intelligence ( AI ) . === am === am /əm/ strong form 强读式 /æm/ 中 例 ‘ I am your Fairy Godmother , ’ said the old hippo . ‘ Why are you crying ? ’ === an === an /ən/ strong form 强读式 /æn/ indefinite article 不定冠词 中 例 I ate an apple. 我吃了一个苹果。 It costs £2 an hour to park your car here. 在这里停车每小时两英镑。 Look at the note at a . 见 a 的注释 。 The call handler keeps the caller calm . If an ambulance is needed , they pass on information to the paramedics . === AR === AR /ˌeɪ ˈɑː(r)/ noun 名词 中 例 [no plural 不用复数形式] I don't really like AR games. 我不大喜欢增强现实游戏。 === as === as /əz/ strong form 强读式 /æz/ adv . 副词 , conj . 连词 中 例 Paul is as tall as his father. 保罗跟他父亲一样高。 I haven't got as many clothes as you have. 我的衣服没有你的多。 I'd like it done as soon as possible. 我想尽快把它做完。 Just as I was leaving the house, my phone rang. 我正要出去，我的电话就响了。 Please do as I tell you! 请照我说的去做！ The ‘h’ in ‘honest’ is silent, as in ‘hour’. * honest 一词中 h 不发音，和 hour 一样。 As she was ill, she didn't go to school. 她因病没去上学。 ‘ Because they are the same size as empty dinner plates . ’ === as === as /əz/ strong form 强读式 /æz/ prep . 介词 中 例 She works as a manager for a big company. 她在一家大公司当经理。 I used my shoe as a hammer. 我把我的鞋子当锤子用。 They all dressed as cats for the show. 他们都扮成猫去演出。 ‘ Because they are the same size as empty dinner plates . ’ === at === at /ət/ strong form 强读式 /æt/ prep . 介词 中 例 They are at school. 他们在学校。 Jane is at home. 简在家。 The answer is at the back of the book. 答案在书的后面。 I go to bed at eleven o'clock. 我十一点睡觉。 At night you can see the stars. 晚上你看得到星星。 Look at the picture. 看这幅图。 I smiled at her. 我朝她笑笑。 Somebody threw an egg at the President. 有人向总统扔鸡蛋。 I'm not very good at maths. 我的数学不怎么样。 We were travelling at about 50 miles per hour. 我们以每小时约 50 英里的速度行进。 He left school at 16(= when he was 16 years old). 他 16 岁离开了学校。 The two countries are at war. 两国正在交战。 We were hard at work. 我们那时在努力工作。 We laughed at his jokes. 听了他的笑话，我们大笑起来。 Look at the note at dot . 见 dot 的注释 。 Castus ’ s heart leaped with excitement . He couldn ’ t believe it . The Governor was giving him the chance to go into battle against the Britons , even at his young age ! He could avenge his father ’ s death . === act === act /ækt/ verb 动词 中 例 (acts, acting, acted) Doctors acted quickly to save the boy's life after the accident. 事故发生后，医生迅速行动，抢救男孩的生命。 Stop acting like a child! 别再表现得像个孩子了！ SAME MEANING perform . 同义词为 perform 。 PHRASES act as something He acted as manager while his boss was ill. 老板生病时，他代行经理职务。 ‘ It must be fake , ’ said Odi . ‘ Maybe my dad made it to try to be funny . When he thinks I ’ m messing around he says it ’ s ridiculous . Maybe he thinks I act like … ’ === act === act /ækt/ noun 名词 中 例 词语辨析 WHICH WORD an act of kindness 善行 an act of Parliament 议会法案 She seems very happy, but she's just putting on an act. 她看上去很开心，但其实是装出来的罢了。 This play has five acts. 这出戏共有五幕。 ‘ It must be fake , ’ said Odi . ‘ Maybe my dad made it to try to be funny . When he thinks I ’ m messing around he says it ’ s ridiculous . Maybe he thinks I act like … ’ === add === add /æd/ verb 动词 中 例 (adds, adding, added) Mix the flour with the milk and then add the eggs. 把面粉和牛奶搅拌好再加入鸡蛋。 Add your name to the list. 把你的名字加进名单里。 If you add 2 and 5 together, you get 7. * 5 加 2 等于 7。 Add $10 to the total, to cover postage and packing. 总额上再加 10 美元，作为邮资和包装费。 subtract . 反义词为 subtract 。 ‘Go away – and don't come back again,’ she added. “走开——别再回来。”她又加上一句。 PHRASES add something up The waiter hadn't added up the bill correctly. 服务员没算对账。 add up to something How much does all the shopping add up to? 买的东西加起来总共多少钱？ ‘ You will need proof that you hate us Romans , ’ added Suetonius . ‘ You will be whipped , enough to convince the Britons that you have been punished and desire revenge . Have you been whipped before ? ’ === age === age /eɪdʒ/ noun 名词 中 例 表达方式说明 SPEAKING I started work at the age of 16. 我16岁开始工作。 She is seven years of age. 她七岁。 We waited ages for a bus. 我们等公共汽车等了很久。 She's lived here for ages. 她在这儿住很久了。 the computer age 电脑时代 the history of art through the ages 各个时代的艺术史 the Stone Age(= when people used stone tools) 石器时代 Her hair was white with age. 她年纪大了，头发也白了。 age verb 动词 ( ages , aging or 或 ageing , aged /eɪdʒd/ ) As he aged, his memory got worse. 他年事渐高，记忆力随之变差。 ‘ But there ’ s no mention of an age limit on the sign-up form , ’ Adya ’ s mum interrupted . === ago === ago /əˈɡəʊ/ adv . 副词 中 例 His wife died five years ago. 他妻子在五年前去世了。 I learned to drive a long time ago. 我很久以前就学会开车了。 PHRASES long ago Long ago there were no cars. 很久以前没有汽车。 This is the Tudor family tree . The Tudors were the English royal family hundreds of years ago . The family tree shows us who the kings and queens were . === aid === aid /eɪd/ noun 名词 中 例 [no plural 不用复数形式] He walks with the aid of a stick. 他拄拐杖走路。 We sent food aid to the earthquake victims. 我们给地震灾民送去食品援助。 PHRASES in aid of somebody or something a concert in aid of Children in Need 为“拯救儿童”慈善活动筹款的音乐会 ‘ Hang on , dear , I ’ ll turn this up . ’ Great-Gran fiddled with her hearing aid , which gave out fearsome howls . ‘ What ? ’ she said . === aim === aim /eɪm/ noun 名词 中 例 Kate's main aim is to find a good job. 凯特的主要目标是找到一份好工作。 With one last effort , she took aim and blew the bubble as hard as she could ( and for a superhero that was hard ) . === aim === aim /eɪm/ verb 动词 中 例 ( aims , aiming , aimed /eɪmd/ ) We should aim for a better result next time. 下次我们应该争取更好的成绩。 He's aiming to leave at nine o'clock. 他打算九点钟离开。 This book is aimed at teenagers. 这本书的对象是青少年。 The farmer aimed his gun at the rabbit and fired. 农夫把枪对准了兔子，然后开了枪。 With one last effort , she took aim and blew the bubble as hard as she could ( and for a superhero that was hard ) . === air === air /eə(r)/ noun 名词 中 例 [no plural 不用复数形式] Please open a window – I need some fresh air. 请打开窗，我需要吸点新鲜空气。 He threw the ball up into the air. 他把球抛到空中。 Will you be travelling by air or by sea? 你会坐飞机还是坐船？ an air ticket 机票 PHRASES on air , on the air This radio station is on the air 24 hours a day. 这个广播电台一天 24 小时播音。 She had to let her father know , but later , when he was away from the Council . She knew that if she aired her thoughts now , Urien would insist the boy was killed . === all === all /ɔːl/ adj . 形容词 中 例 All cats are animals but not all animals are cats. 所有的猫都是动物，但并非所有的动物都是猫。 She's eaten all the bread. 她把面包吃光了。 It rained all day. 雨下了一整天。 The sound engineer mixes the sound from all the microphones and instruments , so the audience hears everything properly . === all === all /ɔːl/ pron . 代词 中 例 I invited thirty people to the party, but not all of them came. 我邀请了三十人参加聚会，但并不是所有人都来了。 Are you all listening? 你们都在听吗？ All I've eaten today is one banana. 我今天只吃了一根香蕉。 PHRASES ( not ) at all I didn't enjoy it at all. 我一点儿也不喜欢。 The sound engineer mixes the sound from all the microphones and instruments , so the audience hears everything properly . === all === all /ɔːl/ adv . 副词 中 例 She lives all alone. 她独自一人生活。 He was dressed all in black. 他穿着一身黑衣服。 PHRASES all along I knew all along that she was lying. 我一开始就知道她在撒谎。 all over We've looked all over for that ring. 我们到处找那枚戒指。 The sound engineer mixes the sound from all the microphones and instruments , so the audience hears everything properly . === amp === amp /æmp/ noun 名词 中 例 === and === and /ənd/ strong form 强读式 /ænd/ conj . 连词 中 例 fish and chips 炸鱼薯条 The cat was black and white. 那是只黑白花猫。 They sang and danced all evening. 他们整晚又唱又跳。 Attackers move the ball up the pitch and score goals . === ant === ant /ænt/ noun 名词 中 例 King Codger leapt out of bed and jumped about the room as if he had ants in his pants . ‘ Call for the Ladies Goldie-Ox and Wolverina ! We shall settle the future of the kingdom once and for all ! ’ === any === any /ˈeni/ adj . 形容词 , pron . 代词 中 例 Have you got any money? 你有钱吗？ I don't speak any Spanish. 我不会说西班牙语。 She asked if I had any milk. 她问我有没有牛奶。 I want some chocolate but there isn't any. 我想要些巧克力，但没有了。 Look at the note at some . 见 some 的注释 。 Come any day next week. 下周随便哪一天来吧。 Take any book you want. 你想要哪本书就拿哪本书。 A very long time ago , the sheep that lived on the planet Clovenhoof knitted a spaceship out of wool . They visited all the nearby planets looking for other sheep , but there weren ’ t any . === any === any /ˈeni/ adv . 副词 中 例 I can't walk any faster. 我无法走得更快了。 Is your dad feeling any better? 你爸爸好些了吗？ I don't want any more. 我不再要了。 A very long time ago , the sheep that lived on the planet Clovenhoof knitted a spaceship out of wool . They visited all the nearby planets looking for other sheep , but there weren ’ t any . === ape === ape /eɪp/ noun 名词 中 例 Gorillas and chimpanzees are apes. 大猩猩和黑猩猩都是类人猿。 Look at the picture at chimpanzee . 见 chimpanzee 的插图 。 ‘ There ’ s no such charity as Save Our Baboons , Apes , Monkeys and Gorillas , ’ I muttered . === app === app /æp/ noun 名词 中 例 (computing 电脑) I've got an English dictionary app on my phone. 我手机上有一个英语词典应用程序。 ‘ Why would the app be going wrong for some people but not others ? ’ I heard James say . === are === are /ə(r)/ strong form 强读式 /ɑː(r)/ 中 例 Midfielders are good at attacking and defending . They hold the team together . === arm === arm /ɑːm/ noun 名词 中 例 图解词汇VISUAL VOCABULARY Put your arms in the air. 把手臂举起来。 He was carrying a book under his arm. 他腋下夹着一本书。 PHRASES arm in arm The two friends walked arm in arm. 两个朋友挽臂而行。 Aithne patted her robe . ‘ I , too , am armed , and have learned much about fighting from my father . ’ === art === art /ɑːt/ noun 名词 中 例 He's studying art at college. 他在大学学美术。 modern art 现代美术作品 an art gallery 美术馆 a career in the arts 艺术生涯 the art of letter writing 书信写作技巧 She has an arts degree. 她拥有一个文科学位。 There were no courses where you studied ‘ Invention ’ : they were called Architecture or Art or Design or Cooking . The interesting thing for me was the invention , the purpose . So I had to work out the courses , and what the world would let ‘ Invention ’ be called . T . H . === ash === ash /æʃ/ noun 名词 中 例 [no plural 不用复数形式] cigarette ash 烟灰 === ask === ask /ɑːsk/ verb 动词 中 例 ( asks , asking , asked /ɑːskt/ ) I asked him what the time was. 我问他几点了。 ‘What's your name?’ she asked. “你叫什么名字？”她问道。 Liz asked the teacher a question. 利兹向老师问了个问题。 I asked Sara to drive me to the station. 我让萨拉开车送我到车站去。 I asked my teacher if I could go home. 我问老师我可不可以回家。 I asked if I could go home early. 我问了我能不能早点回家。 Mark has asked me to a party on Saturday. 马克邀请我星期六参加派对。 PHRASES ask for somebody Phone this number and ask for Mrs Green. 打这个电话号码找格林太太。 ask for something He asked for a new bike for his birthday. 他说他生日要一辆新自行车。 ‘ Are they ? ’ he asked . ‘ Are the Romans preparing to attack us ? ’ === ate === ate 中 例 Dustbin did not do healthy eating . He ate junk food . In fact he ate junk . === ATM === ATM /ˌeɪ tiː ˈem/ 中 例 === axe === axe /æks/ (British 英式英语)(American 美式英语 ax) noun 名词 中 例 He chopped down the tree with an axe. 他用斧子把树砍倒了。 He paused and glanced at the axe in his hand . It would be no more use as a weapon than a banana would be . === A, a === A, a /eɪ/ noun 名词 中 例 ( plural 复数形式 A's , a's /eɪz/ ) ‘Apple’ begins with an ‘A’. * apple 一词以字母 a 开头。 === a.m. === a.m. /ˌeɪ ˈem/ (American also 美式英语亦作A.M.) abbr . 缩略式 中 例 I start work at 9 a.m. 我上午 9 点钟上班。 You use p . m . for times between 12 o'clock in the day and 12 o'clock at night . 用 p . m . 表示从白天 12 点到晚上 12 点之间的时间段 。 === able === able /ˈeɪbl/ adj . 形容词 中 例 PHRASES be able to do something Will you be able to come to the party? 你能来参加聚会吗？ Is Simon able to swim? 西蒙会游泳吗？ Look at CAN (1) . 见 CAN 第1义 。 unable . 反义词为 unable 。 But her grandmother hadn ’ t been able to save the life of Aithne ’ s mother , who ’ d died giving birth to Aithne . === ache === ache /eɪk/ verb 动词 中 例 ( aches , aching , ached /eɪkt/ ) She was aching all over. 她浑身疼痛。 My legs ached after the long walk. 走了长长的一段路后，我双腿发疼。 Her stomach ached , her toes tingled and her head throbbed . The sun was too bright . The hammock was too hard . === ache === ache /eɪk/ noun 名词 中 例 S 语法说明 GRAMMAR [no plural 不用复数形式] If you eat all those sweets, you'll get stomach ache. 要是吃下所有的糖果，你会肚子疼的。 She's got earache. 她耳朵疼。 Her stomach ached , her toes tingled and her head throbbed . The sun was too bright . The hammock was too hard . === acid === acid /ˈæsɪd/ noun 名词 中 例 ‘ How exotic , ’ Aurora said . ‘ And I can ’ t wait to try some carbonated water with colour , sulphite ammonia , caramel , sweetener , phosphoric acid , sodium citrate , preservative and citric acid . ’ === acne === acne /ˈækni/ noun 名词 中 例 [no plural 不用复数形式] === acre === acre /ˈeɪkə(r)/ noun 名词 中 例 a farm of 40 acres 一座 40 英亩的农场 It took three blows to kill Huwawa , guardian of the Cedar Forest . When he fell , he flattened the trees for acres around . His scorching glory snuffed out , he became no more than a mound of vegetable matter , a hummock in the landscape . Dead . === aged === aged /eɪdʒd/ adj . 形容词 中 例 They have two children, aged three and five. 他们有两个孩子，一个三岁一个五岁。 Why ‘ young ’ princess ? Why do we think she was young ? She could have died aged eighty-six for all anybody knows . === AIDS === AIDS /eɪdz/ (British also 英式英语亦作Aids) noun 名词 中 例 [no plural 不用复数形式] to have AIDS 患有艾滋病 the AIDS virus 艾滋病病毒 === ally === ally /ˈælaɪ/ noun 名词 中 例 (plural 复数形式 allies) Somewhere far , far at the back of Gloth ’ s mind , down a dark alley of doubt , along a terrible terrace of trauma , at the end of an agonized avenue of anguish , a small weed of dread began to grow . === also === also /ˈɔːlsəʊ/ adv . 副词 中 例 词语辨析 WHICH WORD He plays several instruments and also writes music. 他会演奏好几种乐器，还会谱曲。 The food is wonderful, and also very cheap. 食物相当好，而且很便宜。 Everyday action ! Energy assessment . Make a list of all the ways you use energy in a normal week . Include not only obvious things , like switching on a light , but also more complicated ones , like eating food that is grown and transported using energy . === arch === arch /ɑːtʃ/ noun 名词 中 例 (plural 复数形式 arches) And Scrapcat arched his back and went , ‘ Honk , honk ’ . === area === area /ˈeəriə/ noun 名词 中 例 Do you live in this area? 你住在这一带吗？ the desert areas of North Africa 北非的沙漠地区 The restaurant has a non-smoking area(= a part where you must not smoke). 这家餐馆设有无烟区。 Make sure you stretch all areas of the body. 务必要伸展身体的所有部位。 Clean any areas where you prepare food. 所有的备餐区都要清洁干净。 What is your main area of study? 你的主要研究领域是什么？ Dad shook his head . ‘ This area isn ’ t safe ! ’ === arms === arms /ɑːmz/ noun 名词 中 例 [plural 用复数形式] ‘ Dad ! ’ Charlie flew into Dad ’ s arms . === army === army /ˈɑːmi/ noun 名词 中 例 词汇扩充 WORD BUILDING (plural 复数形式 armies) He joined the army when he was 17. 他 17 岁参军。 the British Army 英国陆军 ‘ Centurion Comus tells me you wish to join the army as soon as you are old enough . ’ === ASAP === ASAP /ˌeɪ es eɪ ˈpiː/ /ˈeɪsæp/ abbr . 缩略式 中 例 (informal非正式) I'd like the report on my desk ASAP. 尽快完成报告，放到我办公桌上。 === atom === atom /ˈætəm/ noun 名词 中 例 Water is made of atoms of hydrogen and oxygen. 水是由氢原子和氧原子构成的。 Look also at molecule . 另见 molecule 。 When Grotty Monday started my mum was fighting with the washing machine , and the washing machine was winning . It usually did . You never knew if it would start , flood , creak , dance all over the kitchen or go into self-destruct and blow itself to atoms . === aunt === aunt /ɑːnt/ noun 名词 中 例 读音说明 PRONUNCIATION ( also informal 非正式 亦作 auntie , aunty /ˈɑːnti/ ) Aunt Mary 玛丽姨妈 You have guessed my dark secret ! I live with my Aunt Nag . She is very old and very ugly and very cruel . === away === away /əˈweɪ/ adv . 副词 中 例 The sea is two miles away. 大海离这里有两英里。 She ran away from him. 她从他身边跑开了。 He put his books away. 他把书放在一边。 Tim is away from school today because he is ill. 蒂姆今天因病没上学。 SAME MEANING absent . 同义词为 absent 。 Our holiday is only three weeks away. 还有三个星期我们就放假了。 “ Yeah , you should stick Jamie there . He ’ d scare anything away , except the slugs ! ” said Daisy . === abbey === abbey /ˈæbi/ noun 名词 中 例 (plural 复数形式 abbeys) The coronation of Queen Elizabeth II took place in Westminster Abbey on 2nd June , 1953 . Geoffrey met his wife , Valerie , just before this . === about === about /əˈbaʊt/ prep . 介词 中 例 a book about cats 关于猫的书 We talked about the problem. 我们谈了这个问题。 What are you thinking about? 你在想什么？ Football is all about money these days. 如今足球只顾赚钱。 The children were running about the garden. 孩子们在花园里跑来跑去。 By the time he went to bed he still hadn ’ t got to the bottom of the puzzle . He slept badly , dreaming about dinosaurs wearing enormous spectacles and ballet frocks . At half past two his troubled sleep was broken by strange noises from the garden . === about === about /əˈbaʊt/ adv . 副词 中 例 She's about 30 years old. 她 30 岁上下。 There were about 2 000 people at the concert. 大约 2 000 人参加了音乐会。 I got there at about two o'clock. 我在两点前后到了那儿。 There were books lying about on the floor. 地上到处都是书。 Dinner is just about ready. 晚餐快做好了。 It was late and there weren't many people about. 时间不早，那里人不多了。 about adj. 形容词 be about to do something The film is about to start. 电影就要开始了。 By the time he went to bed he still hadn ’ t got to the bottom of the puzzle . He slept badly , dreaming about dinosaurs wearing enormous spectacles and ballet frocks . At half past two his troubled sleep was broken by strange noises from the garden . === above === above /əˈbʌv/ prep . 介词 , adv . 副词 中 例 My bedroom is above the kitchen. 我的卧室在厨房上面。 There is a picture on the wall above the fireplace. 壁炉上方的墙上挂着一幅画。 I looked up at the sky above. 我抬头仰望天空。 below . 反义词为 below 。 children aged ten and above 十岁或以上的儿童 below , under . 反义词为 below , under 。 PHRASES above all He's handsome and intelligent and, above all, he's kind! 他既英俊又聪明，最要紧的是他人很好！ The rock above them moaned and groaned . === abuse === abuse /əˈbjuːz/ verb 动词 中 例 ( abuses , abusing , abused /əˈbjuːzd/ ) The manager often abuses her power. 经理常常滥用她的职权。 to abuse alcohol 酗酒 The children had been physically abused. 孩子们遭到了身体上的虐待。 The player got a red card for abusing the referee. 那名球员因辱骂裁判而吃了红牌。 And at that the Council took courage . And instead of banishing the man , they set him to work sticking pieces of paper on badly parked wagons . And this filled the man with so much joy that he had hardly any bad temper left to abuse his neighbours . === abuse === abuse /əˈbjuːs/ noun 名词 中 例 [no plural 不用复数形式] the dangers of drug abuse 滥用药物的危险 The police officer's actions were an abuse of power. 这名警员的所作所为是滥用权力。 The child had suffered verbal and physical abuse. 这孩子受到了辱骂和肉体摧残。 The lorry driver shouted abuse at the cyclist. 卡车司机对那个骑车的人破口大骂。 racial abuse 种族虐待 And at that the Council took courage . And instead of banishing the man , they set him to work sticking pieces of paper on badly parked wagons . And this filled the man with so much joy that he had hardly any bad temper left to abuse his neighbours . === acorn === acorn /ˈeɪkɔːn/ noun 名词 中 例 Not every tadpole in a pond will grow up to be a frog . Not every acorn on an oak tree will become a new oak tree . They have to compete for the things they need , like food , water , sunlight or shelter . Charles called this a “ struggle for survival ” . === actor === actor /ˈæktə(r)/ noun 名词 中 例 The director creates the atmosphere of the show and gives the actors instructions . === acute === acute /əˈkjuːt/ adj . 形容词 中 例 an acute shortage of food 食物的严重短缺 Captain Fearbeard had had high hopes for his trip to Australia and that only served to make his disappointment at returning empty-handed even more acute . Rumour had it that the wild country was full of undiscovered marvels . If that was the case then they were to remain that way – undiscovered . Their time in Australia was at an end and it was time to begin the long voyage home . === adapt === adapt /əˈdæpt/ verb 动词 中 例 (adapts, adapting, adapted) He has adapted very well to being at a new school. 他已经很适应新学校的生活。 The car was adapted for use as a taxi. 这辆汽车经过改装用作出租车了。 SAME MEANING modify . 同义词为 modify 。 Charles and Wallace realized that when you put these three facts together , it explains how species change , or adapt . Over time , the mix of features in the population changes . The population becomes better adapted to that environment . === admit === admit /ədˈmɪt/ verb 动词 中 例 (admits, admitting, admitted) He admitted stealing the money. 他承认偷了钱。 I admit that I made a mistake. 我承认犯了错误。 SAME MEANING confess . 同义词为 confess 。 deny . 反义词为 deny 。 This ticket admits one person to the museum. 这张票准许一人进入博物馆。 ‘ She was from the Dobunni , ’ replied Castus , uncomfortable at having to admit that he came from British stock . === adopt === adopt /əˈdɒpt/ verb 动词 中 例 (adopts, adopting, adopted) They adopted Micky after his parents died. 他们在米基父母死后收养了他。 Farmers are adopting new technologies. 农民正在采用新技术。 He has adopted a positive attitude. 他采取了积极的态度。 The council voted to adopt the new rules. 委员会投票通过了新规则。 ‘ But the good news is that I like you , Baz , ’ chortled Sumo , cheering up no end . ‘ So you can adopt me . ’ === adore === adore /əˈdɔː(r)/ verb 动词 中 例 ( adores , adoring , adored /əˈdɔːd/ ) She adores playing with her grandchildren. 她喜爱和孙辈一起玩。 Connor peeped in . Robo-Vac sat next to the mower . The little robot was gazing at it with adoring eyes . === adult === adult /ˈædʌlt/ /əˈdʌlt/ noun 名词 中 例 Adults as well as children will enjoy this film. 这部电影老少咸宜。 adult adj. 形容词 an adult ticket 成人票 adult education 成人教育 If you are worried about yourself or someone else , make sure you talk to an adult you trust . === after === after /ˈɑːftə(r)/ prep . 介词 中 例 Jane arrived after dinner. 简是在饭后来的。 After doing my homework, I went out. 我做完作业后出去了。 Ten comes after nine. 十在九的后面。 Close the door after you. 随手关门。 The police officer ran after her. 警察追捕她。 PHRASES after all I was worried about the exam, but it wasn't difficult after all. 我很担心这次考试，但其实并不难。 She doesn't understand. After all, she's only two. 她不明白的。说到底，她只有两岁。 The kit manager looks after the team ’ s clothes , boots and equipment . === after === after /ˈɑːftə(r)/ conj . 连词 , adv . 副词 中 例 We arrived after the film had started. 我们在电影开始后才到。 Jane left at ten o'clock and I left soon after. 简在十点钟离开，不久以后我也走了。 The kit manager looks after the team ’ s clothes , boots and equipment . === again === again /əˈɡen/ /əˈɡeɪn/ adv . 副词 中 例 Could you say that again, please? 请再说一遍好吗？ I will never see him again. 我再也不会见他了。 You'll soon feel well again. 你很快就会康复。 PHRASES again and again I've told you again and again not to do that! 我已经再三跟你说不要做那件事！ The screen crackled again and President Zink was replaced by a large , happy-looking blue alien with glasses and a white lab coat . === agent === agent /ˈeɪdʒənt/ noun 名词 中 例 An actor's agent tries to find work for actors. 演员的经纪人会尽力为演员寻找工作机会。 a travel agent 旅行代理商 They accused him of acting as a secret agent for the Soviet Union. 他们指控他充当苏联特工。 Along the way , I started up a magazine for the radio station and also wrote and recorded little bits of comedy for BBC Radio 4 . I sent some story ideas off to publishers and agents and – after about three or four years of rejections – finally got an agent and a book deal with Oxford University Press , for the Shapeshifter series . === agony === agony /ˈæɡəni/ noun 名词 中 例 [no plural 不用复数形式] He screamed in agony. 他痛得高声尖叫。 He squirted a jet at the spider . As soon as the water hit , the creature let out a shriek of agony . === agree === agree /əˈɡriː/ verb 动词 中 例 ( agrees , agreeing , agreed /əˈɡriːd/ ) I agree with you. 我同意你的意见。 Martin thinks we should go by train but I don't agree. 马丁认为我们应该乘火车去，但我不同意。 disagree . 反义词为 disagree 。 I don't agree with hitting children as a punishment. 我不赞成靠打来惩罚孩子。 Amy agreed to give me the money. 埃米同意给我那笔钱。 refuse . 反义词为 refuse 。 We agreed to meet on March 3rd. 我们约好 3 月 3 日见面。 Liz and I agreed on a price. 利兹和我谈好了价格。 ‘ It was , ’ agreed Comet , ‘ but I bet they didn ’ t feel so clever when they fell down that hatch . ’ === ahead === ahead /əˈhed/ adv . 副词 中 例 The road ahead was closed. 前面的路封了。 We must think ahead and make a plan. 我们得向前看并制订计划。 We could see a light ahead of us. 我们看见前面有灯。 He's got a difficult time ahead of him. 他以后的日子不好过。 We started planning the party weeks ahead. 我们提前几周就开始筹划聚会了。 Inga and Nils arrived a few minutes ahead of us. 英格和尼尔斯比我们早到几分钟。 London is about five hours ahead of New York(= it is five hours later in London than it is in New York). 伦敦比纽约早大约五个小时。 Italy were one goal ahead at half-time. 意大利队半场以一球领先。 PHRASES go ahead ‘Can I borrow your pen?’ ‘Sure, go ahead.’ “我可以借用你的笔吗？”“可以，拿去用吧。” There is one last task ahead of you , though: the Energy Quiz . Check your score at the bottom of page 53 . ( Just so you know: not all of the possible answers are completely serious . ) === aisle === aisle /aɪl/ noun 名词 中 例 Passengers should not put luggage in the aisle. 乘客不应将行李放在过道上。 Coffee and tea are in the next aisle. 咖啡和茶在下一个过道。 ‘ Shut up , ’ said Bianca . ‘ You know nothing about it . She looked lovely and so did I . I could hear people saying “ Ooh ” and “ Aah ” as we walked up the aisle . ’ === alarm === alarm /əˈlɑːm/ noun 名词 中 例 Does your car have an alarm? 你的汽车有报警器吗？ a burglar alarm 防盗报警器 a fire alarm 防火报警器 Look also at false alarm . 另见 false alarm 。 He heard a noise and jumped out of bed in alarm. 他听到声响，吓得跳下了床。 Ishi felt like she ’ d barely slept when her alarm rang early the next morning . She dragged herself out of bed and got ready to head down to the beach to help her mother with her work . === alarm === alarm /əˈlɑːm/ verb 动词 中 例 ( alarms , alarming , alarmed /əˈlɑːmd/ ) The noise alarmed the bird and it flew away. 那响声把鸟吓飞了。 Ishi felt like she ’ d barely slept when her alarm rang early the next morning . She dragged herself out of bed and got ready to head down to the beach to help her mother with her work . === album === album /ˈælbəm/ noun 名词 中 例 The band are about to release their third album. 这个乐队即将推出第三张专辑。 Look at SINGLE (3) . 见 SINGLE 第3义 。 a photo album 相册 ‘ Yes , I have . Max kept meaning to get an album for them . They ’ re all dated on the back . He was going to write little captions to go under each photograph . ’ === alert === alert /əˈlɜːt/ adj . 形容词 中 例 A good driver is always alert. 好的驾驶员时刻保持警觉。 Run around ( but not before bedtime ) Being energetic means you are more likely to feel tired in the evening . It ’ s best not to exercise too late though , as this can make you more alert when it ’ s time to relax . === alien === alien /ˈeɪliən/ noun 名词 中 例 aliens from outer space 外星人 an illegal alien 非法外侨 “ But you ’ re just a boy ! ” said the alien , disappointed . === alike === alike /əˈlaɪk/ adj . 形容词 , adv . 副词 中 例 The two sisters are very alike. 这对姐妹长得很像。 The book is popular with adults and children alike. 这本书大人小孩都爱看。 ‘ Oh , you ’ ll see him again , ’ said the Witch , ‘ but as all black cats look more or less alike , you will never be quite sure that it is him . ’ === alive === alive /əˈlaɪv/ adj . 形容词 中 例 Are your grandparents alive? 你的祖父母还健在吗？ ‘ But the Queen herself shared her rule with the Romans when her husband was alive , ’ said Drustan . === alley === alley /ˈæli/ noun 名词 中 例 (plural 复数形式 alleys) He looked furtively left and right and then heaved his suitcase over to the grubby taxi that was lurking on the other side of the alley . === allow === allow /əˈlaʊ/ verb 动词 中 例 词语辨析 WHICH WORD ( allows , allowing , allowed /əˈlaʊd/ ) My parents allow me to stay out late at weekends. 我父母允许我周末晚点回家。 Smoking is not allowed in cinemas. 电影院不准吸烟。 You're not allowed to park your car here. 此处不准停车。 This app allows you to upload your photos. 这款应用可以上传照片。 Inside , there are light wells , which are open areas or shafts that allow natural light in . This cuts down the energy needed for electric lighting . The walls are super-thick to keep in heat . The special windows let in light and solar energy , but they stop heat escaping . === alone === alone /əˈləʊn/ adj . 形容词 , adv . 副词 中 例 词语辨析 WHICH WORD I don't like being alone in the house. 我不喜欢一个人待在家里。 My grandmother lives alone. 我祖母独自生活。 SAME MEANING on your own , by yourself . 同义词为 on your own , by yourself 。 You alone can help me. 只有你能帮助我。 ‘ My sister ’ s brave too , ’ said Spider . ‘ She went into the monsters ’ house alone . ’ === along === along /əˈlɒŋ/ prep . 介词 中 例 We walked along the road. 我们沿着那条路走。 There are trees along the river bank. 沿河长着树。 Ishi ’ s mother joined in and so did Adya ’ s mum . Soon the entire coachload of friends and family were chanting along too . === along === along /əˈlɒŋ/ adv . 副词 中 例 He drove along very slowly. 他驱车缓慢地前进。 We're going for a walk. Why don't you come along too? 我们要去散步，你干吗不一块去？ PHRASES along with somebody or something She was invited to the party along with her husband. 她和丈夫一起受邀参加聚会。 Ishi ’ s mother joined in and so did Adya ’ s mum . Soon the entire coachload of friends and family were chanting along too . === aloud === aloud /əˈlaʊd/ adv . 副词 中 例 I read the story aloud to my sister. 我给妹妹朗读这个故事。 ‘ No , no – come back , pretty pink bird , ’ Melleron said , aloud . === alter === alter /ˈɔːltə(r)/ verb 动词 中 例 ( alters , altering , altered /ˈɔːltəd/ ) We've altered our plans and will now stay for a week instead of ten days. 我们改变了计划，将逗留一个星期，而不是十天。 He had altered so much I hardly recognized him. 他变化太大，我几乎认不出来了。 We can alter the dress so that it fits you. 我们可以把连衣裙改一下，让你穿着合身。 4 Slightly alter the hairstyles , lips and ears . === amaze === amaze /əˈmeɪz/ verb 动词 中 例 ( amazes , amazing , amazed /əˈmeɪzd/ ) It amazes me that anyone could be so stupid! 竟然有这么笨的人，真让我惊讶！ “ News that will amaze and delight him . ” === among === among /əˈmʌŋ/ ( also 亦作 amongst /əˈmʌŋst/ ) prep . 介词 中 例 图解词汇VISUAL VOCABULARY 词语辨析 WHICH WORD I often feel nervous when I'm among strangers. 我在陌生人中间常常感到紧张。 There is a lot of anger among students about the new law. 学生对新法大为愤怒。 He divided the money among his six children. 他把钱分给了六个子女。 There was a third gasp , followed by whispering and muttering among the crowd . Lola didn ’ t dare look up – her family must be so disappointed in her . === amuse === amuse /əˈmjuːz/ verb 动词 中 例 ( amuses , amusing , amused /əˈmjuːzd/ ) Rick's joke did not amuse his mother. 里克讲的笑话并没有把母亲逗乐。 We played games to amuse ourselves on the long journey. 我们在长途旅程中玩游戏自娱。 ‘ You find that amusing , do you ? ’ === angel === angel /ˈeɪndʒl/ noun 名词 中 例 The address at the top of Angel ’ s letter was 20 , Ring Road , Peyton . Prunella had never noticed an orphanage on the Ring Road . === anger === anger /ˈæŋɡə(r)/ noun 名词 中 例 [no plural 不用复数形式] She was shaking with anger. 她气得直发抖。 Drustan barged into the tent , a look of anger on his face . === angle === angle /ˈæŋɡl/ noun 名词 中 例 图解词汇VISUAL VOCABULARY 拼写说明 SPELLING 词汇扩充 WORD BUILDING an angle of 40° * 40 度角 You can look at the issue from many different angles. 你可以从很多不同的角度来看待这个问题。 We need a new angle for the next advertising campaign. 我们需要一个新的视角来做下一次广告宣传。 It took me some time to get up . My right arm was killing . It was sticking out at a funny angle and when I tried to move it , the pain cut through me . === angry === angry /ˈæŋɡri/ adj . 形容词 中 例 (angrier, angriest) My father was angry with me when I got home late. 我回家晚了，爸爸很生气。 angrily /ˈæŋɡrəli/ adv. 副词 ‘Somebody has taken my book!’ she shouted angrily. “有人把我的书拿走了！”她生气地喊道。 An angry magpie clacked in the branches above her and she could hear a distant aeroplane . But no Sam . === ankle === ankle /ˈæŋkl/ noun 名词 中 例 “ I don ’ t know . ” Bella tried to get up but felt a sudden stab of pain in her left ankle . She sank back again and shook her head . “ My ankle really hurts . ” === annoy === annoy /əˈnɔɪ/ verb 动词 中 例 ( annoys , annoying , annoyed /əˈnɔɪd/ ) It really annoys me when my brother leaves his clothes all over the floor. 弟弟把衣服扔得满地都是，真叫我生气。 Close the door if the noise is annoying you. 这声响让你烦的话，就关上门。 SAME MEANING irritate . 同义词为 irritate 。 She has always had annoying habits – like collecting animals . === anti- === anti- /ˈænti/ prefix 前缀 中 例 an anti-smoking campaign 禁烟运动 antivirus 防病毒的 The earth revolves around the sun in an anticlockwise direction. 地球逆时针绕太阳旋转。 === apart === apart /əˈpɑːt/ adv . 副词 中 例 The two houses are 500 metres apart. 两所房子相距 500 米。 My mother and father live apart now. 我母亲和父亲现在分开居住。 Their birthdays are only three days apart. 他们的生日只相隔三天。 He took my computer apart to repair it. 他把我的电脑拆开修理。 PHRASES apart from somebody or something There's nobody here, apart from me. 这里只有我，没有别人。 I like all vegetables apart from carrots. 除了胡萝卜之外，我什么蔬菜都爱吃。 The town is going to be torn apart by a tyrannosaurus ! === apple === apple /ˈæpl/ noun 名词 中 例 图解词汇VISUAL VOCABULARY After school , Charlie went to the orchard . He missed Jem . He hadn ’ t been to the mine since the stableman scared him off . He searched the grass for the juiciest apple . === apply === apply /əˈplaɪ/ verb 动词 中 例 ( applies , applying , applied /əˈplaɪd/ ) Simon has applied for a place at university. 西蒙已向大学递交入学申请。 This law applies to all children over the age of sixteen. 这条法律适用于所有十六岁以上的孩子。 He was the first to apply scientific principles to the study of the human mind. 他是将科学原理应用于人类思维研究的第一人。 Staff must be trained to apply the rules correctly. 员工必须接受培训，以正确运用这些规则。 Apply the cream to the face and neck. 将乳霜涂抹于面部和颈部。 If most of these things apply to you , Jason thinks you should explore the field of computer science too ! === April === April /ˈeɪprəl/ noun 名词 中 例 Oops ! One night , Charles heard the ship ’ s surveyor calling , “ Darwin , did you ever see a Grampus ? Bear a hand then . ” He rushed up to the deck excited to see a new kind of dolphin . Instead he found the crew roaring with laughter . It was April Fool ’ s Day ! === apron === apron /ˈeɪprən/ noun 名词 中 例 Suddenly , Hetty remembered the five pennies in her apron pocket . === arena === arena /əˈriːnə/ noun 名词 中 例 (plural 复数形式 arenas) 1 . Khoi ’ s claim that ants can run three times faster than centipedes was settled in a purpose-built arena ( a cardboard box ) . The result was inconclusive because at no point did we persuade the contestants to run in the same direction . === argue === argue /ˈɑːɡjuː/ verb 动词 中 例 ( argues , arguing , argued /ˈɑːɡjuːd/ ) My parents argue a lot about money. 我父母经常因为钱的事情吵架。 I often argue with my brother. 我常跟弟弟吵架。 Billy argued that war is not the answer. 比利认为战争不是解决问题的办法。 There is no use arguing with him , thought Aithne . She looked across to where Caradoc was sitting , watching them . ‘ When will you talk to Caradoc ? ’ === arise === arise /əˈraɪz/ verb 动词 中 例 ( arises , arising , arose /əˈrəʊz/ , arisen /əˈrɪzn/ ) ( formal 正式 ) And Ora looked into the woman ’ s mind and saw that she did indeed love her husband deeply . So He arose and went with the woman to the place where she lived and there He found the man , greatly sick , and in much pain . === armed === armed /ɑːmd/ adj . 形容词 中 例 an armed robbery 持械抢劫 Are the police armed in your country? 你们国家的警察携带武器吗？ unarmed . 反义词为 unarmed 。 Once more , he looked towards the wagon . The man with the spear who ’ d been sitting on the steps got to his feet as another armed man came to join him . They talked briefly , and then the later arrival went off . But would he come back ? === arose === arose 中 例 And Ora looked into the woman ’ s mind and saw that she did indeed love her husband deeply . So He arose and went with the woman to the place where she lived and there He found the man , greatly sick , and in much pain . === arrow === arrow /ˈærəʊ/ noun 名词 中 例 词汇扩充 WORD BUILDING The arrow is pointing left. 箭头指向左边。 Hercules tracked the lion , took careful aim and fired his arrows . === aside === aside /əˈsaɪd/ adv . 副词 中 例 He put the magazine aside while he did his homework. 他做作业时把杂志放在一边。 Finally , Margaret took him aside . ‘ Father , what ’ s come over you ? That woman has put you under some sort of spell ! ’ === atlas === atlas /ˈætləs/ noun 名词 中 例 (plural 复数形式 atlases) an atlas of the world 世界地图集 ‘ All right , ’ said Atlas . ‘ You can use the one I had . ’ === attic === attic /ˈætɪk/ noun 名词 中 例 My old clothes are in a box in the attic. 我的旧衣服都放在阁楼的箱子里。 SAME MEANING loft . 同义词为 loft 。 I found her in the attic room , choosing clothes suitable for a holiday in Transylvania . She was glad to see me . === audio === audio /ˈɔːdiəʊ/ adj . 形容词 中 例 audio recordings === avoid === avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ verb 动词 中 例 (avoids, avoiding, avoided) He always tried to avoid an argument if possible. 他总是尽可能避免与人争执。 He has to avoid exercising too much. 他得避免运动过量。 We crossed the road to avoid our teacher. 我们走过马路以躲开老师。 The tyrannosaurus stopped outside a house that Max knew only too well and usually tried to avoid at all costs . Max knew just which bedroom the Grabbly Gang would be in , and their window was open . How very useful ! === awake === awake /əˈweɪk/ adj . 形容词 中 例 The children are still awake. 孩子们还没睡着。 asleep . 反义词为 asleep 。 The Normal family were awake and noisy all day . === award === award /əˈwɔːd/ noun 名词 中 例 She won the award for best actress. 她获颁最佳女演员奖。 Thomas ’ s windows got a huge reaction . The shop , the public and the newspapers loved it . It won Thomas his first big award . Heatherwick Studio had arrived ! === award === award /əˈwɔːd/ verb 动词 中 例 (awards, awarding, awarded) He was awarded first prize in the writing competition. 他获得写作比赛一等奖。 Thomas ’ s windows got a huge reaction . The shop , the public and the newspapers loved it . It won Thomas his first big award . Heatherwick Studio had arrived ! === aware === aware /əˈweə(r)/ adj . 形容词 中 例 He's not aware of the problem. 他还没意识到这个问题。 I was aware that somebody was watching me. 我知道有人在注视着我。 unaware . 反义词为 unaware 。 When the two boys ran into the room , the ball of light glowed a deeper red . It floated down to their eye-level . Somehow , David knew that it was aware of them . === awful === awful /ˈɔːfl/ adj . 形容词 中 例 The pain was awful. 疼得很厉害。 What awful weather! 多么糟糕的天气！ Look at the note at bad . 见 bad 的注释 。 I've got an awful lot of work to do. 我有一大堆工作要做。 “ Oh , poor Bug ! ” Tyla felt awful . “ We should go and look for him tomorrow . ” === aboard === aboard /əˈbɔːd/ adv . 副词 , prep . 介词 中 例 We went aboard. 我们上了船。 Are all the passengers aboard the ship? 所有乘客都上船了吗？ Welcome aboard flight 603 to Nairobi. 欢迎乘坐前往内罗毕的 603 号航班。 The two ships had recently rounded Cape Horn . The men aboard were starving and sick , and in dire need of fresh water and supplies . They anchored near a wide bay , then sent a landing party ashore to investigate . === abroad === abroad /əˈbrɔːd/ adv . 副词 中 例 She lives abroad. 她住在国外。 Are you going abroad this summer? 你今年夏天出国吗？ Coastal castle If you trade abroad a lot , you might want to choose a coastal site like Bamburgh Castle so you can get to your ships quickly . Bear in mind , though , that castles on the coast are likely to be attacked first by any invading armies . === abrupt === abrupt /əˈbrʌpt/ adj . 形容词 中 例 an abrupt change of plan 计划的突然改变 I'm sorry for being so abrupt with you. 我这么唐突，实在不好意思。 abruptly /əˈbrʌptli/ adv. 副词 The conversation ended abruptly. 谈话突然终止了。 Sebastian thought about turkeys and closed his mouth abruptly . === absent === absent /ˈæbsənt/ adj . 形容词 中 例 He was absent from work yesterday because he was ill. 他昨天病了，所以没上班。 SAME MEANING away . 同义词为 away 。 present . 反义词为 present 。 The mood in the classroom that morning was lighter , sunnier and generally less nervous than usual . It was unknown for Fraser Gribblethwaite to be absent , and yet , inexplicably , there he wasn ’ t . A spirit of celebration began to take hold . Everyone settled down to work with an unaccustomed happiness . === absorb === absorb /əbˈzɔːb/ verb 动词 中 例 ( absorbs , absorbing , absorbed /əbˈzɔːbd/ ) The dry ground absorbed all the rain. 干燥的地面把雨水都吸收了。 He ran home as fast as his legs would carry him , leaping and singing for joy . Mukanda planned to spread the skins under his baby son at the naming ceremony . He hoped that his son would absorb some of the magic energy and power of leopards . Then his boy would grow to become the best hunter that Kenya had ever known . === absurd === absurd /əbˈsɜːd/ adj . 形容词 中 例 The guards look absurd in that new uniform. 警卫穿着那套新制服，看上去很可笑。 Don't be absurd! I can't possibly do all this work in one day. 别犯傻了！我不可能在一天之内全部做完。 SAME MEANING ridiculous . 同义词为 ridiculous 。 ‘ Stood up ! ’ said Lily , and they both laughed at the idea of a big , blubbery seal standing on its tail and holding out its absurd little flippers . === accent === accent /ˈæksent/ /ˈæksənt/ noun 名词 中 例 She speaks English with an American accent. 她说英语带有美国口音。 In the word ‘because’, the accent is on the second part of the word. * because 这个词的重音放在第二个音节。 Fiancé has an accent on the ‘e’. * fiancé 在 e 上标有变音符号。 ‘ I like your accent , ’ says the lady , making room for me to sit down .